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UNIVERSITY^ 

PENNSYL\4\NIA> 

LIBRARIES 


Philadelphia 


and 


Popular  Philadelphians 


Illustrated 

with  many  Views  and  Portraits 


Copyrighted  1891 

The  North  American 

Philadelphia,  1891 


F/       s/t 


Col.  Clayton  McMichael 

Editor  ano  Proprietor  of  The  North  Am 


UNIVERSITY 


PENNSYLVANIA 
LIBRARIES 


William  Penn 

Born   in  London,  October  14,  1644. 


Laid  the  foundation  of 
Universal  Liberty, 
A.  D.  16S2, 
in  the  privileges  he  then   accorded 
the  Emigrants  to  Pennsylvania, 
and  thus  enabled  their  De- 
scendants to  make  this 
Colony    the    Key- 
stone State  of 
the  Federal 
Union  in 
17S9. 


Tablet  in 
Independence  Hall. 


Any  Government 

i  Free,  whatever  lie  the  Form,  w'.ici 

the  Laws  Rule  and  the  People 

arc  a  Party  to  those  Laws, 

and  more  than  this  is 

Tyranny.  Oligarchy 

and  Confusion. 


Penu's  frame  of  Government. 


Tablet  in 
Independence  Kail. 


FROM  THE  STATUE  TO  BE   PLACED  ON  THE  DOME  OF  THE  PUBLIC  BUILDINGS 


AMERICAN    PRINTING    HOUSE 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


PREFACE. 


attended  local  experiment, 
tion,  manners  and  customs, 


THE  CITY  OF  PHILADELPHIA  must  always 
be  an  object   of  particular  and  inexhaustible 
\  interest  to   the  student   of  American  institu- 

1       tions.      Peculiar  in  its  origin  and  initial  institutions, 
a  city  which  was  made  and  did  not  spring  spontane- 
ously   from    the   concurrence  of  circumstances   and    sur- 
roundings, it  yet  took  its  place  at  a  very  early  day  as  the  focus 
of  American  tendencies  and  aspirations,  and  became  the  center  and 
birthplace  of  the  United  States  as  an  independent  commonwealth. 
In  the  military  and  in  the  political  history  of  this   nation,  Philadelphia 
occupies  the  foremost  place.  .  .  .... 

It  was  founded  as  an  asylum  of  peace  and  the  home  of  pacific  industry,  but 

it  became  not  only  the  sport  and  prey  of  contending  armies,  but   the  arsenal 

of  the  war-making  power   of   the   continent  during  seven    years  of  eager  and 

fluctuating  contest.  ........ 

The  greatest  of  deliberations  were  carried  forward  to  national  conclusions  within 

its  venerated  walls,  and  from  it  as  a  center  were  derived  those  impulses  to  sublime 

action  which  attain  even  grander  proportions  as  they  recede  in  the  vista  of  time. 

Here,  too,  American  industry  was  first  fostered  in  a  peculiar  national  and  American 

way,  until  a  continental  policy  grew  out  of  local  practice  and  the  successes  which 

In  many  respects  of  constitution,  institutions,    municipal  rule  and   law,  eonstruc- 

it  is  dissimilar   from   other   cities,  and   possesses  a  physiognomy  all  its  own.     [See 

History  of  Philadelphia,  r6oc}—/SSj.)         .......... 

Important  and  interesting  as  the  past  history  of  the  city  is,  not  less  important  and  influential  is  its  position 
to-day  as  one  of  the  great  financial,  industrial,  and  commercial  centers  of  the  nation.        .... 

Philadelphia,  the  greatest  manufacturing  center  of  the  United  States,  in  the  past  decade   has  maintained  a 
steady  growth  in   population,  increase  of  wealth,  extension  of  industrial  pursuits,  enlarged  its  railroad  facilities 
and  extended  its  commerce.  ........... 

In  Medical  Schools  and  Colleges  it  stands  preeminent ;  in  general  educational  and  charitable  institutions, 
in  science,  art  and  literature,  and  in    whatever  contributes  to  the  comfort  of  its  people,  it  is  not  surpassed  by 
any  other  city.       .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 

Its  Public  Buildings,  Churches,  Banking  Houses,  Business  Establishments  and  Residences  vie  with  those  of 
any  city  on  the  continent,  in  extent,  architectural  design,  elegance  and  comfort.  .... 

While  there  have  been  no  phenomenal  developments,  its  progress  has  been  healthful  and  in  keeping  with 
the  conservative  habits  of  the  people.         .......... 

Many  changes  and  developments  have  been  made  in  all  departments  of  manufacture  and  business  life,  due 
to  the  invention  and   application   of  improved   machinery,  and  to  the  development  of  electricity  as  the  most 
wonderful  agent  of  the  age.  ........... 

To  review  in  a  concise  way  the  general  and  individual  interests  of  the  city,  to  publish  biographical  sketches 
of  the   men  who  conduct  the  vast   interests   of  the   city  so  creditably   and    prosperously,  and  to   illustrate  the 
same  in  an  artistic  way,  as  well  as  to  exhibit  the  achievements  of  our  architects  and  builders  with  numerous 
engravings  of  their  work,  are  some  of  the  objects  of  this  book.    ....... 

In  the  biographical  sketches  of  the  business  and  professional  men  who  lead  in  the  an.dis  of  the  day,  who, 
by  their  energy  and  force  of  character  have  attained  success  and  contribute  to  the  wealth  and  general  prosperity 
of  the  community,    it  is  intended  to  present  a  better  knowledge   of  the  methods  and  conditions  of  life  under 
which  they  have  achieved  such  results,  not  only  as  a  matter  of  record  due  to  them,  but  as  a  matter  of  example 
and  study  for  those  upon  whom  the  future  progress  and  welfare  must  depend.      ..... 

In  respect  of  letter-press,  engraving  of  portraits  and  general  illustrations,  it  has  been  the  intention  of  the 
publishers  to  make  the  mechanical  execution  of  the  work  of  the  highest  character  obtainable  in  Philadelphia, 
and  to  this  end  they  lfnve  spared  no  expense  or  effort.        ........ 


(I  M 

2  ■•  ^?,^^*fl?^u2v^if 


^^is1^^^^  3"i 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


CITY  GOVERNMENT  AND  DEPARTMENTS. 


THE    CITY    OF    PHILADELPHIA,    by    the 
"Consolidation    Act"    of    February    ad,    1854, 
incorporated   under   its  title  all  of  the  various 
municipal  corporations  then  existing  in  the  county, 
which  was  continued  as  one  of  the  counties  of  the 
commonwealth.  ....... 

The  executive,  administrative  and  legislative  powers  of 

the  city  are  vested  in  the  Mayor,  Executive  Departments, 

and  the  Select  and  Common  Councils.        ..... 

The  Select  Council  consists  of  one  member  from  each  ward,  whose 
term  of  office  is  for  three  years.  ...... 

The  Common  Council  consists  of  one  member  for  each  two  thousand  of 

the  taxable  inhabitants  from  each  ward  of  the  citv,  who  serve  for  two  years. 

The    Mayor    nominates    and    by    and    with    the     advice     and     consent 

of    the    Select   Council    appoints    the    following    officers,    who   hold    office 

"  y         during  the  term  for  which  the  appointing  Mayor  was  elected,  and   until  their 

I  '^jf      jf  '  ""     ^Vy*t9?        successors  shall  be  respectively  qualified :         ....... 

I.  The  Director  of  the  Department  of  Public  Safety.      ..... 

II.  The  Director  of  the  Department  of  Public  Works.    ..... 

III.  The  President  and  Directors  of  the  Department  of  Charities  and  Correc- 
- ^&^C —     *** tion.     Term  of  office  five  vears.         ......... 

'  "  The  directors  or  chief  officers  of  departments  appoint  all  subordinate  officers 
and  clerks,  subject  to  approval  of  Select  Council.       ...... 

Councils  provide  by  ordinance  for  such  bureaus,  clerks  or  other  subordinate  officers  as  may  be  required  for 
the  transaction  of  the  business  of  the  departments.  ........... 

For  the  purpose  of  supervising  the  operations  of  the  different  departments,  and  of  assisting  Councils  in  the 
consideration  of  subjects  brought  before  them  relating  to  the  interests  of  the  corporation,  the  following  joint 
standing  committees  are  appointed  by  the  respective  presidents  annually  on  the  organization  of  the  Councils : 

Finance,  Water,  Highways,  Surveys,  Schools,  Police  and  Prisons,  City  Property,  Charities  and  Correction, 
Railroads,  Fire  and  Health,  Law,  Election  Divisions,  to  Verify  Cash  Accounts  City  Treasurer,  Gas,  Electrical, 
Municipal  Government,  Boiler  Inspection,  to  Compare  Bills,  Printing  and  Supplies,  Commerce  and  Navigation, 
Fairmount  Park  ;  to  consist  of  twelve  members  from  each  bodv.  ........ 


Term,  four  vears. 
day  in  April." 

Department  of  Public  Safety. 

Director     Appointed  by  the  Mayor. 

Bureaus  undercharge  of  this  Department— Police, 

Fire,   Electrical,  Health,   Building   Inspectors, 

Boiler  Inspectors,  City  Property,  Fire  Escapes. 

Depart  in,- ut  of  Public  Works. 

Director.     Appointed  bv  the  Mayor. 
In  charge  of  Ice  Boats.  Bureaus  of  Gas,  Highways, 

Lighting,  Surveys,  Street  Cleaning  aud  Water. 

Department  of  Receiver  of  Taxes. 

Receiver  elected  in  February,  for  three  years. 
Term  expires  first  Monday  in  April. 

Department  of  City  Treasurer. 

Treasurer  elected  in  November. 

Term,  three  years.     Expires  first  Monday  in  Jan. 

Department  of  City  Cou/i  oiler. 

City  Controller  elected  in  November. 

Term,  three  years.     Expires  in  January. 

Department  of  Laze. 

City  Solicitor  elected  in  February. 

Term,  three  years.  Expires  first  Monday  in  April. 

District  Attorney. 

Elected  in  November.     Term,  three  years. 
Expires  first  Monday  iu  January. 


EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENTS. 

Department  of  Education. 
The  Board  of  Education  has  thirty-four  members, 
one  from  each  Ward,  appointed  for  three  vears 
by  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas. 

Department  of  Charities  and  Correction. 
Five  Directors.  Appointed  by  the  Mayor. 
Bureau  of  Charities.     Bureau  of  Correction. 

Department  of  Sinking  Fund  Commissioners. 

Three  members— The  Mayor,  the  City  Controller, 

and  one  elected  by  Councils. 

Elected  by  the  people  for  three  years.    Two  by 
the  majority  party  and  one  by  the  minority. 

Recorder  of  Deeds. 

Elected  in  November  for  three  years. 

Term  expires  January. 

Sheriff. 

Elected  in  November  for  three  years. 

Term  expires  December  31. 

Register  of  Wills. 

Elected  in  November  for  three  years. 

Term  expires  January. 

Coroner. 

Elected  in  November  for  three  years. 

Clerk  Quarter  Sessions. 

Elected  in  November  for  three  years. 
Term  expires  in  January. 


Board  of  City  Trusts. 

Board  of  Directors  of  Citv  Trusts  created  by  Act 
of  Assemblv,  June  -,o,  1S69.  Twelve  members 
appointed  by  Court  of  Common  Pleas  ;  ex-omcio 
members,  the  Mayor,  and    Presidents  of  Coun- 


The  Board  consists  of  nineteen  members,  sixteen 
of  whom  are  chosen  by  Councils,  one  by  Ches- 
ter, one  by  Bristol,  and  the  Master  Warden  who 
is  appointed  by  the  Governor. 

Park  Commission. 

In  charge  of  Fairmount  and  Hunting  Parks. 
Twelve  Commissioners  appointed  by  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas  ;  ex-omcio  members,  the 
Mavor,  Presidents  of  Councils,  Chief  of  Water 
Bureau,  Chief  of  Survey  Bureau. 

Public  Building  Commission. 

The  Board  of  Public  Building  Commissioners, 
thirteen  in  number,  have  charge  of  building 
the  City  Hall.  Commission  created  by  Act  of 
Assembly,  August  5,  1S70.   Board  fills  vacancies 

Mercantile  Appraisers. 

Appointed  jointly  by  AuditorGeneral  of  Pennsyl- 
vania and  City  Treasurer,  for  three  years  from 
November.     Five  members. 

P)  ison  Inspectors. 
Nine  Inspectors.   Appointed  by  Court  of  Common 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


EDWIN  SYDNEY  STUART 

Now  Mayor  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  was  horn  in  this  city 
in  the  year  before  the  consolidation,  December  28th,  1853.  He  is  of 
Scotch-Irish  ancestrv,  which  has  produced  many  of  our  ablest  and 
most  enterprising  men.  His  scholastic  education  was  obtained  in 
the  public  schools  of  the  city,  but  after  having  passed  through  the 
various  divisions  of  the  Southwest  Grammar  School  he  left,  and  at 
the  age  of  fourteen  began  the  battle  of  life.  Noticing  an  advertise- 
ment that  a  hov  was  wanted  in  Leary's  old  book  store,  then  located 
at  Fifth  and  Walnut  streets,  he  made  application  for  the  place  and 
obtained  it,  thereby  getting  hold  of  the  bottom  round  of  the  busi- 
ness ladder  on  which  he  has  climbed  to  fortune.  Nine  years  after 
he  entered  this  store  as  boy-of-all-work  he  was  its  owner  by  pur- 
chase from  the  Executor  of  the  deceased  proprietor.  Shortly  after- 
ward he  removed  the  stock  and  business  to  the  building  on  Ninth 
street,  opposite  the  Post-office,  now  occupied  by  him,  where,  by 
assiduous  attention  to  business,  he  built  up  a  trade  that  rendered 
successive  enlargement  of  the  premises  necessary,  until  now  it  is 
the  largest  establishment  of 
the  kind  in  the  United  States. 

Mr.  Stuart's  advent  into 
the  political  arena  dates  from 
1880,  when  he  took  a  promi- 
nent part  in  the  organization 
of  the  Young  Republican 
Club,  and  was  elected  its 
Treasurer.  Two  years  sub- 
sequently he  was  elected  its 
President,  and  he  has  been 
annually  re-elected  to  the 
Presidency  ever  since.  Be- 
sides being  President  of  the 
Young  Republicans,  he  was 
elected  President  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania State  League  of  Re- 
publican Clubs  by  .111  unani- 
mous vote  of  the  Convention, 
and  after  serving  one  term  in 
that  capacity,  during  which 
his  organizing  ability  and 
political  tact  aided  the  work 
of  club  labor  materially,  he 
was  unanimously  re-elected 
for  another  term  at  the  Con- 
vention held  in  Pittsburgh. 
In  18N4  he  was  an  Elector  on 
tiie  Blaine  ticket,  and  enjoys 
the  distinction  of  having  re- 
ceived the  largest  majority 
of  votes  cast  for  any  Blaine 
Elector  of  any  State  of  the 
Union.  He  has  served  as  a 
delegate  to  many  State  and 
City  conventions,  and  in  iSSS 
was  the  delegate  from  the 
First  Congressional  district 
to  the  National  Convention 
which  nominated  Gen.  Har- 
rison for  the  Presidency,  and 

served  as  Chief  Marshal  of  the  Pennsylvania  Division  at  his  in- 
auguration, carrying  with  him  on  that  occasion  a  gold  mounted 
ebony  baton  presented  to  him  by  the  Young  Republicans,  and  which 
he  now  highly  prizes  as  a  souvenir. 

In  the  winter  of  18S6  he  was  nominated  by  the  Republicans  of 
the  Twenty-sixth  Ward  as  their  candidate  for  representative  in 
Select  Council,  and  in  the  following  February  he  was  elected  by 
the  largest  majority  ever  cast  for  a  councilmanic  candidate  in  the 
Ward.  His  course  in  Councils  was  so  eminently  wise  and  discreet, 
combining  conservatism  with  progressiveness,  that  he  was  not  only 
re-elected  in  18S9  without  opposition  from  the  Democrats,  but  his 
popularity  was  so  wide-spread  among  all  classes,  irrespective  of 
party,  as  to  indicate  that  he  was  the  choice  of  the  people  as  their 
Chief  Magistrate.  In  the  fall  of  1890  when  the  subject  of  a  choice 
of  a  candidate  for  the  Mayoralty  was  being  agitated,  a  widely  circu- 
lated journal  offered  a  handsome  prize  to  the  man  receiving  the 
most  votes,  and  the  result  demonstrated  that  Mr.  Stuart  was  so 
largely  the  popular  favorite  that  little  remained  for  the  nominating 
convention  to  do  but  select  him  as  their  standard  bearer,  and  in  the 
following  February  he  was  elected  by  a  larger  majority  than  was 
ever  before  given  a  Mayoralty  candidate  in  Philadelphia.  On  April 
1st   he   was   inaugurated  with    imposing   ceremony,  and    now   the 


errand  boy  of  1867  is  the  Mayor  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  and 
the  youngest  man  ever  elected  to  that  office.  His  course  in  the 
short  time  he  has  occupied  the  chair  of  Chief  Magistrate  is  such  as 
to  justify  the  prediction  made  for  him  by  Col.  Lambert  in  the 
nominating  convention,  when  he  said  :  "  He  has  done  much  to 
honor  the  men,  its  founders,  who  yet  live  among  us,  and  he  reveres 
the  memories  of  those  who  have  gone — he  has  shown  that  the 
newer  generation,  of  which  he  is  so  noble  a  tvpe,  is  not  unworthy 
the  sacrifices  the  older  made.  In  every  position  he  has  occupied 
he  has  shown  himself  capable,  and  his  faithful  discharge  of  all 
duties,  public  and  private,  is  an  earnest  of  his  conduct  in  the  higher 
station  to  which  we  purpose  calling  him." 

"  On  the  sunny  side  of  forty  he  has  had  wider  experience  of 
affairs  than  most  men  greatly  his  senior.  Vigorous  in  health, 
broad-minded,  clean-handed,  clear-sighted,  stout-hearted,  he  is  well 
equipped  for  the  grave  responsibility  of  the  Chief  Executive  of 
this  great  city.  Alive  to  the  wants  of  a  municipality,  whose  people 
demand  of  their  servants  a  policy  in  keeping  with  the  enlightened 
spirit  of  the  new  decade,  he  will  bring  to  the  office  of  Mayor  the 

aid  of  a  progressive  char- 
acter, and  of  unquestioned 
integrity  and  ability. 

*  *  *  "  Fully  sympa- 
thizing with  all  rightful  de- 
mands for  progress,  his  ad- 
ministration will  be  just  and 
liberal,  and  will  rank  with 
the  ablest  and  best  of  his  pre- 
decessors. He  will  be  found 
responsible  to  the  claims 
that  the  great  corporation 
shall  be  administered  in  the 
interest  of  the  whole  people, 
determined  that  whatever 
executive  ability,  conscien- 
tious performance  of  duty 
can  do,  shall  be  done  to  keep 
this  city  of  homes  in  line 
with  the  foremost  municipal 
progress." 


Edwin  Sydney  Stuart 


GEORGE  DEARDORFF 
McCREARY 

City  ami  County  Treas- 
urer-elect, was  born  at  York 
Springs  Yillage,  A  d  a  m  s 
county,  Pa.,  September  2S, 
1846.  Two  years  subse- 
quently his  parents  moved  to 
Schuylkill  county  where  his 
father  became  an  extensive 
coal  miner  and  accumulated 
a  large  fortune.  His  early 
education  was  obtained  in  the 
schools  of  Tremont.  Tama- 
qua,  and  Mauch  Chunk,  but 
at  the  age  of  fifteen  he  was 
sent  to  Saunders'  Military 
student  in  the  University  of 
He  then  entered  the 


Institute,  and  in  1S64  he  became 
Pennsylvania,  where  he  remained  until  1867 
employ  of  the  Honevbrook  Coal  Company,  of  which  his  father  was 
president,  and  in  1870  became  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Whitney, 
McCrearv  &  Kemmerer,  coal  miners  and  shippers.  In  1S79  he  dis- 
posed of"  his  interest  in  the  business  and  de\oted  himself  to  the 
administration  of  his  father's  estate.  As  its  representative  he  be- 
came a  director  in  the  Upper  Lehigh  Coal  Company,  the  Nescopec 
Coal  Company,  the  Pioneer  Mining  and  Manufacturing  Company 
of  Alabama,  the  Lochiel  Furnace  Company,  and  the  Philadelphia 
Mortgage  and  Trust  Company.  In  1887  lie  organized  the  Market 
Street  National  Bank  and  became  its  first  Vice-President. 

Mr.  McCrcarv's  claims  to  distinction,  however,  do  not  rest 
alone  upon  the  business  ability  he  has  manifested,  but  upon  his 
prominence  in  social  reforms  and  active  sympathy  with  humani- 
tarian movements  to  benefit  his  fellow  men.  He  is  President  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Humane  Society,  organized  to  encourage  by  suitable 
rewards,  acts  of  heroism,  courage  and  charity;  Vice-President  of 
the  Sanitarium  Association  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  Franklin 
Reformatory  Home  ;  Director  of  the  Sheltering  Arms,  Treasurer  of 
the  Philadelphia  Sketch  Club,  and  Trustee  of  the  Sunday  Morning 
Breakfast  Association. 


PHILADELPHIA  AMD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


In  politics  he  has  been  an  Independent  with  Republican  inclin- 
ations. He  has  persistently  refused  several  places  of  honor  and 
profit,  and  very  reluctantly  consented  to  accept  the  nomination  of 
County  Treasurer,  to  which  he  was  recentlv  elected  by  a  hand- 
some majority  over  William  Redwood  Wright. 


WILLIAM  G.  SHIELDS 

Register  of  Wills-elect,  was  born  in  Germantown,  Philadel- 
phia, June  12,  1846.  After  graduating  from  the  Rittenhouse  Grammar 
School  he  entered  the  employ  of  a  florist,  where  he  remained  until 
December  1,  1S70,  when  he  was  appointed  to  the  position  of  Trans- 
cribing Clerk  in  the  Register  of  Wills  office  by  W.  M.  Bunn,  and 
was  retained  by  his  successors  until  18S0,  when  W.  Marshall 
Taylor,  who  had  been  elected  Register,  appointed  him  Deputy 
Register,  a  position  that  he  has  continued  to  hold  through  three 
administrations  to  the  present  time. 

During  the  twenty-one 
years  that  he  has  been  con- 
nected with  the  office  of 
Register  he  has  been  brought 
into  contact  with  a  very  large 
number  of  citizens,  and  has 
impressed  every  one  with  the 
conviction  that  he  is  a  man 
who  knows  his  duty  and 
faithfully  and  courteously 
performs  it.  On  June  30, 
iSSS,  the  patrons  of  the  office, 
including  the  leading  attor- 
neys and  officials  of  the  finan- 
cial institutions  of  Philadel- 
phia, showed  their  apprecia- 
tion of  him  by  presenting 
him  with  a  valuable  chrono- 
meter watch  and  chain  ;  and 
when  his  name  was  men- 
tioned as  a  suitable  person  to 
fill  the  office  of  Register  three 
hundred  lawyers  and  business 
men,  without  his  solicitation 
and  during  his  absence  from 
the  city,  united  in  a  strong 
testimonial  recommending 
his  nomination  and  certify- 
ing that:  "In  recommend- 
ing Mr.  Shields  for  this  posi- 
tion of  honor  and  trust,  we 
feel  that,  owing  to  his  sturdy 
integrity  and  fidelity  to  duty, 
his  courteous  manners  and 
obliging  disposition,  and  his 
thorough  knowledge  of  all 
the  details  connected  with 
the  office,  he  would  make  a 
most  efficient  Register  of 
Wills,  and  be  an  especially 
available  candidate,  particu- 
larly at  this  time,  and  one  whom  every  good  citizen  could  consist- 
ently support."  In  accordance  witli  the  popular  wish  he  was 
nominated  by  the  Republican  party,  and  at  the  election  held  in 
November,  1891,  received  a  majority  of  27,182  over  his  Democratic 
competitor,  and  6,36s  more  than  his  associate  on  the  same  ticket 
for  Countv  Treasurer. 


When  the  office  of  Director  of  Public  Safety  became  vacant  by 
the  resignation  of  its  incumbent  Mayor  Stuart  tendered  the  ap'- 
pointment  to  Mr.  Beitler,  and  he  was 'confirmed  bv  Select  Council 
October  1,  1891.  He  is  now  at  the  head  of  the  Bureau  of  Police,  of 
Fire,  of  Health,  City  Property  and  other  important  bureaus,  and, 
notwithstanding  his  inexperience  in  official  life,  it  is  to  be  hoped 
he  will  be  able  to  discharge  its  duties  with  advantage  to  the  city 
and  credit  to  himself. 


ABRAHAM  M.  BEITLER 

Recently  appointed  Director  of  Public  Safety,  was  born  in 
Philadelphia  July  8,  1853.  His  education  was  obta'ined  in  the  pub- 
lic schools  of  his  native  city,  and  after  graduating  from  the  Central 
High  School  he  entered  the  office  of  C.  Stuart  Patterson,  Esq.,  as  a 
student  of  law,  from  which  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Januarv, 
1S75.  Three  years  subsequently  he  was  appointed  Third  Assistant 
in  the  City  Solicitor's  office,  from  which  he  was  promoted  to  be 
First  Assistant,  a  position  he  held  at  the  time  of  his  appointment  as 
Director.  His  principal  professional  triumph  was  his  argument 
before  the  Supreme  Court  in  regard  to  the  right  of  the  citv  to  com- 
pel passenger  railways  to  repave  the  streets  on  which  their  tracks 
are  laid  with  improved  pavements,  securing  a  decision  in  its  favor. 


JAMES  HAMILTON  W1NDRIM 

Now  Director  of  Public  Works,  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  July 
4,  1S40,  of  Scotch-Irish  parentage.  He  was  admitted  to  Girard 
College  when  nearly  ten  years  of  age  and  remained  in  that  institu- 
tion until  1S56,  when  he  was  indentured  to  John  W.  Torrey  to  learn 
the  profession  of  an  architect. 

Mr.  Torrey  arranged  for  his  admission  into  the  office  of  John 
Notman,  architect,  but  failing  health  necessitated  a  change  to  an 
out-door  employment,  and 
Mr.  Windrim  removed  to 
West  Chester,  where  he 
worked  at  the  carpenter's 
trade  with  Thomas  Batcman. 
After  a  protracted  engage- 
ment he  returned  to  the  citv 
and  resumed  his  connection 
with  Mr.  Notman  as  carpen- 
ter and  draughtsman,  which 
continued  until  after  the 
completion  of  the  Holv  Trin- 
ity Protestant  Episcopal 
Church  built  by  him. 

Mr.  Windrim  was  then 
selected  by  the  late  Hon. 
John  Welsh  as  superintend- 
ent of  works  during  the  erec- 
tion of  the  Hospital  of  the  Pro- 
testant Episcopal  Church,  of 
which  the  late  Samuel  Sloan 
was  architect.  Shortly  after 
opening  an  office  in  the  city 
he  was  tendered  an  engage- 
ment by  the  Pennsylvania 
Railroad  Company  in  connec- 
tion with  the  building  of  the 
Union  Depot  in  Pittsburgh. 
Returning  to  Philadel- 
phia after  four  years  he  again 
opened  an  office  and  his  first 
engagement  was  with  the 
late  John  Rice,  builder,  as 
the  architect  of  Jay  Cooke's 
famous  mansion,  Ogoutz,  fol- 
lowed by  the  original  build- 
ing of  the  Fidelity  Trust 
Company,  the  Fourth  street 
offices  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Railroad  Company,  the  Ma- 
sonic Temple.  Mr.  Windrim's 
great  masterpiece ;  National  Bank  of  Northern  Liberties,  Trades- 
men's National  Bank,  and  many  handsome  residences  of  promi- 
nent citizens.  He  planned  and  built  the  bank  and  office  building 
of  the  National  Safe  Deposit  Company  and  the  Fleming  office 
building  at  Washington,  D.  C,  also  the  new  building  of  the  West- 
ern Saving  Fund  Society  at  Tenth  and  Walnut  streets,  this 
city.  He  was  also  architect  for  a  £75,000  Masonic  Temple  in  Al- 
tooua. 

In  1S71,  the  Board  of  City  Trusts,  realizing  the  necessity  of 
having  an  architect  to  continually  look  after  the  interests  of  the 
estate  in  its  extensive  real  estate  affairs,  recognized  in  Mr.  Windrim 
the  proper  man,  and  he  was  engaged  by  them  as  the  architect  for 
"  The  Girard  Estate."  For  this  Board  he  designed  and  superin- 
tended from  time  to  time  the  erection  of  the  new  buildings  for  the 
Girard  College,  which  gave  the  institution  a  capacity  to  accommo- 
date 1600  pupils.  In  1SS9,  upon  the  recommendation  of  Postmas- 
ter-General Wanamaker,  Mr.  Windrim  was  appointed  by  the  late 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  Supervising  Architect  of  the  United 
States,  a  position  that  he  held  when  Mayor  Stuart  tendered  him 
the  appointment  as  Director  of  Public  Works,  and  he  now  has 
charge  of  the  Bureaus  of  Gas,  Highways,  Lighting,  Surveys,  Street 
Cleaning  and  Water  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia. 


kMES  Hamilton  Windrim 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


GEORGE  SCOTT  GRAHAM 

George  S  Graham,  the  present  efficient  District  Attorney  of  the 
county  of  Philadelphia,  was,  at  the  time  of  his  first  election  to  that 
office '  the  youngest  man  ever  chosen   tor  that  position.     As  Ins 
name'  implies,   lie  is   of  Scotch-Irish   descent.     His   father,  James 
Graham   Was  a  native  of  Ireland,  but  in  early  life  came  to  this 
country  and  at  one  time  was  engaged  in  business  as  a  carpet  manu- 
facturer, and  later  was  a  prominent  grocer      His  mother  was  Sarah 
T     Scott,    the   daughter   of  a    well-to-do    farmer  of  county   Derry, 
Ireland/and  was  a   woman   of  superior  character      Mr.  Graham 
was  born   in   Philadelphia   September   15.    1850,    and   received  his 
early  education  at  the  Jefferson  Grammar  School   on  Fifth   street 
above  Poplar.     Later  he  continued  Ins  studies  under  the  care  and 
direction  of  his  brother  Robert,  then  attending  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  and   now  a   pastor  in .the  Presbyterian  Church      Be- 
tween'the  ages  of  seventeen  and  eighteen  he  entered  the  orhce  of 
Geor"e  W.  Dedricks,  Esq.,  and  began  the  study  of  law      He  sub- 
sequently registered  as  a  student  under  his  present  partner,  John 
Roberts,'  Esq.,   and   after  having 
taken  a  course  in  the  Law  Depart- 
ment of  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania, he  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in    1S70.     He  soon  gained  an 
honorable     recognition     on     the 
part  of  the   public   and    won    lor 
himself    a      desirable     clientage. 
The  political  field  was   his   next 
step,  and  having  a  marked  talent 
as  a  speaker  his   services  were  in 
demand    upon    the    stump.     He 
forged  at  once  to  the  front,  and 
uniting    with     the    Independent 
Republican  element  in   his  ward, 
he     was     nominated     for    Select 
Council,  an  office  lie  succeeded  111 
reaching  after  a  bitterly  contested 
struggle,    in   which   the   old    ring 
element  was  worsted.   His  accom- 
plishments as   a  speaker  and  de- 
bater soon  made  him   a   power  111 
that  branch  of  the  city   govern- 
ment.    He  rose  rapidly   into  no- 
tice and  was  made 'Chairman  ot 
the   Committee    on    Law    and    a 
member  of  the  Finance  Commit- 
tee.     In    1.S77    the    independent 
and  younger  clement  of  his  party 
urged  him  for  the  nomination  of 
District   Attorney,    but    so    great 
was    the    factional  feeling  in   the 
convention    that    a    compromise 
candidate  was  selected.    The  com- 
promise did  not  1-eal  the  breach. 
and  a  Democrat   was   elected    to 
the  office.     In  1SS0  the   factional 
spirit  having  in  a  great  measure 
disappeared,  he  became  the  unan- 
imous choice  of  his  party  for  the 

District  Attorneyship,  and  was  elected  to  that  office  by  a  large 
majority  From"  that  time  to  this  he  has  held  the  office  without 
interruption,  and  bv  reason  of  his  faithful  discharge  ot  the  duties 
of  the  position  he  lias  been  twice  made  the  joint  nominee  ot  the 
Republican  and  Democratic  parties  for  re-election.  At  the  last 
contest  he  was  opposed  by  a  strong  Democrat,  whom  he  defeated 
bv  an  overwhelming  majority.  Mr.  Graham  was  married  Decem- 
ber "o  1S70,  to  Miss  Emma  M.  Ellis,  a  daughter  of  Chas.  Ellis,  and 
they  have  two  children  living.  He  is  an  elder  in  the  Presbyterian 
Church  at  Broad  and  Oxford  streets  and  is  Superintendent  ot  the 
Sunday  School.  He  is  a  prominent  member  ot  the  Masonic  Fra- 
ternity having  been  an  officer  in  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  State  for 
several  years,  as  well  as  in  Corinthian  Royal  Arch  Chapter.  Xo.  20, 
and  is  a'Past  Grand  Commander  of  Knights  Templar  ot  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  is  a  member  of  the  Union  League,  the  Five  O  clock 
Club  and  other  social  and  political  organizations.  _ 

In  February  of  18S9  Lafayette  College,  at  Easton,  conferred  on 
him  the  honorary  degree  of  Doctor  of  Law.  . 

He  is  also  Professor  of  Criminal  Law  and  Procedure  in  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania. 

•'  \ffcctionate  and  generous  as  a  husband  and  lather,  warm  ami 
loyal  in  his  friendships, he  is  beloved  bv  all  those  who  know  mm  well, 
and  is  in  the  fullest  acceptation  of  the  term  a  Christian  gentleman. 


JOHN  LIPPINCOTT  K1NSEY 

Now  First  Assistant  District  Attorney,  was  born  August  29,  1846, 
in   Philadelphia,   where   his   father,   William   Kinsey,   was  a  well- 
known    leather    merchant.     Though    not   a    college    graduate    he 
received    a    liberal    education    in    select    seminaries    and   attained 
considerable  proficiency  under  private  tutors  in  the  acquisition  ot 
the  Latin  and  Greek  languages.     Having  determined  to  adopt  the 
law  as  his  profession,  he  was  registered  as  a  student  in  the  office  of 
Albert  S.  Letchworth,  Esq.,  and  admitted  to  the  bar  October,  1S72. 
The  inclination  of  his  mind  was  towards  equity  law  and  the  niceties 
of  pleading,   and  during  his  early  career  at  the  bar  he   seldom 
appeared  in  a  criminal  court  execp't  in  a  few  noted  homicide  cases. 
When  Mr.  Graham  became  prosecutor  of  the   pleas  he  invited  Mr. 
Kinsey  to   be  his  third  assistant,  having  in   charge  especially  the 
drawing  of  indictments,  which  in  many  instances  demands  great 
care    skill  and  accuracy.     It   is   the   favorite  tactics  of  counsel   for 
the  defense  in  criminal  cases  to  attack  the  bill  of  indictment  and  a 
flaw  in  the  indictment  has  often  resulted  in  the  discharge  of  notori- 
ous  offenders.     Mr.     Kinsey    ac- 
cepted   the    invitation    and    dis- 
charged the  duties  of  the  office 
so  faithfully  and  well  that  he  has 
since  been  promoted  to  be  First 
Assistant  District  Attorney. 

Mr.  Kinsey  was  a  Republican 
before  he  was  of  age  and  has 
represented  the  party  in  many 
citv  ami  county  conventions.  In 
1SS2  he  was  its  nominee  for  Reg- 
ister of  Wills,  but  through  politi- 
cal combinations  and  the  action 
of  the  Committee  of  One  Hun- 
dred, he  failed  of  election,  though 
the  majority  of  his  opponent  was 
only  576.  He  has  also  taken  great 
interest  in  the  public  schools  and 
has  been  a  member  of  the  Board 
of  Public  Education  for  several 
years.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Union  League  and  the  Historical 
Society.  In  private  life  he  is 
essentially  domestic  and  spends 
the  greater  portion  of  his  leisure 
time  111  his  elegant  library  which 
is  said  to  contain  5000  volumes. 

He  married  Miss  Bellas, 
daughter  of  Thomas  Bellas,  firm 
of  Craig  ei  Bellas. 

JOHN  TAYLOR 

Receiver  of  Taxes  lor  the 
Citv.  was  born  May  3,  1S40.  in 
the' old  district  of  Spring  Garden. 
When  three  years  of  age  his  par- 
ents moved  into  the  old  city 
John  Taylor  proper,  in  that  part  now  known 

as  the  Seventh  Ward.  He  attended  the  Southwest  Grammar  School 
until  thirteen  vears  of  age.  when  he  found  employment  with  Cum- 
min.'s  &  Co  at  that  time  a  well-known  business  house  011  South 
Third  street.'  He  entered  the  army  on  May  27,  1S61.  as  Sergeant 
of  Company  E.  2d  Pennsylvania  Reserve  Corps  commanded  by 
Colonel  William  B.  Mann,  and  was  mustered  out  of  service  as  Cap- 
tain March  4.  1S65,  having  been  successively  promoted  to  Orderly 
Sergeant  and  Lieutenant  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
field.  He  participated  in  the  following  we H-kiiovvn  battles  of  the 
Rebellion  ;P  Drainsville.  Mechanicsville  Cold  Harbor  Savage  Sta- 
tion, Gaines' Mills  (as  Sergeant  commanding  Company  ),^\Tiite  Oak 
Swamps,  Malvern  Hill,  Second  Bull  Run,  South  Mountain  A  e- 
tam,  Fredericksburg  (where  he  was  twice  woundedL  Gettysburg, 
Mine  Run  and  the  Wilderness.  lie  was  wounded  and  taken  prisoner 
Mav  5,  1S64,  and  imprisoned  at  Lvuchburg  Danville,  Macon, 
Savannah,  Charleston,  Columbia.  Raleigh  and  Yv  ilmmgton.  He  was 
released  a  the  latter  place  0,1  March  1.  1S65.  After  being  mustered 
out  of  active  service  he  entered  the  Quarter  Master  General  s 
Department  of  the  Regular  Army,  and  remained  1.1  that  position 
until  1S70,  when  he  returned  to  Philadelphia.  In  1871  he  em- 
barked in  the  insurance  business.  He  is  a  prominent  meinfe-rf 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  and  has  served  as  Post  Com- 
mander   State   Department  Commander,   and  has    been   Quarter 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPIIIAXS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


Master  General  of  the  National  Department  since  1881.  He  repre- 
sented the  Thirty-first  Ward  in  the  lower  branch  of  Councils  in 
1881  and  1882. 

In  January,  1SS9,  Captain  Taylor  was  unanimously  nominated 
by  the  Republican  Convention  in  Philadelphia  as  a  candidate  for 
Receiver  of  Taxes,  and  was  elected,  receiving  a  majority  of  40,000 
votes. 


CHARLES   F.  WARWICK 

City  Solicitor  for  Philadelphia,  was  born  in  this  citv  February 
14,  1850.     He  read   law   in   the  office  of  that  distinguished  lawyer, 
E.  Spencer  Miller,  and  later  he  entered  the  Taw  Department  of' the 
University  of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1S73. 
He  early  displayed  a  natural  aptitude  for  politics,  and  before   he 
had  attained  his  majority  was  well  versed  on  all  the  great  questions 
of  the  day.     In  1S75,  when  Gov.  Hartranft  was  a  candidate  for  the 
second  term   for  Gubernatorial    honors,   he   was  requested  by  the 
Governor's  political  managers 
to  take  the  "  stump  "  in  his  be- 
half, which  he  did,  his  speeches 
being  notably  strong  and  in- 
fluencing.   That  was  his  intro- 
duction  as   a   public   political 
speaker ;  and  since  then  he  has 
actively  participated   in   every 
important     canvass,    showing 
rare    powers    in     that    line    of 
oratory.     During    the    Blaine 
campaign    he    was    called    to 
Ohio  and   Indiana,  and  his  ad- 
dresses were  considered  among 
the  strongest,  most  convincing 
heard  in  these  States  for  many 
a   day.     One  of   the    Western 
papers,  commenting  upon   his 
work    on     the    stump,     said  : 
"  His  language  was  bright  witli 
metaphor  ;  his  argument  iron- 
clad with  logic  ;    his  voice  in- 
spiring, and    he   entered    into 
the  spirit    of   his    discussions 
with  an  enthusiasm  and  vigor 
that   carries   conviction." 
When  George  S.  Graham  was 
elected    District    Attorney    he 
determined   to  surround   him- 
self   witli    young,    active    and 
able  attorneys  as  his  assistants, 
anil  called   Mr.  Warwick  from 
his  lesser  sphere  and  made  him 
one  of  his  assistant  prosecutors 
of    the   Common    Pleas.      Mr. 
Warwick  displayed  rare  ability 
anil  attained   great  success  in 
his  wider  field  and  personally 
managed  a  number  of  import- 
ant  cases.      In    1S84     he    was 
nominated  for  the  office  of  City  Solicitor,   and  after  one  of  the 
hardest  fought  political  battles  ever  waged  in  this  city,  was  elected 
by  a  majority  of  about   14,000,  running  5,000  ahead   of  his  ticket. 
He  was  re-elected  to  the  same  office  in  1887  by  a  majority  of  38,000. 
While  in  office  he  has  argued  some  of  the  most  important  questions 
that  have  ever  come  before  the  Courts  in  relation  to  municipal  law, 
and  has  successfully  tried  a  number  of  very  important  cases,  among 
which  have  been  the  five-cent  street  car  fare,  the  gas  trust  inquiry 
suit,  and  many   others.     Other  cases   with    which   he  was  promi- 
nently connected  were   the   engrossing  by  him   of  the   Bullitt  Bill, 
the  sewerage  road  law  ;   and  he   passed  upon  the  bills  authorizing 
the  building  of  the  Belt  Line  and  Philadelphia  &  Reading  Terminal 
Railroads.     At  present  he  is  engaged  with   the  city's  law  depart- 
ment in  trying  to  unravel  the  tangled  skein  formed  by  the  Key- 
stone Bank-City  Treasurer  John  Bardsley  combination. 


under  William  Henry  Rawlc,  Esq.  He  passed  his  examination 
and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  on  May  25,  1872.  He  at  once  entered 
actively  upon  the  practice  of  his  profession,  and  in  November,  1875, 
was  offered  the  position  of  First  Assistant  United  States  Attorney 
by  John  K.  Valentine,  Esq.  Mr.  McMichael  declined,  however, 
preferring  civil  to  criminal  practice.  In  18S1,  he  was  appointed 
Solicitor  of  the  Guardians  of  the  Poor.  This  position  he  held  for 
about  two  years,  and  he  was  then  promoted  and  given  charge  of 
the  preparation  and  trial  of  all  cases  to  which  the  City  of  Philadel- 
phia was  a  party  brought  in  Court  of  Pleas  No.  2.'  By  gradual 
promotion  he  has  attained  the  position  of  Second  Assistant  City 
Solicitor,  and  has  had  under  his  supervision  a  large  amount  of 
litigation,  including  the  preparation  and  trial  of  suits  both  at  law 
and  equity  in  the  Courts  of  Common  Pleas,  and  he  has  argued  in 
the  Supreme  Court  very  many  important  causes  involving  the 
rights  of  the  municipality.  Mr.  McMichael  has  published  a  Digest 
of  the  Statutes  and  adjudicated  cases  relating  to  the  Municipal 
Law  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  and  his  literarv  work  has  also 
included  other  critical  articles  upon  legal  subjects.  Besides  his  pro- 
fessional duties  with  the  Law 
Department,  Mr.  McMichael 
has  had  a  large  mercantile  and 
corporation  practice.  He  is  the 
counsel  for  several  banks,  trust 
companies  and  large  business 
houses.  He  is  a  hard  worker, 
a  zealous  advocate,  and  has 
had  a  large  measure  of  success 
iu  the  trial  of  cases. 

In  politics  he  has  alwavs 
been  a  Republican,  and  al- 
though taking  an  active  part 
iu  politics,  lie  lias  never  sought 
office. 


Charles  Barnsley  McMichael. 


NORRIS  S.  BARRATT 

Son  of  the  late  Mary  Irvine 
and  James  Barratt,  jr..  was 
born  in  the  city  of  Philadel- 
phia, on  the  23d  day  of  August, 
1862.  Educated  at  private  and 
public  schools.  Studied  law 
with  Louis  C.  Massey,  Esq., 
and  was  admitted  to  the  liar 
December  1,  1SS3,  and  is  now 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  his 
profession.  He  was  appointed 
Assistant  City  Solicitor  by 
Charles  F.  Warwick,  City  So~- 
licitor,  April,  1S90,  anil  as- 
signed as  Solicitor  of  the  Bu- 
reau of  Building  Inspectors, 
which  position  he  now  holds. 
He  is  a  Republican  in  politics 
and  has  for  several  years  taken 
an  active  part  in  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Ward,  in  which  he 
resides,  as  a  member  of  the  Republican  Executive  Committee.  He 
is  a  prominent  member  of  the  "Young  Republicans,"  and  has 
been  one  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  that  organization  since  1SS9. 
He  is  an  Honorary  member  of  the  Iona  Boat  Club  of  the  Schuvlkill 
Navy  and  was  its  President  in  1SS3.  On  July  15,  1SS9,  lie  was 
elected  an  Honorary  member  of  the  Tippecanoe  Veteran  Club 
No.  1,  of  Philadelphia.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
fraternity,  belonging  to  Lodge  No.  2,  Philadelphia,  and  Oriental 
Ro\-al  Arch  Chapter  No.  183,  as  well  as  a  member  of  the  "Law- 
Association"  and  "The  Historical  Societv  of  Penusvlvauia." 


CHARLES  BARNSLEY  MCMICHAEL 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  February  23,  1850.  He  is  the 
youngest  sou  of  Morton  McMichael,  who  was  Sheriff,  and  after- 
wards Mayor  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia.  He  graduated  at  Harvard 
College   in  June,   1S70,   and  immediately  began  the  study  of  law 


THOMAS  GREEN 

Now  Recorder  of  Deeds,  was  born  in  Frankford,  October  20, 
1S32.  He  is  of  Scotch-English  descent,  his  father  having  come  from 
England  and  his  mother  being  a  Scotch  lady  whose  maiden  name 
was  Christiana  Anderson.  After  having  obtained  a  fair  education 
in  the  public  schools  of  Frankford,  especially  the  Marshall  Gram- 
mar School,  and  at  pay-schools,  he  learned  the  moulder's  trade  in 
the  famous  establishment  of  Alfred  Jenks  &  Son  and  subsequentlv 
formed  a  partnership  with  James  Sineham  under  the  firm  name  of 
Green  &  Sineham,  which  still  continues,  they  being  the  proprietors 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA NS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


of  the  Union  Iron  Foundry  in  Frankford,  where  machine  castings  of 

every  description  are  made  to  order,  loam  castings  being  a  specialty  . 

X  Green  has  always  been  a  Republican  m  politics    and  his 

first  production  into  public  life  was  as  a  member  of  Select  toun.nl, 
to  which  he  was  elected  in  February,  l8bo,  defeating  John  BL 
Reading  a  Democrat,  by  a  vote  of  2,620  to  1,056.  His  course  in 
Coundf  was  so  satisfactory  to  Ins  constituents  that  they  rc-dectoi 
hh  aim  and  again,  until  he  voluntarily  resigned  to  take  his 
present  position  *  He  was  placed  on  almost  all  the  most  important 
committees,  and  was  one  of  the  few  members  that  were  always 
present  at  the  committee's  meeting.  He  was  an  able  and  earnest 
advocate  of  better  means  for  rapid  transit,  and,  as  the  resolutions 
which  lie  Select  Council  unanimously  passed  on  his  retirement 
expressed  it,  "zealous  in  all  matters  looking  to  the  prosperity  and 
Sest  good  of  the  entire  municipality."  In  November  1890 
Mr  Green  was  elected  Recorder  of  Deeds  by  a  plurality  vote  of 
S!o4o  being  the  largest  plurality  vote  received  by  any  candidate 
at  the  State  election. 

H.  P.  CONNELL 

The  high  esteem  in  which  Horatio  P.Connell,  Sheriff  of  rhila- 
delph  bounty,  is  held  by  its  citizens.,  is  shown  in  the  enormous 
vote  bv  which  he  was  elected  to  his  responsible  position  In 
round  'fvnires  lie  polled  iis.ooo  votes,  which  was  largely  in 
excess  of  those  received  by  any  other  candidate  at  that  election 
Air  Council  is  a  native  of  Allegheny  county,  this  State,  where 
he  was  l.orn  October  30,  1S40.  "During  his  boyhood  career  he 
atte  .Vied  tie  public  schools  of  his  native  place,  and  ater  upon 
'the  removal  of  his  parents  to  Philadelphia,  pursued  his  studies 
the  ublic  schools  of  this  citv.  He  afterwards  took  up  the 
t„dv  o ?CivS  Engineering  and  Surveying,  and  his  P^™ 
career  in  this  city  was  one  of  marked  success.  He  ably  filled ^  for 
manv  years  tfie  position  of  surveyor  and  secretary  of  Hie  Mount 
Voriah  Cemetery  Association,  and  continues  111  that  important  po- 
sk ion  t.,-dav.  He  was  appointed  Sergeunt-at-Arms  o  the  Semite 
of  1'eiiusvlvauia.  and  served  1.1  that  capacity  in  1881-82.  I  «asl  e 
first  H.blic  recognition  of  the  valuable  services  he  had  render jed  he 
Republican  party.  In  1SS3,  he  was  awarded  alio  her  honor  by  be 
in-  elected  a  member  of  the  House  ot  Representatives  He  was  re 
elected  in  1885,  and  again  in  1887.  As  a  legislator-,,  Mr.  Councl  > 
reconl  is  ""bout  a  single  blot,  and  he  served  the  interests  oe 
State  1.1  an  able,  impartial  manner,  supporting  the  right  and  using 
hs  every  endeavor  to  defeat  the  wrong.  His ;  steadfast  a  teiition  to 
tie  duties  of  the  office  won  for  him  the  confidence  of  the  public 
ot  only  ...  Ins  own  party,  but  of  the  Democratic,  and  when.  ...  No- 
vember ,890.  he  appeared  as  the  Republican  candu  a e ^for  sheriff 
he  was  elected  by  an  overwhelming  majority.  He  has  tilled  the  or 
fice  with  ability  Jsince  the  first  Monday  of  January,  1S91,  and  is  held 
in  high  esteem' as  an  able,  honest  aud  fearless  official. 


which  thev  are  deposited  in  the  office,  he  has  discouraged  the  filing 
of  caveats' to  wills  for  trivial  causes,  he  has  adopted  a  new  system 
ol  ippraisemeut  bv  which  the  State  will  be  greatly  benefited  1.1  in- 
creased revenues  from  decedents'  estates;  and  being  ex-ofncio  Clerk 
of  the  Orphan's  Court  he  has  taken  measures  to  rearrange,  protect 
and  preserve  the  important  papers  on  file  in  this  court,  and  how  vast 
their  number  may  be  gleaned  from  the  fact  that  2400  hie  boxes  arc 
required  to  contain  them.  Mr.  Gratz  is  a  young  man  but  he  has  made 
his  mark. 


SAMUEL  H.  ASHBR1DGE 

Now  Coroner  for  the  Citv  and  County  of  Philadelphia,  was 
born  in  New  Jersey,  December  5,  1849-  He  is  of  Quaker  parentage 
and  is  descended  from  a  family  whose  settlement  in  this  country 
antedates,  it  is  said,  the  arrival  of  Wm.  Penn.  He  was  brought  to 
Philadelphia  at  an  early  age  and  was  educated  111  its  public  schools. 
When  he  was  fifteen  lie  left  school  and  entered  the  office  of  a  coal 
merchant,  where  he  remained  until  he  was  o  age,  when  he  em- 
barked in  the  business  for  his  own  account,  with  varying  success  for 
several  vears.  When  Mr.  Powers  was  appointed  Coroner  b  t He 
Governor,  to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of  Dr.  Gilbert  deceased,  he 
appointed  Mr.  Ashbridge  his  Deputy,  and  when  Drjanney  became 
Coroner  111  1S82,  he  appointed  him  his  chief  clerk.  In  1SS3  Mr 
Powers  was  elected  Coroner  by  the  people  and  lie  agam  appointed 
Mr  Ashbridge  his  Deputy,  a  position  that  he  held  until  he  himself 
was  elected  Coroner  in  .886.  He  discharged  the  duties  o.  tlic  office 
si;  acceptably  that  on  the  expiration  of  his  first  term  ...  .8  89  he 
was  honored   with  a   unanimous   nomination   and   election   tor   a 

second  term.  .  .        _,<-,,-  ,,.,,, ,„r  ;„ 

Durin-  his  long  connection  with  the  duties  of  a  Coroner  111 
Philadelphia,  Mr.  Ashbridge  has  acquired  an  experience  Ww 
men  possess.  He  has  been  particularly  successful  111  investigating 
the  causes  of  mysterious  deaths,  and  has  unearthed  many  hidden 
crimes.  He  holds  in  his  keeping  secrets  affecting  the  honor  o 
pronnnent  families  an.l  professional  men.  which  u  revealed 
would  create  astonishment  and  consternation  throughout  societ}. 
Possess!,,.,  a  broad  intelligence  and  a  high  sc.se  ot  honor  he  has 
discharged  the  judicial  duties  pertaining  to  the  olhcc  with  esccp- 

^ttSSv^STSSfc-cd  a  fondness  .for  the  excitement 
incidental  to  political  life  and  allied  himself  with  -.he  kep  - 
can  party.  He  has  presided  at  many  of  its  meetings  and  con  cut  oils 
a,  of late  vears  has  developed  a  talent  lor  oratory  that  has  nude 
'his  -,erv,cc4  in  -real  demand  1,1  elect,..,,  campaigns.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Union  Republican  Club.  Auti-Cobden  Club  .,,,.1 
of  twentv-threc  fraternal  Orders  aud  Associations. 


ALFRED  GRATZ 

Now  Register  of  Wills  for  the  City  of  Philadelphia  was  horn  in 
this  citv.  February  ,7.  1854.  He  ,s  the  son  of  Edward  .ral 1. > 
accumulated  large  wealth  as  a  wholesale  grocer,  having  Ills,  principal 
store  at  Seventh  and  Market  streets  (where  the  Declaration  ot  Inde- 
pendence is  said  to  have  been  penned),  and  invested  it  m  improved 
property,  founding  what  is  well  known  to  conveyancers  as  the 
lrat?  Estate  "  He  received  a  fair  education  111  private  schools  but 
his  father  dving  while  he  was  yet  a  lad  he  gave  up  school  and 
d  reeled  Ins  attention  to  business,  being  engaged  lor  a  tunc  as  a  tea 
merchant  In  1880  he  was  appointed  a  Real  Estate  Assessor  and 
serve  such  for  eight  vears.     In  the  fall  of  iSSS   he  was  nomin- 

ated bv  the   Republicans   for    Register  of  Wills  and  elected  b>    a 

"""^"^rair^accredited  with  having  proved  to  be  one  of  the 
best  Re'-isters  of  Wills  Philadelphia  has  ever  had.  The  ofUec  being 
partly  aludicial  one  his  decisions  in  disputed  will  cases  have  been 
Faifand  rarely,  if  ever,  overruled  by  the  Probate  Court.  X  hen 
Mr  Gratz  assumed  charge  of  the  department  in  Januan,  ibbg,  he 
found  a  svsten.  in  operation  the  same  as  when  the  firs  will  was 
probated  "111  16S3  and  he  has  introduced  so  many  improvements  that 
^•e  have  not  space  to  allude  to  any  but  a  few  °f  tlie  more  important 
He  has  bad  the  old  records  which  by  constant  handling  had  become 
nearly  valueless  rearrange,!,  rebound  and  reindexed,  the  indexes 
comprising  26  volumes;  he  has  had  the  old  documents  overhauled 
an  Id  covcredalar.,.ea,nouutofdelin<pientcollatera  ..iher.tant  ax, 
w  ,"s  never  outlawed,  due  to  the  State.    He  has  directed that jaU 

documents  shall  be  transcribed  as  lar  us  possible  0.1  the  d.n    upon 


JAMES   W.  LATTA 

Clerk  of  Ouarter  Sessions.  Citv  of  Philadelphia,  was  born 
\pril  IQth.  IS3?,  in  Philadelphia.  His  lather  was  John  E.  ...  1  a 
wo  leceased'.u  .S6S.  a  well-known  lawyer,  who  had  been  Solicitor 
of  die  Tax  Department  and  under  Postmaster  Taylor  was  Clue 
Clerk      His  mother  was  a  Bartlett,  whose  family  were  well  known 

"  °  «"ea3 tutat^s  educated  in  the  common  schools  and  gradu- 
ated from  the  Central  High  School  B.  A  ...  ib56  He  >  tidied  Ltw 
-,,,  1,;=  r.,fi,„r  -oid  in  the  office  o  the  Hon.  Wm.  A.  tierce,  who 
w^  iferw  rd  J  dgc of  the  Common  Picas,  Philadelphia.  He  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  April  19th,  i860,  when  twenty-one  yearso  age 
He  e'u  tne  practice  o.law  in  IMiiladelphia  winch  hecout.nuedm 
1S62  On  the  .Qth  of  April,  1S61,  he  enlisted  as  a  private  1  Com- 
panvD  Gav  Reserves. 'now  the  Sth  Regiment,  National  Guards, 
Pa  On  the  °A  of  Aivust,  1862,  he  was  commissioned  2nd  Lieuten- 
ant in  Co  npa,  C  1.9th  Pennsylvania  Volunteers.  September 
""tl     .862,  L  was  commissioned  tst  Lieiite r unit  ^mp.uy  L      W    s 

a^ntine^^^ 

ordered  to  the  4th  Division  ot  the  Cavalry  Corps  ot  tlic  Jin u.irs 
Snck^Blnt^to'Ma^ro,  At  the  close  of  the  war  he^as 
SS3SS  >SZS^SSS^£tt  -  auty 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


until  January,  1866,  when  he  was  honorablv  mustered  out  of  service. 
He  was  offered  and  declined  a  commission  as  First  Lieutenant,  6th 
U.  S.  Infantry. 

In  1S64  he  was  successively  brevetted  Major  and  Lieutenant 
Colonel  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  battle.  His  services 
covered  the  whole  extent  of  the  United  States,  an  incident  unusual 
in  the  Volunteer  service. 

After  muster  out  he  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Philadelphia 
and  also  his  connection  with  the  1st  Regiment  Peunsvlvania  National 
Guards.  In  186S  he  was  commissioned  Colonel  of  the  Regiment 
and  after  four  years  of  service  was  promoted  by  Governor  Hart- 
ranft  to  Adjutant  General  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  which 
position  he  held  under  Governors  Hartranft  and  Hovt. 

He  was  appointed  Commander  of  the  G.  A.  R.,' State  of  Penn- 
sylvania, in  the  Centennial  year,  and  Master  of  Philadelphia  Lodge 
No.  72,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.  He  is  a  member  of  Post  No.  2,  G.  A.  R., 
and  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  Commauderv,  Militarv  Order  of 
the  Loyal  Legion.  He  was  the  first  Secretary  of  the  Civic  Service 
Board  under  the  operation  of  the  Bullitt  Bill,  which  position  he 
resigned  to  accept  his  present 
position  as  Clerk  of  Quarter 
Sessions,  to  which  he  was 
elected  in  November,  1889. 
He  has  been  an  active  member 
of  the  L'nion  League  since 
1S66. 

He  married  Miss  Susan 
Evre  Withers,  daughter  of 
Hanson  L.  Withers,  of  the  firm 
of  Dale,  Ross  &  Withers,  a 
well-known  Market  street  silk 
house. 


RICHARD   PELTZ 


Who  for  more  than  ten 
years  has  been  Deputy  Clerk 
of  the  Quarter  Sessions,  was 
born  in  Philadelphia,  July  11, 
1832.  After  having  been  a 
pupil  in  the  Central  High 
School,  which  he  left  on  the 
death  of  his  father,  he  entered 
the  store  of  Henry  A.  Bower, 
at  Sixth  and  Green  streets,  to 
learn  the  retail  drug  business, 
and  remained  with  him  until 
he  attained  his  majority.  His 
introduction  into  public  life 
began  by  his  capturing  a  clerk- 
ship in  "the  Tax  Office  in  1S54, 
which  he  filled  so  acceptably 
for  a  number  of  years,  that  in 
1S66  he  was  elected  Receiver 
of  Taxes.  In  186S  he  was  a 
candidate  for  re-election,  and 
though  the  certificate  of  elec- 
tion was  given  to  his  oppo- 
nent, Mr.  Malloy,  he  established  his  claim  to  the  office  after  a 
contest  and  held  it  until  1S71.  Four  years  later  he  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  Common  Council  from  the  Twenty-fourth  Ward 
and  served  for  two  terms.  In  1880,  Mr.  William  R.  Leeds  be- 
came Clerk  of  the  Courts,  by  appointment  of  the  Governor,  to  fill 
the  unexpired  term  of  Geo.  Truman  deceased,  and  Mr.  Pelt?,  was 
selected  as  the  Chief  Deputy,  a  position  for  which  he  has  displayed 
such  superior  qualifications  that  he  has  held  it  through  all  changes 
of  administration  until  the  present  time.  Since  May,  1S72,  he  has 
also  been  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Public  Building  Commissioners 
having  charge  of  the  erection  of  the  New  City  Hail. 

When  the  Confederate  forces  invaded  the  State  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1S63,  Mr.  Peltz  enlisted  for  the  emergency  in  the  First  Regiment 
Gray  Reserves,  and  served  in  the  campaign  which  succeeded  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg,  until  General  Lee's  army  was  driven  across 
the  Potomac. 


*muel  Light 


moved  to  this  city  in  1S21,  and  at  an  early  age  young  Mann  became 
his  father's  assistant.  But  having  fixed  upon  the  law  as  his  voca- 
tion, he  entered  the  office  of  the  Hon.  Charles  Navlor,  and  in  1S3S, 
was  admitted  to  the  Bar  at  the  age  of  twenty-two.  He  began 
practice  in  the  Northern  Liberties.  Politics  and  law  were  con- 
temporaneous with  him.  His  first  support  was  given  to  the  Whig 
party. 

In  1S50  he  received  his  first  appointment  to  public  office,  Assist- 
ant District  Attorney  to  Win.  B.  Reed,  Esq.,  and  from  that  time  for- 
ward for  twenty-one  years,  he  gave  his  attention  almost  exclusively 
to  the  practice  of  criminal  law  in  which  he  stands  among  the  heads 
of  the  profession.  He  was  connected  while  Assistant  District 
Attorney  with  the  celebrated  habeas corpu s  case  of  Passmore  William- 
son tried  for  assisting  slaves.  In  1856  he  became  the  Whig  candi- 
date for  District  Attorney,  and  after  a  tedious  litigation  of  seven 
months  was  placed  in  the  office  from  which  for  fifteen  years  his 
political  opponents  could  not  remove  him.  Upon  the  organization 
of  the  Republican  party  he  espoused  its  doctrines. 

In  1S60,  he  was  a  delegate  to  the  Chicago  Convention  and 
assisted  materially  in  the  nom- 
ination of  Abraham  Lincoln. 
When  the  war  became  inevita- 
ble he  determined  to  lend  his 
efforts  to  crush  force  by  force. 
He  was  active  in  the  encour- 
agement of  enlistments  and 
formation  of  regiments.  In  the 
outset  he  had  determined  to 
organize  a  regiment,  though 
not  with  the  intention  of  re- 
maining permanently  in  the 
field,  believing  that  his  best 
exertions  for  the  countrv's 
welfare  could  lie  rendered  "at 
home.  Elected  Colonel  of  the 
companies  of  Philadelphia,  for 
the  reserve  corps,  and  organ- 
ized as  a  regiment  at  Camp 
Washington,  he  placed  his 
regiment  in  the  field,  and  when 
in  the  fall  of  1861  the  armv 
retired  into  winter  quarters  he 
resigned  his  command  and  re- 
turned to  civic  life.  In  1862  he 
was  elected  District  Attorney 
and  again  in  1865.  In  186S  lie 
declined  the  nomination  but 
in  1871  was  again  nominated 
and  ejected  to  the  office.  For 
the  period  of  twenty-one  vears 
his  life  had  been  one  of  unre- 
mitting care  in  that  office.  In 
1874  the  Judges  of  the  Com- 
mon Pleas  appointed  Mr.  Mann 
Prothonotary,  which  office  he 
has  since  held  and  managed 
with  great  ability.  Col.  Mann 
FOOT  Smedley  married    the    choice    of   his 

youth,  and  on  April  15,  1SS9, 
celebrated  their  golden  wedding.  His  son,  Charles  Naylor  Mann, 
is  a  member  of  the  Bar,  and  his  assistant. 


COL.  WILLIAM  B.  MANN 

Prothonotary  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  was  born  at  Mt. 
Holly,  N.  J.,  Oct.  27,  1S16.  His  father,  Rev.  William  Maun,  was 
widely  known  and  respected  in  Philadelphia,  as  a  teacher.      He  re- 


CHARLES  B.  ROBERTS 

First  Deputy  Prothonotary  of  the  Common  Pleas  Courts,  was 
born  in  Philadelphia,  February  16,  1859.  After  receiving  a  fair 
education  in  the  schools  of  his  native  city,  he  was  registered  a 
student  of  law  in  the  office  of  John  Mclntyre,  Esq.,  and  admitted 
to  the  bar  December  5,  1S60.  For  several  years  he  devoted  his 
attention  to  Conveyancing  and  mastering  the  intricacies  of  Real 
Estate  law,  but  when  Tames  McManus  became  the  Prothonotary  of 
the  District  Court  of  Philadelphia,  December  1,  1S66,  he  appointed 
Mr.  Roberts  to  a  clerkship  in  the  office.  He  remained  first  clerk 
of  the  Prothonotary's  office  of  the  District  Courts,  until  December 
1S75,  when,  under  the  new  Constitution  of  1874,  the  District  Court 
expired  and  the  whole  court  business  of  the  county  was  concen- 
trated in  four  courts  of  Common  Pleas  with  one  Prothonotary  for 
all.  Col.  Win.  B.  Mann  became  the  first  Prothonotary  and  he 
appointed  Mr.  Roberts  his  First  Deputy,  a  position  he  has  held  by 
successive  appointments  to  the  present  time.  Col.  Mann,  who  has 
known  him  long  and  well,  thus  speaks  of  him. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


"Dunne  his  Ion-  service  he  lias  obtained  a  vast  amount  of 
S    he  practice  of  the  law  and  of  the  minutest  details  of 
knowledge  ol  .tneP™c""    ffi  His  duties  bring  him  into  direct 

the  who c .business of  ^he  off.  His  rf  ^       J^        who  havc 

intercourse  witn  tuc  <u.u  ,  ,  inteeritv.     His  manners 

^'^t^reeaU  tSSfin,,,  and  he  is 
are  polite  •»«u-^ame  an  immense  amount  of  business  of  such  a 
aWC  V^iaractt'       to  excite  Uie  admiration  of  those  who  throng 

intimately    co-ersant    byta™^ £  ™  ^  tQ  lt 

Fra  !nCunu  ua^ases  i  1  under  his  guidance  prevent  themselves 
£mgo ^r  His life  lias  for  many  =  J^^ 
gZ^  &?S2£  charier  integrity,  or  endeared  himself 
to  a  larger  circle  of  friends  and  acquaintances. 


CHARLES   NAYLOR   MANN 


Eldest  son  of  Hon.William 
B     Mann,    and    now    Deputy 
Prothonotarv  of  the  Common 
Tleas     was  born   in    Philadel- 
phia. February  14,  i«40.     His 
primary    education     was     ob- 
tained "in  the  public  schools  of 
his    native   citv,  and    finished 
bv  a  classical  course  under  the 
tuition  of  his  grandfather,  the 
Rev     William    Mann,   one   ot 
the    foremost   teachers   of   lus 
dav       He  then    entered    upon 
the   studv   of   the    law    in    the 
office  of  Charles  E.  Lex,  Esq., 
and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar 
Tune   3d,  1S63.     When  Charles 
H    T    Col  lis  became  City  So- 
licitor he  appointed  Mr.  Mann 
as  his  Assistant,  an  office  that 
he   held  until  the  end  of  that 
.rcntlcmau's    term,    when    he 
'resumed  his  private  practice. 
r„     [SS3     he     was    appointed 
Deputy    Prothonotarv    of   the 
Court*  of   Common    Pleas,   a 
position  that   he   has  held   to 
the  present  time  with  unvary- 
ing satisfaction    to   the   Bench 
and  the  Bar. 

While  Mr.  Mann  s  profes- 
sional career  has  been  devoted 
to  the  Law  his  personal  tastes 
have  inclined  to  dramatic  lit- 
erature. In  this  field  he  cn- 
iovs  a  distinctive  reputation. 
As  a  dramatic  critic  his  taste 
has  been  formed  by  a  familiar 
acquaintance    with    the     best 


studied  law  in  the  office  of  John  Dolman,  Esq.,  and  was  admitted 
to  cbarMav  nth,  .871.  He  was  appointed  Court  Clerk  under 
John 1  Loughrcdge  in  1872,  and  after  the  consolidation  was  appointed 
to  his  present  positiion.  ,     . 

Mr    McCain  is  of  a  genial  disposition,  and  accommodating, 
filling  his  position  to  the  utmost  satisfaction  of  both  bench  and  bar. 

SAMUEL  L1GHTFOOT  SMEDLEY 

Chief  Engineer  and  ex-officio  a  Park  Commissioner  of  the  City 
of  Philadelphia,  was  born  at  Edgmont.  Delaware  County,  la 
Deceber  20  !S32.  He  is  descended  in  the  seventh  generation 
fromGeorgl'smedley,  a  native  of  Derbyshire,  England,  who  emi- 
Jraed  to  America  in  16S2  with  other  followers  of  Wm.  Penn,  and 
Kttlel  t  Middlctown,  Pa.,  buying  land  there  lying  just  west  of 
the  present  town  of  Media,  which  is  still  owned,  occupied  and 
cultivated  bv  his  descendants.  The  father  of  the  subject  of  this 
^etctlanfuel  L.  Smedley,  Sr.,  was^rnand^don  this  ferm. 

ents  he  acquired  an  excellent 
education,  and  although  never 
having  wholly  abandoned  agri- 
cultural pursuits,  lie  carried  on 
an  extensive  business  as  sur- 
veyor and  conveyancer  and  in 
addition     taught'    school     for 
manv  seasons.     He  died  at  the 
early   age   of  thirty-six  years, 
leaving  a   wife,   Hannah  Peu- 
nell,    a    daughter    of   Joseph 
Peunell,   of  Middletown,  and 
three   sous,  of  whom   the  sub- 
ject  of  this   sketch,  who  was 
but  two  vears  old  at  the  time 
of  his  father's  death,  was  the 
youngest.      He  inherited   the 
intellectual  tastes  of  his  father, 
and  so  rapid   was  his  progress 
that  at  the   age  of  sixteen  he 
was  preparing  for  a  collegiate 
course.     Rut    failing    health 
compelled    him    to     abandon 
further  systematic  study,  and 
for   four  or   five  vears   he   de- 
voted himself  to    farm  work. 
which    restored    llitll    to    good 
health.     In    1855.   "wing   de- 
cided to  adopt  the  profession 
of  surveying  and  engineering, 
he  placed  himself    under   the 
instruction  of  Joseph   Fox,  a 
noted  citv  surveyor.     His  pro- 
gress  was  rapid  and  he  soon 
became    an    expert    draughts- 
man.    In  1856  he  was  engaged 
bv  the   Commissioners    of 
Blocklev  to  lav  out  the  streets 
that  district;  and  soon  after 


J 


Charles  Oscar  Beasley 


acquaintance    with    the     '^st  ..        nnnreciativelv  the  best 

mmmmm 

JAMES  PENN  McCAIN 

d-k  of  co,„.  or »»-«  SAS°„"  rS-uS',; 


„„s  te  pubiuhea ,  r,pi=.«  a..s  of  M-a-s  a,;";,™::. 

the  Schuylkill  river  known  as       Lansdo un       n V       P  ^ 

couve,  ted  into  a  park.  Its jW^ »£  » <  ^.officio  member  of 
personal  work,  and  since  l87*  h?  h^- °f^'  cheap  and  delightful 
{he  Park  Commissioners.     But  t.  r    1 11m    tlic   en     p  ^ 

conveyance  through  the  park  by  the    .u  ns '  >»  £ 

gravity  railway   which  lie  ™^  "££*<&  Councils  to' the 

engineering  works  of  the :  present  S^^S^fr    Bridge   at 

of   the   Penrose   Ferry   Bridge,    the   *■?"  Brill  e  aml 

Market,  street      Fairmou, at    Br  dg e     G ra ,1    as  i  ^ 

the  raising  of  the  grade  of  Walnut  street  American  Soc  ety 

Schuvlkill.     Mr.  Smedley  is  a  '"cmi.cr  <  Philadelphia, 

of    Civil     Engineers,     the     Engineers      Club     01  r 


14 


PHILADELPHIA  A. YD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIAXS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


Historical  Society  of  Pennsylvania  since  1S57  and  was  its 
recording  secretary  tor  fourteen  years.  He  is  also  a  member  of 
the  Numismatic  and  Antiquarian  Society  of  Philadelphia,  the 
Philadelphia  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Franklin  Institute. 
West  Philadelphia  Institute,  Delaware  Comity  Institute  of  Science, 
American  Public  Health  Association.  American  Association  for  the 
Advancement  of  Science,  the  Union  League  and  other  social  and 
political  clubs  of  prominence,  Mr.  Smedlev  is  a  bachelor  and 
resides  in  West  Philadelphia. 


M.  L.  Snyder,  and  Emily)  are  living.  In  religion  Mr.  Cassin  is  a 
Friend,  being  a  birthright  member  of  the  Society  of  Friends,  and 
in  politics  he  is  a  Democrat,  and  has  twice  represented  his  Con- 
gressional district  in  National  Conventions. 


JOHN    L.  HILL 


A  prominent  member  of  the  Board  of  Public  Building  Com- 
missioners, was  born  in  Philadelphia,  September  20th,  1840.  His 
parents,  who  were  natives  of  Scotland,  came  to  this  countrv  when 
young  and  his  father  became  a  noted  sculptor  and  carver  in  marble, 
the  tomb  of  Washington,  at  Mount  Vernon,  being  a  specimen  of  his 
handiwork.  Left  an  orphan  at  an  earlv  age  young  Hill,  after 
passing  through  the  public  schools  anil  spending  a  year  at  the  Cen- 
tral High  School,  apprenticed  himself  to  the  well-known  firm  of 
John  Struthers  &  Son  to  learn  the  trade  of  marble  cutting,  in  which 
he  became  so  proficient  that  while  a  journeyman  he  was  employed 
to  complete  the  famous  sarcophagus  of  Henry  Clay. 

Early  in  life  Mr.  Hill  took  an  interest  in  politics  and  identified 
himself  witli  the  Republican  party  while  that  party  was  vet  in  its 
infancy.  His  advent  into  official  life  took  place  when  he  became 
Chief  Clerk  of  the  Department  of  City  Property,  a  position  that  lie 
held  for  two  years  and  until  Hon.  Charles  O'Neill  offered  him  a 
clerkship  in  the  Tax  Office.  When  Richard  Peltz  became  Receiver 
of  Taxes  he  made  Mr.  Hill  his  Chief  Clerk  and  subsequently  then 
appointed  him  Collector  of  Delinquent  Taxes,  a  position  that  lie 
held  during  the  years  1S70,  [S71  ami  1872.  In  1875  the  City  Councils 
elected  him  Chief  Commissioner  of  Highways,  but  he  resigned  the 
office  after  serving  one  year.  His  present  official  position  on  the 
Commissioners  to  erect  the  Public  Buildings  dates  from  January 
iStll,  1S72,  when  he  was  appointed  to  succeed  J.  Price  Wctherill, 
and  he  has  served  continuously  in  the  Board  to  the  present  time. 

Mr.  Hill  has  loiiy  been  prominent  in  the  councils  of  the  Repub- 
lican party  and  for  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  lias  been  a 
delegate  to  nearly  every  local  and  Slate  Convention.  In  1876  he 
was  1  delegate  to  the  National  Convention  which  nominated  Ruth- 
erford 1>.  Hayes  for  the  Presidency.  He  is  also  interested  in  many 
important  industrial  enterprises,  notably  the  M.  Taylor  Paving 
Company  of  New  York,  and  has  been  associated  for  several  years 
with  the  Disstons  in  the  Florida  Laud  and  Improvement  Company. 


ISAAC  SHARPLESS  CASSIN 

Member  of  the  Public  Building  Commission  of  Philadelphia,  is 
one  of  tlic  most  eminent  hydraulic  engineers  in  America.  Joseph 
Cassin.  his  father,  emigrated  from  Oueen's  county,  Ireland,  and 
settled  in  Philadelphia  in  [725-  Among  bis  sons  were  John  and 
I. uke.  Luke  Cassin  married  Ann  Worrall  of  Delaware  Co.,  Pa., 
who  bore  him  a  sou  named  Thomas,  who  married  Rachel  Sharpless. 
by  whom  he  had  nine  children,  including  John  Cassin.  a  distin- 
guished ornithologist,  and  Isaac  S..  the  subjectof  this. sketch.  The 
latter  was  born  July  29,  1.S26.  near  Media,  Delaware  county.  Pa., 
and  after  receiving  a  liberal  education  at  the  Friends'  School  at 
Westtowu,  Chester  county,  and  from  private  tutors,  he  entered  the 
machine  shops  of  I.  P.  Morris  &  Co.,  as  an  apprentice,  who  at  the 
time  were  manufacturing  some  of  the  largest  Cornish  pumpiug-en- 
giues  ever  built  for  mining  and  waterworks  purposes.  Mr.  Cassin 
served  for  a  term  as  chief-engineer  of  the  United  States  Mint  at 
Philadelphia,  and  in  1856  was  appointed  engineer  for  the  Spring 
Garden  waterworks  of  that  city,  and  during  his  administration 
effected  many  improvements.  Subsequently  he  served  as  engineer 
of  the  Philadelphia  gas-works,  and  then  engaged  largely  in  the  con- 
struction of  water  and  gas  works  throughout  the  country,  including 
California,  and  also  the  Cauadas.  Those  of  his  construction  in  this 
vicinity  include  the  Chester,  Oxford,  Media,  West  Chester,  Wayne, 
Coatcsville,  Pottstown,  Conshohocken ,  Ashland,  Phcenixville, 
Holmesburg.  Birdsborough  and  Doylestown  water-works.  His  es- 
tablishment is  known  as  the  "Union  Hydraulic  Works,"  ami  is 
the  oldest  of  the  kind  in  the  United  States.  Mr.  Cassin  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Franklin  Institute  and  the  Engineers'  Club,  and  is  one  of 
the  commissioners  for  the  erection  of  the  New  Public  Buildings  in 
this  city.  He  was  married  to  Emily,  daughter  of  John  M.  Hunter, 
on  October  10,  1S50,  by  whom  be  had  six  children,  of  whom  two 
sons  (John  and  Isaac,  Jr. )  and  two  daughters  (Eliza  H.,   married  to 


JOHN  ORD 


Architect  of  Public  Buildings,  is  a  native  of  Fifeshire,  Scotland, 
where  he  was  born  May  14th,  1850.  He  received  his  elementary 
education  in  the  schools  of  Edinburgh,  in  which  citv  he  also  pur- 
sued a  course  of  architectural  study,  supplementing  both  by  special 
studies  at  the  Watt  Institution  and'  at  the  Government  Art  School, 
completing  bis  professional  course  by  observation  and  study  in 
France,  Italy,  Germany  and  Belgium.  He  came  to  Philadelphia  in 
February,  1872,  and  for  some  time  was  assistant  to  Addison  Hutton, 
with  whom  he  afterwards  entered  into  partnership  on  June  1st,  1S77. 
Among  the  works  the  firm  had  on  hand  at  this  time  were  the  Packer 
Library  of  Lehigh  University,  at  Bethlehem, and  the  Bucks  Countv 
Court  House,  at  Doylestown.  The  partnership  was  not  long  con- 
tinued, for  in  October,  1S78,  Mr.  Ord  opened  an  office  in  his  own 
name,  and  almost  immediately  thereafter  he  accepted  the  offer  of 
John  McArthur  to  become  the  principal  assistant  on  the  work  on 
the  new  City  Hall.  At  the  death  of  Mr.  McArthur  he  was  on  Feb- 
ruary 15th,  1S90,  elected  to  his  present  position — that  of  Chief 
Architect — by  the  Public  Buildings  Commissioners.  While  engaged 
with  Mr.  McArthur,  Mr.  Ord  acted  in  the  capacity  of  assistant 
architect  in  the  erection  of  the  palatial  countrv  home  of  George 
W.  Childs,  at  Wootton,  and  the  Children's  Ward  of  the  Presby- 
terian Hospital.  He  was  also  one  of  the  five  architects  selected  to 
submit  designs  for  the  new  Court  House  of  Allegheny  Countv,  at 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  and  also  for  the  Orant  Monument  in  Riverside 
Park,  New  York.  Among  other  buildings  for  which  he  was  archi- 
tect were  the  Asbury  M.  E.  Church,  Columbia  Club  House,  and  the 
country  house,  conservatories,  stables,  etc.,  of  E.  Garrett,  Jr. .  at 
Villa  Nova,  Pa.,  who^e  beauty  arc  not  excelled  in  this  part  of  the 
State.  Mr.  Orel's  reputation  is  national,  and  he  lias  few.  if  am. 
superiors  in  his  profession  in  the  country.  There  is  an  originality 
about  his  designs  which  is  not  alone  pleasing  to  the  eye  but  denotes 
comfort  and  convenience  so  rarely  found  in  modern  buildings,  the 
rule  seemingly  to  be  to  "  cut  up  "  the  departments  so  as  to  destroy 
their  usefulness,  as  well  as  beauty,  in  a  large  measure. 


CHARLES  OSCAR  BEASLEY 

A  prominent  member  of  the  Select  Council  of  Philadelphia, 
and  a  well-known  lawyer,  was  born  in  Salem,  N.  C.  September  2b. 
18(10.  He  was  brought  to  Philadelphia  at  an  early  age  and  entered  as 
a  student  in  the  Department  of  Arts  in  the  University  ofPennsvl- 
vania.  from  which  he  graduated  in  1883.  He  then  entered  the  office 
of  George  M.  Dallas,  Esq.,  as  a  student  of  law  and  for  two  vears 
attended  lectures  in  the  Law  School,  graduating  in  1885,  and  in  the 
same  year  was  admitted  to  the  Bar.  His  professional  success  since 
his  admission  to  the  Bar  has  been  remarkable.  The  ante  rooms  of 
his  office  are  often  overcrowded  with  clients  awaiting  an  audience. 
His  practice  being  largely  in  the  Criminal  Courts,  those  who  have 
wrongs  to  redress  or  accusations  to  meet,  seek  his  aid  and  counsel. 
His  persistency  in  adhering  to  the  fortunes  of  a  client  so  long  as 
there  is  a  scintilla  of  hope  is  strikingly  illustrated  in  the  case  of  the 
negro  Johnson  convicted  of  the  murder  of  farmer  Sharpless  in  Del- 
aware county.  Being  strongly  impressed  with  the  probabilities  of 
his  innocence,  Mr.  Beasley  took  the  case  after  conviction  and  by  ap- 
plication for  a  new  trial,  appeals  to  the  Governor  for  a  reprieve  and 
arguments  before  the  Board  of  Pardons,  he  succeeded  in  saving  the 
man's  life  by  having  the  sentence  of  death  commuted  for  a  life 
imprisonment.  At  an  early  period  in  his  professional  career  Mr. 
Beasley  took  an  active  interest  in  political  affairs  and  soon  became  a 
favorite  campaign  speaker  for  the  Democracy.  His  advent  into 
official  life  took  place  in  1S88,  when  he  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  10th  Section  School  Board  with  the  unanimous  assent  of  the 
dominant  party,  and  the  interest  he  has  taken  in  the  public  schools 
of  his  section  lias  been  greatly  to  their  advantage.  In  1S89  he  was 
elected  as  the  representative  to  Select  Council  for  the  Tenth  Ward, 
by  a  majority  of  several  hundred  votes,  notwithstanding  the  Ward 
is  strongly  Republican  and  had  never  before  elected  a  Democrat  to 
Councils.  His  course  in  Council  has  been  bold,  independent  and 
popular.  He  has  been  an  earnest  and  effective  champion  of 
increased  railway  facilities  for  the  city,  and  an  avowed  and  aggres- 
sive opponent  of  corporate  monopoly.  To  him,  probably  more 
than  to  any  other  man,  Philadelphia  is  indebted  for  whatever  bene- 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


fits  mav  result  from  the  establishment  of  the  Reading  Terminal 
mritite  Beit  Line.  He  originated  the  Meeting  in  the  Academy  of 
Musk  which  exerted  such  a  powerful  influence  over  the  mind  of 
C  mcilu  en  in  regard  to  the  Reading  Terminal,  and  it  was  he  who 
bv^xSmentoy  tactics  in  the  Select  branch,  broke  the  dead-lock 
of  del  m  obstruction  and  secured  the  large  majority  vote _in  its 
fivor  Mr  Beasley  is  a  member  of  <  *ace  I  Episcopalian  I  Church,  and 
a  Suoen.  tc m  cnt'of  one  of  its  Sunday  Schools  In  1S90  he  was 
fhenom  ee  of  the  Democrats  for  the  Recorder  oi  Deeds,  and 
houThis Election  was  not  expected  by  any  one  Ins  nomination  is 
evidence  of  his  popularity  with  his  party. 


,S",  and  re-elected  in  1S76,  under  the  new  Constitution,  for  four 
years,  serving  seven  years.  In  1S79  was  elected  President  pro  tern., 
of  the  Senate  and  served  on  several  committees. 

\ftcr  ten  years  of  private  life  he  was  appointed  State  Mercan- 
tile Appraiser  "by  State  Treasurer  Butler,  for  the  term  of  two  year,, 

t883TnniS87MavorE.  H.  Fitler  tendered  Mr.  Lamon  the  responsible 
position  he  now  fills,  at  the  request  of  Wm.  S.  Stokley,  Director  oi 

Onder^Cnief  Lamon's  administration  rowdies  and  rowdyism 
have  been  stamped  out.  and  no  serious  crimes  have  been  conimittetl 
and  few  criminals  have  escaped. 


THOMAS  J.  HICKS 

A  prominent  member  of  th7co"mmon  Council  °f  Philadelphia 

,.,  ;„  Hip  old  district  of  Southwark,  February   18,  1852-     nc 

7Jt  0,0 f  K SS«how«  Captain  in  Colonel  Baker's 

r atifo  ma  Re  *  ..cut.  and  noted  for  his  unflinching  courage  and 

;     ier  Kleportuient.     His  education   was  received   .11   the  public 

* S  o the  ci\v,   but  after  passing  through  the  Mount  \  crnon 

schools  01  u  c  .      decidcd   lo   leave  school   and  learn  a  trade, 

WH       tint  of  pli nbing  steam  and  gas  fitting.     For  a  short  time 

fleC«?^neralco1^ractor  for  the  construction  of  water  and  gas 

autiestoappointinent  imposed  upon  him  impaired  *»$*££ 

1    :.,    r„K-    1SS1     when   the   Superintendence-  ot  the  i-ittli  btrcer 

M.ket^^e'nale^d^h.uilie   accepted  it  and    lu,  continue     to 

hf°ld  tUC  Kg?, "  Hu^thoillVeouiteous  intlnner.  "nearly 
,"  -'ir>i  5?at  he  wClbe  »  nobody's  man  "  and  that  he  would  not 
-fan y^dges'  except  that  he  would do  right  so  ^r  as  lie  was 

^^^^^^^^^ 

,r..r  m-iiorilv      His   course  in  Council  has  been  so  sat  stactorv    to 

I  ^  "u tucnts  that  they  have  re-elected  him  again  an,   ;^>n-ud 

„  ;    mow  servin"  his  fourth  term.      Even   his  opposition  to  nicas 

,       ,Hr  with  his  partv  has  not  affected  the  conhdence   felt  111 

^r^n'Mavor^cctTuivde;  Suggestions  to  guide  him  in  the 
When  the  Ma> or  elect ""I""  „•  £"?  stronglv   recommended 

S  *£  Uis^uUve^lity  as  a  suable  person  to  be 
Director  of  Public  Works. 


JOHN   LAMON 

Superintendent  of  Police, "cit7of  Philadelphia  was  born  hi 
,he  Oil  District  of  Kensington.  October  .7.  1829,  and  was  educated 
1,1  the  Harrison  i  irammar  School.  At  the  age  o,  18  he  entered  the 
e^F'-r;^^^~U^-^"cdve  part  in  poliucs;  Jan- 
,s-"  be  wis  appointed  Police  Officer  on  the  Marshals 
T 7p'  hvMarsha  Joh^H  Kevser,  which  force  made  itsel  famous 
force  by  Maistiai  join  n  disgraced   the   city. 

was  dropped   Dec    0i    ^53.  a»K J^    Consolidation  Act  the  new 

Sgf35&-*«3S  rtTSSE  ESS 


JOHN   R.  CANTL1N 

Chief  Engineer  of  the  Bureau  of  Fire  was  born  in  Worcester, 
Mass  March  12,  1836,  but  was  brought  by  his  parents  to  Phila- 
delphia w'ile  he  was  yet  an  infant.  He  passed  through  the  Sou th- 
en* Grammar  School  "and  then  spent  two  years  in  a  machine  shop 
where  likmg  for  running  engines  was  developed,  which  u.anifescd 
hself  in  his  being  one  of  the  first  to  secure  the  position of  ei  g  - 
uecr  when  steam  fire  engines  came  into  use.  Mr.  Cantlin  was 
en  dnecr  of  the  Old  Franklin  Fire  Company,  No.  12,  and  while  .11 
crie  of  he  stcinner  was  regarded  as  one  of  the  best  111  the  volun- 
teer  service .When  the  war  broke  out  in  1S61,  he  enlisted  for  three 
months  in  a  companv  of  Independent  Rangers,  which  was  selected 
vtocmlpXL  as  his  hotly  guard  during  his  first  campaign 
itle  Shenandoah  Vallev.  Being  an  expert  telegrapher  he  was 
let  die 'l  tro  n  the  companv  to  do  duty  hi  that  capacity  at  head- 
miarters  and.  so  satisfactorily  did  he  till  the  responsible  position 
t,  it  o.  being  mustered  out  of  service  he  was  personally  compli- 
mented dv  General  Patterson,  who  gave  him  a  written  certificate  of 
efficiency  and  faithfulness.  Finding  on  his  return  home  that  s 
two  brothers  had  determined  to  enlist  for  the  war  he  felt  it  to  be  lis 
dutv  torepress  a  strong  inclination  to  return  to  the  army,  in  order 
to  ciro  for* his  widoweil  mother.  . 

l°  When  the  paid  Fire  Department  was  established  1.1 >  Janua y, 
tS-i  Mr  Cantlin  was  made  the  first  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  I  ire 
Couiniissionei.  This  position  he  filled  for  eight  years a,' .4hav» g 
disolived  executive  ability  as  well  as  mechanical  skill  he  was,  m 
February  1S79  promoted" to  be  Chief  of  the  Bureau.  During  his 
o,  g  uluiinis.riit.on  he  has  brought,  the  Dcpartuieu t  , ^inow 
consists  of  thirtv-six  engine  companies,  six liook-aud-  adder  trucks 
1  o  c he   deal  engines,  operated  by  over  five  hundred  men)  to 

flLdittate  of  efficiency.  Having  but  one  thought  and  one  an  bi- 
Hou^  to  sectu-e  the  citizens  protection  from  fires-his  vigilance  has 
been  s  eepless'  When  he  assumed  charge  ot  the  Department  lie 
fou  d  Uie  w- iter  service  in  the  older  portion  of  the  city  wholh 
n  IcMtate  for  tlic  extinction  of  rircs  in  'V^^V,U,ia"^  of  tUc  W  I"  or 
demonstrated  this  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Engineers  ot  the  \\  .iter 
Deoartnie.  t  and  bv  persistent  appeals  to  Councils  lie  succeeded  1 
bSKIw -and  larger  pipes  substituted.  Improved  engines  and 
!  f  Si*  have  been  introduced  from  tunc  to  time 

:  duiw  possessing  the  confidence  of  the  executive  officers  ad 
Wi"  cultivated  hfrmonious  relations  with  the  other  bureaus  lie 
Is  Vde^o  secure,  Upon  request,  whatever  he  may  deem  nccessarj 
to  promote  the  efficiency  of  his  department 

Mr  Cantlin  is  a  Knight  Templar,  Past  Grand  ot  uie  uuu  rei 
lows  Piist  Grand  Chief  of  the  Knights  of  the  Golden  Eagle,  and  is 
a  member  of  other  benevolent  and  fraternal  associations. 


DANIEL   R.  WALKER 
Chief  of  the  Electrical  Department,  was  born  January  3,  1S29, 

hC  'SCS^'iS^  rfSSS^  of  thecitv, 

..ri.uud  conduits  and  cables   for  electrical  purposes.     He   is  also 
member  of  the  Board  of  Highway  Supervisors. 


16 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


m„  J  FT"*}  Pltro1'  telePhone  and  signal  service  system  was 
constructed  under  his  supervision  and  direction.  The  drlsent  svs 
tern  of  underground  conduits  and  arc  lighting  is  die  to  Mm  "it 
Mav    iSS-       HenT1  "*?  ™elPWa   »i   North   Broad    street,   in 

wyhenmth°efs^ay  »r?iJg^*a^SSS.S  £ffi 

that  ,1    nndf  V°  ^  t0m  Up  for  new  "'ork  °r repairs,  in  order 

that  all  underground  work  may  be  done  at  one  and  the  same  time 
saving  much  labor  and  expense  to  the  city  ' 

rW^=',1W?lkerf?uented  the  method  of  insulating  batteries  so 
of  thVh  »  S  °f  Ule  CUrrent  which  is  Perceptible  and  the  fu  force 
of  the  battery  ,s  sent  out  on  the  lines  in  the  direction  required 
These  many  improvements  he  has  given  to  the  citv  free  from  an '• 
royalty  from  patents,  which  he  could  have  secured/  It  was  thrown 
Mr.  Walker's  exertions  that  a  rental  was  obtained,  which  yfeldfd 
the  city  many  thousand  dollars  yearly,  from  the  differe, icon  nie s 
who  were  using  the  telegraph  poles  belonging  to  tie  city  without 
paying  there  or.  In  the  conduct  of  his  department  Mr  Walker 
has  displayed  marked  ability,  scientific  knowledge  ad  ski  1  am 
the  interests  of  the  city  have  been  carefully  studied  and  protected 
He  is  a  member  of  Montgomery  Lodge,  No.  i9>  A.  F.  &  A M 


R.  R.  BRINGHURST 
Memberof  Select  Council  from  the  Ninth  Ward,  was  born  in  this 
of-n,rfrSrf     7VaS  ^°bCrrt  R'  Bri"Shurst,  for  n.anv     ears  sexton 
fort^e^f^died^  Sof0™"'    *"""  ™1^  «"  ^ 

his  sins    SZS;rtal,'i?lld,l,V  Wm   iM    'S24'   ™*  continued   by 

nessjim   i,  i,s        having  assisted  ill  its  conduct  since  rS68 

and  Jnn  uf!!g  U-r  .,  'aS  cond"ct=cl  his  hnsiiicss  with  tact  and  abilitv 

Sisr,:c;r' of  lis  fcii,,u-  citi7-ens-  p^ssioni . 

antisocial!}.  At  the  February  election  tor  Citv  Councils  iSqi 
Mr.  Bnnghurstwas  elected  from  the  Ninth  Ward  to  Select  Con  e,  ' 
He  has  been  President  ot  the  Internationa!  Funeral  Directors ?\"  so- 
cation  for  tour  terms.  The  Association  was  organized  in  ilsi  for 
the  purpose  of  promoting  information  among" its  me.  hers  con 
cermng  their  duties  and  general  business  management!  Meedn^ 
of  the  International  Association  have  been  held  in  Rochester  C n 
cinnati.  Chicago,  Philadelphia,   Pittsburg,  Baltimore  and 1  Toronto. 

WILLIAM    K.  PARK 

that  ckv  abofutsKBtl,rCaU  °f  G™^  °/  P1»ladelPhi.,  was  born  in 
Mando  C,h  rears  ago.  His  father  was  born  in  Belfast, 
Ireland,  of  Scotch-Irish  descent  and  a  rigid  Presbyterian       VounJ 

nl^r  l"S,C:l;'VdnCatU'"  in  thc  Philadelphia  Academ  f 
Quaker  school,  which  he  attended  up  to  the  time  of  his  father's 
death,  which  occurred  when  he  was  eleven  years  of  age.  He  then 
obtained  employment  in  order  to  assist  in  the  support  of  his "not lie" 
and  six  sisters,  and  worked  first  in  a  hat  factory,  and  afterwards  in 
wood  turning  and  other  ways,  until  he  was  twenty-one  "ears  of 
age,  when  he  married  and  engaged  in  business  for  himself  as  a 
wood  turner       In  the  Fremont  campaign  he  took  aTacrive  parTin 

£j  £,?S 3  '  Vaf  a  .me"lb"of  the  old  volunteer  fire  department 

for  fourteen  years,  during  which  time  he  was  not  known  f-o  hi 

Counci  s°in  Sk?  '  W  "  "^  ,  H°  ™  elccted  "°  ^eTommo'n 
I™"  lS69-     Wa?  a   "lc">ber   of   the   Centennial   Committee 

during  its  existence  of  seven  years.  Was  a  member  of  Fin 
Committee  iuiS63  he  was  appointed  as  Assistant  Chief,  Bureau 
of  Gas,  and  in  1S79  to  his  present  position.  For  more  than  t hfrtv 
years  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Order,  and  fo  t  ' 
five  years  of  the  I.  O.  O.  P.,  and  Howard  Encampment  and  Or er 
way  S™sorsdlmiStS-      *  "  a  ""*"  °f  ^  »™*  °f  SS 


moreland  county ^"tEW  m  b,U"di^  ?  Iow  »rade  in  West 

He   is  an  active   member  of   the   Engineers'    Club     and    t,„ 
indispensable  chart  to  the  officials.  °  glance,  an  almost 


GEORGE  A.  BULLOCK 

SentemW^T^11^7  DcPartmclv\  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  in 
September,  1S41,  and  was  educated  in  the  public  and   High  schools 
aft™,  T  "^  P"1™*"*  fr°">   the   latter  in    lSfo°H 
afterwards  became  assistant  to  Prof.  Angelo,    in   the   Hi-di  school 
which   position  he  resigned  in  ,864,  to  join  his  father  in  the  S 


MALCOLM   M.  COPPOCK 

\    rCIirTr£!erk  B,UreaU  ,°f  Hi«i™.  was   born   in  Mount  Holly 
-VJ.,  in  1S33,  and  was  brought  with  his  family   to   this   citv  h™ 

J.  Mickelhan       "  '  Geha"'  °f  the  L  '  S"  Arm>-'  aQd  John 

of   pPrPo7raL^t£r72f  *  "F  ^  ^hafhXZ  ge 

D  E^lr  ot  Chlef'^  lelUy  ?°  ^  W^"*  trUSt  that  M' Jo  n 
u.  fistaiirook,  Chiet  Commissioner  of  Hghwavs    in  his  last  1n„„,i 

cTc^r;  r Mr-  Copp"ck  in  thesc  ™rd-  '*£*££*& 

rem'a'rkabfo  fideTitv"'y    ^"^   and   ^    ,JCC"    P"for"'^    *^ 

-th  P^?iel"b-er;-,!562'  Mn  C°PP'1L'k  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the 
,th  Pennsylvania  \oluntcers,  and  served  for  three  years  in  e 
campaigns  of  that  historic  regiment.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Grin d 
Army  0,    he  Republic,  and  of  the  Veteran   Corps  of   the       tt 

v is.  orl"'  "S-SOrC,al  qUal  tiM.and  worth  ha™  ««*  him.  welcome 
Msitor  n  the  sister  organizations.  Mr.  Coppock  is  a  man  of  cm 
sderable  artistic  skill  and  taste  in  landscape  gardenin^and  has 
planned  and  executed  some  work  which  has  Ll  un.  er saUttention 
interest  of  I  fi0^omst  ot  rare  ^ility,  and  frequentlv  adds  to  the 
interest  ot  entertainments  given  by  churches  and  other  societies 
by  giving  recitations  and  readings  societies, 

Both  in  official  and  social  life  Mr.    Coppock  is  a  cultured  and 

LOUIS   R.  F.  FORTESCUE 

Chief  Clerk  City  Controller's  Office,  was  born  in  the  district  of 
Southwark,  June  23,  1S3S,  and  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
In  KS54  he  entered  the  book  bindery  of  Joseph  A.  Spear  wfth  whom 

vithTtTn1  •mf11  UiS  2ISt  -Vear'  after  which  "c  engaged  fo  a  me 
w  th  a  theatrical  company.  Tiring  of  this  business  he  accepted  a 
position  tendered  him  by  Mr.  Walter  Thomas,  President  of  the 
Race  and  \  ine  and  Arch  Streets  Railways. 

In  1S61  he  entered  the  army  and  was  commissioned  First  Lieu- 
tenant Pennsylvania  Volunteers.     In  the  field.  August  16  7s6i    he 

Banks  "Hi35  ''^f,  °fCei;  at  9K  headquarters  of  Major  Genera! 
Banks.  He  was  in  the  battles  of  Balls  Bluff  and  Winchester  and 
afterwards  was  transferred  as  signal  officer,  July,  1S62,  to  the  head 

Km  3Irr?°e,r,alj0ll"P0Pe'  and  commissioned  Captain. 
At  the  battle  of  Cedar  Mountain  he  served  as  Aid-de-Camp  to  Gen- 
eral Banks,  and  was  commended  for  his  gallantry 
station  ateTnbaiUle  °frGe"y?burghewas  ordered  to  establish  a  Signal 
station  at  Jack  s  Mountain,  when  he  was  surrounded  by  Rebel 
cavalry,  and  Captain  Fortescue  with  four  flagmen  were  made  pri 
soners  and  earned  at  once  to  Libby  Prison,  thence  to  other  Southern 
prisons,  and  finally  parolled  March  1,  1S65. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  appointed  to  a  position  in  the 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


office  of  the  Second  and  Third  Streets  R  R.  Co  and  as  receiver 
remained  in  the  company's  employ  until  October,  [872,  when .^e 
accented  a  clerkship  with  the  Union  Insurance  Company,  of  this 
city  P  vi  thwho.11  he  remained  until  [889,  "hen  he  entered  the  Insur- 
ance Brokerage  business.  Gen.  Robert  P.  Dechcrt.  after  assuming 
his  lut  e  of  City  Controller,  tendered  Major  Fortescue  the  position 
of  Chic" f  Clerk,  to  which  he  was  assigned  after  a  very  successful 
examination  before  the  Civil  Service  Board  fn„„m,  Jnhn  -p 

He  was  commissioned  on  the  Division  Staff  of  General  John F. 
Hartranft  N  G.  Pa.,  Chief  Signal  Officer,  with  the  rank  of  Major 
duriS  ^  Governorship  of  Henry  M  Hoyt.  He  ^X^Lolee 
the  G  A  R.,  the  Loyal  Legion,  the  Masonic  Order,  Gothic  Lodge, 
No.  519  Kensington  Chapter,  No.  233.  and  Corinthian  Chasseur 
Commandery,  No.  53. 


JOSEPH    HOLCOMB  PAIST 

Chief  Clerk  of  Select  Council  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia,   is 

native   of  Bucks  county,  and 

was  born  of  Quaker  parentage, 

in  Lower  Makefield  township, 

October    17,    1S42.     After    re- 
ceiving a  fair  education  in  the 

public    schools    of    his    native 

countv,    he    engaged    in    the 

drug  business,  which  however 

he   was   obliged   to  relinquish 

on  account  of  ill  health.     Sub- 
sequently he  studied  law  and 

practiced   conveyancing.      He 

resided  in  West  Virginia  for  a 

year,  where  he  was  engaged  in 

journalism,    surveying    and 

draughting. 

On  his  return  to  Philadel- 
phia he  connected  himself  with 
77/ e  Press  as  a  reporter,  and 
afterwards  with  the  German 
Free  Press,  Evening  Star, 
Siindav  Transcript,  and  the 
Morning  Post,  which  in  its 
day  was  one  of  the  brightest  of 
the  Philadelphia  dailies.  He 
was  the  Secretary  of  the  Post 
Publishing  Company  and  its 
Citv  Editor.  He  was  also  for 
years  the  Philadelphia  corres- 
pondent of  the  New  York  Tri- 
bune, and  for  some  time  was 
correspondent  of  the  Washing- 
ton Evening  star. 

Mr.  Paist  has  been  one  of 
the  most  prominent  workers 
in  the  cause  of  building  and 
Loan  Associations,  and  for 
over  a  vear  was  the  Editor  of 
the  Building  Association 
Journal  of   this  city.     Wh 


laver  under  whom  he  labored  assiduously  for  two  years.  His  fath- 
er's busmess  meanwhile  being  largely  increased,  the  son  s  help  was 
required  and  he  became  his  father's  assistant,  1.1  which  position  he 
deve  oped  excellent  business  qualifications  both  as  an  expert  buyer 
and  salesman,  and  formed  a  large  circle  of  influential   nen.k 

Becoming  of  age  the  Centennial  vear.  he  identified  himself  with 
the  Rcnu  can  party,  since  which  time  he  has  been  active  and  con- 
stant in  pro  noting  its  welfare.  The  defeat  of  Select  Councilman 
Nath-m  Spering  brought  Mr.  Durham  into  prominence  and  changed 
the  po  It  cal  condition  <  -.'things  in  the  Seventh  Ward,  when  he  became 
Sized  as  a  party  leader?  In  1SS5  Mr.  Durham  became a can- 
didate for  office.  Was  unanimouslv  nominated  by  the  Republican 
Conventions  Police  Magistrate,  to  which position  he .was  elected 
by  the  handsome  vote  of  68,652,  running  fourth  ma  total  o 15 can 
d'idates     Judge  Durham's  first  office   was   on   Fifth   street  aDpve 

dealing  with  men  and  officers 
with  great  good  sense. 


EDWARD  A.  DEVLIN 

Magistrate  Devlin  was  born 
in  the^Second  Ward  of  this 
city,  in  i*59.  and  received  his 
schooling  in  the  public  schools. 
At  an  early  age  he  began  life 
on  his  own  'account,  in  the 
printing  office  of  W.  F.  Gcd.lcs' 
Sons,  with  whom  he  remained 
until  1 S 7 7 ,  when  he  accepted  a 
clerkship  in  Conkling's  stables. 
In  1SS1  he  was  elected 
Constable,  and  having  removed 
to  the  Eighth  Ward  some  time 


previous 


he    was   attached  to 


Edward 


lourncii  01    mis  city,     vwmu  .  .     , 

the  Building  Association  League  of  Pennsylvania  was  organized 
about  ten  years  ago,  he  was  elected  its  President  and  has  been  the 
President  ever  since.  He  is  the  Secretary  of  several  Associations 
and  has  received  and  paid  out  during  his  official  connection  witn 
them  over  ten  millions  of  dollars,  a  vast  sum  when  it  is  considered 
that  the  moucv  is  received  mainlv  in  small  sums.  He  enjoys  me 
confidence  of  "the  manv  hundreds  of  shareholders  whom  he  has 
faithfullv  served  fortwentv-one  vears.  Mr.  Paist  was  chosen  Assistant 
Clerk  of  the  Select  Council  in  1872,  and  after  serving  ^  such  or 
one  vear  was  promoted  to  be  Chief  Clerk,  a  position  that  he  has 
now  held  for  nearly  twenty  years  with  entire  satisfaction  to  the 
Councils  and  the  community. 


the  office  of  Robt.  R.  Smith. 
with  whom  he  remained  until 
the  death  of  that  able  magis- 
trate in  December,  1S90.  Mr. 
Devlin  was  appointed  Mr. 
Smith's  successor  bv  Governor 
Reaver,  January  10.  1891,  to 
fill  the  unexpired  term  ot  his 
predecessor,  and  was  made  the 
regular  nominee  of  the  Repub- 
lican party  a  few  days  after- 
wards. He  was  elected  in  Feb- 
ruary following,  bv  a  flattering 
maioritv,  for  the  full  term,  be- 
ginning first  Monday  ill  April. 
°  Magistrate  Devlin  is  in  the 
prime  of  life  and  is  a  courteous, 
able  and  fearless  official  and 
.  Devlin  iias  alreadv  evinced  his  fitness 

for  his  present  responsible  positior .his n««gj™£  ™£fg 
with  Mr.  Smith  having  especially  q^Uhe in  and 

his  position.     He  is  a  genial  and  co urte 01  s  ott     •       P        \      . 
obliging,  and  gives  to  his  duties  his  ffltoute ^  t 
member  of  several  political  asso"£10?s  ^"^  ^ends,  for  his  per- 
and  is  held  in  high  esteem  in  a  wide  circle  01  inem   , 
sonal  worth  and  official  integrity  and  abilitv . 
His  office  is  at  713  Sausom  street. 


ISRAEL  WILSON  DURHAM 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  October  24th,  iS55-  He  is  the  son 
of  Thomas  Durham,  a  well  known  flour  dealer.  Young  Durham 
received  his  education  in  the  public  schools  ot  the  city,  entering 
the  senior  class  in  his  fifteenth  year.  After  leaving  school _  he  en- 
tered the  well  known  cloth  house  of  J.  B.  Ellison  cm  Co.,  with  whom 
he  remained  but  a  short  time;  the  desire  to  learn  a  trade  predomi- 
nating with  him,  he  became  apprenticed   to  Silas   Emory,  bnck- 


R1CHARD  C  LLOYD 

Magistrate  Court  No.   i5."^-ta^gSSffi£o2St 
His  father,  Richard  L.  Lloyd   was  a  P  ul £ elpluan  ^  ^ 

of  Deeds.     The  family  are  of  Welsh  decent  1  ,.. 

early  settlers  of   the   Penn  colon^y.    Thonias  Jbioy  rf 

Deputv  Governor,  Keeper  of  the  Seals  and  Chirt  J   » 
C.    attended  the  public  schools ;  of  th  s  c  it>     unti  in e 

vears  of  age,  when  he  "tf^.^^^StinSeduntiJ  1857. 
situated  then  on  Market  street,  with  whom_ »'M  Reading 

when  he  entered  the  employment  oft  he  I       ; W  of  thc 

Railroad  Co.,  which  continued  until lie  com    en ,c 

Civil  War,  when  he  enlisted  in  thc  L  nitcd  btates  iNavj,  j     ) 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


honorabh- discharged  J     "       4'    Ib65.    when   he   was 

the  xSSSftwEi1  inHthe  Commoa  CounciI  for  two  y««  &°» 

the  duties  of  his  office  with  abi.TtV  angered  teb3%ti^ah?s1wh 
position  in  his  professional  and  social  life  ^  maintains  a  high 

LEWIS  EUGENE  BE1TLER 

edge.     He  passed  through  all  the  grades  in  the  Puhlin  £1      i  , 

credit  and  distinction,  and  was  sefe ed to dSfve  tn Il2s  Oratfon 
of  .n^M","1"  S^100]S  Co»"n-'cc,nent  at  the  lea den  "f  sic 
of  I  Inladelphia.     He  afterwards  completed  a  private  co     L       h,  nL- 

er  s  Law  Office,  and  later  with  the  Mortgage  Trust  ConmZnf 
Pennsylvania.       When  Mr.  Filler  took  his  seat  as  tie  fir,?  *K? 

tire  confidence  of  his  n,;»f  a       n      ,'      ■    J   y     "  as  he  doe3  thc  en- 

mmmmrn 

auccieu  tnereDv.     In  the  absence  of  the  Mavor   thP   <;„„,-„».,, 


E ',"  S  ?  *."  f ™ of ""  ^'y'1  hi>">™.  -Hi'  i So"  S"  Sm, 

ft   Ho      S,  I   !    '  c"to'??E  i«  so  ft,  u  Sir.  Stekle.  wes  eo.cerS 

that  his  political  and  public  career  was  at  an  end.   But  events  proved 

? t"  t  ™fh  JanT?'  23r,d'  °n  the  3°'h  the  Select,  and  on  February 
ist,  it  was  signed  by  the  mayor  and  became  a  law      Mr   Stok-llv 

thethreetnted  Marr°n  °Ct°ber  I0'  l87*   and  su  ceedei  hn^eff 
lis  rZZ  Vl?8  tErmS:     MnonS  other  measures  adopted S 

is  ,.,,„„,.  was  the  organization  of  an  effective  police  force  "a? 
upon  gambling,  lotteries,  illegal  liquor  traffic;  he  secured  a  fecial 
revision  of  the  statutes  ;  restricted  the  sale  of  liquor     the  emnlov 

nnn  -ouier'ref  g,HS  ;  £e  °f  ^  "lcdical  Roma's,  and  eff^ed 
many  other  reforms.  His  services,  during  the  Centennial  vear  i  , 
oppressing  vice  and  maintaining  order,  cannot  be ^over-e  t  mate 
and  foreign  representatives  to  that  great  event  were  loud  n  U  eir 
pra.se  over  his  able  management.  'During  the  mt  railroad  strike 
and  attending  note  of  1S77  he  again  displaced  rare  «jn  and  ' 

Snd  and"  able  °    ^  "?™  rf  "^  P-pem   bv,     Pbol 
stand  and   able  direction   of   the   police   force.     Mr  Stoklev   wis 
placed  ,n  nomination  at  the  completion  of   his  last  term  as  mavor 
but  was  defeated  by  Samuel  G.  King,  a  Democrat       When ™w 
M     StlTe     fCtCT'   t0  UlC  C'f"?f  »«8^«cy  of  the  citv  iTappo  nld 

.  '  l"s  U,rector  0f  the  Department  of  Public  Safety,  and  he  v 
continue,  n,  office  during  the  Filler  administration.  He  was  also 
Pub  c  BundTn  °rtllC  Fairalount  P-k  Commission  and  one  of  tt 
H  1  I  ,  }  i Lomi,llsslo»crs.  Mr.  Stoklev  has  long  been  iden 
t.fied  with  the  Presbyterian  church,  of  which  he  was  an  active 
member.  He  was  married  July  7,  ,845,  to  Miss  Marv  1  Mu  er 
laughter  of  Robert  Miller,  by  whom  he  had  five  chlldren-foirr 
sons  and  one  daughter-all  of  whom,  but  one  son,  are  living 


EDWIN  H.  FITLER 


WM.  STRUMBORG  STOKLEY 
Ic9,E-T"May0rW-  S"  Stoklev  was  born  in  Philadelphia     April  2* 
above  Te7threnHistfXtrme°f  "M^  ^^^ "prnce^ree?,' 
whenwmLw^^rerVouttrChant  °f  ^"^  repUte<  died 

Select  Council    L  fiTL  J^?      •        '    n  '  S,6"'  he  was  e'eeted  to  the 


iSS-Tole,SnrtMa-Kr0f-Ph!ladclphia  under  thc  New  Citv  Charter, 
I&S,  to  1S91,  was  born  in  that  citv  December  2,  1S25.  His  father 
W  ham  Finer,  was  a  prominent  tanner  and  leather  dealer.  Mr 
bi„  MfTe?i  aU  academic  education,  and,  proposing  to  devote 
himself  to  the  practice  of  law,  entered  the  office  of  Charles  E 
Lex.  His  inclination,  however,  was  for  mechanical  pursuits  and 
after  four  years  of  study  he  entered  the  cordage  house  of  G^ 
P.  Weaver.  His  progress  was  rapid,  and  in  his  twenty-third  year 
he  was  admitted  as  partner,  the  firm  becoming  George  P.  Weaver 
«  ,2"  0,wmS.  to.hls  inventions  and  improvements,  the  business  of 
te  ."h  Tly,lnCrCaSe'L  IU  lS59  &  purchased  his  partners 
mterest.the  firm  becoming  Edwin  H.  Filler  &  Co.,  now  of  world 
wide  reputation.  His  election  as  President  of '  the  American 
Cordage  Manufacturer  s  Association  indicates  the  esteem  in  "hie 
be  is  held  by  the  trade.     There   has   never  been  a  strike  in  his 

£&£JSSK.  ^ h,s  employees  w  *"*" b-  -- 

favo^nAb^vr  hE  ,UlreW  the,  Wh°le  we«ht  of  llis  influence  in 
favor  of  the  National  cause  at  the  outbreak  of  the  civil  war  His 
monev,  tune  and  counsel,  were  freelv  given  the  Government' 

a  /I,  It  !S  a  Dlrector  o<"  the  Bank  of  Northern  Liberties 
and  of  the  North  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company.  He  has  been 
\..ce-Presulent  of  the  Union  League  for  years,  up  to  the  date  o 
his  election  as  President,  December,  1S90.  As  Mayor  he  was  et 
offico,    a    Director   of  the    Park    Commission,    a    member   of   the 

S  ?%  IT'"'  ihC  PubHc  Buildl"^  Commission,  and  a 
Manager  of  the  Edwin  Forrest  Home.  In  1S75  and  1S76  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Centennial  Board  of  Finance,  'contributing  his  full 
share  of  work  which  made  the  exhibition  so  creditable  to  Philadel- 
phia. He  was  elected  Mayor  of  Philadelphia  in  1SS7,  under  the 
new  charter,  by  which  the  whole  system  of  city  government  w"s 
tW.    H  '  Wa,vor's  dut«s  and  responsibilities  becoming  greater 

than   those  resting  upon  the  chief  officer  of  any  other  city  of  the 


PHILADELPHIA  AXD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


country.     His  career  as  Mayor  won  for  him  the  high  esteem  and 
approval  of  all  the  best  citizens  irrespective  of  party. 

Mr.  Fitler's  name  was  presented  by  the  united  vote  of  the 
Philadelphia  delegates  to  the  Republican  Convention,  held  at 
Chicago,  iSSS,  as  their  choice  for  President  of  the  United  States. 


RICHARD  GARDINER  OELLERS 

For  several  vears  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the 
House  of  Correction,  and  recently  Treasurer  of  the  City  of 
Philadelphia,  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  August  5,  1S43.  He  is  the 
son  of  James  S.  Oellers,  an  extensive  grain  merchant  of  his  day, 
carrying  on  business  at  Pine  street  and  Delaware  avenue,  and  of 
Susannah  H.  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Richard  Gardiner,  who  was  one  of 
the  most  prominent  Homeopathic  physicians  in  the  city.  Mr.  - 
Oellers  received  a  liberal  education  in  private  schools,  and  spent  his 
early  manhood  in  the  wholesale  dry  goods  business.  In  1870  the 
Public  Record  was  established,  and  a  position  in  the  business 
department  was  tendered  him  which  he  accepted.  He  remained 
with  that  journal  after  its  change  of  title  and  ownership,  holding 
for  a  time  the  dual  position  of  Treasurer  and  Business  Manager, 
and  is  now  its  Business  Manager.  In  June.  1S75,  he  was  elected  bv 
Select  Council  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the  House  oi 
Correction  for  the  unexpired  term  of  Samuel  R.  Leonard,  and  was 
subsequently  re-elected  for  two  successive  terms.  When  the  Pennsyl- 
vania Nautical  School  for  the  education  of  young  seamen  was 
originated,  he  was  appointed  one  of  its  Directors,  by  Mayor  Fitler, 
and  reappointed  bv  Mavor  Stuart.  In  1S91,  when  the  office  of  City 
Treasurer  became  vacant  by  the  resignation  of  the  incumbent,  Mr. 
Oellers  was  elected  bv  the  County  Commissioners,  also  by  City 
Councils,  to  till  it,  and  held  the  position  until  the  Supreme  Court 
decided  that  the  power  of  appointment  was  vested  in  the  Governor, 
and  not  111  the  City  Council,  and  he  appointed  a  Democrat.  It  is 
probable,  however,  that  at  the  next  election  the  people  will  restore 
Mr.  (tellers  to  the  office  for  which  he  is  eminently  qualified  by 
education,  experience  and  uprightness  of  character. 

Mr.  Oellers  in  past  vears  took  an  active  interest  ill  Frec- 
Masonrv,  and  is  now  Past  Master  of  Crescent  Lodge,  No.  493,  Past 
High  Priest  of  Temple  Chapter.  248,  and  Past  Eminent  Commander 
of  St.  Albans  Commaudcry.  No.  47.  Knights  Templar. 

FRANK  F.  BELL 

The  first  Treasurer  of  Philadelphia  under  the  new  City  Charter 
and  the  youngest  man  ever  elected  to  this  responsible  office,  was 
born  in  Philadelphia.  Mav  26,  [S55.  He  was  left  an  orphan,  by 
the  death  of  his  father,  before  he  was  three  years  old,  and  upon 
attaining  the  qualified  age  was  entered  as  a  pupil  of  Girard  College 
from  which  he  graduated  with  high  honors  in  1S70.  The  eight-year 
curriculum  of  that  institution  of  learning  embraces  those  branches 
which  qualify  a  man  especially  for  business  pursuits. 

After  his  graduation,  Mr.  Bell  entered  upon  the  study  of  archi- 
tecture in  the'ofhee  of  Prof.  Richards  of  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, but  left  this  to  accept  a  clerkship  with  the  Allison  Car  Man- 
ufacturing Co.,  and  having  a  special  aptitude  for  accounts  he  was 
rapidly  promoted.  An  opportunity  presenting  itself,  he  accepted  a 
position  of  trust  in  the  office  of  the  Receiver  of  Taxes,  where  he 
made  a  reputation  in  conducting  the  investigation  into  the  affairs 
of  that  department  which  led  to  his  future  advancement.  He  was 
afterwards  tendered  the  position  of  Chief  of  the  State  Department 
in  the  office  of  the  Citv  Treasurer  and  accepted  it.  This  brought 
him  prominently  into' public  favor  and  resulted  eventually  unmak- 
ing him  the  nominee  of  the  Republican  party  for  the  office  ot  City 
Treasurer,  culminating  in  his  election  over  one  of  the  leading  busi- 
ness men  of  the  citv,  by  a  popular  majority  of  21,106.  He  filled 
the  position  for  the'  vears  18S6-S7  and  SS,  handling  and  faithfully 
accounting  for  over  twenty  millions  of  dollars  annually,  and  as  the 
new  Constitution  prohibits  consecutive  terms,  he  retired  with  an 
unblemished  name  and  an  established  reputation. 

Mr.  Bell  now  resides  in  a  beautiful  mansion  011  the  Delaware 
River  at  Bristol,  Penua.,  and  is  actively  engaged  in  real  estate  and 
building  operations  and  is  also  interested  in  the  Board  of  Manage- 
ment of  a  number  of  corporations  including  Trust,  Electric  Light, 
Insurance  and  Laud  Companies. 

GEORGE  G.  PIER1E 

Ex-Recorder  of  Deeds,  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  November  4, 
1S3S.  He  is  of  French  Huguenot  descent,  his  ancestors  were  driven 
from  France  at  the  time  of  the  Edict  of  Nantes,  settled  iu  Scotland, 


from  which  country  their  descendants  emigrated  to  this  country. 
His  father,  William  S.  Pierie  was  a  native  of  Philadelphia.  His 
mother  was  Elizabeth  Gorgas,  of  a  well  known  Quaker  family  of 
the  citv. 

Mr.  1'icrie  was  educated  at  the  public  schools,  graduating  from 
the  Hancock  School  at  the  age  of  sixteen.  After  leaving  school  he 
entered  the  Drv  Goods  house  of  H.  &  J.  A.  Campbell,  remaining 
there  four  year's.  When  twenty  vears  of  age  he  became  the  Com- 
mercial Editor  of  the  Press,  then' just  started  by  Col.  John  W.  For- 
ney. He  retained  this  position  for  about  eighteen  years,  which  he 
resigned  to  accept  a  position  made  vacant  by  his  father's  death,  of 
Commercial  Editor  of  the  North  .  Imerican.  He  had  in  1S66  been 
elected  Secretary  of  the  Commercial  Exchange,  previously  acting 
as  Assistant  Secretary.  He  was  annually  re-elected  Secretary  ot 
the  Exchange  until  1885,  when  he  resigned,  and  severed  his  con- 
"  nection  with  the  North  American  and  other  papers  for  which  he 
had  to  a  considerable  extent  furnished  matter  for  their  money 
articles,  to  enter  upon  his  duties  as  Recorder  of  Deeds.  In  politics 
Mr.  Pierie  has  always  been  a  staunch  Republican.  In  i860  he  was 
a  Lieutenant  in  the'Curtin  Guards  "Wide  Awake"  organization. 
At  the  outbreak  of  the  war  he  enlisted  as  a  private  soldier  on  the 
morning  President  Lincoln's  proclamation  calling  for  seventy- 
five  thousand  men  was  issued.  He  was  one  of  the  first  to  sign  the 
roll  for  service,  in  Company  S,  17th  Regiment  Pennsylvania  Vol- 
unteers, Col.  Frank  Patterson.  He  was  in  the  campaign  under 
General  Patterson  in  Virginia.  Upon  the  expiration  oi  his  term  ot 
service,  he  re-entered  upon  his  duties  in  the  Press  Office  and  in  the 
Commercial  Exchange.  .        . 

In  18S4  Mr.  Pierie  received  the  nomination  ot  Recorder  ot 
Deeds  bv  the  Republican  Party  and  was  elected  by  a  majority  of 
thirty  thousand.  In  the  fall  of  1SS7  he  was  re-elected  to  the  same 
office,  his  term  expiring  Jan.  1.  1S9I.  He  isa  member  ot  the  George 
G  Meade  Post,  No.  1,  G.  A.  R.,  the  Union  League,  the  I  nion  Re- 
publican, the  Young  Republicans,  and  other  political  clubs;  the 
Clover  Club,  St.  Andrews  Society,  and  the  Stylus  Club.  Sept.  20, 
is,,-  he  married  Miss  Virginia  j".  Hist  daughter  of  the  late  James 
Hist'of  Philadelphia.  Mrs.  Pierie  died  iu  187S.  He  has  resided  at 
1339  Thompson  street  for  the  last  twenty  years. 

WILLIAM   F.   McCULLY 

\u  ex-member  of  the  Board  of  Fire  Commissioners,  and  a 
prominent  Democrat,  was  born  iu  Philadelphia,  Decembers,  1839. 
His  lather  James  McCullv,  was  one  of  the  Commissioners  of  houth- 
w  irk  and  a  member  of  the  School  Board  of  his  Ward,  noted  tor  the 
interest  he  took  in  the  public  school  system  of  education.  Alter 
p  issiu"  through  the  Locust  Street  Grammar  School  and  entering 
the  Central  High  School,  voting  McCullv  was  apprenticed,  at  the  age 
of  sixteen  to  Elias  J.  llinckcu.  one  of  the  proprietors  ot  the  Sunday 
Dispatch,  to  learn  the  trade  of  pressman.  When  he  had  mastered 
the  business  he  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  press-room  and  remained 
until  1S59,  when  he  accepted  a  similar  position  on  the  Evening 
Bulletin'  With  this  journal  he  has  continued  until  the  present 
tune  advancing  from  foreman  of  the  press-room  to  be  business 
manager  and  'for  nearly  twenty  vears  has  been  part  proprietor. 
While  vet  a  lad  Mr.  McCullv  became  a  member  ot  the  Hiberuia 
Fire  Emmie  Company,  and  was  subsequently  its  recorder  and 
treasurer  Upon  the  formation  of  the  honorary  association,  called 
•  he  "  Old  Guard,"  he  was  made  president,  and  he  is  also  president 
of  the  Hiberuia  Fire  Company,  which  still  continues  its  organiza- 
tion When  the  paid  tire  department  was  established  in  iS;o  he 
was  elected  bv  the  Councils  a  member  of  the  Board  ot  Fire  Com 
missioners,  and  re-elected  for  a  succeeding  term  Mr.  McCullv  was 
one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Americas  Club  and  its  secretary  for 
many  vears.  "He  has  also  been  a  prominent  member  ot  the  Masonic 
Order/being  a  Past  Master  of  his  Lodge,  No.  155,  a  Knight  Temp- 
lar and  a  member  of  the  Consistory. 


WILLIAM   B.  GILL 


A  member  of  the  State  Board  of  Charities  and  an  ex-member  of 
the  Board  of  Education,  is  a  native  and  lite  long  resident  ot  Phila- 
delphia, where  he  was  born  December  27,  i«47-  .He  is  a  self-made 
man,  having  had  few  advantages  of  early  education,  and  began  his 
business  career  as  a  messenger  boy  for  the  American  Telegraph 
Company.  In  1S63  he  was  promoted  to  be  "dummy  boy  and 
went  steadily  forward  and  upward  through  the  various  .grades  of  the 
service  until  1866  when  he  was  placet  iu  charge  ot  the  Commercial 
News  Department  of  the  Western  Union,  under  Superintendent 
David  Brooks.     The  quotations  of  the  department   were   prepared 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


by  him  with  great  care  and  promptness  and  sent  out  several  times 
a  day  by  a  messenger,  there  being  no  Corn  Exchange  as  now. 

When  Mr.  D.  H.  Bates  succeeded  Mr.  Brooks  as  Superintendent 
of  the  district,  he  appointed  Mr.  Gill  Assistant  Delivery  Clerk,  and 
his  promotion  after  that  was  rapid,  from  Assistant  Ca.-hier  under 
Mr.  William  Carley  to  Chief  Clerk  of  the  Superintendent,  James 
Merrihew,  then  Assistant  Superintendent,  and  when  Mr.  Merrihew 
was  transferred  to  be  Assistant  General  Superintendent  of  the 
Western  Union  Company,  at  New  York,  Mr.  Gill  was  appointed  to 
fill  the  duties  of  Superintendent  of  the  Sixth  District  ad  interim. 
Feeling  aggrieved  that  he  had  been  overlooked  in  the  appointment 
of  a  Superintendent  which  followed  the  consolidation  of  the  com- 
panies in  1S81,  he  at  once  resigned  his  position  and  entered  into  a 
contract  to  construct  the  Bankers'  and  Merchants'  Telegraph  Line 
between  Philadelphia  and  New  York,  which,  in  spite  of  many 
obstacles,  he  accomplished  in  four  months.  Upon  the  completion 
of  this  contract  he  entered  into  another  to  erect  a  line  trom  Phila- 
delphia to  Pittsburgh  for  the  American  Rapid  Company,  which  was 
finished  during  the  following  winter.  In  April,  1SS2,  Mr.  Gill 
became  Manager  of  the  Mu- 
tual Union  Telegraph  Com- 
pany at  Philadelphia,  but  this 
position  he  resigned  in  a  few 
months  to  accept  the  superin- 
tendency  of  the  Delaware  and 
Atlantic  Telegraph  and  Tele- 
phone Company.  When  the 
Superintendent  of  the  Sixth 
District  of  the  Western  Union 
Telegraph  Company,  who  hail 
been  appointed  after  the  con- 
solidation referred  to,  resigned, 
Mr.  Gill  became  his  successor 
and  now  has  charge  of  the 
Western  Union's  interests  in 
all  the  territory  between  Jersey 
City  and  the  Potomac  river, 
and  as  far  west  as  Altoona,  Pa. , 
including  the  cities  of  Phila- 
delphia, Harrisburgh,  Balti- 
more and  Washington.  Besides 
his  connection  with  the  cor- 
porations before  mentioned  he 
is  a  director  in  a  large  number 
of  local  telegraph  companies 
in  the  outlying  cities  and  towns 
of  his  district  and  is  Vice- 
President  of  the  Philadelphia 
Bell  Telephone  Company. 

In  1S8S  Mr.  Gill  was  ap- 
pointed by  the  Board  of  Judges 
as  a  member  of  the  Board  of 
Public  Education  from  the 
Thirty-second  section  and  held 
it  until  his  removal  from  the 
Ward.  In  1SS9  he  was  ap- 
pointed a  Commissioner  from 
the  State  of  Pennsylvania  to 
the  Paris  Exposition  and  re- 
cently he  was  appointed  by  the  Governor  a  member  ot  the  State 
Board  of  Charities. 


JOHN  C.  GRADY 


Philadelphia  in  the  autumn  of  187 1,  and  very  soon  thereafter  he 
was  conceded  a  standing  as  an  attorney  of  considerable  knowledge, 
admirable  power,  and  ceaseless  application.  Among  his  earliest 
clients  was  the  firm  of  Gould  &  Co.,  with  whom  he  began  his 
career,  a  charge  he  holds  to  this  day.  About  the  time  he  began 
the  practice  of  law,  he  embarked  in  politics  and  quickly  became  a 
leading  factor  in  the  Republican  party. 

In  1872  he  was  chosen  president  of  the  district  organization 
of  his  neighborhood,  an  honor  conferred  for  his  active  and  suc- 
cessful participation  in  the  memorable  Greeley  campaign.  Two 
years  later  he  was  urged  to  accept  a  nomination  for  the  Legis- 
lature, which  in  his  district  was  equal  to  an  election,  but  he 
declined. 

In  1S76,  however,  he  consented  to  the  use  of  his  name,  and 
was  elected  State  Senator  from  the  Seventh  District,  under  the  new 
four-year  tenure  provision  of  the  New  Constitution,  and  his 
majority  was  greater  than  his  party's.  He  entered  the  Senate  the 
youngest  man  in  the  body,  but  his  ability  soon  placed  him  among 
the  older  members.  He  was  re-nominated  in  1SS0  without  oppo- 
sition and  elected,  of  course. 
During  his  second  term 
he  signalized  his  fitness  for 
leadership,  by  saving  to  his 
party,  and  the  State,  a  United 
States  Senator.  It  was  a  mas- 
terpiece of  diplomacy,  and 
gave  to  Mr.  Grady  command- 
ing influence  thereafter. 

To  show  their  confidence 
in  him,  the  Republican  leaders 
entrusted  him  with  a  mission 
to  General  Garfield,  then  Presi- 
dent-elect, and  so  favorable  an 
impression  did  he  make  upon 
the  General,  that,  after  the  in- 
auguration, he  was  offered  the 
Surveyorship  of  the  Port  of 
Philadelphia,  by  the  President, 
which,  however,  was  refused, 
Mr.  Grady  preferring  to  con- 
tinue in  the  Senate.  He  was 
one  of  the  delegates  selected 
by  the  Legislature  to  represent 
Pennsylvania  at  the  Yorktown 
Centennial  Celebration.  He 
was  Chairman  of  the  Judiciary 
Committee  of  the  Senate  for 
eight  years.  Among  the  most 
important  services,  while  at  the 
head  of  the  Committee,  was  the 
adoption  of  a  bill  which  pre- 
vented detectives  from  seizing 
citizens,  and  dragging  them  to 
another  State,  without  process 
of  law,  or  accountability  to  the 
laws  of  the  State,  of  the  in- 
jured citizen.  He  was  re- 
B.  Gill  elected  to   a  third   term,  and 

later  was  chosen  President  pro 
tern,  of  the  Senate  in  1887,  and  re-elected  to  the  same  office  in  1SS9. 
At  the  expiration  of  his  present  term  as  Senator,  he  will  have 
served  sixteen  years  in  that  office. 


The  career  of  John  C.  Grady  is  doubly  interesting,  in  that, 
through  ordinary  chances  and  unadvantageous  surroundings,  he 
has  carved  a  way  to  high  position.  His  life  has  been  a  busy  one 
from  its  beginning.  He  was  born  in  Eastport,  Maine,  October  S, 
1S47,  and  was  the  eldest  son  of  an  industrious,  hard-working  father 
(who  was  possessed  of  very  limited  means,)  and  an  intelligent 
Puritan  mother,  who  in  early  life  was  a  school-teacher.  Under 
her  careful  training,  Mr.  Grady  received  a  good  education,  which 
he  improved  by  close  application  to  all  English  branches  and 
general  observation. 

Practically  his  career  began  in  Philadelphia  as  a  bookkeeper 
in  the  employ  of  Gould  &  Co.  But  the  young  man  had  another 
profession  in  view,  even  before  engaging  with  the  above  firm, 
and  at  nights,  after  he  had  balanced  the  day's  accounts,  instead 
of  seeking  pleasures  and  amusements,  he  would  return  to  his 
room  and  devote  long  hours  to  the  acquirement  of  the  rudi- 
ments   of    law.     He  was  admitted  to  practice    in   the  courts    of 


HENRY   K.  BOYER 


Mr.  Boyer  was  born  at  Evansburg,  Montgomery  county,  Pa., 
February  19,  1850,  and  received  his  education  in  the  common 
schools  of  his  native  town  and  in  Freeland  Seminary  (now  Ursinus 
College).  LTpou  leaving  that  institution  Mr.  Boyer  entered  upon 
the  duties  of  a  school  teacher,  which  profession  he  followed  for  six 
years,  during  the  last  three  of  which  he  was  principal  of  the 
Kaighn's  Point  Grammar  School,  Camden,  N.  J.  This  position  he 
resigned,  having  decided  to  adopt  law  as  his  permanent  profession, 
and  entered  the  office  of  the  late  ex-Attorney-General  Benjamin 
Harris  Brewster,  with  whom  he  read  law.  He  was  admitted  to  the 
Philadelphia  Bar  in  November,  1873,  and  since  then  has  followed 
the  practice  of  his  profession,  his  practice  being  a  general  civil 
practice,  the  occasions  upon  which  he  has  consented  to  appear  in 
the  criminal  courts  being  exceedingly  rare.  His  practice  includes 
considerable  office  business,  transactions  of  a  mercantile  character 
and  relating  to  real  estate,  and  while  they  have  been  frequently  of 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


^reat  importance   they   possessed   no   element  of  public  interest. 

Mr  Bover  is  an  able  and  warm  exponent  of  the  doctrines  of  the 
Republican  party,  but  did  not  enter  active  politics  until  the  spring 
of  iSS*  In  the  fall  of  1SS2  he  was  elected  upon  the  Republican 
ticket  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of  Pennsylvania 
to  represent  the  Seventh  District  of  Philadelphia,  by  a  handsome 
majority.  His  work  in  the  House  was  so  satisfactory  that  his  con- 
stituents re-elected  him,  by  an  increased  majority,  in  1884,  and 
a-aiu  in  1SS6  was  he  sent  as  the  representative  of  the  Seventh  Dis- 
trict \t  the  nominating  convention  in  iSSS  he  was  unanimously 
endorsed  for  another  term,  to  which  he  was  elected  without  trouble. 
In  1SS7  he  was  elected  Speaker  of  the  House  by  the  Republicans, 
and  has  filled  that  trying  and  responsible  position  with  great  ability 
and  impartiality.  ,  _  .        . 

Mr  Bover's  political  career  has  been  as  clean  and  prominent  as 
his  work  at' the  Bar  has  been  brilliant  and  successful.  In  Ibha  he 
was  re-elected  Speaker.  On  both  occasions  he  received  the  unani- 
mous vote  of  his  party,  both  .11  caucus  and  ,11  the  House  In 11889 
his  election  was  made  unanimous,  the  first  instance  of  the  kind  in 
this  State.  In  1889  he  was 
unanimously  nominated  for 
the  office  of  State  Treasurer, 
and  received  a  majority  at  the 
polls  of  60,926,  though  an  "  off 
year,"  and  that  the  only  State 
office  to  be  filled.  He  is  the 
author  of  the  New  Revenue 
Act  of  1891,  which  passed  by 
a  handsome  majority  in  each 
House  without  the  necessity 
of  a  conference  committee. 


Bv  training  and  inheritance,  Mr.  Penrose  is  devoted  to  his  pro- 
fession the  law,  and  is  engaged  in  active  practice  in  partnership 
with  s'  Davis  Page  and  Edward  P.  Alliuson,  the  firm  being  Page, 
(tflinson  and  Penrose.     Their  offices  are  in  the  Drexel  Building. 


BOIES  PENROSE 

The  father  of  Boies  Penrose 
is  Dr.  R.  A.  F.  Penrose.  LL.D., 
who  was  for  thirty  years  Pro- 
fessor of  Obstetrics  and  the 
Diseases  of  Women  and  Chil- 
dren in  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania. He  was  educated  at 
the  Episcopal  Academy  ill 
Philadelphia,  and  by  private 
tutors;  and,  at  the  early  age 
of  sixteen  years,  entered  Har- 
vard College.  He  graduated  in 
1S81  with  honors,  and  was 
selected  as  one  of  the  orators 
at  Commencement.  After 
leaving  college  he  studied  law 
in  the  office  of  Wayne  Mac- 
Veagh  and  George  Tucker 
Bispham,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  Bar  of  Philadelphia  in 
1SS3.  He  was  elected  in  18S4 
to  represent  the  Eighth  Ward 
of  Philadelphia  in  the  Penn- 
sylvania House  of  Reprcsenta 


svlvama  nouse  01  Muioona-  . 

rives  as  a  Republican.  In  the  session  of  iSR5  he  was  active  in 
secunng  the  passage  of  the  Act,  providing  a  new  government  for 
Philadelphia,  commonly  known  as  the  Bullitt  BUI. 

In  1S86  Mr.  Penrose  was  elected  to  represent  the  Sixth  Dis- 
trict in  the  State  Senate.  Among  the  many  subjects  that  Mr.  1  en- 
ro'e  took  an  active  part  in,  were  those  relating  to  the  questions  of 
railroad  discrimination,  revenue,  and  taxation.  He  served  as  a 
dele-ate  to  the  convention  that  nominated  Edwin  H.  Filler  for  the 
first  Mayor  of  Philadelphia  under  the  Bullitt  charter.  In  con- 
junction with  his  law  partner,  Edward  P.  A  linson  wrote  a  history 
Jof  the  government  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  entitled.  Philadel- 
phia—A  History  of  Municipal  Development. 

P  Senator  Boies  Penrose  was  actively  identified  with  the  celebration 
of  the  Constitutional  Centennial  in  Philadelphia,  111  September,  1SS7. 
He  introduced  in  the  State  Senate  the  resolution  providing  for  the 
participation  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  1,1  the  ceremonies,  and 
ofteredthe  amendment  increasing  the  appropriation  for  the  com- 
memoration. Mr.  Penrose  takes  an  active  interest  in  the  Repub- 
"  a.  party.  He  is  frequently  a  delegate  to  the  State  and  County 
Conventions,  and  is  a  member  of  many  of  the  organizations  of  the 
party  He  is  a  member  of  the  Union  League  Union  Republican 
Club  Young  Republican  Club,  First  Regiment  N.  G.  P.,  Clover 
Club'aud  other  political  and  social  clubs  and  associations. 


THOMAS  V.  COOPER 

Collector  of  Customs  oi  the  Port  of  Philadelphia,  was  born  at 
Cadiz  Jefferson  couutv,  Ohio,  January  16,  1835.  His  father,  Dr.  J. 
W  Cooper,  formerly  of  West  Chester,  Pa.,  in  the  same  year  remov- 
ed from  Ohio  to  Chester.  Mr.  Cooper  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  West  Chester  and  Philadelphia.  At  sixteen  he  was  ap- 
prenticed to  Evans  &  Vernon  of  the  Wilmington  Republican,  and 
with  whom  he  soon  mastered  the  printer's  art.  Before  he  was 
twenty  he  entered  into  partnership  with  Dr.  D.  A.  Vernon  in  the 
publication  of  the  Delaware  American.  This  he  continued  until 
the  beginning  of  the  Civil  War,  when  he  aided  111  raising  Company 
0  5  F,  4th  Pennsylvania  Regiment, 

Col.  John  F.  Hartranft.  He 
was  elected  and  served  as  First 
Lieutenant  for  the  term  of  en- 
listment. In  1S62  he  again 
enlisted  in  Company  C,  26th 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  as 
private,  and  served  until  the 
close  of  the  war.  He  was  in 
many  of  the  battles  of  the 
Peninsula,  Virginia  and  Penn 
sylvania  until  after  Gettysburg, 
when  he  was  detailed  by  order 
of  Secretary  Stanton  to  take 
charge  of '  the  Government 
printing  office  at  Camp  Distri- 
bution. He  was  offered  by  Mr. 
Stanton  the  position  of  Super- 
intendent of  the  Bureau  of 
Military  Printing  but  declined. 
On  his  discharge  and  return 
home,  he  entered  the  office  of 
the  American  as  partner  of  Dr. 
Vernon. 

At  an  early  age  he  took 
an  interest  in  politics.  In  [S60 
he  went  to  the  Chicago  Con- 
vention as  an  alternate.  In 
1S69  he  was  elected  to  the  As- 
sembly. In  1870  he  was  again 
a  candidate,  but  through  the 
opposition  of  State  Senator  H. 
Jones  Brooke  he  was  defeated. 
Iu  1S71  he  again  took  the 
stump  and  overcoming  all  op- 
position was  again  sent  to  the 
Assembly.  In  1S72  he  declined 
the  nomination.  In  1S73  he 
contested  the  nomination  for 
the  State  Senate  with  his  an- 
and    obtained    it,    and    was    subsequently 


Boies  Penrose 


KIT  ?n%s7lieC\vas,'ele>ctcd'sutc''Se-;;;uor  from  Delaware 
county  almost 'without  a  contest..  In  tSSo,  afte ran  an imated 
contest  he  received  the  nomination  again  and  was  re-elected. 
Ite  his  second  term  in  the  Assembly  he  took  an  active  part  in 
the  proceedings  and  was  engaged  in  many  memorable  legislative 

C01ltIntSboth  House  and  Senate  Mr.  Cooper  has  been  connected 
with  a  great  many  important  legislative  measures.  In  lS,6 -he 
was  the  leader  of  the  Republican  side.  In  lS7b  he  was  elected 
Speaker  of  the  Senate  and  re-elected  in  1S79.  He  was  chosen 
Chairman  of  the  State  Committee  in  1881.  ,nnlT,vte  con- 

Mr.  Cooper  possesses  great  energy  of  character,  complete  con 
trol  of  himself  in  lacing  any  difficulties.  He  is  kind-hearted  and 
c  tit-role,  making  friJnds  readily  who  learn  to  regard  him  g 1. 
He  is  the  author  of  a  work  entitled  "American  J^-J1^*1^ 
had  a  large  sale  and  is  valuable  in  many  respects. Since ^SSj  he 
has  served  as  State  Senator  and  Chairman  ot  the  Republican  btate 

CMT^  he  was  appointed  Collector  of  Customs  fj™?^ 
bv  President   Harrison.     Since   1S64  his  name  and   his  life   ha 
been  crowded  with  political  events  and  his  name  is  a  household 
word  throughout  Pennsylvania. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


HENRY   F.  WALTON 

Representative  from  the  Twenty-ninth  District.  Although 
only  thirty-three  years  old,  Mr.  Walton  has  already  clearly  demon- 
strated that  when  he  chose  to  adopt  law  as  his  profession  he  made 
no  mistake.  He  is  without  doubt  one  of  our  ablest  lawyers  and 
most  promising  legislators.  He  was  born  in  Stroudsburg,  Monroe 
county,  Pa.,  October  2,  185S,  and  came  to  this  city  with  his  parents 
in  the  following  year.  After  having  been  educated  in  the  public 
schools  and  by  private  tutors  heentered  the  law  office  of  Hon.  Wayne 
MacVeagh  and  George  Tucker  Bispham,  Esq.,  and  was  shortly  after- 
wards appointed  assistant  librarian  of  the  Law  Library  by  Mr. 
Bispham.  In  1876  he  was  registered  as  a  student  of  law  under  that 
gentleman,  and  in  the  meantime  was  a  prominent  member  and  offi- 
cer of  the  Law  Academy.  Two  days  after  his  twenty-first  birthday, 
October  4,  1S79,  he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar,  and  immediately  entered 
the  office  of  Francis  Rawle,  Esq.  In  April,  18S4,  when  Charles  F. 
Warwick  became  City  Solicitor,  that  gentleman,  in  recognition  of 
Mr.  Walton's  abilities,  appointed  him  as  one  of  his  assistants  and 
has  retained  his  service  ever 
since. 

In  November,  1S90,  Mr. 
Walton  was  elected  to  the 
Legislature  from  the  Twenty- 
seventh  District,  which  com- 
prises the  Twenty-eighth  and 
Thirty-second  Wards  of  Phila- 
delphia. This  is  the  way  the 
Record,  that  staunch  Demo- 
cratic daily,  speaks  of  Mr. 
Walton,  who,  of  course,  is  a 
Republican  :  "  Eloquence  is 
not  the  only  characteristic  of 
ability  which  Walton  possesses. 
He  is  a  born  parliamentarian 
and  can  hold  the  House  in  bet- 
ter command  than  any  other 
member  whom  Speaker  Thom- 
son has  called  to  the  chair.  He 
has  a  dignified  manner  that 
befits  a  presiding  officer.  Dur- 
ing the  session  he  has  given 
his  attention  to  general  legis- 
lation with  marked  industry 
and  ability." 

For  twelve  years  Mr.  Wal- 
ton has  been  a  popular  resident 
of  the  Twenty-eighth  and 
Thirty-second  Wards,  an  ac- 
tive worker  in  the  Republican 
ranks,  and  has  performed  yeo- 
man's  service  therein.  Before 
he  had  attained  his  majority 
he  made  a  brilliant  address  in 
favor  of  James  A.  Garfield's 
candidacy,  and  since  that  time 
he  has  been  a  prominent  and 
pleasing  stump  orator. 

Mr.  Walton  is  a  prominent  . 

and  influential  member  of  manv  fraternal lorganizations.  He  is  a 
charter  member  of  the  Young  Republicans,  and  his  name  is  upon 
the  rolls  of  several  political  organizations.  He  was  married  in  1SS2 
to  Ella  G.  Norman,  of  Baltimore.  His  family  consists  of  his  wife 
and  two  daughters. 


iness  and  for  several  years  he  was  an  efficient  and  successful  com- 
mercial traveller.  His  entrance  into  political  life  dates  from  1877 
when  he  was  appointed  Clerk  in  the  City  Treasurer's  office,  a  posi- 
tion that  he  resigned  the  following  year  to  accept  that  of  Chief 
Clerk  in  the  Recorder's  office  from  which  he  was  promoted  to  be 
Deputy  Recorder.  In  18S0,  Gov.  Hoyt  appointed  him  Coroner  for 
Philadelphia  County  to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of  Dr.  W.  Kent 
Gilbert  deceased,  and  upon  the  election  of  Dr.  Jannev  in  the  suc- 
ceeding year  he  was  appointed  Deputy  Coroner.  In  1883  the 
people  elected  him  Coroner  by  an  exceptional  majoritv,  and  for 
three  years  he  filled  the  office  with  credit  to  himself  and  satisfac- 
tion to  the  community.  Declining  a  re-election  for  personal 
reasons,  he  afterwards  accepted  the  position  of  Deputy  Coroner 
under  Coroner  Ashbridge,  which  he  held  until  November  22,  1889, 
when  President  Harrison  appointed  him  Naval  Officer  of  the  Cus- 
toms. During  his  incumbency  he  has  introduced  several  reforms, 
especially  in  the  keeping  of  the  records,  and  the  Naval  office  in 
Philadelphia,  as  a  controller  of  the  Custom  House,  now  ranks  with 
that  of  New  York. 

Politically  Mr.  Powers  is  a 
staunch  Republican,  and  has 
represented  the  party  in  nu- 
merous local  and  State  con- 
ventions. Twice  he  has  been 
elected  a  delegate  to  National 
Conventions,  and  he  is  one  of 
the  famous  "  306  "  who  in  the 
Convention  held  in  Chicago  in 
1880,  persistently  and  tena- 
ciously voted  for  Gen.  Grant 
for  a  third  term. 


Henry  F.  Walton 


THOMAS  J.  POWERS 

Naval  Officer  of  the  Customs,  was  born  in  Ireland,  January  10, 
1845,  but  came  to  Philadelphia  with  his  parents  when  he  was  five 
years  of  age.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools,  and  while  a 
lad  obtained  employment  in  the  book  publishing  house  of  Hayes 
&  Zell,  then  at  Fifth  and  Market  streets.  He  had  not  attained  his 
seventeenth  year  when  the  civil  war  broke  out,  but  he  enlisted  in 
the  Forty-ninth  Regiment,  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  and  served  in 
that  and  other  regiments  throughout  the  war,  in  fact  beyond  its 
close,  for  he  was  not  finally  discharged  until  September,  1S65.  His 
army  record  is  a  highly  honorable  one.  He  participated  in  four- 
teen battles,  including  the  Second  Bull  Run,  Sudley  Spring  Road 
and  Chantillv.  At  Bolivar,  Tennessee,  while  in  a  cavalry  charge, 
he  hail  his  horse  shot  from  under  him  and  he  himself  was  wounded. 
After  his  retirement  from  the  army  he  engaged  in  mercantile  bns- 


PETER  LANE,  Jr. 

Now  Deputy  Naval  Officer 
for  the  Port  of  Philadelphia, 
was  born  in  this  city,  Julv  27, 
1S37.  He  passed  through  all 
the  grades  in  the  public  schools 
in  the  vicinity  of  his  birth- 
place, commencing  with  the 
old  Walnut  street  school,  until 
he  entered  the  Central  High 
School.  His  clerical  career 
began  with  Hurst  &  Brobdon, 
Notaries  Public,  and  after  leav- 
ing them,  served  for  three 
years  in  the  Girard  Bank,  the 
latter  part  of  the  time  as  indi- 
vidual book-keeper. 

When  the  Rebellion  broke 
out  he  entered  the  Union 
Army  as  First  Lieutenant  in 
the  Third  Pennsylvania  Cav- 
alrv,  which  he  left,  to  accept 
the"  Adjutancy  of  the  Fifth 
Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  then 
known  as  the  "  Cameron  Dra- 
goons." In  the  latter  part  of  the  year  1S62,  he  was  appointed 
Assistant  Assessor  of  Internal  Revenue,  under  J.  Fletcher  Budd, 
and  served  in  that  capacity  and  as  special  officer,  until  1870,  when 
he  was  appointed  State  Clerk,  under  Peter  A.  B.  Widener,  City- 
Treasurer  elect,  who  entered  upon  the  duties  of  this  office  at  once, 
to  fill  out  the  unexpired  term  of  his  predecessor.  Mr.  Lane  held 
the  office  of  State  Clerk  for  five  years,  and  when  Delos  P.  South- 
worth  succeeded  to  the  office,  he  became  Chief  Clerk.  Meanwhile 
in  1S74,  he  was  elected  by  City  Councils,  in  joint  session,  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Board  of  Guardians  of  the  Poor,  ami  served  as  such  for 
eight  years,  six  of  that  time  as  their  Treasurer.  Two  years  of  his 
life,  before  receiving  this  appointment  as  Deputy  Naval  Officer, 
were  spent  in  Idaho  Territory  in  mining  enterprises.  Mr.  Lane  is 
a  man  of  fine  presence,  courteous  manners,  and  of  large  experience 
in  public  affairs. 


ELLERY  P.  INGHAM 

Special  Deputy  Collector  of  Customs,  was  born  in  Bradford 
County,  Pennsylvania,  on  December  22,  1856.  He  is  the  sou  of 
Judge  Thomas  J.  Ingham,  of  La  Porte,  Pa.  Mr.  Ingham  received 
his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  the  district  in  which  he 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA XS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


resided,  which  was  followed  by  a  course  in  the  Susquehanna 
Collegiate  Institution,  at  Towanda,  Pa.,  and  in  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania,  prom  the  latter  institution  he  was  graduated,  in 
Juue,  1877,  with  the  degree  of  LL.  B.  He  read  law  with  Joseph 
A.  and  Henry  G.  Clay,  of  this  city,  and  on  his  admission  to  the 
Bar,  in  September,  1877,  at  once  began  the  practice  of  his  profess- 
ion in  the  courts  of  Sullivan  County. 

Mr.  Ingham  took  an  active  part  in  the  politics  of  his  country, 
his  convictions  leading  him  to  the  Republican  party,  and  when 
quite  a  young  man  acquired  considerable  distinction  as  a  public 
speaker.'  He  represented  his  district  at  several  of  the  State  Con- 
ventions, and  in  188S  was  unanimously  chosen  as  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Convention,  from  the  counties  of  Northumberland, 
Columbia,  Montour  and  Sullivan.  In  July,  1S89,  when  President 
Harrison  selected  Hon.  Thomas  V.  Cooper,  for  the  position  of 
Collector  of  Customs  of  Philadelphia,  that  official  tendered  Mr. 
Ingham  the  important  position  of  Special  Deputy  Collector. 
Since  entering  upon  the  duties  of  his  office,  he  has  had  charge, 
under  the  direction  of  the  Collector,  of  the  varied  interests  repre- 
senting the  commerce  of  the 
port.  Mr.  Ingham  is  a  striking 
example  of  that  sturdy  race 
of  Pennsylvanians  who  have 
made  their  mark  in  the  learned 
professions,  and  who  have  fig- 
ured extensively  in  the  politics 
of  the  State.  He  has  written 
a  number  of  comprehensive 
and  forcible  articles  on  a  pro- 
tective tariff,  in  its  application 
to  the  interests  of  the  laboring 
classes,  and  has  brought  out,  in 
this  respect,  the  most  striking 
principles  of  the  Republican 
partv.  At  the  close  of  his  term 
of  office,  it  is  very  likely  he 
will  remain  in  the  city,  and 
engage  in  the  active  practice 
of  his  profession. 


HAMILTON  D1SSTON 

One  of  the  Park  Commis- 
sioners, an  ex-Fire  Commis- 
sioner and  an  extensive  manu- 
facturer and  land  owner,  was 
born  in  Philadelphia,  August 
23,  1844.  lie  is  the  eldest  son 
of  Henry  Disston,  deceased, 
who  came  to  this  country  from 
England  in  1833,  a  poor  boy, 
and  died  in  1S78  the  proprietor 
of  an  establishment  employing 
2000  men,  and  acknowledged 
to  be  the  largest  saw  manu- 
facturing works  in  the  United 
States  and  probably  in  the 
world.  The  history  of  this 
remarkable  man,  who  achieved  his  great  success  by  his  own  in- 
dustry and  genius,  is  recorded  in  many  biographical  works. 

Hamilton  received  no  other  scholastic  education  than  that 
afforded  by  the  public  schools,  and  at  the  proper  age  entered  his 
father's  establishment  to  learn  the  business  of  making  saws  and 
files,  and  worked  there  regular  hours  as  the  other  apprentices  did, 
receiving  no  special  favor  or  encouragement.  His  progress  in  acquir- 
ing the  art  was  slightly  interrupted  by  the  breaking  out  of  the  Civil 
War,  for  the  sounds  of  martial  music  "were  irresistible,  and  twice  he 
ran  away  and  enlisted,  but  was  taken  out  of  the  army  by  his  father 
who,  though  he  contributed  large  sums  to  the  Union  cause  and 
equipped  at  his  own  expense  a  company  for  the  field,  did  not  believe 
that  boys  were  proper  material  for  Union  soldiers.  At  the  expira- 
tion of  his  apprenticeship  he  took  an  active  interest  in  the  manage- 
ment of  the  business  for  several  years,  and  in  1S7S  was  taken  into 
partnership  by  his  father.  After"  his  father's  decease  the  concern 
was  incorporated  and  he  was  made  its  President,  a  position  he  has 
held  ever  since. 

In  1877,  while  on  a  pleasure  tour  to  Florida,  he  was  impressed 
with  the  natural  advantages  of  that  State  for  raising  the  staples  of 
commerce,  and  a  few  years  afterward  was  induced  to  engage  in  an 
enterprise  that  lias  made  him  the  largest  laud  owner  in  the  United 
States.     Having   organized   the   Florida    Laud   and   Improvement 


Company,  he  purchased  from  the  State  in  June,  1SS1,  four  million 
acres  of  land  selected  from  the  twelve  million  acres  belonging  to  the 
State,  and  paid  for  it  the  sum  of  one  million  dollars  in  cash,  which 
relieved  the  State  from  its  indebtedness.  This  purchase  of  a  realm 
larger  than  some  of  the  principalities  of  Europe  attracted  the  atten- 
tion of  English  capitalists  who  also  made  large  investments,  led  to 
the  formation  of  other  land  and  railway  companies,  gave  a  great 
impulse  to  immigration,  and  set  in  motion  undertakings  that  have 
vastly  inereaseil  the  population  and  wealth  of  Florida.  Shortly 
after  having  made  this  purchase  he  engaged  in  another  and  stiil 
more  important  enterprise  by  contracting  with  the  State  Board  of 
Internal  Improvement  to  drain,  by  means  of  navigable  canals  and 
ditches,  "the  swamp  and  overflowed"  land  belonging  to  the  State, 
on  conditions  of  receiving  a  transfer  deed  of  every  alternate  section 
of  all  the  land  reclaimed.  This  led  to  the  formation  of  the  "Atlantic 
and  Gulf  Coast  Canal  and  Okeechobee  Land  Company,"  which  has 
not  only  drained  millions  of  acres  of  land  of  inexhaustible  fertility, 
peculiarly  adapted  to  the  raising  of  sugar,  rice,  sea  island  cotton, 
and  tropical  fruits,  but  has  afforded  the  settlers  in  the  dryer  lauds  of 
Southern  Florida  an  oppor- 
tunity thev  have  heretofore 
lacked  of  sending  their  prod- 
ucts to  markets.  Vast  tracts 
of  land  that  for  ages  were 
worthless  and  miasmatic  are 
now  healthy  and  extraordin- 
arily productive.  Hamilton 
Disston  may  be  called  the 
Father  of  Florida. 

Politically  Mr.  Disston  is 
an  ardent  Republican,  and 
though  he  has  never  held  any 
official  position,  excepting  that 
of  Park  Commissioner,  and 
Fire  Commissioner,  to  which 
lie  was  elected  because  of  the 
active  interest  he  has  taken  in 
the  old  Volunteer  Fire  Depart- 
ment, he  is,  nevertheless,  a 
power  in  the  politics  of  his 
native  city.  How  many  per- 
sons he  has  aided  to  place  in 
positions  of  trust  ami  profit, 
and  how  many  others  he  has 
befriended  in  various  ways 
perhaps  he  himself  does  not 
know.  Unostentatious  in  his 
deportment,  genial  in  manner, 
sincere  in  his  friendships,  lib- 
eral and  charitable,  Mr.  Diss- 
ton may  worthily  be  called  a 
"  Popular  Philadelphia!!." 


Hamilton  Disston 


ALONZO  SHOTVVELL 


Ex-member  of  Select 
Council,  and  for  many  years 
prominently  identified  with 
the  transportation  interests  of  Philadelphia,  was  born  in  Mon- 
mouth county,  New  Jersey,  March  17,  1844.  He  is  a  descendant 
from  well-known  Quaker  and  Knickerbocker  stock.  _  After  receiving 
a  preliminary  education  in  the  schools  and  academies  of  his  native 
county,  he  became  a  student  at  Fort  Edward  Institute,  in  the 
State  'of  New  Vork,  where  he  remained  for  several  years. 

On  attaining  his  majority  he  came  to  Philadelphia,  and 
entered  the  freight  office  of  the  "Camden  &  Amboy  Railroad,  as  a 
clerk.  At  that  time  and  for  several  years  afterward  no  arrange- 
ments had  been  effected  between  connecting  transportation  com- 
panies for  giving  shippers  through  rates  and  bills  of  lading,  and 
there  was  no  organized  system  of  transferring  freight  from  one  rail- 
road to  auother^or  from  railroads  to  steamboats  and  steamships  on 
a  through  rate  basis.  Mr.  Shotwell,  though  at  that  time  only  an 
employee  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company,  resigned  his 
position  and  sat  himself  to  work  to  remedy  tins  great  disadvantage, 
and  was  the  prime  mover  in  organizing  the  present  system  -which 
has  saved  to  the  merchants  of  Philadelphia  millions  of  dollars. 
Duriu"  his  connection  with  the  transportation  interests  and  whilst 
originating,  formulating  and  inaugurating  the  system  that  placed 
Philadelphia  merchants  on  an  equal  footing  with  their  competitors 
in  New  Vork  for  the  Soutli,  Southwest  and  Pacific  Slope  business, 
makiii"  rates  the  same  from  both  cities  and  torcing competing  lines 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


to  establish  Philadelphia  agencies  and  adopt  his  new  method  of  received  a  common  school  and  academic  education,  and  was  his 
securing  patronage  for  their  respective  companies,  viz:  through  father's  assistant  in  business.  In  [862  he  enlisted  as  a  private  sol- 
rates  and  bills  of  lading,  covering  connecting  lines  and  all  transfers  dier  in  Company  E,  One  Hundred  and  Thirtieth  Regiment,  Penn- 
from  points  of  shipment  to  points  of  destination,  he  had  Morgan's  sylvania  Volunteers,  and  on  the  organization  of  the  companv  was 
Philadelphia  &  New  York  Outside  Line  put  on  between  the  two  elected  and  commissioned  Second  Lieutenant.  The  regiment  was 
cities  as  a  leverage  to  help  bring  about  the  present  results.     He  also  assigned  to  the  Second  Army  Corps.     Before   the   battle   of    Antie- 


established  the  transfer  firm  of  L.  D.  Crosmond  &  Co.,  and  at  one 
time  was  Agent  for  the  Pacific  Mail  Steamship  Companv,  Union 
Pacific  Railroad  Company,  Houston  &  Texas  Railway  Company, 
General  Trans-Atlantic  Steamship  Company  (French  Line),  Mor- 
gan's Louisiana  &  Texas  Railroad  and  Steamship  Company  and  its 
connecting  railroads  in  Texas  and  Louisiana,  also  the  Southern 
Pacific  and  Central  Pacific  Railroad  Companies.  At  present  he 
only  retains  his  interest  in  the  transfer  business  of  L.  D.  Crosmond 
&  Co.  When  the  Great  Centennial  Exhibition  was  projected,  Mr. 
Shotwell  was  elected  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Transportation, 
to  secure  funds  for  the  Exhibition,  and  was  one  of  the  most  earnest 
and  indefatigable  workers  to  promote  the  success  of  the  enterprise. 
When  Machinery  Hall  was  finished  he  suggested  and  with  others 
organized  a  preliminary  dem- 
onstration, which  took  place 
on  July  4,  1S75,  and  was  at- 
tended by  more  than  a  hundred 
thousand  people.  Over  three 
thousand  school  children  were 
transported  to  the  Park  and  a 
collation  provided  for  them  in 
the  Hall,  free  of  cost.  Great 
tanks  and  puncheons  were 
procured  from  the  brewers, 
filled  with  ice  and  placed  at 
convenient  points  in  the  Park, 
for  the  refreshment  of  the  vis- 
itors. This  was  a  monster 
demonstration  ably  managed, 
and  foreshadowed  the  success 
of  the  Exhibition  in  the  fol- 
lowing vear. 

Mr.  Shotwell  was  one  of 
the  principal  factors  in  abol- 
ishing the  Harbor  Master  fee 
system  in  Philadelphia,  and 
having  the  position  salaried. 
He  obtained  a  decision  from 
the  United  States  Treasury 
Department  in  1877,  that  the 
employees  of  the  Life  Saving 
Service  of  our  Coast,  who  were 
claiming  salvage  on  merchan- 
dise recovered  from  a  jetti- 
soned cargo  off  Cape  May, 
were  not  entitled  to  additional 
remuneration,  as  they  were 
paid  by  the  Government  to 
save  both  life  and  propertv, 
virtually  revolutionizing  the 
Life  Saving  rules  as  previously 
understood  and  applied. 

In  1S7S  Mr.  Shotwell,  as 
Master  of  Transportation,  had  charge  of  the  shipping  of  the  Ameri- 
can exhibits  to  the  Paris  Exposition,  and  in  1SS2  he  was  one  of  the 
Bi-Centennial  Committee  that  labored  indefatigably  to  promote 
the  celebration  which  took  place  to  commemorate  the  city's  two 
hundredth  birthday. 

In  politics,  Mr.  Shotwell  has  always  been  a  Republican.  In 
February,  iSSr,  he  was  elected  as  a  member  of  the  Select  Council 
from  the  Fifth  Ward,  running  as  an  Independent  against  two  oppo- 
nents, one  a  Democrat,  the  other  a  Republican,  and  during  his 
term  of  office  pursued  an  entirely  independent  course.  Mr.  Shot- 
well  has  a  splendid  physique,  great  alertness  of  mind  and  direct- 
ness of  action,  and  is  well  qualified  to  serve  in  almost  any  position 
where  executive  ability  is  demanded.  He  is  acknowledged  to  be 
an  authority  in  his  business,  as  well  as  a  man  of  practical  ideas, 
and  a  man  of  affairs. 


tarn  Lieutenant  Marshall  was  appointed  Regimental  Adjutant,  and 
acted  as  such  at  that  engagement.  During  the  campaign  he  con- 
tracted disabilities  which  disabled  him  for  further  active  duty,  he 
was  ordered  to  the  hospital,  from  which  he  was  discharged  and 
returned  to  private  life.  He  soon  entered  into  the  business  of  tan- 
ner in  Huntingdon  county,  which  he  continued  until  1880  when  he 
was  elected  Representative  to  the  State  Legislature. 

In  1882  he  was  appointed  Deputy  Surveyor  of  the  Port  of 
Philadelphia,  serving  four  years  under  Surveyors  Nevin  and  Le- 
land.  In  August,  1889,  he  was  appointed  Deputy  Collector  of  the 
Port,  which  position  he  now  holds.  He  is  a  member  of  G.  A.  R. 
Post  149,  Media,  Pa. 

In  1866  he  was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Gratz,  daughter  of 
Simon  Gratz,  Esq.,  of  Hunt- 
ingdon county,  by  whom  he 
has  one  son. 


Alonzo  Shotwell 


H.   CLAY    MARSHALL 

Deputy  Collector  United  States  Customs,  was  born  in  Bloom- 
field,  Perry  county,  Pa.,  December  iS,  1S3S.  His  father,  James 
Marshall,  was  a  well-known  and  successful  tanner.  He  retired  from 
business  in  1S60  and  removed  to  Carlisle  in    1S63.      Mr.   Marshall 


JOSIAH  GRANVILLE 
LEACH 

The  United  States  Ap- 
praiser at  the  Port  of  Phila- 
delphia, is  descended  from 
several  of  the  oldest  American 
families  and  has  in  his  veins 
some  of  the  best  blood  of  New 
England.  His  ancestor,  Law- 
rence Leach,  a  descendant  of 
John  Leche,  surgeon  to  King 
Edward  the  III,  arrived  in 
Massachusetts  with  Rev.  Fran- 
cis Higgiusou  in  1629,  became 
a  planter,  and,  according  to  a 
historian,  he  held  many  im- 
portant offices,  and  the  useful- 
ness of  his  life  gained  respect 
for  his  memory.  His  ancestor. 
William  Manning,  the  sou  of 
a  Boston  merchant,  in  1676, 
by  appointment  of  the  Colo- 
nial Government,  directed  the 
erection  of  the  first  Harvard 
Hall,  and  collected  and  dis- 
bursed the  money  raised  for  its 
construction,  ami,  John  YVash- 
burne,  another  ancestor,  was 
the  Secretary  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts Bay  Companv  before 
Governor  Winthrop  brought 
over  the  charter  ot  the  Com- 
pany. Three  of  his  great- 
grandfathers, Ensign  Lemuel 
Leach.  Captain  Israel  Manning  and  Rev.  Joseph  Smallidgc  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  army,  and  the  fourth  Jotham  Ball,  as  a  boy- 
witnessed  the  engagement  at  Concord.  April  19,  1775. 

Colonel  Leach  was  born  July  27,  1S42,  in  Cape  May  Court 
House,  Xew  Jersey,  where  his  father,  Rev.  J.  S.  Leach,  had  already 
settled.  After  a  classical  education  he  entered  journalism,  and 
continued  a  prolific  writer  until  the  summer  of  1S62,  when  he 
enlisted  in  the  army,  remaining  there  until  the  ensuing  summer, 
serving  as  sergeant,  sergeant-major,  and  lieutenant  in  the  Twenty- 
fifth  New  Jersey  Volunteers,  and  receiving  his  first  promotion  for 
gallant  conduct  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg.  For  some  months 
previous  to  his  military  service  he  devoted  his  entire  leisure  time 
in  organizing  soldier's  aid  societies,  by  which  means  he  was  instru- 
mental in  providing  a  large  amount  of  clothing  and  hospital  stores 
for  the  relief  of  the  sick  and  wounded.  On  leaving  the  army  he 
began  the  study  of  the  law,  was  graduated  LL.B.  by  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania,  and  in  March,  1S66,  was  admitted  to  the  Bar 
in  this  city,  where  he  has  since  continued  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession. During  the  summer  of  1865  he  organized  and  edited  the 
Cape  May  Daily  Wave. 

He  has  taken  an  active  part  in  every  political  campaign  since 
his  nineteenth  vear,  when  he  took  the  stump  in  support  of  the 
election  of  Lincoln  and  Hamlin.     He  is  said   to   have   been   the 


PHILADELPHIA  AXD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


first  to  formally  present  Mr.  Blaine's  name  for  the  Presidency. 
In  the  fall  of  1875  he  was  chosen  to  the  Legislature  from  the 
Seventh  District  of  Philadelphia,  and  became  a  prominent  member 
of  the  House  of  Representatives.  Although  urged  to  return  to  the 
House  with  assurances  that  he  would  be  chosen  Speaker,  he  de- 
clined a  re-nomination  and  became  a  candidate  for  the  Senate, 
but  failed  of  a  nomination. 

Owing  to  the  warm  interest  manifested  in  the  laboring  classes 
while  member  of  the  Legislature,  he  was  nominated  for  that  body 
in  187S  by  the  Greenback  Labor  Party,  which  honor  he  declined. 

Colonel  Leach  was  one  of  the  leaders  in  the  Independent  Re- 
publican movement  of  1SS1-2  in  this  State. 

By  appointment  of  Governor  Beaver,  April,  1SS7,  he  became  a 
member  of  his  staff,  and  Commissary  General  of  the  National 
Guards  of  Pennsylvania. 

When  President  Harrison  came  into  office  a  movement  was  on 
foot,  with  strong  political  and  social  backing,  to  secure  the  appoint- 
ment of  Colonel  Leach  as  Minister  to  Switzerland,  but  before  his 
claims  had  been  presented  to  the  President,  the  mission  was  filled 
by  the  appointment  of  his 
kinsman  Colonel  Washburne 
of  Massachusetts. 

Afterwards,  on  the  iSth  of 
March,  1889,  he  was  appointed 
by  the  President  Appraiser  at 
this  Port,  and  his  management 
of  the  office  has  been  such  as 
to  warrant  a  prominent  Treas- 
ury official  to  declare  him  "  the 
best  Appraiser  in  the  Govern- 
ment service." 

Colonel  Leach  has  long 
devoted  much  of  his  time  to 
literary  pursuits,  chiefly  of  a 
genealogical,  biographical  and 
historical  character,  and  is  said 
to  possess  a  larger  knowledge 
of  the  origin  of  American  fami- 
lies than  any  one  in  the  coun- 
try. While  historiographer  of 
the  Historical  Society  of  Penn- 
sylvania, he  contributed  sev- 
eral hundred  sketches  of 
Pennsylvania  to  "  Appleton's 
Cyclopedia  of  American  Biog- 
raphy," which  contributions 
were  more  numerous  than 
those  of  any  other  writer  out- 
side of  the  editorial  staff,  and 
he  is  now  giving  his  leisure 
hours  to  the  preparation  of  a 
Cyclopedia  of  Pennsylvania 
Biography.  He  is  historian 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Society  of 
the  Sons  of  Revolution,  as 
well  as  one  of  its  fouuders,  and 
Treasurer  of  the  Philadelphia 
Chapter  of  the  American  Folk 
Lore  Society.  He  is  also  a 
member  of  the  American  Academy  of  Social  and  Political  Science, 
the  Civil  Service  Reform  Association,  the  Athenaeum  and  several 
other  bodies. 


1SS0.  In  1S82  Judge  F.  Dyer,  then  Secretary  of  the  United  States 
Treasury,  appointed  him  Examiner  of  Customs,  which  position  he 
held  and  filled  with  ability  and  in  a  manner  satisfactory  to  the  mer- 
chants of  the  city  and  the  department,  and  which  was  well  attested 
by  the  immense  petition  of  the  merchants  of  Philadelphia,  in  their 
recommendation  to  President  Harrison  for  his  appointment  as 
Appraiser  of  this  Port. 

Mr.  Clarke  had  become  the  Chief  Examiner  of  the  Customs  at 
the  time  of  his  appointment  as  Assistant  Appraiser,  and  is  regarded 
as  one  of  the  best  posted  men  in  the  service,  both  in  his  general 
knowledge  and  in  his  familiarity  with  the  law  and  the  decisions  of 
the  department.  He  was  one  of  the  early  Republicans  of  Philadel- 
phia, and  has  been  a  steadfast  supporter  of  his  party.  His  residence 
is  in  the  Thirtcentli  Ward. 


John  J.  Ridg 


DANIEL    CLARKE 


Assistant  Appraiser  United  States  Customs,  at  Philadelphia, 
was  born  in  Annville,  Lebanon  county,  Pa.,  in  1S35.  He  is  of  Scotch- 
Irish  descent  and  his  ancestors  were  among  the  first  settlers  of  the 
Paxtong  and  Derry  colony.  His  father,  Walter  Clarke,  was  twice 
Commissioner  of  Lebanon  county,  and  was  Captain  of  the  Annville 
Guards,  a  company  celebrated  in  the  military  annals  of  the  State. 

Mr.  Clarke  received  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
Lebanon  and  in  the  Lebanon  Valley  Academy,  after  which  he 
became  the  book-keeper  for  the  Cornwall  Iron  Works,  one  of  the 
largest  iron  establishments  in  the  State.  After  two  years  of  service 
he  resigned  that  position  anil  coming  to  this  city  enlisted  in  the 
old  house  of  Brooks  &  Fuller,  dealers  in  fancy  dry  goods  and 
notions,  on  Third  street,  and  on  the  retirement  of  this  firm  became 
their  successor  and  owner  of  the  business,  which  he  successfully 
conducted  for  twelve  years.  He  represented  the  Thirteenth  District 
in  the  Legislature  of  Pennsylvania  during  the  session  of  1S79  and 


JOHN   J.  RIDGWAY 

This  able  official  and  popular  citizen.  Surveyor  of  Customs  for 
the  Port  of  Philadelphia,  was 
born  in  that  city,  October  22, 
1S45,  of  one  of  Pennsylvania's 
oldest  and  most  honored  fami- 
lies, and  his  father  was  the  late 
Thomas  Ridgway,  who  is  re- 
membered as  the  estimable 
President  of  the  Girard  Life 
Insurance,  Annuity  and  Trust 
Company,  and  his  mother  was 
Sarah  Pancoast.  the  sister  of 
the  eminent  Philadelphia  sur- 
geon. Dr.  Joseph  Pancoast,  of 
the  Jefferson  Medical  College. 
After  receiving  an  elementary 
and  classical  education,  Mr. 
Ridgway  entered  the  law  office 
of  Morton  P.  Henry  as  a  stu- 
dent, and  made  rapid  progress 
in  his  studies.  He  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Bar  May  29,  1865, 
and  after  a  tour  in  Europe,  he 
entered  upon  the  practice  of 
his  profession  in  his  native 
city,  in  which  he  attained  de- 
cide) I  and  deserved  success. 
In  1871  he  gained  the  confi- 
dence of  the  people  of  Phila- 
delphia and  achieved  a  repu- 
tation in  the  prosecution  of 
the  Row  officials  for  collecting 
and  retaining  illegal  fees  ;  Mr. 
Ridgway  being  selected  by  the 
Bar  Association  for  that  pur- 
pose. As  a  result  of  his  excel- 
lent work  the  new  Constitu- 
tion, soon  afterwards  adopted, 
abolished  the  fee  system  anil 
placed  the  officials  on  salaries. 
He  entered  the  Union  Army  in 
1S62  and  took  part  in  the  pursuit  of  Lee's  army  after  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg.  He  wrote  an  able  article  on  the  subject  of  establishing 
the  Zoological,  which  was  published  in  Lippincott's  Magazine  of 
May,  1S73,  which  really  was  the  initiating  point  in  the  establish- 
ment of  the  attractive  gardens,  of  which  he  was  Director  until 
1875,  when  he  resigned. 

In  1S83  he  was  the  Republican  nominee  for  Common  Couucil 
from  the  Eighth  Ward,  and  was  elected  by  a  handsome  majority. 
His  course  was  marked  by  unyielding  integrity  and  untiring  devo- 
tion to  the  interest  of  his  constituents.  He  was  the  Republican 
nominee  for  City  Comptroller  in  1SS4,  but  was  defeated  by  Colonel 
R.  P.  Dechert,  owing  to  local  disturbances  in  party  lines  and  defection 
on  account  of  questionable  acts  of  party  workers  with  which  Mr. 
Ridgway  was  not  concerned. 

In  18S6  W.  Ellwood  Rowan  was  elected  Sheriff,  and  Mr. 
Ridgway  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  real  estate  department  of 
the  office,  and  when  Sheriff  Rowan  became  incapacitated  to 
attend  his  duties  by  reason  of  insanity,  Mr.  Ridgway  performed 
the  duties  of  the  office  with  marked  ability  from  January  4,  18S6, 
to  February  24,  1SS7.  When  the  office  was  declared  vacant  by 
the  Senate  of  Pennsylvania,  Governor  Beaver  appointed  Mr. 
Ridgway  Sheriff,  and  served  as  such  for  the  remainder  of  the 
term,  expiring  January  I,  1S8S. 


PHILADELPHIA  AXD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


In  December,  1SS9,  the  President  of  the  United  States  appointed 
Mr.  Ridgway  Surveyor  of  Customs  for  the  Port  of  Philadelphia. 
He  is  Vice-President  of  the  West  End  Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Com- 
pany, 2020  Chestnut  street ;  President  of  the  Real  Estate  Invest- 
ment Company,  721  Walnut  street,  and  is  a  prominent  and  popular 
member  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  Penn  Club,  Union  Republican  Club,  His- 
torical Societv,  and  other  organizations. 


OLIVER  C.  BOSBYSHELL 

Col.  O.  C.  Bosbyshell,  Superintendent  of  the  United  States 
Mint,  at  Philadelphia,  was  born  in  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  January  3, 
1839.  His  father,  Oliver  C.  Bosbyshell,  and  wife.  Mary  A.  Whitney, 
were  both  natives  of  this  city.  Col.  Bosbyshell's  father  died  before 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born.  Young  Bosbyshell  received  a 
fair  education,  in  the  schools  of  Schuylkill  county,  the  home  of  his 
mother.  At  the  age  of  fifteen,  he  entered  the  employ  of  the 
Philadelphia  &  Reading  R.  R.  Company.  He  afterward  entered 
the  law  office  of  Hon.  F.  W.  Hughes,  then  in  the  law  office  of  his 
uncle,  William  S.  Whitney,  where  he  was  when  the  war  broke  out. 
On  the  16th  of  April,  1861,  he  enlisted  in  the  Washington 
Artillerists.  On  the  17th  of  April,  the  company  was  mustered  into 
the  U.  S.  service,  at  Harrisburg.  On  the  18th  of  April,  the  comp- 
any was  en  route  to  Washington,  via  Baltimore,  where  were  the 
first  soldiers  of  the  Union  Army  killed  by  the  enemy.  On  the  20th 
of  July,  the  company  was  mustered  out  at  Harrisburgh,  and  Mr. 
Bosbyshell  immediately  re-enlisted,  for  three  years,  in  Company 
G  48th  Regiment  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  and  was  commissioned 
Second  Lieutenant.  August  20,  1S61.  He  served  as  Regimental 
Recruiting  officer,  and  November  ir,  iS6r,  embarked  for  Hatteras, 
N.  C.  He  was  Judge  Advocate,  and  Acting  Adjutant  of  his  Regi- 
ment. He  was  in  the  attack  on  Newbern.  He  was  Regimental 
Quartermaster,  Acting  Adjutant  of  his  regiment,  promoted  First 
Lieutenant,  and  then  Captain  Company  G.  He  was  in  the  battles 
of  Bull  Run,  Chantilly,  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  and  Fredericks- 
burg, after  which  he  was  detailed  Judge  Advocate  of  his  division. 
In  the  spring  of  1863,  the  Ninth  Corps  was  ordered  West,  and 
Captain  Bosbyshell  was  made  Provost  Marshall,  at  Lexington,  Ky. 
He  took  part  in  the  fights  of  East  Tennessee,  was  in  the  battles  of 
Blue  Springs,  Campbell's  Station,  and  Knoxvillc.  In  February, 
1S64.,  General  Hartranft  appointed  Captain  Bosbyshell  Assistant 
Adjutant  General.  Department,  Ninth  Army  Corps,  at  rendezvous 
Annapolis,  Md.  He  afterward  served  through  Grant's  campaign, 
ending  at  Petersburg.  He  was  commissioned  Major  of  his  Regi- 
ment, from  July  10,  1S64.  He  was  in  the  Mine  fights  of  July  30, 
1864,  and  led  his  regiment  into  the  Weldon  Rail  Road,  and  Poplar 
Grove  Church  fights.  Was  mustered  out  October  1,  1864. 
Returning  to  Pottsville,  he  engaged  in  the  banking  business.  In 
1S67  he  entered  the  G.  A.  R.,  and  organized  Post  23  of  Pottsville, 
and  was  its  first  Commander.  In  1869  he  was  elected  Department 
Commander  G.  A.  R.  In  the  same  year  he  was  appointed  Register 
Deposits,  U.  S.  Mint,  at  Philadelphia,  and  has  since  resided  in 
this  city.  He  was  afterwards  appointed  Assistant  Coiner,  and  by 
President  Grant,  Coiner.  In  1SS5  he  accepted  the  position  of  Chief 
Clerk  under  Colonel  Dechert,  City  Controller.  In  1S79  he  was 
elected  Major,  Second  Regiment  National  Guards,  Pennsylvania,  a 
year  later  promoted  Lieutenant  Colonel,  and  in  August,  1S90,  he 
became  Colonel  of  the  Regiment.  He  was  appointed  Superinten- 
dent of  the  Mint,  Philadelphia,  by  President  Harrison,  October  17, 
1SS9,  entering  upon  his  duties  November  1,  1SS9.  He  is  also 
Vice-President  of  the  Fidelity  Mutual  Life  Association  of  Philadel- 
phia. June  24th,  1S63,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Martha  E.  Stern, 
daughter  of  Rev.  Nathan  Stern,  D.  D. 


DR.  DAVID  K.  TUTTLE 

Dr.  David  K.  Tuttle  was  commissioned  Melter  and  Refiner  of 
the  United  States  Mint,  Philadelphia,  on  March  22,  18SS.  He  was 
born  in  Morris  County,  N.  J.,  September  19,  1835.  His  ancestors 
came  from  England  and  settled  in  New  Haven  in  1639.  Their  de- 
scendants were  energetic,  public-spirited  citizens,  and  many  of  the 
families  prominent  in  New  England  history,  whether  for  theology, 
literature,  or  art,  may  trace  their  lineage  back  to  these  earlv  settlers, 
William  and  Elizabeth  Tuttle. 

The  Edwards,  Dwights,  Stoddards,  Kensetts,  find  this  family 
name  among  their  immediate  ancestors. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  went,  at  the  age  of  fifteen,  to  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  where  older  brothers  were  engaged  in  business.  Within  two 
years  he  had  charge  of  a  small  electrotyping  plant.  This  provided 
an  income,  anc  left  some  hours  each  day  for  study  and  experiment. 


In  1S52  he  attended  the  lectures  on  chemistry  in  the  Medical  De- 
partment of  the  University  of  New  York,  which  fixed  the  purpose 
of  the  young  student  to  devote  himself  to  the  study  of  natural 
science.  He  entered  the  Lawrence  Scientific  School  of  Harvard 
University  in  1853,  and  received  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Science 
in  1855.  In  the  summer  of  the  same  year  he  went  to  Germany  and 
matriculated  at  the  Georgia  Augusta  University  at  Gottingen,  where, 
after  two  years  of  close  application,  he  was  graduated  as  Master  of 
Arts  and  Doctor  of  Philosophy  in  1857.  In  the  autumn  of  that  year 
Dr.  Tuttle  was  appointed  Adjunct  Professor  in  the  LTniversity  of 
Virginia,  and  placed  in  charge  of  the  laboratory  then  opened  for 
the  practical  instruction  of  students  in  analytical  chemistry.  After 
five  years  devoted  to  such  teaching,  he  became  interested  in  metal- 
lurgical enterprises  more  to  his  taste,  which  he  followed  with 
success,  acquiring  valuable  experience  in  the  mining  and  treatment 
of  lead,  iron,  gold,  and  silver  ores. 

Dr.  Tuttle  was  appointed  Melter  and  Refiner  of  the  Carson  City 
Mint  on  the  reopening  of  that  institution  in  18S6,  and  held  that 
position  until  his  appointment  to  succeed  Dr.  Booth  in  the  Mint  at 
Philadelphia. 


W-  H.  SHELMIRE 


United  States  Pension  Agent,  Philadelphia,  was  born  in  Mont- 
gomery County,  May  15,  1841.  His  father,  John  H.  Shelmire,  was 
a  well-known  miller  in  that  county  as  were  his  grandfather  and 
great-grandfather.  In  1S61,  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war.  Mr.  John  H. 
Shelmire  enlisted  and  was  commissioned  Captain  of  Companv  A, 
First  New  Jersey  Cavalry,  which  had  prcviouslv  been  a  wide-awake 
organization  in  the  Lincoln  campaign.  He  served  in  the  field 
with  his  company  till  June,  1S62,  when  he  was  taken  prisoner  and 
confined  in  the  Salisbury  Prison.  While  in  prison  he  was  com- 
missioned Major  of  his  regiment.  In  November,  1S62,  he  was  ex- 
changed, rejoined  his  command,  and  was  killed  June  9,  1S63,  at 
Brandy  Station. 

W.  H.  Shelmire  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  his 
county,  and  was  in  his  father's  employment  until  the  war.  He 
accompanied  his  father  to  the  field,  as  clerk,  and  remained  with 
him  until  his  death,  when  he  enlisted  in  Hunt's  Independent 
Cavalry.  In  1S65  he  received  an  appointment  as  Clerk  in  the 
Treasury  Department,  Washington,  where  he  served  until  March 
1S69,  when  he  was  appointed  Assistant  Assessor  of  Internal 
Revenue,  Fourth  District,  Pa.  He  held  this  position  until  Novem- 
ber 14,  1S71,  when  he  was  appointed  Chief  Clerk  of  the  Pension 
Office,  Philadelphia,  and  served  as  such  under  General  H.  G. 
Sickel,  Major  A.  W.  Norris.  and  General  Davis.  November  22. 
1SS9,  President  Harrison  commissioned  him  Pension  Agent.  A 
petition  to  the  President  signed  by  some  7000  veterans  was  accom- 
panied by  the  following  letter  from  General  Sickel : — 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  iSth,  1SS9. 
To  the  President: 

Referring  to  the  application  of  William  H.  Shelmire,  Esq.,  for  the  position 
of  United  States  Pension  Agent,  at  Philadelphia,  I  desire  to  state:  That  I  was 
appointed  to  that  office  in  the  year  1S71.  and  took  Mr.  Shelmire  from  an  import- 
ant position  to  be  my  Chief  Clerk,  especially  on  account  of  his  known  integ- 
rity, honesty  and  administrative  ability.  He  served  in  that  position  through 
my  thirteen  years  incumbency,  and  helped  to  disburse  millions  of  dollars  each 
year.  I  required  no  security  whatever  from  him,  although  I  myself  was  under 
the  heaviest  bonds  given  by  any  Government  official.  His  accounts  were  al- 
ways scrupulously  correct.  He  has  held  the  same  position  with  each  succeed- 
ing Pension  Agent,  and  has  the  confidence  of  all  the  old  Pensioners. 

His  promotion  would  give  entire  satisfaction,  and  would  be  merited  by 
reason  of  his  long  continued  service 

I  have  the  honor  to  be 

vour  obedient  Servant, 

H.  G.  SICKEL. 

Mr.  Shelmire  is  a  member  of  the  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal 
Legion  ;  Member  of  Post  19,  G.  A.  R.,  of  which  he  is  Post  Com- 
mander ;  Member  of  A.  O.  U.  W  ;  Member  of  the  Senate  of 
Sparta,  a  beneficial  organization. 

In  1S69  he  was  married  to  Miss  Frances  L.  Lemon  of  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 


DAVID  MARTIN 

Late  Collector  of  Internal  Revenues,  was  born  on  August  20, 
1S45,  on  the  old  Ridgway  Farm,  at  Nicetown  and  Harrowgate 
Lanes,  in  the  Twentv-fifth  Ward.  His  father,  George  Martin,  who 
was  the  tenant  of  the  farm,  was  of  Scotch-Irish  stock,  as  was  also 
his  mother.  Mr.  Martin  knew  only  hard  work  during  the  early- 
years  of  his  life,  which  applies  to  the  political  as  well  as  the  indus- 
trial side  of  his  career.      He   removed  to   the   Nineteenth   Ward, 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


where  he  now  lives,  in  1863,  and  in  June.  1S66,  two  months  before 
he was  of  a°c.  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Republican  Ward 
Committee8  This  was  the  real  beginning  of  Ins  pohtica  career, 
ami  ever  since  his  influence  has  been  felt  not  only  in  his  own 
Ward  but  as  well  in  the  politics  of  the  Thirty-first  Ward.  He  has 
been  a  ember  of  the  Nineteenth  Ward  Republican  Committee 
ever  since  and  continuously;  also  a  member  of  the  Republican 
City  Committee  for  sixteen  years,  and  of  the  Republican  State 
Connmttce  thirteen  years.  'He  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Convention  which  nominated  President  Harrison  His  official 
career  was  as  follows  :  Appointed  Sergeant  at  Arms  of  the  House 
of  Representatives  at  Harrisburg  in  1S73  ;  appointed  the  following 
vear  bv  Mavor  Stoklev,  Lieutenant  of  the  Delaware  River  Harbor 
Police-  resigned  in  1875,  and  was  elected  County  Commissioner  by 
amaforitv  of  .4,000  ;  re-elected  for  three  years  in  1878  by  21,000 
mSority  ;  re-appoiuted  Sergeant  at  Arms  in  1881-82  ;.  appointed  a 
Mercantile  Appraiser  for  three  years  in  1S83  ;  reappointed  m  18S6, 
and  he  I  that  office  when,  on  May  24,  1889.  President  Harrison  ap- 
pointed him  Collector  of  Internal  Revenue.  His  resignation  from 
this  office  was  placed  before 
President  Harrison  on  May  S, 
1891,  Mr.  Martin  having  de- 
cided to  engage  in  other  busi- 
ness. 


JOHN   B.  COMBER 


Superintendent  Money 
Order  Department,  Philadel- 
phia Post  Office,  was  born  in 
Philadelphia,  in  1855.  His 
father,  John  Comber,  deceased 
in  1879,  was  a  well-known  con- 
tractor. Among  his  larger 
contracts  in  this  city  were 
those  for  the  granite  of  the 
first  storv  of  the  Public  Build- 
iugs.  and  the  stone  for  the 
Presbyterian  Board  of  Publica- 
tion, Chestnut  street. 

Mr.  Comber  received  his 
education  at  a  private  school 
in  this  citv  and  finished  at  the 
La  Salle  College,  after  which 
he  entered  the  office  of  Isaac 
H.  Hobbs  &  Son,  architects, 
with  whom  he  remained  for 
two  years  ;  his  health  requir- 
ing "more  active  employment, 
he  resigned  his  place  and  en- 
tered into  service  with  his 
father,  with  whom  he  remained 
until  his  decease,  when  lie 
conducted  the  business  until 
1S85.  The  latter  year  Post- 
master Han-it y  gave  him  the 
appointment  of  Assistant  Su- 
neriutendent    of    the     Monev 

Department,  and  in  .SS9  he  was  promoted  to  his  present  position 
Transactions  of  his  department  extend  to  almost  all  countries of 
the  earth  and  amount  to  nearly  J5,ooo,ooo  annually.  Mr  Comber 
is  systematic  and  exact  in  his  methods  and  conducts  his  office  with 
ability,  and  to  the  satisfaction  of  his  superiors.  , 

He  is  a  member  of  the  Hibernian  Society  of  Philadelphia  one 
of  the  oldest  of  the  charitable  organizations  of  the  city,  ^ bears 
on  its  roll  of  membership  the  names  of  General  Ueorge  Washing 
ton!  General  U.  S.  Grant,  General  Robert  Patterson,  and  many 
other  distinguished  men.  ,        .  c 

Mr  Comber  was  married  to  Miss  Agues  McKeone.  daughter  of 
Charles  McKeone,  firm  of  Charles  McKeone.  Son  &  Co.,  111  1889. 


as  assistant  for  two  years  and  then  passed  a  year  in  travel  abroad 
and  in  attendance  upon  the  law  schools  in  Pans  Subsequently 
unon  his  return  to  this  citv  he  resumed  practice  of  his  profession 
and  is  the  author  of  several  pamphlets  upon  legal  subjects,  and  also 
of  a  law  book  upon  the  "  Trial  of  Lunatics. 

Mr  Carr  has  been  active  in  Democratic  politics  and  a  member 
of  several  nominating  conventions,  both  local  and  State,  and  in 
18S8  was  appointed  Assistant  United  States  Attorney  for  this 
district. 

CHARLES  A.  PORTER 

Was  born  on  the  15th  day  of  May,  1839,  in  that  section  of  the 
citv  known  a  half  century  ago  as  the  North  Mulberry  Ward,  on 
Cherry  street  below  Fifth.'  His  parents  were  people  of  moderate 
circumst ances,  and  as  a  boy  he  received  his  education  principally 
in theZane "street  Grammar  School.  After  leaving  school,  he 
curled  on  the  business  of  his  ^er-that^ntra^  He^was 

tioii,  and  in  early  life  evinced 
an  interest  in  politics,  giving 
much  of  his  spare  time  to  the 
study  of  this  subject.     He  cast 
his  first  vote  in  1S60,  for  Abra- 
ham Lincoln.     In   1862,  when 
but  twentv-three  years  of  age, 
he   received  his   first  political 
appointment,   that   of   Super- 
visor of  Streets  of  the  City  of 
Philadelphia,    serving    with 
credit    for    four    years,    under 
Mayors  Henrv  and  McMichael. 
In  1869,  he  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber   of   the    City   Republican 
Campaign    Committee,    from 
the     Eighth    Ward,    and    has 
served  almost  continuously  ior 
twenty -two  years,  having  won 
the  esteem  and  confidence   of 
his  partv  in  his  district.    They 
rewarded   him  by  sending  him 
to  the  Legislature,  in  187--  '73' 
and  '74,  the  Eighth  and  Ninth 
Wards  constituting  the  district. 
On  May  15,  1875,  Mr.  Porter 
removed  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Ward,  and  since  that  time  has 
been  the  recognized  leader  of 
the   Republican  forces  of  that 
section.    Mr.  Porter  was  a  dele- 
gate of  the  National  Conven- 
tion  that  nominated  Harrison 
in    iSSS.     The  year  following, 
he    was    unanimously   chosen 
Chairman  of  the   Republican 
Citv    Campaign    Committee. 
While  holding 'this  responsible 
position,  he   has  always  man- 
nks,  and  has  won  for  himself 


Charles  A.  Porter 


WM.  W1LK1NS  CARR 

Assistant  United  States  Attorney,  was  born  in  Washington, 
D  C  in  1854,  and  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  111  that  citv, 
and  after  remaining  for  three  years  in  the  Central  High  School 
continued  his  studies  at  the  University  oi  Pennsylvania  from 
which  he  graduated  in  1S73.  He  began  the  study  of  law  in  this 
citv  in  the  office  of  George  M.  Dallas,  Esq.,  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  May,  1876.     He  remained  1.1  the  office  of  Ins  preceptor 


a"ed  to  obtain  harmony  in  the  party 

:^ 'J!!  the  fan  ^SJ'rponer  C  novated  as  a  candidate  for 
State  Senate  til?  the  unexpired  term o  Senator £?£&& 
the  fifth  district,  and  his  popularity  was  attested  by   his  recen 

Bill.     The  former  was  intended  to  vest  the  au^ard  of  PubUc 

schools  iii  the  city,   in   one  body,  kn own  ast nc     u 
Education,  which  abolished  the  f^^^^^dfflc 
passing  the  Senate  was ^defeated Lm  »1    s  ^^ 

K^T  thetty:  uqUCom1ionVoiS  This  bill  passed  both 
fc^es  of  the  Legislature,  but  was  vetoed  by  the  Governor 

^s  Ins  been  truth  Fully  said  of  Mr.  1  oner,   wuui  "^- 
called  a,     orator  he  is  shrewd,  calculating    and  possessed  of  t he 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  PO  PC  LA  Li  PHILADELPHLAXS. 


POPULAR  OFFICIALS. 


secure  a  desired  result.  Rut  he  lias  sufficient  tact  to  keep  himself 
from  being  regarded  as  being  dictatorial,  he  has  assisted  many  men 
to  secure  political  positions,  and  he  has  always  insisted  upon  giv- 
ing the  young  element  of  the  Republican  partv  an  opportuuitv  of 
showing  what  could  be  done.  He  is  a  liberal  contributor  .o  cam- 
paign funds,  and  does  not  hesitate  to  assist  financially  those  who 
appeal  to  him.  Unassuming  in  his  methods,  and  unostentatious 
with  his  dealings  with  men,  he  manages  to  make  himself  as  popular 
with  the  division  workers,  as  with  those  who  take  part  in  political 
contests  only  when  it  suits  their  pleasure  and  convenience.  Mr. 
Porter  has  followed  the  business  of  general  contractor,  for  the  past 
thirty  years.  He  has  been  successful  in  his  business,  and  enjovs  a 
comfortable  fortune. 


LOUIS  R.  WALTERS 

Was  born  February  13,  1855,  near  Phcenixville.  Pa.  He  at- 
tended the  public  schools  there  under  the  teaching  of  Prof.  Swartz, 
and  entered  Lafayette  College  in  1873,  from  which  he  graduated  as 
a  Civil  Engineer  in  1877,  and  a  year  later  received  the  degree  of 
M.  S.  He  has  been  for  a  number  of  years  a  very  active  member 
of  the  Board  of  Education  and  takes  special  interest  in  educational 
matters.  After  graduating,  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Phoenix 
Iron  and  Bridge  Company,  and  by  assiduous  and  close  application 
to  the  Company's  affairs  won  for  him  the  greatest  respect  and 
esteem.  He  faithfully  filled  this  position  up  to  the  time  of  being 
honored  with  the  appointment  as  Assistant  United  States  Treasurer 
at  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  which  he  now  holds. 

He  was  elected  Captain  in  the  Militia  in  1S72,  and  in  1S77  was 
appointed  Adjutant  of  the  Eleventh  Regiment.  X.  G.  P..  and  acted  in 
that  position  during  the  Pittsburg  riots.  When  the  National  Guards 
of  Pennsylvania  were  re-organized  in  1879,  he  rejoined  his  old  Com- 
pany,  and  was  unanimously  elected  Captain  and  has  constantly 
labored  in  the  interest  of  the  National  Guards  of  this  State. 

He  has  always  been  in  the  front  ranks  of  the  Republican  party 
ami  has  represented  his  party  both  at  State  and  County  conventions 
and  it  is  a  fact  worthy  of  note  that  he  always  carried  his  friends 
through.  At  the  National  Convention,  it  is  a  well  known  fact  that 
he  was  in  the  front  rank  amongst  the  members  of  the  Pennsylvania 
delegation  and  was  the  original  Harrison  man  from  the  State  of 
Pennsylvania.  With  his  determination  he  continued  the  Harrison 
fight,  and  it  was  unanimously  conceded  that  he  was  the  standard 
bearer  in  the  struggle  of  iSSS. 

Mrs.  Walters  is  the  daughter  of  the  late  David  and  Audora 
Lutshair.  old  citizens  of  Chester  county,  and  their  family  connec- 
tions extend  over  a  period  of  nearly  two  hundred  years. 

His  name  was  prominently  mentioned  for  the  position  of  Naval 
Officer  at  the  Port  of  Philadelphia.  General  Walters  was  solicited 
by  the  citizens  of  Chester  county  to  stand  for  the  Legislature  in 
1890,  ami  had  to  reluctantly  refuse  a  nomination  on  account  of 
accepting  the  position  as  Assistant  United  States  Treasurer.  Cap- 
tain Walters  became  a  member  of  the  Knights  of  the  Golden  Eagle 
in  1886,  by  joining  Washington  Castle.  No.  45,  and  he  has  worked 
hard  for  the  interests  of  the  Order  ever  since.  He  entered  Wash- 
ington Comniandcrv,  No.  15,  as  a  private,  in  1887,  and  has  been 
promoted  through  that  channel  from  Ensign  to  Sergeant,  to  Lieu- 
tenant and  Captain,  and  in  18S8,  was  elected  Major  of  the  Third 
Battalion,  Third  Regiment,  and  in  April,  when  the  State  organiza- 
tion was  divided  into  two  Brigades,  he  was  elected  Brigadier  Gen- 
eral of  the  Second  Brigade,  which  includes  all  the  Cominanderies 
in  the  State  outside  of  Philadelphia,  comprising  three  full  Regi- 
ments of  twelve  Companies  each. 


CHARLES  D.  GREENE 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Charles  D.  Greene,  Prothonotary  of  the 
Supreme  Court,  State  of  Pennsylvania,  is  a  native  of  this  State. 
Since  his  youth  he  has  been  identified  with  military  matters  and 
has  a  record  for  services  in  the  army  during  the  late  War,  ami  in 
the  militia  of  the  State,  hardly  ever  equalled  and  of  which  he  may 
well  look  back  upon  with  a  feeling  of  pride  and  satisfaction.     He 


is  yet  in  service  and  will  so  continue  as  long  as  his  health  will  war- 
rant. In  1852  Mr.  Greene  began  his  military  career  as  a  soldier  in 
the  Eighth  Regiment,  New  York  State  Militia,  and  in  1856  became 
a  member  of  the  Independence  Grays,  First  Regiment,  Pennsvl- 
vania  Militia,  from  which  he  was  honorably  discharged  October, 
1858,  by  reason  of  removal  to  Baltimore.  When  the  memorable 
1  all  to  arms  was  sounded  in  1S61,  he  was  among  the  first  to  re- 
spond, and  was  commissioned  First  Lieutenant  in  the  Twenty-third 
Regiment  Pennsylvania  Volunteers.  March  1,  1S62,  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  Company  H,  Sixty-first  Regiment  Pennsylvania  Volun- 
teers, and  on  October  7,  of  that  year,  he  was  promoted  to  a  Cap- 
taincy. He  served  during  the  war  and  was  mustered  out  June  28, 
1865,  with  the  rank  of  Lieutenant-Colonel.  But  his  military 
career  did  not  end  with  the  close  of  the  War,  for  on  November  1, 
1873,  he  was  commissioned  an  aid-de-camp  in  the  State  Guards  ; 
became  Division  Quarter-master  at  the  same  time,  and  was  re-com- 
missioned to  the  latter  office  on  July  2,  1879,  and  again  on  Novem- 
ber 21,  1SS3,  and  October  26,  1S88.  At  the  present  time  he  is  Div- 
ision Ordnance  Officer  on  Major-General  George  R.  Snowden's 
staff,  having  received  the  appointment  August  12,  1890.  The 
Colonel  has  always  been  of  a  literary  turn  of  mind,  and  after  the 
war  he  began  the  publishing  business  in  this  city,  continuing  until 
1S72.  During  that  time,  he  published  a  number  of  his  own  writ- 
ings, among  which  was  a  volume  entitled  "  Thrilling  Stories  of  the 
Rebellion,  "  which  had  a  very  large  sale.  Since  1872  he  has  been 
connected  with  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  Eastern  District,  and 
since  188  r  he  has  been  Prothonotary.  Some  years  ago  he  took 
advantage  of  the  admirable  facilities  with  which  he  was  surrounded 
and  began  the  study  of  law,  and  about  four  years  ago  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  practice. 

Those  who  know  Colonel  Greene  have  only  words  of  praise  for 
him.  He  is  an  intelligent  and  eloquent  speaker  and  of  a  chcerv, 
kindly  disposition. 


CHARLES  M.  CRESSON.  M.  D. 

Formerly  Manager  and  Chemist  of  the  Philadelphia  Gas 
Works,  and  for  fifteen  years  Chemist  to  the  Board  of  Health,  is  the 
only  son  of  the  late  John  C.  and  Letitia  L.  Cresson.  He  was  born 
in  Cheltenham  township,  Montgomery  county,  February  3,  1828, 
and  when  a  mere  boy  was  sent  to  Professor  Gummere's  famous 
school  in  Burlington,  New  Jersey.  At  the  age  of  ten  he  was 
admitted  to  the  Philadelphia  Central  High  School  at  its  opening, 
October.  1S38,  then  transferred  to  the  University  of  Pennsylvania, 
from  which  he  was  graduated,  and  afterwards  studied  medicine  in 
the  Jefferson  Medical  College.  His  scientific  and  technical  studies 
were  largely  directed  by  Doctors  Robert  Hare,  J.  K.  Mitchell, 
A.  Dallas  Bache  and  Professors  Patterson  and  Frazer.  His  practical 
education  in  topography  and  civil  engineering  was  obtained  from 
S.  W.  Roberts  and  J.  C.  Trautwine.  He  early  made  a  special  study 
of  chemistry,  and  a  considerable  part  of  his  time  even  during  youth 
was  devoted  to  mechanical  and  architectural  drawings  for  the  Phila- 
delphia Gas  Works  and  in  its  chemical  laboratorv.  He  was  then 
elected  First  Assistant  Engineer  of  these  works,  his  duties  being 
the  construction  of  new  work,  and  from  1855  to  1.S64  the  whole  of 
the  management  of  the  mechanical  department  and  the  manufac- 
turing of  gas  devolved  upon  him. 

Dr.  Cresson  has  been  a  prominent  member  of  the  American 
Philosophical  Society  since  1857,  and  has  published  from  time  to 
time  important  articles  upon  "  The  Manufacture  of  Gas,"  "  Explo- 
sion of  Steam  Boilers,"  "The  Effects  of  Electricity  and  Heat  upon 
the  Tensile  Strength  of  Iron,"  "Wood  Preservation,"  "Paper 
Manufacture,"  "  Water  Supplies  of  Cities,"  etc.  He  established 
the  Scientific  Department  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  in  1S6S,  of 
the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  in  1869,  and  of  the  Baltimore  and 
Ohio  in  18S3.  Photography  early  attracted  his  attention  and  from 
the  exhibition  of  tne  fir?t  daguerreotype  up  to  the  present  time  his 
familiarity  with  the  current  improvements  in  that  art  has  been 
maintained.  He  has  devoted  much  time  to  the  study  and  examina- 
tion of  water  chemically  and  microscopically;  and  successful 
determinations  of  the  causes  of  disease  carried  by  the  water  supply 
of  cities  and  towns  have  been  and  arc  now  actively  engaging  his 
attention. 


29 


Independence  Hall 


PH  FLA  DELPHI  A  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


THE  SUPREME  BENCH. 


In  the  Colonial  period,  a  Supreme  Court  for  the  Province  of 

Pennsylvania  was  established  by  order  of  the   Provincial  Council, 

February  I,  16S4;   the  authority  of  the  Council  having  been  derived 

from   the   Royal   Charter  to  William   Penn,  bearing  date  March  4, 

16S1.     In  pursuance  of  that  order  the   Act  of  1684,   ch.    158,   was 

passed,  commissioning  five  justices   for  a  term  of  two  years  from 

June  4,  16S4.     In  1693   the  Court  was  made  to  consist  of  a  Chief 

Justice  and  four  Associate  Justices.     The  tribunal  modified  only  as 

to  the  number  of  its  members,  which,  under  different  Acts   varied 

from  three  and  four  to  five,  continued  until  the  Revolution.      The  Judges 

commissioned  in  16S4  were  Dr.  Nicholas  Morse,  William  Welsh,  William 

Wood,  Robert  Turner  and  John  Eckley.     Those  who  were  in  commission  in 

1776  were  Benjamin   Chew,   C.  J.,  John  Lawrence,   Thomas   Willing  and  John 

Morton.     In  the  intermediate  list  of  justices  appear  such   well-known   names  as 

Benjamin  Chew,  Anthony  Morris,  Edward  Shippen  and  Jasper  Yeates. 

The  first  Chief  Justice  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania,  who  sat  upon  the 
Bench — the  preceding  appointee  having  declined — was  Thomas  McKean.  He  was 
commissioned  July  2S,  1777,  served  two  years,  and  died  June  24,  1817,  aged  eighty-three 
years.  He  was  at  one  time  Governor  of  the  Commonwealth,  and  a  signer  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence.  Following  him  the  Chief  Justices  have  been,  successively  : 
Edward  Shippen,  commissioned  December  iS,  1799;  William  Tilghmau,  February  26.  1806  ; 
John  Bannister  Gibson,  May  iS,  1S27  ;  Jeremiah  S.  Black,  elected  December  r,  1851  ;  bv  rota- 
tion— Ellis  Lewis,  December  4,  1854;  Alfred  H.  Lowrie,  December  7,  1S57;  George  W.  Wood- 
ward, December  7,  [S63  ;  James  Thompson,  December  2,  1N67  ;  John  Meredith  Read,  December 
2,  1S72;  Daniel  Agnew,  December  1,  1873;  George  Sharswood,  December  4,  1S7S ;  Ulysses 
Mercer,  January  1,  1883  ;  Isaac  G.  Gordon,  June  6,  1887  ;  Edward  M.  Paxson,  Januarv  7,  1NS9. 
The  history  of  any  system  of  jurisprudence  is,  in  a  large  measure,  historv  of  the  tribunals 
inaugurated  under  that  system  ;  and  the  action  and  influence  of  these  arc  111  turn  illustrated 
by  the  character  and  achievements  of  the  men  who  mould  the  decisions  of  those  tribunals.  In 
England  Lord  Mansfield  created  out  of  the  principles  of  the  Roman  Law  what  was  practically  a  new  science,  fitted  to  deal  with  the 
problems  of  modern  commerce,  which  in  his  day  suddenly  sprang  into  life.  The  task  allotted  to  the  Judges  in  the  infancy  of  the  Com- 
monwealth of  Pennsylvania,  was  almost  as  great.  The  common  law  in  all  its  integrity  had  been  brought  over  bv  Pcnn's  settlers  and 
its  forms  were  as  rigidly  adhered  to  as  in  England  ;  but  the  Court  of  Chancery.,  whose  powers  of  equitable'  relief  came  in  plav,  where 
unbending  legal  rules  would  work  hardship,  was  wanting.  One  attempt,  indeed,  to  establish  such  a  tribunal  was  made  bv  Governor  Sir 
William  Keith,  but  it  failed  because  the  Governor  and  the  Legislature  disagreed  to  the  person  who  should  exercise  the  function  of  Chan- 
cellor. It  was  reserved  to  Chief  Justice  Tilghmau  to  supply  this  defect  111  the  machinery  of  justice,  bv  introducing  the  principles  of 
equity  into  the  common  law  proceedings  ;  and  to  work  out  this  innovation  so  skilfully  that  while  the  forms  of  action  remained  the  same 
they  were  made  pliable  enough  to  embrace  parties  and  redress  injuries  which  a  court  of  law  had  been  unable  to  reach.  It  is  no  h\  perbole 
to  say  of  this  great  jurist  that  the  very  qualities  which  contributed  to  his  greatness  somewhat  obscured  his  fame.  His  stvle  was  trans- 
parent in  its  simplicity;  and  so  lucid  was  his  manner  of  solving  a  legal  problem  that  the  problem  itself  lost  the  abstrusencss  and  failed 
to  suggest  the  skill  which  had  so  easily  unravelled  it.  Perhaps  110  Judge  ever  cited  fewer  authorities  or  leaned  less  upon  precedent ;  vet 
no  Judge,  perhaps,  was  better  fortified  with  learning,  or  more  religiously  loyal  to  established  legal  principles.  His  private  character  was 
in  keeping  with  his  exalted  reputation  ;  he  was  modest,  humane  and  generous  ;  and  these  qualities  inciting  him,  as  they  did,  to  seek  for 
the  justice  of  every  cause,  strengthened  the  hold  upon  the  profession  which  the  force  of  his  intellect  had  already  secured  for  his  decisions. 
He  was  followed  by  a  successor  who  achieved  a  reputation  as  splendid  as  his  own.  This  sketch  will  not  permit  of  even  the  rudest  outline 
of  the  character  and  achievements  of  John  Bannister  Gibson.  He  has  been  ranked  with  Lord  Mansfield,  and  perhaps  the  massiveuess  of 
intellect  and  aggressiveness  of  will,  which  distinguished  both,  may  have  led  to  the  comparison.  But  the  style  of  Gibson  stands  unique 
and  unapproachable  among  judicial  writings  ;  nervous  and  sententious,  yet  sparkling  with  epigram  ;  concise  as  the  language  of  Coke  in 
its  statement  of  a  legal  proposition,  and  yet  embellished  with  the  highest  graces  of  rhetoric.  His  fame  has  widened  with  everv  vear 
since  his  death,  and  along  with  Marshall  and  Story  and  Kent,  he  has  earned  for  the  Bench  of  America  the  respect  and  admiration  of 
foreign  jurists.  Of  those  who  were  successively  called  to  fill  his  seat — of  Black,  who  left  the  Bench  to  become  the  best  paid  advocate  at 
the  National  Capitol ;  of  Sharswood,  the  consummate  nisi-prius  and  common  law  judge;  and  ot  the  present  Chief  Justice  whose  brief 
but  terse  opinions  are  the  embodiments  of  legal  acumen  and  hard  common  sense,  enlivened  by  an  occasional  sally  of  humor,  the  highest 
praise  which  they  need  covet,  is  that  they  have  labored,  and  not  in  vain,  to  keep  untarnished  the  traditional  lustre  of  the  Supreme  Bench 
of  Pennsylvania. 

Some  ideas  of  the  labors  which  are  cast  upon  the  incumbents  who  now  hold  office,  may  be  obtained  by  a  comparison  between  the 
number  of  reports  of  adjudged  cases  in  the  Supreme  Court  within  two  given  periods.  From  the  year  1791,  when  the  first  report  in 
regular  form  appeared,  to  the  vear  1S51,  when  the  Judiciary  became  elective,  covering  sixty  years,  71  volumes  of  regular  reports  were 
issued  ;  and  in  the  ensuing  term  of  forty  years,  132  volumes  were  added  to  the  list.  In  January,  1891,  the  Judges  of  the  Inferior  Courts, 
from  whose  judgment  an  appeal  lies  to  this  tribunal,  numbered  SS  ;  in  1S51  they  numbered  only  33.  These  figures  suggest  with  some 
vividness  the  increase  in  the  quantity  of  labor  demanded;  but  its  quality  arising  from  the  complex  questions  incident  to  the  changes 
wrought  in  the  organic  law  bv  the  new  Constitution,  and  to  the  enormous  growth  of  corporations  anil  their  tendency  to  consolidate,  is  an 
element  which,  more  than  quantity,  enhances  the  responsibility  and  consequent  arduousness  of  the  work. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


THE  BAR  OF  PHILADELPHIA 


From  the  clays  of  William  I'cim  to  the  present  time  the  Bar  of 
Philadelphia  has  been  justly  famous  for  its  learning,  probity  and 
good  fellowship.  No  wiser  or  more  earnest  body  of  men  existed  in 
any  of  the  colonies  than  the  Provincial  bar  of  this  city,  and  the 
early  legislation  of  the  Province  attests  the  independent  and  pro- 
gressive spirit  of  Pennsylvania  lawmakers,  who  were  many  of  them 
lawyers.  It  should  be  a  matter  of  just  pride  to  the  bar  of  the  City 
of  Philadelphia  that  it  is  lineally  descended  from  such  an  illustrious 

stock. 

The  customs  and  traditions  of  the  early  bar  should  never  be  for- 
gotten, and  in  these  days,  when  the  whirl  of  business  and  the  busy, 
bustling,  practical  spirit  of  modern  times  are  turning  all  professions 
into  money-making  pursuits,  the 
Philadelphia  lawyer  of  to-day  should 
pause  and  reflect  how  much  honor  is 
due  to  the  lawyers  of  Philadelphia 
who  practiced  their  protession  in 
the  courts  of  Pennsylvania  for  the 
period  of  nearly  a  century  before 
the  Declaration  of  Independence. 
No  better  or  simpler  form  of  munici- 
pal government  has  been  adopted 
bv  any  American  city  than  that  set 
forth  iu  William  I'enu's  charter,  and 
to  his  able  and  directing  mind  is 
due  a  simple  system  of  courts  to 
which,  after  many  changes,  we  have 
since  returned. 

For  several  vears  after  the  Dec- 
laration of  Independence  all  men's 
energies  were  devoted  to  the  struggle 
for  freedom,  but  when  the  yoke  <>t 
Great  Britain  was  thrown  oil'  and 
peace  was  restored  then  the  lawyer's 
work  secured  the  liberty  which  the 
soldier's  -word  had  won.  Rules  of 
law  were  to  be  adapted  to  the 
changed  conditions  and  new  ques- 
tions constantly  arose,  and  the  law 
of  England  was  modified  to  suit 
different  wants  and  needs  and  order 
was  forced  to  rise  out  chaos. 

In    1 789 ,   as   the   charter  of  the 


William  Tilghman 


iu     i/i'y,    i^>     n«-     ^..~.> — 

Proprietary  had  been  abrogated  by  the  Revolution,  a  new  charter 
was  granted  to  the  City  of  Philadelphia.  This  was  tinkered  and 
amended  until  the  Consolidation  act  of  1S54,  and  since  then  it  has 
been  pruned  and  grafted  by  all  sorts  of  legislation  until  the  act  of 
1SS5,  known  as  the  "  Bullitt  Bill."  has  simplified  somewhat  our 
cumbrous  system  of  municipal  government,  though  much  has  been 
left  that  is  uncertain  and  complicated.  And  as  the  faults  of  our 
system,  both  financial  and  political,  arc  made  manifest  by  the  cor- 
ruption and  rottenness  which  its  complexity  and  division  of  re- 
sponsibility permits,  the  lawyers  of  to-day  should  endeavor  to  effect 
a  return  to  the  simpler  form  of  government  prescribed  by  the  city's 
founder. 

The  early  legal  history  of  the  Province  shows  an  advanced 
spirit  in  regard  to  procedure  and  a  tendency  towards  simplicity  and 
directness  which  is  in  strong  contrast  to  the  strict  adherence  to  tech- 
nical forms  which  characterized  the  English  Common  lawyer  of 
that  era.  The  system  of  County  Courts,  the  Common  Pleas,  the  Quar- 
ter Sessions  of'the  Peace  and  the  Orphans'  Court,  with  a  Supreme 
Provincial  Court  to  hear  appeals  from  the  County  Courts,  was  in 
the  earliest  days  of  the  Province  like  the  system  in  vogue  to-day, 
but  the  Governor  and  Council  sat  as  a  Court  of  Equity.     Besides 


these  courts  there  was  that  peculiar  body  known  as  the  "  Tcacc 
Makers,"  who,  as  we  read  in  the  records  of  the  Proprietary,  William 
Penn,  were  "to  prevent  law  suits,  to  act  in  the  matter  of  arbitra- 
tions and  to  hear  and  end  differences  between  man  and  man." 

Among  the  judges  of  these  courts  were  many  who  have  handed 
down  illustrious  names  to  their  descendants,  and  in  a  list  of  some 
lawyers  of  the  Province  of  Pennsylvania  are  such  names  as  Hutch- 
inson, Hamilton,  Graeme,  Atherton,  Peters,  Reed,  Dickinson,  Wil- 
ling, McKean,  Tilghman,  Wain,  Chew,  Master,  Morris,  Biddle,  In- 
gersoll  and  many  others  which  are  still  extant  as  family  names  in 
Philadelphia.  The  mention  of  their  names  is  enough  to  recall  the 
fact  that  there  were  giants  in  those  days  in  the  practice  of  the  law. 
Nor  did  the  quality  of  the  bench  or  bar  deteriorate  after  the  Revo- 
lution. The  early  reports  are  full  of  important  cases,  argued  be- 
fore wise  and  painstaking  judges  by 
lawyers  profound  in  their  learning 
and  skillful  in  their  advocacy.  The 
people  had  cast  off  the  bonds  of 
tvranuical  power,  and  bench  and  bar 
had  a  great  problem  before  them, 
how  to  adapt  the  rules  of  common 
law  which  had  grown  up  in  nion- 
archial  England  and  to  modify  the 
feudal  rules  of  real  estate  so  as  to 
conform  to  the  new  ideas  of  a  free 
Commonwealth  and  the  sovereignty 
of  the  people. 

In  the  last  year  of  the  eighteenth 
century  Thomas  McKean,  who  had 
presided  as  Chief  Justice  in  the  ar- 
gument of  the  first  case  reported  in 
the  first  volume  of  Binnev's  reports, 
had  retired  from  ihc  bench,  having 
been  chosen  Governor  of  the  Com- 
monwealth, and  he  was  succeeded  as 
Chief  Justice  by  Rdward  Shippcn. 
Veales,  Smith  and  Breckeuridge 
were  the  Associate  Judges.  Jared 
Iiigersoll  was  Attorney  General. 
Tilghman,  Dallas,  Dickcrson,  Rawle 
and  Leu  is  were  among  the  leading 
counsel  who  appeared  before  them, 
and  the  care  and  skill  with  which 
they  argued  many  great  questions 
may  be  gathered  from  the  pages  ot 
Binney,  Dallas  and  other  earlv  reporters. 

When  William  Tilghman  succeeded  Edward  Shippcn  as  Chief 
Justice,  as  he  did  Februarv  2,  iSo6,  one  of  the  greatest  Judges 
anion-  the  mauv  who  have  added  to  the  renown  of  Pennsylvania 
jurists" took  his  seat  on  the  Supreme  Bench.  The  cases  argued  be- 
fore him  included  matters  of  great  interest  to  the  bar  ot  Pennsyl. 
vania,  and  were  of  vast  importance  to  the  citizens  ot  Pennsylvania. 
\  new  and  hitherto  untried  system  was  inaugurated,  and  it  required 
wise  Judges  and  able  lawvers  to  adapt  the  rules  and  principles  of 
law  to  the  new  order  of  things.  Fortunately  for  the  cause  of  lib- 
erty and  of  popular  government,  both  the  Federal  and  State  Judi- 
ciary and  bar  were  found  equal  to  the  task  imposed  ou  them,  and 
the  elastic  svstcm  of  the  common  law  made  to  lit  our  new  free  insti- 
tutions. Later  came  John  Bannister  Gibson,  than  whom  no  clearer 
or  greater  Judge  has  sat  and  administered  justice  in  English-speak- 
ing lands. 

What  need  to  speak  of  the  .great  men  who  have  passed  away 
within  the  memorv  of  mauv  of  us,  of  George  Sharswood,  William 
Meredith,  St.  George  Tucker  Campbell  and  William  Rawle.  There 
would  be  a  long  list  if  all  were  mentioned  who  have  won  re- 
nown in  their  profession.      But  the  Philadelphia  bar  depends  not 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHI  LADLLPHIAXS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


alone  on  reminiscences  anil  recollections.  It  is  not  alone  by  adher- 
ence to  the  customs  and  traditions  of  the  past  that  it  is  to-day  a 
living  force  and  influence  in  the  community.  It  is  not  alone  be- 
cause of  the  great  names  which  appear  upon  its  muster  roll  that  it 
has  the  confidence  and  respect  of  its  fellow-citizens.  It  is  because 
it  is  a  body  of  men,  earnest,  zealous  and  devoted  to  theirprolession. 
Because,  although  here  and  there  a  man  may  falter  in  his  allegi- 
ance or  be  untrue  to  his  trust,  as  a  body  the  Philadelphia  bar  acts 


been  given  and  taken,  the  contestants  exchange  hand  grasps  and 
are  friends.  Like  the  warrior  hosts  at  the  end  of  the  day's  battle  in 
the  heaven  of  Odin  and  Thor,  they  rest  and  dream  of  future  con- 
flicts. After  the  arguments  before  the  courts  of  last  resort,  the 
leaders  chat  as  pleasantly  as  though  a  few  minutes  before  thev  had 
not  been  striving  with  all  their  mental  force  to  destroy  each  other's 
clients.  There  is  much  good  feeling  at  the  Philadelphia  bar,  very 
little  jealousy  and  littleness.     The  hardest  fighters  in  court  are  often 


with  all  due  fidelity  to  court  and  client,  Because  in  its  ranks  are 
men  equal  in  strength,  equal  in  learning,  equal  in  devotion  to  the 
cause  which  they  represent,  to  any  of  the  leaders  of  the  older  bar. 
Because  in  its  midst  are  men  unselfishly  devoted  to  the  progress  of 
the  science  of  the  law,  and  glad,  at  the  cost  of  money,  time  and 
labor,  to  aid  in  the  enlightenment  of  those  in  quest  of  legal  learn- 
ing. And  despite  the  hurry  of  modern  life  and  the  demand  for 
quick  analysis  and  instant  decision,  notwithstanding  the  need  to 
bend  every  energy,  to  strain  every  nerve,  to  call  on  every  resource 
of  brain  and  body  in  the  struggle  for  professional  existence,  the  bar 
has  its  pleasant  social  side  as  of  yore.  After  the  smoke  and  dust  of 
the  day's  fight  have  passed  away,  although  hard  blows  may   have 


the  jolliest,  pleasantest  fellows  in  social  intercourse,  aud  the  man 
who  has  given  one  the  hardest  fight  is  perhaps  one  of  the  dearest 
friends,  the  most  ready  to  assist  with  good  counsel,  or  to  share  his 
purse  in  time  of  need. 

It  is  well  for  the  community  that  the  bar  has  preserved  its  posi- 
tion. As  we  look  at  the  political  and  financial  world  and  mark  the 
baseness  of  men,  we  can  point  with  pride  to  the  record  of  our  Phil- 
adelphia bar.  How  seldom  has  a  lawyer  betrayed  his  trust.  The 
instances  of  professional  wrong  doing  of  this  character  are  few  in- 
deed. In  the  future  the  bar  of  Philadelphia  has  a  great  work  to 
accomplish.  The  influence  which  its  high  position  gives  should  be 
more  felt  in  all  movements  for  reform.     It  can  and  should  aid  in  all 


PHILADELPHIA  .  IX D  POP!  'L.  IR  PHIL.  IDELPHL  IXS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


efforts  to  get  bcttergovernmcnt.and  it  should  act  with  strenuous  effort 
also  in  every  movement  to  obtain  for  litigants  aspcedierdctermina- 
tion  of  their  cases.  Not  only  should  no  man's  cause  he  delayed  "for 
lucre  or  malice,"  but  no  man's  cause  should  be  delayed  at  all  against 
his  will  unless  for  weighty  reasons. 

The  bar  should  be  progressive  as  well  as  conservative.  It  should 
hold  fast  to  that  which  is  good,  and  strive  for  continual  advance- 
ment.    Thus  and  thus  only  will  it  maintain  its  ancient  supremacy. 


JAMES  W.   PAUL 


Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  on  November  4,  1S16,  both  of  his 
parents  being  members  of  old  and  well  known  families  of  that  city, 
ami  was  the  youngest  child  of  a  large  family  of  children,  most  of 
whom  have  since  occupied  prominent  positions  in  Philadelphia's 
business,  professional  and  social  circles.  After  the  usual  prepara- 
tory course  of  studies  at  the  schools  of  that  day,  both  in  Philadel- 
phia and  Lawrcnceville,  N.  J.,  Mr.  Paul  in  1S29  entered  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania,  he 
being  then  only  thirteen  years 
of  age,  and  successfully  passed 
through  the  full  course  of  four 
years,  graduating  with  high 
honors  in  1S33,  in  a  class 
among  the  members  of  which 
were  the  late  Henry  J.  Biddle, 
Hon.  J.  I.  Clarke  Hare,  Horace 
B.  Wallace  and  others  equally 
well  known.  Shortly  after  his 
graduation,  Mr.  Paul  com- 
menced the  study  of  the  law  as 
a  student  in  the  office  of  James 
S.  Smith,  one  of  the  leading 
practitioners  of  those  days, 
where  he  remained  until  ad- 
mitted to  the  liar  in  1S37,  being 
then  in  his  twenty-first  year, 
and  he  at  once  assumed  a  lead- 
ing position  in  active  practice 
and  has  now  continued  in  the 
same  for  a  period  of  over  fifty- 
three  years.  Of  late  years, 
however,  he  has  devoted  him- 
self more  exclusively  to  Office 
a  n  d  Chamber  practice,  Or- 
phans' Court  business,  settle- 
ment of  Estates  and  rilling  the 
position  of  advisory  Counsel 
and  Solicitor  for  several  banks, 
corporations  and  other  institu- 
tions of  a  similar  character. 
During  the  late  Civil  War  Mr. 
Paul  took  a  firm  position  in 
support  of  the  Government, 
and  with  the  late  Benjamin 
Gerhard,  George  H.  Boker 
and  a  few  other  equally  patri- 
otic citizens,  in  the  early  dark 
days  organized  the  Union  Club,  which  was  the  germ  and  nucleus 
from  which  grew  the  Union  League  of  Philadelphia,  which  assumed 
later  on  such  a  prominent  position  in  aid  of  the  Government. 

Mr.  Paul  has  a  family  of  five  children  living,  namely:  Frank 
W.  Taul,  also  a  member  of  the  Bar  who  is  associated  with  him  in 
practice  ;  AllcnG.Paul,  an  officer  in  the  Navy  ;  James  W.  Paul,  jr., 
a  member  of  the  firm  of  Drexel  &  Co.;  Lawrence  T.  Paul,  an  engi- 
neer well  known  in  electrical  circles,  and  a  daughter  who  is  mar- 
ried to  Hon.  W.  Waldorf  Astor,  of  New  York. 


^T"    N^                  C^MbS  -"* 

*'  j8fr~  w^V 

fc"* 

the  systematic  study  of  the  principles  of  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States  as  a  branch  of  instruction  in  schools  he  proposed  the 
Constitutional  Text  Book,  and  the  First  Book  of  the  Constitution 
which  was  published  in  1855,  and  since  largely  used  as  text  books 
in  schools  and  colleges.  In  1S6S  he  was  nominated  as  the  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  the  office  of  District  Attorney  for  the  City  of 
Philadelphia  and  elected  for  the  term  of  three  years.  In  1S74  he 
was  elected  to  the  same  office  by  a  vote  nearly  1,000  above  the 
average  received  by  the  Democratic  State  ticket.  He  declined  a 
re-nomination  for  a  third  term  and  resumed  his  private  practice. 
In  1S77  and  the  succeeding  year  he  was  a  candidate  for  an  existing 
vacancy  on  the  Supreme  Bench,  but  was  defeated  for  nomination 
by  the  Democratic  Convention  through  a  defection  in  the  Philadel- 
phia delegation,  losing  the  nomination  however  in  the  former  year 
by  only  one  vote.  By  appointment  of  the  Judges  of  the  Supreme 
Court  and  subsequently  of  the  Governor,  he  has  been  an  Inspector 
of  the  Eastern  Penitentiary  for  many  vears. 

During  his  long  professional  career  he  has  been  engaged  in 
many  important  cases  and  has  always  manifested  a  thorough  mas- 
tery of  the  law  and  the  facts, 
while  his  speeches  have  been 
distinguished  for  a  high  order 
ot  eloquence  and  elegance  of 
diction.  Notwithstanding  the 
claims  of  a  busy  professional 
life,  Mr.  Shepparcl  has  found 
time  to  devote  to  the  study  of 
languages  and  his  interest  in 
the  sciences  and  literature  has 
led  to  his  election  as  a  Trustee 
of  the  Jefferson  Medical  Col- 
lege and  to  membership  in  the 
American  Philosophical  Soci- 
ety. It  has  been  said  of  him 
that  the  Greek  and  Latin  clas- 
sics and  the  standard  authori- 
ties in  the  European  languages 
on  these  subjects  arc  as  famil- 
iar to  him  as  the  English,  and 
that  his  learning  is  recognized 
as  prominent  among  scholars. 


LEONARD  MYERS 


James  W.  Paul 


FURMAN  SHEPPARD 

Now  and  for  many  years  one  of  the  acknowledged  leaders  of 
the  Philadelphia  Bar  and  one  of  our  ripest  philosophical  scholars 
and  thinkers,  is  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  and  was  born  atBridgcton, 
November  21,  1S23.  After  graduating  with  distinction  at  Princeton 
in  1S45,  lle  devoted  himself  for  a  time  to  the  teaching  of  the  classics 
and  mathematics,  and  then  commenced  the  study  of  Law  in  the 
office  of  Judge  Garrick  Mallcrv,  with  whom  he  was  subsequently 
associated  in  business  for  several  years.  He  was  admitted  to  the 
Bar  September  7,  1S4.S.  Early  in  his  professional  career  he  became 
interested  in  Constitutional  Law,  and  for  the  purpose  of  introducing 


Was  born  near  Attlebor- 
ough  mow  called  Langhorne), 
Bucks  county,  Pa.,  on  Novem- 
ber 13,  1827,  removing  with 
his  parents  to  Philadelphia  in 
1S37.  He  received  an  academic 
and  collegiate  education,  and 
in  early  life  contributed  to  a 
number  of  magazines,  transla- 
ting also  several  works  from 
the  French.  He  was  admitted 
to  the  Bar  upon  coming  of 
age,  and  soon  obtained  a  good 
practice.  A  few  years  later  he 
was  chosen  Solicitor  of  Spring  Garden  and  also  of  Belmont,  two  of 
the  Municipal  Districts  into  which  the  county  was  then  divided, 
and  in  1854  upon  consolidation,  the  City  Councils  selected  him, 
together  with  the  late  William  Duane,  to  make  a  digest  of  the 
several  ordinances  and  laws  applicable  to  the  new  city.  In  Octo- 
ber, 1S62,  Mr.  Myers  was  elected  to  Congress  from  the  Third 
Philadelphia  District,  and  he  was  re-elected  to  the  five  succeeding 
Congresses  by  largely  increased  majorities.  In  this  arena  he  won  a 
National  reputation.  The  period  of  his  service  was  one  of  intense 
interest,  including  the  war,  reconstruction,  and,  among  many 
others,  the  grave  questions,  constitutional,  financial  and  industrial, 
to  which  the  times  gave  rise.  In  the  debates  attending  these,  Mr. 
Myers  took  an  active  part,  and  25,000  copies  of  his  speech  on  re- 
construction, made  in  1S66,  were  subscribed  to  by  the  National 
Republican  Committee  for  circulation.  He  served  eight  years  on 
the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs.  His  experience  in  patent  causes 
led  to  his  appointment  upon  the  Committee  on  Patents,  where  he 
served  ten  years  and  of  which  he  became  Chairman.  He  was  also 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Naval  Affairs  and  several  special 
committees.  He  warmly  favored  the  purchase  of  Alaska,  claiming 
not  only  that  its  possession  by  the  United  States  was  one  of  power, 
which  England  would  gladly  obtain  if  we  rejected  it,  but  that  its 
seal  and  other  fisheries  and  its  mineral  wealth  would  far  more  than 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


compensate  us  for  the  outlay.  Mr.  Blaine  has  quoted  from  this 
speech  in  his  "Twenty  Years  in  Congress."  From  the  Foreign 
Affairs  Committee  Mr.  Myers  also  aided  to  report  the  no.v  cele- 
brated Act  of  July  27,  1S68,  which  asserts  the  rights  of  American 
citizens  in  foreign  countries  and  which  was  followed  by  the  Motley- 
Clarendon  Naturalization  Treaty  of  1870,  wherein  Great  Britain  for 
the  first  time  yielded  her  contention,  which  not  even  the  war  of 
1S12  had  settled,  against  the  right  of  expatriation.  In  the  case  of 
Dr.  Houard,  of  Philadelphia,  who,  while  residing  in  the  island  of 
Cuba,  was  sentenced  to  death  by  a  military  court  martial,  he  de- 
fended the  rights  of  American  citizenship  with  good  effect.  The 
resolution  passed  by  the  House  of  Representatives  induced  Spain  to 
release  Houard.  Mr.  Myers  took  great  interest  in  the  inventors  of 
the  country,  incorporated  some  valuable  amendments  in  the  patent 
laws,  and  was  the  author  of  the  policy  by  which  photo-lithographic 
or  like  copies  of  the  drawings  of  patents  are  given  weekly  to  the 
public.  From  the  Naval  Committee  he  reported  and  obtained  the 
passage  of  his  bill  to  allow  the  sailors  a  free  outfit  of  clothing,  such 
as  is  received  by  the  soldiers  and  marines,  which  would  have  ma- 
terially bettered  the  morale  of  the  Navy,  but  subsequent  Congresses 
failed  to  continue  the  needed  appropriations.  He  did  excellent  ser- 
vice in  relation  to  the  bill  creating  the  Centennial  Board  of  Finance, 
without  which,  it  was  conceded,  the  Exposition  would  not  have 
been  a  success.  This  measure  was  introduced  by  Mr.  Myers, 
reported  and  placed  on  its  passage  by  him,  and  was  a  fitting  sequel 
to  his  efforts  toward  securing  the  City  of  Independence  as  a  site  for 
celebrating  its  one  hundredth  anniversary.  The  pages  of  the  <_<>«- 
grcssioiial  Record  attest  his  zeal  on  all  proper  occasions.  Mr. 
Myers,  however,  did  not  encumber  the  proceedings  with  too  frequent 
remarks.  A  faithful  representative  had  much  else  to  occupv  him, 
whether  in  Committee,  by  correspondence,  or  labor  outside  of  the 
halls  of  Congress,  especially  in  the  busy  days  during  and  following 
the  Civil  War.  His  fidelity  was  testified  in  many  ways  ;  nor  was  he 
idle  at  home.  He  spoke  in  many  canvasses  other  than  his  own,  and 
and  on  other  subjects  of  interest  to  the  people.  The  most  memo- 
rable was  an  address  in  Philadelphia,  in  May,  1S65,  upon  the  d"ath 
of  President  Lincoln,  which  received  much  commendation.  Another 
of  his  best  efforts  was  at  Frankford,  on  Decoration  Day,  in  1874. 
On  leaving  Congress  in  March,  1873,  Mr.  Myers  returned  to  the 
active  practice  of  the  law.  His  experience  caused  him  to  be  re- 
tained in  a  number  of  cases  involving  national  and  inter-national 
law,  as  well  as  in  local  affairs.  The  most  celebrated  of  these  have 
been  the  French  Spoliation  Claims.  He  was  largely  instrumental 
in  having  them  sent  to  the  Court  of  Claims  for  adjudication,  and 
devoted  much  time  to  the  trials.  Mr.  Myers  married  Miss  Hcttic 
dc  Bcunevillc  Kciui,  an  estimable  ami  cultured  ladv,  now  deceased 


L.  R.  FLETCHER 


This  successful  lawyer  and  popular  ex-official  was  born  in  Sus- 
sex, N.  J.,  and  his  ancestry  dates  back  to  1625,  when  thev  settled 
in  Massachusetts.  His  father  was  a  minister,  and  was  for  years 
pastor  of  the  Great  Valley  Baptist  Church.  Mr.  Fletcher's  educa- 
tion was  obtained  at  the  Madison  University,  Hamilton,  New  York, 
and  he  subsequently  eutered  the  law  office  of  Col.  Wm.  B.  Mann, 
under  whose  instruction  he  pursued  a  course  of  law  studies  for  three 
vears,  and  on  Fcbuary  14,  1S51,  he  was  admitted  to  the  Philadelphia 
Bar.  He  was  successfully-  engaged  in  civil  and  criminal  practice  and 
soon  took  a  prominent  place  among  the  younger  attorneys.  In  1S61 
he  engaged  in  political  work,  and  from  1862  to  1S64  was  President 
of  the  Board  of  Control.  He  was  an  earnest  worker  in  behalf  of 
improvements  in  the  management  of  school  affairs,  and  by  his  un- 
remitting efforts  he  brought  about  many  important  reforms.  Among 
these  were  the  establishment  of  a  board  for  the  examination  of 
teachers,  which  was  made  compulsory-,  and  the  ownership  of  school 
buildings  by  the  city.  In  1863  on  his  recommendation  the  terms  of 
city  officials  were  made  to  begin  and  end  January  1st,  instead  of 
July  1st.  Mr.  Fletcher  was  Chairman  of  the  Republican  City  Com- 
mittee when  Alex.  Henry-  was  elected  Mayor  of  Philadelphia. 

Mr.  Fletcher  is  one  of  the  oldest  and  ablest  members  of  the  bar 
of  this  city,  and  his  practice  in  all  the  courts  of  the  State  and  in  the 
United  States  courts  has  attained  large  proportions.  He  is  an 
honorable  member  of  the  Masonic  and  Odd  Fellow  fraternities. 


LEWIS  STOVER 

One  of  the  ablest  counsellors  of  Philadelphia's  notably  able  Bar, 
was  born  October  13,  1S24,  on  a  farm  on  the  banks  of  the  Delaware 
River,  in  the  northern  part  of  Bucks  County,  Pa.,  and  his  early 
life  was  alternately  passed  in  the  arduous  work  afield  and  ill  attend- 
ance on  the  district  schools  of  his  native  section. 


He  was  prepared  for  college  at  Easton,  Pa.,  and  pursued  a  full 
classical  course  of  study  at  Princeton  College,  N.  J.,  from  which  he 
was  graduated  with  honors  with  the  Class  of  1850.  He  shortly  after- 
wards entered  the  law  office  of  the  Hon.  Peter  McCall,  of  Philadel- 
phia, and  entered  himself  as  a  student  in  the  Law  Department  of 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  from  which  he  was  graduated,  and 
at  once  was  admitted  to  practice  law  in  the  courts  of  Philadelphia 
county. 

Mr.  Stover  was  always  a  studious,  hard-working  attorney,  and 
has  pursued  the  practice  of  his  profession  uninterruptedly  in  this 
city  with  marked  success,  and  is  recognized  by  Bench  and  Bar  alike 
as  a  sagacious,  safe  counsellor  and  an  able  advocate. 

His  practice  has  been  largely  confined  to  civil  and  equity  cases, 
and  the  preparation  of  his  cases  has  always  been  marked  by  thor- 
ough preparation  and  careful  study. 

He  enjoys  an  extensive  practice  in  the  Orphans'  Court  in  the 
settlemeut  of  estates,  and  is  recognized  as  an  authority  in  intestacy 
and  the  practice  in  settlement  of  decedents'  estates,  as  well  as  in 
equity  cases.  He  is  a  genial,  courleous  and  cultured  gentleman, 
and  is  held  in  high  esteem  as  a  lawyer  and  citizen. 


F.  CARROLL  BREWSTER 

A  lineal  descendent  of  William,  known  among  the  Pilgrim 
fathers  as  "  Elder  Brewster,"  one  of  the  noble  spirits  who,  in  the 
early  years  of  the  seventeenth  century,  signed  "  a  solemn  volun- 
tary compact,"  drawn  up  in  the  cabin  of  the  Mayflower,  which 
agreement  history  records  as  "  the  birth,  in  this  country,  of  popular 
constitutional  liberty,"  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  May  15,  1825. 
The  descendants  of  "Deacon  Brewster"  were  numerous  and  scat- 
tered throughout  the  Eastern  and  Middle  States,  and  among  these 
there  were  many  prominent  lawyers,  physicians  and  divines.  One 
of  these,  a  very  popular  and  successful  physician,  settled  in  Deer- 
field,  Cumberland  County,  N.  J.,  where  there  was  born  to  him  a  son, 
Francis  Enoch  Brewster,  the  father  of  Judge  Brewster,  the  subject 
of  this  sketch.  Young  Francis  was  sent  to  Philadelphia  where  he 
was  educated,  ami  after  pursuing  a  course  of  law  studies,  he  was 
admitted  to  the  Bar,  and  enjoyed  a  large  practice  for  many  years. 
He  was  distinguished  as  an  advocate  for  his  close  reasoning  ami 
ready  wit,  and  in  the  use  of  sarcasm  he  was  without  his  equal  111  his 
day.  He  sent  his  son,  Frederick  C,  to  the  Old  Friends'  Select 
School,  at  Fourth  anil  Arch  streets,  where  he  was  carefully  instructed 
and  soon  prepared  for  college  by  "Teacher"  Lougstreth.  He  en- 
tered the  University  of  Pennsylvania  while  Rev.  Dr.  Ludlow,  the 
father  of  Judge  Ludlow,  was  provost,  and  such  was  his  application 
and  aptitude  for  study  that  he  was  graduated  from  the  institution 
with  all  honors  at  the  age  of  sixteen  years.  Hon.  Horatio  Gates 
Jones  and  William  Henry  Rawle  were  classmates  of  Judge  Brewster. 
Leaving  the  University  he  began  his  law  studies  in  his  father's 
office,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  September  20,  1844. 

In  his  profession  he  achieved  marked  success.  One  of  the 
causes  celebre  in  which  he  was  engaged  was  the  case  of  Common- 
wealth I'S.  Samuel  Cunningham,  for  the  murder  of  a  policeman. 
In  this  case  Judge  Brewster  obtained  for  his  client  an  acquittal,  and 
secured  the  settlement  affirmatively  by  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Pennsylvania  of  the  then  mooted  question,  whether  a  well  founded 
apprehension  of  the  intention  of  an  assailant  to  indict  bodily  harm, 
is  sufficient  cause  for  the  exercise  of  self  defense,  even  to  the  ex- 
tremity of  taking  life.  The  trial  of  Lcuairs  for  murder,  in  which 
the  same  principle  was  affirmed,  was  another  ot  his  great  victories 
in  the  criminal  courts.  The  Kirkpatrick  poisoning  case  he  man- 
aged with  consummate  ability  and  almost  single-handed;  he  was  suc- 
cessful against  Judge  Kelly  and  George  A.  Coffey,  who  conducted 
the  prosecution. 

In  1S56  as  counsel  for  William  B.  Mann  in  the  celebrated  con- 
tested election  case  between  his  client  and  Lewis  C.  Cassidy,  he  was 
again  successful,  and  many  other  peaceful  victories  are  recorded, 
among  which  one  of  the  most  noted  was  his  advocacy  of  the  right 
of  Congress  to  pa-s  a  law  which  could  change  a  contract  executed 
before  the  date  of  the  law,  the  question  being  whether  the  tender  of 
United  States  legal  tender  notes  was  sufficient  where  the  contract 
required  the  payment  in  silver  coin. 

In  1S62  he  was  nominated  by  the  Republicans  as  their  candi- 
date for  City  Solicitor,  and  defeated  William  L.  Hirst  by  a  large 
majority,  in  which  capacity  he  found  occasion  for  the  exercise  of 
his  great  learning  and  legal  talent  in  sustaining  the  validity  of 
the  Girard  bequests,  one  of  which,  known  as  the  "  Girard  College 
Trust,"  involved  the  block  of  ground  between  Chestnut  and  Market 
and  Eleventh  and  Twelfth  streets.  H.  D.  Foster,  Ex-Judge  Parry, 
Frank  Hughes,  Ex-Judge  Knox,  and  Messrs.  Coates  and  Dewees 
were  retained  as  counsel  for  the  heirs  and  had  obtained  a  decision 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


adverse  to  the  city.  The  new  City  Solicitor  appealed  the  case,  and 
with  David  W.  Sellers,  Esq.,  argued  the  appeal  before  the  Supreme 
Court,  where  the  decision  in  the  court  below  was  reversed.  In  the 
Chestnut  Street  Bridge  case  additional  laurels  were  added  to  Mr. 
Brewster's  civic  crown.  The  most  eventful,  although  not  the  most 
celebrated,  case  was  that  of  the  Mintzer  contested  will  case,  in 
which  Mr.  Brewster's  eloquence  was  so  powerful  as  to  move  Judge, 
jury  and  spectators  to  tears,  and  a  new  trial  was  granted  by  Judge 
Ludlow  on  the  ground  that  the  "  eloquence  of  Mr.  Brewster  had 
been  so  irresistible  that  no  twelve  sane  men  could  have  failed  to  be 
controlled  by  it. "  The  case,  however,  was  never  re-tried.  At  the 
close  of  his  first  term  as  City  Solicitor  Mr.  Brewster  was  re-elected, 
but  before  his  second  term  was  fairly  begun  he  was  elected  one  of 
the  Judges  of  the  Courts  of  Philadelphia. 

After  serving  with  ability  on  the  Bench  for  three  years,  he  was 
appointed  Attorney-General  by  Governor  Geary,  which  position  he 
filled  with  great  credit  for  three  years,   1869-70-71. 

He  was  famous  as  a  law  preceptor,  and  over  fifty  gentlemen  have 
studied  law  under  his  direction  and  been  admitted  to  the  Bar. 
For  many  years  Judge  Brews- 
ter has  been  recognized  uni- 
versally as  the  leader  among 
his  contemporaries  in  Penn- 
sylvania, saving  the  eminent 
Judge  Jerry  S.  Black,  of  whom 
he  was  an  acknowledged  peer. 

Brewster's  Digest  of  Penu- 
svlvania  Decisions. 

Brewster's  Reports,  4  vols. 

Brewster's  Blacktonc.with 
rule  in  Shelly 's  case. 

Brewster's  Practice,  2  vols. 

Brewster's   Molicre,    Life 
and  Plays. 

Brewster's  Disneli. 


editorial  writing.  In  1863  he  entered  the  office  of  John  C.  Bullitt, 
Esq.  Mr.  Dickson  has  been  concerned  in  the  foreclosure  and  reor- 
ganization of  many  railroads,  and  was  one  of  the  counsel  for  the 
receivers  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad  Companv 
during  both  the  receiverships,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of 
Reorganization  and  the  Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee 
which  restored  the  road  to  its  stockholders. 

In  1S67  Mr.  Dickson  married  a  daughter  of  the  late  Erskine 
Hazard. 


JAMES  H.  LITTLE 


Was  born  December  1, 
1S35,  in  the  City  of  Baltimore, 
Mel.,  parentage  Henry  and 
Margaret  Little,  was  brought 
in  early  life  to  Philadelphia, 
where  lie  was  educated  in  pri- 
vate and  public  schools,  gradu- 
ating mcritoriouslv  from  the 
Central  High  School  of  that 
city  in  February,  1863,  and 
securing  therefrom ,  successi  vc- 
ly,  the  degrees  of  A.  B.  and 
A.  M.,  subsequently  entered 
the  office  of  the  late  Charles  E. 
Lex,  Esq.,  as  a  law  student. 
Was  admitted  to  the  Bar  of 
Philadelphia,  December  13, 
1S56,  and  afterwards  to  that 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Penn  - 
sylvania  anil  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States. 
Since  attaining  his  majority,  Mr.  Little  has  been  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  his  profession,  representing  at  times  important  private 
and  corporate  interests. 


WILLIAM   C.  HANNIS 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  March  4,  1S35,  educated  at  Free- 
mont  Seminary,  Norristown,  Pa.,  graduated  from  the  Law  Depart- 
ment of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  and  admitted  to  the  Bar  of 
Philadelphia  on  March  4,  185S.  '  Since  his  admission  he  has  been 
continually  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession,  and  has  held 
no  other  office.  He  has  declined  all  practice  in  the  criminal 
courts  and  never  appears 
there,  except  iu  rare  and  ex- 
ceptional cases.  On  all  other 
subjects  his  practice  has  been 
large  and  varied,  and  he  has 
been  retained  in  many  im- 
portant cases,  among  others, 
by  the  Reconstruction  Trus- 
tees, for  the  reorganization  of 
the  Philadelphia  &  Reading 
Railroad  Company,  audit  was 
under  his  advice  and  guidance 
that  the  late  plan  of  reorgani- 
zation of  said  company  was 
formulated  and  carried  into 
execution.  He  is  a  Republi- 
can in  politics,  but  non-partisan 
in  local  matters. 


F.  Carroll  Brewster 


SAMUEL  DICKSON 


Who  for  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  has  been  associated 
with  John  C.  Bullitt,  Esq.,  in  the  practice  of  the  law,  was  born  near 
Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  February  2,  1837.  He  came  to  Philadelphia  in 
1S50,  and  after  having  completed  his  preparation  for  college  was 
entered  as  a  student  in  the  Department  ot  Arts  in  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  the  class  of  1S55. 
He  was  then  registered  as  a  student  of  law  in  the  office  of  Constant 
Guillou,  Esq.,  and  after  attending  lectures  at  the  Law  School  of  the 
University  for  two  years  was  admitted  to  the  Bar,  October,  1S5S. 
About  two  years  after  his  admission  to  the  Bar  the  place  of  Librar- 
ian of  the  Law  Library  became  vacant  by  the  resignation  of  John 
William  Wallace,  and  Mr.  Dickson  was  appointed  to  fill  it,  a  posi- 
tion that  he  held  four  years,  when  he  resigned  and  was  succeeded 
by  James  T.  Mitchell,  now  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  State.     During  his  occupancy  of  this  position  he  did  some 


LEWIS  D.  VAIL 

Was  born  at  Stroudsburg, 
Monroe  county.  Pennsylvania, 
March  17,  1832.  His  father, 
Dr.  Charles  Vail,  was  from 
Morris  county,  N.  J.,  and 
practiced  medicine  many  years 
at  Stroudsburg,  where  he  died 
in  1830.  His  mother  was  Ra- 
chel DePui  Stroud,  a  descend- 
ant of  the  first  settlers  of  this 
State.  Mr.  Vail  was  a  fresh- 
man and  sophomore  at  Lafay- 
ette College,  Eastou,  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  then  went  to  Prince- 
ton College,  where  he  gradu- 
ated in  1851.  That  winter  he 
taught  the  district  school  at 
Shawnee,  Pa.,  and  in  thespring 
of  1852  he  took  charge  of  the 
Stroudsburg  Academy.  The  fall  of  1854  he  re-organized  and  graded 
the  public  schools  of  that  place. 

Early  in  1S56  he  removed  to  Philadelphia,  and  studied  law 
under  the  direction  of  Richard  C.  McMurtrie,  Esq.,  one  of  the 
ablest  lawyers  of  that  city.  In  1858  he  was  admitted  to  practice, 
aud  his  standing  before  the  court  can  be  judged  from  the  testimon- 
ials given  by  the  Philadelphia  Judges  in  the  year  1S88,  when  Mr.  Vail 
had  been  named  as  a  candidate  for  the  position  of  Associate  Law 
Judge  of  Lackawanna  county,  from  which  the  following  extract  is 
taken,  viz  : 

"  Mr.  Vail  has  for  many  years  been  an  active  and  prominent 
member  of  the  legal  profession  of  this  city,  whose  ability  and 
learning  as  well  as  his  fidelity  to  the  Bench  aud  to  his  clients,  has 
commended  him  to  the  confidence  of  every  one,  and  has  gained 
for  him  the  fullest  confidence  of  the  Bench  of  this  city." 

He  has  acted  in  many  notable  cases.  From  the  foundation  of 
the  Law  and  Order  Society,  he  has  been  their  attorney,  and  by  his 
skill  and  firmness  has  won  the  respect  and  the  gratitude  of  good 
citizens.  In  i860  he  married  a  daughter  of  Hon.  George  M.  Stroud, 
and  has  seven  sous  and  two  living  daughters.  Two  of  his  sons  are 
farmers,  one  is  a  minister,  two  are  iu  college,  and  two  at  school. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  church,  for  many  years 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


Warden  and  a  delegate  to  the  Diocesan  Convention.  He  is  a 
manager  of  the  Germantown  Young  Men's  Christian  Association, 
and  also  of  the  Philadelphia  Sabbath  Society.  Several  years  he 
was  Secretary  of  the  Pennsylvania  Sabbath  School  Association. 


RICHARD   LEWIS  ASHHURST 

Was  born  February  5,  1S3S,  at  Naples,  Italy,  where  his  parents 
were  then  temporarily  sojourning.  He  is  the  son  of  John  Ashhurst 
and  Harriet,  daughter  of  Manuel  Eyre,  both  of  Philadelphia.  He 
graduated  from  the  Department  of  Arts  of  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania, July,  1S56,  and  received  degree  of  Master  of  Art,  July, 
1859.  He  delivered  the  Greek  Salutatory  Oration  at  the  commence- 
ment in  1856.  He  studied  law  with  Hon.  Win.  M.  Meredith,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  Philadelphia  Bar  June,  1S59.  In  the  same  }-ear 
he  received  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Laws  from  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania.  In  August,  1862,  he  entered  into  the  service  of  the 
United  States  as  First  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant  of  the  One  Hundred 
and  Fiftieth  Regiment  of  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  commanded  by 
Colonel  LanghamWister.  This  regiment  was  attached  to  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  constituting  part  of  the  Third  Division  of  the 
First  Army  Corps.  R.  L.  Ashhurst  received  two  brevets,  the  first  as 
Captain  for  meritorious  service,  at  Chancellorsville,  and  the  second 
as  Major  for  distinguished  gallantry  at  Gettysburg.  He  was  severely 
wounded  at  Gettysburg  and  resigned  from  the  service  September, 
1863.  Since  that  time  he  has  been  continuously  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  his  profession.  He  has  always  been  a  Republican  in 
politics,  but  has  never  held  or  been  a  candidate  for  any  public 
office. 


THOMAS  R.  ELCOCK 

Judge  Elcock,  as  he  is  familiarly  known  in  legal  circles,  is  one  of 
the  most  prominent  and  successful  lawvers  of  Philadelphia,  a  dis- 
tinction won  wholly  upon  his  merits.  He  continues  as  hard  stu- 
dent now  as  when  he  first  began  the  study  of  law,  and  to  his  close 
application  to  his  profession  is  largely  due  his  prominence  among 
our  great  attorneys.  He  is  one  of  the  ablest  speakers  at  the  Phila- 
delphia Bar,  and  an  address  from  him  never  fails  to  interest  and 
instruct  those  who  hear  it,  as  it  is  replete  with  sound  logic,  is  care- 
fullv  worded  and  delivered  in  a  most  pleasing  manner,  forcible  at 
times,  but  never  inelegant,  and  only  harmful  to  those  deserving  of 
harsh  words.  Mr.  E.cock  was  born  in  this  city  in  the  year  1840, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  of  Philadelphia  in  1S61,  after  a  careful 
preparation  under  some  of  the  most  noted  attorneys  of  the  day.  His 
ability  soon  commanded  public  attention,  and  it  was  not  long  after 
he  was  entitled  to  the  Esquire  after  his  name  that  he  had  succeeded 
in  establishing  a  large  general  practice,  which  continued  until  1874, 
when  he  was  elected  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas,  which  office  he  held  for  the  full  term  of  ten  years.  He  was 
as  efficient  on  the  Bench  as  he  had  been  before  it,  and  his  rulings 
and  decisions  were  as  impartial  as  they  were  sound  and  logical. 
After  retiring  from  the  Judgeship  he  resumed  general  legal  prac- 
tice, and  to-day  has  as  large  a  clientage  as  any  lawyer  in  the  city. 
He  has  taken  part,  both  while  on  the  Bench  and  at  the  Bar,  in  many 
of  the  most  important  cases,  both  civil  and  criminal,  tried  in  the 
city,  as  well  as  before  the  Supreme  tribunals.  He  is  a  member  of 
many  social  organizations,  including  the  famous  Clover  Club,  a 
director  of  the  Beneficial  Saving  Fund  and  a  trustee  of  a  number  of 
charitable  institutions.  Socially,  Mr.  Elcock  is  without  a  peer, 
humorous  in  the  extreme,  and  can  tell  and  enjoy  a  good  story  with 
the  best  of  his  fellow  professionals.  Intellectually,  he  is  far  above 
the  average;  in  short,  he  is  one  who  commands  respect  and  esteem 
from  those  with  whom  he  comes  in  contact. 


JAMES  R.  BOOTH 

James  R.  Booth  was  born  at  Forfar,  Scotland,  April  8,  1S39. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Philadelphia,  and  gradu- 
ated from  the  Central  High  School  in  February,  1S58.  He  received 
the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts  from  that  institution  in  February,  1S62. 
He  studied  law  with  Wardale  S:  McAllister,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
Bar  on  March  12,  186 1. 

He  was  Clerk  of  the  old  Court  of  Common  Pleas  under  Prothon- 
otaries  Charles  D.  Knight  and  Frederick  G.  Wolbert.  He  was  city 
editor  of  The  Press  for  several  years,  and  was  after%vard  on  the  edi- 
torial staff  of  the  Democratic  newspaper  called  The  Age.  Subse- 
quently he  devoted  his  entire  time  to  the  practice  of  his  profession, 
which  was  large  and  remunerative.     He  married  Mary  E.,  daughter 


of  the  late  John  Cassidy,  on  January  29,  1S66,  and  has  two  children. 
He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Commonwealth  Title  Company, 
anil  during  the  first  year  of  its  existence  was  one  of  its  Board  of 
Directors,  resigning  therefrom  by  reason  of  a  pressure  of  other  busi- 
ness. He  is  an  active  member  of  the  St.  Andrew's  Society  and 
other  charitable  organizations,  and  is  one  of  the  Board  of  Directors 
of  the  Society  for  the  Prevention  of  Cruelty  to  Animals. 


ROBERT  H.  HINCKLEY 

A  lineal  descendant  of  Governor  Thomas  Hinckley  who  was 
Governor  of  the  Plymouth  Colony,  Mass.,  from  16S1  to  1692. 

Mr.  Hinckley  was  born  within  the  limits  of  the  old  district  of 
Northern  Liberties  of  Philadelphia.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  and  graduated  at  the  Central  High  School  in  1859. 

He  studied  law  in  the  office  of  George  Junkin,  Esq.,  and  re- 
mained with  that  gentleman  for  sixteen  years. 

Mr.  Hinckley  has  been  engaged  in  active  practice  since  his 
admission,  in  1864.  He  defended  the  election  officers  who  were 
sued  by  Miss  Carrie  Burnbam  (afterward  Mrs.  Kilgore)  who  claimed 
that  she  was  entitled  to  vote  under  the  State  Constitution.  In  the 
case  of  Hatchett  vs.  Little,  reported  in  116  United  States  Reports, 
Mr.  Hinckley  argued  before  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States 
the  question  whether  a  passenger  who  had  no  control  over  the 
vehicle  could  have  the  negligence  of  the  driver  imputed  to  him. 
The  English  case  of  Thorogood  VS.  Bryan  had  been  followed  in 
Pennsylvania,  but  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  accorded 
with  Mr.  Hinckley's  line  of  argument  and  refused  to  follow  that 
precedent. 

Mr.  Hinckley  attends  the  Chambers  Presbyterian  Church  and  is 
active  in  its  Sunday  School.  He  represents  seseral  corporations 
and  societies,  and  has  acted  in  the  settlement  of  several  large 
estates  in  some  of  which  he  has  been  executor. 


JOHN  CHRISTIAN  BULLITT 

There  is  no  lawyer  at  the  Philadelphia  Bar  more  distinguished 
or  successful  than  John  C.  Bullitt,  who  was  born  in  Jefferson  County, 
Kentucky,  February  10,  1824.  Mr.  Bullitt's  ancestry  is  as  old  as  it 
was  prominent  and  respectable.  The  first  of  the  family  to  locate  in 
America  was  a  French  Huguenot,  Benjamin  Bullitt,  who  left  the  pro- 
vince of  Languedoc  to  escape  the  persecution  that  followed  the 
revocation  of  the  Edict  of  Nantes,  and  upon  his  arrival  in  this  coun- 
try settled  near  Port  Tobacco,  Maryland.  He  had  one  son,  Benja- 
min, who  purchased  lands  in  Fauquier  County,  Virginia,  in  1727, 
and  there  married  Elizabeth  Harrison,  the  result  of  the  union  being 
five  children,  one  of  whom,  Captain  Thomas  Bullitt,  visited  the 
Falls  of  Ohio  in  1773,  and  there  laid  out  the  City  of  Louisville. 
Cuthbert  Bullitt,  another  son,  married  Helen  Scott,  of  Prince  Wil- 
liam Counts',  Virginia,  and  was  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  that  state.  Their  son,  Alexander  Scott  Bullitt,  settled  in 
Kentucky  in  1783,  and  purchased  near  Louisville  a  tract  of  1000 
acres,  which  was  called  Oxmoor,  and  is  now  owned  by  John  C.  Bul- 
litt. He  married  a  niece  of  Patrick  Henry,  a  Miss  Christian,  and 
ranked  among  the  most  prominent  Kentuckians  of  his  day.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  convention  that  framed  the  Constitution  of  the 
State,  President  of  the  second  Constitutional  Convention,  served  in 
both  branches  of  the  Legislature,  and  one  term  as  Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor. His  son,  William  C.  Bullitt,  father  of  the  subject  of  this 
sketch,  was  a  member  of  the  third  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Kentucky.  Another  son,  Joshua  Fry  Bullitt,  held  the  office  of 
Chief  Justice  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  of  Kentucky,  and  assisted  in 
revising  the  code  of  practice  and  the  civil  code  of  the  State.  A  third 
son.  Theodore  W.  Bullitt,  is  at  the  present  time  one  of  the  leaders 
of  the  Kentucky  Bar.  John  C.  Bullitt's  mother  was  Mildred  Ann 
Frv,  whose  great-grandfather,  Joshua  Fry-,  came  from  England  to 
America  before  the  Revolution,  and  held  a  prominent  place  in  the 
historv  of  the  colony  of  Virginia,  commanding  a  regiment  of  colon- 
ial troops  in  Braddock's  campaign,  and  at  his  death  he  was  suc- 
ceeded in  command  by  George  Washington. 

Mr.  Bullitt  graduated  at  eighteen  with  honor  from  Centre  Col- 
lege, Danville,  Ky.,  studied  law  at  the  L'niversity  of  Lexington, 
and  at  the  age  of  twenty-one  was  admitted  to  the  Louisville  Bar. 
He  located  at  Clarksville,  Tenn.,  in  September,  1S45,  but  resided 
there  onlv  a  brief  period.  Later,  he  returned  to  Louisville,  where 
he  remained  three  years,  and  in  1S49  he  came  to  Philadelphia.  He 
lias  since  resided  here.  Mr.  Bullitt  was  educated  in  the  faith  of  the 
Whig  partv,  and  his  first  Philadelphia  appearance  in  matters  polit- 
ical was  at  a  meeting  held  July  8,  1850,  in  the  Chinese  Museum 
building,   at  Ninth   and   Sansom   Streets,   where   the  Continental 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


Motel  now  stands.  He  delivered  an  able  and  vigorous  address,  and 
at  its  conclusion  three  hearty  cheers  were  given  him.  Upon  the 
dissolution  of  the  Whig  party  Mr.  Bullitt  identified  himself  with 
the  Democrats,  a  change  that  was  very  unpopular  at  that  time  in 
Philadelphia.  Although  a  Democrat,  he  neither  approved  of  seces- 
sion nor  of  the  extreme  views  held  by  the  Republican  partv, 
and  he  was  among  the  leading  spirits  of  his  party  in  the  State  to 
restrain  the  dominant  party  within  legitimate  and  conservative 
bounds.  He  found  that  the  war  was  inevitable,  however,  and  con- 
sidering his  first  obligation  was  to  Pennsylvania,  he  did  his  whole 
duty  as  a  citizen  of  the  State. 

As  a  lawyer  Mr.  Bullitt  has  been  most  conspicuous  in  the  set- 
tlement of  the  tangled  affairs  of  railroad  and  banking  corporations. 
While  it  has  been  the  province  of  others  to  fit  them  only  for  the 
hands  of  the  receivers,  it  has  been  his  part  to  refit  them  for  the 
hands  of  their  stockholders. 

He  was  the  leading  counsel  for  the  syndicate  of  capitalists  who 
proposed  to  rescue  the  Philadelphia  &  Reading  Railroad  Company 
from  the  shoals  and  rocks  on  which  it  had  been  cast,  and  to  restore 
it  to  its  security  holders. 

How  well  he  succeeded  is 
shown  by  the  present  exist- 
ence of  the  company.  In  the 
case  of  the  failure  in  1S73  of 
the  great  banking  house  of  Jav 
Cooke  and  Co.,  Mr.  Bullitt  was 
wholly  successful  in  protecting 
all  of  those  who  accepted  his 
counsel,  and  his  was  the  direct- 
ing mind  in  the  settlement  of 
that  great  estate,  and  that  it 
was  so  well  settled  will  always 
redound  to  his  honor.  He  was 
counsel  for  the  bankers,  and 
through  his  assiduous  efforts 
those  creditors  who  were  pa- 
tient realized  their  claims  in 
full.  Without  doubt  the  most 
valuable  service  Mr.  Bullitt 
ever  rendered  his  fellow-citi- 
zens as  a  public  man  was  that 
of  formulating  ami  securing 
the  adoption  of  the  new  charter 
of  Philadelphia,  which  I iv  com- 
mon consent  received  the 
name  of  the  "  Bullitt  Bill." 
This  instrument  is  his,  wrought 
out  by  him  as  a  labor  of  love, 
without  Ice  or  reward  of  any 
kind,  and  will  be  a  monument 
to  his  memory.  It  is  useless 
for  us  to  attempt  in  our  limited 
space  to  do  justice  to  the  many- 
great  cases,  both  legal  and  pub- 
lic, with  which  Mr.  Bullitt  has 
been  identified.  Suffice  then 
to  say,  his  success  at  the  Bar 
has  been  commensurate  with 
his  great  personal  worth,  his 
professional  integrity  and  his 


Philadelphia.  Dr.  E.  S.  Ely  was  its  pastor.  He  was  born  in 
Fayette,  Howard  county,  Missouri,  in  1S43,  and  returned  with  his 
parents  to  Philadelphia  in  1S44.  Graduated  at  the  Philadelphia 
Central  High  School  in  1S61.  Served  in  the  Twentieth  Pennsyl- 
vania Militia  in  1S62  during  the  first  raid  or  invasion  ot  Pennsyl- 
vania by  the  Confederates.  Admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1S65  and  became 
at  once  engaged  in  active  practice  in  all  branches  of  law.  Is  con- 
nected with  numerous  charitable  organizations.  Is  Solicitor  for  the 
Pennsylvania  Seaman's  Friend  Societv.  Trustee  of  the  Third 
Presbyterian  Church.     Of  the  legal  firni  of  Lister,  Barlow  &  Chase. 


JOSEPH  J.  DORAN 


Who  has  been  associated  with  John  C.  Bullitt  and  Samuel 
Dickson  since  his  admission  to  the  Bar,  is  a  native  of  Philadelphia, 
where  he  was  born  January  17,  1844.  He  is  a  son  of  Hon.  Joseph 
M.  Doran,  who  was  an  active  member  of  the  Convention  in  1S37  to 
revise  the  Constitution  of  Pennsylvania,  and  who,  in  1S40,  was 
appointed  to  the  Bench  of  the 
Court   of  General  Sessions  of 

;  Philadelphia. 

Mr.  Doran  received  his 
preliminary  education  in  pri- 
vate schools,  principally  that 
of  John  W.  Faires,  by  whom 
he  was  prepared  to  enter  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania. 
He  remained,  however,  at  the 
University  but  a  very  short 
time,  when  in  the  fall  of  1S60 
he  entered  the  office  of  John 
C.  Bullitt,  first  as  a  clerk,  then 
as  a  student  of  law,  and  from 
whose  office  he  was  admitted 
to  the  Bar  in  April,  1S65.  Two 
years  subsequently  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  practice  in  the  Su- 
preme Court  of  Pennsylvania. 
Mr.  Doran  has  made  the  study 
of  the  law  governing  railroads 
a  specialty,  and  lias  been  Gen- 
eral Solicitor  of  the  Norfolk 
and  Western  Railroad  since  the 
organization  of  that  company. 


John  Christian  Bullitt 


public  spirit.  His  practice  has  not  been  equalled  in  importance  and 
extent  by  any  lawyer  in  Pennsylvania,  and  to-dav  he  has  probably 
the  largest  of  any  at  the  Philadelphia  Bar.  He  was  married  to  Miss 
Therese  Langhorne,  who  died  April  30,  iSSi.  The  living  children 
from  the  union  are,  Therese  L.,  wife  of  Dr.  Coles,  of  the  United 
States  navy;  William  C,  president  of  the  Pocahontas  Coal  Com- 
pany ;  Logan  McKnight,  vice-president  of  the  Northern  Pacific  Coal 
Company;  Julia,  wife  of  Frank  M.  Dick,  of  Philadelphia;  Helen, 
wife  of  Walter  Rogers  Furness.  of  Philadelphia ;  James  F.  Bullitt, 
a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar,  and  John  C.  Bullitt,  Jr. 

In  concluding  this  sketch  a  reference  must  be  made  to  Mr.  Bul- 
litt as  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  1S73,  who, 
during  his  brief  membership,  succeeded  in  having  adopted  that 
amendment  which  provided  that  the  owner  of  property  should  be 
compensated  for  injuries  to  property  as  well  as  for  property  taken 
iu  the  construction  of  public  works.' 


CHARLES  L.  LISTER 


Is  a  son  of  the  late  Dr.  James  S. 
souri  in  1S42  with  the  colons-  from  the 


Lister,  who  settled  in  Mis- 
"  Old  Pine  Street  Church," 


WILLIAM  G.  FOULKE 

Was  born  in  Bucks  county, 
Pa.,  011  the  5th  of  January, 
1S37.  He  is  a  descendant  of  the 
well-known  good  old  Quaker 
family  of  that  name,  who  came 
from  Wales  and  settled  near 
Penllyn,  Montgomery  county, 
in  the  year  169S.  Owing  to 
his  limited  means  he  was  de- 
prived of  a  collegiate  course, 
which  he  always  regretted,  and 
his  early  education  was  acquired  in  private  country  schools. 

He  was  of  a  studious  turn  of  mind,  and  early  in  life  entered 
the  profession  of  teaching  in  the  country,  iu  connection  with  which 
he  devoted  his  spare  time  to  study. 

Desiring  the  advantages  of  city  life,  in  1S59  he  took  a  position 
as  teacher  in  the  "Friends'  Central  School,"  of  Philadelphia, 
where  he  taught  successfully  for  a  number  of  years,  after  which  he 
registered  as  a  law  student  in  the  office  of  Hon.  F.  Carroll  Brewster, 
taking  at  the  same  time  a  course  in  the  legal  department  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania. 

He  was  admitted  to  the  Philadelphia  Bar  in  June.  1S65.  In 
1863,  at  the  time  when  the  greatest  excitement  and  anxiety  pre- 
vailed, as  the  Rebel  army  had  invaded  the  State  of  Pennsylvania, 
he  entered  the  Union  army  to  serve  during  the  war,  aud  the  autumn 
following  its  termination  he  was  discharged  and  at  once  com- 
menced the  practice  of  law  in  this  city,  since  which  time  he  has 
closely  and  successfully  applied  himself  to  active  practice.  Being 
of  a  retiring  disposition,  and  having  no  taste  for  jury  trials,  he 
devoted  himself  to  Orphan's  Court  and  office  practice,  being 
counsel  in  the  settlement  of  numerous  estates  and  having  charge 
of  a  number  of  Trusts. 

Mr.  Foulke  is  a  resident   of  Germantowii,   where   he  and   his 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPtHANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


family  are  well  and  popularly  known  in  social  circles,  anil  where  he 
is  connected  with  several  benevolent  and  public  institutions  in 
which  he  takes  great  interest. 


J.  HOWARD  GENDELL 

Born  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia  September  24,  1844,  and  edu- 
cated in  the  private  school  of  Prof.  E.  D.  Saunders,  D.  C.  Received 
the  degree  of  LL.  B.,  from  the  University  of  Pennsvlvania  in  1S65. 
Admitted  to  the  Bar  October,  1S65,  since  which  he  has  been  in  con- 
tinuous practice,  chiefly  in  Philadelphia.  Since  March,  1879,  Mr. 
S.  W.  Reeves  ami  he  have  been  associated  under  the  firm  name  of 
Gendell  &  Reeves. 


S.  W.  REEVES 


Was  born  in  Cape  May  county,  N.J.  Educated  at  the  West 
Jersev  Academy,  Bridgeton,  N.  J.,  and  at  Princeton  College,  where 
he  graduated  in  1865.  Studied  law  with  E.  Spencer  Miller,  Esq., 
and  was  assistant  to  him  until  his  death  in  1879.  Graduated  from 
the  law  department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1867  and 
was  admitted  to  the  Philadelphia  Bar  in  September  of  that  year, 
and  has  since  practiced  law  in  Philadelphia.  Since  March,  1879, 
Mr.  J.  Howard  Gendell  and  he  have  been  associated  under  the  firm 
name  of  Gendell  X:  Reeves. 


JOSEPH  PARR1SH 


Joseph  Parrish  was  born  in  this  city,  July  6,  1S43.  His  faiher, 
Dillwvn  Parrish,  was  a  son  of  a  well  known  anil  distinguished  phv- 
sician,  who  died  in  1S40,  and  his  mother  was  Susanna  Maxrield. 
Mr.  Parrish 's  ancestors  on  the  paternal  side  were  among  the  ear- 
liest settlers  of  this  country,  one  of  whom  came  over  with  Lord  Cal- 
vert's emigration  to  Maryland. 

The  partv  consisted  principally  of  Catholics,  but  Mr.  Parrish's 
progenitor  was  a  Quaker.  Isaac  Parrish  was  the  first  of  his  Penn- 
sylvania ancestors.  He  was  a  well  known  hatter,  and  numbered 
among  Ins  patrons  General  Washington. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  received  his  early  schooling  in  private 
Quaker  schools,  but  later  matriculated  at  Haverford  College,  from 
which,  while  never  having  graduated  from  that  institution,  he  had 
the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts  conferred  upon  him.  From  1S60  to 
1864  he  was  with  the  firm  of  J.  B.  Lippincott  &  Co.  in  various 
capacities,  but  preferring  the  legal  profession,  he  resigned  his  posi- 
tion and  became  a  law  student  in  the  office  of  Edward  Hopper,  Esq., 
and  was  matriculated  at  the  Law  School  of  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania, from  which  he  graduated  in  1S66,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
Bar  in  the  same  year,  and  has  since  practiced  his  profession.  Two 
vears  later,  September  3,  1868,  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Isabel 
P.  Mott,  daughter  of  Thomas  Mott,  and  has  three  children. 

Associated  with  him  in  practice  are  William  C.  Harris,  Ellis  D. 
Williams.  Joseph  T.  Bunting  and  Albert  B.  Williams.  Mr.  Parrish 
has  also  found  time  to  lend  valuable  assistance  to  many  of  the  re- 
form movements  which  have  from  time  to  time  occupied  public 
attention.  He  was  a  member  and  secretary  of  the  Committee  of 
One  Hundred  and  the  chairman  of  its  Sub-Committee  on  Frauds 
for  a  number  of  vears,  a  member  of  the  Civil  Service  Reform  Asso- 
ciation, Ballot  Reform  Association,  New  York  Reform  Club  and  the 
Independent  Republican  Convention,  and  one  of  the  corporators  of 
the  Women's  Medical  College. 


SILAS  W.  PETTIT 


Silas  Wright  Pettit  was  born  on  October  20,  1844,  at  Philadel- 
phia.    Son  of  William  V.  Pettit  and  Heloise  Guillou,  his  wife. 

Silas  W.  Pettit  was  educated  at  Philadelphia,  and  was  a  student 
in  the  Uuiversitv  of  Pennsylvania  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebel- 
lion in  1S61,  and  immediately  enlisted  in  the  regiment  organized 
by  Col.  Small.  He  afterwards  enlisted  in  the  Fifteenth  Regiment 
Regular  United  States  Infantry  and  was  promoted  to  Second  Lieu- 
tenant, but  owing  to  illuess  contracted  in  the  first  operations  against 
Corinth,  Miss.,  in  1S62,  was  compelled  to  resign. 

After  serving  with  the  emergency  men  raised  to  defend  the 
State  from  Lee's  invasion  in  1863,  he  entered  the  volunteer  service 
and  served  until  mustered  out  in  1865  with  the  rank  of  Captain. 

Mr.  Pettit  has  always  taken  a  warm  interest  in  the  National 
Guard  of  the  State,  and  after  serving  as  captain  of  a  company  was 


appointed  by  the  late  Gen.  Hartranft  Judge  Advocate  of  thedivision, 
and  after  serving  the  full  time  required  by  law  was  placed  upon  the 
retired  list,  with  the  rank  of  Lieutenant-Colonel. 

After  his  resignatiou  from  the  army  in  1862  Mr.  Pettit  was  reg- 
istered as  a  student  of  law  in  the  office  of  the  late  Samuel  H.  Pick- 
ing, and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1866,  one  year  after  he  was 
finally  mustered  out  of  the  service.  Since  that  time  he  has  been 
actively  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession,  at  first,  as  is  usual 
with  young  men,  appearing  in  the  criminal  courts  as  well  as  in  the 
civil,  but  for  twenty  years  past  his  practice  has  been  exclusivelv  in 
Equity  and  Common  Pleas  law  courts,  both  of  the  State  and  the 
United  States,  in  which  he  has  by  industry,  ability  and  integrity 
secured  a  large  clientage,  especially  in  cases  involving  the  law  of 
corporations,  and  is  the  regular  counsel  for  the  Western  Union  Tel- 
egraph Company,  the  Commercial  Exchange  of  Philadelphia,  sev- 
eral national  banks  and  other  large  interests.  He  has  been  for  the 
last  five  years  elected  one  of  the  Board  of  Censors  of  the  Philadel- 
phia Bar  Association. 

In  politics  Mr.  Pettit  has  always  been  a  staunch  Republican, 
and  although  unwilling  to  give  up  his  profession  to  assume  any 
public  office,  has  taken  an  active  front  in  the  support  and  vindica- 
tion of  his  party  principles  and  policy. 

He  has  been  a  Director  of  the  Union  League  of  Philadelphia  for 
several  years,  and  was  recently  elected  one  of  its  Vice-Presidents, 
receiving  the  largest  vote  of  any  of  the  candidates  voted  for. 


WILLIAM  W.  PORTER 

To-day  one  of  the  most  prominent  members  of  the  Philadelphia 
Bar,  is  the  son  of  the  late  Judge  William  A.  Porter,  who  was  during 
his  distinguished  life,  Sheriff,  District  Attorney,  City  Solicitor, 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Pennsylvania,  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Alabama  Claims,  at  Washington,  and  at  the  time  of  his  death  one 
of  the  leaders  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar.  Judge  Porter  was  the  son 
of  David  R.  Porter,  who  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Represen- 
tatives, and  subsequently  of  the  State  Senate.  He  was  elected 
Governor  of  Pennsylvania  and  served  two  terms  with  distinction. 

Governor  Porter  was  the  son  of  General  Andrew  Porter,  who 
was  upon  the  staff  of  General  Washington  during  the  war  of  the 
Revolution.     (See  Pcnn'a.  Mag.  Vol.  IV,  No.  3) 

William  W.  Porter,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  and  his  uncle, 
Gen.  Horace  Porter,  of  New  York,  are  the  two  prominent  living 
representatives  of  this  distinguished  family.  William  W.  Porter 
was  born  at  623  Walnut  Street,  Philadelphia,  and  curiously  enough 
in  the  very  room  which  he  now  uses  as  his  private  office.  He  en- 
tered the  Department  of  Arts  in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania, 
graduating  in  1875  with  the  degree  of  A.  B.,  taking  the  degree  of  M. 
A.,  three  years  later.  While  at  college  he  gave  indication  of  that 
forensic  ability  which  has  since  earned  him  reputation.  He  was 
admitted  to  the  Bar  in  May,  1877,  and  immediately  took  part  in  the 
active  practice  of  the  profession.  He  was  soon  acknowledged  to  be 
an  accomplished  special  pleader,  and  for  a  period  covering  nearly 
ten  years  he  was  closely  associated  with  his  father  not  only  in  court 
but  in  the  advisory  relations  with  clients.  It  was  during  these 
years  that  Mr.  Porter  originally  became  identified  as  counsel 
with  some  of  the  largest  estates  ever  settled  in  Philadelphia,  among 
them  the  Macallester  estate  and  estates  of  J.  Edgar  Thomson  and 
Thomas  A.  Scott,  the  two  successive  presidents  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Railroad. 

In  the  Common  Pleas  before  juries  Mr.  Porter's  oratorical 
powers  had  full  sway,  and  early  in  his  professional  experience  in 
a  divorce  case,  occasioning  considerable  popular  interest,  his  address 
to  the  jury  was  believed  to  have  alone  secured  the  verdict  for  his 
client.  After  these  came  the  great  Megargce  Insurance  case,  four 
separate  times  in  the  Supreme  Court,  then  the  case  of  Goldsmith  vs. 
Walker,  in  which  a  verdict  was  obtained  for  a  physician  who  had 
wrongly  committed  a  person  with  the  measles  to  the  small-pox 
hospital.  Then  the  well  known  Neill  will  case,  the  Meurer  case, 
twice  in  the  Supreme  Court,  and  Arnold  vs.  the  Pennsylvania  Rail- 
road company.  Recently  he  argued  the  case  of  Riegel  vs.  Insur- 
ance companv,  in  which  the  Supreme  Court  were  equally  divided 
and  subsequently  on  a  re-argument  reversed  the  court  below  in 
favor  of  Mr.  Porter's  client. 

The  most  recent  case  of  prominence  tried  by  him  was,  strange 
to. say,  in  the  criminal  division  of  the  United  States  Court.  In  this 
suit,  which  was  heard  before  Judge  Butler  in  May,  1891,  a  departure 
was  made  from  the  infrangible  rule  of  the  office  "  never  to  practice 
in  the  criminal  courts."  Mr.  Porter,  convinced  that  his  client  had 
a  good  case,  although  under  grave  suspicion,  allowed  himself  to  be 
prevailed  upon  to  advocate  the  cause.  The  trial  lasted  several  days 
and  resulted  in  the  honorable  acquittal  of  the  accused  after  a  short 


39 


PHILADELPHIA  AMD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


deliberation  by  the  jury.     Mr.  Porter's  address,  consuming  several 
hours,  was  regarded  as  a  magnificent   effort. 

Not  only  as  an  advocate  is  his  reputation  high.  His  opinions 
as  a  counsellor  and  adviser  are  held  in  esteem,  and  his  clientage  to- 
day represents  a  long  list  of  important  corporations  and  prominent 
individuals. 

During  the  intervals  in  his  active  practice,  Mr.  Porter  has  found 
time  to  enter  the  literary  field.  His  pamphlet  on  the  Marriage  laws 
of  Pennsylvania  create  1  wide-spread  attention  and  did  much  to 
modify  the  then  notoriously  evil  legislation  on  that  subject 
in  Pennsylvania.  The  law  publishers,  Messrs.  Kay  &  Bro., 
have  now  in  press  a  volume  of  some  500  pages  prepared  by  Mr. 
Porter,  on  the  law  relating  to  bills  of  lading.  This  will  be  the  first 
publication  on  this  important  subject  in  the  United  states. 

Mr.  Porter  is  a  member  of  the  Second  Presbyterian  Church, 
and  is  identified  as  counselor  director  with  a  number  of  charitable 
institutions.  Among  them  the  Union  Benevolent  Society,  the  So- 
ciety to  Protect  Children  from  Cruelty,  the  Pennsylvania  Bible  So- 
ciety, the  Midnight  Mission,  and  the  Philadelphia  Tract  and  Mis- 
sion Society. 

In  politics  he  is  a  staunch 
Republican,  but  has  identified 
himself  at  times  with  the  Re- 
form element  i  n  municipal 
elections.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  I'nion  League  Club,  the 
Art  Club,  the  Society  of  the 
Cincinnati,  the  Scotch-Irish 
Society,  and,  until  his  recent 
resignation,  was  secretarv  of 
the  Law  Association  of  Phila- 
delphia. 


WILLIAM  H.  STAAKE 

Among  the  comparatively 
young  members  of  the  liar  «  ho 
have  attained  prominence  in 
the  profession  is  William  H. 
Staake.  He  was  born  in  Brook- 
lyn, December  5,  1847,  hut  at 
an  early  age  was  brought  to 
Philadelphia,  where  he  has 
since  resided.  His  early  edu- 
cation was  acquired  in  private 
and  public  schoo  s  and  in  the 
Central  High  School,  from 
which  he  graduated  in  Febru- 
ary, [S65.  The  class  of  which 
he  was  a  member  has  since  be- 
come distinguished  as  the  War 
Class  of  the  High  School.  He 
graduated  from  the  Law  De- 
partment of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  186S,  studied 
law  in  the  office  of  Gustavus 
Remak,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  Bar  March  14,  1868.  Since 
that  time  he  has  practiced  con- 
tinuously and  successfully  his  profession,  being  popular  at  the  Bar 
and  respected  by  the  Judges. 

When  a  young  man  Mr.  Staake  took  an  interest  in  politics, 
becoming  well  known  as  a  speaker  for  the  Democratic  party. 
He  abandoned  politics,  however,  for  the  sake  of  his  profession, 
and  is  now  independent.  In  religious  circles  Mr.  Staake  is  well 
known.  He  holds  many  offices  in  the  Lutheran  Church  organ- 
ization and  is  perhaps  the  most  prominent  layman  of  that  denom- 
ination in  the  United  States.  He  was  one  of  the  corporators  and  is 
the  youngest  of  the  seven  deacons  of  the  Evangelical  Lutheran 
Church  of  the  Holy  Communion,  Broad  and  Arch  Streets,  and 
since  1S75  has  been  delegate  to  the  different  Conferences  and  to  the 
Evangelical  Lutheran  Ministerium  of  Pennsylvania  and  adjacent 
States.  Since  1875  he  has  also  been  elected  a  delegate  from  the 
Ministerium  to  the  General  Council  of  the  Evangelical  Lutheran 
Church  in  North  America,  the  national  body  of  that  church.  He 
is  now  and  has  been  for  many  years  the  treasurer  of  this  great  de- 
nominational body  and  of  its  Board  of  Foreign  Missions.  He  has 
also  been  conspicuous  in  promoting  church  building,  the  study  of 
theology  and  the  strengthening  generally  of  Lutheran  Church  inter- 
ests. Mr.  Staake  is  solicitor  for  the  German  American  Title  and 
Trust  Company  and  a  director  of  the  Fidelity  Title  and  Trust  Com- 


pany, of  Pittsburgh,  and  of  the  Fidelity  Title  and  Deposit  Com- 
pany, Newark,  N.  J.  He  is  a  member  of  the  German  Societv,  of 
the  German  Hospital,  of  the  Board  of  Governors  of  the  Maternitv 
Hospital,  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association,  the  Law  Associa- 
tion, Pennsylvania  Historical  Societv,  the  Penu  Club,  the  Art  Club, 
the  Philadelphia  Rifle  Club,  and  tlie  Athletic  Club  of  the  Schuyl- 
kill Navy,  American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  Uni- 
versity Archaeological  Association,  Universitv  Athletic  Association. 
He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the  Associated 
Alumni  of  the  Central  High  School  and  one  of  that  coterie  of  gen- 
tlemen who  compose  the  famous  dining  organization,  the  Five 
O'clock  Club.     He  is  married  and  has  two  children. 


William  W.  Porter 


ALFRED  MOORE 

Alfred  Moore,  Esq.,  a  prominent  member  of  the  Philadelphia 
Bar,  upon  the  expiration  of  the  present  year  will  have  been  a  prac- 
titioner in  the  courts  of  this  city  for  a  period  of  twenty-three  years. 
Mr.  Moore  was  born  in  Bucks 
county,  Pennsylvania.  He  is 
of  Ouaker  lineage,  and  is  en- 
dowed with  many  of  the  noble 
traits  characteristic  of  that 
sect.  The  days  of  his  child- 
hood and  youth  were  spent  in 
the  neighborhood  of  his  birth- 
place. After  finishing  his  edu- 
cation in  the  public  schools  and 
higher  institutions  of  learning, 
he  followed  his  strongest  in- 
clinations in  taking  up  the 
study  of  law  for  his  chosen 
profession.  He  came  to  Phil- 
adelphia in  1865  and  entered 
the  law  office  of  Nathan  H. 
Sharplcss,  Esq.,  under  whose 
able  tutorship  he  rapidly  ac- 
quired a  clear  knowledge  of 
Blackstoue  and  Coke.  He  was 
admitted  to  the  Philadelphia 
Bar  in  1N68.  and  has  since  been 
engaged  in  active  practice  in 
the  courts  of  the  city. 

In  1874  he  became  associ- 
ated in  practice  with  Hon.  D. 
Newliu  Fell,  one  of  the  bril- 
liant legal  lights  of  the  Phila- 
delphia Bar  at  that  time,  who 
has  since  been  made  a  Judge 
in  the  Courts  of  Common 
Picas.  This  law  partnership 
continued  until  iS77,when  the 
appointment  of  Mr.  Fell  to  the 
Bench  made  its  dissolution 
necessary.  Upon  the  retire- 
ment of  Judge  Fell  from  the 
firm  the  large  practice  built  up 
by  these  two  members  was  re- 
tained by  Mr.  Moore.  His 
thorough  knowledge  of  the  law  and  ripe  judgment,  combined  with 
his  honesty  and  high  integrity  as  a  citizen  and  a  lawyer,  have  won 
for  him  the  esteem,  respect  and  confidence  of  men  engaged  in  the 
commercial  world,  wherever  he  is  known.  His  clientage  consists 
principally  of  those  numbered  among  the  prominent  and  repre- 
sentative business  men  of  Philadelphia. 

In  the  public  affairs  of  the  city  he  has  always  manifested  a  deep 
interest.  In  1S82  he  was  elected  by  Councils  one  of  the  trustees  of 
the  Philadelphia  Gas  Works,  of  which  body  he  continued  to  be  a 
member  until  the  time  of  its  expiration. 


GEORGE  PE1RCE 

Lawver  Teirce  is  a  native  Philadelphiau,  having  been  born  here 
Octobcro,  1.847.  His  father  was  the  late  Judge  William  S.  Peircc, 
and  his  mother,  Miss  Elizabeth  Irwin  Baldwin,  both  of  whom  were 
descended  from  old  and  honorable  families.  Mr.  Peircc  received  his 
early  education  in  the  Quaker  schools  of  Philadelphia,  and  later 
at  the  United  States  Naval  Academy,  at  Annapolis,  to  which  he 
gained  admission  bv  passing  a  most  creditable  examination. 
Shortly  after  the  breaking  out  of  the  great  Civil  War,  although  a 


rni l.1  lj £.1^1- run  fiivu  rui'UJ^**ii<.  rni^-iD£.i^mi^~ii\is. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


mere  lad,  Mr.  Peirce  was  a  midshipman  in  Uncle  Sam's  navy,  per- 
forming service  at  sea  on  the  United  States  sloop  of  war 
Marion,  United  States  steamer  Winnipeg,  and  the  United  States 
frigate  Macedonian.  After  spending  four  years  in  this  service,  and 
the  war  having  ended,  he  resigned  his  commission  in  1S66.  He  at 
once  began  the  study  of  law,  for  which  he  had  a  great  fondness, 
in  the  office  of  Edward  Hopper,  Esq.,  and  on  November  14,  1S69, 
he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar.  He  was  then  just  twenty-one  years 
old,  and  feeling  that  a  further  course  of  study  would  prove  bene- 
ficial, he  entered  the  law  department  of  Harvard  College,  in  which 
he  took  a  partial  course.  He  then  began  the  practice  of  law  in 
earnest  and  soon  rose  to  prominence  through  his  display  of  ability. 
His  business  is  principally  advisory,  although  he  has  had  and  con- 
tinues enjoying  a  large  practice  in  the  Orphans'  Court,  and  the  care 
of  estates  and  administration  of  trusts.  Mr.  Peirce  is  a  member  of 
the  Welsh  Society,  the  Numismatic  and  Antiquarian  Society,  and 
the  Historical  Society  of  Pennsylvania.  While  not  brilliant  in 
oratory,  Mr.  Peirce  is,  nevertheless,  an  impressive  speaker,  and 
creates  a  favorable  impression  upon  his  hearers  by  his  plain  con- 
cisely worded  remarks,  which  are  replete  with  logic  and  force.  He 
has  been  singularly  successful  with  his  cases,  and  ranks  to-day  one 
of  the  brightest  and  most  popular  members  of  the  Philadelphia 
Bar. 


WILLIAM  GREW 


Was  born  in  the  Northern  Liberties  of  Philadelphia  on  January 
28,  1S43.  His  father's  death,  while  he  was  yet  a  boy,  interrupted 
his  school  studies  and  his  subsequent  education  was  derived  from 
private  teachers,  with  whom  he  studied  at  night,  the  day  being  de- 
voted to  labor  in  aiding  his  mother  to  raise  a  young  family,  of 
whom  the  subject  of  our  sketch  was  the  eldest  son.  In  1862  he  en- 
listed as  a  private  soldier  in  Collis'  Zouaves,  One  Hundred  and 
Fourteenth  Pennsylvania  Regiment,  and  was  with  that  command 
in  several  general  engagemeuts,  coming  out  of  the  war  with  a  cred- 
itable record.  He  has  since  been  an  active  member  of  the  Regi- 
mental Association  and  was  chairman  of  the  committee  for  raising 
and  placing  the  monument  of  that  organization  on  the  Gettysburg 
battle  field.  His  health  was  much  impaired  by  his  services  in  the 
field,  but  subsequently  recovering,  he  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  Philadelphia  Bar  on  January  9,  1869,  and  immediately  entered 
upon  the  practice  of  his  chosen  profession,  in  which  he  has  attained 
a  large  measure  of  success.  He  was,  on  January  r,  1872,  appointed 
an  Assistant  City  Solictor,  in  which  office  he  served  six  years  suc- 
cessively as  third,  second,  and  first  assistant,  having  for  his  col- 
leagues in  that  department  the  late  Hon.  William  H.  Verkcs,  Asso- 
ciate Judge  of  Common  Pleas  No.  3,  Hon.  Robert  N.  Wilson,  now 
Associate  Judge  of  Court  of  Common  Pleas  No.  4.  and  Hon.  Wil- 
liam N.  Ashman,  now  Associate  Judge  of  Orphan's  Court.  In  1S78, 
his  health  being  quite  broken  down  by  application  to  business,  he 
went,  by  medical  advice,  to  Northwestern  Kansas  where  he  re- 
mained until  18S0,  when  he  returned  much  benefited  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  the  law.  He  has  since  that  time  been  actively  at 
work  and  iu  addition  to  his  own  practice  has  served  as  legal  adviser 
to  several  of  the  high  sheriffs  of  the  County  of  Philadelphia,  in 
which  special  line  of  practice  he  is  regarded  as  an  authority. 
Although  a  man  of  quiet  homelike  tastes  and  of  studious  habits 
combined  with  a  great  love  of  the  higher  branches  of  literature  and 
music,  he  is  a  member  of  several  clubs  and  social  organizations  and 
frequently  seeks  recreation  from  labor  in  the  pleasures  of  society. 


DALLAS  SANDERS 

A  prominent  attorney  and  President  of  the  Wayne  Title 
and  Trust  Co.,  of  Wayne,  Pa.,  and  of  the  Dime  Savings  Bank  of 
Philadelphia,  was  born  in  this  city  January  13,  184S.  He  studied 
law  in  the  office  of  his  cousin  George  M.  Dallas,  Esq.,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Bar  January,  1869.  While  a  student  of  law,  and  after 
his  admission  to  the  Bar,  he  took  an  active  interest  in  the  Law 
Academy  and  was  its  Secretary,  Prothonotary  and  President  at 
different  times.  In  January,  1878,  he  was  appointed  Assistant  to 
District  Attorney  Hagert,  and  served  three  years  in  that  position 
with  credit  to  himself  and  satisfaction  to  the  community.  In 
February,  1S82,  he  was  elected  a  member  of  Common  Council  from 
the  Seventh,  a  strong  Republican  Ward,  notwithstanding  he  was  a 
Democrat  in  politics,  and  served  for  two  years,  participating  actively 
in  the  work  of  that  bodv  especially  in  legislation  relating  to  sanitary 
matters,  and  improved  methods  of  drainage  and  sewerage.  He  was 
chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Surveys  during  the  last  year  of  his 
term. 


Mr.  Sanders  has  for  years  been  actively  identified  with  the 
Democratic  party,  often  representing  it  in  its  County  and  State 
conventions,  and  once  in  1S80,  in  its  National  Convention,  at  Cin- 
cinnati, where  he  voted  for  Samuel  J.  Tilden  for  President,  and  on 
Mr.  Tilden's  withdrawal  for  Samuel  J.  Randall,  whom  he  admired 
devotedly.  Iu  1885,  he  was  the  nominee  of  the  party  for  Sheriff, 
leading  his  ticket,  and  in  1S87  he  was  elected  chairman  of  the 
State  Committee  where  he  displayed  great  ability  as  an  organizer, 
and,  as  has  since  been  conceded,  was  "one  of  the  most  efficient 
chairmen  the  Democrats  ever  had." 

In  1S90,  several  philanthropic  gentlemen  appreciating  the  im- 
portance of  encouraging  especially  in  the  voungthe  habit  of  saving, 
secured  a  charter  for  a  Dime  Savings  Bank  and  elected  Mr.  Sanders 
its  President.  This  bank  has  been  in  existence  little  over  a  year, 
has  now  over  five  thousand  accounts  and  promises  to  become  a 
very  useful  financial  institution,  inculcating  thrifty  economical 
views  among  those  who  should  save  some  of  their  earnings. 

He  was  also  about  the  same  time  elected  President  of  the 
Wayne  Title  and  Trust  Company,  which  is  located  at  Wayne,  on 
the  main  line  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad.  Its  specialty  is 
country  conveyancing  and  country  title  insurance  in  Bucks,  Ches- 
ter, Delaware  and  Montgomery  Counties. 

Mr.  Sanders  is  a  member  of  the  Civil  Service  Reform  Asssocia- 
tion,  of  the  Historical  Society  of  Pennsylvania,  of  the  Public 
Education  Association,  and  of  the  Philadelphia,  Rittenhouse  and 
Art  Clubs,  being  a  director  in  the  former. 


JOHN  B.  COLAHAN,  Jr. 

Among  those  who  have  acquired  a  high  reputation  in  the  prac- 
tice of  the  legal  profession  in  this  city  is  Mr.  John  B.  Colahan,  Jr., 
whose  offices  are  located  at  Nos.  507  and  509  Drcxel  Building.  He 
was  born  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  in  1848,  and  is  the  son  of 
John  B.  Colahan,  Sr.,  the  well-known  lawyer  who  has  practiced  at 
the  Bar  of  this  State  since  the  year  1843.  Mr.  Colahan,  Jr.,  received 
his  education  in  early  life  at  Saunders  Institute,  St.  Joseph's  Col- 
lege, and  graduated  at  the  High  School  in  the  early  part  of  1866. 
After  finishing  his  education,  he  studied  law  in  his  father's  office 
for  three  years,  and  attended  the  law  department  at  the  Peunsvl- 
vauia  University,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  May,  1S69,  when 
he  started  in  the  practice  of  his  profession  at  524  Walnut  Street,  re- 
maining there  for  some  twenty  years ;  his  practice  became  large 
and  lucrative ;  having  made  a  close  study  of  real  estate  law,  his 
opinion  was  often  sought  by  property  owners  in  the  examination  01 
titles,  this  practice  being  chiefly  confined  to  the  Orphans'  Court, 
Common  Pleas  and  Supreme  Court.  He  was  also  Solicitor  for 
several  large  mining  and  manufacturing  corporations,  in  addition 
to  which  he  represented  as  counsel,  several  of  the  heirs  of  the  late 
Joseph  Dugan,  in  the  prolonged  litigation  growing  out  of  that 
estate.  He  was  also  counsel  in  the  proceedings  on  the  part  of  the 
heirs  of  General  Robert  Patterson  and  numbers  of  other  large 
estates.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Direction  of  the  Land 
Title  and  Trust  Company,  and  counsel  for  them  in  some  very  im- 
portant cases ;  and  one  of  the  originators  iu  forming  the  Real 
Estate  Title  and  Insurance  Company. 

Mr.  John  B.  Colahan,  Jr.,  is  a  member  of  the  Union  League 
Club,  and  several  other  local  organizations  ;  in  politics,  is  a  staunch 
Republican  and  is  a  member  of  the  Committee  of  Fifty  which  were 
appointed  amongst  our  leading  citizens.  As  a  lawyer,  he  is  held 
in  the  highest  respect  and  esteem  both  by  the  Bench  and  Bar. 


ELIAS  P.  SMITHERS 

Elias  P.  Smithers  was  born  July  21,  1843,  in  Sussex  County, 
State  of  Delaware. 

He  graduated  at  the  Law  Department  of  the  University  of  Penn- 
svK-auia  with  the  degree  of  LL.  B.  in  1869,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  Philadelphia  Bar  the  same  year,  and  two  years  later  was  admit- 
ted to  practice  before  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State. 

In  1S72  he  was  appointed  Assistant  City  Solicitor,  and  remained 
in  that  office  until  1SS1,  and  then  resigned. 

He  was  elected  to  Common  Council  from  the  Twenty-ninth 
Ward,  Philadelphia,  in  18S3,  and  has  served  continually  since.  He 
has  been  Chairman  of  Common  Council  Committee  on  Law,  Chair- 
man of  Joint  Committees  on  Highways,  and  at  present  Chairman  of 
Joint  Committee  on  Finance.  Office,  219  South  Sixth  Street.  He 
makes  a  specialty  of  cases  involving  real  estate  and  municipal  law, 
in  which  he  enjoys  a  large  practice,  as  well  as  in  other  branches  of 
his  profession.     Is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  order. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


HENRY    M.   DECHERT 

Was  born  in  Reading,  Pa.,  on  March  n,  1832,  and  is  the  son  of 
Elijah  Dechert,  a  prominent  member  of  that  Ear,  and  the  grand- 
son of  the  Hon.  Robert  Porter,  formerly  President  Judge  of  the 
Berks  and  Northampton  Judicial  District,  who  was  also  Lieutenant 
in  the  Pennsylvania  line  during  the  War  of  the  Revolution  ;  the 
latter  was  the  son  of  General  Andrew  Porter,  of  the  Continental 
Army.  Mr.  Dechert  graduated  at  Vale  College  in  1850,  and  after 
teaching  for  two  years  studied  law  with  Hon.  Charles  B.  Penrose, 
of  this  city,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1S54.  He  has  been  re- 
markably successful.  His  special  lines  have  been  in  the  trial  of 
cases  before  juries,  in  real  estate  and  in  orphan's  court  practice. 
He  is  a  ready  and  effective  speaker.  He  served  in  the  Union  army 
as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Fortieth  Pennsylvania  Regiment  in  1S62  and 
1S63,  and  is  an  active  member  in  George  G.  Meade  Post,  No.  1,  G. 
A.  R.,  and  also  of  the  Sons  of  the  Revolution.  He  is  a  prominent 
and  devoted  Mason,  and  treasurer  of  the  Grand  Lodge  sinking 
fund.  He  is  president  of  the  Commonwealth  Title  and  Trust  Com- 
pany of  this  city,  the  stock  of 
which  is  held  entirely  by  law- 
yers and  conveyancers.  This 
company  has  obtained  a  strong 
position  and  is  notably  suc- 
cessful in  its  several  branches 
of  business.  Mr.  Dechert  is  a 
busy  man  in  looking  alter  the 
interests  of  his  company,  and 
also  with  his  son,  Henry  T. 
Dechert,  in  conducting  his  pro- 
fessional practice.  The  latter 
is  a  prominent  young  lawyer 
who,  although  a  hard  student, 
is  also  active  in  military  life, 
as  Major  of  the  Second  Regi- 
ment, N.  G.  of  Penna.  Mr. 
Dechert  is  Vice-President  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Training 
School  for  Feeble  Minded 
Children,  at  Elwvn,  Pa.,  and 
of  the  West  Philadelphia  Insti- 
tute; treasurer  of  the  Young 
Men's  Institute,  and  a  mana- 
ger in  various  other  charitable 
institutions.  His  office  is  in 
the  Drcxel  building. 


WM.  BROOKE  RAWLE 

The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  born  in  Philadelphia  on 
August  29,  1S43.  Hc  is  a  son 
of  Charles  Wallace  Brooke,  de- 
ceased, by  his  wife  Elizabeth 
Tilghmau ,  daughter  of  William 
Rawle  (the  younger)  and  has 
taken  the  surname  of  Brooke 
Rawle.  His  father  was  a  mem- 
ber  of  the   Philadelphia   Bar, 

who  attained  a  high  place  thereat  for  his  ability  and  brilliancy,  but 
who  died  in  iS4oatthe  early  age  of  thirty-six  years.  His  maternal 
great-grandfather  was  the  celebrated  jurist,  Edward  Tilghmau,  who  is 
remembered  as  one  of  the  "  leaders  of  the  old  Bar  of  Philadelphia." 

William  Brooke  Rawle  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  the  class  of  lb'63.  While  yet  a  member  of  the  Senior 
Class  he  entered  the  army  during  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  asa  Lieu- 
tenant ill  the  Third  Pennsylvania  Volunteer  Cavalry,  and  served  con- 
tinuously with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  from  early  in  1S63  until  some 
time  after  the  close  of  the  war,  attaining  the  lineal  rank  of  Captain 
and  being  brcvetted  Major  and  Lieutenant-Colonel  for  gallant  ser- 
vice at  the  battle  of  Hatcher's  Run,  and  in  the  campaign  terminat- 
ing with  Lee's  surrender  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  respectively. 
Upon  his  discharge  from  the  army  he  began  the  study  of  law  with 
his  uncle,  the  late  William  Henry  Rawle,  and  was  admitted  to  prac- 
tice at  the  Bar  in  May,  1S67.  He  was  associated  in  practice  with 
the  latter  until  his  death  in  18S9,  when  he  succeeded  him  at  the 
head  of  the  family  office.  Inheriting  the  professional  turn  of  mind 
of  his  ancestors,  Mr.  Brooke  Rawle's  career  as  a  lawyer  has  been 
most  successful.  Devoting  himself  necessarily  to  the  large  and 
numerous  estates  in  his  charge  his  professional  work  has  been 
chiefly   confined   lo   chamber   practice.     His   management   of  the 


many  and  extensive  trusts  which  have  been  confided  him  has  gained 
for  him  an  enviable  reputation  for  integrity,  ability  and  zeal. 
Among  many  others  he  has  had  in  his  fiduciary  charge  several  of 
the  old  colonial  estates,  one  of  them  being  that  of  the  Penn  family. 
For  many  years  he  has  been  the  Secretary  of  the  Historical  Society 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  for  a  long  period  held  the  arduous  and  respon- 
sible office  of  Treasurer  of  the  Law  Association,  of  Philadelphia, 
which  he  has  recently  resigned. 


Henry  M.  Dechert 


JOHN  STEWART  McKINLAY 

Lawyer  John  S.  McKinlay  is  pre-cmineutlv  a  self-made  man  in 
the  general  acceptance  of  that  comprehensive  term.  He  is  a  native 
of  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  where  he  was  born  April  17,  1S50.  His 
parents  were  of  that  class  of  Scots  noted  for  their  industry,  thrift 
and  economy.  Two  years  after  the  birth  of  the  subject  of  this 
sketch  his  parents  removed  with  their  family  to  America,  settling 
in  Ohio,  which  was  considered  the  "far  West"  in  those  days.  Their 
home  was  on  a  farm  in  Brown 
county,  and  in  its  public 
schools  Mr.  McKinlay  began 
his  education.  At  the  age  of 
fourteen  he  entered  the  High 
School  at  Ripley,  Ohio,  from 
which  he  graduated  in  1S65. 
He  became  a  country  school 
teacher,  not  as  a  permanent 
occupation,  but  as  a  stepping 
stone  to  the  profession  he  had 
dreamed  of,  studied  for  and 
determined  to  enter  many  a 
day  before.  He  taught  school 
mostly  in  his  own  county,  and 
within  boarding  distance  of  his 
own  home,  until  he  was  nine- 
teen years  of  age,  by  which 
time  he  had  earned  and  saved 
enough  money  to  venture  in 
beginning  to  study  fur  his 
chosen  profession,  and  in  the 
fall  of  iS6y  he  came  to  Phila- 
delphia anil  began  the  studv 
of  law  under  Hon.  John  P. 
( )'Ncil.  at  the  same  time  enter- 
ing the  Law  Department  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania, 
from  which  he  graduated  the 
same  year,  and  was  at  once  ad- 
mitted to  the  Philadelphia  liar. 
No  time  was  lost  in  idleness 
by  the  young  Scotchman,  but 
his  every  moment  was  devoted 
to  building  up  a  clientage.  He 
had  decided  to  refuse  no  cause 
on  account  of  the  smallness  of 
the  fee,  if  it  only  had  justice 
in  it,  and  he  has  sacredly  kept 
that  pledge,  so  that  to-day, 
when  his  waiting-rooms  are 
thronged  with  clients,  the  five-dollar  and  ten-dollar  fee  cases 
take  their  turn  at  an  audience  with  those  which  net  him  $500 
or  51000  each,  and  get  their  fair  share  of  attention,  too.  Mr. 
Mclvinlav's  practice  is  both  civil  and  criminal,  and  while  equally 
at  home  in  either,  his  most  marked  successes  have  been  in  the  lat- 
ter line,  and  not  a  few  men  indicted  for  murder  were  saved  from 
the  gallows  by  his  shrewdness  and  natural  tact.  He  succeeded  the 
Hon.  Lewis  C.  Cassidy  as  criminal  lawyer  for  the  Reading  Railroad 
Company,  and  is  counsel  for  banks,  insurance  companies,  chartered 
corporations,  private  firms,  individuals  and  estates.  He  has  an 
extensive  and  lucrative  practice  in  the  Orphans'  Court  and  in  real 
estate  settlements  and  litigation  cases.  Mr.  McKinlay  has  never 
held  any  public  office,  but  has  been  for  some  years  past  a  consider- 
able factor  in  political  affairs,  especially  in  the  Eighteenth  Ward, 
where  he  resides.  He  is  and  has  always  been  a  staunch  Republi- 
can, and  his  greatest  political  contest  occurred  in  1SSS5,  when  he 
locked  horns  with  the  Gas  Trust  in  his  personal  fight  for  the  Sena- 
torial delegate  to  the  State  convention  that  nominated  M.  S.  Quay 
for  State  Treasurer.  His  opponent  was  George  Rouey,  and  the 
fight  a  bitter  one,  Mr.  McKinlay  finally  winning  by  a  substantial 
majoritv.  In  188S  he  was  nominated  by  the  Republicans  of  the 
Fourth  Congressional  District  for  Prcsidcntal  elector.     Mr.  McKin- 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


lay  is  as  popular  among  his  fellow  legal  lights  as  he  is  with  a  large 
circle  of  friends  among  the  general  public,  who  know  him  to  be 
honest,  upright,  generous  and  a  man  whose  word  is  as  good  as  his 
bond. 


MOSES  VEALE 


Lawyer,  Orator  and  Soldier,  was  born  in  Bridgeton,  N.  J., 
November  9,  1S32.  The  sou  of  Moses  Vcale  and  Elizabeth  Sharpc. 
His  father's  grandfather,  Nehemiah  Veale  settled  near  Bridgeton, 
in  the  year  1700,  and  Walter  Veale  was  rector  of  Idysligh,  North 
Devon,  England,  1691.  His  mother's  family,  the  Sharpes,  settled 
at  Salem,  New  Jersey,  1675,  then  called  the  District  of  Fairfax,  and 
a  great  uncle  of  his  mother  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  District  by 
George  the  First.  His  mother's  father  was  in  the  charge  at  Lundy's 
Lane,  under  Gen.  Scott,  as  a  non-commissioned  officer,  and  died  at 
Sackett's  Harbor.  He  married  the  daughter  of  William  McDonald 
and  Elizabeth  Wynne.  Her  great-grandfather  McDonald  was  one 
of  the  Free  Quakers  of  the 
Revolution,  and  her  mother's 
great-grandfather  was  Thomas 
Wynne,  who  came  with  Wil- 
liam Penn,  as  surgeon. 

Major  Veale  received  an 
education  in  the  Quaker  Semi- 
nary at  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and 
was  for  three  years  instructor 
in  the  same,  after  which  he 
read  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  Courts  of  Philadelphia, 
and  the  Supreme  Courts  of 
Pennsylvania. 

Soon  after  the  breaking  out 
of  the  war,  he  was  mustered 
into  the  service  of  the  United 
Slates,  as  Second  Lieutenant 
Co.  I'.,  One  Hundred  and 
Ninth,  Pennsylvania,  Novem- 
bers, rS6l.  During  the  spring 
and  summer  of  1862,  he  served 
upon  the  staff  of  Gen.  C.  C. 
Augur,  as  Assistant  Provost 
Marshal,  and  later  upon  the 
staff  of  Gen.  John  W.  Geary, 
as  Assistant  Commissary  of 
Musters  and  Aid-de-camp,  with 
the  several  ranks  of  Lieuten- 
ant, Captain  and  Major. 

He  was  commissioned 
Captain  April  4,  1863,  and 
Major,  May  4,  1864,  and  has 
the  record  of  having  mustered 
the  first  veteran  volunteer  reg- 
iment ever  sworn  into  the 
service  of  the  United  States, 
the  Twenty- ninth  Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Major  M.  Veale  was  dis- 
charged from  the  service  by- 
special  order  of  the  War  Department,  June  S,  1S65,  and  has  a  com- 
mission dated  January  16,  1865,  as  Brevet  Colonel  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  at  the  Battles  of  Cedar  Mountain,  Antietam, 
Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Wauhatchie,  Lookout  Mountain,  Mis- 
sionary Ridge,  Ringgold,  Resaca,  New  Hope  Church,  Pine  Knob, 
Siege  of  Savannah,  and  Gen.  Sherman's  campaign  throughout  the 
Carolinas. 

In  an  extract  written  by  Gen.  John  W.  Geary,  he  speaks  of  him 
in  the  following  terms.  "  Major  Vcale  was  the  bravest  of  the  brave." 
Gen.  John  H.  Kane  says,  "  He  showed  much  gallantry  in  action," 
and  the  following  letter  written  by  that  splendid  soldier,  fighting 
Joe  Hooker:  "  It  gives  me  great  pleasure  to  state  for  the  informa- 
tion of  all  concerned  that  I  knew  Major  Veale  well  during  the 
late  war,  and  that  I  regard  his  services  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Geary, 
as  being  the  most  able  and  distinguished  of  all  his  officers,  among 
whom  were  many  of  brilliant  reputations  and  prominent  standing. 
I  am  conscious  of  no  political  excitement  that  will  justify  the 
impeachment  of  his  military  record  or  private  character." 

Major  Veale  was  slightly  wounded  in  the  arm  and  groin  at  the 
Battle  of  Cedar  Mountain  August  9,  1S62,  and  was  taken  prisoner 
and  held  as  a  hostage  in  Libby  Prison,  under  retaliatory'  orders  of 
Jefferson  Davis,  until  the  last  of  September,  1862,  when  he  was  ex- 


changed and  immediately  returned  to  his  command.  He  was 
wounded  in  the  action  at  Wauhatchie  by  a  ball  passing  through  his 
right  shoulder.  At  Kenesaw  Mountain  he  was  shot  through  the 
right  lung,  the  ball  passing  entirely  through  the  body,  and  his 
horse  was  shot  from  under  him  and 'mortally  wounded  at  the  same 
time. 

After  the  war  Major  Veale  was  commissioned  United  States 
Attorney  for  the  Territory  of  Montana,  served  as  clerk  of  Indian 
Affairs  and  on  the  8th  of  January  1S68,  was  appointed  Adjutant 
General  with  the  rank  of  Brigadier  for  the  same  territory. 

After  returning  to  Philadelphia  in  the  fall  of  1876,  he  was 
nominated  by  the  Democratic  party  for  State  Senator  in  the  Fifth 
Senatorial  District,  was  nominated  for  Recorder  of  Deeds  for  the 
City  of  Philadelphia  in  1881,  and  ran  eight  thousand  ahead  of  the 
candidate  on  the  ticket  with  him  for  State  Treasurer. 

On  the  15th  of  April,  1884,  he  was  appointed  Health  Officer  of 
the  City  of  Philadelphia  by  Governor  Pattison.    During  his  adminis- 
tration of  the  office,  a  little  less  than  three  years,  on  a  gross  receipt 
of  Jl 30,000,  the  increase  over  the  same  period  during  anv  previous 
administration  was  155,000. 

After  Governor  Beaver's 
election  he  was  promptly  re- 
moved from  office  on  account 
of  his  democracy,  though  a 
strong  petition  to  retain  him 
in  office  was  forwarded  bv  the 
President,  Secretary,  and  other 
members  of  the  Board.  Since 
that  time  he  has  resumed  the 
practice  of  law.  He  has  been 
for  several  years  Vestryman 
in  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church,  and  Superintendent 
of  Sunday-school.  He  has 
taken  an  active  part  in  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic, 
ami  contributed  largelv  to  the 
passage  of  an  Act  of  Assembly 
to  re-orgaiii/c  the  Soldier's 
Orphans'  Schools.  Is  a  promi- 
nent member  of  the  military 
order  of  the  Loyal  Legion.  He 
has  been  identified  with  the 
reform  movements  in  the  City 
of  Philadelphia.  Has  been  a 
Director  in  the  Spring  Garden 
Institute  and  other  organiza- 
tions for  the  moral  and  intel- 
lectual advancement  of  the 
city. 


Moses  Veale 


PETER  FREDERICK 
ROTHERMEL,  Jr. 

One  of  the  successful 
members  of  the  junior  Bar  of 
Philadelphia,  was  born  in  that 
city.  September  27,  1850.  The 
Rothermcls  came  to  this  coun- 
try in  1703  from  Holland.  The  grandfather  of  Mr.  Rothcnuel  was 
a  native  of  Northwestern  Pennsylvania,  and  one  of  the  sturdy 
citizens  of  Luzerne  county  early  in  this  century.  He  removed  to 
Philadelphia  about  1820,  and  became  the  proprietoi  of  the  Eagle 
Hotel,  which  stood  on  Third  street,  between  Market  and  Mul- 
berry, now  Arch,  and  was  a  popular  resort  for  markctmen, 
merchants  and  teamsters,  and  under  his  care  it  flourished.  Peter 
Frederick  Rothermcl,  the  father  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was 
born  in  Luzerne.  He  was  a  born  artist,  and  under  the  instruction 
of  Bass  Otis,  a  famous  portrait  painter,  he  himself  became  a  por- 
trait and  historical  landscape  painter  of  no  small  renown.  He  mar- 
ried Miss  Caroline  Goodhart,  of  Philadelphia,  the  mother  of  P.  F. 
Rothermcl,  Jr.  P.Frederick  Rothermel,  Jr.,  was  educated  by  pri- 
vate tutors  and  in  the  select  schools  of  this  city,  and  continued  in 
the  schools  of  France,  Italy  and  Germany,  where  his  father  was 
sojourning  for  several  years. 

The  works  of  P.  F.  Rothermcl,  Sr.,havea  wide  reputation. 
Among  the  most  famous  are,  "Discovery  of  the  Mississippi  by  De 
Soto,"  "The  Christian  Martyrs  in  the  Coliseum,"  "The  Battle  of 
Gettysburg. ' ' 

Upon  his  return  to  Philadelphia  young  Rothermel  entered  the 
Central  High  School  and  graduated  in  1S67.     He  then  entered  the 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


law  office  of  James  T.  Mitchell,  now  on  the  Supreme  Bench  of  the 
State.  He  was  duly  admitted  to  practice.  His  career  at  the  Bar 
has  been  patient  and  aggressive,  and  has  resulted  in  a  popular  line 
of  civil  practice,  largely  corporation  cases,  numbering  among  his 
clients  some  of  the  largest  concerns  and  mercantile  houses  in  the 
city  and  State.  Always  a  consistent  Republican,  Mr.  Rothcrmcl 
has  eschewed  office  as  incompatible  with  his  professional  duties, 
but  has  given  his  time,  means  and  talents  to  the  Republican  cause 
generously.  He  was  put  in  nomination  for  the  office  of  City  Solic- 
itorship  in  1SS4,  but  yielded  to  Charles  F.  Warwick,  and  fought  for 
that  gentleman's  election.  He  has  frequently  been  named  for 
Judgeship,  an  honor  that  will  probably  come  to  him  in  due  time 
as  a  matter  of  fitness.    In  1SS1  he  was  married  to  Miss  Bryant. 


to  the  duties  required  of  him  in  his  profession,  devotes  his  time 
to  the  Commercial  Mutual  Accident  Company,  of  which  he  is  pres- 
ident, he  having  been  elected  to  the  office"  on  the  death  of  the 
founder  and  organizer  of  the  company,  the  late  General  J.  F. 
Hartranft,  who  was  its  first  president  and  held  the  office  at  the  time 
of  his  decease. 


ROBERT  PORTER  DECHERT 

General  Dechert  was  born  in  Reading,  Pa.,  August  16,  1842. 
His  father  was  a  prominent  lawyer  of  Reading,  and  after  his  son 
had  spent  several  years  in  the 
schools  of  that  city,  he  sent 
him  to  the  Classical  Academy 
of  Prof.  E.  D.  Saunders,  in 
West  Philadelphia.  In  Febru- 
ary, 1S61,  he  graduated  from 
the  Central  High  School,  and 
was  about  to  begin  the  study 
of  law,  when  the  call  for  troops 
was  issued.  He  enlisted  in 
June,  1S61,  in  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Pennsylvania  Volun- 
teers. His  career  during  the 
war  was  brilliant.  Promotion 
followed  promotion,  and  when 
the  struggle  had  ended  it 
found  Mr.  Dechert  a  brevettcd 
Lieutenant  Colonel. 

His  military  career  did 
not  end  with  the  war,  how- 
ever, and  he  has  continued  in 
active  service  in  the  National 
Guard  of  the  State  ever  since, 
advancing  to  Brigadier  Gene- 
ral in  1S90.  During  the  inter- 
val he  held  the  positions  of 
Captain  of  Company  I",  of  the 
Gray  Reserves,  Cornet  in  the 
City  Troop  and  Colonel  of  the 
Second  Regiment  from  187S  to 
July  25,  1890,  when  Governor 
Beaver  promoted  him  to  the 
command  of  the  First  Brigade 
National  Guard  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. 

His  civil  life  has  been  as 
successful  and  distinguished  as 
his  military  career.  He  was 
admitced  to  the  Bar  in  Novem- 
ber, 1866,  about  which  time  he 
also  became  identified  witli 
politics,  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  Select  Council  from  the 
Twenty-seventh  Ward.  He  was  not  succcessful  in  that  campaign, 
nor  in  the  memorable  one  of  18S0,  when  he  was  the  candidate  of 
his  party  for  Auditor  General ;  but  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  in  1870,  became  City  Controller  in  1SS4,  and  was  re-elected 
to  that  office  in  18S7.  He  also  served  two  terms  as  assistant  under 
District  Attorney  Furman  Sheppard. 

General  Dechert  is  unmarried.  He  is  a  Past  Master  of  Hamil- 
ton Lodge,  No.  274,  F.  &  A.  M.,  Past  High  Priest  of  Corinthian 
Chapter,  No.  250,  and  a  member  of  Corinthian  (Chasseur)  Com- 
mandery,  No.  53,  Knights  Templar;  is  also  an  active  member  of  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  Pennsylvania.  In  addition  he  is  a  member  of  the 
Association  of  the  Survivors  of  the  Twenty-ninth  Regiment  Penn- 
sylvania Volunteers,  of  which  he  has  been  President,  the  Military 
Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion  of  the  United  States,  Post  2,  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic,  Sons  of  the  Revolution,  United  Service 
Club,  Americus  Club,  Young  Men's  Democratic  Association,  Young 
Democratic  Battalion,  Continental  Club,  Perm  Club,  Art  Club,  Macn- 
nerdior,  Young  Maennerchor,  the  Canstatter,  Bachelors'  Barge 
Club  of  the  Schuylkill  Navy,  the  Saginaw  Club,  of  which  he  is 
president,  and  the  Hibernian  Society. 

General  Dechert  has  resumed  the  practice  of  law,  and  in  addition 


WILLIAM  H.  O'BRIEN 

Mr.  O'Brien  was  born  in  Ireland  in  the  year  1S46,  where  he  re- 
ceived his  early  education  and  entered  upon  the  study  of  law,  in- 
tending to  practice  at  the  Irish  Bar.  Having  friends"  in  Philadel- 
phia he  was  induced  to  come  to  this  city  in  1867,  here  renewed  his 
legal  studies  and  was  admitted  to  the  Philadelphia  Bar  before  Judge 
Briggs  in  1S73. 

His  practice  is  largely  confined  to  the  Orphan's  court,  and  he 
also  has  a  considerable  clientage  among  heirs  of  the  Irish  estates,  in 
different  sections  of  the  United  States.  Mr.  O'Brien  is  thorough  in 
his  profession,  and  his  con- 
nections abroad  are  of  the 
highest  repute,  affording  every 
facility  in  the  prosecution  of 
such  claims. 


FRANCIS  RAWLE 

Who  comes  from  a  family 
distinguished  as  lawyers  since 
the  adoption  of  the  Constitu- 
tion, was  born  at  the  Freedom 
Iron  Works,  Mifflin  county, 
Pennsylvania,  August  7,  184b. 
His  father,  Francis  W.  Rawle, 
was  one  of  the  first  civil  en- 
gineers on  the  Pennsylvania 
Railroad,  and  his  grandfather 
was  William  Rawle,  the  elder, 
distinguished  as  a  leader  of 
the  Philadelphia  Bar  at  the 
close  of  the  last  and  the  begin- 
ning of  the  present  century. 
His  maternal  grandfather  was 
Charles  Hall,  Esq..  a  well- 
known  lawyer  of  Suubury,  Pa. 
Mr.  Rawle's  early  years 
were  passed  in  Philadelphia, 
where  he  was  fitted  to  enter 
Exeter  Academy,  New  Hamp- 
shire, which  he  left  to  enter 
Harvard  University,  at  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.,  from  which  he 
was  graduated  in  1869.  He 
then  entered  the  law  school  of 
the  same  university  and  re- 
mained until  1S71,  when  he 
received  the  degree  of  LL.  B. 
Returning  to  Philadelphia,  he 
became  a  student  of  law  in 
the  office  of  William  Henry  Rawle,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
Bar  November  4,  1871.  Since  then  he  has  been  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  the  law,  his  practice  being  of  a  diversified  charac- 
ter, extending  to  corporation  and  railroad  business  and  patent 
cases,  and  a  large  part  of  it  is  in  the  Federal  Courts. 

For  some  years  he  was  associated  in  practice  with  the  late 
Samuel  Robb,  and  was  also  in  partnership  with  Walter  George 
Smith. 

Since  1S76  Mr.  Rawle  has  acted  as  librarian  of  the  Law  Associ- 
ation, and  has  brought  that  valuable  collection  of  legal  works  up  to 
a  high  rank  among  the  law  libraries  of  the  country.  It  is  probably 
now  the  third  in  the  value  of  its  collection. 

His  literary  work  in  the  profession  has  consisted  chiefly  in 
his  preparation  of  the  last  edition  of  Judge  Bouvier's  famous 
law  dictionary,  a  standard  work  in  the  profession,  on  which  as 
editor  he  spent  ncarlv  five  years.  He  has  written  much  for  the 
legal  periodicals,  and  in  1885  he  prepared  a  paper  on  "  Car  Trust 
Securities,"  a  novel  legal  topic,  for  the  American  Bar  Associa- 
tion. He  has  been  the  treasurer  of  that  association  since  its 
formation  in  1S7S. 

In  1S90  Mr.  Rawle  was  elected  one  of  the  overseers  of  Harvard 
University  for  the  term  of  six  years. 


Robert  Porter  Dechert 


Philadelphia  and  popular  philadelphians. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


WILLIAM  HENRY  LEX 

A  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar  and  ex-President  of  its  Com- 
mon Council,  was  born  in  that  citv,  September  16,  1S48.  His 
father,  Charles  E.  Lex,  represented  for  many  vears  the  Tenth  Ward 
in  Common  Council,  and  in  1S60  was  elected  City  Solicitor.  He 
was  also  President  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  Girard  College  at 
the  date  of  his  decease,  May  16,  1S72.  The  family  are  of  German 
descent. 

W.  H.  Lex  received  a  classical  education,  and  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania  with  honors  in  1S67.  He  then  en- 
tered the  commission  house  of  William  A.  Smetherst,  on  Bank 
street,  where  he  became  fully  conversant  with  the  details  of 
the  business.  He  then  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  woolen 
yarns. 

After  two  years  he  was  prompted  to  wind  up  his  business 
(which  had  been  a  successful  one),  and  to  adopt  the  profession  of 
his  father.  He  then  began  the  study  of  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  by  the  Board  of  Examiners  in  February  of  1S73.  Under 
the  supervision  of  Mr.  George 
W.  Thorn,  who  was  his  pre- 
ceptor, his  father's  law  busi- 
ness was  continued,  and 
brought  to  Mr.  Lex  a  large 
clientage.  He  was  employed 
by  the  Managers  of  the  House 
of  Correction  as  their  counsel. 
His  successful  prosecution  of 
several  cases  led  to  his  ap- 
pointment as  solicitor  of  the 
board,  which  position  he  held 
until  187S.  He  was  induced 
to  run  for  Common  Council 
from  the  Eighth  Ward,  and  was 
elected.  Entering  the  Council, 
he  was  placed  at  the  head  of 
the  Committee  of  Law,  mem- 
ber of  the  Committees  on 
Schools  and  City  Property. 
In  i.S.So  he  was  re-elected  with- 
out opposition,  to  serve  until 
April.  1SS2. 

During  the  first  year  of 
his  second  term  Mr.  Lex  stood 
second  on  the  Finance  Com- 
mittee, was  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Surveys,  and  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on 
Law,  and  on  the  first  Monday 
of  April,  188 1,  was  elected 
President  of  the  Common 
Council.  In  February,  1SS2, 
he  was  unanimously  re-elected 
for  a  third  term,  being  nomi- 
nated by  the  Republicans,  en- 
dorsed by  the  Democrats  and 
Committee  of  One  Hundred. 
On  the  first  Monday  of  April, 
1882,  he  was  re-elected  Presi- 
dent of  the  Council,  and  again 
in  April,  1S83,  for  a  third  term,  each  election  being  unanimous. 

After  his  fourth  term  he  retired  from  public  life.  His  associ- 
ates in  the  Council  passed  complimentarv  resolutions,  bearing  tes- 
timony to  his  uniform  courtesy  and  fairness,  and  it  was  ordered 
that  his  portrait  (painted  by  Waugh),  should  be  hung  in  the  Coun- 
cil chamber.  His  practice  is  general.  He  appears  frequeutly  in 
the  Orphans'  Court  in  settlement  of  large  estates.  He  enjoys  the 
clientage  of  many  large  corporations,  such  as  the  National  Bank  of 
Northern  Liberties,  the  City  National  Bank,  the  United  Security 
Life  Insurance  and  Trust  Company.  He  is  also  attorney  for  the 
Fifth  and  Sixth  Streets  Railroad  Company  and  the  Lehigh  Avenue 
Railroad  Company.  He  was  prominent  in  the  suits  brought  by  the 
stockholders  of  the  Insurance  Company  of  North  America.  He 
has  a  valuable  clientage  in  New  York  City,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  on  January  19,  18S0,  and 
during  Attorney  General  Brewster's  incumbency  he  frequently  ap- 
peared in  the  United  States  courts. 

•  He  is  a  director  of  the  City  National  Bank,  Past  Master  of 
Lodge  No.  51,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  a  member  of  Signet  Royal  Arch 
Chapter,  No.  251,  and  Philadelphia  Commandery,  No.  2,  K.  T. 
He  also  enjoys  membership  in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  and 


Samuel  Baird  Huey 


the  Clover  Club,  and  was  the  founder  of  the  Orpheus  Club,  being 
an  enthusiastic  musician.  He  is  prominent  in  social  life  and  en- 
joys the  regard  of  a  large  circle  of  friends.  Mr.  Lex  was  married 
in  1S78  to  Miss  Pattie  Barclay,  the  daughter  of  a  well  known  Phila- 
delphian. 

SAMUEL  BAIRD  HUEY 

One  of  the  leading  corporation  lawyers  of  Philadelphia,  is  the 
son  of  Samuel  C.  Huey,  who  was  for  many  years  President  of  the 
Penn  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company.  His  mother  was  Miss 
Mary  A.  Baird,  of  Charleston,  S.  C.  He  was  born  in  Pittsburg, 
Pa.,  on  January  7,  1843,  received  his  preliminary  education  in  pri- 
vateschoolsand  in  the  Central  High  School  of  Philadelphia,  where  he 
was  the  valedictorian  of  his  class.  He  then  entered  Princeton  College, 
graduating  with  honor  in  the  class  of  1863  and  carrying  off  prizes  for 
oratory  and  debate.  From  college  he  went  into  the  United  States 
Navy  and  was  attached  to  the  United  States  Steamer  San  Jacinto 
and  the  Yantic,  with  an  interval  of  service  on  the  staff  of  Rear  Ad- 
miral Bailey.  He  was  in  the 
attack  on  Fort  Fisher  and  Wil- 
mington, and  then  served  on 
blockade  duty  until  December, 
1S65,  when  he  resigned  his 
commission,  returned  home, 
and  commenced  the  studv  of 
law  in  the  office  of  John  C. 
Bullitt,  Esq.  About  the  same 
time  he  joined  the  First  Regi- 
ment X.  G.  P.,  and  was  after- 
wards successively  appointed 
Captain,  Major,  and  Assistant 
Adjutant  General  on  the  staff 
of  the  commanding  General  of 
the  Philadelphia  troops.  In 
1878  he  resigned  from  the 
Guard  on  account  of  increasing 
professional  duties.  Mean- 
while he  had  received  the  de- 
gree of  A.  M.  from  Princeton 
and  LL.  B.  from  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania.  During  the 
first  four  years  of  his  profes- 
sional life  he  was  associated 
with  Mr.  Bullitt,  but  on  Janu- 
ary 1,  1.S72,  he  opened  an  office 
of  his  own.  and  lias  since  been 
continuously  in  active  prac- 
tice. It  is  unnecessary  to  refer 
at  length  to  Mr.  Huev's  suc- 
cess in  his  profession,  nor  to 
the  many  important  cases 
which  he  has  handled  with 
skill  and  ability.  It  is  suffi- 
cient to  say  that  he  has  secured 
an  enviable  and  lucrative  posi- 
tion in  the  front  ranks  of  the 
Bar,  possessing  as  he  does 
every  one  of  the  qualities  so 
requisite  to  success.  It  is  cur- 
rent report  that  his  professional  income  is  among  the  largest  in  the 
city,  and  from  the  number  of  corporations  which  he  advises  this 
can  readily  be  believed. 

Socially  he  is  as  prominent  and  popular  as  he  is  in  his  profes- 
sion. He  has  been  director  and  Secretary  of  the  Union  League 
(1878-18S8),  and  its  Vice-President  from  1S8S,  a  governor  of  the 
University  Club,  a  director  of  the  Art  Club,  and  a  member  and 
counsel  of  the  Loyal  Legion. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  National  Bar  Association,  a  trustee 
of  the  Williamson  Free  School,  a  trustee  of  the  Presbvtcrian 
Hospital,  an  elder  in  the  Presbyterian  Church,  and  a  member  of 
the  Presbyterian  Board  of  Education.  His  counsel  is  much 
sought  after  in  business  affairs,  and  he  serves  as  director  of 
the  City  Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Company,  the  Security  Com- 
pany, the  Edison  Light  Company,  and  the  Spring  Garden  Insur- 
ance Company. 

He  has  always  declined  political  office,  but  serves  in  the  Board  of 
Public  Education  at  the  request  and  on  the  appointment  of  the 
Board  of  Judges. 

In  1S6S  he  married  Miss  Mary  E.  Abrams.  They  have  had  a 
family  of  seven  children,  five  of  whom  are  now  living. 


45 


PHILADELPHIA  AXD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


DUNCAN  L.  BUZBY 

Duncan  L.  Buzby,  a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar,  well 
known  anil  of  good  standing,  is  a  son  of  the  late  John  L.  Buzby,  of 
the  old  firm  of  Buzby  &  Co.,  which  a  century  ago  carried  on  a 
large  grain,  produce  and  shipping  business,  and  a  great-grandson 
of  Gen.  William  M.  Duncan,  a  Brigadier  General  during  the  War 
of  1812  and  Collector  of  the  Port  under  President  Andrew  Jackson. 

Mr.  Buzby  has  a  classical  education,  and  held  the  position  of 
president  of  his  class  in  the  Law  Department  of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1873,  and  has  a 
good  practice,  confined  chiefly  to  real  estate  and  corporation  busi- 
ness. He  also  holds  the  position  of  attorney  for  the  collection 
agencies  of  Williamson,  of  New  York,  and  the  Keystone,  of  Phila- 
delphia. His  office  practice  is  large,  and  he  has  been  particularly 
successful  in  obtaining  satisfactory  settlements  in  the  interest  of 
his  clients  before  the  cases  were  tried  in  court. 

Mr.  Buzby  has  represented  as  counsel  some  important  corpora- 
tions, among  which  were  the  Fidelity  and  Casualty  Company,  of 
New  York,  the  Continental 
Trust  Company  and  the  Citi- 
zens' Trust  and  Surety  Com- 
pany, of  Philadelphia.  He  has 
also  held  the  position  of  Vice- 
President  of  the  Common- 
wealth National  Bank  and  of 
the  Citizens'  Trust  and  Surety 
Company,  but  was  compelled 
to  resign  from  both  on  account 
of  increasing  practice.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  Union  League, 
the  Art  Club  and  the  Penn 
Club  and  several  other  promi- 
nent social  organizations,  and 
also  holds  the  position  of 
President  of  the  School  Board 
of  the  Seventh  Section  of  Phil- 
adelphia. 

Mr.  Buzby  has  offices  in 
New  York  as  well  as  in  Phila- 
delphia. 


JONES, 

CARSON  &  PHILLIPS 

These  gentlemen  form  one 
of  the  brightest  group  of  at- 
torneys in  the  City  of  Phila- 
delphia. J.  Levering  Jones  is 
the  senior  partner,  and  was 
born  July  26,  185 1.  He  at- 
tended school  near  Boston, 
Mass.,  ami  later  became  a  clerk 
with  J.  Walraven  &  Co.,  in 
Philadelphia.  He  studied  law 
with  Borgcr  &  Gross,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Law  De- 
partment of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania.  He  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Bar  in  September,  1S74,  and  in  1S79  formed  a 
copartnership  with  William  A.  Redding  and  Hampton  L.  Carson, 
under  the  firm  name  of  Redding,  Jones  &  Carson.  In  18S7  Mr. 
Redding  removed  to  New  York  to  attend  exclusively  to  patent  bus- 
iness, and  the  title  was  then  changed  to  the  present  by  the  admit- 
tance of  Alfred  J.  Phillips,  Esq.  Mr.  Carson  was  born  February  21, 
1S52,  and  received  his  early  education  in  the  schools  of  this  city, 
graduating  from  the  Department  of  Arts  in  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania in  1S71,  and  from  the  Law  Department  in  1S74.  He  stud- 
ied law  with  William  A.  Tilghman,  Esq.,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
Bar  in  April,  1874.  Some  time  ago  Mr.  Carson  was  chosen  by  the 
Judiciary  Committee  of  the  New  York  State  Bar  Association  to  pre- 
pare a  history  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  which  is 
shortly  to  be  published.  Alfred  J.  Phillips,  Esq.,  was  born  May  23, 
1S52,  and  his  early  school  days  were  spent  in  the  Episcopal  Acad- 
emy, and  later  entered  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  where  he 
took  a  three  years'  course  in  the  Department  of  Arts.  He  was  in 
business  with  Lawrence,  Johnson  &  Co.  for  a  year,  and  then  read 
law  with  E.  Coppee  Mitchell,  Esq.  After  graduating  from  the  Law- 
Department  of  the  University  he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  May, 
1875.  F°r  some  time  thereafter  he  was  title  examiner  of  the  Land 
Title  and  Trust  Company,  and  in  1SS7  entered  the  present  firm. 


William  Wallace  Weigle 


WILLIAM  WALLACE  WEIGLEY 

Was  born  in  Lebanon  County,  Pennsylvania,  at  Shaferstown, 
founded  by  Alexander  Shafer,  one  of  his  forefathers,  in  1740.  As 
early  as  1798  one  of  his  paternal  ancestors,  Joseph  Weigley,  was 
admitted  to  practice  at  the  Philadelphia  Bar.  Mr.  Weigley,  the 
subject  of  this  sketch,  graduated  at  Franklin  and  Marshall  College 
in  1862.  After  residing  for  sometime  in  New  York  Citv  he  entered 
upon  the  study  of  law  in  Philadelphia,  in  the  office  of  Samuel  H. 
Perkins,  Esq.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  May,  1S67,  and  soon 
acquired  a  remunerative  practice  in  the  courts  of  that  city,  his  at- 
tention being  largely  occupied  with  practice  in  the  Oqmans' 
Court.  He  was  frequently  appointed  by  the  courts  to  audit  ac- 
counts of  trustees,  and  also  participated  as  counsel  in  the  settle- 
ment of  many  important  estates. 

In  1872  he  was  appointed  cashier  of  the  United  States  Custom 
House  at  Philadelphia,  which  position   he  held  during  the  incum- 
bency of  Hon.  John  W.  Forney  as  Collector  of  the  Port.     He  vis- 
ited Europe   in  1875,   and  gave   material  aid  to  Col.  Forney  in  the 
performance   of  his  duties  as 
Foreign    Centennial    Commis- 
sioner. 

Subsequently  he  became 
extensively  engaged  in  the 
control  and  direction  of  min- 
ing suits  in  Colorado,  which 
he  conducted  with  marked 
success  on  behalf  of  eastern 
stockholders.  His  familiarity 
with  legislation  relating  to 
coinage  and  legal  tender  led  to 
his  selection  as  a  member  of 
the  National  Bi-mctallie  Coin- 
age Association.  He  presided 
over  its  convention  held  at 
Washington,  D.  C  in  Januarv, 
1886,  and  was  Chairman  of  the 
committee  that  memorialized 
Congress  on  the  subject  of  bi- 
metallism. 

In  1SS8  Mr.  Weigley  was 
appointed  special  counsel  for 
the  State  of  Pennsylvania  to 
institute  suits  against  the 
Credit  Mobilier  of  America 
and  the  Union  Pacific  Railroad 
Company  for  collection  of 
taxes.  Notwithstanding  stren- 
uous opposition  in  the  courts, 
the  proceedings  were  success- 
fullv  conducted,  resulting  in 
the  recovery  of  a  large  sum  lor 
the  Commonwealth. 

In  addition  to  his  offices 
in  the  Drcxel  Building,  where 
he  is  assisted  in  his  Philadel- 
phia practice  by  John  H.  Col- 
ton,  Esq.,  Mr.  Weigley  has  an 
office  in  Xew  York  City,  hav- 
ing a  large  clientage  there, 
whose  interests,  and  his  engagements  as  counsel  for  several  railroad 
and  other  corporations,  require  his  frequent  personal  attention. 
This,  however,  docs  not  interfere  with  his  general  practice  in 
Philadelphia,  where  his  energies  of  late  have  been  particularly 
devoted  to  questions  incident  to  corporation  law. 

Mr.  Weigley  is  connected  with  several  social  and  scientific 
clubs,  and  has  been  a  member  of  the  Union  League  since  1869. 


WALTER  EDWIN  REX 

Was  born  at  Chestnut  Hill  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  on 
April  10,  1847.  His  parents  were  George  Y.  Rex  and  Mary  C.  Rex, 
both  of  whom  were  of  German  ancestors  who  came  over  with  Wil- 
liam Penn  and  settled  at  Chestnut  Hill,  where  they  and  their  des- 
cendants have  always  held  large  landed  interests. 

Mr.  Rex  was  educated  in  the  public  and  private  schools  and 
graduated  from  the  Central  High  School  and  subsequently  from 
the  Law  Department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
studied  law  with  Frank  Wolfe,  Esq. ,  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar,  and  was 
admitted  to  practice  on  October  3,  1874,  and  received  the  degree  of 
Bachelor  of  Laws  from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  in  June,  1S75. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


In  February,  1S79,  he  was  elected  to  Common  Council  from  the 
Twenty-second  Ward  on  the  Republican  ticket.  In  February,  1881, 
he  was  re-elected  on  the  Independent  Republican  ticket.  In 
November,  1882,  he  was  elected  Register  of  Wills  and  Clerk  of 
Orphan's  Court  for  the  County  of  Philadelphia,  on  the  ticket  nom- 
inated by  the  Committee  of  One  Hundred. 

While  Register  he  introduced  the  system  of  Petitions  now  in 
use  in  making  application  for  Letter  of  Administration  and  Testa- 
mentary. The  Marriage  License  Law  went  into  effect  during  his 
term  as  Clerk  of  the  Orphan's  Court,  and  he  originated  and  intro- 
duced the  present  forms  which  have  been  generally  copied  through- 
out the  State. 

Since  term  of  office  expired,  has  been  in  successful  practice  of 
his  profession. 

ALFRED  FRANK  CUST1S 


knowledge  of  business  methods  made  his  advice  uniformly  effective 
in  attaining  the  ends  desired  by  his  clients. 

To  Mr.  Simpson's  social  status  is  mainly  due  the  prominence 
he  has  attained  in  this  field  of  professional  work.  He  is  a  valued 
member  of  many  clubs  in  this  and  other  cities,  and  prominent  in 
Masonic  councils,  a  circumstance  which  gave  him  the  opportunity 
for  the  exercise  of  his  talents  in  this  direction  ;  and  in  the  adjust- 
ment of  complicated  affairs  of  competing  lines  of  telegraph  and 
railroad  companies,  he  is  recognized  as  an  expert  of  acknowledged 
ability. 

In  society,  as  in  professional  circles  here  and  elsewhere,  Mr. 
Simpson  is  held  in  high  esteem  and  confidence,  and  although  one 
of  the  junior  members  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar,  the  great  success 
already  attained  gives  promise  of  still  greater  results. 


Alfred  Frank  Custis  was  born  in  Washington,  D.  C,  1S51,  and 
received  his  early  education  in  the  very  excellent  private  schools  of 
that  city,  then  entering  Colum- 
bia College,  from  which,  after 
taking  a  full  course,  he  gradu- 
ated with  honor.  He  read  law 
for  a  period,  and  then  turned  his 
attention  to  journalism,  securing 
employment  first  with  the  New 
York  Herald  and  later  with  the 
Philadelphia  Record.  He  re- 
turned to  the  study  and  practice 
of  law,  the  latter  being  largelv 
confined  to  counseling  in  cor- 
poration business,  linns  and  pri- 
vate estates.  He  is  possessed  of 
keen  intelligence,  quick  to  per- 
ceive a  technical  error  and  quick 
to  grasp  it  and  use  it  for  the 
benefit  of  his  client.  He  is  cool, 
collected  and  calculating  in 
speaking,  his  delivery  being 
both  concise  and  pleasing.  He 
knows  the  benefit  to  be  derived 
from  favorably  impressing  a 
jury  with  his  side  of  the  case, 
and  from  the  moment  he  begins 
addressing  the  twelve  "  true  and 
tried  men  "  he  wins  their  re- 
spect and  generally  their  verdict. 
But  he  is  not  alone  popular  with 
juries,  but  with  the  judges  and 
his  fellow  lawyers,  as  also  a  large 
circle  of  friends  outside  of  his 
profession. 

His  consulting  offices  arc  at 
No.  733  Walnut  street.  Mr. 
Custis  is  a  member  of  the  Ma- 
sonic Order,  and  served  several 
terms  as  General  Master  of  the 
A. O.  U.W.,  in  whose  success  and  Henry  C 

progress  he  took  an  active  part. 


LOUIS   MACLANE  SIMPSON 


Descended  from  some  of  the  oldest  settlers  of  the  country,  Louis 
MacLauc  Simpson  was  born  in  Philadelphia  in  1.S52,  and  his  early 
education  was  received  in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  Depart- 
ment of  Arts.  Afterwards  he  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
Bar  of  Philadelphia  in  1S75.  He  inherited  from  his  maternal  an- 
cestors, some  of  whom  were  noted  jurists  in  the  early  days  of  the 
Republic,  legal  talents  of  a  high  order,  and  soon  after  entering  on 
his  professional  career  in  his  native  city,  he  attained  a  foremost 
place  among  the  junior  members  of  the  Bar. 

Having  made  a  special  study  of  corporation  law,  and  from  the 
beginning  almost  constantly  and  altogether  successfully,  he  has 
been  concerned  as  counsel  for  many  large  corporate  bodies  in  mat- 
ters of  great  importance. 

As  counsel  in  the  adjustment  of  affairs  of  great  moment  in  the 
litigation  between  telegraph  and  railroad  companies,  he  has  been 
notably  prominent  and  successful,  and  largely  through  his  efforts 
was  the  consolidation  of  the  various  telegraph  lines^effccted.  As 
counsel,  his  services  have  been  sought  in  the  litigation  between 
many  Western  railroad  companies,  and  his  experience  and  thorough 


JOSEPH  MELLORS 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  in  1852,  and  was  educated  in  several 
of  the  private  schools  of  the  citv, 
and  subsequently  pursued  a 
classical  course  of  studv  under 
the  direction  of  Rev.  Dr.  Thomp- 
son, now  Pastor  of  the  Select 
Presbyterian  Church,  on  Central 
Avenue;  he  also  attended  Mcig's 
Academy  preparatory  to  en- 
tering upon  a  college  course. 

He  entered  upon  a  full  clas- 
sical course  of  studv  at  Lafav- 
cttc  College  from  which  institu- 
tion he  was  graduated  in  1S71, 
and  then  became  a  student  of 
law  in  the  office  of  McGregor 
J.  Mitcheuer.  He  was  admitted 
to  the  Bar  of  Philadelphia  coun- 
ty in  1S76,  and  has  since  steadily 
pursued  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession and  built  up  a  large  prac- 
tice in  the  several  courts. 

Mr.  Mcllors  is  a  careful,  stu- 
dious lawyer  and  an  able  advo- 
cate. He  is  an  active  and  honor- 
ed member  of  the  Unitarian  Club 
and  of  the  Unitarian  Church, 
and  also  of  the  American  Asso- 
ciation for  the  advancement  of 
Science,  and  takes  prominent 
part  in  the  discussion  of  Natural 
Science  and  Social  questions. 
He  is  also  prominent  in  the 
American  Association  of  Politi- 
cal and  Social  Science  and  has 
contributed  to  the  same  from 
time  to  time. 

Mr.  Mcllors  is  a  student  of 
his  profession  and  a  man  of  wide 
reading  and  general  informa- 
tion, and  in  social  life  as  well  as 
among  his  professional  brethren 
he  is  held  in  general  esteem  and  high  regard.  His  success  as  a 
lawyer  has  been  marked  and  decided.  His  practice  is  general,  he 
being  engaged  from  time  to  time  in  the  several  courts  of  Philadel- 
phia and  adjoining  counties,  and  in  the  Supreme  Court  of  Penn- 
sylvania, and  the  United  States  Court  of  this  District. 

His  office  in  Philadelphia  is  situated  at  52S  Walnut  street. 


Terry 


HENRY  C.  TERRY 

Henry  C.  Terry,  one  of  the  brighest  members  of  the  Philadel- 
phia Bar,  was  born  in  this  city,  March  17,  1.S46.  and  was  the  sec- 
ond son  of  Asaph  Terry,  a  well  known  wholesale  dry  goods  mer- 
chant, who,  prior  to  the  Rebellion,  was  engaged  in  business  in 
Philadelphia,  Chicago  and  Louisville.  Through  the  failure  of  the 
Southern  house  Mr.  Terry's  fortune  was  so  impaired  that  he  was 
compelled  to  retire  from  business,  and  with  his  family  removed  to 
a  farm  near  Woodbury,  N.  J.,  where  Henry  pursued  and  completed 
those  studies  which  fitted  him  for  entrance  into  his  chosen  profes- 
sion. In  1S63  he  became  a  law  student  under  Hon.  Carroll  Brew- 
ster, and  passed  a  highly  creditable  examination  before  attaining 
his  majority. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHLAXS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


Owing  to  the  fact  that  he  could  not  legally  be  admitted  to 
practice  until  twenty-one  years  old,  he  was  not  sworn  in  until 
March  16,  1867.  He  has  a  lucrative  practice  in  all  the  higher  as 
well  as  the  lower  courts,  and  is  noted  for  strict  attention  to  his  cli- 
ents' business,  and  for  the  unlimited  energy  which  he  brings  to 
bear  in  their  behalf,  while  his  uniform  courtesy  to  evervone,  wit- 
ness as  well  as  client,  opposing  counsel  in  the  case  as  well  as  the 
Judge  upon  the  Bench,  supplemented  by  the  strongest  points  of 
his  case  in  terms  terse  and  vigorous,  but  brief,  rarely  fails  in  secur- 
ing victory. 

He  has  long  been  a  member  of  the  Union  League,  Law  Asso- 
ciation and  similar  institutions ;  of  the  Pennsylvania  Historical 
Society,  Sons  of  the  Revolution,  Grand  Lodge  "of  Masons,  having 
been  Master  of  his  own  lodge  (No.  51),  in  1876.  He  has  persist- 
ently declined  to  be  a  candidate  for  office,  though  well  to  the 
front  in  many  political  movements. 

Mr.  Terry  was  married  in  187 1  to  Miss  Emma  Willis,  of  New- 
Jersey. 

Mr.  Terry  is  descended  from  an  old  and  honorable  name.  The 
founder  of  the  family  is  sup- 
posed to  have  been  Thierry 
(the  oldest  son  of  Cloris,  the 
first  Christian  monarch  of 
France),  anglicized  into  Terry 
by  members  of  the  family  who 
settled  in  England.  In  1650 
one  of  them  emigrated  and 
settled  at  Springfield,  Mass. 
Mr.  Terry  is  lineally  descended 
from  this  source,  and  is  also  in 
direct  line  I  female  I  a  descend- 
ant in  the  tenth  generation  of 
Gov.  William  Bradford,  of  Ply- 
mouth colony,  who  came  over 
in  the  "Mayflower." 


Kiely  of  Virginia,   who  was  appointed  by  President  Cleveland  a 
Judge  of  the  International  Court  now  sitting  in  Cairo,  Egypt. 


WILLIAM  GORMAN 


TIMOTHY  M.   DAILY 


Is  a  native  of  Ireland 
where  he  was  born  in  1854, 
and  his  early  life  was  spent  on 
his  father's  farm  and  in  the 
attendance  on  the  schools  of 
his  district.  Both  parents  died 
when  he  was  quite  young,  and 
his  aunt  assisted  him  to  immi- 
grate to  the  United  States.  He 
attended  the  public  schools  of 
Philadelphia,  and  subsequently 
received  private  instruction 
from  Prof.  A.  E.  Kodgerson, 
one  of  the  members  of  the 
faculty  of  La  Salle  College. 
In  1873  he  entered  the  office 
of  Major  M.  J.  Bryne  as  a  law 
student,  and  in  1874  he  began 
a  law  course  in  the  Law  De- 
partment of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania,  from  which  he 
was  graduated  in  1S76  with  Messrs.  Otto  Wolff,  Wm.  Gorman, 
Dwight  W.  Lowry,  Jos.  P.  Gross,  and  others,  now  prominent 
attorneys  of  the  city. 

On  February  20,  1876,  he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar.  His  prac- 
tice is  largely  confined  to  real  estate  law,  in  which  he  has  been 
eminently  successful,  as  also  in  his  Orphans'  Court  practice.  He 
represents  several  large  real  estate  companies  and  Building  Asso- 
ciations in  this  city,  and  was  engaged  in  many  important  cases  in 
that  line  of  practice  among  which  were  Association  vs.  Brvne,  and 
same  vs.  Callahan. 

In  Johnson's  estate  Mr.  Daly  was  also  counsel  and  succeeded 
in  maintaining  a  verbal  alteration  of  a  will,  and  in  effecting  a  dis- 
tribution among  all  testatrix's  children  equally,  although  she  had 
made  a  will  two  years  before  by  which  she  devised  all  her  personal 
property  to  one  other  children. 

Mr.  Daly  is  largely  interested  in  the  success  of  the  Irish  Catho- 
lic Benevolent  Union — a  benevolent  organization  which  has  some 
six  hundred  lodges  in  the  United  States  and  Canada  with  a  mem- 
bership of  over  thirty  thousand.  He  is  the  Supreme  President  of 
the  organization  having  been  unanimously  elected  to  that  position 
at  a  general  convention  held  in  the  City  of  St.  Louis  in  September, 
1890.     Among  his  predecessors  ill  that  position  being  Hon.  A.  M. 


Robert  Alexander 


Of  a  famous  old  Irish  family,   and  one  of  the  leaders  of  the 
younger  Bar,  was  born  in  Queens  County,  Ireland,  April  9,  1S4S. 
Thirty-eight  years   of  his  life  has  he  spent  in  Philadelphia.     Edu- 
cated in  the  public  schools  of  this  city,  he  claims  to  be  more  of  a 
Philadelphian   than   if  he  had  been  born  here,  and  is  always  ready 
to  do  battle  with  all  comers  for  this  city  of  his  residence,     immedi- 
ately upon  the  completion  of  his  education  he  took  up  the  study  of 
law,  and  for  a  number  of  years,  under  the  direction  of  G.  Washing- 
ton Powell,   Esq.,  confined  himself  exclusively  to  that  most  intri- 
cate branch  of  law  learning,  conveyancing  and  real  estate.     Having 
built  up  a  large  and  extensive  practice  in  those  branches,  he  was 
advised  by  his  clients  that  it  would  be  mutually  advantageous  that 
he  should  qualify  himself  to  attend  to  their  legal  business  as  well 
as  that  out  of  court.     He  there- 
upon  entered  upon  the  study 
of  the  law  proper,  entered  the 
Law  School  of  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  in   1S76 
graduated    Bachelor   of  Laws, 
and  having  passed  the  Board 
of  Examiners,    was    admitted 
to  practice.      His   career  as  a 
practitioner  in  the  courts  from 
that  date  was  assured,   an  ex- 
tensive civil  practice  Mowed  in 
upon  him.     His  practice  calls 
him  but  seldom  into  the  crimi- 
nal courts,  and   then  only   to 
help  a  client  for  whom  he  has 
been  engaged  in  the  civil  side 
of  the  court.     Mainly  through 
his  exertions  and  to  help  the 
members   of   the  legal   profes- 
sion  the  Commonwealth  Title 
Insurance  and  Trust  Company 
was  formed.      He   was  one  of 
its  directors   from   the  begin- 
ning.    He   is   counsel  for  the 
Hibernian   Society  for  the  re- 
lief of  immigrants  from  Ireland 
and  of  the  Board  of  Presidents 
of  the  United  Charitable  Soci- 
eties for  the  relief  of  the  sub- 
jects of  all   nations  landing  at 
this  port.     He  is  noted  for  his 
care   and   tact  in  keeping  his 
clients  out  of  court  and  litiga- 
tions, always  willing  to  advise 
a  settlement   or   a   small    per- 
sonal sacrifice  rather  than  rush 
them    into   die    turmoil    of  a 
lawsuit ;  a  safe  counsellor,  but 
when    he   has  exhausted    all 
honest  efforts  for  settlement  he 
becomes  aggressive  to  the  last  degree,  as  a  great  number  of  the  most 
bitterly  contested  cases  in  our  books  bearing  his  name  will  show. 
In  few  of  these  cases  will  vou  find  his  name  on  the  losing  side. 

He  is  connected  with  many  institutions  of  a  charitable,  politi- 
cal and  social  nature,  and  is  a  public  spirited  and  progressive  citi- 
zen.    He  resides  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Ward. 


ROBERT  ALEXANDER 

Bucks  County  has  sent  to  the  Philadelphia  Bar  some  of  the 
brightest  legal  minds  of  the  day,  and  among  them  none  are  more 
successful  or  deservedly  successful  than  Robert  Alexander.  "Old 
Bucks  "  is  his  native  county,  and  there  amidst  its  beauties  he  first 
saw  the  light  of  day  on  July  3,  1846.  It  was  there  also  in  the  public 
schools  he  laid  the  foundation  of  his  education,  passing  thence 
into  the  Carversvillc  Normal  School,  from  which  he  graduated 
with  high  honors.  After  teaching  school  for  four  years,  Mr.  Alex- 
ander entered  the  office  of  Hon.  D.  Newlin  Fell,  now  an  associate 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas.  No.  2,  of  this  City,  under 
whom  he  studied  law.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1871,  and  at 
once  engaged  in  active  practice.     His  career  in  the  civil  courts  has 


4« 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


been  as  constant  and  extensive  as  it  has  been  varied  and  successful, 
appearing  in  many  important  cases  and  taking  part  in  some  of  the 
most  important  legal  discussions  which  have  come  before  the 
courts  in  recent  years.  When  Charles  F.  Warwick  was  named  as 
Assistant  District  Attorney,  Mr.  Alexander  became  associated  with 
him  as  law  partner,  and  when  the  same  gentleman  was  elected 
City  Solicitor,  he  appointed  Mr.  Alexander  his  first  assistant, 
which  position  he  filled  for  six  years. 

It  was  during  this  period  while  Mr.  Alexander  was  first  as- 
sistant that  the  many  difficult  legal  questions  arose  relative  to  the 
organization  and  management  of  the  City  departments  under  the 
Bullitt  Bill.  With  the  settlement  of  all  these  questions,  Mr. 
Alexander  had  much  to  do.  He  also  took  part  in  all  the  important 
litigation  in  which  the  City  was  a  party.  For  the  effort  made  by 
him  in  the  suit  of  the  City  to  prevent  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading 
Railroad  from  building  its  road  without  consent  of  the  Citv,  he  has 
always  been  highly  complimented.  At  the  end  of  Mr.  Warwick's 
second  term,  Mr.  Alexander  left  the  City  Solicitor's  office  and  re- 
sumed his  private  practice,  which  has  increased  rapidly,  especially 
in  the  line  of  corporation  and  municipal  law. 

Mr.  Alexander  is  a  thoroughly  trained  lawyer,  well  read,  and 
a  careful,  painstaking  worker.  His  briefs  always  show  care  and 
thorough  preparation.  He  is  sound  in  judgment,  clear  in  arrange- 
ment, logical  and  concise  in  argument.  He  is  convincing  alike  to 
judge  and  jury,  and  in  the  management  of  his  nisi  prius  cases  he  at- 
tends to  every  detail,  while  in  the  examination  of  witnesses  he  is 
keen  and  searching,  yet  never  unduly  aggressive  or  personal.  Prob- 
ably no  case  with  which  he  was  ever  connected  gave  him  more 
prominence  than  the  Keystone  Bank-Bardsley  transactions.  He 
was  City  Treasurer  Bardsley's  counsel,  and  although  his  case  was 
beyond  winning,  he  nevertheless  handled  it  in  a  manner  to  win  the 
admiration  of  his  opposing  attorneys  and  the  public  which  followed 
the  contest  with  eager  interest. 

His  law  offices  arc  in  the  Girard  Building  and  his  partner  is 
Edward  W.  Magill. 


WILLIAM  RIGHTER  FISHER 

This  successful  lawyer  and  scientist  was  born  at  Bryn  Mawr, 
Montgomery  County,  Pa.,  in  1S49,  and  is  of  Welsh  and  Scotch- 
Irish  descent.  His  father  was  Win.  A.  Fisher,  a  successful  farmer  of 
Montgomery  County,  Pa.,  and  his  mother  was  Sarah  P.  Anderson, 
whose  great-grandfather  was  a  Captain  in  the  Continental  Army  in 
the  War  of  the  Revolution. 

Mr.  Fisher  was  educated  in  a  select  school  and  was  prepared 
for  college  at  Prof.  Hastings'  School  in  West  Philadelphia.  He 
then  became  a  student  at  Dickinson  College,  Carlisle,  Pa.,  from 
which  time  honored  institution  he  was  graduated  with  high  honors 
in  1870. 

He  accepted  the  position  of  Professor  of  Natural  Science  in 
Dickinson  Seminary,  at  Williamsport,  where  he  remained  for  one 
year,  when  he  visited  Europe  and  pursued  his  scientific  studies  in 
the  University  of  Heidelberg  and  Munich,  remaining  abroad  about 
two  and  a  half  years. 

His  scholarly  ability  attracted  the  attention  of  the  Trustees  of 
his  Alma  Mater,  and  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Faculty  of 
Dickinson  College,  where  he  remained  to  the  end  of  the  Academic 
year  1876. 

During  his  career  as  an  instructor  Mr.  Fisher  took  up  the 
study  of  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  of  Philadelphia  in  1876. 
He  at  once  opened  a  law  office  here,  and  his  ability  has  been  such 
as  to  rank  him  among  the  foremost  of  the  junior  members  of  the 
Bar  as  an  advocate  and  counsellor. 

He  has  built  up  a  large  practice,  in  the  civil  and  Orphans' 
courts,  and  is  recognized  as  a  thorough  student  who  gives  to  his 
cases  that  preparation  and  study  which  deserves  and  secures  suc- 
cess. 

Mr.  Fisher  is  a  member  of  the  Union  League,  Scotch-Irish  and 
Welsh  Societies  of  the  city  and  of  the  Historical  Society  and 
Franklin  Institute. 

Mr.  Fisher's  office  is  in  the  Drexel  Building. 


DIMNER  BEEBER 

The  subject  of  this  notice,  one  of  the  most  prominent  of  the 
younger  members  of  the  Bar  of  Philadelphia,  was  born  March  S, 
1S54,  in  Muncy,  Lycoming  County,  Pa.,  and  for  the  past  fifteen 
years  has  resided  in  this  city,  where  he  enjoys  a  large  and  lucrative 
law  practice.  He  was  sent  to  the  public  schools  of  his  native  town 
in  boyhood,  and  having  completed  his  preliminary  education  he 


entered  Pennsylvania  College,  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  graduated  in  1874, 
read  law  at  Williamsport,  Pa.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  of 
Lycoming  County  in  1876.  The  same  year  he  wasadmitted  to  prac- 
tice law  in  the  several  courts  of  Philadelphia  County,  where  he  has 
since  been  successfully  engaged  in  his  professionol  career. 

Mr.  Beeber  is  a  lawyer  of  marked  ability,  and  soon  attained 
prominence  in  this  city  among  his  fellow  lawyers.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Pennsylvania  Club  and  of  the  Union  League,  and  in 
social  as  well  as  professional  circles  he  is  held  in  highest  regard  for 
his  worth. 


JAMES  C.  SELLERS 

Is  a  descendant  of  one  of  the  old,  honorable  Quaker  settlers  of 
Delaware  County,  Pennsylvania,  of  the  same  name.  Was  born  in 
South  Orange,  N.  J.,  May  4,  1854,  his  father,  the  late  Dr.  James 
Sellers,  being  an  able  and  distinguished  young  phvsician  of  that 
State.  The  son  was  educated  and  prepared  for  college  at  the  West 
Chester  Academy,  at  West  Chester,  Pa.  He  subsequently  pursued 
his  studies  at  Yale  College,  from  which  he  was  graduated  with  the 
degree  of  A.  B.  with  the  class  of  1874,  with  both  scholastic  and  lit- 
erary honors.  He  began  his  law  studies  in  the  office  of  the  late 
Henry  Wharton,  Esq.,  of  this  city,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  of 
Philadelphia  in  December,  1S76,  since  which  time  he  has  without 
interruption  been  engaged  in  successful  practice  of  his  profession 
in  the  courts  of  Philadelphia  and  Chester  Counties,  Pa.  His  prac- 
tice is  largely  confined  to  commercial  and  corporation  cases. 

Since  1888  Mr.  Sellers  has  been  one  of  the  associate  editors  of 
the  American  Law  Register. 

He  has  always  taken  an  active  part  in  political  affairs  but  has 
never  sought  or  held  any  public  office. 

He  is  president  of  the  Young  Men's  Republican  Club  of  West 
Chester,  where  he  resides,  and  is  also  an  active  and  esteemed  mem- 
ber of  the  Pennsylvania  Club. 

He  is  an  influential  member  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church 
and  has  for  some  years  been  the  Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Diocesan 
Convention.  He  is  a  member  also  of  the  Executive  Board  of  the 
Sunday  School  Association  of  the  Diocese,  a  trustee  of  the  Society 
for  the  Advancement  of  Christianity  in  Pennsylvania  and  a  vestry- 
man of  the  Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity  of  West  Chester,  Pa.,  and 
superintendent  of  the  Sunday-school  of  that  church. 

While  active  and  successful  in  the  pursuit  of  his  profession, 
Mr.  Sellers  has  always  been  able  to  find  sufficient  time  to  devote 
to  his  manifold  church  duties,  and  is  recognized  as  apotent  factor  in 
all  that  tends  to  promote  public  morality  and  the  interests  of  the 
church  in  whose  sen-ice  he  is  earnest  and  indefatigable. 


LEONI  MELICK 


Lconi  Melick,  senior  member  of  Melick  &  Potter,  attorneys  at 
law,  was  born  in  the  village  of  Light  Street,  Columbia  County, 
Pennsylvania,  May  5,  1S51.  His  childhood  days  were  spent  in  the 
usual  way,  but  he  was  a  bright  and  intelligent  lad,  and  made  rapid 
progress  in  the  schools  of  his  native  village,  so  that  when  a  mere 
vouth  he  began  preparing  for  a  collegiate  course  at  the  Bloomsburg 
Literary  Institute,  in  Columbia  County.  By  close  application  to 
his  studies  he  early  became  fitted  for  and  was  admitted  to  Yale  Col- 
lege, graduating  from  that  famous  old  institutiou  of  learning  in  the 
Class  of  '74,  and  in  October  of  the  same  year  he  was  matriculated  at 
the  University  of  Heidelberg,  in  Germany,  one  of  the  most  justly  cel- 
ebrated universities  in  the  world.  Several  months  were  then  spent 
in  travel,  and  being  a  close  and  intelligent  observer  Mr.  Melick 
added  to  his  store  of  knowledge  by  an  experience  he  could  not  obtain 
in  the  class  room.  Some  time  in  December,  1875,  he  became  a 
student  of  law  in  the  office  of  Samuel  C.  Perkins,  Esq.,  than  whom 
no  better  preceptor  could  have  been  selected.  After  two  years'  hard 
study,  in  December,  1S77,  Mr.  Melick  was  admitted  to  the  Philadel- 
phia Bar.  He  did  not  sever  his  connection  with  Mr.  Perkins  then 
and  there  but  continued  in  his  office  until  iSSS,  when  he  became  a 
member  of  the  law  firm  of  Melick  &  Potter,  locating  in  the  Drexel 
Building  on  Chestnut  street,  in  which  they  have  several  large,  com- 
fortably furnished  rooms,  Nos.  620-625.  The  law  practice  of  the 
firm  is  varied,  including  as  it  does  the  several  courts  of  Philadel- 
phia County,  the  Federal  courts  for  the  Eastern  District  of  Penn- 
sylvania and  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  LTnited  States.  They  have 
a  large  clientage  which  was  won  through  hard  and  faithful 
labor  in  the  past,  and  the  success  they  have  attained  is  wholly  mer- 
ited individually.  They  rank  among  the  leading  members  of  the 
Bar  and  as  a  firm  they  form  one  of  the  strongest  "teams"  in  the 
city. 


49 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


CHARLES  WATSON  McKEEHAN 

Mr.  McKeehan  was  born  February  19,  1842,  in  Juniata 
County,  Pennsylvania,  of  Scotch-Irish  parentage.  His  great- 
grandfather, John  McKeehan,  a  Scotch-Irish  Presbyterian,  came  to 
America  in  the  latter  part  of  the  eighteenth  century  and  settled 
near  Carlisle,  Pa.  His  father,  Rev.  Joseph  G.  McKeehan,  seceded 
from  the  church  of  his  fathers  and  become  one  of  the  pioneer  min- 
isters of  the  Methodist  Church  of  Pennsylvania.  Maryland  and  Vir- 
ginia. He  died  at  the  age  of  76  years.  Mr.  McKeehan  received 
his  primary  education  in  the  common  schools  and  academies  of 
Pennsylvania  in  the  various  towns  in  which  his  father  was  stationed 
as  a  minister.  In  1S60  he  went  to  Milton,  Northumberland  County, 
Pa.,  as  Vice-Principal  of  the  Milton  Academy,  one  of  the  noted 
preparatory  schools  of  that  day,  then  under  the  management  of  the 
Rev.  W.  T.  Wiley,  D.  D.  While  teaching  here  he  prepared  for  col- 
lege, and  in  1864  entered  the  Sophomore  class  of  Dickinson  Col- 
lege, at  Carlisle.  While  attending  Dickinson  College  Mr.  McKee- 
han was  also  a  tutor  in  the  Grammar  School  of  the  College,  and 
taught  various  branches  in  the 
Dickinson  Commercial  Col- 
lege, which  occupation  fur- 
nished him  with  all  the  means 
necessary  to  prosecute  his 
studies,  and  he  was  graduated 
in  1867. 

He  taught  a  classical 
school  in  Chambersburg,  Pa., 
from  1869  to  1872,  studying 
law  iu  the  meantime  as  a  pupil 
of  Gen.  Theodore  McGowan, 
of  Chambersburg.  He  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Bar  at  Chambers- 
burg in  1871.  In  July,  1S72, 
he  removed  to  Philadelphia  to 
cuter  upon  the  practice  of  his 
profession  as  an  attorncv-at- 
law.  He  soon  acquired  a  lu- 
crative practice,  and  the  con- 
fidence of  a  wealthy  and  influ- 
ential clientage.  He  is  coun- 
sel for  several  large  corpora- 
tions, and  represents  large 
monicd  interests,  and  is  coun- 
sel for  several  of  the  leading 
charities  of  this  city  as  their 
legal  adviser.  He  has  been 
active  and  efficient  in  organ- 
izing the  Pennsylvania  Scotch- 
Irish  Society,  and  has  been  its 
Secretary  and  Treasurer  ever 
since  its  organization.  For 
many  years  he  has  been  a 
Trustee  of  Dickinson  College, 
his  Alma  Mater.  He  is  a  Re  ■ 
publican  in  politics,  and  a 
member  of  the  Union  League, 
and  the  Historical  Society  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  has  his  of- 
fice iu  the  Drexel  Building. 


made  to  reform  the  City  government.  One  of  the  cases  in  which 
Mr.  Addicks  represented  the  City  resulted  in  establishing  the  doc- 
trine that  Municipal  Ice  Boats  were  entitled  to  salvage  in  Admir- 
alty Courts  for  meritorious  service  on  the  sea  in  saving  a  derelict. 
The  case  is  known  as  "  The  Barque  Arundel."  Another  case  led  to 
the  establishment  of  a  statute  of  limitation  for  land  damages  in  the 
opening  of  streets  and  changing  their  grades.  He  also  took  an  ac- 
tive part  in  drafting  the  Act  of  18S7  regulating  the  condemnation 
of  turnpike  roads  throughout  the  State.  During  this  period  he  fur- 
nished to  a  leading  journal  reviews  of  the  important  decisions  of  the 
Supreme  Court  that  were  notable  for  conciseness  and  accuracy. 
Mr.  Addick's  long  connection  with  the  City  Solicitor's  office  has 
given  him  advantages  of  experience  especially  on  municipal  and 
corporation  cases  that  few  lawyers  in  ordinary  pratice  attain  in  a 
much  longer  period.  He  also  made  a  special  study  of  the  Patent 
Laws  and  at  one  time  thought  of  making  patent  cases  a  specialty. 
For  several  years  he  has  been  one  of  the  counsel  for  the  Baltimore 
and  Ohio  Railroad. 

Mr.  Addicks  is  popular  in  social  circles  as  well  as  in  his  pro- 
fession and  is  a  member  of  the 
Philadelphia  Art  Club  and  the 
Young  Republican  Club.  He 
also  takes  considerable  interest 
in  athletic  sports  and  holds 
membership  in  the  Philadel- 
phia Yacht  Club.  Bachelor's 
Barge  Club  and  the  Merion  and 
Gerinantowu  Cricket  Club. 


Charles  Watson  McKeehan 


WILLIAM  H.  ADDICKS 

A  prominent  member  of  the  junior  Bar,  was  born  in  Philadel- 
phia, March  4,  1S54.  He  is  the  son  of  John  E.  Addicks,  deceased, 
who  was  a  well-known  merchant  in  his  day,  for  sixteen  years  the 
Health  Officer  of  this  port,  one  of  the  original  members  of  the 
Union  League  and  especially  noted  for  his  earnest  and  patriotic 
zeal  in  behalf  of  the  Union  cause  during  the  late  Civil  War. 

William  H.  Addicks  received  a  liberal  education  and  after  be- 
ing fitted  for  college  at  the  Episcopal  Academy  entered  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania  where  he  remained  three  years  and  then 
entered  Princeton  College,  where  he  finished  his  studies  in  1S74. 
Determining  upon  the  law  as  his  profession  he  entered  the  office  of 
George  L.  Crawford,  Esq.,  as  a  student  and  there  remained  until  he 
was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  January,  1S7S.  Shortly  after  his  admis- 
sion he  was  appointed  Assistant  to  the  City  Solicitor  and  held  that 
position  for  more  than  ten  years.  During  this  decade,  especially 
during  the  administration  of  Mayor  King,  many  important  cases 
came  up  for  adjudication,  notably  the  Blockley  Almshouse  cases 
and  others  originating  in  the  determined  efforts  that   were  being 


FRED.  A.  SOBERNHEIMER 

Was  born  on  March  1 1 , 
1857,  in  Roxborough,  now  a 
part  of  the  Twenty-first  Ward 
of  the  City  of  Philadelphia, 
and  he  has  always  resided  in 
that  part  of  the  city. 

He  attended  the  public 
schools,  and  graduated  from 
the  High  School  in  February, 
1875,  and  immediately  entered 
the  law  offices  of  Rand  &  Pat- 
ton.  and  in  1S76  entered  the 
Law  Department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania,  from 
which  he  graduated  in  June, 
1S7.S.  and  was  admitted  to  the 
Bar  on  June  II,  1S7S,  and  sub- 
sequently to  the  Supreme 
Court,  and  the  Bar  of  Mont- 
gomery County. 

He  has  a  large  and   valua- 
ble clientage  among  the  resi- 
dents of  that  part  of  the  city 
known    as    Manayunk,     Rox- 
borough and  German  town,  and 
this  in  addition  to  other  parts 
of  the  citv,  and  he   has  been 
concerned  in  many  important 
suits  and  large  estates.     He  has  the  respect  of  his  fellow  members 
of  the  Bar,  and  is  considered  by  them,  as  well  as  by  his  clients,  an 
honest,  industrious  and  successful  lawyer. 


JAMES  W.  M.  CARDEZA 

Now  probably  the  wealthiest  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar, 
was  born  in  this  citv  September  7,  1S54.  His  father,  James  M. 
Cardcza,  was  a  well  known  officer  in  the  United  States  Navy,  but  at 
the  time  of  his  decease  was  fitting  himself  for  the  legal  profession 
and  was  registered  as  a  student  of  law  in  the  office  of  the  elder 
Wharton.  His  mother  was  of  the  Warburton  family,  well  known 
in  journalistic  circles. 

Mr.  Cardcza  received  a  liberal  education  and  after  being  fitted 
for  college  at  the  Gemiantown  Academy,  entered  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania,  from  which  he  was  graduated  iu  due  course.  He 
then  entered  the  office  of  John  C.  Bullitt,  Esq..  as  a  student  of  law, 
finishing  his  studies  under  E.  Spencer  Miller,  Esq.,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Bar,  October  5,  1S78.  After  his  admission  he  became 
counsel  in  many  of  the  cases  growing  out  of  the  financial  difficulties 
of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad  ;  but  probably  the  most 


PHILADELPHIA  .-LVD  POPULAR  PHLLADELPHLANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


important  case  from  a  legal  standpoint  in  which  he  was  concerned 
was  that  of  Birchall  vs.  The  Third  National  Bank  which  was  the 
first  reported  American  case  in  which  the  English  doctrine  in  re- 
gard to  the  liability  of  banks  for  dishonoring  checks  of  depositors 
having  funds  in  the  bank  sufficient  to  pay  diem  was  adopted.  In 
that  case  (15  W.  N.  C.)  the  refusal  to  pay  was  based  on  the  error  of 
a  clerk  in  adding  up  the  depositor's  account  and  therefore  not  wil- 
ful or  malicious  but  nevertheless  the  Court  held  that  the  plaintiff 
was  entitled  to  substantial  damages,  as  nominal  damages  would  be 
no  vindication  of  his  credit. 

Mr  Cardeza  is  now  a  director  in  the  First  National  Bank  of 
Philadelphia  by  virtue  of  his  being  a  large  holder  of  its  stock  both 
in  his  own  right  and  as  representative  of  the  estate  of  Thomas 
Drake,  deceased,  the  millionaire  manufacturer  of  Germantown, 
whose  only  child  and  heir  he  married.  He  is  a  pleasant  and  court- 
eous gentleman  and  will  no  doubt  wisely  administer  the  great  trust 
that  has  been  committed  to  his  care. 


LUCIUS  H.  WARREN 

General  L.  H.  Warren,  dis- 
tinguished alike  in  the  forum 
and  in  the  field,  of  the  Phil- 
adelphia Bar,  was  born  in 
Charlestown,  Mass.,  on  Octo- 
ber 6,  183S.  He  traces  his  de- 
scent in  the  seventh  genera- 
tion from  John  Warren,  a 
descendant  of  the  Earl  of 
Warren,  who  came  to  America 
with  Sir  Richard  Salstonstall, 
in  Winthrop's  fleet  and  settled 
in  Watertown,  Mass. 

He  is  the  son  of  the  late 
George  Washington  Warren,  a 
distinguished  Judge  in  Massa- 
chusetts, President  of  the  Bun- 
ker Hill  Monument  Associa- 
tion, and  always  prominent  in 
all  public  movements  for  the 
advancement  of  the  interests 
of  Boston. 

His  mother,  nee  Lucy 
Rogers  Newell,  was  lineally 
descended  from  the  martyr 
John  Rogers. 

General  Warren  after  com- 
pleting his  preliminary  studies 
in  the  public  schools  of  his 
native  town,  in  1S56  matricu- 
lated at  Princeton  College,  and 
was  graduated  from  that  time 
honored  institution  in  1S60, 
with  the  degree  of  A.  B.,  re- 
ceiving his  Master's  degree  in 
course,  from  his  Alma  Mater 
in  1863. 

After  finishing  his  classical 
course  he  began  his  law  studies  in  the  Harvard  Law  School,  gradu- 
ating therefrom  and  receiving  the  degree  of  LL.  B.  in  1S62. 

In  July  of  the  year  last  named  he  was  admitted  to  practice  in 
the  Courts  of  Massachusetts,  at  Boston,  and  to  the  Philadelphia 
Bar  in  May,  1879.  He  enlisted  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Regiment, 
Massachusetts  Volunteers,  July  30,  1S62,  and  August  nth  of  the 
same  year  he  was  commissioned  Second  Lieutenant,  and  on  the 
13th  of  the  December  following  he  was  promoted  to  a  First  Lieu- 
tenancy. He  participated  in  the  battles  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  and  was  distinguished  for  his  gallantry  in  the  engagement 
atsecoud  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  and  Chancellorsville, 
and  while  connected  with  the  Army  of  the  James,  took  a  gallant 
part  in  the  siege  of  Petersburg  and  Richqiond.  He  was  commis- 
sioned Major  of  the  Thirty-eighth  United  States  Colored  Troops, 
April  9,  1864,  and  was  promoted  to  Lieutenant-Colonel,  April  12, 
1S66,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  field.  He 
commanded  the  first  colored  troops  that  entered  Richmond  after 
the  evacuation,  and  was  twice  wounded  while  commanding  a 
Brigade.  In  1S66  and  1867  he  was  in  command  of  a  military 
district  in  Texas,  ami  was  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service  in 
March,  1S67.  He  was  commissioned  First  Lieutenant  of  Thirty- 
ninth  United  States  Infantry,  July  2S,  1S66,  and  was  made  a  Captain 
in   the   United  States   Army,  July   31,    1S67.     He   was   brevetted 


Brigadier-General,  United  States  Volunteers,  March  31,  1865, 
and  Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel  LTnited  States  Army,  July  31,  1867, 
for  gallantry  at  Petersburg.  He  was  afterward  Aid-de-Camp  on  the 
staff  of  Brigadier-General  Robert  C.  Buchanan,  commanding  the 
department  of  Louisiana  and  Texas  in  1868  and  1869,  and  Assistant 
Adjutant-General  during  the  reconstruction  period.  He  resigned 
from  the  army  December  15,  1871,  and  began  his  professional 
career,  which  is  as  creditable  to  his  worth  as  his  military  record. 
He  was  successfully  engaged  in  a  large  civil  practice  in  Massa- 
chusetts, and  was  counsel  in  the  settlement  of  the  large  estate  of 
William  F.  Weld,  the  value  of  which  was  f  20,000,000,  the  largest  in 
that  State  ;  removing  to  Philadelphia  in  1879,  he  began  the  practice 
of  his  profession  here,  and  his  success  has  been  great  and  com- 
mensurate with  his  ability. 

He  is  a  ripe  scholar,  an  able  advocate  and  a  safe  counsellor, 
and  in  social  as  well  as  professional  life,  he  is  honored  with  the 
highest  confidence  and  esteem  of  his  wide  circle  of  acquaintances. 

General    Warren    is   a    popular    and    influential     Mason    and 

Knight  Templar,  and  is  a  citizen  of  the  State  in  Schuylkill.     He 

married  October   1,    1868,    the 

daughter   of   Amos   Hollings- 

worth,  of  Milton,  Mass. 


iVTillowsTVoto  Co. 
"PtuCo-oUk, 


Henry  James  Scott 


HENRY  JAMES  SCOTT 

Henry  James  Scott  was 
born  in  Philadelphia,  Mav  21, 
1857.  He  received  a  careful 
education  and  studied  law  at 
the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  was  admitted  to 
the  Bar  on  June  15,  187S.  He 
at  once  engaged  actively  in 
the  practice  of  his  profession, 
and  since  then  he  has  appeared 
in  a  number  of  cases  involving 
large  sums  of  money,  and  the 
consideration  of  constitutional 
and  other  intricate  law  ques- 
tions. He  is  counsel  for  a 
number  of  corporations  and 
large  mercantile  houses  and 
estates.  Mr.  Scott  has  devoted 
himself  exclusively  to  the 
practice  of  law  in  the  civil  and 
Orphans'  courts.  He  is  an 
earnest  worker,  a  forcible 
speaker,  and  has  met  with  de- 
served success  in  the  trial  of 
causes  before  juries.  He  has 
been  a  Republican  in  politics, 
but  has  been  zealously  in  favor 
of  all  proper  reforms  in  the 
party,  and  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  of  One  Hundred, 
worked  hard  and  well  in  the 
cause  of  good  government. 


HENRY  S.  CATTELL 

Henrv  S.  Cattell  was  born  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  October 
3,  1852.  He  received  an  education  at  the  Academy  of  the  Protest- 
ant Episcopal  Church,  corner  Juniper  and  Locust  streets  in  thiscitv, 
where  he  was  prepared  for  college,  and  from  which  he  graduated  in 
1868.  At  his  father's  solicitation  he  did  not  go  to  college,  but  con- 
nected himself  with  the  firm  of  which  his  father  was  then  a  mem- 
ber, and  entered  upon  a  commercial  career,  and  he  remained  in 
business  eight  years,  receiving  a  thorough  business  training,  and 
pursued  his  studies  at  home  in  the  evenings.  Registered  as  a  stu- 
dent at  law  in  the  office  of  J.  Cooke  Longstreth,  Esq.,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Bar,  May  24,  1S79. 

His  practice  has  been  largely  in  commercial  cases,  and  settle- 
ment of  estates,  in  which  his  previous  business  training  proved  to 
be  of  great  value  to  himself  and  to  his  clients. 

He  is  a  Presbvterian  in  faith  and  one  of  the  members  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Second  Presbyterian  Church,  of  which  his 
ancestors  were  among  the  founders  in  1743,  and  with  which  his 
family  have  ever  since  been  connected.  In  politics  he  has  always 
been  a  staunch  Republican.     His  office  is  at  723  Walnut  street. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA/IS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


FRANCIS  SHUNK  BROWN 

Francis  Shunk  Brown  is  a  native  Philatlclphian,  having  been 
born  in  this  city  June  9,  1S5S.  His  father  was  Charles  Brown,  who 
represented  Philadelphia  in  Congress  for  several  years,  and  who 
was  Collector  of  the  Port  of  this  city  under  President  Pierce.  His 
grandfather  was  Francis  R.  Shunk,  one  of  Pennsylvania's  gov- 
ernors. Mr.  Brown  was  afforded  every  educational  advantage,  and 
after  a  thorough  training  in  our  public  schools,  began  the  study  of 
law  under  Hon.  Funnan  Sheppard,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Phila- 
delphia Bar,  June  7,  1S79,  two  days  before  he  had  attained  his  ma- 
jority. He  is  also  a  graduate  of  the  Law  Department  of  the  Uni- 
versitv  of  Pennsylvania,  and  also  passed  the  County  Board  for  ad- 
mission to  the  Bar.  Mr.  Brown's  practice  includes  all  branches  of 
the  law.  He  is  counsel  for  Snow,  Church  &  Co. ,  which  has  specially 
qualified  him  in  mercantile  law.  But  Mr.  Brown  is  thoroughly 
adapted  to  all  the  branches  of  his  profession,  and  it  is  no  exagger- 
ation to  say  that  he  has  as  large  and  lucrative  practice  as  any  of  the 
the  young  members  of  the  Bar.  He  has  plead  a  number  of  import- 
ant cases  and  has  been  singu- 
larlv  fortunate  in  winning  most 
of  them.  He  is  an  able  expo- 
nent of  Blackstone,  a  fluent 
speaker,  having  an  easy,  grace- 
ful delivery,  which  is  alike 
impressive  to  judge,  jury  and 
witnesses.  He  is  quick  to 
perceive  a  point  and  as  quick 
to  grasp  it  and  use  it  to  the 
advantage  of  his  case.  In  poli- 
tics Mr.  Brown  is  a  Democrat, 
but  his  love  for  his  profession 
has  more  than  overcome  any 
desire  for  political  honors.  He 
served  for  a  short  time  as 
School  Director  from  the  Ninth 
Ward,  from  which  he  resigned, 
and  has  since  refused  on  sev- 
eral occasions  nominations  for 
the  same  office.  He  was  of- 
fered the  nomination  for  Dis- 
trict Attorney  at  the  last  elec- 
tion, but  declined,  as  he  did 
also  the  nomination  for  Clerk 
of  Quarter  Sessions,  which  was 
otfered  immediately  after- 
wards. He  was  nominated 
without  his  consent  for  Select 
Council,  but  declined  to  be 
the  candidate.  It  was  not  the 
fear  of  defeat  that  caused  him 
to  refuse  these  several  offers, 
but  he  felt  that  by  accepting 
them  he  could  not,  if  elected, 
give  the  attention  the  posi- 
tions deserved  and  at  the  same 
time  do  justice  to  his  large  and 
constantly  increasing  practice. 


advancement  in  his  profession.  He  has  appeared  in  a  number  of  most 
important  cases  with  great  credit  to  himself,  but  it  is  as  a  confiden- 
tial adviser  in  matters  involving  large  property  interest  in  which 
his  judgment  has  been  appealed  to,  that  he  has  achieved  the  most 
marked  success.  He  has  not  had  to  wait  for  years  to  obtain  a  pav- 
ing practice,  for  almost  from  the  beginning  he  has  been  favored 
with  a  fair  share  of  fees  and  he  is  now  enjoving  a  most  lucrative 
practice  and  is  one  of  the  young  lawvers  who  are  alwavs  busv  and 
profitably  so.  Mr.  Kcator  was  admitted  to  the  United  States  Su- 
preme Court  in  1890. 

In  whatever  capacity  he  has  appeared  the  same  reliable  and 
thorough  qualities  have  brought  Mr.  Keator  into  prominence.  It 
was  while  he  was  Master  of  Harmonv  Lodge  No.  52,  F.  &  A.  M.  in 
1S90,  that  he  made  his  address  presenting  the  portrait  of  Past  Grand 
Master  Conrad  B.  Day  to  the  Masonic  Temple — an  effort  that  was 
complimented  in  the  highest  terms  by  all  who  heard    it. 

A  Republican  in  politics  he  has  been  active  in  shaping  events 

though  steadfastly  refusing  political  preferment.   He  was  one  of  the 

original  members   of  the  Young   Republican  Club  and   a  Charter 

member  of  the  Pennsylvania 

Club. 

In  all  the  Vale  re-unions 
and  many  similar  social  affairs 
he  has  taken  an  active  part  and 
was  one  of  the  originators  of 
the  University  Club. 

Mr.  Keator  is  a  Methodist 
and  was  chiefly  instrumental 
in  building  the  beautiful 
church  of  St.  Matthews  at 
Fifty-third  and  Chestnut  sts., 
of  which  he  is  one  of  the 
trustees. 


John  Frisbee  Keator 


JOHN  FRISBEE  KEATOR 


Of  the  members  of  thetPhiladelphia  junior  Bar  few  are  more 
widely  known  or  held  in  higher  esteem  than  John  Frisbee  Keator, 
241  South  Fifth  Street,  who  was  born  in  Roxbury,  Delaware 
County,  New  York,  a  beautiful  village  in  the  Catskills,  in  1S50. 

It  is  also  the  birth-place  of  Jay  Gould,  his  cousin,  (the  relation- 
ship being  on  their  mother's  side)  and  at  the  re-union  of  the  More 
family  when  a  thousand  descendants  of  John  More,  the  Scotch  pi- 
oneer and  patriot,  unveiled  a  handsome  monument  to  his  memory 
at  Roxbury,  Mr.  Kcator  was  selected  as  one  of  the  orators  of  the  oc- 
casion. 

He  was  fitted  for  college  at  Williston  Seminary,  Easthampton, 
Mass.,  and  entered  Yale  where  he  graduated  in  the  Class  of  1S77 
with  the  degree  of  B.  A.  His  future  course  appeared  to  be  mapped 
out  for  him,  for  he  took  the  first  prize  in  oratory  in  Williston  Sem- 
inary in  1S72  and  in  Yale  in  1S74. 

As  a  writer  Mr.  Keator  showed  ability  also,  and  from  1S74  until 
1877  he  was  Editor  of  the  Yale  Courant  and  in  1S79  received  the 
degree  of  LL.  B.,  from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania. 

From  the  time  Mr.  Keator  was  admitted  to  the  Philadelphia 
Bar  in  1S79  until  the  present  his  career  has  been  one  of  continuous 


HARRY  SHELMIRE 
HOPPER 

Was  born  ill  Philadelphia 
on  June  13,  1858.  His  parents 
and  grand-parents  were  all 
residents  of  the  city,  and  his 
early  ancestors,  some  of  whom 
were  Quakers,  can  lie  traced 
for  several  generations  and 
originally  came  from  England. 
He  is  a  sou  of  Prof.  Zephaniah 
Hopper,  who  has  long  been 
connected  with  the  public 
school  system  of  Philadelphia, 
and  Ann  Elizabeth  Hopper,  his 
wife.  The  subject  of  this 
sketch  was  educated  mainly  in 
the  public  schools  of  Philadel- 
phia, having  attended  the  Wy- 
oming Grammar  School  and 
the  Central  High  School.  From 
the  latter  institution  he  gradu- 
ated in  June,  1875,  and  re- 
ceived the  degree  of  Bachelor 
of  Arts  and  in  June,  18S0,  he  received  the  degree  of  Master 
of  Arts. 

In  November,  1S75,  he  commenced  the  study  of  law  in  the 
office  of  Joseph  R.  Rhoads,  Esq.,  and  in  October,  1S76,  entered  the 
Law  School  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  from  which  he  grad- 
uated in  June,  187S,  receiving  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Laws.  In 
June,  1879,  he  was  admitted  to  practice  at  the  Bar  of  the  Courts  of 
Common  Pleas  and  Orphans'  Court  of  Philadelphia  County.  Sub- 
sequently- he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Pennsylvania  and  of  the  United  States  courts  of  the  district.  Since 
his  admission  to  the  Bar  he  has  been  in  continuous  active  practice, 
principally  in  the  civil  courts  and  in  the  management  of  real 
estate. 

Mr.  Hopper  takes  a  deep  interest  in  all  educational  matters. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the  Associated  Alumni 
of  the  Central  High  School  and  was  a  member  of  the  committee 
(and  acted  as  its  Secretary)  in  charge  of  the  celebration  of  the  semi- 
centennial of  the  school  in  1SS8.  He  has  recently  edited  a  cata- 
logue of  all  the  students  of  the  same  institution,  extending  over  a 
period  of  fifty  years  and  containing  over  12,000  names.  Mr.  Hop- 
per is  a  Republican  in  politics,  but  while  taking  an  earnest  interest 
iii  public  affairs  has  always  declined  active  participation  in  political 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


work.      In   1SS1   he  became  a  member  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church. 

In  December,  iSSS,  Mr.  Hopper  married  Laura  A.  Fetter,  a 
granddaughter  of  Tillinghast  King  Collins,  who  was  the  founder  of 
the  famous  Collins  Printing  House  on  Jayne  Street,  above  Seventh, 
a  man  of  prominence  among  the  citizens  of  Philadelphia  and  the 
records  of  whose  ancestry  extend  back  to  Colonial  times  and  to 
Wales  and  Ireland. 


versity.  He  married  the  daughter  of  George  Park  Fisher,  Esq., 
historian  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania.  His  office  is  at  208 
South  Fifth  street. 


HENRY  LAUSSAT  GEYELIN 

An  ex- President  of  the  Law  Academy,  was  born  in  Philadel- 
phia, July  15,  1S57.  He  is  a  son  of  Emilie  C.  Geyelin,  an  engineer 
and  constructor  of  the  Philadelphia  water  works  at  Fairmount,  and 
a  grandson  of  Antony  Laussat,  who  achieved  the  remarkable  dis- 
tinction of  having  written,  while  a  student  of  law  and  not  of  age, 
an  "Essay  on  Equity  in  Pennsylvania,"  which  received  the  com- 
mendation of  such  able  lawyers  as  Chief  Justice  Marshall,  ex-Chan- 
cellor Kent  and  Judge  Shars- 
wood.  It  is  said  that  Lord 
Brougham  in  discussing  equity 
reform  in  this  country  asked 
an  American  lawyer  if  it  were 
really  true  that  the  essay  had 
been  written  by  a  law  student, 
and  being  assured  that  it  was, 
remarked,  "  If  your  law  stu- 
dents produce  such  masterly 
treatises,  your  lawyers  must  be 
men  of  unusual  learning." 

Mr.  Geyelin  after  receiv- 
ing a  liberal  education  at  the 
Episcopal  Academy  in  Phila- 
delphia, entered  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania,  from 
which  he  was  graduated  in 
1S77  with  the  degree  of  B.  A. 
During  his  collegiate  career  he 
won  several  inter-collegiate 
prizes  in  athletics,  and  was  one 
of  the  founders  and  President 
of  the  Athletic  Association. 
Since  his  graduation  he  has 
maintained  a  lively  interest  in 
the  affairs  of  the  University, 
is  active  in  all  the  Alumni 
Associations  and  has  been  a 
member  since  its  formation  of 
the  Central  Committee  of  the 
Alumni.  After  his  graduation 
he  entered  the  office  of  E- 
Coppee  Mitchell,  Esq.,  as  a 
student  of  law  and  attended 
the  lectures  of  the  Law  De- 
partment of  the  University, 
receiving  the  degree  of  LL.  B. 
He  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  on 
June  14,  1S79,  and  for  seven 
years  was  associated  with  Mr. 
Mitchell  in  the  practice  of  the  law.  He  at  an  early  period  took  an 
active  interest  in  the  Law  Academy,  was  its  Treasurer  in  1S79,  its 
Vice-President  in  1SS1,  and  its  President  in  1SS3.  He  is  now  a 
member  of  the  Junior  Legal  Club  and  Secretary  of  the  Society  of 
the  Alumni  of  the  Law  Department  of  the  University.  He  is  also 
Treasurer  of  the  "Lincoln  Institution"  and  Educational  Home,  as 
well  as  counsel  for  the  Lincoln  Institution.  He  is  allied  by  mar- 
riage with  the  Rawles,  having  married  a  daughter  of  Hon.  Henry 
Rawle,  ex-State  Treasurer  of  Pennsylvania. 


JAMES  BAYARD  HENRY 

Is  a  son  of  T.  C.  Henry,  Esq.,  who  for  many  years  was  a  well 
known  citizen  of  Germantown,  and  was  born  there  in  1857.  He 
received  his  education  at  Rugby  Academy  and  graduated  at  Prince- 
ton College.  He  studied  law  in  the  office  of  Geo.  Larkins,  Esq., 
and  was  admitted  to  the  Philadelphia  Bar  in  1879.  As  a  member  of 
the  junior  Bar  Mr.  Henry  is  highly  esteemed  and  commands  a  fine 
clientage,  his  practice  being  generally  in  the  Orphans'  Court  and  in 
corporation  matters.  He  is  largely  interested  in  trust  and  rail- 
road company's  matters,  and  in  connection  with  his  brother,  Mr. 
Chas.  W.  Henry  is  largely  interested  in  real  estate  transactions  in 
various  parts  of  the  city.  He  is  a  Director  of  the  Philadelphia  & 
Erie  R.  R.  Co.,  the  Nesquehoning  Valley  R.  R.  Co.,  and  Presi- 
dent of  the  Johnsonburg  R.  R.  Co.,  and  member  of  the  Penn  and 
Rittcnhouse  Clubs.  His  office 
is  in  the  Drexel  Building. 


Theodore  M.  Etting 


GEORGE  WHARTON  PEPPER 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia  in  1S67.  He  is  the  son  of  Dr.  Geo. 
Pepper,  and  a  graduate  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  both  in 
the  College  and  Law  School.  He  studied  law  in  the  office  of  Geo. 
W.  Biddle  and  H.  G.  Ward,  Esqs.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in 
1SS9,  and  now  practices  in  the  various  courts  of  the  city.  He  holds 
a  fellowship  in  the  Law  Department  of  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  annually  delivers  a  course  of  lectures  to  the  students,  on 
pleadings  in  branches  of  Common  Law,  and  takes  an  active  interest 
in   all  matters  pertaining  to  the  social  advancement  of  the  Uni- 


THEODORE  M.  ETTING 

A  prominent  admiralty 
lawyer  and  member  of  Select 
Council,  was  born  in  Philadel- 
phia, May  25,  1S46.  He  is  the 
son  of  Edward  J.  Etting,  a 
well-known  merchant  of  Phil- 
adelphia, who  secured  for  him 
an  excellent  education  in  pri- 
vate schools,  and  at  the  proper 
age  placed  him  in  the  United 
States  Naval  Academy  at  An- 
napolis, where  he  was  a  student 
during  the  Civil  War.  After 
graduating  he  entered  the  navy 
as  Lieutenant  and  served  as 
such  until  July,  1877,  when  he 
resigned.  Previous  to  his 
resignation  he  commenced  the 
study  of  the  law  in  the  office 
of  Henry  R.  Edmunds,  Esq., 
a  noted  admiralty  lawyer,  and 
attended  lectures  in  the  Law 
School  of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania.  In  June,  1S7S, 
he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar, 
and  having  secured  at  an  earls- 
period  an  opportunity  to  dem- 
onstrate his  ability  and  knowl- 
edge, especially  of  shipping, 
admiralty  and  corporation  law, 
he  has  had  many  important 
cases  entrusted  to  his  care  and 
has  been  very  successful  in 
guarding  the  interests  of  his 
clients.  He  has  also  contrib- 
uted to  magazines  numerous  articles  on  shipping  and  admiralty, 
and  is  the  author  of  a  valuable  work  on  "Admiralty  Jurisdiction." 
In  February,  1S85,  Mr.  Etting  was  elected  the  representative 
in  Select  Council  of  the  Eighth  Ward,  and  that  his  course  in  Coun- 
cil has  met  the  approval  of  his  constituents  is  demonstrated  by  the 
fact  that  they  have  successively  re-elected  him,  and  he  is  now  serv- 
ing his  third  term.  He  has  served  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Law  and  has  taken  an  active  interest  in  securing  to  the  city 
facilities  for  rapid  transit.  He  favored  the  entrance  into  the  city  of 
the  Baltimore  &  Ohio  Railroad,  the  construction  of  the  Reading 
Terminal,  the  Belt  Line  and  Market  Street  Elevated,  and  was 
Chairman  of  some  of  the  committees  that  reported  bills  in  their 
favor. 

Mr.  Etting  is  a  member  of  the  Rittenhouse  Club,  G.  A.  R., 
Meade  Post,  Loyal  Legion,  and  the  Sons  of  the  Revolution. 


MATTHEW  DITTMAN 

Mr.  Dittman  is  the  sou  of  the  late  Frederick  Dittman,  an  emi- 
nent attorney  of  this  city,  who  died  in  1876.  Was  born  here  in 
1S57  and  was'educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Philadelphia. 


53 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


He  pursued  a  course  of  law  studies  under  the  direction  of 
Charles  Davis,  Esq.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  of  Philadelphia 
Countv  in  1SS0.  Since  his  admission  to  practice  Mr.  Dittmau  has 
been  actively  and  successfully  engaged  in  professional  work,  prin- 
cipally in  the  line  of  commercial  law  and  Orphans'  Court  practice, 
and  he  is  accounted  one  of  the  most  successful  of  the  members  of 
the  junior  Bar. 

He  is  a  Democrat  of  the  old  school  and  an  active  worker  in 
political  struggles,  doing  effective  work  on  the  stump  and  in  the 
councils  of  his  party.  He  represented  his  ward  in  Select  Council 
but  has  steadily  refused  political  positions  which  have  been  fre- 
quently tendered  him,  and  even  when  the  nomination  was  the 
equivalent  to  an  election  to  an  important  office  he  persistently  re- 
fused to  become  the  nominee  of  his  party,  residing  as  he  does  in 
one  of  the  strongest  Democratic  wards  in  Philadelphia. 

Mr.  Dittman  is  also  prominent  and  influential  in  social  life. 
He  is  an  active  and  honored  member  of  the  I.  O.  O.  F.  and  of 
almost  every  German-American  society  of  the  city.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Law  Committee  for  the  relief  of  destitute  Germans  and 
gives  his  time  and  his  talents 
to  charitable  work,  in  which 
he  is  thoroughly  interested  and 
energetic. 

Mr.  Dittman  is  eminently 
a  man  of  the  people  and  has 
drawn  to  himself  a  host  of 
warm  personal  friends,  and  his 
earnestness  and  ability  in  the 
championship  of  what  he  be- 
lieves to  be  right,  in  the  courts 
and  on  the  stump,  is  recog- 
nized by  all  who  have  any 
knowledge  of  the  man. 

His  professional  success  is 
due  to  his  personal  worth  and 
energy  anil  he  has  built  up  a 
large  ami  lucrative  practice, 
and  is  held  in  general  esteem 
and  high  regard  in  profession- 
al, political  and  private  life. 


Joseph  M.  Gazz 


D.STUART  ROBINSON 

Among  the  members  of 
the  junior  Bar  of  Philadelphia 
who  have  attained  prominence 
in  their  profession,  D.  Stuart 
Robinson  may  well  be  named. 
He  was  born  in  this  city,  Feb- 
ruary 26,  1S59,  and  inherited 
from  his  father,  John  Robin- 
son, Esq.,  an  able  attorney  in 
this  city  who  had  long  enjoyed 
a  large  and  lucrative  practice, 
that  legal  talent  and  studious 
habits  which  in  almost  any 
field  of  labor  bring  deserved 
success. 

Mr.  Robinson  was  educated  in  the  Public  and  High  Schools 
of  this  city  and  began  a  course  of  law  studies  in  the  office  of 
that  eminent  lawyer  and  jurist,  Hon.  F.  Carroll  Brewster.  He 
was  admitted  to  practice  law  in  the  several  courts  of  Phila- 
delphia county,  March  6,  1S80,  and  soon  gave  promise  of  a  career 
of  usefulness  and  success. 

Mr.  Robinson's  practice  extends  to  all  the  courts  of  this  city 
and  State,  but  he  is  specially  concerned  as  counsel  in  the  settlement 
and  distribution  of  estates  in  the  Orphans'  Court. 

In  the  weighty  matters  in  which  he  is  constantly  engaged  he 
has  always  evidenced  that  careful  study  and  thorough  understanding 
of  the  intricacies  involved  in  the  interpretations  of  wills  and  the 
disposition  of  decedents'  estates,  which  mark  him  a  safe  counsellor 
and  in  the  argument  of  disputed  questions  he  is  universally  recog- 
nized as  an  advocate  of  unquestioned  ability. 

He  is  a  valued  member  of  several  social  organizations,  and 
in  society,  as  in  professional  circles,  he  is  held  in  high  esteem 
for  his  worth. 

His  offices  in  the  Drexel  Building  are  desirably  located  and  his 
close  application  to  business  ami  his  legal  attainments  give  promise 
of  a  successful  career  of  usefulness  in  his  profession. 


THOMAS   A.  FAHY 

Was  born  January  17,  1S37,  in  Eastport,  Maine.  He  came  to 
Philadelphia  with  his  parents  when  he  was  four  years  of  age,  and 
was  sent  to  the  public  schools  of  this  city  by  them  until  they 
died,  when  he  was  between  ten  and  eleven  years  of  age.  He  was 
then  obliged  to  earn  his  own  living  among  strangers.  He  served 
an  apprenticeship  at  a  mechanical  trade,  worked  at  it,  and  carried 
it  on  for  a  number  of  years  ;  was  a  School  Director  in  the  Eleventh 
Ward  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia  for  about  sixteen  vears,  during 
four  of  which  he  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Education.  In 
1875  he  was  elected  one  of  the  City  Commissioners  of  Philadelphia 
and  then  resigned  his  seat  as  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Education, 
he  still  having  two  years  to  serve.  When  qualified  as  a  City  Com- 
missioner he  commenced  to  study  law  ;  took  a  full  course  at  the 
Law  School  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  graduated  there- 
from and  was  admitted  as  a  member  of  the  Bar  on  June  16,  1880. 
He  immediately  began  an  active  practice,  having  tried  some  very 
important  and  notable  cases,  civil  and  criminal, as  well  as  in  equity, 
in  the  courts  of  Philadelphia, 
and  frequently  argued  cases  in 
the  Supreme  Court.  He  is 
constantly  engaged  in  civil 
and  criminal  practice,  having 
his  office  at  present  at  130 
South  Sixth  street,  in  close 
proximity  to  all  the  courts. 

While  Mr.  Fahv  was  learn- 
ing his  trade  and  subsequently 
working  at  it  he  was  engaged 
day  and  night,  whenever  the 
opportunity  offered,  in  hard 
and  constant  study  in  the  ac- 
quiring of  an  education  that 
would  fit  him  for  the  profes- 
sion that  was  always  upper- 
most in  his  mind -the  legal 
profession.  The  result  is  that 
he  possesses  a  good  education, 
both  as  relates  to  his  profes- 
sion and  to  the  world  at  large. 
He  is  thoroughly  a  self-made 
man. 


JOSEPH  M.  GAZZAM 

Joseph  M.  Gazzaui,  son  of 
Dr.  Edward  D.  Gazzam  and 
Elizabeth  Antoinette  de  Bee- 
len,  was  born  in  Pittsburgh, 
December  2.  1842.  He  is  a 
lawyer  and  business  man  of 
marked  ability  and  an  ex-Sen- 
ator of  Pennsylvania  with  a 
most  honorable  record. 

Win.  Gazzam,  his  grand- 
father, was  an  English  jour- 
nalist of  the  liberal  school,  who 
through  frequent  public  ex- 
pressions favoring  the  cause  of  the  American  colonies  offended 
King  George  III,  and  in  consequence  was  compelled  to  seek  refuge 
among  the  people  whose  rights  he  had  espoused.  He  settled  in 
Philadelphia,  engaging  ill  mercantile  pursuits.  Through  the  loss 
of  several  ships  seized  bv  French  privateers  the  firm  of  Gazzam, 
Jones  &  Taylor  abandoned  business  in  Philadelphia  and  transferred 
all  their  interest  to  a  branch  store  previously  established  at  Carlisle, 
Pa.  In  1S02  the  partnership  was  dissolved  and  William  Gazzam 
moved  to  Pittsburgh,  having  been  appointed  the  first  Collector  of 
the  Port  by  President  Madison.  He  was  also  appointed  a  Magis- 
trate, an  office  at  that  time  of  importance  and  dignity.  He  was 
twice  married  and  died  in  Pittsburgh  in  1S11,  leaving  several 
children. 

His  fourth  son,  Edward  D.  Gazzam,  became  eminent  as  a 
phvsician,  lawyer,  and  subsequently  as  an  important  factor  in 
Pennsvlvania  politics.  In  1848,  with  Salmon  P.  Chase  and  others, 
he  assisted  in  founding  the  Free  Soil  party  in  the  memorable  con- 
vention at  Buffalo,  and  was  their  candidate  for  Governor  of  Penn- 
sylvania. He  was  defeated  by  William  F.  Johnson,  Whig.  In  1S55 
he  was  the  Free  Soil  candidate  for  the  State  Senate,  but  was  again 
defeated.  The  next  year,  however,  as  the  candidate  of  the  Union 
Republican  party  he  was  elected  by  about  1000  majority.     Until  his 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


death  in  1S7S  Dr.  Gazzatn  wielded  considerable  influence,  being  a 
man  of  rare  intellectual  attainments. 

Mr.  Gazzam's  maternal  ancestry  is  also  distinguished.  Imme- 
diately after  peace  between  the  United  States  and  Great  Britain 
Emperor  Joseph  II  of  Austria  sent  to  the  new  republic  as  the  Resi- 
dent Minister,  Baron  Antoine  de  Beelen  de  Berthoff,  who  was  accom- 
panied by  his  wife  and  their  only  son,  Constantinc  Antoine.  The 
Baron  was  Minister  from  1783  to  17S7.  Prevented  from  returning 
home  by  political  troubles  and  the  seizure  of  his  estates  bv  the 
Government,  he  settled  in  Lancaster  County.  The  son  settled  in 
Pittsburgh  and  married  Elizabeth  Antoinette  Murphv,  whose 
mother  was  the  daughter  of  an  Irish  nobleman.  Several  children 
were  bom.  Of  them,  Mary  became  the  wife  of  Dr.  Simpson,  of 
Pittsburgh,  and  was  the  mother  of  the  wife  of  the  late  Benjamin 
Rush,  Esq.,  of  Philadelphia.  The  other  daughter,  Elizabeth  Antoi- 
nette, married  Dr.  E.  D.  Gazzam. 

Joseph  M.  Gazzam  as  a  child  was  delicate  and  not  until  his 
fourteenth  year  did  his  father  deem  it  advisable  that  he  should  at- 
tend school.  He  then  entered  the  Western  University,  remaining 
for  three  and  a  half  years, 
when  ill  health  again  retarded 
his  studies.  An  extended  trip 
through  the  Western  States, 
however,  greatly  benefited  him 
and  he  returned  to  Pittsburgh 
to  begin  the  study  of  law  in 
the  office  of  David  Reed,  Esq. 
At  the  age  of  twenty-one  he 
was  admitted  to  practice  at  the 
Allegheny  County  Bar;  in  1867 
he  was  admitted  to  the  Su- 
preme Court  of  Pennsylvania; 
in  1869  to  the  Circuit  and  Dis- 
trict Courts  of  the  United 
States,  and  in  1870  he  was  ac- 
corded the  distinction  of  being 
among  the  youngest  attorneys 
ever  admitted  to  practice  in 
the  Supreme  Court  of  the  Uni- 
ted States.  At  this  time  he 
was  also  a  director  for  Pennsyl- 
vania in  the  United  States 
Law  Association. 

In  1S72  he  entered  into  a 
law  partnership  with  Hon. 
Alexander  G.  Cochran.  The 
firm  continued  until  1879, 
when  it  was  dissolved,  owing 
to  Mr.  Cochran's  removal  to 
St.  Louis. 

Surrounded  as  he  ever  was 
by  traditions  of  state-craft,  Mr. 
Gazzam  early  developed  a 
fondness  for  the  political  are- 
na. In  1869  he  was  elected  to 
represent  the  First  Ward  in  the 
Common  Council  of  Pitts- 
burgh. In  1S76  he  became  by 
acclamation  of  the  nominating 
convention      the     Republican 

candidate  for  the  Forty-third  Senatorial  District  and  was  elected  by 
a  large  majority. 

As  a  member  of  the  Senate  Mr.  Gazzam  quickly  took  rank  as 
a  man  of  ability  and  character.  .Owing  to  his  courtesy  and  frank- 
ness he  had  many  of  the  warmest  friends  among  his  political  adver- 
saries. Fair  minded,  vet  tenacious ;  pacific,  yet  thoroughly 
equipped  for  debate,  he  formed  his  opinions  on  public  measures 
with  deliberation  and  candor  and  defended  them  with  courage  and 
skill.  He  was  a  zealous  worker  for  Republican  principles  but 
quite  independent  of  ''machine  control."  At  the  expiratiou  of  his 
term  he  was  a  recognized  leader  of  his  party  and  a  gentleman  of 
concedeil  manhood  in  the  true  sense  of  the  term. 

In  1878  he  married  Miss  Mary  Anna,  only  daughter  of  the  late 
John  G.  Reading,  who  was  a  great-grandson  of  Hon.  John  Read- 
ing, a  distinguished  colonial  Governor  of  New  Jersey.  In  Novem- 
ber, 1S79,  Mr.  Gazzam  removed  to  Philadelphia  and  opened  a  law 
office,  but  he  has  been  compelled  to  relinquish  much  of  his  practice, 
owing  to  the  many  duties  entailed  by  the  numerous  enterprises  he 
is  connected  with.  He  was  one  of  the  projectors  (in  ]SS2,I  of  the 
Beech  Creek,  Clearfield  &  Southwestern  Railroad,  now  known  as 
the  Beech  Creek  Railroad.  This  railroad  begins  at  Jersey  Shore 
and  has  its  terminus  in  the  thriving  borough  of  Gazzam.     Besides 


being  a  director  in  this  company  he  is  the  President  of  the  Cale- 
donia Coal  Company  and  of  the  Williamsport  Gas  Company,  Presi- 
dent of  the  Wilkesbarre  &  Western  Railway,  President  Kenil- 
worth  Land  Company,  Vice-President  Quaker  City  National  Bank, 
of  the  Bloomington  Coal  and  Coke  Company,  Etowah  Iron  Com- 
pany, and  of  the  Dent's  Run  Coal  Company ;  also  a  director  in  the 
United  Security  Life  Insurance  and  Trust  Company,  Spring  Gar- 
den Insurance  Company,  the  Poplar  Creek  and  New  River  Mining 
Companies,  People's  Passenger  Railway  Company,  besides  holding 
similar  positions  in  eight  other  companies. 

Despite  great  business  interests  Mr.  Gazzam's  methodical  hab- 
its have  enabled  him  to  devote  considerable  attention  to  literature 
and  like  pursuits.  He  is  President  of  the  Pennsylvania  Club,  a 
life  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  Historical  Society,  the  Fairmount 
Park  Art  Association  and  the  Horticultural  Society ;  also  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Union  League,  the  Medical  Jurisprudence  Societv,  Amer- 
ican Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  University  Archaeo- 
logical Association,  Manhattan  Athletic  Club,  New  York,  and  at 
present  a  member  at  large  of  the  Republican  State  Central  Com- 
mittee. 


JOSEPH  P.  McCULLEN 

Was  born  in  the  City  of 
Philadelphia  Februarv  7,  1S61. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools,  read  law  in  the  offices 
of  George  H.  Earle  and  Rich- 
ard P.  White,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Bar  in  1S82. 

For  two  years  after  his 
admission  to  the  Bar  he  re- 
mained with  his  preceptors  as 
their  chief  assistant,  and  aided 
largely  in  the  successful  con- 
duct of  the  important  litiga- 
tion entrusted  to  that  office, 
and  particularly  in  exposing 
the  frauds  in  the  Almshouse 
management,  and  in  the  prose- 
cution of  the  violators  of  the 
election  laws. 

In  July,  1SS4,  he  became 
the  law  partner  of  the  late 
Senator  Joseph  P.  Kennedv, 
which  relation  continued  until 
the  latter's  death  in  June, 
1886.  When  leaving  his  pre- 
ceptors both  Mr.  Earle  and  Mr. 
White  wrote  of  him  in  high 
terms  of  praise  for  his  energy, 
honesty  an  1  ability,  and  of  the 
esteem  in  which  they  held  him. 
The  good  opinion  entertained 
of  Mr.  McCullen  by  his  pre- 
ceptors is  shared  by  his  fellow- 
members  of  the  Bar,  and  there 
are  few  young  men  who  stand 
higher  in  their  esteem. 
In  Ward's  Estate,  argued  shortly  after  his  admission  to  the  Bar, 
(reported  in  16  Philadelphia  Reports  of  Cases,  page  258,  and  13 
Weekly  Notes  of  Cases,  page  282)  Judge  Clement  B.  Penrose  of  the 
Orphans'  Court,  in  referring  to  Mr.  McCullen,  (the  opposing 
counsel  being  the  late  Hon.  Win.  Henry  Rawle)  thus  expressed 
himself  in  speaking  for  the  Court;  "The  unusually  able  argument 
urged  in  support  of  the  exceptants,  ami  the  learning  and  skill  with 
which  the  case  has  been  conducted  by  their  counsel,  (Mr.  McCullen) 
by  whom  we  have  been  most  favorably  impressed." 

Mr.  McCullen  has  surrounded  himself  with  a  very  large  and 
influential  clientage,  and  his  success  ranks  him  among  the  fore- 
most members  of  the  junior  Bar. 

At  the  great  banquet  given  on  Jackson's  Day,  1S91,  at  the 
Acadeniv  of  Music  by  the  Young  Men's  Democratic  Association, 
Mr.  McCullen  was  the  only  local  speaker,  he  being  chosen  by 
common  consent  as  the  most  fitting  young  man  of  his  party  to 
respond  to  the  toast  of  "  Young  Democracy,"  in  the  presence  of  its 
great  leaders.  The  other  orators  were  ex-President  Cleveland, 
ex-Secretarv  Bavard,  Governor  Pattison,  and  Congressmen  Russell 
and  Breckenridge.  Mr.  McCullen's  address  was  received  with  en- 
thusiasm, and  the  press  of  the  city  was  unanimous  in  his  praise.  It 
might  be  said  that  it  typified  his  character — it  was  able  and  modest. 


55 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


Mr.  McCullcn  is  a  member  of  the  Catholic  Club,  of  the  Philo- 
patrian  Literary  Institute,  of  the  Young  Men's  Democratic  Associa- 
tion, of  the  Law  Academy,  of  which  he  was  for  several  years  an 
officer,  of  the  University  Extension  Association,  of  the  Law  Asso- 
ciation, anil  he  is  the  Solicitor  for  the  American  Catholic  Historical 
Society. 


GUSTAVE    R.   SCHAEFER 

Was  born  in  this  city,  and  is  a  son  of  the  well-known  Real  Es- 
tate and  Insurance  Broker,  John  Schaefer.  The  latter  is  a  native 
of  Germany,  and  during  the  Revolution  of  1848  in  that  country  he 
was  one  of  the  prominent  leaders  of  the  revolutionists  ;  by  reason 
of  his  active  participation  in  that  demonstration  was  forced  to  emi- 
grate to  America,  and  located  in  this  city.  On  December  30,  1S5S, 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  Philadelphia,  and  stepped  from  the  school-room  into  the 
office  of  John  A.  Bickel,  Esq.,  under  whom  he  read  law.  His  ex- 
amination was  passed  with  flying  colors,  and  on  November  6,  18S0, 
although  not  yet  twenty-two  years  old,  he  was  admitted  to  the  Phil- 
adelphia Bar.  By  close  application  to  his  profession  he  has  at- 
tained a  reputation  of  which  he  can  well  feel  proud,  and  his  prac- 
tice in  the  civil  courts  has  been  especially  bright  and  successful. 
He  has  a  large  clientage  among  Building  Associations,  being  so- 
licitor for  no  less  than  ten  of  those  institutions.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  Supreme  Court  and  the  United  States  District  and  Circuit 
Courts  of  Pennsylvania,  New  Jersev  and  Delaware.  In  educational 
affairs  he  has  been  prominent  as  the  Representative  of  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Ward  in  the  School  Board  for  two  terms,  and  for  four  he  was 
Secretary-  of  the  Roard.  During  his  connection  with  the  schools, 
he  was  always  at  the  front  when  measures  that  would  be  advantage- 
ous to  furthering  their  interests  were  introduced,  and  advocated 
their  passage  with  a  firmness  and  persistency  that  generally  won 
the  dav.  Mr.  Schaefer  is  a  Thirty-second  Degree  Mason,  an  Odd 
Fellow,  and  holds  membership  in  the  Young  Republican  Club  and 
Philadelphia  Turiigeineinde,  among  which  societies  and  associa- 
tions he  has  many  warm  friends,  as  lie  has  also  among  his  fellow- 
members  of  the  Bar. 


JOHN  A.  WARD 


Was  born  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  on  August  13,  i860,  his 
parents  being  Michael  L.  and  Mary  K.  Ward.  His  earlier  educa- 
tion was  obtained  at  St.  Paul's  Parochial  School,  from  which  insti- 
tution he  was  entered  at  LaSalle  College,  both  of  the  city  of  Phila- 
delphia. He  graduated  from  the  latter  institution  in  June.  1878, 
after  having  conferred  upon  him  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts  ; 
and  in  June,  1S81,  his  Alma  Mater  conferred  upon  him  the  degree 
of  Master  of  Arts.  He  was  an  only  sou.  and  conscious  of  the  re- 
sponsibilities with  which  he  would  soon  have  to  battle,  and  anxious 
that  no  time  should  be  lost,  he  immediately  entered  the  law  office 
of  General  William  1  Buck)  McCandless  as  a  student.  He  was  ad- 
mitted to  practice  as  an  attorney  of  the  Philadelphia  courts  in 
October,  18S1, — two  months  after  attaining  his  majority, — and  at 
once  became  the  law  partner  of  his  preceptor,  which  relation  con- 
tinued until  the  death  of  General  McCandless  in  1SS5. 

Since  attaining  his  majority  he  has  been  actively  connected 
with  local  politics — being  an  uncompromising  Democrat.  Mr. 
Ward  has  never  held  political  office,  but  has  been  an  active  and 
prominent  factor  in  almost  every  Democratic  County  Convention 
during  the  past  ten  years.  He  was  nominated  by  the  Democrats  of 
the  Twelfth  Ward  as  their  candidate  for  Select  Council  in  18S9,  but, 
in  one  of  the  bitterest  political  fights  in  its  history,  was  defeated  by 
but  165  votes. 

Mr.  Ward  is  a  well  known  and  successful  member  of  the  Bar  ;  a 
member  of  a  number  of  political,  social,  and  scientific  organiza- 
tions, including  the  Young  Men's  Democratic  Association  of  Phila- 
delphia, the  Hibernian  Society,  the  Carrollton  Club,  and  the  Cath- 
olic Historical  Society  ;  and  is  a  vigorous  example  of  that  type  of 
successful  young  men  peculiar  to  the  Quaker  City. 


EDWARD  W.  MAGILL 

One  o(  Philadelphia's  younger  lawyers,  who  has  obtained  a  flat- 
tering recognition  and  success  at  the  Bar,  is  the  son  of  Watson  P. 
Magill,  a  well  known  and  highly  respected  Bucks  County  Quaker 
farmer,  who  was  the  first  to  respond  to  the  call  to  arms  when  the 
State  was  subject  to  invasions  in  1S63.  He  mustered  a  company  of 
his  neighbors,  was  elected  its  Captain  and  went  at  once  to  the  front. 


In  1868  he  was  a  Grant  elector,  and  during  Grant's  administration 
was  offered  the  position  of  Assessor  of  Internal  Revenues  for  the 
upper  part  of  Bucks  county.  Since  his  majority  the  Republican 
party  has  had  a  staunch  adherent. 

E.  W.  Magill  was  born  on  the  old  farm  January  27,  1S5S,  pass- 
ing his  younger  days  at  the  neighboring  public  schools.  But  his 
educational  advantages  were  not  confined  to  these,  for  he  later  be- 
came a  student  at  the  private  academy  at  Lambertville,  N.  J.,  and 
in  1874-75  was  undergoing  a  course  at  Swarthtnore  College.  At  the 
end  of  his  school  days  he  entered  the  law  office  of  Orlander  Harvev. 
of  Chester,  who  was  then  City  Solicitor,  and  began  the  study  of 
law,  and  in  September,  18S0,  he  was  admitted  to  the  Delaware 
county  Bar.  But  his  search  for  knowledge  did  not  end  here,  as  he 
became  a  student  in  the  Law  Department  of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania,  graduating  with  honor  from  that  institution  in  1SS1. 
From  January,  18S2,  to  September,  1SS6,  he  was  an  assistant  to 
Robert  Alexander,  Esq.,  and  Chas.  F.  Warwick,  Esq.,  and  after- 
wards associated  himself  with  Carroll  R.  Williams,  who  was  Coun- 
cilman for  two  terms  from  the  Twenty-Fourth  Ward.  On  January 
I,  1891,  he  again  became  associated  with  Robert  Alexander  as  a 
partner,  and  continues  with  him  at  the  present  time.  He  is  a 
quiet,  but  impressive  speaker,  concise  and  careful  in  his  delivery  ; 
thoroughly  acquainted  with  the  technical  points  of  law,  and  an 
honor  to  the  profession  he  has  adopted  and  in  which  he  has  already 
attained  marked  success.  His  pleasant  humor,  and  genial  smile 
and  disposition  have  won  for  him  a  host  of  friends,  not  only  among 
his  fellow  members  of  the  Rar,  but  the  public  which  know  him  so 
well.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Young  Republican  Club  of  this  city, 
and  a  faithful  worker  for  its  interests  and  advancement. 


THOMAS   D1EHL 

Among  the  younger  members  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar,  Mr. 
Thomas  Diehl  is  universally  recognized  as  a  successful  leader.  He 
was  born  in  this  city,  October  22,  1861,  and  was  educated  in  some 
of  the  principal  private  schools  of  this  city. 

His  father.  Thomas  J.  Diehl.  was  an  eminent  lawyer  ami  coun- 
sellor in  Philadelphia,  who  for  many  years  conducted  a  large  prac- 
tice in  both  civil  and  criminal  courts  with  marked  success,  as  a 
glance  at  Deacon's  Prominent  Pennsylvanians  will  show. 

The  subject  of  this  brief  notice  pursued  his  law  studies  under 
the  direction  of  his  father,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  the 
Courts  of  Philadelphia  County,  November  4,  1S82.  Inheriting  the 
legal  talent  of  his  father  he  soon  became  well  known  as  an  able 
advocate,  and  his  practice  in  the  courts  attained  large  proportions. 

His  offices  are  situated  at  No.  530  Walnut  street,  where  he  has 
one  of  the  largest  and  most  complete  private  law  libraries  in  the 
city. 

In  his  professional  career  Mr.  Diehl,  like  his  father,  has  met 
with  success.     He  is  thorough  in  the  preparation  of  his  cases. 

In  Roop's  Appeal,  132  Pennsylvania  State  Reports,  involving 
the  question  of  a  married  woman's  liability  as  security  for  her  hus- 
band's debt,  a  question  then  new  and  of  great  practical  importance, 
Mr.  Diehl  was  counsel  for  appellant  and  managed  the  case  with 
masterly  ability. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  Union  League  and  of  the  Philadelphia 
Art  Club,  and  is  counsel  for  St.  Clement's  Church,  of  this  city,  and 
other  organizations. 

Among  the  legal  fraternity,  as  by  the  judges  of  the  courts,  Mr. 
Diehl  is  held  in  high  esteem  for  his  scholarly  attainments  and  pro- 
fessional worth. 


SYDNEY  G.  FISHER 


Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  September  [I,  1S56.  He  was  the 
son  of  Sydney  G.  Fisher,  who  was  a  lawyer,  and  the  author  of  sev- 
eral books  and  pamphlets  which  attracted  considerable  attention 
during  the  Civil  War.  Among  them,  "The  Trial  of  the  Constitu- 
tion," "Kansas  and  the  Constitution,"  and  "The  Law  of  the  Ter- 
ritories." 

Mr.  Fisher  graduated  at  Trinity  College,  Hartford,  Conn.,  in 
the  class  of  1879,  studied  law  with  Francis  Rawle,  Esq.,  and  while 
registered  in  that  office  spent  two  years  at  the  Harvard  Law  School. 
He  now  assists  Mr.  Rawle  in  his  practice  at  402  Walnut  street,  and 
is  the  author  of  several  legal  articles,  viz:  "Arc  the  Departments 
of  Government  Independent  of  Each  Other." — American  Law 
Review,  Yol.  21,  p.  210.  "Suspension  of  Habeas  Corpus  during  the 
War  of  the  Rebellion." — Political  Science  Quarterly,  Vol.  3,  p. 
454.  "Survival  of  Actions. " — American  Law  Review,  Vol.  20,  p. 
48.     "Limited  Partnership." — American  Law  Review,  Vol.  20,  p. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA NS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


84S.     "Administration  of  Equity  through  Common  Law  Forms." 
— Law  Quarterly  Review  (London),  Vol.  1,  p.  455. 

Mr.  Fisher  has  also  written  a  pamphlet  entitled  "The  Causes  of 
the  Increase  of  Divorce,"  published  in  March,  1890,  in  which  he  has 
attempted  to  account  for  the  increase  of  divorce  in  modern  times 
by  a  historical  view  of  the  whole  subject  and  an  analysis  of  our  con- 
ception of  marriage  as  it  was  developed  in  the  middle  ages.  This 
pamphlet,  rewritten  and  amplified  by  further  investigations,  was 
published  in  the  Philadelphia  Sunday  Press  of  July  13,  1890,  and 
copied  the  following  week  by  the  St.  Louis  Globe  Democrat. 

Mr.  Fisher's  most  important  public  case  was  Commonwealth 
vs.  Webber,  in  which  he  appeared  with  W.  W.  Carr,  Esq.,  in  defence 
of  the  defendant  who  was  indicted  for  a  very  extraordinary  murder. 
The  case  raised  some  curious  legal  questions  which  had  not  been 
settled  in  Pennsylvania,  and  is  fully  reported  in  119  Pennsvlvania 
State  Reports,  223. 

Mr.  Fisher's  practice  is  a  general  one  in  connection  with  Mr. 
Rawle  in  the  Common  Pleas,  the  U.  S.  Circuit  and  District  Courts, 
and  the  Orphans'  Court.     He  is  a  member  of  the  Library   Commit- 
tee of  the  Law  Association  and 
of  the  Board  of  Examiners  for 
admission  to  the  Bar.     He  be- 
longs to  the  University  Club. 

On  July  30,  1S80,  Mr. 
Fisher  wrote  for  the  New  York 
Nations,  letter  signed  "F.G.S." 
which  was  the  beginning  of 
the  movement  which  estab- 
lished the  various  Civil  Service 
Reform  societies  throughout 
the  country.  This  letter  was 
followed  by  other  letters  from 
Mr.  Fisher  and  Mr.  F.  W. 
Hobbs,  a  well-known  lawver 
of  New  York,  "  F.  W.  H.,"'  in 
the  Nation,  and  resulting  in 
the  distribution  of  literature 
throughout  the  country,  had 
its  effect  in  bringing  about  the 
adoption  of  our  Civil  Reform 
Service. 


name.  Since  then  he  has  been  suggested  for  several  positions  of 
public  honor  and  trust  but  has  declined  to  accept  any  position  out- 
side of  his  profession. 


JAMES  M.  BECK 

Was  born  in  this  city  on 
July  9,  1S61.  He  was  educated 
in  the  public  schools.  In  1S76 
he  entered  college  at  Bethle- 
hem, Pa.,  from  which  he  grad- 
uated in  1SS0;  he  then  com- 
menced the  study  of  law  with 
Mr.  Outerbridge.  In  April, 
1SS4,  he  was  admitted  to  the 
Bar,  and  in  1S85  became  asso- 
ciated with  William  F.  Har- 
rity,  Esq.,  which  relation  con- 
tinued until  February,  1891, 
when  they  formed  a  law  part- 
nership under  the  firm  name  of 

Harrity  &  Beck.     In  March,  1SS8,  the  Attorney  General  appointed 
Mr.  Beck  an  Assistant  Attornevfor  the  United  States. 

In  Mr.  Beck's  brief  career  at  the  Bar  he  has  tried  a  large  num- 
ber of  cases  in  both  the  civil  and  criminal  courts,  some  of  them 
of  more  than  ordinary  importance.  He  prepared  and  assisted  in 
the  trial  of  Wanamaker  vs.  Cadwalader,  Collector,  which  excited 
widespread  interest  and  involved  in  its  bearing  upon  similar  cases 
over  seven  millions  of  dollars.  He  also  argued  the  case  of  Mullen 
vs.  Traction  Company,  which  decided  that  this  Company  was  com- 
pelled to  repave  the  streets  occupied  by  its  leased  lines.  Mr.  Beck 
has  also,  in  an  unusually  short  time,  gained  a  reputation  as  a  public 
speaker.  On  March  17,  1S86,  he  responded  at  the  annual  dinner  of 
the  Hibernian  Society  to  the  toast  "  Civil  and  Religious  Liberty." 

In  188S,  on  an  invitation  of  the  Democratic  National  Commit- 
tee, he  spoke  at  various  points  in  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Connecti- 
cut and  Pennsylvania. 

He  has  delivered  lectures  on  various  literary  and  social  subjects, 
and  was  one  of  the  editors  of  Shakesperiana.  In  April,  1S90,  he 
responded  to  a  toast  at  a  notable  public  dinner  in  the  City  of  Bos- 
ton, in  commemoration  of  Thomas  Jefferson. 

He  was  prominently  suggested  for  the  succession  to  ex-Speaker 
Randall's  Congressional  seat,  but  declined  to  allow  the  use  of  his 


WILLIAM   H.   R.   LUKENS 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  May  17,  1857.  He  is  the  son  of 
Andrew  and  Catharine  Lukens,  his  father  died  in  April,  1S59.  Was 
educated  in  the  public  schools,  and  attended  the  Northern  Liberties 
grammar  school.  He  also  attended  Bryant  &  Stratton's  Business 
College,  after  which  he  went  into  the  stationery  business  at  the 
northwest  corner  of  Secoud  and  Brown  Streets,  but  he  gave  up  the 
business  to  enter  the  law  offices  of  Lewis  D.  Vail,  Esq.,  in  October, 
1879.  June,  1883,  he  graduated  from  the  Law  Department  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  the  same 
month. 

In  1SS1  he  was  nominated  by  the  Republicans  for  Select 
Council  but  not  being  twenty-five  years  of  age  he  was  compelled  to 
decline.  In  18S4  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Republican 
State  Committee  from  the 
Third  District.  In  1886  was  a 
member  of  the  Republican 
City  Committee  from  the 
Eleventh  Ward. 

After  his  term  expired  he 
gave  up  politics  to  attend  to  his 
growing  law  practice.  While 
in  politics  was  a  member  of  the 
Young  Republicans  of  Phila- 
delphia; was  Director  for  sev- 
eral years,  and  in  18S4  was  a 
member  of  the  Campaign 
Committee,  and  took  an  active 
part  in  the  campaign. 

He  is  a  member  of  Integ- 
rity Lodge  No.  187,  F.  &  A.  M., 
now  Senior  Warden.  A  mem- 
ber of  T.  B.  Freeman  Chapter 
No.  243,  Kensington  Com- 
manders- No.  54,  K.  T.,  also  Lu 
Lu  Temple  A.  A.  0.  N.  M.  S., 
also  member  of  Fidelitv  Lodge 
No.  138,  I  0.  O.  F.,  and  has 
represented  that  lodge  in  the 
Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Odd 
Fellows  Cemetery  Company 
for  the  past  ten  years,  and  been 
chairman  of  Finance  Commit- 
tee for  the  past  four  years.  He 
is  a  member  of  Fourth  Baptist 
Church  and  was  a  number  of 
years  secretary  of  the  Sunday 
School. 

Mr.  Lukens'  business  has 

been  confined  to  the  civil  and 

Orphans'  courts  having  settled 

James  M.  Beck  a  iarge  number  of  estates  in 

the  neighborhood  in  which  he 
resides.  He  still  has  offices  with  Mr.  Vail ;  has  also  been  solicitor 
for  a  number  of  Loan  Associations.  He  is  an  active  member  of 
the  Philadelphia  Bicycle  Club  and  Philadelphia  Cycle  and  Field 
Club.     Office  rooms  504  and  505  Girard  Building. 

He  was  married  December  2S,  1SS5,  to  Mattie  Haylmrst,  daugh- 
ter of  Samuel  Havhurst.     He  has  had  two  children,  one  living. 


FRANCIS   E.  BUCHER 

Was  born  in  Sunbury,  Northumberland  County,  pa.,  Septem- 
ber 25,  1859.  In  1S77  he  entered  Franklin  and  Marshall  College 
and  graduated  therefrom  in  1SS1  with  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of 
Arts.  At  his  graduation  he  was  given  the  second  honor  or  Marshall 
Oration.  In  1S81  he  entered  the  University  of  Pennsylvania, 
Law  Department,  and  graduated  therefrom  a  Bachelor  of  Laws  in 
18S3.  In  the  same  year,  1S83,  he  was  admitted  to  practice  law  at 
the  Bar  of  Philadelphia  County. 

Mr.  Bucher  has  resided  in  Philadelphia  since  his  admission  to 
the  Bar  and  has  there  steadily  and  successfully  pursued  the  practice 
of  the  law.     Offices,  550  Dre'xel  Building. 


57 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


JOHN   HAMPTON   BARNES 

John  Hampton  Barnes  is  one  of  the  most  prominent  members 
of  that  brilliant  group  of  young  attorneys  who  have  through  their 
marked  successes  in  the  profession  reflected  so  much  credit  upon 
the  Philadelphia  Bar.  He  comes  from  old  New  England  stock,  who 
were  among  the  earliest  settlers  of  the  colonies,  locating  at  Marl- 
borough, Mass.  Mr.  Barnes  was  born  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  in  1860, 
is  a  son  of  William  H.  Barnes,  a  Philadelphian  and  a  prominent 
railroad  man,  being  one  of  the  directors  of  the  Pennsylvania  Rail- 
road Company.  His  mother  was  a  Miss  Hampton,  daughter  of  the 
Hon.  W.  Hampton,  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  District  Court  at 
Pittsburgh. 

Mr.  Barnes  received  the  earlier  portion  of  his  education  at  a 
private  school  in  Pittsburgh,  and  later,  in  1S77,  entered  Yale  Col- 
lege, from  which  he  graduated  in  1S81,  and  at  once  began  the  study 
of  law  in  the  office  of  his  uncle,  John  H.  Hampton,  of  Pittsburgh. 
His  legal  studies  were  completed  by  a  course  in  the  Columbia  Law 
School,  of  New  York,  and  in  December,  1S83,  he  was  admitted  to 
the  Bar  in  Philadelphia.  A 
few  months  later  he  was  ap- 
pointed Examiner  of  Claims  in 
the  Legal  Department  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Railroad.  In 
18S6  he  entered  the  office  of 
Wayne  MacVeagh  and  later 
became  a  member  of  his 
firm. 

Mr.  Barnes  has  a  thorough 
conception  of  the  studies  of 
his  profession,  is  quick  to 
grasp  a  technical  error,  and 
keen  as  to  the  best  methods  to 
use  in  the  trial  of  a  case  and 
an  address  to  a  jury,  over 
which  he  possesses  great  influ- 
ence, due  to  his  familiarity 
with  human  nature.  He  is  a 
forcible  speaker  and  couches 
his  language  in  clear,  plain 
sentences  which  enable  the 
jurymen  to  understand  exactly 
what  is  being  said.  Mr.  Barnes 
has  a  general  and  constantly 
growing  practice,  both  in  court 
and  as  a  counsellor,  and  has 
been  singularly  successful  with 
the  cases  entrusted  to  him, 
especially  those  of  corpora- 
tions, which  form  a  large  per- 
centage of  his  clientage. 

Like  all  Yale  men,  he  is 
interested  in  athletics.  At  the 
present  time  he  is  a  member 
of  various  clubs,  both  athletic 
and  social,  and  is  Secretary  of 
the  Philadelphia  County  Club. 
He  is  also  a  member  of  the 
New  England  Society  and 
takes  great  interest  in  its  suc- 
cess and  advancement,  and  also  various  organizations  of  a  similar 
character. 


the  nomination  of  Hon.  Robert  E.  Pattison  for  Governor,  which  he 
did  in  an  eloquent  speech.  In  September,  1S90,  he  was  chosen 
Chairman  to  preside  over  the  Judicial  Convention  which  nomi- 
nated Hon.  Thomas  K.  Finletter  for  his  third  term.  In  1S86  he 
was  nominated  by  the  Democrats  of  the  First  District  as  a  candi- 
date for  Congress  against  General  Henry  H.  Bingham  and  obtained 
the  largest  percentage  of  Democratic  vo'tes  cast  for  any  Democratic 
candidate.  The  district  was  overwhelmingly  Republican.  Mr. 
Ryan  has  been  active  in  the  efforts  to  advance  the  interests  of  the 
Irish  race,  and  at  the  request  of  the  Irish  National  League  of  Amer- 
ica visited  over  thirty  States  in  the  Union,  lecturing  in  the  princi- 
pal cities.  Since  1886  he  has  been  State  Delegate  in  the  Irish 
National  League.  In  conjunction  with  Dr.  Thomas  Addis  Emmet, 
Eugene  Kelly,  Judge  Morgan,  William  R.  Grace  and  others,  he 
assisted  in  organizing  the  Irish  Confederation,  and  was  selected  as 
Vice-President,  representing  the  State  of  Pennsylvania.  He  was 
for  three  years  President  of  the  Philomathean  Literary  Institute 
and  for  two  years  President  of  the  Catholic  Young  Men's  Union  ; 
for  three  years  President  of  the  Irish  American  Club.  Is  at  present 
a  member  of  the  Hibernian 
Society,  the  Tariff  Reform 
Club,  the  Young  Men's  Demo- 
cratic Association,  the  Catholic 
Historical  Society,  the  Fair- 
mount  Park  Association  and 
the  Law  Association  of  Phila- 
delphia. 

In  1SS6  Mr.  Ryan  married 
Miss  Eleanor  Kemper,  a 
daughter  of  the  late  Andrew 
Kemper,  a  prominent  and  re- 
spected citizen  of  this  city. 


Michael  J.  Ryan 


MICHAEL  J.   RYAN 


E.  CLINTON  RHOADS 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia 
in  1863  and  is  a  graduate  of 
the  High  School.  He  studied 
law  with  G.  W.  McKeehan, 
Esq.,  and  graduated  from  the 
Law  Department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania,  taking 
both  the  ordinary  and  post- 
graduate courses  in  law.  He 
was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in 
1884  and  has  now  an  active 
practice.  He  has  been  engaged 
in  several  important  criminal 
cases  in  addition  to  his  civil 
practice. 

In  politics  Mr.  Rhoads  has 

been   rather  independent.     He 

took  part   in  the  fight  against 

the  Traction  bills  in  1887,  and 

in   the  campaign  against  Mr. 

Leeds   for   Sheriff;     he  was  a 

member   of   the   Independent 

Republican    State    Committee 

in    1890  which    opposed    Mr. 

Delamatcr   for   Governor.     He   has   always   taken   an   interest   in 

various   movements  having  in  view  the  commercial   interests   of 

the  city. 


Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  June  13,  1862,  and  was  educated  at 
St.  Augustine  School  and  La  Salle  College.  He  studied  law  under 
the  direction  of  George  H.  Earle  and  Richard  P.  White,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1SS4.  In  the  practice  of  law  he  has  been 
successful  and  has  secured  as  clients  many  influential  aud  promi- 
nent citizens. 

He  has  recently  been  appointed  bv  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas,  No.  3,  to  the  receivership  of  the  Annual  Benefit  Society — a 
mark  of  favor  and  confidence  seldom  bestowed  on  so  young  a  man. 

Mr.  Ryan  has  interested  himself  in  public  affairs  and  has  estab- 
lished a  reputation  as  an  eloquent  public  speaker,  and  his  services 
have  been  in  request  in  various  campaigns. 

During  the  contest  which  resulted  in  the  election  of  Mayor 
King,  of  Philadelphia,  and  in  the  memorable  Presidential  cam- 
paign of  1SS4,  Mr.  Ryan  was  called  upon  to  address  meetings  in 
New  Jersey  and  New  York,  and  in  1890  he  was  selected  to  second 


THOMAS   LEAMING 

Comes  of  a  family  who  have  been  Philadclphians  for  some  gen- 
erations. He  was  educated  at  the  Episcopal  Academy  and  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania.  Leaving  college  before  graduating,  he 
took  a  position  in  a  mercantile  house  where  he  acquired  practical 
business  experience. 

Subsequently  he  read  law  with  Hon.  Wayne  MacVeagh  and 
George  Tucker  Bispham,  Esq.  After  admission  to  the  Bar  he  be- 
gan practice  for  himself  and  rapidly  acquired  a  considerable  and 
growing  general  practice  which  soon  placed  him  in  the  front  rank 
of  the  rising  lawyers  and  which  keeps  him  constantly  in  court, 
both  at  home  and  in  the  West,  where  he  frequently  appears 
in  the  courts  of  Chicago  and  other  cities  representing  Eastern  in- 
terests. 

In  politics  he  is  a  Republican,  although  independent  in  local 
questions.     In  1SS1  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  old  Committee 


58 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILA DELPHI ANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


of  One  Hundred  and  took  a  prominent  part  in  its  triumphs,  until 
its  frequent  support  of  Democrats  somewhat  chilled  the  more  con- 
servative element  to  which  he  belonged.  He  was  one  of  the  orig- 
inators of  the  new  city  charter — known  as  the  Bullitt  Bill — and  was 
one  of  the  conference  committees  of  the  rival  town  meetings  which 
finally  reconciled  the  opposition  to  the  measure.  His  name  has 
been,  at  times,  mentioned  for  various  local  offices,  but  when  offered 
the  position  of  Director  of  Charities  and  Corrections  in  the  first  ad- 
ministration under  the  new  city  charter,  and  again  that  of  assistant 
solicitor  for  the  sheriff,  he  declined  to  accept. 


EDWARD  DE  VEAUX  MORRELL 

Edward  De  Veaux  Morrell  was  born  in  Newport,  Rhode  Island, 
while  his  parents  were  temporarily  sojourning  there,  on  August  7, 
1862.  His  father  belonged  to  an  old  and  leading  Philadelphia 
family  and  his  mother  was  the  youngest  daughter  of  John  Hare 
Powel,  a  very  prominent  Philadelphian,  belonging  to  the  old  Powel 
family  in  Philadelphia.  His 
father  died  when  the  subject 
of  this  sketch  was  about  ten 
years  of  age.  At  an  early  age 
he  was  brought  to  Philadelphia 
and  has  resided  here  ever 
since.  He  entered  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania  and  grad- 
uated with  an  honor  in  18S5, 
when  he  entered  the  office  of 
his  stepfather,  John  G.  John- 
son, a  prominent  member  of 
the  Philadelphia  Bar,  and  com- 
menced the  study  of  the  law. 
He  was  always  at  the  head  ot 
his  class  and  passed  a  rather 
brilliant  college  career,  and 
also  examinations  for  the  Bar. 
He  passed  the  necessary  exam- 
inations and  was  admitted  to 
the  Bar  in  January,  1S8S.  He 
graduated  from  the  Law  De- 
partment of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  June,  1S8S, 
and  was  selected  to  deliver  the 
Law  oration  at  the  general 
commencement.  At  that  same 
commencement  there  were 
conferred  upon  him  the  de- 
grees of  Bachelor  of  Laws  and 
Bachelor  of  Arts. 

In  January,  1SS9,  he  mar- 
ried Louise  Bouvier.the  young- 
est daughter  of  the  late  Fran- 
cis A.  Drcxel,  formerly  a  mem- 
ber of  the  firm  of  Drexel  and 
Company,  and  since  that  time 
has  taken  an  active  part  in  the 
management  of  the  business 
affairs  of  his  estate. 

In  February,  1891,  he  was 
elected  to  Select  Council  from  the  Thirty-fifth  Ward,  in  which  body 
he  attained  a  prominent  position  and  has  advocated  manv  promi- 
nent measures  ;  for  instance,  the  North-eastern  Elevated  Railroad, 
the  changing  of  the  city's  deposits  and  many  local  matters.  It  is 
needless  to  say  that  he  occupies  a  very  prominent  position  in 
social  circles. 


his  confidence  in  the  opportunities  the  United  States  offers  to  the 
industrious  and  energetic  citizen.  He  has  since  had  the  satisfac- 
tion of  bringing  to  the  United  States,  his  parents  who  are  still  liv- 
ing, and  a  brother  and  sister.  After  remaining  in  New  York  City 
a  short  time,  Mr.  O'Callaghan  came  to  Philadelphia,  which  city  he 
has  made  his  permanent  home,  and  from  1S75  to  18S2  was  engaged 
in  commercial  pursuits. 

Always  a  student  he  early  took  a  deep  interest  in  the  study  of 
our  government  and  institutions,  and  of  public  questions,  and  was 
led  by  his  investigations  on  attaining  his  majority  and  becoming  a 
citizen  to  identify  himself  with  the  Republican  party.  He  pos- 
sesses many  of  the  gifts  of  the  born  orator  to  which  he  adds  the  cul- 
ture of  the  student.  He  is  very  much  in  demand  as  a  political 
speaker  and  he  does  his  share  of  the  political  work  willingly,  while 
at  the  same  time  he  is  entirely  free  from  political  ambition,  and  is 
entirely  devoted  to  the  profession  of  the  law. 

In  the  summer  of  1SS2,  he  became  a  student  in  the  law  office 
of  ex-Senator  B.  F.  Hughes,  and  after  graduating  from  the  Law 
Department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  he  was  admitted  to 
the  Bar  in  June,  1885.  As  his 
preceptor  was  then  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate,  a  co-part- 
nership was  entered  into  be- 
tween the  young  attorney  and 
Mr.  Hughes,  which  continued 
for  two  years,  alter  which  Mr. 
O'Callaghan  opened  an  office 
of  his  own. 

He  is  a  careful,  painstak- 
ing and  aggressive  lawyer,  and 
has  met  with  marked  success 
in  the  trial  of  cases  in  the  civil 
courts ;  although  his  success 
has  by  no  means  been  confined 
to  the  civil  courts. 


Edward  De  Veaux  Morrell 


MICHAEL  J.  O'CALLAGHAN 

Is  a  successful  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar.  He  was  born 
at  Cork,  Ireland,  October  24,  1857.  In  1S66  his  parents  removed  to 
Lancashire,  England.  Mr.  O'Callaghan  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  England,  and  under  the  guidance  of  private  teachers.  At 
an  early  age  he  sought  employment  in  the  cotton  mills  of  Lanca- 
shire, England,  and  became  at  the  age  of  sixteen  years,  the  foreman 
of  the  spinning  department  of  the  mill  where  he  was  employed. 

In  1874,  leaving  his  parents  in  England,  he  emigrated  to  the 

United  States,  believing  this  country  afforded  the  best  opportunity 

for  individual  effort  and  advancement.     This  was  a  bold  move  for  a 

outh  of  seventeen   years  without   means  and  without   friends  or 

-ning  influence  in  the  new  country,  but  the  result  has  justified 


FRANK  R.  SHATTUCK 

Was  born  in  Middlesex 
county,  Connecticut,  February 
19,  1864.  His  father,  Francis 
E.  Shattuck,  was  one  of  the 
leading  fire  insurance  men  of 
this  city  for  many  years,  com- 
ing here  in  1S66.  The  subject 
of  this  notice  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools  of  Philadel- 
phia, and  was  graduated  from 
the  High  School  in  June,  1S81. 
He  began  his  course  of  law 
studies  in  the  office  of  Alex- 
ander P.  Colesberry,  and  sub- 
sequently, in  1883,  entered  the 
Law  Department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania,  from 
which  he  was  graduated  in 
1SS5  with  honor,  and  the  same 
year  he  was  admitted  to  prac- 
tice in  the  several  courts  of 
Philadelphia  county.  Three  years  later  he  entered  into  partner- 
ship with  his  former  law  preceptor,  and  is  now  actively  engaged  in 
a  lucrative  general  practice  as  attorney  and  counsellor. 

Mr.  Shattuck  is  an  able  speaker,  and  both  on  the  rostrum  and 
in  political  contests  has  been  noted  for  his  eloquence.  He  is  a 
valued  member  of  the  Young  Men's  Democratic  Association,  of  the 
Young  Democratic  Battalion,  of  the  Jefferson  Club  and  the  Iroquois 
Club  of  the  Fifteenth  Ward,  in  which  he  resides. 

In  18S8  he  was  nominated  bv  his  party  as  candidate  for  the 
City  Councils  but  declined,  believing  that  the  "  post  of  honor  is  the 
private  station." 

He  is  also  interested  in  athletic  sports  and  in  art,  and  is  an 
active  and  influential  member  of  the  Athletic  Club  of  the  Schuyl- 
kill Navy  and  of  the  West  Philadelphia  Boat  Club  and  the  Art 
Club,  and  devotes  his  leisure  hours  to  healthful  recreation  and  the 
pursuit  of  art. 

Mr.  Shattuck  was  married  November  18,  18S6,  to  Miss  Ella  A. 
Woodward,  who  was  a  niece  of  the  well-known  Jos.  J.  Martin,  Esq. 
By  reason  of  his  studious  methods,  careful  preparation  of  his 
cases,  and  his  marked  ability  as  an  advocate,  Mr.  Shattuck  has 
enjoyed  a  measure  of  success  which  gives  promise  of  increased 
prosperity  and  continued  usefulness. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA. VS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


HENRY   JAMES   HANCOCK 

A  rising  member  of  the  junior  Bar,  was  born  in  West  Philadel- 
phia, August  18,  1S64.  He  is  the  son  of  George  W.  Hancock,  the 
eminent  surveyor  and  engineer  whose  record  is  given  in  another 
portion  of  this  work,  and  is  a  descendant  of  the  Richard  Hancock 
who  came  over  from  England  in  1680  as  a  deputy  under  William 
Penn  for  the  Fenwick  Grant  in  New  Jersey. 

After  receiving  a  good  education  in  private  schools  he  entered 
Swarthmore  College,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  18S4,  and 
then  began  the  study  of  law,  attending  the  lectures  of  the  Law 
School  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  for  two  years.  He  was 
admitted  to  the  Bar  a  short  time  after  he  had  attained  his  majority. 
After  spending  some  time  in  foreign  travel  he  began  the  practice 
of  the  law  with  the  advantage  of  having  a  large  circle  of  acquaint- 
ances who  had  confidence  in  his  ability  and  integrity  and  knew  of 
his  studious  habits.  He  early  took  an  active  interest  in  the  Law 
Academy,  one  of  the  oldest  organizations  in  the  country,  and  when 
J.  Houston  Merrill,  Esq.,  undertook  the  preparation  of  his  great 
encyclopedia  of  American  and 
English  law  Mr.  Hancock  con- 
tributed several  articles  that 
now  constitute  part  of  a  work 
that  has  been  commended  for 
its  accurate  learning  by  the 
judges  of  the  highest  courts 
in  all  the  States.  When  the 
West  Philadelphia  Title  and 
Trust  Company  was  organized, 
Mr.  Hancock  was  elected  a 
director  and  served  for  a  time 
as  such. 


O.  PERCY  BRIGHT 

Of  the  junior  members  of 
the  Philadelphia  Bar  there  are 
none  whose  future  gives 
brighter  promise  of  distinction 
than  O.  Percy  Bright,  who  for 
three  years  past  has  been  en- 
gaged in  successful  practice, 
with  his  office  at  524  Walnut 
street. 

Mr.  Bright  was  born  at 
Wilmington,  Del.,  February 
22,  1863,  and  was  educated  at 
private  academies  and  under 
the  direction  of  a  private  tutor 
was  prepared  for  college.  He 
entered  the  Freshman  class  of 
Vale  University  in  the  fall  of 
18S1  and  was  graduated  from 
this  time-honored  institution 
with  the  Class  Day  honors  in 
1885,  after  completing  the  full 
classical  course  of  study.  He 
began  the  study  of  law  at  Har- 
vard University  in   October  of 

the  same  year,  but  after  a  time  abandoned  his  purpose  and  accepted 
a  journalistic  position  in  Chicago,  which  was  found  incougenial 
and  was  in  turn  given  up,  and  for  nearly  a  year  Mr.  Bright  devoted 
himself  to  travel  and  study.  Resuming  his  law  studies  at  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania,  he  was  graduated  from  the  Law  De- 
partment in  iSSS,  and  was  at  once  admitted  to  practice  in  the  courts 
of  Philadelphia  county.  In  October  of  the  same  year  he  opened 
an  office  at  524  Walnut  street,  where  he  is  still  located  and  is  suc- 
cessfully engaged  in  professional  life.  He  has  also  a  law  office  in 
Wilmington,  Del.,  at  71 7 J4  Market  street. 

Able  as  an  advocate  and  thoughtful  and  considerate  in  his  coun- 
sel, the  future  bespeaks  for  him  that  prominence  and  distinction 
which  awaits  earnest  endeavor  and  patient  and  persistent  effort. 

Mr.  Bright  is  a  member  of  the  Young  Men's  Democratic  Club, 
of  Wilmington,  and  of  several  social  societies  of  that  city. 


O.  Percy  Bright 


WILLIAM  W.  SMITHERS 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia  May  5,  1S64.  His  father  was  Wil- 
liam H.  Smithers  who  died  in  1S65  while  Captain  of  a  steamer 
which  had  been  engaged  during  the  war  in  the  transportation    of 


troops  from  the  north  to  Fortress  Monroe.  His  mother,  Mary  J.  Reed, 
was  a  grand-daughter  of  Captain  Anthony  Ingraham,  who  com- 
manded the  militia  at  Lewes,  Delaware,  during  the  war  of  1812. 
Both  the  Smithers  and  Ingraham  families  are  among  the  oldest  in 
Delaware.  In  1865  after  the  death  of  her  husband  Mrs.  Smithers  re- 
moved to  Milton,  Delaware,  where  William  W. — the  onlv  son 
among  four  children — received  his  education  at  the  public  school. 
In  1876  the  family  returned  to  Philadelphia,  and  in  1877  our  subject 
entered  the  law  office  of  his  uncle,  Elias  P.  Smithers,  Esq.,  where 
he  remained  as  office  boy,  clerk  and  student  successively  until  1S89 
when  he  matriculated  at  the  Law  School  of  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania. 

In  18S7  he  received  his  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Laws — also  two 
honors — the  first  essay  prize,  and  class  oratorship — this  being  the 
first  instance  in  the  history  of  the  Law  School  where  one  student 
had  received  more  than  one  honor.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  of  the 
County  courts,  June  18,  1887,  and  of  the  Supreme  Court  January  6, 
1890.  He  remained  associated  with  his  uncle  until  September  1, 
1S89,  when  he  took  offices  at  No.  723  Walnut  Street,  where  he  has 
since  remained  in  active  gene- 
ral practice — devoting  himself 
speciallv,  however,  to  criminal 
law  and  the  law  of  private  cor- 
porations and  municipal  im- 
provements. His  particular 
hobby  is  the  folk-lore  of  the 
Delaware  Peninsula,  and  he  is 
much  interested  in  penal  dis- 
cipline, educational  matters 
and  general  literature.  He  is 
a  Republican  and  takes  an  ac- 
tive part  in  all  campaigns.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
Fraternity,  Odd  Fellows,  Ju- 
nior Order  American  Mechan- 
ics, Young  Republicans,  Al- 
umni Association  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania — 
having  been  on  the  Board  of 
Managers  since  shortly  after 
his  graduation,  Law  Academy, 
Law  Association  and  the  Penn- 
svlvania  Historical  Society. 


LUTHER  S.  KAUFFMAN 

Though  a  recent  acquisi- 
tion to  tlie  Philadelphia  Bar. 
has  been  a  member  of  the  pro- 
fession for  several  years  and  is 
widely  known  throughout  the 
country  as  an  original  thinker 
and  Forcible  speaker.  He  was 
born  in  Miners ville,  Schuylkill 
County,  November  5,  1846,  and 
after  being  fitted  for  college  at 
the  Orwigsburg  Academy  was 
entered  as  a  student  in  the 
Pennsylvania  College  at  Get- 
tysburg, Pa.,  though  onlv  fourteen  years  of  age.  The  breaking  out 
of  the  civiliwar  interrupted  his  studies  and  when  Pennsylvania  was 
threatened'with  invasion,  in  1S63,  he  hurried  to  his  native  town  to 
induce  his'voung  friends  to  join  him  in  repelling  the  invaders,  and 
succeeded  in  enlisting  almost  a  company,  with  whom  he  marched 
to  the  front  as  a  private  soldier,  remaining  in  the  United  States 
service  until  after  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  and  the  emergency  had 
passed. 

The  next  fourteen  years  of  his  life  were  spent  in  various  com- 
mercial pursuits — as  a  banker  in  Minersville.  General  Agent  of  a 
Life  Insurance  Company  in  Pittsburgh  and  a  broker  in  New  York. 
In  1S78  he  went  to  Colorado  where  he  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  Bar  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  that  State.  He  remained  there 
in  the  practice  of  the  law  until  July,  18S4,  when  he  accepted  a 
position  with  a  Life  Insurance  Company  which  required  him  to 
travel  through  the  Northern  States  and  Canada.  Retiring  from 
this  in  18S7  he  established  himself  as  a  lawyer  at  Lancaster,  Pa., 
where  he  remained  until  September  1890,  when  he  removed  to 
Philadelphia.  Mr.  Kauffman  has  given  special  attention  to  corpo- 
ration business  and  has  devised  a  series  of  improved  books  for  cor- 
porations which  are  now  in  use  by  over  400  incorporated  com- 
panies throughout  the  United   States.     He   has  in   preparation   a 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BENCH  AND  BAR. 


manual  for  companies  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  Pennsyl- 
vania and  another  so  arranged  as  to  be  of  value  to  corporations  in 
any  of  the  United  States.  In  association  with  Wavne  MacVeagh, 
Esq.,  lie  is  attorney  for  the  Dairymen's  National  Protective  Associ- 
ation and  has  been  very  active  and  successful  in  prosecuting  those 
accused  of  illegally  selling  oleomargarine. 

Mr.  KaufFman  is  interested  in  Reform  movements  and  was  a 
delegate  to  the  first  convention  held  in  Chicago,  September,  1S69, 
which  organized  the  National  Prohibition  party. 


JOHN  CROMWELL  BELL 

John  Cromwell  Bell  was  born  at  Elder's  Ridge,  Indiana Countv, 
Pa.,  on  October  3,  1861.  He  removed  to  Philadelphia  in  1876,  and 
a  few  months  later  entered  the  Central  High  School.  He  led  his 
class  during  the  four  years'  course  at  that  institution,  graduating 
in  1SS0  and  receiving  his  degree  of  A.  M.  in  1S85. 

A  vear  after  his  graduation  he  entered  the  office  of  John  Moy- 
land  Thomas,  Esq.,  and  in  1882 
matriculated  in  the  Law  School 
of  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. His  ability  and  apt  fit- 
ness for  his  chosen  profession 
soon  became  manifest  to  both 
his  professors  and  his  class- 
mates. The  latter  chose  him 
Class  President;  the  former 
upon  his  graduation  awarded 
him  the  Merideth  Essay  Prize, 
selecting  him  also  to  deliver 
the  law  oration  at  commence- 
ment. Referring  to  these  dis- 
tinctions, the  late  E.  Coppce 
Mitchell,  Esq.,  in  a  letter  writ- 
ten him  at  the  time,  said:  "  It 
does  not  often  happen  that  out 
of  the  few  honors  which  it  is 
in  the  power  of  the  faculty  to 
bestow  upon  one  about  to 
graduate,  two  of  them  should 
fall  to  the  same  person,  as  has 
happened  in  your  case.  But 
your  uniform  attention  to  your 
studies,  united  to  your  agree- 
able manners,  have  won  for 
you  the  respect  and  good  will, 
not  only  of  the  faculty,  but  of 
your  fellow  students,  and  I  am 
sure  that  no  one  will  think  that 
the  honors  have  been  ill  be- 
stowed." 

The  distinguished  lawyer, 
P.  Pemherton  Morris,  Esq.,  re- 
tiring from  the  faculty  at  this 
time,  after  a  professorship  of 
more  than  twenty-five  years, 
Mr.  Bell  was  chosen  by  the 
Law  School  to  present  his  por- 
trait  to   the   University,   as  a 

perpetual  memorial  of  his  long  and  valuable  service,  which  had 
added  so  much  to  the  renown  of  the  Law  Department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania.  This  he  did  in  an  effective  address 
delivered  at  the  close  of  his  oration.  For  his  oration,  "A  Sketch 
of  Our  Government,"  he  received  much  praise. 

He  is  an  eloquent,  earnestand  convincing  speaker.  His  practice, 
which  is  a  general  one,  is  large  and  increasing.  He  is  well  known 
among  the  builders  throughout  the  city,  many  of  the  largest  of 
whom  are  represented  by  him. 

In  'S3-'S4  and  a  post  graduate  year  'S5,  he  was  half  back  on 
the  University  Eleven.  He  is  now  Chairman  of  the  Foot  Ball 
Association  and  Secretary  of  the  Athletic  Association  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania.  He  was  recently  married  to  Miss  Flcur- 
ette  tie  Benneville  Myers,  daughter  of  Hon.  Leonard  Myers  and 
granddaughter  of  Mrs.  Harriet  de  Benneville  Keim. 


Henry  Howson 


HOWSON  &   HOWSON 

The  day  is  long  past  when  the  lucky  inventor  was  compelled 
to  exhaust  both  money  and  time  in  his  efforts  to  secure  a  patent, 
and  then  after  all  to  retire  defeated  and  sell  the  work  of  his  brain 


to  some  capitalist  with  plenty  of  money  to  push  it  through.  The 
securing  of  patents  is  to-day  a  specialty  of  the  law  business,  because 
the  prompt  and  economical  performance  of  such  work  requires 
particular  material  and  office  organization  which  the  lawyer  who 
devotes  himself  to  this  special  branch  only  can  afford.  Few  gen- 
eral practitioners  care  to  take  up  patent  cases,  willingly  consenting 
that  this  particular  branch  should  be  left  to  the  specialists.  The 
Patent  Office  at  Washington  prints  and  distributes  gratuitously  the 
"Rules  of  Practice"  for  the  instruction  and  guidance  of  inventors, 
and  its  pages  show  most  clearly  the  necessity  in  the  care  of  the  se- 
lection of  a  "patent  solicitor." 

For  a  number  of  years  the  firm  of  Howson  &  Howson,  coun- 
sellors at  law  and  solicitors  ot  patents,  have  made  a  specialty  of 
the  soliciting  of  patents,  American  and  foreign  registering  of  trade 
marks  and  labels,  the  conducting  of  suits  in  the  courts  on  patents, 
trade  marks  and  copyrights.  Their  Philadelphia  house  was  estab- 
lished by  the  late  Mr.  Henry  Howson  in  1853,  since  which  time 
thousands  of  patents  have  been  applied  for  through  their  agencv 
and  they  have  been  counsels  in  patent  suits  in  the  United  States 
courts  and  litigated  cases  in 
the  Patent  Office.  The  Wash- 
ington branch  office,  now  in 
the  Atlantic  Building,  928  F 
Street,  was  opened  in  1868, 
and  in  1SS7  still  another  branch 
was  established  in  New  York, 
it  being  in  charge  of  one  of 
the  partners,  in  the  Po'.ter 
Building,  38  Tark  Row.  The 
Philadelphia  offices  are  in  the 
Forrest  Building,  119  South 
Fourth  Street.  "All  of  the 
offices  are  open  from  9  A.  M. 
to  5.30  P.  M.  for  general  busi- 
ness, closing  on  Saturdays, 
however,  at  4  P.  M.  The  com- 
pany does  not  carry  on  a  spec- 
ulative business,  does  not  re- 
ceive contingencies,  and  does 
not  make  its  fees  conditional 
on  the  securing  of  a  patent,  or 
undertake  to  return  fees  or 
parts  thereof  if  a  patent  is  not 
obtained.  These  competent 
solicitors  will  not  give  a  posi- 
tive opinion  as  to  the  inven- 
tion of  a  novelty  without  a 
special  examination,  such  as 
would  necessarily  cost  the 
client  considerably  more  than 
to  have  the  question  deter- 
mined at  once  by  the  Patent 
Office. 

Tile  prosecution  or  defense 
of  patent  suits  is  an  important 
branch  o  f  the  business  of 
Messrs.  Howson  &  Howson. 
They  have  managed  many  pat- 
ent litigations  in  the  courts 
and  in  the  Patent  Office.  The 
successful  patent  solicitor  is  a  patent  lawyer  to  the  extent  at 
least  of  being  thoroughly  conversant  with  the  rulings  of  the 
United  States  court  in  patent  cases,  and  this  the  Howson  & 
Howson  Company  claim  to  be,  for  by  these  rulings  the  practice  of 
the  Patent  Office  is  or  should  be  governed.  Messrs.  Howson  & 
Howson  have  coupled  the  practice  of  patent  soliciting  and  of  patent 
law,  and  thereby  have  secured  special  advantages  for  the  prosecu- 
tion of  both  branches. 

The  late  Henrv  Howson,  who  gained  such  prominence  in  this 
country  as  a  patent  lawyer  and  solicitor,  was  born  in  Yorkshire, 
England,  in  1S23.  His  father  was  the  Rev.  John  Howson,  for  a 
number  of  years  a  master  of  the  grammar  school  at  Giggleswick,  in 
that  county.  He  was  the  brother  of  the  lateRev.  J.  S.  Howson,  D.D., 
well  known  as  the  Dean  of  Chester.  Henry  Howson  received  a  fair 
classical  education  at  his  father's  school.  He  was  apprenticed  to  the 
London  engineering  firm  of  William  Fairbairn  &  Co.,  and  there  he 
went  through  a  complete  mechanical  and  engineering  training.  He 
served  his  time  with  Fairbairn  &  Co.,  and  then  went  into  the  es- 
tablishment of  James  Nasmyth,  the  famous  inventor  of  the  steam 
hammer,  as  chief  draughtsman  and  designer.  After  that  for  a 
while  he  was  with  his  brother,  Richard  Howson,  as  a  patent  agent 
in  Manchester.    Mr.  Richard  Howson  is  now  of  Middlcborough-on- 


;."»[  -*>   *'fljfr 

1  .''3 

1 

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p^k             pf^E,  ' 

"■     1.    • 

PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


DETECTIVE  AGENCY. 


Tecs,  England,  and  a  well  known  metallurgical  engineer.  Henry 
Howson  came  to  the  United  States  early  in  1851  and  settled  in 
Philadelphia.  He  was  employed  as  designer  in  various  mechanical 
and  engineering  establishments,  but  made  his  chief  successes  in 
the  house  of  Sutton  &  Co.  Among  his  many  designs  of  engineer- 
ing and  mechanical  works  during  this  period  were  several  pumping 
engines  for  the  Philadelphia  Water  Works  and  the  West  Philadel- 
phia stand-pipe  recently  removed  to  the  Spring  Garden  Pumping 
Station. 

He  died  on  February  12,  1885.  He  had  been  in  this  country 
but  a  few  vcars  when  he  commenced  practice  as  a  solicitor  of 
patents,  and  he  pursued  that  business  up  to  the  time  of  his  death. 
For  over  thirty  years  he  commanded  a  large  clientage,  and  in  due 
course  of  time  he  associated 
with  nim  in  the  patent  cause 
business  his  two  sons,  Charles 
and  Henry.  Early  in  life  he 
wrote  considerably  for  me- 
chanical papers,  but  later  on 
he  devoted  his  abilities  to 
works  appertaining  to  patents, 
among  which  may  be  men- 
tioned, "Our  Country's  Debt 
to  Patents,"  "  Patents  and  the 
Useful  Arts,"  "The  American 
Patent  System,"  "A  Brief 
Treatise  on  Patents."  The  last 
two  mentioned  works  were 
written  in  collaboration  with 
his  son  Charles.  He  had  great 
interest  in  everything  pertain- 
ing to  patents,  and  at  the  time 
of  his  death  there  were  over 
6000  volumes  on  this  subject 
alone  in  his  library.  Mr.  How- 
son  was  always  active  in  the 
interest  of  inventors,  pleading 
for  needed  reforms  in  Patent 
Office  law  and  rules  of  prac- 
tice. He  was  chiefly  instru- 
mental in  bringing  about  the 
order  of  the  Commissioner  of 
Patents  dispensing  with  the 
requirements  of  models  with 
application  of  patents.  This 
order,  he  showed,  was  an  un- 
necessary and  grievous  burden 
upon  inventors.  One  of  the 
aims  of  Mr.  Howson 's  life  was 
to  show  by  comparison  the 
availability  for  decorative  uses 
of  many  varieties  of  American 
wood  ignored  by  wood  work- 
ers.    He  died  before   he  could 

fully  carrv  out  his  purpose,  although  the  collection  at  the  time  ot 
his  death  included  nearly  2000  handsomely  finished  specimens.  Mr. 
Howson  was  twice  married.  His  first  wife  died  before  he  came  to 
America,  and  his  second  wife,  a  daughter  of  Captain  Daniel  Braw- 
ton,  of  Philadelphia,  survived  him  but  a  year.  The  firm  as  at 
present  consists  of  Charles  and  Henry  Howson,  sons  of  the  founder, 
and  Herbert  Howson,  a  nephew. 


Benjamin   Franklin 


BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN 

Benjamin  Franklin  is  the  principal  of  the  well  known  Franklin 
Detective  Agency.  He  is  one  of  the  oldest  ani  most  honored  citi- 
zens of  Philadelphia,  and  as  he  is  the  bearer  of  a  historic  and  re- 
vered name  in  American  history,  so  he  has  kept  it  untarnished,  and 
by  his  strong  personality  and  unswerving  integrity  has  doubly  inter- 


woven the  name  of  Benjamin  Franklin  into  the  history  of  the  coun- 
try, and  more  especially  in  the  records  of  tire  city  of  Philadelphia. 
The  Benjamin  Franklin  who  is  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born 
atTamaqua,  Schuylkill  County,  in  1S30,  and  he  was  educated  for  a 
civil  engineer  at  Pottsville.  He  came  to  Philadelphia  in  184S  and 
so  identified  himself  with  the  officials  of  the  city  that  in  1S54,  when 
the  city  was  consolidated  and  Robert  T.  Conrad  was  elected  the  first 
Mayor  under  the  new  charter,  young  Benjamin  Franklin  was  ap- 
pointed as  High  Constable,  which  was  then  the  highest  office  in  the 
gift  of  the  Mayor.  Before  that  time  the  police  department  had  been 
governed  by  the  Marshal  of  Police,  but  after  the  consolidation  the 
High  Constable  held  supreme  power.  Mr.  Franklin  was  re-ap- 
pointed by  Mayor  Henry  in  1S58.  He  was  subsequently  made 
Chief  of  the  Detective  Service, 
and  occupied  that  position 
during  the  term  of  office  of 
Mayor  Morton  McMichael.  In 
1865  young  Franklin  was  ac- 
tive in  raising  soldiers  for  Han- 
cock's Corps  and  he  collected 
the  last  draft  that  was  made 
from  Philadelphia.  Mr.  Frank- 
lin continued  his  official  duties 
until  1S70,  when  he  started 
upon  a  new  and  successful 
career  as  a  private  detective. 

During  his  long  term  of 
office,  Mr.  Franklin  was  con- 
nected and  engaged  actively  in 
the  following  celebrated  cases  : 
The  investigation  of  the  Molly 
Maguires  in  Schuylkill  Coun- 
ty, which  lasted  four  years  and 
which  was  under  the  sole 
charge  of  Mr.  Franklin.  The 
notorious  Whitaker  will  case, 
which  was  considered  the 
greatest  conspiracy  ever  un- 
earthed after  the  Molly  Ma- 
guire  affair,  and  which  resulted 
in  the  imprisonment  of  Lawyer 
Dickinson  for  ten  years.  John 
C.  Bullitt  was  the  counsel  for 
the  legitimate  heirs.  The  ar- 
rest of  Antony  Probst  for  the 
murder  of  the  Deering  family  ; 
the  case  of  Gottlieb  Williams, 
who  murdered  Mr.  Miller,  on 
Button  wood,  above  Ninth 
street;  also  the  murder  case  of 
Aunt  Polly  Watts,  in  German- 
town,  by  a  man  named  Berger. 
The  Franklin  Detective 
Agency,  under  such  experi- 
enced guidance,  prospered  from  the  start,  and  in  18S7  the  business 
was  located  in  its  present  well-known  quarters,  at  the  southeast  cor- 
ner of  Broad  and  Chestnut  streets.  Mr.  Franklin  has  been  agent  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  for  over  twenty  years,  and  in  1887  he  was 
appointed  special  agent  for  the  Vanderbilt  system  of  lines  all  over 
the  country,  and  a  number  of  important  lines  in  the  New  England 
States.  The  business  has  developed  to  such  an  extent  that  5200,000 
a  year  is  turned  over,  and  the  agency  does  not  operate  for  reward, 
but  merely  charges  a  moderate  daily  fee.  From  thirty  to  forty 
detectives  are  continually  employed  ;  and  the  New  York  offices  are 
at  280  Broadway,  with'  branches  all  over  the  United  States  and 
Canada.  Of  this  important  and  prosperous  organization  Benjamin 
Franklin  is  the  head  and  front,  and  he  has  passed  through  his  long 
and  useful  career  without  a  reflection  on  his  character  or  a  blemish 
on  his  reputation.  On  the  contrary,  he  is  one  of  the  Quaker  City's 
most  honored  and  trusted  citizens. 


^W*^ 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  BELL  TELEPHONE  COMPANY. 


Philadelphia  may  be  called  the  home  of  the  telephone.  It  was 
at  the  Centennial  Exposition,  held  in  this  city  in  1876,  that  Prof. 
Alexander  Graham  Bell  exhibited  the  first  completed  instrument  and 
transmitted  over  wires  the  words,  "To  be,  or  not  to  be,"  which 
were  distinctly  heard  by  the  then  Emperor  of  Brazil,  Dom  Pedro, 
General  Grant  and  others.     It  was  at  the  Franklin  Institute,  in  this 


The  Bell  Telephone  Company  Building 


city,  that  a  gentleman  now  prominently  connected  with  telephone 
management  explained  to  eager  crowds  the  philosophy  of  the  in- 
vention, and  predicted  the  manifold  uses  to  which  it  was  adapted 
in  the  home,  office,  counting  house  and  manufactory  ;  and  here  in 
Philadelphia  the   Bell  Telephone  Company  was  organized  in  1879, 


including  among  its  executive  officers  some  of  the  ablest  pioneers 
in  the  study  of  electric  science,  whose  foresight  anticipated  results 
which  to  the  more  conservative  seemed  chimerical,  and  whose  en- 
terprise made  provision  for  utilizing  every  discovery  that  might  be 
made. 

Starting  with  the  line  system,  involving  the  use  of  hundreds 
of  wires,  where  one  suffices  now  with  the  metallic  circuit, 
and  with  the  primitive  hand  telephone,  which  seems  a  toy  when 
compared  with  the  perfected  instrument  now  in  use,  every  advance 
in  the  science,  many  of  which  were  made  by  its  own  officers,  has 
been  speedily  adapted  to  the  use  of  its  6000  subscribers,  who  now 
enjoy  every  possible  advantage,  almost  contemporary  with  its  dis- 
covery. 

Appreciating  the  great  advantage  to  be  gained  thereby, 
this  company  has  erected  what  is  believed  to  be  the  only  large 
building  in  the  world  entirely  devoted  to  telephone  purposes,  com- 
plete in  every  detail  of  construction  and  arrangement  to  meet 
every  requirement  of  the  present,  and  all  the  possibilities  of  the 
future  for  many  years  to  come.  This  building,  an  engraving  of 
which  is  published  in  this  connection,  has  just  been  erected  on  the 
site  of  what  are  Nos.  406  and  408  Market  street,  and  is  a  model  of 
completeness  and  architectural  skill  in  adapting  it  to  the  purposes 
intended.  It  is  four  stories  in  height,  each  of  which  is  twenty  feet 
in  the  clear  from  floor  to  ceiling.  The  basement  is  furnished  with 
engines  and  machinery  of  the  most  approved  designs  for  heating 
and  elevating  purposes,  and  the  ventilation  of  the  building  is  the 
nearest  approach  to  perfection  yet  attained.  The  temperature  is 
kept  at  a  fixed  point  by  means  of  electrical  apparatus  in  the  base- 
ment, which  automatically  admits  cold  air  wheu  the  thermometer 
registers  above  the  point  desired,  and  when  the  temperature  is  thus 
lowered  to  the  required  point  the  apparatus  shuts  off  the  draft  in 
the  same  manner. 

Into  this  part  of  the  building  the  underground  cables,  250  in 
all,  are  admitted,  each  containing  no  wires,  which  after  passing 
through  the  floor  above  are  separated,  and  passed  through  "protec- 
tors,'' an  ingenious  device  for  protection  against  dangerous  electric 
currents.  These  protectors  give  warning,  by  ringing  a  bell  in  the 
office,  of  the  contact  of  any  wire  with  electric  light  or  other  wires, 
or  of  interference  from  light  or  other  wires,  or  of  other  cause  with 
the  proper  working  of  any  line,  a  lever  dropping  into  a  numbered 
plate  designating  the  number  of  the  wire.  The  ringing  is  contin- 
ued until  the  lever  is  replaced,  thus  enabling  the  linemen  to  remove 
the  obstruction  immediately. 

On  the  ground  floors  the  wires  are  so  arranged  on  a  "cross-board" 
as  to  be  grouped  in  respect  to  the  locality,  the  "board"  enabling 
this  to  be  done  without  interference,  and  the  groups  there  formed 
are  again  returned  to  tubes,  each  cable  containing  204  wires,  and 
passing  through  to  the  first  floor. 

The  second  and  third  floors  are  devoted  to  the  executive  depart- 
ments. On  the  fourth  floor  is  placed  the  switchboard  for  the  oper- 
ators, the  most  wonderful  of  all  of  the  many  wonderful  appliances 
for  securing  prompt  and  efficient  service.  The  cables  pass  between 
the  double  floors  on  this  story  to  points  underneath  the  switch- 
board, and  the  wires  are  again  separated,  each  being  carried  through 
a  numbered  square  on  a  metal  plate  imbedded  in  vulcanized  rubber, 
so  as  to  secure  perfect  insulation.  On  the  ' '  board, ' '  which  is  eighty 
feet  long,  are  thus  arranged  20,000  wires,  or  10,000  circuits,  to  enable 
each  one  of  the  eighty  or  ninety  operators  to  make  any  desired 
connection  instantlv ;  and  in  the'  seemingly  complex  woven  web 
on  this  board  there'  are  over  2,500  miles  of  wire.  This  board  is 
known  as  the  Law  Switchboard,  and  is  the  most  perfect  one  ever 
constructed. 

Thus,  where  under  the  former  system  of  private  lines  subscrib- 
ers were  obliged  to  have  an  expert  at  each  end  of  the  line,  the  oper- 
ations of  the  telephone  have  been  brought  within  the  management 
of  a  child,  and  such  a  degree  of  perfection  has  been  attained,  that 
the  printing  by  telegraph,  such  as  was  in  use  in  brokers'  offices, 
has  been  superseded  by  the  effectual  and  swift  transmission  of  real 
sounds.  . 

The  telephone  svstem  in  Philadelphia  is  connected  with  the 
office  of  the  American"  Telephone  and  Telegraph  Company,  through 
which  connection  mav  be  had  by  direct  metallic  circuit  with  the 
principal  cities  and  towns  of  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Maryland, 
Counecticut,  Rhode  Island,  New  Jersey  and  the  District  of  Columbia, 
in  call  for  "long  distance." 

The  officers  of  the  companv  are  as  follows :  President,  James 
Merrihew;  Vice-President,  William  B.  Gill;  General  Manager,  Dr. 
Samuel  M.  Plush. 


Born  in  Liverpool.  England,  January  31,  1734 

Signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence  Financier  of  the  Revolution 

First  U.S.  Senator  from  Pennsylvania 

Died  May  7, 1806 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHlLADELPHlANS. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


i  B 


ANKING  is  a  business  which  when  properly  conducted 
is  always  successful,  but  to  attain  this  end  a  strict  and 
rigid  adherence  to  its  fundamental  principles  must  be 
observed.  It  is  a  science  of  the  most  intricate,  yet 
simple  kind,  and  the  banker  must  be  a  man  of  more  than 
ordinary  scope  to  meet  its  requirements.  There  must  needs 
be  a  total  abnegation  of  self,  a  complete  suppression  of  all  sentiment 
that  would  tempt  one  to  help  one's  friend  merely  because  he  is  a  friend, 
well  there  are  needed  the  cool  and  assured  judgment  to  discriminate 
without  prejudice  ;  the  patient  attention  and  the  power  to  weigh  facts  without 
regard  to  wrong  surrounding  conditions  ;  the  clear  insight  into  affairs  which  sets  aside 
the  veneer  and  enables  an  intelligent  appreciation  of  results  instead  of  theory,  or  of 
events  rather  than  causes.  And  with  these  in  the  first  place,  the  banker  must  possess  the 
ability  to  refuse  without  offense  or  prejudice,  and  the  calculating  power  which  is  cautious 
chiefly  because  enthusiasm  is  well  governed.  Never  too  doubtful,  nor  too  hopeful  :  bold  and 
confident  in  times  of  crisis  ;  timid  when  all  others  are  courageous.  Credit  and  its  development  must 
be  the  prime  objects  ;  speculation  discouraged  and  legitimate  enterprise  aided.  At  the  same  time  that 
conservatism  involving  a  general  disbelief  must  be  tempered  with  the  liberality  insuring  progress. 
Armed  with  these  prerequisites  in  the  individual  or  the  individuals  to  whose  control  the  conduct  of  the 
institution  is  to  be  left,  the  door  to  success  is  open  and  waits  to  be  entered.  In  Philadelphia  among  the 
banking  institutions  these  points  are  appreciated  to  their  fullest  extent  and  are  made  prominent.  But  even 
then  it  is  not  entirely  on  them  that  the  strong  position  of  our  financial  concerns  rests  :  There  is  as  well  an 
induction  of  faith  among  the  community  in  general,  due  to  a  careful  selection  of  officials,  whose  names  are  as 
granite,  whose  reputations  are  unblemished,  whose  records  are  unstained.  With  such  sponsors  the  banking 
interests  of  Philadelphia  have  flourished,  and  their  solidity  is  unexcelled  by  that  of  any  other  city  in  the  United 
States.  In  the  matter  of  history  they  stand  as  co-ordinate  with  the  Republic  itself.  It  was  here  that  the  thirteen 
struggling  colonies  found  the  financial  talent  which  supplied  them  with  the  credit  and  the  money  needed  to  make 
the  new  nation  a  sturdy  stripling.  Here  that  with  the  country's  growth  from  year  to  year  the  financial  importance  kept  pace 
with  the  general  improvement  and  promoted  the  general  welfare.  It  was  to  Philadelphia  that  all  new  enterprises  looked  for 
encouragement  and  practical  assistance,  and  its  coffers  were  always  ready  and  willing  in  response.  And  nearly  thirty  years 
ago  when  the  United  States  was  in  its  darkest  hours  of  finance  and  necessity  demanded  that  reconstruction  of  the  banking 
system  which  produced  the  national  banks,  it  was  to  this  city  that  the  first  of  the  new  charters  was  issued.  That  step 
assured  the  complete  success  of  Chase's  plan,  for  where  a  Philadelphia  institution  led  the  way,  that  way  was  safe.  Nor  was 
this  all.  It  was  only  a  further  step  to  assure  the  turn  of  the  then  financial  crisis  in  a  land  hardly  yet  recovered  from  the 
panic  of  1S57,  that  the  government  should  find  in  Philadelphia  the  financial  enterprise  and  the  financial  talent  to  furnish  it 
the  funds  so  absolutely  needed,  through  the  prompt  and  heavy  purchases  of  bonds  which  when  Philadelphia  took  them  were 
no  longer  discredited.  New  York  has  laid  claim  to  having  been  the  first  to  come  forward  at  that  critical  period  and  to  have 
saved  the  government  then,  but  no  fair-minded  man  will  venture  to  cavil  the  fact  that  it  was  Philadelphia  and  a  Philadelphia 
banker  to  whom  the  real  credit  is  due.  While  there  was  the  doubt,  the  terrible  uncertainty,  the  maximum  of  chance  of  loss, 
this  city  saved  the  day  by  quiet  and  effective  work.  Afterwards  when  that  work  had  had  effect  others  joined  in,  and  no 
matter  how  much  argument  may  be  wasted  on  the  subject,  or  how  much  talk  indulged  in  as  to  it,  the  fact  remains  that  at 
the  proper  time  the  Philadelphia  financiers  were  awake  and  doing,  while  others  slumbered  and  despaired.  And  so  down  to 
the  present  day  the  high  position  of  the  banking  interests  of  Philadelphia  has  always  been  maintained.  There  have  been 
times  of  trouble  and  cloud,  but  the  dangers  have  been  averted  and  the  storms  ridden  out  safely.  The  spirit  of  competition, 
always  friendly,  turns  to  give  place  to  a  strong  brotherhood  in  periods  of  need,  when,  banded  firmly  together  as  a  single 
interest,  the  energy  and  ability  predominate  over  the  caution  which  even  then  never  recedes  entirely,  and  the  community  rests 
assured  in  the  belief  that  in  its  banks  and  bankers  and  banking  institutions,  Philadelphia  has  something  to  be  justly  proud 
of.  The  proportionate  amount  of  capital  invested  in  banking  in  this  city  is  unusually  great,  and  divided  as  it  is  among  a 
large  number  of  subscribers  it  is  fair  to  assume  that  we  are  quite  as  much  of  a  financial  as  a  manufacturing  people.  And 
these  are  all  legitimate  enterprises  ;  any  speculative  or  uncertain  blot  is  quickly  detected  and  promptly  eradicated  ;  and  it  is 
only  by  a  close  adherence  to  the  correct  rules  of  the  profession  that  banking  in  Philadelphia  has  reached  its  present  height 
and  firm  position.  The  following  statement  of  the  condition  of  the  National  Banks,  Trust  Companies  and  Savings  Banks 
for  the  years  1880  and  1S90,  is  compiled  from  the  returns  for  these  years,  as  far  as  made  : 


National  Banks 

State  Banks  and  Trust  Companies 

Savings  Banks 

Deposits 
1S90 

Contingent 
Fund 

Date 

Banks 

Capital 

Surplus 

Deposits 

Date    Banks 

Capital    j    Surplus 

Deposits 

Beneficial  Savings  Society  Fund   . 

Philadelphia  " 

Western            "            " 

Savings  Society  Fund,  Germautown 

$  4.56S,ooo 
31,260,000 
7,275.«o 
2,297,000 

$45,460,000 

$     631,000 

i8qo 

1SS0 

45 
29 

$23,808,000 
l7,5S8,ooo 

$12,982,858 
8,362,300 

$91 ,999,000 
52,606,550 

1S90 

41 

$33,241,600  1  $10,132,600 
7,643,560  1  No  return 

$3S,36l,ooo 
No  return 

782,000 
179,000 

Increase  16      1  J  6,550,000 

%  4,620,558 

$39,392,250 

Inerea 

se  30      I  $25,598,000  1 

$  4,106,000 

Total  Deposits  returned  .  .  $178,820/ 


Deposits  estimated  about .  .  $190,000,000 


PHILADELPHIA  AMD  POPULAP  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


BANK  OF  NORTH  AMERICA 

The  reader  of  the  history  of  the  financial  institutions  of  Phila- 
delphia, will  find  many  interesting  reminiscences  and  associations 
clustering  around  the  Bank  of  North  America,  which  impart  to  it 
a  degree  of  importance  among  the  banking  houses  of  the  city,  by 
whose  able  management  and  guiding  power,  the  great  industries  of 
the  city  have  been  fostered  and  promoted. 

Tliere  are  many  reasons  why  the  Bank  of  North  America  car- 
ries about  itself  an  air  of  importance.  Itsageisone  point.  It  is 
coeval  with  the  Republic  itself.  It  is  the  first  banking  institution 
founded  in  the  United  States.  Organized  during  the  throes  of  the 
Revolution,  when  "public  credit  had  gone  to  wreck,"  the  bank 
afforded  an  assistance  to  the  Govern- 
ment without  which  the  "business 
of  the  Department  of  Finance  could 
not  have  been  performed." 

On  May  17,  1781,  Robert  Morris, 
assisted  by  Alexander  Hamilton  and 
Governeur  Morris,  presented  to 
Congress  his  plan  for  the  establish- 
ment of  the  Bank  of  North  America. 
By  resolution  of  Congress,  May  26, 
17S1,  the  subscribers  were  incorpor- 
ated under  the  name  of  "  The  Presi- 
dent, Directors  and  Company  of  the 
Hank  of  North  America."  The 
original  capital  was  to  be  $;oo,ooo  in 
shares  of  $400  each  ;  subscriptions 
came  in  at  first  so  slowly  that  great 
uneasiness  was  felt  as  to  the  success 
of  the  Bank.  It  was  not  until  the 
fall  of  17S1,  that  the  subscriptions 
presented  a  respectable  appearance, 
and  the  stockholders  resolved  upon 
organization.  For  this  purpose  they 
met  at  the  City  Tavern,  November 
1,  [781,  and  selected  the  following 
Board  of  Directors :  Thomas  Will- 
ing, James  Wilson,  Cadwalader  Mor- 
ris, Samuel  Meredith,  Thomas  Fitz- 
siinmons.  Henrv  Hill,  Andrew  Cald- 
well, William  Bingham,  John  Max- 
well Nesbit.  Samuel  Osgood,  Samuel 
Ingles  and  Timothy  Matlack. 

Thomas  Willing  was  elected 
President,  and  Tench  Francis,  Cash- 
ier. The  final  Act  of  Incorporation 
was  passed  by  Congress,  December 
31,  17S1,  and  operations  commenced 
January  7,  17S2,  in  the  store  of  the 
Cashier,  Tench  Francis,  on  the  north 
side  of  Chestnut  street,  west  of 
Third. 

It  was  not  until  the  fall  of  1782 
that  the  Bank  succeeded  in  estab- 
lishing itself  in  the  confidence  of  the 
community.  Money  was  scarce — 
subscriptions  were  not  paid  as  agreed 
and  the  circulating  notes  of  the 
Bank  were  returned  very  speedily 
for  redemption.  By  November,  how- 
ever, the  public  had  experienced  the 
good  effect  of  the  Bank  upon  busi- 
ness of  all  kinds,  confidence  came  and  the  Bank  secured  the  recog- 
nition of  several  of  the  States. 

March  26,  17S2,  the  Bank  obtained  a  Charter  from  the  State  of 
Pennsylvania  in  order  to  free  it  from  the  doubts  as  to  the  validity 
of  the  charter  granted  by  Congress.  In  the  year  following,  the 
transactions  of  the  Bank  with  the  Government  became  very  large. 
It  advanced  money  to  the  Government,  State  and  the  City— "The 
instances  of  its  services  were  innumerable."  June  13,  17S4,  the 
capital  was  increased  to  $830,000  in  shares  of  $400. 

March  25,  17S5,  under  great  pressure,  owing  to  the  scarcity  of 
money,  the  curtailment  of  accommodations,  owing  to  the  general 
prostration  of  business  caused  by  war,  a  bill  was  reported  in  the 
Legislature  of  the  State  annulling  the  Charter,  which  became  a  law 
September  13.  Deprived  of  its  State  Charter,  the  Bank  turned  to 
Congress  for  relief — obtaining  none,  it  sought  and  obtained  a  Char- 
ter from  the  State  of  Delaware.  In  1787  an  effort  was  again  made 
to  obtain  a  State  Charter,  which  was  granted  though  accompanied 
with  very  unsatisfactory  restrictions.      From  this  time  on  the  busi- 


Bank  of  North  America 


ness  of  the  Bank  increased  rapidly  and  dividends  were  declared  at 
twelve  per  cent.  President  Willing  resigned  January  9,  1792,  and 
John  Nixon  was  elected  President. 

March  20,    1799,  the  Legislature  extended  the  Charter  for  a 
period  of  fourteen  years  from  1801. 

During  the  war  of  181 2,  the  Government  again  received  great 
assistance  from  the  Bank.  March  14,  1814,  the  Legislature  renewed 
the  Bank  Charter  for  ten  years,  keeping  the  old  and  adding  new  re- 
strictions— capital  restricted  to  Si, 000, 000.  March  21,  1825,  the 
Charter  was  again  renewed  and  the  title  changed  to  "The  Bank  of 
North  America."  In  the  panic  of  1837,  the  Philadelphia  banks  sus- 
pended specie  payment,  and  in  1842,  the  assets  of  the  Bank  had 
become  so  much  depreciated  that  application  was  made  to  the  Leg- 
islature for  a  reduction  of  capital, 
which  was  reduced  March  24,  1843, 
to  $750,000,  and  the  par  value  of 
shares  to  $300.  The  Charter  was 
renewed  April  S,  1846,  and  the  par 
value  of  shares  made  5ioo.  March 
11,  1S48,  the  Bank  removed  to  its 
new  building,  now  occupied,  on 
Chestnut  street  west  of  Third.  April 
26,  1853,  the  Charter  was  renewed 
for  twenty  years.  September  26, 
1857,  during  the  panic  of  that  year, 
the  Bank  suspended.  Resumption 
of  specie  payments  after  1S57  was 
gradual  and  steady  progress,  until 
the  alarming  condition  produced  by 
approaching  war,  caused  in  1861  a 
general  suspension  of  specie  pay- 
ments which  were  not  resumed  until 
1879. 

It  was  made  a  National  Bank  in 
December,  1S64,  and  to-day  is  the 
oldest  Bank  in  the  State,  ami  one  of 
the  strongest  financial  institutions 
of  the  country.  Its  capital  is 
$1, 000, 000.  Surplus  and  undivided 
profits  January  1,  1S91,  $1,573, Syr.So. 
The  solidity  of  the  Bank  of  North 
America  is  assured  by  a  glance  at 
the  names  of  its  officers  and  ad- 
visers, all  men  of  tried  experience 
and  undoubted  financial  ability, 
caution  and  integrity. 

Jno.  H.  Michener,  president; 
Charles  S.  Lewis,  Israel  Morris.  Win. 
G.  Audenricd,  Lemuel  Coffin,  Geo. 
W.  Fiss,  Clement  A.  Griscom,  Win. 
Simpson.  Jr..  Theo.  C.  Search.  Rich- 
ard H.  Downing,  Samuel  B.  Brown, 
Wm.  D.  Winsor,  directors;  John  H. 
Watt,  cashier;  Jas.  C.  Pinkerton, 
assistant  cashier. 

Its  correspondents  are  the  Bank 
of  New  York  ;  Atlantic  National, 
Boston  ;  Merchants'  National.  Balti- 
more ;  National  Bank  of  Illinois, 
Chicago. 

By  the  report,  July  9,  1S91,  the 
Bank's  condition  is  as  follows,  viz  : 


LIABILITIES. 


Capital  Stock  . 

Surplus 

Undivided  Profits 

Dividends  Unpaid 

Circulation 

Due  to  Banks  and  Bankers 

Individual  Deposits    . 


RESOURCES. 


Loans  and  Discounts 

United  States  Bonds 

Banking  House 

Cash     '. 

Due  from  Banks  and  Banker 

Treasurer  United  States 


51,000,000.00 

1,200.000  00 

298,254.15 

43,024.00 

45.000.00 

92 1,690.2s 

5,261,437.21 

58,769,405.64 

55,S09,3oS.3O 

50,000.00 

65,000.00 

2,187,541.43 

655-308.91 

2,250.00 

5S.769.405.64 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


FIRST   NATIONAL   BANK 

The  First  National  Bank  is  one  of  Philadelphia's  most  solid 
and  substantial  institutions.  It  is  as  firm  in  its  financial  position  as 
the  massive  building  in  which  it  carries  on  its  business,  and  it  is 
proud  of  the  honor  of  being  the  first  National  Bank  ever  chartered 
in  the  United  States  nnder  the  National  Banking  Laws  of  1863. 
The  First  National  was  incorporated  on  January  10,  1S63,  and  was 
chartered  at  the  same  time,  as  No.  r,  of  all  the  National   Banks   of 


First  National  Bank 

the  United  States.  A  meeting  of  prominent  merchants  had  been 
previously  called  at  the  residence  of  O.  W.  Davis,  No.  120S  Walnut 
street,  and  then  the  necessity  of  a  new  bank  was  discussed  and  the 
preliminaries  formulated.  Among  the  originators  of  the  Bank  then 
present  were  Jos.  F.  Tobias,  Clarence  H.  Clark,  Stephen  Caldwell, 
Winfield  Scott  Russell,  Jas.  A.  Wright  and  Morton  McMichael,  Jr. 
The  first  offices  of  the  Bank  were  at  the  S.  E.  cor.  Third  and  Chest- 
nut streets.  The  capital  stock  was  5250,000  divided  into  2500  shares 
at  $100  each.  Managed  as  it  was  by  men  of  integrity  and  sound 
business  character,  the  Bank  prospered  from  the  start,  and  a  fine  con- 
servative and  lasting  business  was  graduallv  but  surelv  built  up. 
In  a  year  the  capital  stock  was  increased  to  5500,000,  the  shares  be- 
iug  rapidly  bought  up,  and  two  years'  subsequently  the  capital   was 


again  increased  to  |i, 000,000.     After  three  years'  prosperity  at  the 
corner  of  Third  and  Chestnut  streets  more  spacious  and  convenient 
offices  were  needed  by  the  management.     A  splendid  site  was  ac- 
cordingly purchased  at  Nos.  313-15-17  Chestnut  street,  and  there 
the  present  substantial  building  was  erected  by  John  Rice.     It   is  a 
plain  and  massive  structure  of  gray  granite  with  heavy   columns 
and  imposing  entrance.     It  fronts  on  Chestnut  street  58;^  feet  and 
has  a  depth  of  150  feet.     The  main  offices  of  the  Bank  are  sixty  feet 
high  and  are   as  business-like   in   their  solidity   as  they  are  im- 
posing from  their  simplicity.     The  business 
of  the  Bank  is  carried  on  under  the  most  con- 
servative principles.    The  first  president  was 
Oliver  W.  Davis,  whose  term  of  office,  how- 
ever, was   less  than   a  year,  then   Clarence 
H.  Clark   was  called   to  the  helm   and    no 
change  took  place  again  until  1873,  when  the 
present  popular  president,   George   Philler, 
was  called  to  the  office,  and  he  has  success- 
fully and  faithfully  steered  the  financial  ship 
ever  since.     No   bank   in   Philadelphia   has 
changed  its  officers  less  than  the  First  Na- 
tional.    With  the  exception  of  the  president 
and  a  few  changes  in  the  directors,  all  the 
original   officers  are  still   at  work.     Morton 
McMichael,  Jr.,   the   cashier,   was    the   first 
officer  appointed,  and  he  has  proved  one  of 
the  strongest  pillars  of  the  corporation,  from 
his  sure  business  instinct  and  sound  common 
sense.     Mr.    McMichael   was   born   in    1836, 
and  he    has   been    prominent    in   financial 
circles  all   his  life.     He  is  president  of  the 
American  Bankers  Association.     The   other 
executive  officers  are  :  Assistant  cashier,  Ken- 
ton Warne  ;    directors,  George  Philler,  James 
A.  Wright,    H.  C.  Gibson.  John  F.  Betz  and 
J.  Tatnall  Lea,  Amos  L.  Little  and  J.  W.  M. 
Carde/.a.      The   discount  days  are  Tuesdays 
anil   Fridays.     The  First  National  Bank  is  a 
sterling  monument  to  the  advantage  of  sound 
business   management  allied   to   honor   and 
integrity,  and  its  present  reputation,  after  a 
quarter  of  a  century's  good  work,  is  so  solid 
on  its  foundation  that  it  will  last  as  long  as 
the  good  city  of  Philadelphia  exists,  and  that 
means  forever.     The  volume  of  business  has 
steadily   increased   until    it   has  a  clientele 
second  to  no  other  institution  of  its  kind  in 
the  city.      Its  resources  have  mounted   up 
until   they   aggregate   nearly    nine  millions 
and  its  surplus  fund  is  half  a  million. 

The  following  is  a  report  of  the  condi- 
tion of  the  First  National  Bank  at  the  close 
of  business  on  May  4,  1S91  : 


RESOURCES. 
Loans,  Discounts  and  Investments  . 
Due  from   Banks 
Cash  and  Reserve 


LIABILITIES. 


Capital  Stock 
Surplus  and  Profits 
Deposits 
Circulation 


S6,i59.927-29 

679.95°-i7 

3,434,774-94 

$10,274,652.40 

51,000,000.00 

76°w75-59 

8,468,876.81 

45,000.00 

310,274,652.40 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


THE  PHILADELPHIA   NATIONAL   BANK 

The  history  of  this  bank  carries  the  reader  back  to  the  early 
days  of  the  republic,  when  after  the  Revolution,  commerce,  in- 
dustry and  finance  had  found  their  way  back  to  natural  channels, 
from  which  they  hail  been  diverted  by  the  long  war,  and  had  begun 
to  participate  in  the  advantages  of  peace.  Specie  had  begun  to  re- 
turn to  the  country,  but  the  amount  available  for  banking  capital 
was  very  limited  and  operations  were  conducted  on  the  basis  of 
paper  money  which  yielded  large  profits  and  the 
practice  grew  in  the  State  Legislature  of  demand- 
ing large  bonus  for  charters  to  banking  companies. 
L'nder  these  circumstances,  the  Philadelphia  Bank 
was  formed  in  1S03  with  a  capital  of  $1, 000,000,  and 
incorporated  in  1S04,  upon  conditions  of  paying 
5135,000  cash,  permitting  the  Governor  to  subscribe 
for  3000  shares  and  to  pay  therefor  5300,000,  in  six 
per  cent,  stock  of  the  United  States,  which  was  at 
that  time  ten  per  cent,  below  par;  to  loan  the  State 
when  required,  the  sum  of  $100,000,  at  five  per 
cent,  for  ten  years  and  the  privilege  of  subscribing 
5200,000  at  the  end  of  four  years,  and  at  the  end  of 
eight  years  to  subscribe  another  $200,000,  on  the 
part  of  the  State,  both  sums  to  be  at  par.  The 
enormous  bonus  paid  by  the  bank,  and  other  priv- 
ileges granted  to  the  State,  were  necessary  in  con- 
sequence of  the  violent  opposition  to  the  institu- 
tion which  was  manifested  by  the  Bank  of  Penn- 
sylvania (which  was  incorporated  in  1793  fortwentv 
years,  with  a  capital  of  $2,000,000),  and  the  offer 
on  the  part  of  that  bank  to  pay  $200,000  to  the 
State,  provided  no  new  bank  should  be  incoqjor- 
atcd.  Under  these  strange  conditions  the  Phila- 
delphia Bank  began  operations. 

The  bank  was  at  first  located  on  the  southwest 
corner  of  Fourth  and  Chestnut  streets,  now  occupied 
by  the  Wood  building.  The  bank  was  a  rough  cast, 
<[ticer-looking  Gothic  building,  with  a  great,  wide 
and  high  arch  of  entrance  on  Fourth  street.  It  oc- 
cupied the  southern  half  of  the  lot.  The  northern 
half  was  vacant  ground,  inclosed  with  a  wall  and 
railing  on  Fourth  and  on  Chestnut  streets.  The 
building  was  removed  in  1S36,  to  give  place  to  a 
marble  structure  which  was  occupied  by  the  Phila- 
delphia Bank  until  its  removal  to  the  granite  build- 
ing nearly  opposite.  The  first  president  of  the  bank 
was  George  Clymer,  the  first  cashier,  James  Todd. 
With  one  exception  it  is  the  oldest  bank  in  the 
city  and  in  its  history  can  be  traced  the  course  of 
financial  fluctuations  which  have  shaken  the  foun- 
dations and  wrecked  many  solid  institutions  among 
its  cotemporaries  :  during  the  suspension  of  specie 
payments  in  18 14;  through  the  decade  of  1S20  to  1S30  which  was 
one  of  bankruptcy  and  fraud  on  the  part  of  "  Freebooter  Banks  ;" 
during  the  panic  of  1837  and  the  suspension  of  specie  payments 
following;  the  suspension  of  specie  payments  again  in  1  S3 7,  fol- 
lowed closely  by  a  general  suspension  caused  by  the  civil  war  from 
1861 to  1879. 

In  1S64  it  was  made  a  National  Bank.  The  present  capital  is 
$1,500,000.  Surplus  and  undivided  profits  $1,117,802.33.  Total  re- 
sources 59,26r,22o.oS. 

The  Officers  and  Directors  are  :  Benjamin  B.  Comegys,  Presi- 
dent;  Edward  S.  Clarke,  gentleman;  Augustus  Heaton,  gentle- 
man ;  J.  Livingston  Erringer,  President  of  The  Philadelphia  Trust, 
Safe  Deposit  and  Insurance  Company  ;  N.  Parker   Shortridge,  gent- 


leman ;  Edward  V.  Townsend,  President  of  The  Cambria  Iron  Com- 
pany ;  Richard  Ashhurst,  William  Wharton,  Jr.,  &  Couipanv.Inc, 
Railroad  Supplies  ;  Charles  C.  Harrison,  The  Franklin  Sugar  Re- 
fining Company  ;  Alfred  M.  Collins,  A.  M.  Collins  Manufacturing 
Company,  Card  Board  ;  Eugene  Delano,  Brown  Brothers  &  Com- 
pany, Bankers  ;  Lincoln  Godfrey,  William  Simpson,  Sons  &  Com- 
pany, Dry  Goods  ;  John  H.  Converse,  Buruham,  Williams  &  Com- 
pany, Baldwin  Locomotive  Works  ;  George  Wood,  R.  D.  Wood  & 
Sous,  Dry  Goods.    James  XV.  Torrey,  Cashier. 


The   Philadelph 


Loans  and  discounts   . 
Banking  house  and  lot 
Due  from  banks 
Cash  and  reserve 


RESOURCES. 


LIABILITIES. 


Capital  stock 
Surplus  and  pr 
Circulation 
Deposits 


55,852,060.44 

250,000.00 

429,216.72 

2,729,942.92 

$0,261, 220.0S 
$1,500,000.00 

1,117,802.33 

43, ,840.00 

6.599.577-75 

$9,261,220.00 


68 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


CONSOLIDATION  NATIONAL  BANK 

This  old  and  substantial  institution  wliich  for  thirty-six  years 
has  been  one  of  the  representative  monetary  concerns  of  the  city, 
was  organized  in  1S55,  as  a  State  Bank,  by  Act  of  Legislature  with 
a  capital  of  $300,000,  and  through  all  the  great  financial  crises  of  the 
intervening  eventful  periods  it  has  passed  with  credit  unimpaired. 

The  business  was  at   first  conducted  in  the  historic  building 


Consolidation   National   Bank 


known  as  "Old  Commissioners'  Hall,"  on  Third  street  below  Green, 
and  in  1S57  the  corporation  erected  their  substantial  and  imposing 
building  on  Third  street  above  Vine  street,  which  they  have  since 
occupied  without  interruption.  This  building  as  to  its  exterior  is 
handsome  in  design  and  is  of  brown  stone,  and  the  internal  arrange- 
ments and  appointments  are  admirably  adapted  to  banking  pur- 
poses. 

The  first  president  was  James  V.  Watson,  the  present  executive 
head  of  the  institution,  who  has  filled  the  responsible  position  with 
that  prudence  and  ability  which  stamps  him  a  financier  of  judg- 
ment and  exceptional  worth.     The  first  cashier  was  Joseph  N.  Pier- 


sol,  a  man  of  decided  financial  ability,  who  discharged  the  duties  of 
his  responsible  office  until  he  was  elected  City  Treasurer  in  1S67. 
He  was  succeeded  by  William  H.  Webb  who  occupied  the  po- 
sition until  his  death  in  1S90,  when  his  brother,  Edwin  H.  Webb, 
the  present  able  cashier,  was  elected  to  fill  his  place. 

The  Bank  was  incorporated  under  the   National   banking  laws 
as  the  Consolidation  National  Bank,  in  1S63,  from  which  time  for- 
ward it  has  taken  prominent  place  among  the  National  Banks  of 
the  Union. 

The  Bank  is  provided  with  all  the  modern  devices 
for  security  of  moneys  and  other  valuables,  and  with 
every  facility  for  expediting  business  and  for  conve- 
nience and  comfort  of  depositors,  etc.  The  management 
of  affairs  from  the  beginning  has  been  characterized  by 
the  most  watchful  care  and  prudence  which  insures 
success,  and  from  its  inception  the  stockholders  have 
realized  twelve  per  cent,  per  annum  on  their  invest- 
ments in  the  bank  stock,  except  for  the  year  when  the 
new  bank  building  was  erected,  for  which  purpose  the 
dividends  were  absorbed.  That  the  management  of 
affairs  has  been  masterful,  is  evinced  from  the  fact  that 
the  surplus  and  undivided  profits  now  largely  exceed 
the  capital,  the  latter  amounting  to  $300,000,  and  the 
former  aggregating  over  $350,000,  a  showing  which  re- 
flects the  greatest  credit  on  the  officers  and  official 
board,  past  and  present,  and  maintains  the  confidence  of 
depositors  and  correspondents  in  this  solid  representa- 
tive Bank. 

The  deposits  average  from  $900,000  to  $[,100000, 
and  the  loans  and  discounts  aggregate  $1,200,000,  and  it 
goes  without  saying  that  the  Bank  has  been  a  potent 
factor  in  the  building  up  of  the  trade  and  industry  of 
Philadelphia,  which  has  made  her  the  commercial 
metropolis  of  the  country. 

Mr.  James  V.  Watson,  the  president  of  this  time- 
honored  institution,  is  one  of  Philadelphia's  most  valued 
citizens,  filling  many  important  positions  of  trust  and 
honor.  He  is  the  oldest  active  bank  president  in  the 
city.  He  is  the  Nestor  in  financial  circles  of  the  city, 
and  in  all  movements  for  the  general  good  he  has  been 
prominent.  He  is  a  director  of  Swarthmore  College, 
director  of  the  Western  Savings  Bank,  president  of  the 
Philadelphia  Clearing  House,  and  is  largely  interested 
in  the  House  of  Refuge,  of  whose  Board  of  Officers  he 
is  the  vice-president. 

The  vice-president  of  the  Bank  is  Mr.  Edward  H. 
Ogden,  a  gent'eman  held  in  high  esteem  by  his  friends 
and  the  customers  of  the  Bank. 

The  Board  of  Directors  is  composed  of  the  following 
gentlemen:  James  V.  Watson,  president;  Edward  H. 
Ogden,  vice  president ;  Robert  Shoemaker,  George 
Watson,  John  S.  Stevens,  S.  Robinson  Coale,  John  H. 
Bringhurst,  Benjamin  H.  Shoemaker,  Adam  H.  Warth- 
man,  Joseph  C.  Hance,  Joseph  B.  Vauduseu,  William 
L-  Elkins,  and  Samuel  Fox,  directors. 

RESOURCES, 
d  Discounts  ...... 


Loans 

United  States  Bonds 

Due  from  Darks  and  Bankers 

Cash  and  reserve 

Real  Estate    . 

Treasurer  United  States 


Capital  Stock 

Surplus 

Undivided  Profits 

Dividends  Unpaid 

Circulation 

Due  to  Banks  and  Bank 

Deposits 

Report  July  9,  1S91. 


LIABILITIES. 


$1,094,480.65 


$l,SoS,77l.34 
$    300,00000 


127.593-0 

977.915-34 

$1,808,771  34 


69 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


Girard   National    Bank 


Perhaps  one  of  the  most  interesting  financial  institutions  and 
one  more  immediately  connected  with  the  history  of  the  City  of 
Philadelphia,  is  the  Girard  National  Bank,  on  Third  street  below 
Chestnut.  Standing  as  it  does  m  the  centre  of  the  business  section 
of  one  of  the  greatest  commercial  cities  in  the  world,  the  stately 
white  marble  building,  with  its  massive  fluted  Doric  columns  and 
imposing  array  of  steps,  rears  itself  proudly  as  a  lasting  monument 
of  commercial  nobility  and  integrity,  and  as  a  noble  memory  of 
the  Quaker  City's  greatest  benefactor,  Stephen  Girard. 

The  construction  of  the  building  was  begun  in  1795,  and  fin- 
ished in  179S,  and  was  the  first  building  in  the  countrv  having  a 
marble  front. 

The  Bank  was  originally  established  by  Act  of  Congress  in 
1791,  as  the  first  Bank  of  the  United  States,  and  it  had  a  prosperous 
existence  until  1S1 1,  when  the  charter  having  expired  and  the  busi- 
ness having  been  successfully  closed  up,  the  building  was  purchased 
by  Stephen  Girard,  who  started  in  the  banking  business  after  his 
successful  career  as  a  merchant,  and  accumulated  the  great  fortune 
with  which  he  has  done  so  much  good  for  the  city  and  its  poorer 
inhabitants.  Stephen  Girard's  Bank  became  the  centre  of  financial 
transactions  and  business  prosperity. 

The  Bank  was  very  successfully  managed  until  December, 
1831,  when  Mr.  Girard  ended  his  long  and  useful  life.  Then 
.1  directorate  of  financiers  determined  to  continue  the  Bank, 
which  was  the  soundest  in  the  city,  and  to  perpetuate  the  memory 
of  the  great  merchant  and  philanthropist.  Accordingly  a  charter 
was  applied  for,  and  in  April,  1S32,  the  Girard  Bank  was  incorpor- 


ated, with  James  Schott  as  first  President,  and  William  D.  Lewis  as 
first  Cashier.  The  original  capital  was  $1, 500, 000,  which  was  con- 
sidered a  very  large  sum  in  those  days,  but  then  the  business  was 
exceptional.  After  the  disaster  of  lS.57.  the  capital  was  reduced  to 
Sr, 000, 000.  By  the  incoming  and  present  administration  the  Bank 
became  a  National  Bank  in  1864,  since  which  time  it  has  paid  a 
dividend  of  twelve  per  cent,  and  more  than  doubled  its  capital, 
and  under  the  presidency  of  President  D.  B.  Cummins,  it  now 
stands  in  the  foremost  rank  of  the  National  Banks  of  the  United 
States. 

The  present  Board  of  Directors  and  Executive  Officers  are  as 
follows :  President,  D.  B.  Cummins  ;  Vice  President,  Seth  Caldwell, 
Jr.:  Cashier,  J.  G.  Whiteman  ;  Assistant  Cashier,  John  Reeves  ;  Di- 
rectors, D.  B.  Cummins,  Seth  Caldwell,  Jr..  Francis  B.  Reeves,  John 
H.  Catherwood,  William  Gillespie,  Thomas  G.  Hood,  Harry  E.  West, 
Malcolm  Floyd,  George  H.  McFadden,  Daniel  Baugh,  George  E. 
Bartol,  W.  Beaumont  Whitney,  and  Harry  A.  Berwind.  Discount 
days  arc  Tuesdays  and  Fridays.  The  par  value  of  the  stock  is  5-(o. 
Nearly  even-  one  of  Philadelphia's  noted  financiers  and  commercial 
men,  have  at  various  times  been  connected  with  the  Girard  National 
Bank.  It  has  never  been  moved  by  monetary  cyclones  or  dullness 
of  business,  but  it  has  passed  along  the  corridors  of  time  calmly, 
peacefully  and  substantially.  It  is  as  solid  commercially  as  it  is 
massive  architecturally,  and  it  is  an  institution  to  which  all  good 
citizens  can  point  with  pride  and  reverence. 

The  capital  stock  paid  in  is  Ji, 000, 000.  The  surplus  and  un- 
divided profits,  July  9,  1S91,  51,315,109.82. 


PHILADELPHIA  AMD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


MECHANICS'  NATIONAL   BANK 

This  is  one  of  the  oldest  hanks  in  the  city,  and  some  account 
of  its  earlier  history  may  not  prove  uninteresting  reading.  It  was 
started  as  a  banking  association  in  1S04,  and  did  a  small  busi- 
ness up  to  ]Sog,  when  an  effort  was  made  to  obtain  a  charter  as  a 
State  bank.  In  those  days  this  was  not  so  easy  a  matter,  and  the 
charter  was  not  obtained  until  1S14,  and  the  State  exacted  a  liberal 
bonus  for  the  privilege.  For  the  obtaining  of  this  charter  and  two 
subsequent  renewals   no  less  than   £250,000  was   paid   the  State  as 


Mechanics'  National  Bank 

bonus  and  purchasing  exemption  from  State  taxes.  The  payment 
for  the  last  renewal  exempted  it  for  eight  years  longer,  but  when 
the  conversion,  in  1S64,  into  a  National  bank  took  place,  then  the 
State  authorities  claimed  State  taxes,  on  the  ground  that  the  con- 
version into  a  National  banking  association  cancelled  the  State's 
exemption.  The  taxes  were  paid  under  protest,  as  it  was  claimed 
by  the  bank  that  the  taxation  was  very  unjust  and  duplicated.  The 
original  capital  was  $200,000,  which  was  increased  in  1S31  to  $440,- 
000,  in  1S33  to  $700,000,  in  1S35  to  $1,034,740,  in  iS36to  $1,042,000, 
and  in  1839  to  $1,325,000.  It  was  reduced  in  1850  to  the  present 
capital,  $800,000.  The  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company  opened  its 
first  bank  account  in  this  bank.  Among  its  many  correspondents 
ill   its  earliest  infancy  were  the  Farmers'  and  Planters'  Bank,  of 


Baltimore,  the  Farmers'  Bank,  of  Lancaster,  the  Bank  of  Wilming- 
ton and  Brandywine,  of  Wilmington,  Del.,  the  State  Bank,  of  Cam- 
den, and  the  Montgomery  County  Bank,  of  Norristown,  and  all  of 
these  have  continued  in  uninterrupted  correspondence  ever  since 
and  to  this  day.  During  its  existence  as  a  State  bank,  from  1814  to 
1864,  it  paid  its  stockholders  in  dividends  the  large  sum  of  $3,298, - 
448,  havingpaid  various  semi-annual  dividends  of  from  one  cent  per 
share  in  1842  to  twenty-five  cents  per  share  in  1820  and  1821,  to 
the  maximum  dividend  of  20  per  cent,  in  1839,  and  during  this 
time  it  only  passed  four  dividend  periods,  to  wit:  twice  in  1819 
once  in  1820,  and  once  in  1S21.     In  1864  it  was  among 

— _  the  first  to  adopt  the  National  banking  system.     Since 

M  that  time  it  has  paid  uninterrupted  dividends  to  its 

Jk  stockholders,  aggregating  $1,988,000,  making  a  grand 

/  total  of  dividends  paid  its  stockholders  since  its  organ- 

/  ization  of  $5,286,448,  a  record  of  which  any  mstitu- 

/  tion  may  well  be  proud.     During  the  darkest  days  of 

the  Civil  War  this  bank  was  one  of  the  patriotic  band 
which  furnished  "  the  sinews  of  war,"  and  loaned  the 
Federal  Government  (July  and  August,  1S61),  $745,000, 
within  $55,000  of  its  entire  capital.  The  original  idea 
of  the  founders  of  the  bankiwas  to  encourage  mechanics 
to  deposit  their  savings,  and  the  list  of  stockholders 
was  naturally  very  large,  as  it  is  at  the  present  dav, 
there  being  many  small  holders  of  its  stock,  repre- 
senting the  early  savings  of  its  patrons.  Very  many 
of  the  shares  have  been  held  and  transmitted  from 
generation  to  generation,  so  that  at  the  present  dav 
there  are  nearly  700  stockholders.  The  location  of  the 
bank  has  always  been  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the 
imposing  edifice  now  occupied  by  it,  which  was  built 
in  1837,  and  of  which  a  good  copy  is  presented  on  this 
page.  It  is  located  on  the  west  side  of  South  Third 
street,  midway  between  Chestnut  and  Market  streets. 
To  attain  such  results  as  shown  In-  the  dividends,  pre- 
supposes an  intelligent  and  conservative  management, 
which  it  has  always  enjoyed,  and  at  no  time  to  a  greater 
degree  than  at  the  present. 

Its  present  officers  and  Board  of  Directors  are 
composed  of  some  of  the  ablest  and  most  successful 
business  men  of  Philadelphia,  and  most  of  its  patrons 
and  depositors  are  the  active  and  prominent  mer- 
chants, mechanics,  manufacturers  and  traders  of  the 
city.  The  President,  John  Rommel,  Jr.,  has  been 
connected  with  the  bank  nearly  a  score  of  years.  He 
was  first  a  director,  but  in  1S73  was  elected  Vice- 
President  and  Cashier,  which  offices  he  held  until  1SS0, 
when  he  was  unanimously  chosen  President,  a  position 
his  intelligence  and  conservativeness  admirably  adapt 
him  to.  The  Vice-President  is  Daniel  Donovan,  while 
the  cashicrship  is  vested  in  William  L'nderdown.  The 
Board  of  Directors  is  composed  of  the  following  well- 
known  gentlemen:  John  Rommel,  Jr.,  Daniel  Dono- 
van, John  Field,  Postmaster  of  Philadelphia,  Morris  Newburger, 
Thomas  Roberts,  Seth  B.  Stitt,  Henry  Z.  Ziegler,  Rudolph  Blank- 
enburg,  Arnold  Kohn,  James  Conaway. 

RESOURCES. 
Loans  and  Discounts  .  .  .....        $l,SSo,577.S3 

United  States  Bonds  to  secure  Circulation       ....  50,000.00 

Due  from  Banks  and  Bankers     ...... 

Real  Estate  and  Fixtures  ...... 

Specie,  Legal  Tender  Notes,  Bonds,  other  Cash  Items  and  Reserve 
United  States  Treasury      ....... 


134.054-28 
I32,9j3-o3 
446,504.20 


Capital  Stock  paid  in 
Surplus  Fund  and  Un 


LIABILITIES, 
vided  Profits 


Dividends  unpaid 

Due  Banks  aud  Bankers 

Deposits 


$2,646,385.94 


45,000.00 

5,838.27 

203,995-32 

1,299,518.22 

$2,646,385.94 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


CORN  EXCHANGE  NATIONAL  BANK 

The  Corn  Exchange  National  Bank  is  well  situated  at 
the  northeast  corner  of  Second  and  Chestnut  streets.  It  is  in 
the  center  of  the  grain,  provision,  grocery  and  wool  trade, 
and  commands  the  business  of  a  large  number  of  the  leading 
houses  identified  with  those  lines  of  business.  The  Bank  is 
one  of  Philadelphia's  most  successful  financial  institutions. 
Its  business  is  steadily  on  the  increase  and  its  resources  and 
surplus  are  constantly  enlarging.  The  Board  of  Directors  is 
made  up  chiefly  of  prominent  men  connected  with  the  differ- 
ent Commercial  Exchanges  and  actively  engaged  in  the  asso- 
ciated branches  of  trade  represented  in  that  body.  Many  of 
the  most  important  houses  engaged  in  the  cotton  and  woolen 
interests  are  also  among  its  depositors. 

The  Corn  Exchange  Bank  was  incorporated  as  a  State 
Bank  in  October,  1S5S,  and  was  organized  as  a  National  Bank 
in  1S64.  The  first  president  was  Alex.  G.  Cattell,  then  a  U.  S. 
Senator,  and  dividends  have  been  paid  from  the  first  with  com- 
mendable regularity  and  punctuality,  and  from  the  first  have 
never  been  omitted.  The  amount  paid  in  dividends  since  the 
incorporation  is  $1,262,000.  They  are  paid  semi-annually, 
in  May  and  November.  The  resources  of  the  Bank  now 
aggregate  53,500,000,  and  it  has  a  surplus  fund  and  undivided 
profits  amounting-  to  over  5350,000.  The  deposits  in  the 
Bank,  subject  to  check  at  sight,  maintain  an  average  of  over 
<2, 600, 000.  When  full  consideration  is  given  to  the  exten- 
sive competition  that  has  sprung  up  in  the  last  few  years  in 
banking  circles,  it  must  be  recognized  that  some  of  the  older 
institutions  have  had  to  display  an  unusual  and  unremitting 
energy  to  keep  up  with  the  financial  progress.  With  a  sur- 
plus fund  equal  to  one-half  of  the  capital  stock  of  the  Bank  and 
a  steadily  enlarging  general  business,  the  Corn  Exchange  is 
certainly  entitled  to  be  considered  one  of  the  strongest  and 
best  managed  of  the  local  banks.  The  Corn  Exchange  has 
not  only  kept  abreast  of  the  times  in  the  face  of  the  most 
vigorous  competitive  endeavor,  but  b3'  very  able  manage- 
ment has  greatly  increased  its  importance,  added  to  its  finan- 
cial strength,  and  enlarged  its  business  generally. 

This  most  satisfactory  consummation  of  a  commercial 
career  of  over  thirty  years  has  been  largely  brought  about 
by  the  energy  and  application  ot  the  officers  and  directors, 
who  have  every  reason  to  feel  highly  gratified  at  the  result 
of  their  labors.  The  Bank  has  been  most  fortunate  in 
having  the  benefit  of  the  advice  of  such  men,  whose  busi- 
ness training  has  been  both  extensive  and  successful.  Mr. 
J.  Wesley  Supplee,  the  present  president,  has  for  many  years 
occupied  a  conspicuous  position  in  the  flour  and  grain  trade, 
with  which  he  has  been  prominently  identified,  and  he 
possessed    in    an    eminent    degree    the    executive   capacity 


necessary  to  contribute  to  the  success  of  a  leading 
financial  institution.  The  vice-president  is  H.  Wilson 
Catherwood,  also  well  esteemed  in  general  business  circles, 
and  the  Board  of  Directors  is  composed  of  the  following 
well  known  merchants  :  J.  Wesley  Supplee,  H.  Wilson 
Catherwood,  John  H.  Graham,  Benjamin  Githens,  James 
McCandless,  Solomon  Smucker,  John  Hay,  Richard  H. 
Chapman,  Albert  E.  Bailey,  George  W.  Hill,  and  William 
N.  Moland.  John  B.  Stewart  is  cashier,  and  W.  D.  Schetky, 
assistant  cashier.  It  was  one  of  the  first  Banks  solicited  as  a 
United  States  depositor}',  which  has  been  continued  to  this 
time.  The  management  has  been  characterized  as  one  of  the 
most  conservative  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  devel- 
opment of  the  Bank's  business  has  been  as  steady  and  rapid 
as  proper  caution  and  safe  financiering  will  admit  of. 

The  Corn  Exchange  National  Bank  can  thus  be  classed  as 
one  of  Philadelphia's  most  solid  and  satisfactory  corporations. 
In  a  city  noted  for  its  sound  commercial  institutions,  this 
Bank  stands  well  to  the  fore,  and  it  is  a  striking  monument 
of  the  advantage  of  the  combination  of  sound  business 
principles  and  strong  commercial  integrity.  It  has  thus 
become  the  depository  of  the  United  States,  the  State,  and 
the  City,  and  a  large  number  of  prominent  corporations, 
firms  and  individuals,  and  flows  along  steadily  and  securelv 
on  the  flood  tide  of  commercial  prosperitv  and  business 
success.  In  the  great  financial  crises  that  at  various  times 
have  shaken  the  business  world  to  its  foundations,  the  Corn 
Exchange  National  Bank  has  invariably  stood  as  firm  as 
a  rock.  It  has  weathered  many  a  storm  and  it  remained  a 
sound  and  worthy  corporation,  an  honor  and  delight  to  its 
organizers  and  managers,  and  a  safe  depository  for  the  wealth 
of  prosperous  merchants  and  all  those  whose  business 
necessitates  the  keeping  of  a  banking  account. 

The  latest  report  of  the  condition  of  the  Bank  shows  it 
to  be  in  a  highly  prosperous  condition,  with  every  prospect 
of  increased  success  and  greater  development.  The  following 
is  a  condensed  report  at  the  close  of  business  on  July  9,  1S91. 


RESOURCES. 

Loans  and  Discounts 

United  States  Bonds 

Banking  House  and  other  real  estate 

Due  from  Banks 

Cash  and  Reserve 


LIABILITIES. 


Capital 

Surplus  ami  profits 

Circulation 

Deposits 


5l,SS6,4i2.34 
150,000.00 
156,966.89 
34r,370-7i 
962,799.79 

$5. 497.549-73 


5   500,000.00 

325,242.90 

45,000.00 

2.497,306.-3 

53.497,549-73 


72 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA/IS. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 

NATIONAL  BANK  OF  THE  REPUBLIC 

Philadelphia   pressed   brick"  wth   steep  "oo     o    fed   sate    th     half       H   H  *   ^^  redSt°ne'   *"»   C°"a   a°d 

roof  being  prominent  features.     It  was^letedt  De  1      .  "  ^TJZT^oTof  Z£  feT/  T  ?"    ^ 

dred  and  eighty  feet  in  depth-with  the  exception  of  a  small  back  area  for  li'bt  and  ientilat.on      Tl  T     T  W 

doorway  being  discarded,  the  entrance  is  at  the  side,  through  a  large  vestibule^ t  HgM  of ^ VZZT the  J?3 

those  having  business  with  the  bank,  in  making  up  deposits, 
writing  checks   and   counting   money.     The   main   banking 
room  is  twenty-nine  feet  wide,  one  hundred  and  twenty  feet 
deep  and  thirty-four  feet  high,  and  is  profusely  lighted  through 
sky  and  ceiling  lights  its  entire  length.     The  interior  finish 
is  of  cherry,    with   exposed   beams   and   corbels   supporting 
ceiling  ;  the  counters,  desks  and  partitions  are  of  mahogany 
and  beveled  plate  glass  ;    the  walls,  where  not  of   tile°an~d 
richly  carved  Caen  stone,  are  painted  in  warm  colors,   a  rich 
dark  red  predominating,  the  effect  of   which   is   novel   and 
pleasing  ;  the  main  floor  throughout  is  covered  with  red  and 
small  black  tiles  laid  upon  brick  arches.     The  main  room  is 
divided  by  the  mahogany  partitions  into  large  and  convenient 
apartments  for  officers,  tellers  and  clerks,  back  of  which  is  a 
commodious   directors'    room.     The    vaults    are   of    massive 
granite  work  with   the  most  approved  steel   lining,    within 
which  are  steel  safes.     The  bank  owns  and  occupies  the  entire 
building,  the  interior  of  which  is  much  larger  than  its  exterior 
indicates,  affording  ample  room  in  all  the  apartments  and  an 
unusually  large  space  outside  of  the  counters   for  customers 
and  the  public.     It  is  heated  by  steam  and  from   open   stone 
fire-places,   which  form    prominent    features    in    the   interior 
architecture,  and  is  admirably  ventilated  and  lighted  and  most 
conveniently  and  comfortably  arranged.     The  building  has 
served  as  a  model  in  the  construction  of  a  number  of  banking 
houses  throughout  the  country. 

The  National  Bank  of  the  Republic  was  organized  Decem- 
ber 5,  1S65,  and  began  business  May  22,  1S66,  at  S09  and  Sn 
Chestnut  street,  where   the    National    Exchange   Bank    was 
merged  into  it  in  January,  1S70.     It  removed  to  the  building 
of  the  Guarantee  Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Company  in  Decenf- 
ber,  1S74,  and  to  its  present  location  in  December,   1884.    Its 
policy  has  always  dictated  the  selection  of  active  business 
men  for  its  directors,   and  some  of  Philadelphia's   foremost 
merchants    and    manufacturers  have  been    members    of   its 
board.     Among  the  more  prominent  directors  now  deceased, 
were  William   B.    Thomas,    John   Bower,    William    Ervien, 
Alfred  Day,  Edward  B.  Orne,  Samuel  A.  Bispham,  Frederick 
A.    Hoyt,   John    Pearce,    J.    Barlow    Moorhead,    Charles    L. 
Sharpless,  John  Welsh,  Jr.,  Nathan  Brooke,  Charles  T.  Parry, 
Charles  S.  Pancoast  and  John  F.  Smith.     The  present  direc- 
tors are  William   H.   Rhawn,    president;    William   Hacker, 
William    B.    Bement,  James   M.   Earle,    Howard  Hinchman, 
Henry  W.  Sharpless,  Edwin  J.  Howlett,  Edward  K.  Bispham, 
Henry  T.  Mason,  Charles  J.   Field,  Edward  H.  Wilson,  Wil- 
liam H.  Scott,  and  Joseph  P.   Mumford,  cashier. 

The  president  and  cashier  have  been  engaged  in  banking 
for  more  than  a  third  of  a  century,  having  been  associated  in 


National  Bank  of  the  Republic 


_  **"  "i""-  Luaii  a  iirnu  ui  a  ucuLuiy,  uaving  ueen  associated  lr 

the  Philadelphia  Bank  as  early  as  1857,  and  have  been  together  in  their  present  respective  positions  for  over  twenty-five  years 
the  former  having  been  first  elected  August  29th,  and  the  latter  September  1st,  1S66.  Since  then,  under  the  conservative 
management  of  officers  and  directors  and  the  faithful  sen-ices  of  subordinates,  the  net  earnings  of  the  bank  to  May,  1S91, 
have  amounted  to  $1,318,696,  of  which  $967,500  have  been  divided  to  the  stockholders  and  $351^96  remain  as  surplus  and 
undivided  profits, 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


CHESTNUT  STREET  NATIONAL  BANK 

The  Chestnut  Street  National  Bank  is  one  of  the  youngest  of 
Philadelphia's  banking  institutions,  as  it  is  also  one  of  the  most 
popular  and  promising.  Its  success  was  assured  from  the  moment 
it  came  into  existence,  for  the  gentlemen  composing  its  directory 
were  among  the  responsible  business  men  in 
the  city — gentlemen  whose  words  were  as  good 

as   their   bonds — a  group   of  able,    progressive, 

intelligent  financiers,  in  whom  the  public  had 

the    most   implicit  confidence,   knowing  their 

management  would   be  safe,    conservative  and 

to  the  best  interests  of  their  depositors.     But  a 

glance  at  the  list  of  original  officers  and  di- 
rectors will  be  sufficient  endorsement :  Presi- 
dent,   Hon.  Robert  E.  Pattison    I  now   Governor 

of  Pennsylvania) ;    Vice-President,  William  M. 

Siugerly,  proprietor  of  The  Philadelphia  Record, 

Cashier,  William  Steele  ;   Directors,  Hou.  Robert 

E.    Pattison,     William    M.     Siugerly.     Horace 

Gciger,  Thomas  Bradley,   Isaac  Cooper,  M.  W. 

Lipper,  Benjamin  P.  Obdyke,  John   L.  Lawson, 

Edward   A.   Greene,  Benjamin   A.  Van  Schaick, 

George  J.  Ziegler,  Jr.,  John  Simmons.  James  M. 

Jeitles.  Mahlon  Artman  and  James  H.  Windrim. 
The  public,  as   we   have  stated,  reposed  the 

greatest  confidence   in   the   management  ;    nor 

has  there  ever  been  occasion  to  doubt  that  that 

confidence  was  not  fully  deserved,  as  the  bank 

has  successfully  met  and  overcome  every  ob- 
stacle,  and  during  the  troubles    in    the   fall   01 

iSgo,  when  the  financial  circles  of  this  country 

were  shaken,    the    "Chestnut   Street"    braved 

the  storm  and  promptly  met  even.-  call  upon  it. 

displaying  a  stability  which  did  much  towards 

allaying   the    feeling   of  uneasiness   and   doubt 

which   then  existed.     To-day  it  ranks  with   '.he 

best  iu  point  of  soundness,  and    in   placing   the 

first  and    last   reports   of  the   condition    of   the 

bank    side    by   side,    the  showinsr    discloses    its 

condition  and  progress. 

The  first  report  was   issued  August  I.  1S.S7. 

By  comparing  that   report   with   the  one  issued 

May  4,  iSqi.  we  find  that  the  loans  and  dis- 
counts   increased    between    the    periods    from 

J426.S05.72  to  5r.u40.4nu.  \~  :  dealings  increased 

with  "ther  banks  from  586,742.50  to  J199.699.70; 

cash    on    hand   increased    from     f262.076.SS    to 

5448. 225.05  ;   surplus  fund  and  undivided  profits 

increased  from  <6.4S4.  r 7  to  515S.S90.65;  indi- 
vidual deposits,  subject  to  check,  and  demand 
certificates  of  deposit  increased  from  $681,313.44 
to  $1,704,562.57. 

This  is  certainly  a  most  wonderful  showing, 
and  we  doubt  if  it  has  ever  been  surpassed,  all 
things  considered,  by  any  banking  house  in  the 
country.  The  more  the  figures  are  examined 
the  more  remarkable  do  they  seem,  especially 
when  the  fact  is  considered  that  the  "  Chestnut 
Street"  is  not  yet  four  years  old.  It  was 
originally  established  June  15,  iSS",  but  was  not 
incorporated  until  July  5th,  of  the  same  year. 
While  its  capital  stock  was  5500.000,  yet  it  began 
business  on  only  5250,000,  the  balance  not  being 
paid  until  November  15,  1SS7.  Its  first  transac- 
tions were  made  in  the  basement  of  the  old 
Mutual  Life  Insurance  Building,  at  Tenth  and 
Chestnut  streets,  and  it  continued  there  until 
June  1,  1SS9,  when  it  removed  to  its  present 
magnificent  quarters  in  the  Siugerly  Building, 
on  Chestnut  street,  below  Eighth.  It  is  a  model 
of  architectural  beauty,  and  is  unquestionably 
one  of  the  finest  buildings  in  this  city,  where 

handsome  buildings  are  the  rule  instead  of  a  raritv.  The  interior 
ot  the  bank  is  gorgeous  with  its  exquisite  trimmings  and  fittings  ; 
they  must  be  seen  to  be  appreciated  and  admired.  A  few  changes 
only  have  been  made  in  the  management  of  the  bank  since  its  in- 
ception. President  Pattison  continued  in  charge  until  he  was 
called  to  preside  over  the  destinies  of  the  Commonwealth.  .1-  its 
Chief  Executive  officer,  and  Mr.  Siugerly  was  chosen  president  of 
the  bank,  a  position  to  which  he  is  ad'mirabh- adapted  bv  a  long 
and  successful  business  career. ^He  is  at  his  desk  daily,  and  although 


having  many  other  enterprises  to  look  after,  the  interests  of  the 
"  Chestnut  Street "  are  his  first  consideration.  He  has  an  able  and 
experienced  assistant  in  Mr.  William  Steele,  the  efficient  cashier, 
one  of  the  most  popular  bank  officials  in  the  city.  When  Mr.  Sing- 
erlv  became  president  of  the  bank,  Mr.  Isaac  Cooper  was  elected 
vice-president,   and   he,  too,  is  one   of  our  ablest   financiers.     The 


Chestnut  Street    National    Bank 

directory  is  the  same,  with  the  exception  of  Messrs.  Allen  B.  Rorke 
and  Charles  A.  Forter,  who  succeeded  Messrs.  Mahlon  Artman  and 
James  H.  Windrim. 

The  following  is  a  condensed  report  of  the  condition  of  the 
Bank  July  9,  1S91 :,'  Resources — Loans  and  Discounts,  51.768.604.S4  ; 
U.  SI  Bonds.  5150.000;  Due  from  Banks  and  Bankers,  J1S7.59S.67  ; 
Cash  and  Reserve,  5675,924. 96  ;  total,  52,782,128.47.  Liabilities — 
Capital  Stock,  5500,000;  Surplus  and  Net  Profits,  5134,440. 27  ;  Cir- 
culation, $45,000;  Deposits,  52,i02,6S2.2o  ;  total,  $2,782,128.47. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


MARKET  STREET   NATIONAL  BANK 

The  financial  facilities  of  Philadelphia  are  admirably  repre 
sentcd  by  the  Market  Street  National 
Bank,  which  was  organized  under  the 
National  Banking  Laws  in  May,  i8S7, 
with  a  paid  up  capital  stock  of  5600,000, 
and  its  last  quarterly  statement,  which 
shows  a  surplus  and  undivided  profits 
aggregating  5136,252.27  speaks  elo- 
quently of  the  ability  of  the  manage- 
ment and  the  prudent  methods  which 
have  obtained. 

This  showing,  when  it  is  remem- 
bered that  the  Bank  has  not  yet  closed 
the  fourth  year  of  its  existence,  is  evi- 
dence of  prosperity  almost  unequalled 
in  the  history  of  banking  in  this  city, 
but  such  a  one  as  might  have  been  ex- 
pected in  view  of  the  known  standing 
and  financial  ability  of  its  executive 
officers  and  its  board  of  directors,  com- 
prising as  they  do,  some  of  the  most 
successful  business  men  and  masters  of 
finance  in  this  great  trade  and  finan- 
cial centre. 

The  bank  is  located  at  1107  Mar- 
ket street,  an  ideal  site  from  a  business 
standpoint,  where  it  owns  and  occupies 
a  handsome  building  erected  especially 
for  the  bank's  purposes  and  furnished 
with  every  modern  convenience  for 
transacting  a  large  banking  business. 
The  fire  and  burglar-proof  vaults  are 
constructed  on  the  best  system  known 
to  the  builder's  art  and  are  provided 
with  all  the  latest  and  most  approved 
appliances,  having  time  locks  and 
every  known  device  to  insure  perfect 
security. 

The  bank  began  business  May  23, 
1SS7,  and  has  steadily  gained  in  busi- 
ness reputation,  taking  its  place  among 
the  most  reliable,  ably  managed  and 
conservative  financial  institutions  of 
this  city,  noted  for  the  number  and 
substantial  character  of  its  banks  and 
banking-houses. 

The  total  resources  of  the  Market 
Street  National  Bank,  at  the  date  of 
its  report  July  9,  1S91,  footed  up  the 
aggregate  of  53.324,474.72  made  up  in 
part  as  follows  : 

Loans  and  discounts  .     .  52,106,780.00 
United  States  Bonds  .     .  50,000.00 

Due  from  reserve  agents        301,085.45 
Due  from  National  Banks      243,613.00 

5.205.43 

112,450.00 

132,886.15 

252,015.50 

74,527.00 

with    minor    items    aggregating    the 
amount  above  stated. 

The  deposits,  subject  to  check,  amounted  to  52,260,404.17, 
showing  the  confidence  of  the  business  community  in  the  methods 
and  management  of  affairs. 


Due  from  State  Banks 
Real  estate,  fixtures,  etc. 
Exchanges  for  clear'g  house 
Specie       .... 
Legal  tender  notes 


vrket  Street 


The  officers  and  board  of  directors  are  well-known  business 
men  of  this  city,  who  have  long  been  identified  with  its  trade  and  in- 
dustries. The  president,  Colonel  Charles  H.  Banes,  who  has  been 
the  executive  head  since  the  bank  was 
organized,  was  formerly  of  the  firm  of 
Fiss,  Banes,  Erben  &  Company,  one  of 
the  leading  worsted  spinning  concerns 
of  Philadelphia,  and  has  for  over  thirty 
years  been  honorably  and  prominently 
identified  with  the  commercial  growth 
of  this  city. 

The  vice-president,  Mr.  George  D. 
McCreary,  was  formerly  engaged  in 
the  coal  business  here,  and  is  recog- 
nized as  one  of  the  representative,  suc- 
cessful business  men  of  this  trade  me- 
tropolis. Mr.  B.  F.  Dennisson,  the 
efficient  cashier,  was  elected  to  his 
responsible  position  at  the  organization 
of  the  bank.  He  has  been  honorablv 
connected  with  the  banking  business 
in  this  city  for  the  past  thirty-eight 
years  and  is  accounted  high  authority 
upon  all  questions  of  finance. 

The  board  of  directors  is  composed 
of  Messrs.  Charles  H.  Banes,  Samuel  V. 
Heebuer,  Thomas  F.  Jones,  George  B. 
Woodman,  George  D.  McCreary,  Chas. 
W.  Henry. Isaac  Blum. John  G.Croxton, 
Stuart  Wood,  Walter  H.  Geissinger,  A. 
Maxwell  Sheppard  and  Henry  D. Welsh. 
They  are  all  well-known  business 
men  of  high  standing  in  this  commu- 
nity, and  the  prosperous  condition  of 
the  affairs  of  the  Bank  is  but  the  logical 
sequence  of  their  honorable  methods 
and  financial  business  ability. 

The  officers  and  directors  are  all 
pleased  to  refer  to  this  as  essentially 
the  business  men's  Bank,  and  concern- 
ing this  there  can  be  no  question  in  the 
minds  of  the  most  casual  observer. 
Besides  being  a  bank  of  issue,  a  regular 
banking  and  collecting  business  is  here 
transacted  in  every  detail,  and  the  Bank 
has  also  a  Safe  Deposit  department  with 
well-lighted  handsomely  furnished  and 
convenient  apartments  for  the  use  of 
box  renters  and  depositors.  The  boxes 
in  the  burglar-proof  vaults  are  rented 
at  moderate  prices,  affording  the  maxi- 
mum security  at  minimum  rates. 

The  banking-house  is  a  model  of 
taste  as  regards  exterior  and  interior 
arrangements  and  appointments.  Light 
is  admitted  to  all  parts  of  the  spacious 
offices  through  sky-lights  above,  and 
every  convenience  for  customers  and 
facility  for  the  dispatch  of  business,  is 
provided. 

Among  the  Bank's  leading  cor- 
respondents, we  find  the  National 
Bank  of  the  Republic  and  the  Importers'  and  Traders'  National 
Bank  of  New  York  City,  the  First  National  Bank  of  Chicago  and 
the  National  Bank  of  Commerce  of  Boston,  Massachusetts. 


Son 
National   Bank 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIAXS. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


DREXEL  &  COMPANY 

The  Drexcl  Banking  House,  which  occupies  the  front  rank 
among  the  great  financial  institutions  of  the  United  States,  was 
founded  in  1S37,  bv  Francis  M.  Drexcl,  father  of  the  present  head 
of  the  house,  Anthony  J.  Drexel.  In  his  lifetime  it  was  large  and 
prosperous,  and  the  foundations  firmly  built  upon  which  it  has 
progressed,  grown  and  extended  its  operationsandinflueuce  all  over 
the  commercial  world.  The  principal  transactions  of  the  house  being 
to  supply  capital  for  individuals,  corporations,  municipal,  State  and 


marble  structure  entirely  devoted  to  the  business  of  the  firm,  and 
said  to  be  the  handsomest  private  bank  in  the  world.  Two  vcars 
later  Mr.  Drexel  had  acquired  all  the  property  extending  south  from 
Chestnut  on  Fifth  street  to  Library  street,  220  feet  and  10  incl.es, 
anil  east  to  the  Custom  House  lot'on  Chestnut  street,  142  feet  front, 
with  the  exception  of. the  lot  occupied  by  the  Independence 
National  Bank,  27  feet  10  inches  on  Chestnut  street,  and  105  feet 
deep,  around  which  the  Drexcl  Building  now  stands. 

The  "  Drexel  Building  "  was  commenced  in  1S87,  and  is  built 
on  the  above  described  premises,  the  banking  house  built  in  1SS5 


7r  .     ~*'  ^"sssli™,...  . 


J.  1  £ 


^W^1- 


n  1 


ir''-,T 


The  Drexel  Building 


Government  use  or  needs.  The  house  has  supplied  and  placed 
hundreds  of  millions  of  dollars  in  railroad,  corporation,  govern- 
ment, and  other  loans  and  securities,  which  they  have  placed  for 
investment.  They  deal  not  in  speculative  bonds  or  stocks.  They 
issue  letters  of  credit  on  the  commercial  centres  of  the  world.  The 
New  York  house,  Drexel,  Morgan  &  Co.,  dates  from  1S50.  The 
Paris  house,  Drexel  Harjes  &  Co.,  from  1867.  The  Loudon 
connection  is  J.  S.  Morgan  Co.  The  members  of  the  firm  are 
Anthony  J.  Drexel,  Geo.  C.  Thomas,  Jas.  W.  Paul,  Jr.,  and  Edward 
T.  Stotesbury. 

THE    DREXEL    BCILDINO. 

The  banking  house  of  the  firm  of  Drexel   &  Co.,  was  built  in 
1SS5,  at  the  southeast  corner  of  Fifth  and  Chestnut  streets,  a  white 


on  the  corner  of  Fifth  and  Chestnut,  forming  the  lower  part  of  the 
northern  half  of  the  west  wing,  including  in  its  height  the  lower 
stories  up  to  the  fifth  floor,  the  remaining  six  stories  and  attic  being 
built  over  it.  The  bank  remains  unaltered  and  is  not  interfered 
with  in  anv  way  by  the  new  building,  which  was  set  on  top  of  it, 
the  business  of  the  firm  having  been  conducted  as  usual  during  the 
progress  of  the  work.  The  pian  of  the  building  is  in  the  shape  of 
the  letter  H,  consisting  of  two  parallel  wings,  facing  on  Fifth  street 
and  Custom  House  Place  respectively,  running  north  and  south 
from  Chestnut  to  Library  street  and  connected  in  the  middle  by  a 
cross  corridor.  Each  wing  measures  220  feet  by  56  feet,  and  rises 
135  feet  above  the  sidewalk,  containing  a  cellar,  a  basement  story, 
and  ten  other  stories  and  an  attic.    The  building  contains  390'  rooms, 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


including  the  Board  room  of  the  Stock  Exchange,  and  22  toilet  rooms, 
but  excluding  all  rooms  in  the  Drexel  Bank.  In  addition  there  is  the 
attic  over  the  entire  building  ;  the  boiler  rooms  and  cellars  are 
under  the  rear  half  of  both  wings  and  court. 

The  illustration  and  this  brief  account  may  give  the  reader  a 
general  idea  of  the  magnitude  of  the  building,  to  appreciate  it  it  is 
necessary  to  take  a  ramble  through  the  corridors — nearly  three 
quarters  of  a  mile  long,  visit  the  Board  Room  of  the  Stock 
Exchange  and  other  principal  rooms,  and  climb  the  great  staircase 
through  the  eleven  stories.  In  regard  to  size,  it  compares  favorably 
with  the  largest  of  the  new  buildings  in  New  York  and  Chicago. 
The  floors  are  connected  by  six  swift  running  elevators,  two  of 
which  are  express  to  the  sixth  floor.  In  regard  to  heating,  light- 
ing, even.-  improvement  and  useful  appliance  has  been  adopted. 
In  the  city  of  Philadelphia  its  only  rival  is  the  great  Public 
Buildings. 


E.  W.  CLARKE  &  CO. 

Some  of  the  most  noted  financiers  of 
Philadelphia  have  in  days  gone  by  been 
connected  with  this  old  and  well-known 
banking  house.  It  was  originally  estab- 
lished in  January,  1S37,  by  E.  W.  Clarke, 
father  of  the  present  head  of  the  firm,  and  his 
brother-in-law,  Edward  Dodge.  In  1843  Jay 
Cooke  was  admitted  to  the  firm,  and  con- 
tinued with  it  until  1857,  when  he  withdrew. 
Edward  \Y.  Clarke,  present  senior  member, 
was  admitted  on  January  I,  1S49,  and  his 
brother,  Clarence  H.  Clarke,  in  1854.  The 
firm  has  undergone  many  other  changes 
previous  to  its  present  organization.  Other 
partners  beside  those  noticed  became  part- 
ners, and  a  number  of  withdrawals  were 
made.  E.  W.  Clarke,  Sr. ,  died  in  August, 
1854,  after  a  connection  with  the  firm  of 
over  seventeen  years,  and  at  his  death  Jay 
Cooke  became  the  head  of  the  house,  with- 
drawing, as  has  already  been  stated,  in  1857. 
E.  W.  Clarke  then  succeeded  to  the  leader- 
ship, and  in  January,  18S2,  after  the  with- 
drawal of  Clarence  H.  Clarke  and  F.  S. 
Kimball,  the  firm  as  at  present  constituted, 
consisting  of  E.  \V.  Clarke  and  S.  W.  Colton, 
Jr.,  under  the  firm  name  of  E.  W.  Clarke  & 
Co.,  was  organized.  The  business  of  the 
house  was  originally  domestic  exchange, 
and  it  did  extensive  transactions  in  the  pur- 
chase and  sale  of  uncurrent  money  and  drafts 
on  all  points,  making  collections  for  our 
merchants;  also  dealing  in  gold  and  silver 
during  the  period  of  suspension.  During 
the  war  they  dealt  largely  in  Government 
bonds  and  all  the  classes  of  United  States 
obligations.  After  the  extension  of  the 
National  bank  system  throughout  the  coun- 
try the  exchange  and  collection  business 
was  transacted  almost  exclusively  by  them, 
but  the  house  still  has  a  considerable  amount  of  trade  with  cus- 
tomers of  that  time. 

The  present  business  of  the  house  is  dealing  in  railroad  and 
car  trust  bonds  and  negotiating  loans,  together  with  a  general  bank- 
ing business,  and  are  members  of  the  New  York  and  Philadelphia 
Stock  Exchanges.  The  head  of  the  firm,  Mr.  Clarke,  was  from  1867 
to  1SS1  President  of  the  Lehigh  Coal  and  Navigation  Company,  and 
is  still  a  director,  as  he  is  also  a  director  of  the  Fidelity  Insurance, 
Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Company,  a  position  he  has  held  since  its 
organization.  Mr.  Clarke  has  in  addition  been  a  director  of  several 
railroads  from  time  to  time. 


on  deposits  subject  to  check,  and  special  rates  are  given  on  time 
deposits.  D.  P.  Pancoast,  M.  D.,  President  of  the  company,  is  a 
member  of  a  family  which  has  been  prominent  for  many  years  in 
the  history  of  Pennsylvania,  many  of  them  reaching  national  fame. 
The  name,  however,  has  been  chiefly  known  in  medical  circles, 
but  D.  P.  Pancoast,  although  himself  an  M.  D.,  has  achieved  great 
distinction  as  a  financier.  Mr.  J.  Henry  Hayes,  the  treasurer  of 
the  company,  was  connected  with  the  Seventh  National  and  Corn 
Exchange  National  Banks  for  a  number  of  years.  He  has  a  large 
acquaintance  in  the  financial  and  business  world  throughout  the 
country.  The  other  officers  of  the  company  have  been  selected  for 
competency  in  their  knowledge  of  banking  and  all  that  appertains 
thereto.  Since  the  inauguration  of  the  company  it  has  transacted 
a  large  business  in  its  line,  and  this  volume  of  trade  steadily  in- 
creases. Its  quarters,  1317  Arch  Street,  are  entirely  adapted  to  its 
purposes,  and  are  fitted  up  in  excellent  taste, 
with  ample  accommodations  for  all  who 
favor  them  with  their  patronage. 


Security  Trust  Company  of  Philadelph 


SECURITY  TRUST  COMPANY  OF 
PHILADELPHIA 

Organized  for  the  placing  and  guarantee- 
ing of  insurance  and  executing  trusts,  with 
a  full  paid  capital  of  5500,000  and  a  perpet- 
ual charter.  This  company  introduced  the 
principle  of  a  guarantee  in  the  insurance 
business,  and  such  guarantee  is  not  offered 
by  any  other  company  in  the  United  States 
or  in  Europe. 

The  company  will,  without  charge,  guar- 
antee the  payment  of  all  legal  claims  for 
losses  under  policies  and  bonds  placed  for 
its  clients  in  other  established  insurance  and 
surety  companies.  Under  this  guarantee 
clients  will  be  insured  against  losses  arising 
from  the  failure  of  the  companies  in  which 
their  risks  have  been  placed,  and  against 
mistakes  and  omissions  in  their  policies 
that  tend  to  the  vexatious  delay  in  the 
settlement  of  their  claims.  This  company 
will  represent  its  clients  in  the  adjustment 
of  their  losses  and  will  procure  settlement 
and  payment  for  all  just  and  valid  claims. 
It  will  also  act  as  agent  and  broker  in 
placing  under  liberal  policies  insurance  of 
every  description,  such  as  fire,  marine,  acci- 
dent, lightning,  tornado,  plate  glass,  steam 
boiler  and  elevator  risks,  also  bonds  of  sure- 
tyship and  fidelity,  etc.,  and  will  also  pro- 
cure policies  against  risks  arising  under  the 
liability  of  employers  for  damages  on  ac- 
count of  the  death  of  or  injuries  to  any 
person,  whether  employee  or  stranger, 
caused  by  accidents  happening  on  their 
premises  or  elsewhere. 

The  trust  and  real  estate  department 
executes  trusts  of  every  description,  and 
will  act  solely  or  in  connection  with  indi- 
viduals, if  desired,  as  trustee,  executor,  administrator,  guardian, 
assignee,  committee,  receiver,  attorney,  etc.  Transacts  a  general 
real  estate  business  ;  will  act  as  agent  or  attorney  for  buying,  hold- 
ing, leasing  and  selling  property  ;  it  also  negotiates  mortgages  and 
places  ground  rents. 

Officers :  Samuel  B.  Huey,  President ;  Henry  Darrach,  First 
Yice-President ;  D.  C.  F.  Rivinus,  Second  Yice-President;  John 
Welsh  Dulles,  Secretary  and  Treasurer.  Directors :  Samuel  B. 
Huey,  Henry  M.  Lewis,  M.  E.  McDowell,  John  S.  Jenks,  Henry 
Darrach,  Sidney  F.  Tyler,  Austin  M.  Purves,  Allen  B.  Rorke,  Dan- 
iel Baugh,  John  Cassels,  D.  C.  F.  Rivinus,  Spencer  M.  Janney, 
William  Burnham,  John  F.  Lewis,  Edward  B.  Smith. 


THE   MUTUAL   BANKING,    SURETY,  TRUST    AND    SAFE 
DEPOSIT  COMPANY 

Was  organized  in  January,  1890.  The  institution  has  an  au- 
thorized capital  of  $1 ,000,000,  of  which  5155,000  has  been  paid  in. 
It  transacts  a  general  banking,  trust  and  surety  business.  It  acts 
as  surety  on  bonds  of  the  officers  of  fraternal  and  co-operative 
associations.  It  offers  the  most  liberal  terms  and  guarantees  the 
absolute  safety  of  the  funds.      Two   per  cent,  interest  is  allowed 


THE  GUARANTEE  COMPANY  OF  NORTH  AMERICA 

This  company  is  the  only  one  in  America  solely  devoted  to  the 
granting  of  bonds  of  suretyship  for  employees  in  positions  of  trust, 
whereby  the  necessity  for  private  suretyship  is  abolished.  To 
employers  it  ensures  the  endorsement  by  a  responsible  company  of 
those  in  whose  hands  they  may  trust  their  affairs,  and  the  ready 
recovery  of  loss  bv  their  defalcation  should  such  arise.     It  saves 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


them  the  trouble  ami  delicacy  of  inquiring  into  the  antecedents  of 
an  applicant  for  employment,  as  well  as  the  periodical  supervision 
necessary  to  ascertain  the  continued  solvency  of  private  sureties,  and 
it  is  a  safeguard  against  the  appointment  or  retention  of  an  unworthy 
person  in  their  service,  by  reason  of  the  primary  investigation  and 
subsequent  supervision  of  the  employee  by  this  company.  To  the 
emplovee.  besides  relieving  him  of  the  onerous  obligation  of  ask- 
ing liis  friends  to  "  go  on  his  bond,"  it  is  a  valuable  certificate  to 
receive  and  retain  the  endorsement  of  such  an  institution,  as  it  at 
once  establishes  his  title  to  his  employer's  confidence  without  other 
testimony.  The  system  was  first  introduced  into  this  country  by 
The  Guarantee  Company  of  North  America,  and  was  looked  upon 
as  a  great  novelty,  but  its  principles  and  the  advantages  it  offered  at 
once  gained  it  the  approval  of  business  men  and  employers.  The 
company,  although  organized  in  1S72,  dates  its  career  as  far  back  as 
1S63,  having  absorbed  two  companies  dating  back  to  that  time,  one 
of  which,  and  the  first  to  transact  the  business  on  this  continent, 
was  the  European  of  England,  a  branch  of  which  was  established 
in  Montreal,  Canada,  in  1S63,  under  the  man- 
agement of  Edward  Rawlings,  who  came  from 
England  to  take  charge  of  its  affairs.  The 
other  was  the  "Citizens'"  Company,  whose 
capital  was  $1, 000, 000.  The  company  was  ab- 
sorbed bv  the  Guarantee  in  1881,  which  together 
with  the  "European  "  and  "Citizens,"  has  paid 
no  less  than  5750,000  in  recouping  employers  for 
the  defaults  of  dishonest  employees.  Its  man- 
agement is  the  same  that  first  introduced  the 
svstem  to  the  New  World,  and  possesses,  there- 
fore, the  element  of  a  practical  knowledge  of 
the  business  extending  over  a  period  of  thirty- 
one  years. 

In  1873  the  company  made  its  first  contract 
with  corporations  of  the  United  States,  which, 
having  satisfied  themselves  as  to  the  company's 
sound  position  and  standing  in  Canada,  applied 
direct  for  the  protection  of  its  bonds.  It  was 
received  with  such  favor  that  the  directors  de- 
cided to  formally  enter  the  field  here,  by  making 
the  required  deposit  with  the  Insurance  Depart- 
ment at  Albany,  N.  V.,  and  extend  its  business 
generally  throughout  the  country ;  a  deposit  of 
5200,000  was  made  for  the  special  security  of 
the  I'nitcd  States  policy  holders,  and  the  com- 
pany was  legally  constituted  and  licensed  to 
transact  business  throughout  the  several  States. 

A.  F.  Sabine,  the  Resident-Secretary  of  the 
company,  established  the  Philadelphia  branch 
in  1SS1,  and  it  has  always  been  a  success,  last 
year  alone  the  office  issuing  57.°°o,ooo  worth  of 
suretyship  bonds.  Jlr.  Sabine  has  his  office  at 
506  Walnut  street,  and  his  territory  includes  the 
States  of  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  and  Maryland. 
In  Philadelphia,  Pittsburgh,  and  Baltimore,  there 
arc  strong  local  Boards  of  Directors,  the  Boards 
of  Pittsburgh  and  Baltimore  reporting  to  that  of 
Philadelphia.  The  latter  is  made  up  as  follows  : 
Benjamin  B.  Comegys,  President  of  the  Philadelphia  National 
Bank;  J.  Livingston  Erringer,  President  Philadelphia  Trust  Co.; 
Amos  R.  Little,  Director  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company;  Alfred 
M.  Collins.  A.M.  Collins,  Sons  &  Co.;  John  C.  Sims,  Jr.,  Secretary 
Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company;  C.  Hartshorne,  Vice-President 
Lehigh  Valley  Railroad ;  G.  R.  W.  Amies,  Assistant  Treasurer 
Norfolk  and  Western  Railroad;  Geo.  M.  Troutman,  President  Cen- 
tral National  Bank;  Counsel,  Thos.  DeWitt  Cuvler. 

The  company  transacts  the  largest  guarantee  business  in 
America.  It  has  the  records  of  all  the  employees  accepted  or 
rejected  during  the  past  twenty-eight  years,  in  both  the  United 
States  and  Canada,  and  has  some  15,000  confidential  correspondents 
scattered  all  over  the  world. 

The  thirty-seventh  annual  statement  of  the  company,  June  30, 
1891,  shows  :  Capital  subscribed,  566S,6oo;  capital  paid  up,  5j°4.- 
600.  Assets  in  United  States,  5532,173.12  ;  in  Canada,  5212,229.72  ; 
total  assets,  $744, 402. S4.  Liabilities,  §169,899. 31.  Surplus  to  policy- 
holders, S574.503.53.  The  resources  arc,  the  total  assets  above, 
S744.402.S4  and  reserve  capital  subject  to  call,  $364,000.  Total 
resources  for  security  of  insured,  5t,ioS,402.Si.  Number  of 
bonds  issued  to  date,  134,316;  applications  rejected,  11,126;  total 
applications  to  date,  145,442  (of  which  full  records  arc  retained 
in  office  for  reference,).  Total  claims  paid  and  provided  for  to 
date,  JS39.S75.73. 


M  if 


ifci 


Commonwealth  Title  Insuh 
and  Trust  Company 


THE  COMMONWEALTH  TITLE  INSURANCE  AND  TRUST 
COMPANY 


This  Company  is  located  at  No.  S13  Chestnut  street,  in  its 
handsome  fire  proof  marble  building.  The  first  floor  is  laid  in  mo- 
saic and  furnished  in  mahogany,  and  contains  -a  series  of  rooms 
well  adapted  for  the  purposes  of  the  several  branches  of  business. 
It  is  occupied  by  the  banking,  executive,  trust  and  title  depart- 
ments, and  it  is  covered  by  a  lofty  and  ornamental  ceiling.  In  the 
rear  upon  the  same  floor  are  complete  burglar  and  fire  proof  vaults,' 
for  the  use  of  depositors  and  the  Company's  officers.  The  rooms 
upon  the  four  upper  floors  are  occupied  by  the  clerks  and  em- 
ployees, and  for  the  storage  of  the  "plant."  This  consists  of  copies 
of  the  public  records,  briefs,  etc.,  which  have  been  procured  at  a 
large  expense.  As  an  interesting  fact  it  is  well  to  say  that  this 
Company  employs  twelve  ladies  in  the  different  departments,  and 
that  their  work  is  entirely  satisfactory,  and  in  some  departments 
superior  to  that  of  men. 

It  was  incorporated  July  2$,  1SS6,  for  the 
purpose  of  transacting  a  Title,  Trust  and  Security 
Business.  The  peculiar  character  of  the  organi- 
zation caused  it  at  once  to  spring  into  general 
favor,  and  it  now  stands  in  the  front  rank  among 
the  Trust  and  Title  Companies. 

The  capital  stock  ($1, 000. 0001  is  held  by 
prominent  lawyers,  conveyancers  and  real  estate 
brokers,  each  of  whom  can  hold  only  a  limited 
number  of  shares.  No  others  than  members  of 
these  professions  can  hold  the  stock.  The  Ex- 
ecutive Officers  and  Beard  of  Directors  are  repre- 
sentative men  of  these  professions,  familiar  with 
the  questions  arising  in  the  course  of  the  Com- 
pany's business.  The  Company  elects  no  so- 
licitor, but  each  lawyer  bringing  any  matter  of 
business  is  retained  as  the  counsel  in  that  par- 
ticular case. 

The  last  annual  statement  shows  deposits 
amounting  to  51.1)10.412.75.  but  the  Title.  Trust 
and  Security  departments  constitute  its  distinc- 
tive feature. 

The  old  mode  of  securing  title  to  real  estate 
or  mortgages  is  passing  away.  Then  the  pur- 
chaser employed  his  counsel  or  conveyancer  to 
examine  the  title,  obtain  the  searches  for  mort- 
gages, judgments,  etc.,  and  these  were  delivered 
to  the  client  as  an  assurance  that  he  was  getting 
a  good  title  with  his  deed  or  mortgage.  Now 
this  Title  Company  upon  the  payment  of  a 
moderate  premium  gives  to  the  purchaser  of  real 
estate  or  of  a  mortgage  its  Policy  of  Insurance 
whereby  his  title  is  absolutely  secured.  The 
Company  has  assumed  all  risks  and  liability  as 
to  the  title,  searches,  judgments,  etc.  Their 
policies  arc  only  issued  after  careful  examina- 
tions and  searches  made  by  the  Company,  and 
are  accepted  by  all  of  the  financial  institutions 
and  other  investors.  Thev  arc  always  issued  within  a  few  days 
after  application,  and  this  promptitude  has  largely  stimulated  all 
transactions  in  real  estate.  The  whole  capital  and  surplus  are 
pledged  as  security  for  the  perfoimauce  of  the  obligations  arising 
from  these  policies. 

In  the  Trust  department,  the  Company  acts  as  executor,  ad- 
ministrator, trustee,  assignee,  committee  in  lunacy  or  guardian  of 
minors'  estates,  and  likewise  becomes  security  for  persons  acting 
in  a  fiduciary  capacity.  This  feature  of  the  Company's  business 
relieves  those  who  need  security  for  such  purposes  from  the  annoy- 
ance of  applying  to  their  friends,  and  from  a  coincident  duty  of  aid- 
ing them  in  like  cases.  All  men  of  experience  appreciate  the  relief 
afforded  by  this  opportunity. 

The  Company  has  prospered  to  such  an  extent  that  in  addition 
to  regular  yearly  dividends  of  ten  per  cent,  it  has  accumulated  a 
surplus  of  5105.500. 

The  officers  are  :  Henry  M.  Dechert,  president  ;  Win.  Nelson 
West,  vice-president ;  Adam  A.  Stull,  secretary  and  treasurer;  Edw. 
H.  Bonsall,  title  and  trust  officer  ;  Andrew  T.  Kay,  assistant  title 
officer  ;  A.  M.  Bcitler,  Francis  E.  Brewster,  Charles  Carver,  Henry 
M.  Dechert,  Samuel  T.  Fox.  William  Gorman,  George  W.  Han- 
cock, John  F.  Lewis,  A.  J.  Maloney,  Wm.  S.  Ringgold,  John  H. 
Sloan,  Fred.  Sylvester,  Frederick  B.  Vogel,  Wm.  Nelson  West,  and 
Isaac  D.  Yocum,  directors. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHLANS. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


THE  UNION  TRUST  COMPANY 

The  City  of  Philadelphia  possesses  more  trust  companies  than 
any  other  in  the  United  States.  Perhaps  the  reason  of  this  is 
because  the  citizens  are  as  a  rule  more  careful  and  conservative 
investors,  preferring  to  take  a  small  profit  on  their  investment  than 
run  the  chances  of  losing  their  all  in  some  wildcat  scheme.  The 
bulk  of  business  trausacted  by  companies  of  this  nature  consists  in 
the  placing  on  the  market  good  securities,   whose  value  is  assured. 

The  Union  Trust  Company  was  first  organized  in  the  summer 
of  1S82,  and  on  October  17th  the  charter  was  granted  ;  shortly  after 
the  institution  was  opened  for  business  with  10  per  cent,  of  the 
capital  paid  in,  or  in  other  words  $100,000.  Quarters  were  obtained 
at  611  and  613  Chestnut  street.  The  officers  of  the  new  corporation 
were  among  the  most  prominent  men  in  financial  circles  at  that 
time.  Col.  W.  C.  Patterson  was  first  President;  Hon.  Heister 
Clymer  was  Vice-President,  and  among  the  directors  were :  Hon. 
Thomas  F.  Bayard,  the  well  known  Delawarean  ;  ex-Governor 
Randolph,  of  Newjersey  ;  and  many 
others  more  or  less  prominent. 
Mr.  Mahlon  S.  Stokes,  the  present 
Treasurer,  is  the  only  one  of  the 
original  officers  who  still  holds  his 
position.  The  others  have  either 
retired  or  died  in  office. 

The  business  of  the  company 
was  even  more  of  a  success  than 
prophesied  by  the  most  sanguine, 
and  it  was  found  that  the  old  build- 
ing would  no  longer  accommodate 
the  steadily  increasing  business. 
Then  came  the  difficulty  in  obtain- 
ing a  suitable  location  on  which  to 
erect  a  building  that  would  in  every 
way  fill  the  requirements.  A  num- 
ber of  offers  were  received  and  con- 
sidered by  the  directors,  but  noth- 
ing entirely  satisfactory  was  pre- 
sented. Among  the  properties  ex- 
amined, however,  was  that  of  Mr. 
William  M.  Singerly,  known  as  the 
old  Masonic  Hall,  or  Masonic  Tem- 
ple property,  and  as  the  result  of 
negotiations,  an  agreement  was  en- 
tered by  him  to  erect  the  magnifi- 
cent building  that  now  covers  the 
entire  lot,  the  central  portion  as  it 
now  stands  being  conveyed  by  him 
to  the  company.  This  was  on  the 
Sth  of  March,  iSSS,  and  for  a  con- 
sideration of  3240,000.  Mr  Singerly 
agreed  to  erect  on  the  central  por- 
tion of  the  lot,  fronting  41  feet  5  ' , 
inches  on  Chestnut  street,  extend- 
ing back  178  feet  to  Jayne  street,  a 
banking  house  adapted  to  the  needs 
of  the  company  and  on  the  26th  of 
July,  1SS9,  a  deed  was  delivered 
conveying  the  title  in  fee,  clear  of 
all  incumbrances  to  The  Union 
Trust  Company.  The  front  of  the  building,  of  which  Willis  G. 
Hale  was  the  architect,  presents  the  idea  of  a  triple  arch,  with  two 
projecting  pillars  relegated  into  flying  buttresses  and  ending  above 
the  triangular  roof  in  minaret  effects.  These  pillars  with  the  rough 
ashler  keystones  forming  the  frieze  between  the  central  elevated 
arch  and  the  roof,  and  the  circular  window  with  its  geometrical 
designs  and  other  features  while  serving  useful  purposes,  and  in  the 
highest  degree  ornate,  need  no  effort  in  imagination  to  suggest  the 
time-honored  symbolism  of  the  Masonic  fraternity,  by  whom  the 
site  was  so  long  occupied. 

As  one  enters  they  are  wonderfully  struck  with  its  lofty  and  im- 
pressive character,  the  vestibuled  doorway  domed  with  opalescent 
glass,  the  spacious  rotunda  eighty  feet  high,  the  wainscoting  of  tiles 
with  the  massive  cornice  covering  about  twenty  of  the  fifty  feet  in 
height  in  the  walls,  and  the  office  wood-work  of  solid  mahogany  in 
the  centre  considerably  above  the  head  of  the  tallest  man,  all  con- 
tribute to  produce  an  effect  of  the  utmost  stateliness  and  dignity. 
The  walls  are  ivory  and  light  buff,  and  the  ceiling  light  blue.  The 
pilasters  of  the  inside  arches  are  black  marble,  and  the  snan  of  the 
arches  is  thirtv-niiie  feet  in  the  clear.  The  main  banking  depart- 
ment is  over  12S  feet  long.  The  arrangement  of  the  offices,  all  the 
fixtures  and  furniture  being  of  mahogany,  is  admirable;  and  here 


too,  the  carved  fluted  columns  and  acacia  friezes  and  shields  are  in 
keeping  with  the  other  emblematic  designs  that  carry  out  the 
historic  suggestions  of  the  edifice  ;  all  the  open  fretwork  is  filled 
with  real  bronze,  of  which  the  gates  at  the  tellers'  windows  are 
also  constructed.  The  dealing  plates  at  the  tellers'  desks  are  slabs  of 
Mexican  onyx.  The  frames  are  filled  with  beveled  glass  of  the 
finest  quality.  On  the  Jayne  street  side,  reached  by  stairways,  is 
the  directors' room  in  blue  and  oak,  with  the  officers'  dining  room 
adjoining  it  on  the  second  floor,  and  two  rooms  above  on  the  third 
floor  intended  as  dining  rooms  for  the  clerks  and  other  employees. 
The  massive  vaults  constructed  in  accordance  with  the  latest 
scientific  achievements  in  that  direction,  are  a  feature  of  the  estab- 
lishment. They  are  nine  in  number,  the  great  central  double  vault 
standing  in  full  sight  in  the  centre  of  the  banking  room,  three  at 
the  back  and  five  underground.  They  are  unusually  large,  and  the 
one  on  the  main  floor  is  finished  to  correspond  with  the  furnishings 
of  the  rest  of  the  interior.  The  three  large  vaults  at  the  back,  two 
for  safe  deposit  business  and  one  for  the  trust  department,  are 
perfect  constructions  of  the  kind, 
adjacent  to  them  are  two  suits  of 
little  private  coupon  rooms,  one  set 
for  men  and  another  for  ladies. 
The  first  of  the  vaults  down-stairs  is 
steel  lined,  and  the  highest  achieve- 
ment in  burglarand  lire-proof  vault, 
it  is  intended  for  jewelry,  plate,  and 
similar  valuables.  The  vaults  are 
built  out  with  passages  between 
them  and  the  walls,  so  that  the 
watchman  can  walk  around  them, 
and  there  is  no  chance  of  commu- 
nication from  the  outside.  Every- 
thing in  connection  with  the  build- 
ing has  been  carefully  thought  out, 
and  is  complete  in  every  particular. 
The  business  transacted  bv  The 
Union  Trust  Company  is  of  such  a 
responsible  and  extensive  charac- 
ter, that  it  is  fast  taking  a  promi- 
nent place  among  similar  financial 
institutions. 

It  acts  as  executor  and  admin- 
istrator for  estates,  becomes  receiv- 
er, guardian,  agent  or  trustee,  ami 
takes  charge  of  the  property  of  ab- 
sentees and  non-residents,  collect- 
ing rents,  remitting  incomes  and 
discharging  all  such  intimate  and 
responsible  duties.  It  receives 
money  on  deposit,  allowing  interest 
on  sight  accounts;  also  makes  in- 
vestments for  such  as  desire  it  to  do 
so.  It  is  the  trustee  of  an  immense 
number  of  corporations  and  large 
concerns. 

When  it  became  necessary  for 
the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad 
Company  to  furnish  an  indemnity 
bond  in  connection  with  its  en- 
trance into  Philadelphia,  The 
Union  Trust  Company  took  the  matter  in  hand.  By  its  charter 
the  Company  is  authorized  to  insure  owners  of  real  estate, 
mortgagers  and  others  interested  in  real  estate  from  loss  by 
defective  title,  liens  and  encumbrances;  it  also  holds  011  deposit 
and  in  trust  as  security  real  and  personal  estate,  including  notes, 
bonds  and  obligations  of  States  and  individuals,  and  is  empow- 
ered to  purchase,  collect,  adjust,  settle  and  sue  such  securities 
on  such  terms  as  may  be  agreed  upon  by  the  contracting  parties. 
The  care  of  valuables  is  of  course  an  important  part  of  its  business, 
the  facilities  being  most  perfect. 

The  business  of  the  Company  has  constantly  increased  from 
the  date  of  its  organization.  It  has  not  yet  availed  itself  of  the 
authority  contained  in  the  charter  to  insure  titles  to  real  estate, 
but  found  it  necessary  to  meet  the  wants  of  many  of  its  patrons 
by  opening  a  savings  fund  department,  the  deposits  and  assets 
of  which  are  kept  separate  from  the  other  business  of  the 
corporation. 

The  officers  are  well  known  to  the  people  of  the  commonwealth 
and  city,  and  among  its  directors  are  many  prominent  and  influen- 
tial professional  anil  business  men.  J.  Simpson  Africa,  President; 
Thomas  R.  Patton,  Vice-President ;  Mahlon  S.  Stokes,  Treasurer 
and  Secretary  ;   and  William  Henry  Price,  Trust  Officer. 


Union  Trust  Company 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


THE  LAND  TITLE  AND  TRUST  COMPANY 

During  the  summer  of  1SS5  some  of  the  most  influential  busi- 
ness men  of  the  city  called  a  meeting  and  through  their  efforts  the 
above  organization  was  incorporated.  The  charter  being  granted 
in  August  of  the  same  year,  and  by  November  2nd  they  were  ready 
to  commence  business  with  ten  per  cent,  of  their  capital  paid  up 
or  in  other  words,  J  100.000.  Temporary  quarters  were  obtained 
at  621  Chestnut  street.  The  success  of  the  institution  became  as- 
sured and  it  was  found  necessary  to  erect  a  building  suitable  to  the 
demands  of  a  steadily  growing  institution.  The  plat  of  ground 
known    as  Ash  Estate   was   purchased   and   the   new   building   was 


The  Land  Title  and  Trust  Company 

started.  It  is  without  doubt  one  ot  the  best  of  the  kind  in  the  city, 
being  fitted  throughout  with  the  newest  appliances  for  furthering 
the  work  in  hand.  The  first  floor  is  devoted  to  the  Banking,  the 
Title  Search,  Real  Estate  and  Trust  Departments  besides  the  Safe 
Deposit  Vaults,  while  the  seventh  floor  is  used  for  the  keeping  of 
what  is  known  as  "  The  Plant."  The  remainder  of  the  building  is 
rented  for  office  purposes. 

The  transfer  of  land  has  always  been  a  complicated  matter 
compared  to  the  transfer  of  personal  property  ;  in  the  latter  the  poss- 
essor may  transfer  title  by  delivery,  in  the  former  mere  possession  is 
not  sufficient  evidence  of  title,  and  as  the  seller  can  only  convey 
such  title  as  he  may  have  every  intelligent  buyer  demands  proof  of 
a  good  title  in  the  seller.  This  involves  proof  of  the  title  of  each 
prior  owner  back  to  the  original  source  of  title. 


During  the  course  of  passing  years  the  number  of  transfers  bv 
deed,  descent,  judicial   sales  anil  the  many  other  causes,  increased. 
Searching  the  title  became  more   and   more   difficult   and   compli- 
cated.    Recorded  deeds  could  only  be  found  by  means  of  public   in- 
dexes  of  the   names   of    the   parties  and   as"  might  be   expected 
numerous  errors  crept  into  these  indexes.    Other  sources  of  errors 
were  numerous  under  this  system  and  at  the  best,  assuming  no  error 
in  the  indexes  or  records,  the   validity  of  a  title  depended   largely 
upon  the  skill  anil  accuracy  of  the  conveyancer  and  the  correctness 
of  the  legal  opinion  based  upon  the  brief  of  title  or  abstract;    the 
conveyancer  or  the  lawyer  not  being  liable  for  loss  except  incase  of 
negligence  clearly  proven.  The  great  reform  instituted  for  the  safe 
transfer  of  title  in  Philadelphia   was  the   adoption  of  the  "  Localitv 
Indexes."    These  were  first  perfected  by  The  Land  Title  and  Trust 
Company,  at  an  enormous  outlay  of  several  hundred  thousand  dol- 
lars and  an  immense  amount  of  labor.      Everv  page  of  everv  book 
of  public  records  from    the  earliest  settlement   of  the  province  of 
Pennsylvania  to  the   present  date  affecting   the    lands    within   the 
County  of  Philadelphia  has  been  examined  and  abstracted  and    the 
abstracts  have  been  sorted,    classified,    indexed,  and   verified,   and 
these  are  kept  from  day  to  day,  so  that  now  in  searching  a  title,  in- 
stead of  depending  solely  upon  the  indexes  of  names  of  the  former 
owners,  they  refer  to  the  abstract  of  all  deeds  referring  to  that  par- 
ticular lot.     The  names  are  thus  disclosed  by  the  deeds  and   the 
deeds  by  the  names,   each   index    operating  as  a  check    upon    the 
other.     The  accuracy  of  the  abstracts  has  been  verified  in  various 
ways,  chiefly  by  surveys  or  drafts  of  the  lots  conveved,  and   bv  fit- 
tins;  these  drafts  together  on   connected  plans.    By  this   means   lo- 
calitv indexes  and  a  scientific  plant  have  finallv  been    constructed, 
which  together  covers  every  foot  of  ground  within  the  above   ter- 
ritory ;  all  that  is  now  really  necessary  in  order  to  search  the   title 
of  an  v  piece  of  ground  is  to  have   its   accurate   description.      The 
company's  plant  includes  not  only  deeds  but  mortgages  and  other 
recorded  instruments  affecting  lands.     The  immense  value  of  such 
a  plant  can  be  appreciated  only  by  those  who  have  had  experience 
in  searching  the  records.       Having  thus   eliminated   the   principal 
sources  of  error  in  the  examination  of  titles,  the  company  backs  up 
the  accuracy  of  its  examination  and  takes  all  the  chances  of  defect 
in    title    from   known  or   unknown  causes  by   insuring  the   title 
against  such  defects.      An  owner  of  land   who  holds  the  company's 
policy  insuring  the  title  in  himself,  is  in  a  position  to    rest  tranquil 
in  his  possession  and  to  mortgage,  lease  or  sell  his  property  without 
delay.     The  value  of  this  method  of  business  can  be  readily  seen 
and  at  present  all  purchasers  of  property  refer  to  this  or  similar  in- 
stitutions before  completing  the  purchase.     Under  the  head  of  trusts 
is  included  every  class  of  business  in  which  the  company  acts  in   a 
fiduciary  capacity.    By  the  act  of  legislature  under  which  it  is  chart- 
ered it  is  authorized  among  other  things  to  execute  trusts  of  descrip- 
tion not  inconsistent  with  the  laws  of  this  State  or  the  United  States. 
This  includes  not  only  technical  trusts  but  the  right  to  act   as   ad- 
ministrator, executor,  assignee  for  creditors,   receiver,   attorney-in- 
fact,  guardian,  mortgage,  trustee  for  corporations,  and  in  fact  many 
other  duties  of  the  same  class.    The  advantages  of  a  strong   well- 
managed   trust  company  arc  patent,    and  the    advantages   of    the 
svstem  are  being  taken  advantage  of  more  and  more  from   time  to 
time.     The  Banking  department  is  similar  in  management  to  all  in- 
stitutions of  the  same  order.    Interest  at  the  rate  of  two  per  cent, 
being  paid  on  deposits  subject  to  check.    The  deposits  of  the  com- 
pany are  steadilv  increasing,  amounting  to  more  than   $1, 500, 000. 
llonev  is  loaned  on  collateral  only,  thus  securing  the  institution 
from  bad  paper.     The  Safe  Deposit  vaults  combine  every  approved 
method  of  modern  construction.    The  massive  double   doors  are 
supplied  with  time  locks,  which  can  only  be  opened  during  business 
hours,  and  the  vaults  as  well  as   the  building  are  properly  guarded 
day  and  night  bv  special  officers.     One  vault  is  reserved  for  the  use 
of  the   company,  another  is  fitted  up  for  the  use  of  renters,  the 
renter  alone  holding  the  key.  Other  vaults  are  used  for  the  storage 
of  boxes  of  silverware  and  other  bulky  articles. 

Since  the  inception  of  the  organization  it  has  been  successful  ; 
the  success  is  eutirelv  due  to  the  careful  and  conservative  form  of 
management  adopted  by  the  board  of  directors.  The  first  president 
was  Mr.  Charles  Richardson,  who  took  office  with  the  understand- 
ing that  he  was  to  be  relieved  as  soon  as  the  institution  was  in  work- 
ing order.  The  officers  and  directors  arc  as  follows  :  President, 
Nathaniel  E.  Janney  ;  Vice-President,  J.  Sergeant  Price  ;  Secretary 
and  Treasurer,  James  P.  P.  Brown  ;  Trust  Officer,  Albert  A.  Outer- 
bridge  ;  Title  Officer,  D.  Russell  Nuttall  ;  Chairman  Finance  Com- 
mittee, George  M.  Troutman.  Directors:  J.  Sergeant  Price,  Harrv 
G.  Clav,  Ellis  G.  Williams,  Win.  R.  Nicholson,  Chas.  Richardson, 
Geo.  M.  Troutman,  Harry  F.  West,  Chas.  F.  Perot.  Nathaniel  E. 
Jannev,  Henry  R.  Gummev,  G.  Colesberry  Purves,  Samuel  S. 
Sharp",  Winthrop  Smith,  Waiter  D.  Allen,  Richard  M.  Hartley. 


So 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


THE  GUARANTEE  TRUST  AND  SAFE  DEPOSIT 
COMPANY 

The  Company  was  duly  chartered  by  special  act  of  the  Legisla- 
ture of  Pennsylvania  on  May  24,  1871,  with  a  capital  of  $1,000,000, 
"  for  the  safe-keeping  of  valuables,  renting  of  safes  in  its  burglar- 
proof  vaults  ;  receiving  of  deposits  of  money  at  interest  ;  the  col- 
lection of  interest  and  income  ;  the  execution  of  all  manner  of  trusts  ; 
the  management  and  settling  of  estates  as  executor,  administrator, 
assignee,  receiver,  guardian,  trustee,  agent  or  attorney,  etc.,  etc." 
The  above  extract  from  the  official  announcement  as  to  the  Com- 
pany's sphere  of  operations,  indicates  how  valuable  its  facilities  are 
to  every  business  man  and  owner  of  valuables  both  in  Philadelphia 
and  elsewhere,  and  the  public  appreciation  of  the  advantages  offered 
is  abundantly  demonstrated  by  the  magnitude  of  the  business  devel- 
oped during  the  twenty  years  of  the  Company's  exist- 
ence. The  par  value  of  its  stock  is  $100,  and  its  value  has 
so  advanced  that  it  was  recently  sold  at  $210  per  share. 
The  original  officers  of  the  Company  were  William  H. 
Rhawn,  president ;  John  S.  Brown,  vice-president  and 
treasurer  ;  and  John  M.  Hazel,  secretary.  They  were  all 
noted  as  shrewd,  conservative 
financiers,  as  was  also  the  Board 
of  Directors,  composed  then  as  ^ 

now  of  representative  business 
men.  The  first  question  of  im- 
portance that  confronted  the 
management  was  the  construc- 
tion of  a  suitable  building  in 
which  to  carry  on  their  business, 
and  weighty  and  lengthy  delib- 
eration attended  their  prelimin- 
ary movements.  The  tangible 
results  of  this  commendable  pol- 
icy are  seen  in  the  magnificent 
edifice  at  Nos.  316,  31S  and  320 
Chestnut  street,  a  structure  un- 
surpassed in  character  and  com- 
pleteness by  any  building  for  a 
similar  purpose  in  the  United 
States,  if  not  in  the  world.  From 
an  architectural  point  of  view, 
it  is  one  of  the  handsomest 
buildings  in  Philadelphia,  and 
possesses  advantages  of  great 
merit  such  as  can  be  found  in  no 
other  structure  in  the  city.  The 
site  was  chosen  with  due  dis- 
crimination to  surroundings,  and  the  building  is  entirely  isolated, 
being  surrounded  either  by  streets  or  wide  areas  of  space.  It  has  a 
frontage  on  Chestnut  street  of  57  feet,  and  extends  to  a  depth  of  19S 
feet  on  both  Hudson  street  and  Carpenter's  court.  The  stone  foun- 
dations are  from  S  to  12  feet  deep,  and  4  feet  thick,  while  the  base- 
ment walls  are  3  feet  thick,  of  hard  brick  laid  in  cement.  Above  the 
main  floor  the  walls  are  2  feet,  3  inches  thick  ;  the  interior  and  par- 
tition walls  are  also  of  hard  brick.  Iron  beams  supported  by  mas- 
sive brick  arches  form  the  foundations  of  the  floors,  which  are  laid 
with  concrete  and  encaustic  tile,  thus  rendering  the  building  abso- 
lutely fire  proof.  The  treasury  room  is  situated  in  the  rear  of  the 
structure,  and  contains  the  massive  fire  and  burglar  proof  vaults, 
six  in  number,  constructed  of  the  most  superior  hardened  iron  and 
steel  plates,  securely  welded  together  and  impenetrable  to  the  finest 
tempered  steel  drills.  As  an  additional  safeguard  this  metal  shell 
is  enclosed  on  all  sides  with  massive  walls  of  dressed  granite  blocks, 
weighing  several  tons  each,  all  laid  in  cement,  and  securely  clamped 


The  Guarantee  Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Company 


and  do  welled  together.  Six  immense  blocks  of  granite,  each  weigh- 
ing about  twenty  tons,  form  the  vault  cover.  The  vaults  are  thus 
made  as  impregnable  to  the  assaults  of  evil-disposed  persons  as  they 
are  to  an  attack  by  the  f.re-fiend.  The  vaults  are  perfectly  drv,  and 
rest  upon  solid  granite  foundations  of  enormous  size  and  weight, 
laid  by  machinery  in  cement,  and  extending  below  the  water  level, 
thus  making  it  impossible  for  an  entrance  to  be  effected  by  under- 
mining. Their  construction  required  about  1700  tons  of  granite 
and  400,000  pounds  of  iron  and  steel.  Extending  ten  feet  above 
the  vaults  are  solid  brick  walls,  with  a  ceiling  of  iron  beams  and 
brick  arches,  and  over  that  a  roof  of  iron  and  slate.  Each  vault  is 
provided  with  two  doors  of  solid  welded  iron  and  hardened  steel 
plates,  each  door  being  fastened  by  two  combination  locks  of  the 
finest  character  and  the  latest  improved  time  lock  attachment,  ar- 
ranged by  separate  combinations,  so  that  two  or  more  persons  must  be 
present  to  open  both  doors  of  any  one  vault.  The  interior 
dimensions  of  the  vaults  are  of  great  magnitude,  each  one  being 
ioxiS  feet  and  7  to  S  feet  high.  Their  capacity  and  convenience 
is  probably  unequalled  by  any  similar  institution  in  the  United 
States,  the  iron  safes  and  boxes  of  various  sizes  numbering  6000. 
Each  safe  is  accessible  only  to  the  renter,  who  carries  the  only 
key  that  will  unlock  it.  Beneath 
the  treasury  is  a  great  plate 
vault,  39x4s  feet  in  size.  The 
rules  governing  access  to  the 
vaults  are  of  the  most  methodical 
and  stringent  character,  thus  af- 
fording the  utmost  guarantee  of 
security. 

Every  safeguard  is  thrown 
around  the  patrons  of  the  Com- 
pany, the  innate  security  of 
its  vaults  being  supplemented 
by  electric  burglar  alarms  on 
doors  and  windows  throughout 
the  building  ;  electric  commu- 
nication with  the  Central  Police 
Station  and  Bell  Telephone  of- 
fice ;  an  electric  recording  clock 
for  testing  the  vigilance  of 
trained  and  armed  private  watch- 
men employed  to  guard  the 
building  day  and  night;  and  by 
an  ingenious  arrangement  of 
signals  and  telephone,  commu- 
nication is  made  throughout  the 
entire  building,  thus  affording 
perfect  safety  to  persons  bring- 
ing valuables,  etc.,  for  deposit.  But  the  greatest  security  of  the 
concern  is  not  in  its  iron,  steel,  brick  and  granite  material  used, 
but  in  the  management  and  the  thorough  system  of  organization 
which  pervades  the  banking  and  safe  deposit  departments.  The 
officers  and  Board  of  Directors  are  composed  as  follows  :  President, 
Richard  G.  Cook  (elected  iSSS) ;  Vice-president,  George  H.  Earle,  Jr. 
(elected  1SS9)  ;  Treasurer,  Harry  J.  Delany  (assistant  treasurer  for  a 
long  period,  and  elected  treasurer  in  1SS5)  ;  Secretary,  John  Jay  Gil- 
roy  (elected  1S77);  Trust  officer,  Richard  C.  Winship  (elected  1S82). 
Board  of  Directors:  Edw.  C.  Knight,  Thomas  MacKellar,  John  J. 
Stadiger,  W.  Rotch  Wister,  Alfred  Fitler,  J.  Dickinson  Sergeant, 
Aaron  Fries,  Chas.  A.  Sparks,  Joseph  Moore,  Jr.,  Richard  Y.  Cook, 
Geo.  H.  Earle,  Jr.,  Jay  Cooke,  Jr.,  and  Conyers  Button.  No. better 
endorsement  can  be  given  the  Company  than  the  publication  of  the 
officers  and  directors,  who  rank  among  the  city's  ablest  and  [most 
conservative  financiers,  their  policy  being  alike  entirely  satisfac- 
tory to  their  patrons  and  the  stockholders. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


THE  PHILADELPHIA  WAREHOUSE  COMPANY 

Was  incorporated  in  May,  1871.  The  company's  banking 
house  is  located  at  No.  235  Dock  street,  the  accompanying  engrav- 
ing showing  the  front  and  western  side  of  the  building.  The  officers 
and  directors  at  present  are  as  follows :  President,  Harry  F.  West ; 
Vice-President,      Beauveau 


Borie ;  Secretary  and  Treas- 
urer, F.  M.  Potts ;  Superintend- 
ent, Robert  H.  Pile.  Direc- 
tors: Harry  F.  West,  Henry  C. 
Gibson,  John  Lowber  Welsh, 
John  H.  Michener,  Beauveau 
Borie,  William  C.  Houston, 
Lawrence  Johnson,  Thomas 
McKean,  Christian  C.  Febiger. 

Among  the  many  privil- 
eges granted  the  Philadelphia 
Warehouse  Company  in  its 
charter,  were  those  of  con- 
ducting a  general  warehousing 
and  storage  business  and  of 
advancing  its  credit  or  money 
upon  any  property  in  its  cus- 
tody, or  upon  bills  of  lading  or 
warehouse  receipts  represent- 
ing goods  on  storage  elsewhere 
or  in  transit. 

This  company  owed  its 
origin  to  a  number  of  the  lead- 
ing business  men  of  Philadel- 
phia, among  whom  may  be 
named,  A.  J.  Drexel,  George 
F. Tyler,  H.  P. McKean,  Henry 
C.  Gibson,  John  S.  Newbold, 
Clarence  H.  Clark,  Adolph  E. 
Bone.  Charles  L.  Boric,  John 
H.  Michener,  Christian  J. 
Hoffman,  John  Lowber  Welsh 
and  T.  Charlton  Henry.  These 
gentlemen  recognized  the  great 
need  of  Philadelphia's  mer- 
chants and  manufacturers  es- 
pecially, for  better  facilities  for 
obtaining  the  necessary  money 
to  conduct  their  business  en- 
terprises without  friction  or 
embarrassment.  To  some  ex- 
tent the  banks  supplied  this 
need,  but  loaning  on  merchan- 
dise not  being  the  legitimate 
prerogative  of  the  National 
banks,  it  was  felt  that  a  wide 
field  was  presented  for  a  new 
company,  whose  chief  business 
would  be  to  extend  its  credit 
to  those  requiring  assistance, 
receiving  for   its  security   satisfactory  merchandise  collateral. 

The  business  thus  established  has  continued  to  grow  in  volume 
as  the  company's  name  and  methods  have  become  more  widely 
known,  and  now,  after  a  career  of  twenty  years,  its  transactions 
amount  to  many  millions  of  dollars  per  annum,  chiefly  in  loans  on 
staple  merchandise. 

With  such  substantial  and  marketable  collaterals  to  secure  all 
its  loans,  the  Philadelphia  Warehouse  Company  has  from  the  first 
enjoyed  the  confidence  of  the  financial  community,  and  now  stands 


with  the  highest  credit  among  the  institutions  of  Philadelphia. 
Having  a  full  paid  capital  of  $1,000,000,  and  such  high  credit,  the 
facilities  of  the  company  for  transacting  the  business  for  which  it  is 
especially  equipped  are  without  an  equal.  The  rates  charged  for 
loan  of  its  credit  or  for  cash  advances  are  quite  moderate  in  view  of 
the  advantages  which  are  offered  the  borrower. 

Recognizing  the  staple  and 
indestructible  character  of  iron 
and  its  products,  the  company 
has  for  many  years  given  es- 
pecial attention  to  advances  on 
this  collateral,  offering  to  bor- 
rowers most  favorable  facilities 
for  effecting  loans.  To  this 
end  the  business  of  the  com- 
pany has  been  extended  be- 
vond  the  confines  of  both  city 
and  State,  and  its  advantages 
have  been  offered  alike  to  local 
and  remote  furnaces.  To  ac- 
complish the  greatest  good  in 
this  direction  storage  yards  are 
established  convenient  to  the 
borrower,  by  lease  of  suitable 
ground  at  nominal  expense.  A 
custodian  is  appointed  to  take 
charge  of  the  iron  for  the  com- 
pany, and  advances  are  then 
made  to  a  reasonable  extent 
on  the  product  of  the  mills  as 
it  is  deposited  in  the  com- 
pany's care.  This  system  has 
worked  admirably  for  all  con- 
cerned, enabling  the  manufac- 
turer to  continue  operating  his 
furnace,  and  to  retain  control 
of  his  market,  where  either 
blowing  out  the  furnace  or 
selling  at  current  prices  would 
entail  great  loss. 

With  the  facilities  thus  of- 
fered, the  merchant,  manufac- 
turer, importer  or  commission 
man  can  store  and  carry  his 
goods  through  periods  of  busi- 
ness depression  when  the  cost 
of  production  cannot  be  real- 
ized, or  a  fair  return  had  from 
the  capital  invested.  Goods 
sold  for  future  delivery  or  made 
in  anticipation  of  their  market 
can  be  temporarily  used,  pend- 
ing sale  or  shipment,  to  supply 
the  capital  requisite  to  keep  the 
plant  active  and  the  operatives 
employed.  The  manufacturer 
can  thus  control  his  own  sales 
and  prices,  placing  the  product  of  the  mill  direct  without  the 
serious  items  of  expense  which  are  often  incurred. 

Through  this  liberal  policy  of  the  company,  the  disadvantages 
resulting  from  the  employment  of  special  capital  can  in  many  cases 
be  avoided.  The  interest  on  such  capital  is  necessarily  a  fixed 
charge,  whether  the  business  shrinks  in  volume  or  not.  By  the  ar- 
rangement above  indicated,  however,  advances  will  be  made, 
practically  supplying  this  necessary  capital,  and  at  a  rate  very  much 
less  than  that  usually  paid  for  it. 


The   Philadelphia   Warehouse  Company 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BANKS  AND  TRUST  COMPANIES. 


THE  MERCHANTS'  TRUST  COMPANY 
This  Company  was  organ  izcd  in   18S9  with  a  capital  stork  of 

SSSfficS  ^t^nsth^^3  ^ 
centrally  located  at  Nos.  6:i  and  615  Chestnut  streS  C°mpany  1S 
nan  M;rful  of  *he  Peculiar  nature  of  the  business  of  a  trust  com- 
pany  the  investments   are   made   in   the   most   carefull      selected 

^mAu^r^mty,adeeUed  moK  imP^ant 't^n  the 
An  important  branch  of  their  business  is  done  in  the  entering 
of  security  for  executors,  administrators  and  other  trustees  of 
estates,  the  moneys  and  securities  being  deposited  with  the  Com- 
pany and  distributed  under  the  decree  of  the  proper  court  ThL 
patrons  *  *"*  aCCOmmodatioi»  a"d  convenience  to  many  of  its 
Constant  offers  of  business  have  to  be  refused  by  the  Conioanv 
by  reason  of  their  speculative  character,  but  enough  remains  to  feep 
the  resources  of  the  institution  actively  engaged  at  all  times  P 

and  SfQ&'Ve  Infsurance  business,  which  is  carried  on  under  proper 
and  satisfactory  traffic  arrangements  with  other  companies  isdevel- 

depreciating      plant      is  avoided.  J 

mi,J!ZiUtTS,tS  and,convenience  of  its  patrons  are  studied  in  the 
minutest  details,  and  those  doing  business  with  the  Merchant 
promptness^"''   ""   ,™aM7   waited   "Pon   with   courtesy   ami 

^Kf8  the  f?Ct  ,that  thc  s"PP'y  of  Safe  Deposit  boxes 
offered  by  the  various  banks  and  trust  companies  is  somewhat  in 
excess  ot  the  demand  at  prices  heretofore  charged,  and  believin" 
rent;,fWhUld  "^  then'1selv« '  °f  'he  protection  thus  afforded  ,f  hf 
nl^?,  H  ,  W3S  '"ad%  sufficle"t'y  moderate,  the  Company  has 

placed  their  charge  at  a  figure  within  the  reach  of  all.  ' 

The  Safe  Deposit   vaults,  which   have   been   constructed   at   a 

suncrvl^ 3yVaHe  "TUled  <lay.an'1  ni"ht  b-v  watchmen  under  the 
supervision  of  the  American  District  Telegraph  Companv,  and  are 
both  fire  and  burglar  proof.  They  have  all  modem  appliance,  of 
safety,  such  as  time  and  combination  locks,  electric  lights  etc  and 
every  means  that  human  ingenuity  can  invent  to  make  them  abso- 
lutely sate  from  without  and  within. 

for  *£?  C1omPan  >'  °Tffers  every  facility  and  convenience  to  its  patrons 
for  do  ng  business.  It  receives  deposits  pavable  by  check  on  deman 1 
and  allows  interest  thereon.  It  collects  rents,  interest,  d"v Wends 
etc.  issues  polices  of  title  insurance  to  real  estate  and  does  a" 
kin  Is  of  conveyancing,  insures  against  decedents'  debts,  mechanic" 
hens,  etc  acts  as  trustee,  guardian,  executor,  administrator 
etc    and  becomes  surety  for  the  same.     It  furnishes  suret     in  cases 

Stocks  and  hl^tarhmentS  ami  appeaIS-  Jt  a,so  acts  *»  registrar  of 
stocks  ana  bonds  of  corporations. 

dolW  ,^6  Savi,,^,Fu,I<1  department  deposits  are  received  from  one 
dollar  upwards  without  limit  to  amount,  pavable  upon  ten  days' 
notice  with  interest  at  the  rate  of  three  per  cent,  per  annum.        ' 
!n./le»!OW",'S  f,"  hSt  of  its  officers  and  directors  :  President 
Joseph  R.  Rhoads  ;  Vice-President,  John   F.Lewis-    Secretarv      ,  i 

BTnneer'nKOb<;rtM^\Sl?arl-V:  T'tle  ™*  Tn,s?  Officer?  ttSllfam 
B.  Lane.  Directors  Nicholas  Brice,  L.  D.  Brown,  Howard  Butcher 
A.  Graham  Elliot,  Thomas  R.  Gill,  Alfred  Gratz,  Chas  S  Hineh 
man  Thomas  S.  Harrison,  Spencer  M.Jannev,  Joiin  F  Lewis^Jo  „ 
Savres     J  '  S'  DaV'S  Pa§e'JosePh  R-  Rhoads,  Edward  S 


R.  G.  DUN  AND  COMPANY 

merctnt,rpiatlnn,e0fhaIf  aCentUry  has  enabIcd  the  above  ^amed 
Si  ^hth  agenC>;,to  actJ,ulre  an  experience  and  accumulate  a  capi- 
tal, which  give  it  the  ability  to  fulfil  in  the  highest  degree   the  du- 

^  ilArizedTo  aP°n  ?■  T^  enUre  bUS1IleSS  ^onnnunTtv  has  been 
familiarized  to  a  .greater  or  lesser  extent  with  its  general'  aim     pur- 

a^antalYandf  and '^-es  distinctive  features  and  superior 
advantages  and  facilities  for  serving  its  patrons,  which  are  worthv 

extePndla  T^™  *°  ^  Wh<JSe  businCSS  re"ders  »  ™  essarv  to 
extend  confidence  or  credit.      A  fact  of  primarv  importance  is  that 

rihers  UK  MSU,eSS  °f  thG  aSency  and  the  number  of  its  sub- 

^o mhine,  ?rbaibly/reate,r  than  a11  other  competitive  concerns 
support W  'S  **  ^f**  reas0»able  to  infer  that  this  extensive 
nnnds  of  th/T!'  °?  -^  ^ad"al  °Ut  CCrtai"  conviction  in  the 
t™ Ift/r  AlW  h,iI?saf1.eJ.obb,ngandn«"«facturiiiKtradeof  the  coun- 
try, after  a  test  of  both  it  and  other  agencies,  that  it  is  the  best 


and  therefore  worthy  of  the  bulk  of  the  patronage.  This  great  ore 
ponderance  of  business  imparts  one  of  its  main  powers  RSuT 
ness  as  it  brings  within  its  scope  the  most  widespread  use^f  ^infor- 
mation; suggestions  and  friendly  criticisms  of  its  report  and  rat" 
ings  from  its  army  of  subscribers,  go  far  to  render  it  „,™T  I 
m  its  conclusions  as  to  the  standing  and  safetv  of  *ader thaTi 
its  information  was  not  so  universally  tested  and  confirmed  This 
™3  TSt  "mP°rtait  and  obvious  element  in  its  capaci  "for  service 
and  should  not  be  overlooked  by  those  seeking  for  Uie  best  obSina' 
Me  assistance  of  this  character.  Aside  from  this  view!  howler  jts 
possession  of  a  large  annual  revenue  for  procuring  and  rendering 
accessible  such  a  vast  volume  of  information.  meases  ft"  claim 
upon  the  confidence  of  the  patrons,  who  benefit  bv  Their  nn, ted 
contribution  to  the  general  fund,  procuring  in  return  the  advantages 
flowing  from  so  large  an  expenditure  for  their  use.     The  law  num 

HCrH°f  b^h  °fficCS  in  ever>-  section  of  tfae  countrv,  now  one  hun 
dred  and  fifty,  each  with  its  local  clientage,  gives  its  perfected  faciT 
alHh^  '  ^  oft:arefully  gathered  information  toK ujon  ar 
all  these  pointy  much  superior  to  other  agencies  not  represented  bv 

dEriSf^     T°  T C ?  °,f  these  °ffices  is  a»ached  a  sma  1  compact 
S      V"th.wblch  **  local  manager  and  his  staff  are  perfect"?  fa 
mil  ar,  who  in  their  turn  develop  the  best   sources  of  Wn™L 
available  in  each  locality,  and  reject  as  nearly ^ TL  ^  be   S^  loc°a" 

nZ?tv'0ninVha-  \nVery  bUSineSSmaU  make^  "Pon  his  own  om! 
munitv.     In  fact  this  agency  possesses  all  the  advantages  of  aee 

XoPt  ZTZ  f  an,,plf  Capitol  °VCr  -VOUn-?er  and  weaker8  concerns' 
Not  the  least  of  which  is  the  trained  and  matured  uidgment  of  hs 
managers  many  ot  whom  have  been  a  quarter  of  a  fentury  and 
more  in  charge  of  their  branches.  "-cumry   ana 

i,n-  iMr'  E'"  r- Scranton,  the  manager  of  the   Philadelphia  district 
as  been  in  charge  of  this  office  for  three  years  past,  hehashowevw 
been  connected  with  the  branch  in  other  capacities  for  some   time 
past,  through  careful  attention  to  business  he  has  gradually  raised 
imselfto  the  top  notch  of  the  ladder  of  position."   Some' idea  of 
lenmnense  amount  of  work  transacted  may  be  taken  from   he  fact 
that  it  records  reports  of  the  character  and  capacity  of  more  than   a 
million  traders  in  the  United  States  and  Canada.     These  reports  are 
revised  penodteally  maintaining  upon  the  records  tor  theP  use  of 
s   bscn bers  a   compilation   of  information   of  the  greatest   possible 
value  the  revision  and  posting  of  winch  involves  a  constant  outla 
ami  the  services  of  many  thousands  of  correspondents,   as   we      as 
several  hundred  traveling  and  local  reporters  in    the   direct  empW 
of  the  agency.     Every  subscriber  has  the  privilege  of  haWhis 
subscription  number  placed  opposite  each  of  those  names  in  which 
he   s  interested   so  that  in  event  of  an  occurrence  of  an  unfavorable 
nature,  he  may  be  promptly  advised  of  the  fact.      This  principle 
ori.gitiat.ng  in  this  Company,  has  been  of  the  greatest  value  to  those 
subscribers  whose  use  of  the  agency  is  largest  ;    but  it  is  eonaUv 
advantageous   to   those  whose   inquiries   are    comparatively   few 
provided   a   list   of  customers   is  furnished  and  the  number  "placed 
^crested  name  f°r  adWCC  aQd  Protection  of  the  snbs^nber 

Aside  from  the  stores  of  detailed  information  on  record  in  the 
various  branch  offices  m  the  shape  of  reports,  the  agency  furnishes 
to  ite  subscribers  the  most  complete  reference  book  ever  issuea   it 
contains  the  location,   names   and    trades   of  over   .,200.000   mer- 
chants  traders,  manufacturers  and  business  men  generally  oppo- 
site each  name  are  figures  indicating  the  estimated  capital'  of  each 
concern   together  with  an  indication  of  its  credit.      The  purpose  of 
the  book  is  that  of  a  ready  reference  for  the  immediate  useof  patrons 
in  the  prompt  decisions  frequently  required  in   matters  of  credi 
For  the  convenience  of  subscribers  desirous  of  reaching  anv  partic- 
ular line  of  business,  a  plan  for  the  classification  of  various  trades 
by  distinctive  signs  has  been  adopted,  which  has  proved  verv  use- 
ful for  any  purpose  of  addressing  circulars,  catalogues     etc  '     The 
reference  is  also  thoroughly  equipped    with   reliable  maps   of  each 
state,  specially  engraved,  showing  even-  post-office  and  railroad  sta- 
tion; by  a  simple  system  of  reference  the  location  of  anv  place  on 
the  map  can  readily  be  determined.     A  valuable  shipping  and  post- 
al guide  is  furnished  to  each  subscriber  with  the  reference  book 
In  important  railroad  centres  it  embodies  local  instruction,  showin" 
the   railroad  companies  taking  freight  from  these  points  to  anv 
place  in  the  country.       No  organization  in  the  countrv  collects  so 
much  money  due  in  the  shape  of  past  due  debts  as  this  agencv 
Ihey  have  throughout  the  countrv  attornevs  whose  bonds  to  their! 
aggregate  an  immense  sum,  so  that  they  are  enabled  to  offer  to 
their  patrons  the  ample   guarantee   that  'any   monev  collected   bv 
their  attorneys  will  be  forthcoming.      The   charges' for   collecting 
past  due  debts  are  reasonable.      The  service  is  excellent  and  if  the 
money  be  collected  the  security  is  bevond  question.     In  conclusion 
we  may  say  that  the  help  of  such  a  widespread  organization   to  the 
mercantile  community  is  almost  incalculable. 


83 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIAXS. 


INSURANCE. 


THE  first  demand  for  insurance  companies  in  America  ap- 
pears to  have  been  made  in  Philadelphia,  it  being  created 


by  the  enterprise  of  the  merchants  of  this  city  in  sending 
out  vessels,  not  only  along  the  American  coast,  but  to  for- 
eign ports,  upon  which  they  desired  policies  of  indemnity.  Up 
to  1 72 1  there  were  no  insurers  in  the  colonies,  and  the  ship  own- 
ers had  to  place  their  risks  under  not  very  satisfactory  conditions 
with  the  private  underwriters  of  London.  In  that  vear  John  Copson  es- 
tablished an  agency  here,  but  it  was  for  a  long  while  unsuccessful.  In  173S, 
when  the  first  fire  company  was  organized  in  Philadelphia,  not  a  single  building 
in  the  city  or  province  was  insured.  The  first  fire  insurance  companv  iu  America 
was  called  "The  Philadelphia  Contributionship  for  the  Insurance  of  Houses  from  Loss 
by  Fire,"  and  was  organized  in  1752.  Benjamin  Franklin  was  a  subscriber  and  a  member 
of  the  Board  of  Directors.  No  other  fire  insurance  company  appeared  in  the  United  States 
until  1783.  In  this  first  company  policies  were  issued  for  a  term  of  seven  years  upon  the 
payment  of  a  deposit,  the  interest  on  which  during  the  continuance  of  the  policy  belonged  to 
the  company.  In  England,  it  was  not  until  after  the  great  fire  in  London  of  1666  that  a  gen- 
eral system  of  fire  insurance  was  established.  The  year  following  the  fire  mutual  nre  insurance 
clubs,  granting  insurance  not  exceeding  500  pounds  sterling  on  a  single  risk,  were  formed.  In 
May,  1680,  the  London  merchants  established  the  first  fire  insurance  company.  The  rates  were  5 
per  cent,  for  brick  and  10  per  cent,  for  timber  houses.  In  16S6  the  whole  scheme  of  insurance 
became  system  ized.  In  that  year  the  "Hand  in  Hand  "  was  established  as  a  mutual  office,  the 
"  Sun  Fire  "  in  1710  ;  and  these  were  quickly  followed  by  other  companies.  A  slight  examination 
of  the  amount  of  money  expended  in  life  insurance  in  Pennsylvania  well  illustrates  the  enormous 
capital  invested  in  this  way  each  year.  The  population  of  Pennsylvania  may  be  set  down  in  round 
numbers  at  five  million  individuals  of  all  ages,  embracing  about  a  milliou  of  families  or  heads  of  fam- 
ilies. A  late  report  of  the  State  Insurance  Commissioner  shows  that  there  was  paid  out  by  the  people  of  Pennsylvania  for  life  insurance 
in  the  last  fiscal  year  up  to  June  30,  1.N91,  the  extraordinary  amount  of  515,630,984.18.  This  is  an  average  of  $15  for  every  family  iu 
the  State.  At  the  close  of  the  year  1S90  the  life  insurance  policies  then  in  force  upon  the  lives  of  residents  of  this  State  amounted  to 
5448.888,715,  provided  for  in  877,430  policies.  As  we  have  shown,  Philadelphia  was  the  first  to  lead  off  in  fire  and  marine  insurance, 
and  it  was  also  the  first  city  in  the  colonies  to  establish  a  scheme  of  life  insurance.  This  was  done  in  1759.  In  that  vear  a  char- 
ter was  granted  to  "The  Corporation  for  the  Relief  of  Poor  and  Distressed  Presbyterian  Ministers  and  to  the  Poor  and  Distressed 
Widows  and  Children  of  Presbyterian  Ministers.''  This  company  is  still  in  existence,  and  is  known  as  the  oldest  life  insurance  organ- 
ization iu  the  United  States,  though  its  name  has  been  changed  to  that  of  "The  Presbyterian  Annuity  and  Life  Insurance  Company." 
In  this  year,  (S91,  there  are  in  Philadelphia,  of  local  companies  alone,  nineteen  fire  and  marine  insurance  organizations,  with  a  capital 
of  5S, 210. 000  and  assets  of  over  530,000,000.  There  are  six  mutual  companies,  with  assets  of  nearly  54,500,000,  making  a  grand  aggre- 
gate of  some  534, 500, 000  of  assets  held  in  trust  by  the  Philadelphia  fire  and  marine  companies  alone,  not  counting  the  almost  innumera- 
ble agencies  of  other  companies  in  the  United  States.  There  are  besides,  seven  life  companies  holding  assets  footing  up  some  534,000.000, 
and  in  addition  to  all  the  home  companies  there  are  twenty-six  European  and  two  Canadian  companies  doing  business  in  Philadelphia. 
Their  capital  is  532o56.ooo.  and  their  assets  nearly  5192.000,000.  Again,  there  are  twenty-three  Pennsylvania  tire  and  marine  companies 
other  than  those  chartered  here,  established  in  Philadelphia,  and  they  show  a  capital  of  53,545,000,  with  55,600,000  of  assets.  The  offices 
of  fire  and  fire  and  marine  compauiesof  other  States  located  in  Philadelphia  number  ninetv-niue,  representing  a  capital  of  545, 744, 000  and 
assets  of  5100,500,000.  Thirty-five  life  and  accident  companies  of  other  States  have  agents  here  who  trade  in  assets  of  nearly  5450,000,000. 
The  manner  of  formation  of  the  "Philadelphia  Contributionship  for  the  Insurance  of  Houses  from  Loss  by  Fire,"  which,  as  we  have 
stated,  was  the  first  fire  insurance  company  in  Philadelphia,  is  interesting  in  comparison  with  which  such  things  are  managed  nowadays. 
At  the  centennial  meeting  of  the  company,  April  12,  1852,  Horace  Biunev,  speaking  of  the  manner  of  formation,  said  it  was  very  simple 
anil  direct.  "Two  or  three  persons  of  activity  and  esteem  caused  to  be  prepared  the  articles  of  association  and  agreement  creating  the 
company  and  declaring  the  terms  and  conditions  upon  which  they  would  insure  the  houses  and  buildings  of  each  other  in  and  near  the 
city  of  Philadelphia,  and  against  loss  by  fire,  and  the  extent  and  limitation  of  the  liability  of  the  association  for  the  loss.  These  articles 
of  agreement  they  called  a  deed  of  settlement,  and  it  was  to  be  signed  at  first  by  all  who  were  willing  to  iusure  with  the  company,  and 
after  the  first  election  of  directors  and  treasurer,  who  were  to  be  chosen  annually  for  the  government  of  the  company  by  all  who  should 
in  tact  insure  with  them."  The  "  Mutual  Assurance  Company."  for  the  insurance  of  houses  from  loss  by  fire,  was  the  second  company 
to  appear  after  the  Contributionship,  for  iu  17S3  it  was  organized  by  a  number  of  members  of  the  original  company  who  seceded.  The 
point  iu  dispute  was  that  an  additional  premium  should  be  demanded  on  all  buildiugs  in  contiguity  to  inflammable  trees.  The  next 
company  to  follow  was  the  "Insurance  Company  of  North  America,"  and  it  had  its  origin  in  a  meeting  held  at  the  State  House,  Novem- 
ber 3,  1793.  This  was  the  first  joint  stock  company  created  in  America.  It  was  chartered  to  do  all  sorts  of  insurance  business,  but  has 
confined  itself  to  fire  and  marine.  The  "  Insurance  Company  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania"  obtained  its  charter  April  iS,  1794.  The 
"  Mutual  Marine  Insurance  "  was  inaugurated  with  the  incorporation  of  the  "  Union  Mutual  Insurance  Company,"  in  1804.  Iu  1S10  the 
colored  people  of  Philadelphia  opened  an  office,  under  the  title  of  the  "African  Insurance  Company  of  Philadelphia."  at  159  Lombard 
street.  This  was  the  first  attempt  of  colored  people  to  establish  an  insurance  company  iu  the  United  States.  The  company  was,  how- 
ever, never  incorporated. 

It  is  scarcely  necessary  at  this  day  to  speak  of  the  advantages  of  fire  insurance.  Philadelphia  is  called  the  City  of  Homes  because  so 
great  a  proportion  of  the  inhabitants  own  the  places  in  which  they  dwell.  After  having  secured  his  home  the  first  and  most  sensible  act 
of  the  possessor  is  to  insure  it,  so  that  if  swept  away  by  fire  all  his  savings  would  not  be  lost.  But  the  rich  man  as  well  as  the  compar- 
atively poor  man  is  equally  as  careful.  The  business  tact  which  has  made  him  rich  teaches  him  the  folly  of  running  any  unnecessary  risk. 
It  would  be  impossible  to  point  to  any  great  property  owner  anywhere  throughout  the  civilized  world  who  leaves  his  property  uninsured 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


INSURANCE. 


AMERICAN  FIRE  INSURANCE  COMPANY 

Beginning  in  1S10  and  rapidly  acquiring  a  business  that  was 
limited  only  by  the  commercial  area  and  demands  of  the  country, 
the  American  Fire  Insurance  Company  has  progressed  steadily  in 
popular  favor  and  appreciation,  expanding  with  the  country.  Year 
after  year  it  has  gone  on  piling  up  its  surplus  and  adding  to  its 
reserve.     In  their  last  statement  the  assets  of  the  Company  are  set 


American   Fire  Insurance  Company 

forth  as  follows:  cash,  SS9.S19.55;  real  estate,  5244, 473. 62  ;  bonds 
and  mortgages,  $1,236,950.00;  stocks  and  bonds,  $1,132,682.07  ; 
loans  and  collateral,  5211,700.00  ;  ground  rents,  57,253.34  ;  premiums 
in  course  of  collection,  $62,521.46  ;  interests  and  rents  due  and 
accrued,  $22,921.54;  assets,  March  1,  1S91,  $3,008,321.58.  This 
statement  tells  the  history  of  long-continued,  careful  management 
and  wise  administration,  which  has  made  tbe  name  of  the  American 
Fire  Insurance  Company  the  synonym  of  stability  and  liberality, 
not  only  in  Philadelphia,  but  throughout  the  country.  Through 
the  more  than  eighty  years  of  its  history  the  Company  has  not  only 
preserved  and  upheld  the  high  plane  of  honorable  and  conscientious 
dealing,  upon  which  it  was  established,  but  it  has  allowed  no  deter- 


ioration of  integrity  or  intelligent  direction  in  the  officers  who  have 
conducted  and  administered  its  affairs.     Both  in  presidents  and  sec- 
retaries, as  well  as  its  directors,  have  been  men  who  were  not  only 
qualified  for  the  position  (often  serving  long  apprenticeship  in  the 
Company),  but  they  have  generally  been  men  who  have  attained 
prominence  and  distinction   in  connection  with  other  important 
interests  in  the  community.     A  good  share  of  the  history  of  Phila- 
delphia   during  the   past  eighty   years  could  be  written  merely 
through  the  continued  biographies  of  the  men  who  have 
been  associated  with  the  American  Fire  Insurance  Com- 
pany during  a  period  so  eventful  in  the  progress,  both  of 
the  city  and  nation.     This  is  especially  the  case  with  the 
ten  presidents  of  the  Company,  who,  in  many  instances, 
have   been  closely  identified  with  much  relating  to  the 
steady  onward  march  of  commercial  and  industrial  enter- 
prise, and  the  material  well-being  of  the  City  of  Brotherly 
Love.   The  officers  of  the  Company  since  its  organization, 
together  with  the  dates  of  their  terms  of  office,  are  as  fol- 
lows :    President,  William  Jones,  March  3,  1810,  to  Feb.  9, 
1813;  Guy  Bryan,  Feb.  9, 1813,  to  May  2,  1S15 ;  James  Van- 
uxem,  May  2,  1S15,  to  May  6,  1S17  ;  Chandler  Price,  May 
6,  1817,  to  Dec.  20,  1S24  ;   Joseph  Reed,  Dec.  20,  1824,  to 
June  17,  1S29;    William  Davidson,  June  17,  1829,  to  Oct. 
27,  1S47;    Samuel  C.  Morton,  Oct.  27,  1847,  to  May  13, 
1857;  George  Abbott,  May  13,  1S57,  to  Jan.  3,  1S60;  Thos. 
R.  Maris,  Jan.  n,  1S60,  to' April  25, 1S82  ;  Thos.  H.  Mont- 
gomery, April  25,  1882.     Vice-Presidents,  Thos.  H.  Mont- 
gomery, Nov.  24,  1S80,  to  April  25,  1SS2  ;  Chas.  P.  Perot, 
Feb.  14,  1SS9.     Secretaries,  Edward  Fox,  March  3,  1S10, 
to  April  11,  1S22  ;    Wm.  Jones,  April  15,  1S22,  to  Dee.  7, 
1S24 ;  Job  Bacon,  Dec.  23,  1824,  to  Nov.  16,  1840;  Fred- 
erick Fraley,  Nov.  19,  1840,  to  Oct.  27,  1847  ;   Frans  D. 
Janvier,  Oct.  27,  1847,  to  Oct.  1,  1S49 ;  Jos.  G.  Mitchell, 
Oct.  1,  1S49,   to  April  2,  1855;    Thos.  R.  Maris,  April  5, 
1S55,  to  Jan.  11,  1S60;  A.  C.  L.  Crawford,  Jan.  11,  i860,  to 
July  S,  1S86  ;  Richard  Maris,  Aug.  2,  1S86.     Actuary,  Jas. 
B.  Young,  Nov.  S,  1S83.     The  first  Board  of  Directors  con- 
sisted of  Wm.  Jones,  Jas.  Yanuxem.   Richard  Bache,  Jr., 
John  Savage,  Thos.  McCuen,  Jos.  Reed,  Guy  Bryan,  John 
Sergeant,  Chandler  Price.    The  present  officers  and  Board 
of  Directors  are :   President,  Thos.  H.  Montgomery  ;  Yice- 
President.  Chas.  P.  Perot;  Secretary,  Richard  Maris;  Ac- 
tuary, Jas.  B.  Young.     Board  of  Directors,   T.  H.  Mont- 
gomery, John  T.  Lewis,  Israel  Morris,  P.  S.  Hutchinson, 
Alexander  Biddle,   Chas.   P.  Perot.  Jos.  E.  Gillingham, 
Samuel  Welsh,  Chas.  S.  Whelen  and  Edward  F.  Beale,  Jr. 
The  first  meeting  of  the  gentlemen  interested  in  the 
Company  was  held  at  the  Mansion  House  Hotel,  on  Third 
street   near  Spruce,  on  January   15,   1S10,  and   the  first 
meeting  of  the  corporators  was  held  in  March  following, 
at  the  City  Hotel,  on  Second  street  above  Walnut,  when 
the  first  Board  of  Directors  was  elected.    The  regular  busi- 
ness of  the  Company  was  commenced  on  March  17,  1S10, 
in  the  office  of  the  first  secretary,  Edward  Fox,  who  then 
resided  at  No.  73  Chestnut  street  (now  No.  2291.     A  few 
weeks  later  the  office  was  removed  to  No.  101  Chestnut 
street  (now  Nos  311  and  313),  which  property  was  pur- 
chased for  the  use  of  the  Company,  and  which  is  now  oc- 
cupied by  the  building  of  the  Bank  of  the  Republic.  After 
remaining  on  Chestnut  street  for  thirty  years,  in  Novem- 
ber, 1S40,  the  office  of  the  Company  was  removed  to  Nos. 
70  and  72  Walnut  street  (now  Nos.  30S  and  310).     The 
property  was  bough:  in  1S3S,  and  under  the  direction  of 
Job  Bacon,  the  secretary,  the  modern  building  was  erected 
at  a  large  expense.     But  many  changes  have  been  made 
to   it  since  then  ;    additions  constructed  and  all  modern 
improvements  and  conveniences  added.   The  interior,  we 
might  say,  has  been  wholly  remodeled.    The  office  on  the 
second  floor,  before  the  improvements  were  made,  was 
the   first  office  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company. 
In   1SS5  the  whole  of  the  first  floor  was  converted  into  one  office, 
which  the  American  Fire  Insurance  Company  now  occupies.     It  is 
impossible  in  our  limited  space  to  sketch   this  Company  with  the 
justice  it  deserves,  and  will  close  by  quoting  a  paragraph  from  the 
London  Reviezv,  which,  coming  from  a  leading  foreign  authority, 
show's  the  standing  of  the  Company  abroad.    It  says  :  "The  position 
of  the  American  Fire  Insurance  Company,  of  Philadelphia,  is  an 
exceptionally  powerful   one,  and  one  that  commends  itself  to  the 
approval  of  all  impartial  critics.     The  Company  is  one  as  to  the 
presence  of  which  in   this  country  no  exception,  as  far  as  we  are 
aware,  has  ever  been  taken  by  any  fire  underwriter  in  the  United 
Kingdom." 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


INSURANCE. 


PENNSYLVANIA  FIRE  INSURANCE  COMPANY 

One  of  the  oldest  and  most  successful  fire  insurance  companies 
in  this  city  is  the   "Pennsylvania,"   which  was  incorporated   in 
March,   1S25,  and  commenced  active  operations   in   the   following 
month.     There  was  at  that  time  only  one  company  in  Philadelphia 
engaged     exclusively    in   a   general    fire    insurance   business,    and 
the     projectors    of  the  Pennsylvania,   realizing    the    opportunity 
for  increased  facilities   in   that 
direction,  issued  a  formal  public 
prospectus,  showing  that  an  ad- 
ditional   company  was   needed 
and  stating  their  determination 
to  organize  such  an  association, 
with  a  capital  of  5200,000,  di- 
vided into  shares  of  Jioo  each, 
and  to  apply  to  the  Legislature 
for   an    Act   of    Incorporation. 
The   project   found    immediate 
favor,  and   one   hundred   gen- 
tlemen   subscribed    for  twenty 
shares  of  stock  each.     Robert 
A.  Caldcleugh  was  elected  the 
first     President,     February     4, 
1825,  and  declining  a  renomi- 
nation,    was    succeeded,    Sep- 
tember   8,    1S35,   bv  Jonathan 
Smith,  who  filled  the  office  un- 
til his  death.     Ouintin  Camp- 
bell was  elected  December  10, 
1839;     resigned    the     position 
alter   several    years    of    official 
service,  and  was  succeeded  bv 
Jonathan      Patterson     June     6, 
1S53.     Lie  held  the  place  until 
July,  1S65,  when  Daniel  Smith, 
Jr.,  was   chosen   his    successor. 
Mr.  Smith   resigned  in   Febru- 
ary, rS73,and  was  immediately 
succeeded  by  the  late  John  Dev- 
creux,  whose  death  occurred  in 
1S90.     Col.  R.  Dale  Benson,  for 
several  years  Vice-President  of 
the   Company,   was  elected  to 
vacancy   August    19,  1S90,    and 
has  since  discharged  the  duties 
ui  the   responsible   office  with 
great  ability.  The  management 
of  the  company  is  now  vested 
in  the  following  able  corps  of 
officers:  President.  R.  Dale  Ben- 
sou  ;    Vice-President,  John    L. 
Thomson  ;   Secretary,  W.  Gard- 
ner Crowcll ;    Assistant  Secre- 
tary, Charles  W.  Merrill  ;  Gen- 
eral   Agent,   John    H.    Davis; 
Solicitor,  Geo.  Tucker  Bispham. 
Col.  Benson  is  a  native  Phila- 
dclphian,    born    December    6, 
1S41.     He  graduated  from   the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
the  class  of  i860,  before  he  was 
nineteen  years  of  age  ;  and  was 
among  the  earliest  to  respond 
to  President  Lincoln's  first  call 
for  troops,  entering  the  service 
as    a    private     and     emerging 
therefrom     as     Brevet    Major. 
After  having  served  for  a  con- 
siderable period  as  a  director, 
first  of  the  Insurance  Company 
of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  and  afterwards  of  the   Franklin  Fire 
Insurance  Company,  he  was  elected  Vice-President  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania Fire  in  February,  1SS1,  continuingin  that  position  until  elected 
President.     Vice-President  Thomson  has  been   connected  with  the 
company  since  March  7,  iS64,  having  in  the  meantime  served  as 
clerk,  assistant  secretary  and  secretary,  his  promotions  being  entirely 
due  to  his  ability  anil  the  careful  and  faithful  discharge  of  his  many 
duties.     Secretary  Crowell  entered  the  service  of  the  company  in 
October,    1S73  ;  was  elected  assistant  secretary  January   10,    i8Sr, 
and  secretary,  September  1,  1S90.     Assistant  Secretary  Merrill  was 
elected  to  the  office  at  the  same  time.     He  has  been  surveyor  of 


Pennsylvania  Fire  Insurance  Company 


the  company  for  many  years.  Under  conservative  and  careful 
management  the  business  has  prospered,  and  the  company  early 
secured  the  confidence  of  the  community.  Its  charter  was  made 
perpetual  and  the  capital  stock  was  placed  at  5200,000,  with  shares 
of  %  100  each,  at  which  figure  it  remained  stationary  for  a  consider- 
able period,  but  at  length  it  was  increased  to  5400,000,  paid  up, 
where  it  has  since  remained.  One  hundred  shares  of  the  stock 
was  all  that  could  be  owned  by  any  one  person  and  it  was  stipulated 
that  in  all  such  cases  the  par- 
ties should  be  citizens  or  resi- 
dents of  the  United  States.  So 
great  was  the  popularity  of  the 
movement  that  when  the  first 
installment  of  Jio  per  shate 
was  paid  in,  February  16,  1825, 
the  stock  commanded  a  pre- 
mium of  ten  per  cent,  on  the 
cash  payment  made.  The  area 
of  operations  was  mostly  con- 
fined to  Philadelphia  and  vicin- 
ity for  several  years,  but  not- 
withstanding this,  the  .growth 
was  steady  and  substantial,  and 
by  the  close  of  the  year  1S45 
the  assets  stood  at  5581,436.  In 
the  great  conflagration  in  Bos- 
ton in  1872.  the  Pennsylvania 
Fire  was  a  heavy  sufferer,  its 
losses  thereby  having  been 
about  5530,000,  the  result  of 
which  was  to  impair  the  capital 
stock  5133.141.  In  January 
following  an  assessment  on 
the  stock  was  ordered  by  the 
directors  to  make  good  the 
deficit.  It  was  promptly  re- 
sponded to  and  the  company 
went  forward  with  renewed 
energy  and  increased  prosper- 
ity, so  that  at  the  end  of  the 
half  century  of  its  existence 
(1875)  the  assets  stood  at 
51.s59.104,  and  the  net  surplus 
at  5375.665. 

The  growth  of  the  company 
from  the  latter  period  to  the 
present  has  been  most  marked. 
The  official  report,  issued  in 
January,  1S91,  shows:  Gross 
assets,  53,485.310.45  ;  net  sur- 
plus over  capital  and  all  liabili- 
ties, 51,440.307.72  ;  net  amount 
of  risks  in  force,  5169,194,491  ; 
net  cash  received  for  premiums 
(all  fire)  during  1S90,  $1,189,- 
561.13;  total  income  received 
during  the  year,  including  in- 
terest, 51.351,982.71;  net 
amount  paid  for  losses  in  same 
period,  5667,687.66  ;  total  ex- 
penditures. 51,148.161.40.  An 
item  in  this  connection  deserv- 
ing of  attention  is  the  ratio  of 
surplus  to  the  total  assets.  It 
suggests  at  once  a  high  order  of 
managerial  skill  in  both  the 
underwriting  and  financial  de- 
partments. From  the  organi- 
zation of  the  company  to  De- 
cember 31,  1S90,  it  received  in 
premiums   the   grand    total    of 


519,019,140;  paid  for  losses,  511.383,98s;  and  paid  in  cash  divi- 
dends, 52,469,000. 

All  over  the  country  the  name  of  the  Pennsylvania  Fire,  whose 
handsome  offices  are  at  No.  510  Walnut  street,  is  the  synonym  for 
integrity  and  solidity  in  the  underwriting  work,  and  this  is  the 
largest  encomium  which  can  be  passed  upon  the  company's  official 
direction. 

Its  present  location  is  that  where  the  Corporation  was  organ- 
ized and  commenced  business  in  1S25.  The  building,  though 
altered,  in  the  Egyptian  style,  the  only  example  of  the  kind  in  the 
city,  is  partially  of  original  construction. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILA DELPHI ANS. 


INSURANCE. 


FRANKLIN  FIRE  INSURANCE  COMPANY 

The  charter  of  the  Franklin  Fire  Insurance  Company  of 
Philadelphia,  was  obtained  from  the  Legislature  in  1829,  and 
was  approved  by  Governor  J.  Andrew  Shulze,  April  22,  of 
that  year.      The  Commissioners  for  receiving  subscriptions 


Franklin   Fire   Insurance  Company 

for  the  stock  were  Charles  Graff,  Benjamin  W.  Richards, 
John  K.  Kane,  Robert  Toland,  Levi  Ellmaker,  Robert  Taylor, 
James  Schott,  Peter  Hertzog,  Thomas  Cave,  Charles  N. 
Bancker,  Samuel  Patton  and  Robert  O'Neill.  All  those  Com- 
missioners are  now  dead.  The  books  were  opened  May  13, 
1S29,  at  the  house  of  Daniel  Rubicam,  No.  20  South  Sixth 
street,  and  the  stock  was  so  quickly  taken  up  that  they  were 
closed  the  following  day.  A  meeting  of  the  stockholders  to 
elect  directors,  at  which  Richard  Willing  was  made  president 
and  Charles  Dutilh,  secretary,  was  held  on  June  S.  The 
Company  began  business  June  25,  1S29,  at  No.   163  ■>  Chest- 


nut street,  under  a  lease  from  Stephen  Girard  signed  by  him- 
self. In  1844  the  increasing  business  demanded  therenting  of 
the  adjoining  property,  No.  163.  The  numbering  was  soon 
changed  by  City  Councils,  and  those  buildings  became  Nos. 
435  and  437.  May  1,  1S73,  the  Franklin  moved  to  its  present 
locality  No.  421  Walnut  street.  They  had  purchased  the  prop- 
erty and  adapted  the  building  to  the  wants  of  the 
Company.  The  first  perpetual  policy  issued  by 
this  Company  is  still  in  existence,  and  was  made 
to  Alexander  Henry,  July  20,  1829.  It  has  been 
transferred  to  various  parties  but  has  never  been 
allowed  to  lapse.  Since  the  year  1831,  the  Frank- 
lin, without  a  single  exception,  has  made  an  an- 
nual dividend,  the  yearly  average  being  20  per 
cent.  It  is  doubtful  if  a  corporation  exists  an3-- 
where  that  can  make  as  great  a  showing.  The 
stock  of  this  Company  is  always  in  demand. 
There  have  been  heavy  losses  on  account  of  fires, 
but  its  assets  have  nevertheless  steadily  increased, 
until  they  are  now  largely  in  excess  of  53,000,000. 
The  first  agency  planted  by  the  Franklin  was 
at  Lexington,  Kentucky,  in  1831.  This  method 
of  extending  business  was  at  that  time  crude,  and 
the  Franklin  must  be  given  the  credit  of  being 
the  pioneer  in  a  system  that  has  grown  to  one  of 
vast  proportions.  John  Tilford,  a  merchant  of 
Lexington,  was  appointed  the  first  Agent. 

The  Lexington  agency  was  followed  up  with 
the  opening  of  offices  at  Trenton  and  Newark, 
New  Jersey  ;  York  and  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania; 
Richmond,  Virginia  ;  Nashville,  Tennessee  ;  Bal- 
timore, Maryland  ;  and  in  numerous  other  cities 
and  towns  in  the  United  States. 

The  progress  of  the  Company  in  its  more 
than  sixty  years'  existence  has  been  onward  and 
upward,  and  remarkably  successful.  The  names 
of  many  former  Philadelphians  of  note  grace  the 
records  of  the  Company .  Among  them  appear 
Hon.  Henry  C.  Carey,  Charles  N.  Bancker,  Eli  K. 
Price,  Clement  C.  Biddle,  Judge  Cadwalader,  Dr. 
Chapman,  George  Fales,  Samuel  Grant,  Judge 
Kane,  John  McAllister,  Jr.,  Thomas  I.  Wharton 
and  Richard  Willing. 

The  present  officers  and  directors  of  the  Com- 
pany are  :    President,  James  W.  McAllister  ;  Vice- 
President,   Francis  P.   Steel  ;    2d  Vice-President. 
^\_  George  F.   Reger  ;    Secretary,   Ezra  T.   Cresson  ; 

Assistant  Secretary,  Samuel  W.  Ka_v.    Directors  : 
Jas.  W.  McAllister,  Alfred  G.  Baker,  Alfred  Fitler, 
Francis  P.  Steel,  Geo.  A.  Heyl,  Geo.  Fales  Baker,  M.  D.,  John 
Wright,  Chas.  M.  Swain,  Chas.  W.  Potts  and  John  Sailer. 
The  assets  of  the  Company  on  January  1,  1S91,  were  : 


Mort^a^es 
Real  Estate    . 
Loans  on  Collaterals 
Bonds  and  Stock 
Cash     ... 

Total 

Capital 

Insurance  Reserve   . 
Unpaid  Losses,  Dividends 
Net  Surplus  . 

Total  Assets,  January 


S   49S, 265.95 

308,150.00 

1,055,341.00 

',oS9,305oo 
262,168.45 

$3,213,23040 

$  400,000  00 


$3,->3.-3°-4° 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


INSURANCE. 


G1RARD  FIRE  INSURANCE  COMPANY 

The  historv  of  this  Company  and  that  of  its  honored  President, 
Alfred  S.  Gillett,  is  as  inseparable  almost  as  the  bark  and  the  tree. 
He  was  its  originator  and  has  continued  with  it  through  its  success- 
ful career  without  once  severing  his  connection.  Not  only  did  he 
organize  the  Company  but  wrote  and  obtained  its  charter.  He  was 
the  first  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  and  the  great  success  it  has 
attained  is  largely  due  to  his  untiring  efforts  and  energetic,  yet 
conservative  management.  Mr.  Gillett  was  among  the  earliest,  if 
not  the  actual  pioneer  in  the  starting  of  a  "  general  insurance 
agency  system,"  among  the  companies  he  represented  being  the 
Connecticut  Mutual  Life.  His  business  assumed  such  large  pro- 
portions that  he  conceived  the  idea  of  establishing  a  journal  on  his 
own  account,  to  be  devoted  to  the  interests  of  the  insurance  busi- 
ness. Accordingly  he  issued,  on  March  6,  1S50,  the  initial  number 
of  "The  Insurance  Advocate  and  Journal,"  the  first  insurance 
publication  ever  issued,  either  in  the  United  States  or  elsewhere. 
The  paper  was  readable  and  instructive,  useful  and  prosperous, 
soon  achieving  a  large  circulation.  Owing  to  a  desire  to  enlarge 
the  field  of  his  activity  he  disposed  of  his  journal  and  came  to 
Philadelphia  in  the  same  year,  where  he  began  the  business  of 
underwriting,  for  which  he  was  so  well  fitted  by  his  previous 
experience.  He  drew  around  him  such  strong  Philadclphians  as 
Hon.  Joel  Jones,  first  President  of  the  ( jirard  College  ;  Chief  Justice 
George  W.  Woodward,  Judges  Loring  and  Strong,  Hon.  Judge 
Cunningham,  Hon.  Furman  Sheppard,  Messrs.  Swain,  Abel  and 
Simmons,  of  the  Public  Ledger,  and  many  others  of  similar  worth 
and  reputation  ;  with  their  assistance  lie  organized  die  Girard  Fire 
and  Marine  Insurance  Company,  with  a  capital  stock  of  5200.000, 
divided  into  2000  shares  of  a  par  value  of  $100.  Hon.  Joel  Jones 
was  chosen  President ;  Hon.  George  W.  Woodward,  Vice-President, 
and  Mr.  Gillett,  Secrctarv  and  Treasurer.  The  stockholders 
included  several  other  men  of  the  same  high  standard,  among  them 
being  Thomas  Craven,  Hon.  Chambers  McKibbcn,  Hon.  Furman 
Sheppard,  General  Reuben  G.  Hale.  Hon.  Sylvester  Dana,  Hon. 
S.  D.  Shoemaker.  Hon.  John  M.  Cummings,  of  Wilkcs-Barre,  and 
Messrs.  M.  C.  and  C.  I.  DuPont,  the  well-known  powder  manufac- 
turers, whose  works  are  located  upon  the  Braudywinc,  near  Wil- 
mington, Delaware.  The  capital,  as  we  said  above,  was  originally 
5200,000,  but  later  it  was  increased  to  5300,000.  The  stock  recently 
sold  at  between  $3So  and  $390.  With  such  an  able  set  of  men  at  its 
head  the  success  of  the  new  Company  could  not  be  doubted  and  its 
business  grew  rapidly.  It  would  be  useless  to  follow  its  movements 
in  detail,  as  year  after  year  brought  to  it  additional  prominence  and 
ever-increasing  business.  It  was  held  in  the  highest  esteem  and 
never  once  did  it  fail  to  meet  its  obligations  promptly  and  to  the 
entire  satisfaction  of  the  insured.  We  will  glance  for  a  minute  at 
its  condition  in  1S75.  Many  changes  have  been  made  in  its  man- 
agement ;  some  of  those  who  were  instrumental  in  its  formation 
had  passed  to  the  world  beyond  ;  others  had  severed  their  connec- 
tions by  resigning,  but  the  old  pioneer, ,  Mr.  Gillett,  still  remained 
in  harness,  and  we  find  him  one  step  higher  in  the  ladder  which  is 
said  to  lead  to  fame  and  fortune.  He  was  the  Company's  Vice- 
President.  Hon.  Robert  R.  Deardou,  in  an  issue  (November  15, 
1S75)  of  his  United  States  Review,  under  the  heading  "The  Old 
Girard,"  after  saying  that  "the  fine  sense  of  honor  and  the 
methodical,  conservative  and  intelligent  manner  in  which  the  old 
time  companies  of  this  city  have  transacted  their  business  in  the 
past,  have  given  them  endurable  prestige  all  over  the  country  and 


made  them  the  synonyms  for  strength,  good  faith  and  general 
excellence  everywhere,"  pays  this  just  tribute  to  the  Company. 
"Among  these  corporations  stands  conspicuously  the  Girard  Fire 
Insurance  Company.  Its  history  dates  from  the  year  1853,  and 
furnishes  a  record  of  uniform  growth,  success  and  honor.  It  is 
justly  regarded  as  one  of  the  staunch  and  progressive  companies  of 
the  country,  and  as  embodying  in  its  management  some  of  the 
ablest  talent  in  the  profession.  It  has,  as  a  Companv,  stood  out 
boldly  upon  a  basis  of  independent  thought  and  action,  ignoring  all 
alliances  or  combinations,  and  depending  entirelvupon  its  resources, 
inherent  ability  and  the  well-known  repute  of  its  officers  and  direc- 
tors for  its  progress,  and  the  results  have  been  to  secure  for  it  a  very 
large  and  extensively  scattered  business,  which,  notwithstanding 
its  proportions,  has  enabled  it  for  years  past  to  show  a  ratio  of  gross 
losses  to  gross  earnings  since  organization  that  is  hardly  equalled 
on  the  score  of  lightness  by  any  company  in  the  laud  whose  career 
extends  over  a  series  of  years.  That  ratio  to-day  is  only  about  47 
per  cent.,  and  we  know  of  nothing  on  record  which  can  equal  the 
exhibit. 

"The  assets  of  upward  of  $1,000,000  are  invested  in  superior 
securities,  and  in  the  acceptance  of  risks  the  greatest  caution  and 
ample  remunerative  rates  of  premium  arc  rigidly  insisted  upon. 
No  company  in  the  country  battles  more  strenuously  than  the 
Girard  for  the  maintenance  intact  of  all  those  wise  and  conservative 
fundamental  principles  which  have  made  the  underwriting  pro- 
fession important  and  honorable  as  a  factor  in  the  business  world." 

This  complimentary,  yet  wholly  deserved,  article  was  published 
sixteen  years  ago,  and  what  was  true  then  of  the  Companv  is  true 
to-day,  only,  however,  to  a  greater  extent.  The  upward  course  of 
its  progress  has  never  once  for  a  moment  been  checked,  and  it  con- 
tinues to  hold  the  position  in  that  line  of  business  it  assumed  at  its 
inception — the  lead.  Consider  for  a  moment  its  last  annual  state- 
meut,  issued  January  1,  1S91,  and  the  truth  of  our  assertion  is 
readily  apparent.  Under  the  head  of  "  Investments  and  Securities," 
we  find  these  items  :  Real  estate  (unincumbered),  $298,800;  bonds 
and  mortgages,  first  liens,  5715.800;  United  States  bonds,  587,840  ; 
State;  city  and  county  bonds,  $56,650  ;  railroad  and  other  securities, 
5326,979.75  ;  interest  and  rents  accrued,  516,947.90  ;  cash  on  deposit 
and  in  office,  582,586.87  ;  total  assets,  $1,586,604.52;  re-insurance 
reserve,  $656,022.05;  all  other  liabilities.  560,712.07  ;  total  liabilities, 
8716,735.02.  Thus  the  Company  has  a  surplus  of  $868,869.50.  If 
more  evidence  was  needed  to  demonstrate  the  financial  success  of 
the  Company  it  could  be  found  in  the  simple  statement  that  the 
dividends  of  the  Company  aggregate  24  per  cent,  annually. 

The  Girard  has  two  offices  in  this  city,  the  principal  one  being 
at  the  northeast  corner  of  Seventh  and  Chestnut  streets,  and  a 
branch  office  at  13S  South  Fourth  street.  The  management  has 
undergone  many  changes  since  1S75,  and  Vice-President  Gillett,  of 
that  year,  is  now  President  Gillett.  The  remaining  orricers  and 
Board  of  Directors  are  :  Vice-President  and  Treasurer,  James  B. 
Alvord ;  Secretary,  Edwin  F.  Merrill  ;  Assistant  Secretary,  Julius 
B.  Allen  ;  Directors,  Alfred  S.  Gillett,  Furman  Sheppard,  Thomas 
MacKellar,  Henry  F.  Kenncy,  John  Supplee.  Silas  Verkes.  Jr. , 
James  B.  Alvord,  Chas.  P.  Turner,  M.D.,  Chas.  M.  Sloan.  John  C. 
Lowry,  Simon  Gratz.  They  are  all  gentlemen  of  extensive  business 
experience,  conservative  in  management,  yet  energetic  and  pro- 
gressive, and  to  the  hearty  aid  they  lent  their  old  and  honored 
president  is  due  largely  the  prosperous  condition  of  the  Company, 
whose  future  cannot  but  be  as  bright  and  successful  as  has  its 
past. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHIL  A  DELPHI A  XS. 


INSURANCE. 


ALFRED  S.  GILLETT 

This  article  would  be  incomplete  were  we  not  to  glance  at  the 
history  of  President  Gillett  previous  to  the  inception  of  the  com- 
pany. Although  for  forty  years  a  resident  of  Philadelphia,  he  is 
not  a  native  of  this  city,  but  of  New  England.  He  was  born  in 
the  parish  of  Gilead,  town  of  Hebron,  Connecticut,  March  17,  1S1S, 
and  was  the  son  of  Rev.  Nathan  Gillett,  who  was  a  pastor  there 
for  about  twenty-five  years.  His  ancestors,  both  on  the  paternal 
and  maternal  side,  were  among  the  earliest  colonists  of  New  Eng- 
land. He  is  a  descendant  of  the  seventh  generation  of  Nathan 
Gillett,  who,  with  his  brother  Jonathan  had  emigrated  from  near 
Dorchester,  England  [whence  the  family  had  long  before  fled  from 
France  to  avoid  religious  persecution],  and  settled  at  Dorchester, 
Massachusetts,  not  many  years  after  the  landing  of  the  Pilgrims. 
From  here  the  family  scattered  in  the  course  of  time  to  various 
parts  of  the  country,  the  ancestors  of  our  subject  locating,  prior 
to  1700,  in  Windsor,  Conn.  On  his  mother's  side  Mr.  Gillett  is 
descended  from  the  Jones  family,  famous  in  the  colonial  and  Rev- 
olutionary annals  as  well  as  in  the  late  important  events  in  the 
country's  history.  Among  them  was  Anson  Jones,  second  Presi- 
dent of  the  Republic  of  Texas,  who  graduated  as  a  physician  in 
Philadelphia. 

President  Gillett's  grandfather  was  an  officer  [commissioned 
by  George  II.]  in  the  colonial  war,  and  also  served  under 
General  Israel  Putnam  in  the  Revolutionary  War.  Colonel 
John  Jones,  the  common  ancestor  of  the  American  family,  sat  in 
164.8,  as  one  of  the  judges  of  Charles  I.  of  England,  and  was 
married  in  1623  to  a  sister  of  Oliver  Cromwell.  On  the  restoration 
of  Charles  II.  he  was  put  to  death  on  the  17th  of  October.  1670. 
His  sou,  William  Jones,  who  married  Miss  Hannah  Eaton,  daughter 
of  the  Hon.  Theophilus  Eaton,  first  Governor  of  the  Colony  of 
New  Haven,  Connecticut,  came  to  America  with  his  father-in-law 
some  vears  after  the  execution  of  his  father.  He  and  his  wife  are 
both  buried  in  New  Haven,  under  the  same  stone  with  Governor 
Eaton.  His  sou  Isaac,  who  died  in  New  Haven  in  1741,  left  ten 
sons  and  five  daughters,  one  of  the  former  being  the  father  of 
Captain  Samuel  Jones,  an  heroic  officer  in  the  French  and  Indian 
and  Revolutionary  Wars.  The  Captain  had  ten  children,  and 
from  this  branch  of  the  family  was  descended  Hon.  Joel  Jones 
and  Hon.  Anson  Jones,  both  of  whom  have  been  herein  before 
referred  to. 

Lydia  Jones,  daughter  of  Captain  Samuel  Jones,  an  old  colonial 
officer,  married  the  Rev.  Nathan  Gillett,  father  of  our  subject ;  she 
was  a  noble  Christian  woman,  highly  esteemed  for  her  many 
virtues  and  sterling  character.  Rev.  Nathan  Gillett  presided  over 
the  church  at  Gilead  from  1799  to  1S24,  removing  to  Western  New 
York  about  1826,  where  he  continued  in  the  ministry  many  years. 
He  returned  to  the  land  of  his  fathers  subsequently,  where  he  died 
in  1S45  ;  his  wife  followed  him  exactly  a  score  of  years  later.  Two 
sons  of  this  union  are  all  that  are  left  of  the  family,  viz  :  Ralph, 
residing  in  Hartford,  Connecticut,  and  Alfred  S.,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch.  The  latter  went  to  New  York  with  his  parents,  but 
later  returned  to  Connecticut  to  finish  his  education,  and  subse- 


quently entered  the  counting  house  of  an  elder  brother,  remaining 
there  until  1S37.  He  then  went  to  Georgia,  becoming  book- 
keeper for  a  large  mercantile  firm,  who,  some  time  later,  desired 
to  locate  a  branch  house  in  Texas.  They  offered  young  Gillett  an 
interest,  but  he  declined  and  returned  to  New  England,  where  he 
invested  his  savings  in  such  merchandise  as  he  deemed  salable  in 
the  Republic  of  Texas,  This  was  in  1840,  four  years  after  the  State 
had  revolted  from  Mexico,  and  the  war  with  that  country  was  still 
in  progress.  The  tenure  of  property  was  uncertain  and  business 
of  all  kinds  hazardous,  but  Mr.  Gillett  with  his  characteristic 
energy,  was  successful  in  his  ventures  and  realized  handsomely 
from  his  enterprise.  During  this  time  he  made  the  acquaintance 
of  Samuel  Houston,  then  President  of  the  Republic,  and  to  this 
day  he  delights  in  relating  what  he  saw  in  Texas  iu  these  early 
days,  and  of  its  chief  official,  of  whom  he  relates  many  pleasing 
and  interesting  incidents.  Upon  Mr.  Gillett's  return  to  Georgia, 
where  he  continued  the  mercantile  business,  he  was  appointed  post- 
master of  the  district  in  which  he  dwelt.  Later  he  returned  to 
Connecticut  and  engaged  in  the  same  pursuit  in  the  region  of  his 
nativity,  and  which  was  near  the  birthplace  of  the  wife  of  his 
youth,  who  was  the  eldest  daughter  of  General  Asa  Fuller,  of 
Somers,  Connecticut.  A  son  and  daughter  were  the  result  of  this 
union,  who,  with  their  dearly  beloved  mother,  are  long  since 
deceased. 

He  afterwards  located  in  Chicopee,  then  a  part  of  what  is 
now  the  city  of  Springfield,  Mass.,  and  after  spending  some  time 
in  the  law  office  of  Hon.  Chas.  R.  Ladd,  ex-auditor  of  the  Com- 
monwealth of  Massachusetts,  he  entered,  in  1847,  upon  the  vocation 
to  which  the  greater  part  of  his  life  has  been  devoted — that  of  in- 
surance. He  was  among  the  earliest,  if  not  the  actual  pioneer 
in  the  starting  of  a  "  General  Insurance  Agency  System."  We 
have  shown  in  the  beginning  of  this  article  his  early  connection 
with  insurance  and  how  he  was  instrumental  in  organizing  the 
Girard  Fire  anil  Marine  Insurance  Company,  witli  which  he  has 
been  continuously  connected  since,  and  but  little  remains  to  be 
added. 

Mr.  Gillett  is  a  Republican  iu  principle,  but  in  no  sense  a 
politician.  He  has  been  a  keen  and  intelligent  student  of  the 
country's  governmental  principles,  its  history,  social  condition, 
resources  and  natural  characteristics,  its  financial  and  industrial 
institutions,  its  scenery  and  famous  places.  As  a  traveller  he  has 
covered  every  portion  of  the  United  States,  and  a  large  portion 
of  Europe.  This  love  of  travel,  so  thoroughly  indulged,  has  doubt- 
less done  much  to  counteract  the  wear  and  tear  of  business  re- 
sponsibilities and  has  preserved  for  him  a  constitution  and  physi- 
cal vigor  and  the  appearance  of  almost  youthful  force.  Domestic 
in  his  tastes  and  habits  notwithstanding  his  love  for  travel.  He 
married  his  second  wife  a  number  of  years  ago,  shortly  after  re- 
turning from  a  trip  to  the  Pacific  coast,  in  1881.  She  was  a  Miss 
Ella  Gratz,  daughter  of  the  late  Edward  Gratz,  of  this  city.  En- 
joying the  highest  social  relations,  she  now  presides  over  her 
beautiful  and  hospitable  home  at  Wallingford,  made  attractive  by 
her  Christian  character  and  the  happiness  and  esteem  of  her  hus- 
band. 


89 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


INSURANCE. 

THE  DELAWARE   INSURANCE  COMPANY 


QM0Mi 


The  "Old  Delaware  Mutual"  is  a  household  word  in  Philadelphia.  Founded  in  i>S35, 
it  at  once  took  its  place  of  prominence  among  the  Fire  and  Marine  Companies  of  the  country. 
It  has  never  dealt  in  technicalities — its  claims  have  always  been  promptly  met,  and  its  large 
assets,  and  the  prominence  of  its  direction,  have  always  given  that  certainty  which  is  so 
important  in  an  Insurance  Company  ;  therefore  its  motto  of  "Just,  Prompt,  Certain,"  which 
surrounds  the  head  of  the  Delaware  Chief  (the  Company's  trade  mark)  has  been  fully  earned. 

The  assets  of  the  Company  on  January  i,  of  the  present  year,  amounted  to  $1,504,386, 
all  invested  in  the  most  careful  manner. 

The  Directors  of  the  Delaware  are  all  gentlemen  who  have  been  prominent  and  successful 
as  merchants,  bankers  and  manufacturers,  and  an  examination  of  the  list  shows  a  strength 
which  at  once  inspires  confidence.  The  Compauy  has  its  principal  office  in  its  own  building 
a  handsome  brownstone  structure  at  the  southeast  corner  of  Walnut  and  Third  streets.  It 
also  owns  a  valuable  building  where  its  business  is  conducted  in  Pittsburg,  and  its  agencies 
are  in  all  the  principal  towns  from  Maine  to  Texas,  and  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific. 


BOARD    OF    DIRECTORS. 


TATTNALL  PAULDING, 
President. 


WILLIAM  C.  HOUSTON, 
Of  late   firm  of  Houston   & 
Robinson,  Wool  Merchants  ; 
late  President  Union  League, 
Philadelphia. 

H.  FRANK   ROBINSON, 
Of  late    firm    of   Preaut    & 
Robinson ;   Acting  Vice-Con- 
sul of  Russia. 

HENRY  P-  SLOAN, 
Of  W.  W    Sloan   &  Co.,  Cot- 
ton Commission. 

JOHN  H.  MICHENER, 

Firm  of  J.  II.  Michener  & 
Co.,  Provision  Packers ;  Pres. 
of  Hank  of  North  America, 
Philadelphia 

JOHN  H.  CATHERWOOD, 
Late  of  John  H.  Catherwood 
&  Co.,  Tea  Merchants. 

N.  PARKER  SHORTRIDGE. 
Late  of  Shortridge,  Borden 
&  Co.,  Dry  Goods  ;  Director 
Pennsylvania  R.  R. 

ANDREW  WHEELER, 
Firm  of  Morris,  Wheeler  & 
Co.,  Iron  Merchants. 

JOEL  J.  DAILY, 

Firm  of  Joel  J.  Baily  &  Co., 
Wholesale  Notions. 

JAMES  BATEMAN. 
Late  of  Justice,  Bateman  & 
Co.,  Wool  Merchants. 

RICHARD  A.  LEWIS, 
Late  of  J.  E.  Caldwell  &  Co., 
Jewelers. 

DANIEL  DONOVAN, 
Firm  of  C.  H.  Garden  &  Co., 
Hats. 

JAMES  S.  MOORE, 
Secretary  and   Treasurer  of 
Gloucester  M'f  g  Co. 

JUSTUS  C.  STRAWBRIDGE, 
Firm  of  Strawbridge  &  Clo- 
thier, Dry  Goods. 


FRANCIS  B.  REEVES, 
Firm  of   Reeves,   Parvin   & 
Co.,  Grocers. 

ROBERT  SHOEMAKER. 
Firm  of  Robert  Shoemaker 
&  Co.,  Drug*. 

MALCOLM  LLOYD, 
Vice-President  Atlantic   Re- 
fining Co. 

B.  FRANK  CLYDE, 
Firm  of  Wm. P.  Clyde  &  Co., 
Shippers. 

EUGENE  DELANO, 
Firm   of  Brown  Brothers  & 
Co.,  Bankers. 

EDWARD  I.ONGSTRETH, 


SAMUEL  CASTNER,  JR., 
Firm  of  Castner  &  Curl 


WILLIAM  F.  READ, 


FRANCIS  M.  BROOKE, 
Firm  of  F.  M.  &  H.  Brooke, 
Grain  Merchants :  President 
Chamber  of  Commerce. 

RICHARD  H.  DOWNING, 
Of  late  firm  of  Morris,  Jones 
&  Co..  Iron  Merchants. 

DANIEL  BAUGH, 
President  Baugh  &  Sons  Co., 
Fertilizers. 

WILLIAM  H.  CASTLE, 
Firm  of  Edwards  &  Castle. 

WILLIAM  P.  HENSZEY, 

of    Burnham,    Parry, 


Willi. 


i  &  Co. 


The  Delaware  Insurance  Company 


HENRY  M.  DECHERT, 
Attorney-at-Law ;    President 
Commonwealth   Title    Insu- 
rance and  Trust  Co. 


90 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


INSURANCE. 


THE  SPRING  GARDEN  INSURANCE   COMPANY 

This  Company  was  incorporated  by  a  special  Act  of  the  Assem- 
bly, April  28,  1S35. 

The  first  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Directors  was  held  at  the 
house  of  Daniel  Holz,  when  Miles  N.  Carpenter  was  elected  Presi- 
dent and  Samuel  Hart,  Secre- 
tary. The  Company  com- 
menced business  August  29, 
1S35,  in  offices  at  the  south- 
west corner  of  Sixth  and  Wood 
streets,  afterwards  removing 
to  the  northwest  corner  of 
Sixth  and  Wood  streets.  The 
original  capital  of  the  Com- 
pany was  $120,000,  which  has 
been  increased  from  time  to 
time,  until  now  it  amounts  to 
$400,000.  In  18S1  the  Com- 
pany again  removed  their  offi- 
ces to  the  handsome  building 
now  occupied,  No.  431  Walnut 
street,  which  they  had  pur- 
chased and  rebuilt  as  shown 
in  the  engraving. 

The  progress  of  the  Com- 
panv  has  been  continuous  and 
creditable  to  the  management. 
It  has  promptly  met  every 
obligation  and  shows  a  hand- 
some surplus  over  all  liabili- 
ties. To  Mr.  John  H.  Dohnert, 
reccntlv  deceased,  for  thirty 
years  President  of  the  Com- 
pany, is  largely  due  the  suc- 
cess and  prosperity  the  Com- 
pany has  attained.  Morton 
McMichael  also  filled  the  office 
of  President. 

The  company  did  no  agen- 
cv  business  until  1883,  but 
since  that  year  a  large  number 
of  agencies  have  been  estab- 
lished, employing  from  three 
hundred  to  four  hundred 
agents,  who  are  scattered 
throughout  Maine,  Massachu- 
setts, Connecticut,  Rhode 
Island,  New  York,  New  Jersey, 
Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Mary- 
land, West  Virginia,  Ohio, 
Indiana,  Illinois,  Tennessee, 
Michigan,  Wisconsin,  Minne- 
sota, Missouri,  Arkansas,  Ne- 
braska, Kansas,  Indian  Terri- 
tory, Texas,  Wyoming,  Colo- 
rado, New  Mexico,  Utah  Terri- 
tory, and  the  District  of  Columbia.  If  further  proof  was  required  to 
show  the  success  and  prosperity  of  the  company,  the  fact  that  it  has 
paid  annual  dividends  of  sixteen  per  cent,  since  1S76,  would  be 
ample  testimony.  The  company  does  not  depend  alone  upon  its 
income  from  insurance  to  pay  its  dividends  or  increase  its  surplus. 
Its  ability  to  add  to  its  account  is  due  as  well  to  the  management  of 
its  interest  account.  The  company,  while  possessing  a  very  broad 
charter,  transacts  only  a  fire  insurance  business. 

At  no  time  in  the  history  of  the  company  has  its  management 


Spring  Garden   Fire  Insurance  Company 


been  more  capable  than  it  is  now.  The  officers  and  directors  are 
among  the  ablest  business  men  of  the  city.  A  glance  at  the  list 
will  tell  the  story.  President,  William  G.  Warden  ;  Vice-President, 
Charles  Roberts;  Secretary,  G.  B.  Armitage  ;  Assistant  Secretary, 
Clarence  E.  Porter;  Board  of  Directors,  W.  G.  Warden,  John  E. 
Graeff,  Samuel  B.  Huey,  Charles  Roberts,  W.  W.  Gibbs,  John 
B.  Stetson,  Joseph  M.  Gaz- 
zam,  W.  W.  Kurtz,  Samuel 
T.  Fox,  Harry  A.  Berwind, 
J.  Wesley  Supplee,  Josiah  F. 
Bailey,  John  M.  Shrigley, 
Henry  L.  Davis.  Mr.  Warden 
is  a  director  and  largely  inter- 
ested in  the  Standard  Oil  Com- 
pany ;  Mr.  Roberts  is  a  retired 
manufacturer,  and  represents 
the  Ninth  Ward  of  the  city  in 
Common  Council.  The  widely- 
kno  .vn  and  popular  secretary  of 
the  company,  Mr.  Armitage,  is 
an  efficient  officer.  His  able 
assistant,  Mr.  Porter,  is  one  of 
the  most  widely  and  favorably 
known  insurance  men  in  the 
city,  and  has  been  in  "  har- 
ness "  for  thirteen  years.  Mr. 
Graeff  is  a  member  of  the  firm 
of  Graeff,  Wilcox  &  Co.,  miners 
and  coal  shippers;  Mr.  Huey, 
one  of  the  prominent  lawyers 
of  Philadelphia,  is  also  soli- 
citor for  the  company ;  Mr. 
Gibbs,  of  the  United  Gas 
and  Improvement  Company ; 
Mr.  Stetson,  President  of  the 
John  B.  Stetson  Company;  Mr. 
Gazzam,  a  lawyer,  and  ex-State 
Senator  ;  Mr.  Kurtz,  banker  ; 
Mr.  Fox,  real  estate  agent; 
Mr.  Berwind,  of  the  Berwind- 
White  Coal  Company ;  Mr. 
Suppiee,  President  of  the  Corn 
Exchange  National  Bank,  and 
wholesale  flour  merchant ;  Mr. 
Bailey,  iron  broker  and  con- 
tractor; Mr.  Shrigley,  retired 
manufacturer,  and  President  of 
the  Williamson  Industrial 
School ;  Mr.  Davis,  of  the 
Atlantic  Refining  Company. 

The  assets  and  liabilities  of 
the  company,  December  31, 
1S90,  were  as  follows  :  Assets, 
real  estate,  $201,000;  mort- 
gages, $490,265.44 ;  stocks  and 
bonds,  $355,050;  collateral 
loans,  $208,150;  premiums 
in  course  of  collection,  $34,396.92 ;  interest  due  and  accrued, 
$11,863.19;  rents  due  and  accrued,  $349:  casll>  $60,201.23;  total 
assets,  $1,361,275.78;  liabilities,  re-insurance  reserve  (term), 
$196,054.51;  re-insurance  reserve  (perpetual),  $381,069.23;  losses 
unpaid  (not  due),- $34,256. 16 ;  all  other  claims,  $823.05  ;  total,  $612,- 
202.95;  capital,  $400,000  ;  surplus  over  all  liabilities,  $349,072.83 ; 
total  liabilities,  $1,361,275.78. 

The  losses  paid  amount  to  upwards  of  $2,600,000,  and  dividends 
to  stockholders,  $[,673,215. 


,^" 


J^^siEa 


The  Pennsylvania  Company  for  Insurances  on  Lives  and  Granting  Annuities 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


INSURANCE. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  COMPANY  FOR   INSURANCES  ON 
LIVES  AND  GRANTING  ANNUITIES 

The  oldest  institution  of  the  kind  in  the  United  States,  begin- 
ning early  in  the  present  century.  On  the  9th  of  December,  1809,  at 
the  Merchant's  Coffee  House,  then  located  on  the  west  side  of  Second 
street,  below  Chestnut,  at  the  corner  of  Gold  street,  a  meeting  of 
citizens  was  held,  called  by  a  number  of  Philadelphia  gentlemen  for 
the  formation  of  such  a  company.  Among  the  points  agreed 
upon  at  this  meeting  were  : 

1st.  The  Company  is  to  be  named  or  styled,  The  Pennsylvania 
Company  for  Insurances  on  Lives  and  Granting  Annuities,  etc. 

2d.  The  stock  to  consist  of  £500,000  to  be  divided  into  shares 
of  j  100  each. 

3d.  The  following  persons,  namely  :  William  Jones.  Patrick 
Gcrnon,  John  Warder,  John  Welsh,  Augustin  Bousquet,  William 
Newbold  and  Jacob  Shoemaker,  shall  be  a  Committee  or  temporary 
Board  of  Directors  for  drafting  the  articles  of  Association,  organiz- 
ing the  Company,  and  reporting  thereon  with  all  convenient  dis- 
patch to  a  meeting  of  the  subscribers  to  be  held  for  that  purpose. 

At  subsequent  meetings  more  than  the  amount  of  the  capital 
stock  was  subscribed  for,  a  Board  of  Directors  chosen  and  a  com- 
mittee appointed  to  obtain  from  the  Legislature  a  charter  of  incor- 
poration. It  was  provided  that  if  the  committee  failed  to  get  the 
charter  from  the  Legislature,  subscribers  to  the  stock  could  with- 
draw their  subscriptions  if  they  so  desired.  The  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives in  January,  iSro,  refused  the  application  for  the  charter 
ami  a  number  of  subscribers  thereupon  withdrew.  The  remaining, 
however,  under  the  name  of  the  Pennsylvania  Company  for  Assur- 
ances on  Lives,  Granting  Annuities  and  Reversions,  persisted  in 
their  efforts  and  obtained  a  charter  which  was  approved  by  the 
Governor  March  10,  1812.  By  this  charter  the  Company  was  stvled 
The  Pennsylvania  Company  for  Insurances  on  Lives  and  Granting 
Annuities,  and  this  name  it  still  retains.  March  17,  1812.  the  stock- 
holders elected  Joseph  Ball  the  first  President  of  the  Coinpanv,  and 
on  the  27th  of  the  same  month  Jacob  Shoemaker  was  chosen  Ac- 
tuary. On  June  17,  1812,  James  Paul  was  elected  President, 
retiring  January  20,  1S13.  January  13.  1813,  the  stockholders  at  the 
Merchant's  Coffee  House,  named  the  following  as  the  Board  of 
Directors:  James  Paul,  Patrick  Gcrnon,  Joseph  Peace,  Israel 
Whelan,  John  Boylcn,  Samuel  I).  Vorke.  Lewis  D.  Caqjentcr,  John 
Clayton,  Joshua  I.ongstreth,  Jeremiah  Warden,  Jr.,  Samuel  Hodg- 
den,  Cadwalader  Evans  and  Joseph  Huddell.  On  the  20th  of  Janu- 
arv  the  same  year,  the  Board  elected  Samuel  Hodgden,  as  the 
third  President  of  the  Company.  It  was  resolved  by  the  Board  on 
the  1st  of  April  1813,  that  the  business  should  be  carried  on  at  the 
house  of  Jacob  Shoemaker,  the  Actuary,  and  the  President  was  in- 
structed to  obtain  a  strong  box  to  contain  the  papers  ami  that  this 
box  should  be  kept  in  the  Philadelphia  Bank.  The  Company  sold 
the  first  securities  and  effected  the  first  insurance  on  the  lotli  of 
June,  1813.  In  September  of  the  same  year  they  leased  the  house 
Xo.  72  South  Second  street.  The  front  and  back  parlors  on  the 
first  floor  only  were  used  for  the  business  of  the  Company,  the  re- 
mainder of  the  house  being  rented  out  to  the  Actuary  who  resided 
therein.  The  first  divide,  being  four  per  cent,  on  the  amount  of 
capital  paid  in,  was  declared  July  3,  1815.  The  property  on  the 
north  side  of  Chestnut  street,  between  Fifth  and  Sixth  streets,  then 
No.  173,  now  509,  was  purchased  in  1S17,  and  therein  the  Company 
built  a  fire  proof  vault  for  their  books  and  papers,  and  the  following 
year  they  removed  there  all  their  business  from  the  old  office  on 
Second  street.  At  the  close  of  the  year  1825,  they  removed  from 
Chestnut  street  to  the  northwest  corner  of  Walnut  and  Third.  I'p 
to  1S30,  the  business  was  confined  to  the  Insurance  on  Lives  and 
granting  Annuities,  and  in  investing  the  money,  all  transactions 
being  conducted  under  the  original  charter.  The  only  supplement 
to  this  charter  at  this  time  was  that  approved  April  .S,  1S29,  which 
merely  enlarged  the  number  and  character  of  securities  in  which 
they  were  permitted  to  invest  their  funds.  February.;,  1S30,  the 
Board  of  Directors  appointed  a  committee  to  consider  the  subject 
of  receiving  deposits  in  trust,  that  is,  receiving  money  from  persons 
and  carrying  out  and  executing  such  trusts  as  those  depositing  the 
money  should  designate.  The  committee  declared  it  was  expedient 
for  the  Company  to  enter  into  this  business.  The  report  was 
adopted  and  the  President  and  Solicitor  were  instructed  to  take  the 
opinion  of  Messrs.  Horace  Binney  and  John  Sergeant,  as  to  the 
power  of  the  Company  to  so  act  under  its  charter  and  the  supple- 
ment. The  increase  in  business  now  demanded  greater  office  accom- 
modations. They  were  first  inclined  to  obtain  No.  70  South  Third 
street,  owned  by  Stephen  Girard,  but  they  decided  that  the  rent 
asked  was  too  high  and  chose  the  house  immediately  adjoining  on 
the  south,  being  No.  72,  now  13S.     In  May,  1S30,  they  removed 


thereto  all  their  effects.  Messrs.  Binney  and  Sargcant  declared 
the  right  of  the  Company  to  enter  upon  the  trust  business,  and  the 
stockholders  indorsed  the  recommendation  of  the  Directors  at  their 
meeting  January  II,  183 1.  But  at  an  adjourned  meeting  held 
Novembers,  1832,  it  was  resolved  that  it  was  inexpedient  for  the 
Company  to  go  into  the  Trust  business  and  that  the  matter  be  in- 
definitely postponed.  Although  the  subject  was  frequentlv  brought 
before  the  Board  nothing  was  actually  done  until  November  5,  1835, 
when  a  committee  was  appointed  to  apply  to  the  Legislature  for  a 
supplement  to  the  charter  authorizing  a  Trust  business.  The  fol- 
lowing year  such  a  supplement  was  approved  by  the  Governor. 
L'nder  it  the  Company  is  allowed  to  receive  propertv,  real  and 
personal,  in  trust  and  to  accept  trusts  of  any  description.  The 
courts  can  appoint  the  Company  to  the  office  of  trustee,  assignee, 
guardian  and  committee  of  lunatics.  The  trust  business  grew  so 
rapidly  that  it  was  not  long  before  it  was  the  chief  business  of  the 
Company.  In  1S40  the  offices  were  again  removed,  the  Company 
renting  from  the  Philadelphia  Saving  Fund  Societv  the  building 
they  had  therefore  occupied  on  the  south  side  of  Walnut  above 
Third  street,  No.  66.  The  lease  was  for  ten  vears  at  a  rental  of  Ji,- 
200  per  year.  At  the  expiration  of  the  ten  years  the  lease  was  re- 
newed for  a  similar  term,  the  Company  to  pav  an  additional  rent 
interest  on  the  amount  expended  for  certain  improvements  to  the 
front  of  the  building  guaranteed  by  the  Saving  Trust  Societv.  On 
the  26th  of  March,  1S53,  an  act  giving  the  Company  the  right  to  act 
as  executor  and  administrator  of  decedents'  estates  was  approved  bv 
the  Governor.  Up  to  1866  the  highest  semi-annual  dividend  had 
been  four  per  cent.,  but  during  the  last  half  of  that  vear  they 
declared  a  dividend  of  five  per  cent,  and  an  extra  dividend  of  three 
per  cent,  on  the  capital  stock.  In  1857  they  purchased  the  build- 
ing in  which  Ithey  were  located,  No.  66  now  304  Walnut  street,  and 
two  years  later  tore  it  down  and  erected  upon  its  site  a  new  struc- 
ture to  be  used  by  it  alone.  The  Board  of  Directors  held  their  first 
meeting  in  the  new  building  November  8,  1859.  Februarv  27, 
1S63,  they  were  empowered  by  the  Legislature  to  increase  the 
capital  stock  to  $1, 000, 000  and  each  stockholder  was  given  as  many 
shares  of  the  new  stock  as  he  then  held  of  the  old.  In  1S69  the 
Board  of  Directors,  under  the  advice  of  a  committee  appointed  bv 
them,  introduced  a  new  plan  of  administration  by  which  the  affairs 
of  each  department,  the  Trust  department,  that  of  Insurances  on 
Lives  and  Granting  Annuities,  and  that  of  individual  depositors 
were  kept  separate.  This  system  is  still  practiced.  In  1S73  the 
Coinpanv  removed  into  still  more  spacious  quarters.  No.  431  Chest- 
nut street,  having  constructed  a  building  adjoining  the  Farmer's 
and  Mechanic's  Bank.  The  business  continued  t  1  grow  with  such 
rapidity  that  even  in  this  supposedly  large  house  the  room  became 
cramped.  In  [SS8  the  Company  obtained  the  propertv,  Nos.  515, 
'17,  '19,  '21  Chestnut  street,  the  site  being  then  occupied  by  the 
American  Hotel.  They  pulled  down  the  old  hotel  building  and 
erected  their  present  commodious  and  magnificent  structure  into 
which  they  removed  on  the  7th  day  of  Jul  v.  1S90.  The  Company's 
Burglar-proof  Vaults  have  been  constructed  at  great  expense  after 
the  designs  and  under  the  supervision  of  the  highest  engineering 
talent,  and  are  believed  in  compactness  of  workmanship  and  im- 
penetrability to  afford  entire  security  against  loss  by  burglary, 
robbery,  fire,  or  accident,  unsurpassed  if  not  unequalled  by  any 
work  which  now  exists.  Standing  apart  from  any  other  structure, 
they  are  daily  and  nightly  inspected  on  all  sides,  above  and  below, 
during  every  hour.  The  safes  in  these  vaults  are  constructed  in 
the  most  perfect  manner,  and  furnished  with  Vale  Locks  of  the 
most  improved  character.  The  outside  doors  of  the  vaults  have 
the  Holmes  Time-Lock,  which  after  once  closing,  are  proof  against 
re-opening  till  next  morning,  when  the  clock  performs  its  duty. 
The  office  of  the  Company  is  guarded  dav  and  night  by  a  large  force 
of  watchmen,  and  the  most  effective  system  established  to  secure 
the  faithful  performance  of  their  duties.  Every  convenience  is 
furnished  safe  renters  in  the  way  of  desks,  writing  materials,  etc., 
in  adjoining  rooms,  where  they  may  safely  and  privately  cut  cou- 
pons, examine  papers,  etc.  To  lady  customers  they  offer  a  room 
with  desks  especially  for  their  convenience.  There  is  no  more 
imposing  structure  among  the  many  handsome  buildings  erected 
within  recent  years  than  that  at  present  occupied  by  this  company. 
It  is  fitted  with  all  modern  appliances  and  conveniences.  It  is 
erected  in  the  most  substantial  manner  of  gray  stone,  with  polished 
granite  pillars.     The  whole  effect  is  exceedingly  handsome. 

The  following  is  the  list  of  Presidents  since  the  inception  of  the 
Coinpanv  :  Joseph  Ball,  James  Paul,  Samuel  Hodgden,  Samuel 
Vorke.  Condy  Raguet,  Jacob  Sperry,  Robert  M.  Patterson,  M.  D., 
William  Boyd,  Thomas  Astley,  Hyman  Gratz,  Charles  Dutilh, 
Lindley  Smyth. 

Present  Capital,  $2,000,000  ;  Surplus,  $1,200,000:  Assets  Jan., 
1S91,  $11,044,953.39;  Par  Value  Shares,  $100;   Market  Value,  5500, 


93 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIAXS. 


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THE  NEW  HOME  OF  THE  PENN  MUTUAL 
The  Penn  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company  has  moved  into  its  new  building  on  Chestnut  street,  and  there  certainly  is 
not  a  financial  institution  in  the  city  that  has  a  more  elegant  or  commodious  home.  In  fact  among  the  many  imposing 
edifices  with  which  various  insurance  and  financial  companies  have  in  recent  years  been  beautifying  the  business  streets  of 
Philadelphia,  there  is  none  more  striking  or  better  adapted  to  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  intended  than  this  magnificent 
new  structure  of  Philadelphia's  favorite  life  insurance  company. 

The  building  has  a  frontage  of  77.4^ 
feet,  and  a  depth  of  216  feet  to  Chant  street. 
The  front  is  eight  stories  in  height,  and  used 
for  office  purposes.  The  rear  portion,  on 
Chant  and  Kelly  streets,  which  is  occupied 
exclusively  by  the  Penn  Mutual  Life,  is 
four  stories  in  height  only,  and  constructed 
of  brick,  with  brown  stone  trimmings.  The 
general  style  of  the  front  is  classical.  The 
material  used  in  the  facade  is  white  marble, 
rock  faced  and  tooled.  The  front  is  broken 
at  the  western  entrance,  over  which  rises  an 
imposing  tower,  projecting  10 -;4  feet  from 
the  rest  of  the  building,  the  line  of  which 
is  the  same  as  that  of  the  Record  building  to 
the  east.  The  line  of  the  tower  entrance  is 
a  continuation  of  that  of  the  City  Trust 
building  to  the  west. 

The  recessed  portion  of  the  front  rises 
in  three  square  piers  32  feet  high  and  5  '.' 
feet  wide.  The  piers  are  spanned  by  arches, 
and  the  spaces  filled  with  heavy  plate  glass, 
supported  by  very  light  iron  bars.  Door- 
ways through  the  arches  give  entrance  to  an 
apartment  35  feet  high,  55  feet  wide  and  100 
deep,  admirably  adapted  either  for  one,  or, 
by  the  use  of  a  partition,  for  two  stores. 
The  upper  floors  are  divided  for  offices,  there 
being  two  suits  of  six  offices  each,  divided 
by  a  light  well  on  each  floor.  A  marble 
gable  rises  32  feet  over  the  recessed  portion 
of  the  front,  and  graceful  ornamentations 
relieve  the  otherwise  classic  outline  of  the 
facade. 

The  tower,   as   already  stated,    projects 
from  the  rest  of  the  building   io\,    feet,  to 
bring  its  face  on  a  line  with  that  of  the  City 
Trust  building,  and   is    ro'2    feet   wide.     It 
rests  on  two  massive  marble  columns,  of  five 
feet  in  diameter  and  32  feet  in  height.     The 
columns  are  spanned  by  an  archway,  in  the 
shadow  of  which,  resting  on  a  highly  orna- 
mental lintel,  will  stand  a  statue  of  William 
Penn.     Carvings,  touches  in  window  sills, 
conceits  in  balustrades  and  other  indications 
of  an  artist's  skill  lend  grace  to  the  dignity 
of  the  tower,    which    is    surmounted    by    a 
marble  dome. 
The  tower  entrance  leads  into  a  marble  wainscoted  corridor,  15  feet  wide,  and  an  iron  stairway  and  two  fast  elevators  carry 
the  visitors  to  any  of  the  upper  floors.     The  corridor  runs  to  the  quarters  of  the  Penn  Mutual  Life  in  the  rear,  the  main  office 
of  which,  on  the  first  floor,  is  60  by  75  feet  and   25  feet  high.     The  kitchen    is  on  the  fourth  floor,  and  the  offices  of  the 
directors  and  others  on  the  second  and  third,  as  also  the  dining-room. 

The  Penn  Mutual  Life  was  established  in  1S47,  upon  Quaker  principles,  and  has  ever  since  been  conducted  in  keeping 
therewith.     Its  object  has  been  to  furnish  reliable  Life  Insurance  to  its  members  at  the  lowest  possible  cost.     It  has  been 


r 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA/IS. 


INSURANCE. 


enabled  to  do  this  by  strict  attention  to  the  three  vital  factors, 
viz :  the  death-rate,  the  average  interest  earnings,  and  the 
expenses  of  management.  Care  has  been  taken  to  select 
sound  lives,  and  the  result  has  been  a  mortality  much  below 
the  tabular  rate.  "  Low  mortality  makes  cheap  insurance," 
if  the  insured  receive  the  benefit  thereof,  as  they  do  in  the 
"  Penn,"  and  other  purely  mutual  companies.  Investments 
have  been  made,  first,  with  regard  to  security,  and  second, 
to  interest  production  ;  and  having  both  in  view,  the  interest 
earnings  of  the  company  have  been  very  large.  Expenses 
have  been  limited  to  figures  much  below  those  provided  for 
in  the  premium  charged,  and  none  have  been  incurred  not 
fully  justified  by  results.  All  three  factors — mortality,  inter- 
est, and  expenses — have  each  year  contributed  surplus  which 
has  been  returned  to  members,  the  average  dividends  having 
been  equalled  by  few,  if  any,  competitors. 

It  is  forty-three  years  since  this  widely  known  corporation 
was  organized,  and  in  that  time  its  business  has  grown  until 
its  assets  are  nearly  $17,000,000  and  its  net  reserve,  at  4  per 
cent.,  over  $15,000,000,  while  its  surplus,  in  addition  to  the 
reserve  required  by  the  laws  of  Pennsylvania  and  New  York, 
is  nearly  $2,000,000.  There  must  be  reasons  for  such  a  growth 
and  such  a  healthy  status.  They  lie  in  the  fact  that  the 
managers  understand  the  insurance  business,  and  have  the 
good  sense  to  present  a  plain,  intelligible  contract,  which  is 
non-forfeitable  for  reserve  value,  with  justly  liberal  provisions 
as  to  residence  and  travel.  This  wins  public  confidence.  The 
company  offers  security  that  is  unsurpassed,  and  a  record 
which  is  absolutely  unassailable  in  that  it  has  never  acted  in 
bad  faith,  and  not  made  a  false  move.  The  business  of  1S90, 
like  that  of  all  other  years  which  have  preceded  it,  is  a  matter 
of  congratulation  to  both  the  trustees  and  the  policy  holders. 

Among  new  liberal  features  in  the  policies  of  the  Penn 
Mutual  are  the  payment  of  death  claims  at  once  upon  receipt 
of  satisfactory  proofs  and  sufficient  release  ;  payment  in  case 
of  self-destruction  after  the  policy-holder  has  been  insured  for 
two  years,  and  no  restrictions  as  to  residence  and  travel. 

The  following  figures  show  the  progress  of  the  institu- 
tion, rendering  a  new  office  building  necessary  : 


TOTAL  INCOME. 


INSURANCE  IN  FORCE. 


1SS0, 

$1,459,762 

1SS0, 

$31,608,564 

iSSi, 

1,602,523 

1SS1, 

34.637.444 

1SS2, 

1,811,978 

1SS2, 

38,194,522 

1SS3, 

1,969,368 

1883, 

41,521,675 

1SS4, 

2,140,272 

18S4, 

43,979.S6o 

iSSS, 

2,365.205 

1885, 

47.9S9.223 

ISS6, 

2,726,434 

1SS6, 

53.9n.S73 

iS87, 

3,009,764 

1SS7, 

61,018,805 

iSSS, 

3.353.755 

18SS, 

6S,372,SS2 

1SS9, 

3,908,443 

1SS9, 

79,069,580 

1S90, 

4,546,867 

1 890, 

90,278,701 

Board  of  Trustees:  William  H.  Kern,  James  O.  Pease, 
Joseph  M.  P.  Price,  Charles  Watson,  Ellwood  Johnson,  Wil- 
liam C.  Houston,  Joseph  B.  Hodgson,  Howard  Hinchman, 
William  H.  Rhawn,  Atwood  Smith,  John  H.  Watt,  N.  Parker 
Shortridge,  Richard  S.  Brock,  Benjamin  Allen,  John  Scott, 
Charles  j.  Field,  Robert  Dornan,  William  M.  Runk,  R.  Alli- 
son Miller,  Henry  S.  Eckert,  Noah  A.  Plympton,  Joseph 
Bosler,  Frank  Markoe,  Harry  F.  West,  Lincoln  K.  Passmore, 
Geo.  K.  Johnson,  Jr.,  F.  K.  Hippie. 

Edward  M.  Needles,  Pres.     Henry  C.  Brown,  Sec'y  and  Treas. 
Horatio  S.  Stephens,  Vice-Pres.        Jesse  J.  Barker,  Actuary. 


FIDELITY  MUTUAL  LIFE  ASSOCIATION 

This  company  was  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  Pennsyl- 
vania in  the  year  1S7S,  and  has  for  its  object  the  furnishing  of  life 
insurance  on  the  mutual  principle.  The  first  year  it  placed  upon 
its  books  a  million  and  a  quarter  of  insurance,  written  on  the  lives 
of  intelligent  and  reputable  citizens  of  Philadelphia  and  surround- 
ing counties.  In  1SS1  it  entered  in  other  States,  and  from  that 
time  constantly  extended  its  operations,  until  now  it  is  doing  busi- 
ness in  nearly  every  State  in  the  Union,  and  its  business  has  in- 
creased in  thirteen  years  from  a  million  and  a  quarter  a  year  to  over 
a  million  and  a  haft  a  month.  The  Fidelity  had  a  larger  business 
in  its  thirteenth  year  than  the  largest  Pennsylvania  life  insurance 
company  had  in  its  seventeenth  year.  It  closes  its  thirteenth  year 
with  a  cash  surplus  of  about  #500,000  and  $35,000,000  insurance 
in  force. 

The  Fidelity  does  business  on  what  is  known  as  the  "Fouse 
System  "  of  life  insurance.  The  President  of  the  company,  Mr.  L. 
G.  Fouse,  who  organized  it,  is  also  the  author  of  the  system.  He 
is  a  remarkably  clever  observer  of  cause  and  effect  in  life  insur- 
ance, an  indefatigable  worker,  a  cogent  reasouer,  and  a  voluminous 
writer.  Tables  and  articles  from  his  pen  frequently  appear  in  the 
insurance  journals  and  publications  of  this  countrv,  and  manv  of 
them  have  been  reproduced  in  the  Journal  of  the  Institute  of  Actu- 
aries, of  London,  the  leading  insurance  publication  in  Great  Britain. 
The  distinctive  feature  of  the  "Fouse  System"  is,  that  in  comput- 
ing the  rates  and  determining  the  liability  of  the  company,  the 
insurance  age  or  duration  of  policies  is  used  as  a  factor  as  well  as 
the  age  and  death  liability  of  the  insured,  and  Mr.  Fouse  is  the 
first  actuary  to  recognize  and  put  into  practical  operation  this  im- 
portant principle,  and  thus  give  the  insured  the  benefit  thereof. 
It  is  certainly  remarkable  that  a  factor  so  important  and  far-reach- 
ing should  not  have  earlier  attracted  the  attention  and  received  the 
consideration  of  actuaries.  Recently  Mr.  T.  B.  Sprague,  of  the 
British  Institute  of  Actuaries,  called  attention  to  the  necessitv  of 
constructing  tables  which  shall  have  regard  to  the  age  of  the  policv 
as  well  as  to  the  age  in  years  of  the  lives  exposed.  The  time  will 
soon  come,  however,  when  the  cquitv  of  this  principle  will  be 
universally  recognized  aud  applied,  and  the  tables  of  rates  of  all 
companies  not  in  harmony  with  it  correspondingly  changed. 

The  Fidelity  Mutual  has  already  established  beyond  doubt, 
that  under  the  "  Fouse  System,"  the  cost  of  insurance,  as  com- 
pared with  that  of  the  old  legal  reserve  system,  can  be  reduced  with 
safety  fully  one-third.  The  saving  is  effected  through  the  accumu- 
lation and  expense  element,  the  resources  for  the  payment  of  death 
claims  being  even  larger  under  the  "Fouse  System "  than  it  is 
under  the  old  style  plan  of  insurance.  The  Fidelity  is  in  no  sense 
hedged  with  technicalities  or  legal  circumscriptions.  It  has 
been  exceedingly  fortunate,  not  only  in  having  Mr.  Fouse  for 
its  president  and  actuary,  who  as  an  insurance  expert  has  no  peer, 
but  also  in  having  associated  with  it  as  counsellor,  and  nominally 
as  its  secretary,  W.  S.  Campbell,  Esq.  His  time  is  mostly  devoted 
to  the  practice  of  life  insurance  law.  He  has  a  finished  classical 
education,  having  received  a  thorough  collegiate  training.  He  is 
a  facile,  polished  writer  and  a  fluent  public  speaker,  and  is  reputed 
among  insurance  men  to  have  a  thorough  and  accurate  knowledge  of 
life  insurance  law.  He  has  demonstrated  his  ability  as  a  lawyer  by 
winning  his  cases  and  piloting  the  association  in  such  a  manner  as 
to  avoid  the  contention  and  litigation  experienced  by  so  many  life 
companies,  the  lawsuits  against  the  association  being  reduced  to  the 
minimum.  Mr.  Campbell  was  associated  with  Mr.  Fouse  in  the 
organization  of  the  company.  Since  then  manv  other  able  and 
respected  citizens  of  Philadelphia  have  become  identified  with  it  in 
one  capacity  or  another.  Mr.  Arthur  Thacher,  who  is  treasurer, 
was  for  years  connected  with  banking  and  financial  institutions, 
was  receiving  teller  in  the  office  of  the  United  States  Treasurer, 
Chief  Clerk  in  the  United  States  Mint  under  Directors  Milward 
and  Linderman,  was  a  member  of  Select  and  Common  Councils, 
Chairman  of  Democratic  City  Committee,  and  is  prominent  in 
Masonic  circles.  The  vice-president  is  Col.  O.  C.  Bosbyshell,  who 
at  this  time,  under  Harrison's  administration,  is  Superintendent  of 
the  United  States  Mint  at  Philadelphia.  The  Board  of  Directors, 
including  the  president  and  vice-president,  are  John  E.  Frymier, 
of  the  firm  of  Frymier  &  Edwards,  importers  aud  wholesale  dealers 
in  glass  and  queensware ;  A.  P.  Flint,  holding  a  responsible  posi- 
tion with  the  American  Book  Company,  of  New  York  ;  Conrad  B. 
Day,  President  of  the  Commonwealth  National  Bank ;  George  W. 
Kendrick,  Jr.,  broker  and  member  of  P.  D.  Calvert  &  Co.;  William 
G.  Fischer,  extensive  dealer  in  pianos  and  organs;  William  \V. 
Allen,  a  prominent  fire  underwriter;  Levi  B.  Kaler,  merchant  at 
Phcenixville,  Pa.,  and  J.  P.  Hale  Jenkins,  aprominent  member  of 
the  bar  at  Norristown,  Pa. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


INSURANCE. 


PROVIDENT  LIFE  AND  TRUST  COMPANY  OF 
PHILADELPHIA 


This  Company  which  in  many  respects  is  similarto  the  Friends' 
Provident  of  Bradford,  England,  was  organized  in  1865  by  Friends 
(or  Quakers)  in  this  city,  for  the  purpose  of  promoting  life  insur- 
ance among  Friends  in  the  United  States.  Following  the  example 
of  several  of  the  oldest  companies  in  Philadelphia,  a  charter  was  se- 
cured, which  conferred  authority  not  only  to  insure  lives,  but  also 
to  act  as  executor,  administrator,  trustee,  guardian,  etc.,  etc.,  that  is, 
to  transact  what  is  known  as  a  Trust  business.  The  Company  has 
not  been  confined  in  its  operations  to  Friends,  and  has  at- 
tained an  equal  popularity  among  all  classes. 

The  period  following  the  Civil   War  was  prolific  in  life 
insurance  ventures.     The  Provident  Life   and  Trust  Company 
of  Philadelphia  is  almost  the  only  Company  organized  at  that 
time  which  has  achieved  permanent  success.     Before  these 
Companies  had  had  time  to  become  fairly  developed,  the 
stormy  financial  troubles,  which  preceded  and  accompanied 
the  return   to  specie  payments,   overtook  them,  and, 
with  but  few  exceptions,  those  which  were  not  forced 
into  bankruptcy  have  continued  to  lead   a  sickly  and 
uncertain  existence.     The  fact  that  this  Company  sur- 
vived  and   has  attained  its  present  magnitude  was  no 
accident,   but  was   due  to   the   sagacity   and   compre- 
hensive judgment  of  its  founders  and  man- 
agers.    Early  seeing  that   natural  and   not 
forced  growth  was   to    be   aimed    at,    they 
avoided    the    mistake   so    common   at   that 
time,    of  attempting   to    secure    in    a   few 
vears  the   volume  of  business  which 
could    only    be    attained    in    a    Ion 
period,    or    attained    bv    Companies 
which  had  passed  safelv   through  the 
first  stages  of  development.     It 
evident  that  to  attempt 
to  embrace   the   whole 
country  in  the  opera- 
tions of  the  Company 
would  be  a  dangerous 
and     fruitless    experi- 
ment.      It    is   a    note- 
worth  v    circumstance, 
which    may    be    perti- 
nently    mentioned    in 
this    connection,    that 
while    the     history    of 
perhaps     every     other 
Company  is  a   record 
of  ebb  and  ilow,  there 
has  been  only  one  year 
in  the  history  of  this 
Company  in  which  the 
volume  of  its  business 
has     receded,    and    in 
that   case  the  amount 
was    nominal.       Its 
steaclv  progress  is  best 
illustrated   by  the  fol- 
lowing   figures:     Vol- 
ume   in     force,     1865, 
$324,000;    in    1S70, 
$9,388,000;    in    1S75, 
$19,479,000  ;    in    1SN0, 
$25,755,000;    in   1S85,  $45,678,000 


in  1S90,  379,000,000.  At  this 
scale  of  progress  the  Company  will  soon  have  on  its  books  the  large 
aggregate  of  $100,000,000.  The  Company  is  recognized  to-day  as 
one  of  the  best  exponents  of  intelligent  and  high-minded  fidelity  to 
the  true  standard  of  life  insurance. 

It  is  not  alone  in  its  steady  growth,  and  in  escaping  the  fate  of 
almost  every  other  Company  organized  since  the  war,  that  the 
Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company  occupies  a  distinguished  posi- 
tion. The  general  practice  of  the  business  at  the  time  it  com- 
menced its  career,  had  become  punctilious  and  heartless  ;  especially 
was  this  shown  toward  the  retiring  members  ;  men  who  had  become 
unfortunate  suffered  severely  by  the  discriminations  against  them. 
The  Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company  almost  from  its  origin 
adopted  a  course  of  wise  liberality,  fairness  and  accommodation  in 
its  methods  of  dealing  with  surrendered  or  retiring  policies,  which 
has  given  it  an  enviable  reputation  throughout  the  land. 

The  Company  has  done,  perhaps,  more  than  any  other  to  redeem 


the  methods  employed  to  obtain  business  (through  personal  solici- 
tation by  agents)  from  the  odium  which  for  manv  vears  attached  to 
it.  Recognizing  the  occupation  as  legitimate,  and'  as  intrinsically 
dignified  and  honorable,  a  high  standard  of  qualification  for  agents 
was  adopted.  As  the  result  of  this,  men  of  character  and  intelli- 
gence have  sought  its  employment,  and  tliev  have  been  carefully 
trained  and  instructed  for  their  particular  duties  ;  the  fruit  has  been 
seen  in  the  better  service  the  Company  has  itself  secured,  and  in  the 
moral  effect  upon  the  agents  themselves. 

The  business  of  the  Provident  is  two-fold  :  Life  Insurance  upon 
the  mutual  plan,  and  what  is  known  as  the  Trust  business.      Both 
call  for  the  maintenance  of  a  high  standard  of  security.     In  the  lat- 
ter case,  no  Company  without  the  highest 
reputation    for    skillful   and    conservative 
management,  can  hope   to  have  confided 
to  it  the  important  and  sacred  duties  which 
relate  to  the  care  of  the  estates  of  deceased 
persons  and  those  involved  in  the  manage- 
ment of  trusts.     Such  a  union  of  the  two 
kinds  of  business  existed  nominally  in  this 
city  in  the  case  of  an  old-established  Com- 
pany of  the  highest  standing.     It  was  re- 
served  to   the    Provident    Life    and 
Trust  Company   to  demonstrate   the 
practicability    of  the    full    develop- 
ment   of  both.      Enough   has    been 
said    of    the  success  and   reputation 
which  have  been   achieved  by   this 
Company   in    its    life    insurance   de- 
partment.    The  success  of  the  Com- 
jany  as  a  whole  is  sufficiently  shown 
by  the  successive  enlargement  of  its 
capital  and  the  constant  advance  in 
the  price  of  its  shares.     This  success 
has  been  achieved  in  a  field  in  which 
manv     important    and 
prosperous  competi- 
tors,   some    of    which 
have   been   intrenched 
in    the    public    confi- 
dence for  nearly  half  a 
century. 

The  duties  and 
responsibilities  of  two 
kinds  ot  business 
equally  important,  but 
varied  in  character, 
were  thus  devolved 
upon  the  Company. 
To  have  succeeded  in 
either  would  have 
been  to  gain  an  honor- 
able reputation.  To 
have  signally  succeed- 
ed in  both  was  to 
achieve  a  result  never 
before  successfully  at- 
tempted. 

The  capital  stock 
was  originally  $150,- 
000.  This  was  in- 
creased successively  to 
5500,000  and  5 1 ,000.000 
fully  paid  ill.  There 
is  a  surplus  fund  be- 
longing to  the  stockholders,  derived  exclusively  from  the  Trust 
business,  which  amounts  to  $1,717,168.91.  The  charter  expressly 
excludes  the  stockholders  from  any  participation  in  the  benefit 
of  the  Life  Insurance  business.  The  assets  of  the  life  insurance 
department  are  $18,558,124.44,  with  a  surplus  of  52,457,450.83. 
The  total  assets  are  525,377,693.97. 

There  arc  companies  which  have  attained  to  much  greater  pro- 
portions, but  it  is  a  serious  question  whether  such  enormous  size  as 
has  been  reached  by  several  has  in  any  degree  contributed  to  the 
advantage  of  their  members.  It  is  believed  that  with  a  business 
reaching  the  proportions  above,  with  a  natural  unstimulated  growth, 
the  security  and  cheapness  of  insurance  are  more  certain  to  be 
accomplished  than  under  a  forced  and  unnatural  increase. 

The  officers  of  the  Company  are  :  Samuel  R.  Shipley,  president ; 
T.  Wistar  Brown,  vice-president ;  Asa  S.  Wing,  vice-president  and 
actuary  ;  David  G.  Alsop,  assistant  actuary  ;  Joseph  Ashbrook,  man- 
ager of  insurance  department;  J.  Robert  Foulke,  trust  officer. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


INSURANCE. 

MANHATTAN  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY 
The  extensive  branch  offices  in  this  city  of  the  Manhattan  Life  Insurance  Company    of  New  York     were    recently  removed   to 
the  company's  handsome   building,    Fourth  and   Walnut  streets.      For  two   months   past  a  large  number  of   mechanics  have  been 

employed  making  radical  alterations  and  improvements 
in  the  building,  and  as  a  result,  it  is  now  one  of  the 
best  equipped  and  most  convenient  of  the  big  office 
structures  of  the  city.  Nearly,  all  the  large  cities  of 
the  country  owe  much  to  the  wealthy  insurance  cor- 
porations for  architectural  features  and  real  estate  im- 
provements. The  handsome  piles  which  these  institu- 
tions have  put  up,  mainly  as  investments,  have  contribu- 
ted very  largely  to  the  beauty  and  character  of  the  build- 
ings of  American  cities.  Experience  has  proved  that  they 
are  a  very  attractive  form  of  investment,  and  some  of  the 
larger  structures,  like  that  of  the  Manhattan  Building 
yield  handsome  returns. 

The  apartments  which  the  Manhattan  has  reserved  on 
the  fourth  floor  for  its  local  headquarters  have  been  fitted 
up  in  a  style  commensurate  with  the  position  and  rapidly 
expanding  business  ot  the  company.  Exquisite  taste  has 
been  shown  in  the  arrangement  and  furnishing  of  the 
rooms.  The  art  of  the  upholsterer  has  been  employed 
with  most  felicitous  effect  in  setting  off  the  highly  pol- 
ished oak  wood  work,  which  forms  a  chief  feature  of  the 
offices. 

Of  late  the  big  companies  have  found  handsome  head- 
quarters essential  factors  in  the   promotion   of  their  busi- 
ness interests,  and  inasmuch  as  their  buildings  arc  remun- 
erative investments,  this  is  not  an  incident  of  extrava- 
gance ;    it  is  simply  a  stroke  of  business  policy.     The 
Manhattan  Life,  which  is  giving  to  Philadelphia  an  exam- 
ple of  enterprise  in  this  direction,  is  one  of  the  most  pro- 
gressive and  liberal  of  the  strong  and  wealthy  insurance 
corporations.     It  issues  the  shortest  and  simplest  form  of 
policy,  a  policy  free  from  technicalities  and  evasive  condi- 
tions and  constructive  reservations.     In  fact,  it  is  regarded 
as  a  model  life  insurance  contract,  whose  only  condition 
is  the  payment  of  the  principal  at  maturity  or  death.  The 
company's  affairs  are  controlled  by  leading  men  of  New 
York,  its  directory  comprising  some  of  the  wealthiest  cap- 
italists.    Many  of  its  policies  are  held  by  leading  men  of 
known  sagacity  and  business  acumen,   from  the  Atlantic 
to   the   Pacific   coast,   including  President   Harrison,  ex- 
President    Cleveland,   Postmaster    General    Wanamaker, 
LT.  S.  Attorney  General   Miller,   Secretary  of  the  Navv 
Tracy,  General  Alger  of  Michigan,  Cornelius  Vanderbili, 
Senator  Jones  of  Nevada,  ex-Postmaster  General  Keys! 
Rev.  T.  DeYVitt  Talmage,  and  others  of  national  renown. 
Henry  B.  Stokes,  the  president  of  the  Manhattan  Life 
Insurance  Company,  manages  the  affairs  of  the  company, 
and  is  recognized  as  an  able  and  progressive  life  insurance 
man,  having  been  trained  from  youth   in   the  insurance 
business.      He  is  the  son  of  the  late  Henrv  Stokes,  who 
was  for  twenty-five  j  ears  the  president  of  the  company. 
The  other  officers,  J.    L.    Halsev,   vice-president ;   H.   Y. 
Wimple,  second  vice-president ;  William  C.  Frazee,  sec- 
retary ;   J.  H.   Giffin,  Jr.,   assistant  secretary,   and  E.   L. 
Stabler,    actuary,    are   all   recognized  as  men  of  ability, 
standing  and  experience.     They  all  entered  the  Manhat- 
tan office  as  young  men  and  have  been  trained  from  youth 
in  the  intricate  problems  of  life  insurance. 

In  this  city,  the  company's  branch  office  is  under  the 
management  of  James  B.  Carr  &  Sons,  who  are  recognized 
as  leading  insurance  men.  J.  B.  Carr,  the  senior  member 
of  the  firm,  has  been  the  company's  representative  here 
since  1S61.  He  is  one  of  the  best  versed  and  oldest  insur- 
ance authorities  of  the  country,  and  in  the  large  clientage 
which  he  has  built  up  in  Pennsylvania  are  still  many  per- 
sons who  took  out  policies  early  in  the  sixties.  His*  sons, 
Frank  W.  and  Thaddcus  S.  Carr,  who  are  associated  with 
him,  are  also  widely  known  in  the  insurance  world  as  well 
posted,  alert  and  enterprising  business  men.  At  the  Phil- 
adelphia agency  there  has  been  paid  out  $3, 000,000  in 
claims,  without  scaliug  a  single  policy,  or  requiring  a 
beneficiary  to  resort  to  legal  process. 


Manhattan   Life  Insurance  Company 


97 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


INSURANCE. 


A  NOBLE  MISSION  GRANDLY  FULFILLED 


In  its  power  to  utilize  probabilities  and  to  make  the  most  and 
best  of  disaster,  life  insurance  stands  alone  and  unapproachable 
among  the  economics  of  modern  times.  It  takes  under  its  special 
care  and  guardianship  the  family,  and  protects  it  from  the  natural 
consequences  of  a  disaster  that  no  vigilance  can  foresee  and  no  care 
prevent.  Instead  of  being  a  scheme  of  chances — as  was  formerlv 
urged  against  it — life  insurance  tends  to  eliminate  chance  from 
family  prospects  and  prosperity.  It  discounts  probabilitv  and  gives 
certainty. 

L'pon  such  a  mission — as  noble  and  beneficent  as  can  well  be 
conceived — life  insurance  embarked  in  this  country  about  half  a 
century  ago.  Among  the  pioneers  in  this  great  field  was  the  New 
York  Life  Insurance  Company,  which  issued  its  first  policy  in  1S45. 
During  the  forty-six  years  which  have  since  elapsed,  this  Company 
has  kept  steadily  on  its  way,  perfecting  its  methods,  enlarging  its 
scope  and  exemplifying  in  a  practical  manner  the  benefits  and 
possibilities  of  the  system.  In  order  to  substantiate  in  an  intelligent 
manner  these  references  to  the  history  of 
the  New  York  Life,  we  give  herewith  the 
following 

FACTS  AND  FIGlTRES. 

1.  The  New  York  Life  was  the  first 
company  and  for  thirty-five  years  the 
only  company,  to  omit  from  its  policies 
the  clause  making  them  void  in  case  of 
suicide.  Very  few  companies  do  it  now. 
Being  convinced  that  most  suicides  are 
the  result  of  insanity  and  that  many  cases 
of  accidental  death  and  murder  cannot  be 
distinguished  from  suicide,  the  New  York 
Life  adopted,  in  1S50,  one  rule  for  all — 
namely,  the  prompt  payment  of  every 
claim  not  vitiated  by  evident  fraud. 

2.  The  New  York  Life  was  the  first 
company  to  recognize  the  policy-holder's 
right  to  paid-up  insurance,  in  case  of  a 
discontinuance  of  premiums,  by  origina- 
ting and  introducing,  in  i860,  the  first  non-forfeiture  policies — the 
beginning  of  the  modern  non-forfeiture  svstem — which  has  be- 
come a  part  of  the  insurance  statutes  of  the  couutrv.  On  the 
present  volume  of  business  of  American  companies  the  saving  to 
policy-holders  by  reason  of  the  non-forfeiture  principle,  as  origi- 
nated and  introduced  by  the  New  York  Life  amounts  to  millions  of 
dollars  every  year. 

3.  The  New  York  Life  was  the  first  company — and  is  still 
nearly  the  only  company — to  attach  to  each  policy  issued  a  copy  of 
the  application  upon  which  the  contract  is  based. 

4.  The  New  York  Life  issues  a  greater  variety  of  policies  than 
any  other  life  company,  thereby  adapting  its  contracts  to  the 
largest  number  of  people.  It  has  lately  perfected  a  Mortuary-Divi- 
dend system,  under  which  many  of  its  policies  arc  issued  with 
guaranteed  return  of  all  premiums  paid,  in  addition  to  the  face  of 
the  policy,  in  case  of  death  during  a  specified  period. 

5.  The  returns  on  the  New  York  Life's  Tontine  policies  have 
been,  in  most  cases,  larger  than  those  of  any  other  company,  com- 
parison being  made  between  policies  taken  at  same  age  and  premium 
rate,  and  running  through  the  same  period  of  time. 

6.  The  policies  of  the  New  York  Life,  as  now  issued  are  nota- 
bly free  from  restrictions  as  to  occupation,  residence  and  travel,  and 
claims  are  paid  upon  receipt  and  approval  by  the  Company  of  satis- 
factory proofs  of  death. 

In  connection  with  these  statements  of  the  principles,  customs 
and  success  of  the  New  York  Life,  wc  give  herewith  figures  showing 


the  entire  history  of  the  business  done  by  the  Company  and  its 
condition  on  January  1,  1S91.  These  figures  show  a  growth  as 
marvelous  as  it  has  been  continuous,  and  a  present  strength  and 
volume  of  business  that  furnish  the  most  ample  guarantee  to 
intending  insurers. 

Received  from  policy-holders  in  premiums  for  in- 
surance (less  re-insurance  I  in  forty-six  years, 
1N45-1S90      .         .  .         .      '  . 

Premiums  for  annuities  .... 


Total  from  policy-holders         ..... 
Paid  to  policy-holders  and  their  representatives     . 
Assets  held  as  security  for  policy-holders,  January 
I,  1891  .         .         .  .  .         .         . 

Total  amount  paid  policy-holders,   and  now  held 
as  security  for  their  contracts       . 

Amount  paid  and  held   exceeds  amount  received 
Received  from  interest,    rents,   etc.,    in   fortv-six 

years,  1845-1890 ' 

Death  losses  paid  in  forty-six  years,  1S45-1890     . 
Interest  and  rents  exceed 

death  losses  paid 
Dividends  paid  in  forty- 
six  years,  1S45-1S90  . 
Surplus  over  liabilities 
under  New  York  State 
law,  January  1,  1891    . 

Amount    saved     policy- 
holders from  table  rates 


I231.159.971.79 
I7.7I7.4°3-S6 

$248,877,375.65 
$142,623,602.89 

115.947.809.97 


$25S,57i,4i2.S6 
59,694,037.21 

557. 797. 960. 6S 
56.024.S04.86 

:?i.773.I5.5-S2 

539,65s, S09.35 

15,069,046.92 


f54.727.S56.27 
Condition-  January  i,  1S91. 

5115,947.809.97 


Company's 


Assets 
Liabilities, 

standard 
Surplus,      Company' 

standard 
Surplus  by  State  stanc 

ard  (4  per  cent.  I 
Policies  in  force 
Insurance  in  force  . 


101,049,359.11 
14,858.450.86 


New  York  Life  Insurance  Company 


Increase  in  income 
Increase  in  assets 
Increase  in  insurance  written 
Increase  in  insurance  in  force 


15,069.046.92 

I73.469 
569, 35S, 726.00 

Progress  in  1S90. 

Increase    in    benefits    to 

policy-holders 
Increase  in  premiums 


51.15S.422. 36 
2,642.288.24 
2.994.S33.S4 

10,894,209.01 
8,456,977.00 

73.736.756-°° 


L-  C.  Vanuxcm  &  Co.  became  the  general  agents  for  Pennsyl- 
vania of  the  New  York  Life  Insurance  Company  in  1SS0,  since 
which  time  the  following  figures  show  the  cash  premiums  collected 
by  them  in  this  State  : 

York  Life  in  Pennsylvania  from 


5835,112.17 
1,047,512.51 
1,058,005.37 
1,197,413.51 
1,227,145.81 


Thk  Officers  of  Thk  New  York  Life 

arc  as  follows  :  President,  William  H.  Beers  ;  Vice-President,  Henry 
Tuck  ;  Second  Vice-President,  Archibald  H.Welch  ;  Actuary,  Rufus 
W.  Weeks;  and  the  following  are  its  Trustees:  William  H.  Apple- 
ton,  William  L-  Strong,  C.  C.  Baldwin,  Alex.  Studwcll.  Henry  Bowers, 
W.  B.  Hornblower,  John  N.  Stearns,  Robert  B.  Collins,  William  H. 
Beers,  W.  F.  Bucklev,  Edward  N.  Gibbs,  Walter  H.  Lewis,  John 
Claflin,  L.  L.  White,  Richard  Muscr,  H.  C.  Mortimer,  William  A. 
Booth,  Henry  Tuck,  A.  H.  Welch,  Edward  Martin. 


Pre 

mium 

Income  of  the  New 

York 

1SS0  to 

1S90. 

1SS0 

5198.002.7S 

1SS6 

1SS1 

242,499.69 

1S87 

1SS2       . 

316,805.29 

iSSS 

1S83       . 

401,506.10 

18S9 

1SS4 

470.215.S9 

1S90 

1SS5       . 

596, 917. So 

98 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


ELEVATORS. 


GIRARD   POINT  STORAGE   COMPANY'S  GRAIN   ELEVA- 
TORS, AND   PETROLEUM   WHARVES 

The  Girard  Point  Storage  Company  was  organized  and  began 
its  corporate  existence  in  the  year  1SS1,  with  a  paid  up  capital  of 

$2. 000,000. 

The  officers  are :  William  H.  Barnes,  President ;  Stephen  W. 
White,  Secretary;  Tabor  Ashton,  Treasurer;  C.  B.  Rowley,  Mana- 
ger. The  directors  are:  William  H.  Barnes,  Joseph  D.  Potts, 
Clement  A.  Griscom,  H.  H.  Houston,  Henry  D.  Welsh. 

Girard  Point,  so  named  iu  honor  of  Philadelphia's  old-time 
merchant,  Stephen  Girard,  is  situated  at  the  confluence  of  the 
Delaware  and  Schuylkill  Rivers,  at  the  extreme  southern  boundary 
of  the  city.     It  is  one  of  the  principal  termini  of  the  great  Penn- 


There  are  four  substantial  piers  500  and  1000  feet  in  length  with 
Pennsylvania  Railroad  tracks  thereon  and  as  many  docks  200  feet 
wide,  and  of  equal  length  with  the  piers. 

Pier  No.  1  has  three  railroad  tracks  its  entire  length,  is  equip- 
ped with  steam  hoisters  and  electric  lights,  with  ample  berth  room 
to  discharge  two  ocean  steamers  at  one  time  direct  from  vessels  to 
cars,  with  economy  and  dispatch. 

Pier  No.  2  has  warehouse  thereon  60  by  500  feet. 

Pier  No.  3  has  warehouse  thereon  60  by  370  feet,  with  railroad 
tracks  alongside. 

The  Company's  charges  for  storage  of  grain  and  general  mer- 
chandise are  on  a  parity  with  those  of  other  seaboard  terminals. 

The  Girard  Point  Storage  Company  issues  negotiable  Ware- 
house Certificates  for  grain  and  merchandise  actually  in  store. 


Girard   Point  Storage  Company's  Grain   Elevators,  and   Petroleum   Wharves 


sylvania  Railroad  system  andlis  in  direct  communication  with  the 
grain  centers  of  the  West. 

Here  the  Girard  Point  Storage  Company  has  erected  wharves 
and  warehouses,  and  two  large  Grain  Elevators,  with  a  view  to 
the  better  accommodation  of  the  increasing  grain  and  merchandise 
traffic  of  the  Port  of  Philadelphia. 

Elevator  A  has  a  storage  capacity  of  Soo.ooo  bushels. 

Elevator  B  has  a  storage  capacity  of  1,250,000  bushels. 

These  elevators  are  among  the  most  complete  in  the  countrv, 
with  ample  depth  of  water,  and  dockage  alongside  for  the  largest 
ocean  steamers,  and  offer  superior  facilities  for  the  expeditious 
loading  of  the  same. 

It  will  be  interesting  to  ship-owners,  masters  and  consignees 
of  vessels  entering  the  Port  of  Philadelphia  to  know,  that  this 
company  has  at  large  expense,  constructed  and  remodeled  its  com- 
modious piers  at  Girard  Point,  in  order  to  expedite  handling  full 
cargo,  and  general  merchandise  business  from  steam  and  sailing 
vessels. 


The  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company  receives  and  delivers 
traffic  on  its  tracks  and  sidings  at  Girard  Point,  as  at  their  other 
termini  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia. 

The  Girard  Point  Storage  Company  also  operates  the  Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad  Company's  fire-proof  elevator  at  the  foot  of  Wash- 
ington avenue  on  the  Delaware  River,  with  a  capacity  of  450,000 
bushels ;  and  has  also  extensive  petroleum  warehouses  on  the  com- 
pany's property  at  Point  Breeze  on  the  Schuylkill  River,  with  a 
wharf  frontage  of  1500  feet,  and  every  convenience  and  facility  for 
handling  petroleum  for  export. 

The  facilities  and  advantages  afforded  by  the  Girard  Point 
Storage  Company  cannot  fail  to  attract  the  favorable  attention  of  our 
merchants  and  exporters,  while  its  ample  resources  and  honorable 
liberal  policy  have  rendered  the  corporation  deservedly  popular. 

The  office  of  William  H.  Barnes,  President,  234  S.  Fourth 
street.  The  office  of  C.  B.  Rowley,  Manager,  305  Walnut  street, 
where  matters  pertaining  to  the  commercial  and  operating  depart- 
ment of  the  company  receive  prompt  attention. 


99 


Manufacturers'  Club 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


P1 


PHILADELPHIA  unquestionably  ranks  as  the  leading  manu- 
facturing city  of  the  United  States  as  to  diversity  of  indus- 
tries, number  of  establishments  and  value  of  finished  products. 
The  manufacturing  census  just  completed  accepted  the  phrase 
"manufacturing  interests"  in  its  broadest  and  most  complete 
sense,  as  meaning  productive  interests  of  all  sorts  whereby  any 
material  turned  out  by  skilled  labor  was  a  manufactured  product  and  its 
production  a  manufacturing  industry.  This  insured  the  collection  of  the 
statistics  embracing  establishments  of  all  sizes,  from  the  gigantic  refineries,  each  of 
which  tabulated  a  yearly  output  of  forty  millions,  to  the  modest  weaver  of  rag  carpet, 
who  put  his  annual  gross  income  at  less  than  a  hundred  dollars  ;  of  all  ages,  from  the 
malster  who  commenced  operations  (or  at  least  whose  ancestors  did)  in  1687  to  him  whose 
existence  was  hardly  longer  than  a  year  ;  of  all  power,  from  the  large  mill  owner  who  reported 
a  force  of  a  thousand  hands  to  the  beginner  in  industrial  growth,  whose  only  employee  was  him- 
self; of  all  grades  of  prominence,  from  the  factory  which  itself  occupies  an  entire  block  of  ground 
to  the  humble  artisan  whose  workshop  is  the  attic  of  his  house.  The  chain  of  enumeration  was 
complete  not  alone  in  these  respects,  but  as  well  in  the  searching  inquiry  which  followed  the  product  of 
one  concern  into  its  turn  as  the  raw  material  of  another,  and  then  again,  to  where  both  would  combine 
to  form  the  basis  of  a  new  production,  through  all  by-ways  and  varieties,  until  a  something  was  reached 
which  could  be  traced  no  further  because  it  went  then  directly  to  consumption.  Therefore,  no  matter  what 
quibbles  may  be  raised  as  to  the  industrial  census  of  1890,  it  is  thorough  and  exhaustive.  Something 
like  twenty-five  thousand  establishments,  with  a  gross  production  of  over  seven  hundred  millions;  an  army 
of  workmen,  masters  and  toilers  ;  a  torrent  of  vital  energy  so  infused  into  all  branches  of  trade  ;  a  pros- 
perity spreading  so  as  to  benefit  a  million  of  people  of  all  sorts  and  conditions.  As  a  rule  the  manufac- 
turers of  the  city  are  money-makers,  if  the  returns  made  to  the  Census  Department  are  correct,  the  largest 
proportion  of  money  result,  however,  being  found  among  the  smaller  operators.  All  of  them,  great  or  small, 
earn  reasonable  returns  on  the  capital  invested  ;  all  of  them  pay  fair  rates  of  wages,  and  wages  in  all  classes 
run  evenlv.  And  there  does  not  appear  to  be  a  low  degree  of  condition  which  might  be  called  a  tendency  to  expansion  in 
working  on  borrowed  capital.  The  most  interesting  feature  of  the  manufacturing  statistics,  however,  is  to  be  found  in  the 
facts  relating  to  the  minor  branches.  The  large  factories  and  works,  made  familiar  by  their  size,  are  veritable  landmarks  of 
the  town.  The  ship-builders,  the  sugar  and  oil  refineries,  the  iron  foundries,  the  great  cotton  and  woolen  mills,  the  meat- 
packing establishments,  the  car  and  locomotive  builders,  the  breweries  and  that  ilk  are  well  known  to  all  and  need  no  particular 
comment.  But  when  accepting  the  term  productive  industry  in  its  broadest  gauge,  as  it  has  been  in  the  enumeration,  and 
embracing  within  its  scope  the  mechanical  trades,  the  variety  and  number  of  producers  makes  a  fertile  subject  of  reflection  as 
to  the  existence  of  a  social  economy  which  cannot  but  be  of  the  utmost  advantage  to  the  prosperity  and  welfare  of  Philadelphia 
and  which  guarantees  its  future  advancement.  It  is  in  these  many  thousands  of  smaller  enterprises  that  the  foundation 
naturally  lies  for  coming  improvement.  The  great  majority  of  these  producers  are  in  what  can  be  called  a  high  grade  of 
financial  condition  in  that  they  are  each  and  all  of  them  owners  of  their  places  of  business  ;  hard  workers,  as  can  be  judged 
from  the  fact  that  they  invariably  labor  from  twelve  to  fourteen  hours  a  day  ;  economical  and  saving,  as  the}-  have  their  help 
in  the  members  of  their  own  families  ;  accumulative,  inasmuch  as  they  are  readily  able  to  show  a  neat  profit  after  all  expenses 
of  living  are  deducted.  They  are  of  all  nationalities,  but  evidently,  with  few  exceptions,  are  here  to  stay.  They  are  to  be 
found  in  all  sorts  of  out-of-the-way  places,  in  cellars  and  garrets,  in  handsome  old  dwelling  houses  and  in  glooiny  alleys,  in 
a  single  room  in  a  massive  specimen  of  modern  architecture  and  in  dilapidated  relics  of  the  time  of  Penn.  They  toil  and 
they  spin,  and  each  day  add  a  fraction  to  the  money  value,  a  step  to  the  growth,  an  inch  to  the  advancement  of  the  city,  so 
that  when  another  decade  shall  roll  around  these  mites  will  be  among  the  greater  lords  of  industry  and  their  places  then  be 
supplied  by  others,  who  in  turn  will  climb.  And  this  is  the  soundest  foundation  of  wealth  and  importance,  the  masonry 
of  production,  the  rock  of  industrial  improvement.  Philadelphia,  with  a  population  of  a  million  and  producing  each  year 
nearly  eight  hundred  millions  of  dollars  of  new  material,  stands  upon  a  plane  of  advancement  which  is  unequalled  in  this 
country  because  no  other  city  can  show  a  like  ratio,  and  which,  unaffected  as  it  is  by  speculation  or  undue  excitement,  should 
be  a  matter  of  urban  pride.  A  growth  which  comes  from  advancement  of  industrial  enterprise  is  permanent.  We  may  not 
excel  in  commerce,  but  we  can  furnish  commerce  with  her  ships.  We  may  not  rank  high  as  a  railroad  centre,  but  we  can 
supply  the  traffic  centres  with  their  motive  power,  with  iron  and  steel  for  structural  purposes,  with  equipment  of  all  grades. 
The  flash  and  dash  of  speculative  whirls  may  not  be  here,  but  there  is  the  flash  of  the  forge,  the  dash  of  the  loom  and  the 
whirl  of  the  spindle  ;  a  sure  and  steady  accretion  which  is  best  appreciated  by  ourselves  because  it  is  to  us  the  benefit  returns  ; 
shown  in  the  stability  of  our  credit,  the  constant  addition  to  our  importance  in  national  affairs  and  the  exceptional  relations 
which  we  occupy  towards  our  neighbors.  They  buy,  we  sell.  The}*  consume,  we  manufacture.  They  are  the  seekers,  we 
^e  finders — and  all  because  of  our  grand  productive  industries. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


BALDWIN  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS 

The  Baldwin  Locomotive  Works  dates  its  origin  from  the  in- 
ception of  steam  railroads  in  America.  Called  into  existence  by 
the  early  requirements  of  the  railroad  interests  of  the  country,  it 
has  grown  with  their  growth  and  kept  pace  with  their  progress. 
It  has  reflected  in  its  career  the  successive  stages  of  American  rail- 
road practice,  and  has  itself  contributed  largely  to  the  development 
of  the  locomotive  as  it  exists  to-day.  A  history  of  the  Baldwin 
Locomotive  Works,  therefore,  is,  in  a  great  measure,  a  record  ofthe 
progress  of  locomotive  engineering  in  this  country,  andassuch,  can- 
not fail  to  be  of  interest  to  all  who  are  concerned  in  this  important  ele- 
ment of  our  material  progress.  To  do  full  justice  to  the  subject  would 
require  a  full  volume,  and  it  is  with  regret  we  cannot  trace  theprog- 
ress  ofthe  Works  year  by  year.  The  founder  ofthe  establishment 
was  Matthias  W.  Baldwin,  who  learned  the  trade  of  jeweler,  and 
entered  the  service  of  Fletcher  &  Gardiner,  jewelers  and  silver- 
smiths, of  Philadelphia,  in  1817.  Two  years  later  he  opened  a 
small  shop  in  the  same  line  of  business  on  his  own  account.  The 
demand  for  articles  of  this  character  falling  off,  however,  he  formed 
a  partnership  in  1825,  with  David  Mason,  a  machinist,  in  the  man- 
ufacture of  bookbinders'  tools  and  cylinders  for  calico  printing. 
The  business  was  so  successful  that  steam  power  became  necessary 
in  carrying  on  their  business,  and  an  engine  was  built  for  the  pur- 
pose ;  but  proving  unsatisfactory,  Mr.  Baldwin  designed  and  con- 
structed one  specially  adapted  to  the  requirements  of  his  shop.  The 
design  of  the  machine  was  not  only  unique,  but  its  workmanship 
was  so  excellent  and  its  efficiency  so  great,  as  to  readily  procure  for 
Mr.  Baldwin  orders  for  additional  stationary  engines.  Thus  was 
his  attention  turned  to  steam  engineering,  and  the  way  was  pre- 
pared for  his  grappling  with  the  problem  of  the  locomotive  when 
the  time  should  arrive.  Mr.  Mason  retired  from  the  firm  shortly 
prior  to  1S30.  In  1S29-30  the  use  of  steam  as  a  motive  power  on 
railroads  had  begun  to  engage  the  attention  of  American  engineers; 
and  some  time  during  the  latter  year  Mr.  Baldwin  constructed  a 
miniature  locomotive  for  exhibition  in  the  Philadelphia  Museum  of 
Franklin  Pcale.  It  was  put  in  motion  on  April  25,  1S31,  and  so 
successful  was  it  that  in  the  same  year  Mr.  Baldwin  received  an 
order  for  a  locomotive  from  the  Philadelphia,  Germautown  and 
Norristown  Railroad  Company,  completing  it  and  giving  it  a  trial 
on  the  road  November  23,  1S32. 

It  was  christened  "Old  Ironsides,"  and  a  model  of  it  can  be 
seen  in  a  glass  case  in  the  office  of  the  Works.  From  that  day  the 
business  of  Mr.  Baldwin  began  to  increase,  and  in  1S34,  finding  the 
capacity  of  his  works  in  Lodge  Alley  inadequate,  he  had  erected  a 
large  three  story  brick  building,  L  shaped,  at  the  corner  of  Broad 
and  Hamilton  streets,  the  site  being,  in  part,  of  the  present  mam- 
moth establishment.  It  was  occupied  some  time  in  1S35,  and  is 
still  in  use,  but  greatly  improved  and  enlarged.  On  April  8,  1S39, 
Mr.  Baldwin  associated  with  himself  Messrs.  Vail  and  Hufty,  and 
the  business  was  conducted  under  the  firm  name  Baldwin,  Vail  & 
Hufty  until  1S41,  when  Mr.  Hufty  withdrew,  and  Baldwin  &  Vail 
continued  the  co-partnership. 

It  was  dissolved  the  following  year,  however,  by  the  withdraw- 
al of  Mr.  Vail.  Asa  Whitney,  who  had  been  superintendent  of  the 
Mohawk  and  Hudson  Railroad,  then  became  Mr.  Baldwin's  part- 
ner, and  until  1846  the  firm  was  continued  as  Baldwin  &  Whitney. 
Mr.  Whitney  withdrew  in  that  year  to  engage  in  the  manufacture 
of  car  wheels,  establishing  the  firm  of  A.  Whitney  &  Sons,  Phila- 
delphia.. Mr.  Baldwin  then  continued  the  business  in  his  own 
name  until  1S54,  when  Matthew  Baird,  who  had  been  connected 
with  the  Works  since  1S36,  as  one  of  the  foremen,  entered  into 
partnership,  the  firm  becoming  known  as  M.  W.  Baldwin  &  Co.  It 
so  continued  until  the  death  of  Mr.  Baldwin,  which  occurred  Sep- 
tember 7,  1S66.  A  reorganization  was  effected  the  following  year 
under  the  title  of  "The  Baldwin  Locomotive  Works,"  M.  Baird  & 
Co.,  Proprietors. 

George  Buruham  and  Charles  T.  Pairv,   who  had  been  con- 


nected with  the  establishment  from  an  early  period,  the  former  in 
charge  ofthe  finances,  and  the  latter  as  general  superintendent, 
were  associated  with  Mr.  Baird  in  the  co-partnership.  Three  years 
later,  Edward  H.  Williams,  William  P.  Henszey  and  Edward  Long- 
streth  became  members  of  the  firm.  Mr.  Williams  had  been  con- 
nected with  the  railway  management  of  various  lines  since  1850. 
Mr.  Henszey  had  been  mechanical  engineer,  and  Mr.  Longstreth  the 
general  superintendent  of  the  Works  for  several  years  previously. 
Early  in  1S73  Mr.  Baird  sold  his  interest  in  the  Works  to  his  five 
partners,  and  a  new  firm  was  formed  under  the  style  of  Burnham, 
Parry,  Williams  &  Co.,  dating  from  January  I,  of  that  year.  John 
H.  Converse,  who  had  been  connected  with  the  works  since  1870, 
became  a  member  of  the  new  firm.  The  firm  was  again  reorgan- 
ized in  Mr.  Parry  having  withdrawn,  and  it  is  now  known  as  "The 
Baldwin  Locomotive  Works,"  Burnham,  Williams  &  Co.,  Proprie- 
tors, the  members  being  George  Burnham,  Edward  H.  Williams, 
William  P.  Henszey,  John  H.  Converse,  William  C.  Stroud,  and 
William  L.  Austin.  Such,  in  brief,  is  the  history  of  these  famous, 
worldwide  known  works.  Nearly  12,000  locomotives  have  been 
constructed  since  the  "Old  Ironsides"  of  1S31.  To  show  their  rapid 
progress  we  will  make  a  few  comparisons,  which,  in  this  instance 
at  least,  will  not  prove  odious.  The  one-thousandth  locomotive 
was  only  completed  in  186 1,  making  an  average  of  only  thirtv-three 
for  the  first  thirty  years  ;  the  two  thousandth  in  1S69  ;  three  thou- 
sandth, 1872  ;  four  thousandth,  1S76  ;  five  thousandth,  1S80  ;  six 
thousandth,  1SS2  ;  seven  thousand,  1S83  ;  eight  thousandth,  1SS6; 
nine  thousandth,  1S8S  ;  ten  thousandth,  1SS9;  eleven  thousandth, 
1S90  :  the  eleven  thousandth  four  hundred  and  ninety-sixth  loco- 
motive was  completed  December  31,  1S90.  The  product  from  1SS1 
to  1S90  inclusive,  was  equal  to  52.7  per  cent,  of  the  entire  product 
from  the  establishment  ofthe  works  in  1S31  to  December  31,  1S90. 
It  included  1141  locomotives  for  export.  In  1S35  Mr.  Baldwin  oc- 
cupied a  three-story  brick  L  shaped  building  at  Broad  anil  Hamilton 
streets,  and  employed  about  three  hundred  hands.  The  Works 
now  cover  14  acres  of  ground,  fronting  on  Broad  street  from  Spring 
Garden  street  to  Pennsylvania  avenue,  and  extending  back  to  Six- 
teenth street,  while  in  addition  two  blocks  bounded  by  Bnttonwood 
street,  Pennsylvania  avenue,  Seventeenth  anil  Eighteenth  streets, 
are  also  occupied.  The  location  of  the  departments  is  as  follows: 
Office,  drawing  room  and  erecting  shops  in  building  between  Spring 
Garden  and  Bnttonwood  streets,  and  Broad  and  Fifteenth  streets; 
boiler  shop,  machine  shop  and  blacksmith  shop  in  building  between 
Bnttonwood  and  Hamilton  streets  and  Broad  and  Sixteenth  streets  ; 
machine  shop,  blacksmith  and  hammer  shop,  pattern  shop  and 
paint  shop  in  building  between  Hamilton  street  and  Pennsylvania 
avenue  and  Broad  and  Fifteenth  streets  ;  iron  and  brass  foundry 
and  shop  and  blacksmith  shop  in  building  between  Bnttonwood 
and  Hamilton  streets  and  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  streets ;  machine 
shop,  tank  and  sheet  iron  shop  and  wood  shop  in  building  between 
Bnttonwood  and  Hamilton  streets  and  Seventeentli  and  Eighteenth 
streets  ;  spring  shop  in  building  between  Hamilton  street  and  Penn- 
sylvania avenue  and  Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth  streets.  From 
this  description  an  idea  can  be  formed  of  the  magnitude  of  the 
Works,  as  it  can  also  from  the  following  statistics  completed  Janu- 
ary 1,  1891.  Number  of  engines  built  per  day,  3'^;  capacity  per 
year,  1,000;  number  of  men  employed,  4,900  ;  hours  of  labor  per 
man  per  day,  10  ;  principal  departments  run  continuously,  hours 
per  day,  24;  horse-power  employed,  4400;  number  of  buildings 
comprised  in  works,  23;  consumption  of  coal  per  day  in  tons,  ap- 
proximately, S40  ;  consumption  of  iron  in  tons  per  day,  approxi- 
mately, 200 ;  consumption  of  other  material  in  tons  per  day,  ap- 
proximately, 30  ;  number  of  dynamos  for  furnishing  power  to  drill- 
presses,  punching  machines,  shears,  cranes,  and  for  lighting,  22  ; 
number  of  electric  lights  in  service,  2S00 ;  capacity  of  erecting 
shop,  with  19  tracks,  capable  of  accommodating  four  engines  per 
track,  76.  The  lightest  engine  built  weighed  5100  pounds,  and  the 
heaviest  195,000  pounds.  The  plant  comprises  734  machine  tools; 
and  drawings  and  patterns  for  over  500  different  sizes  or  patterns 
of  locomotives,  for  all  existing  gauges  and  every  description  of  ser- 
vice, are  included  in  the  working  lists.  In  short,  al!  parts  of  loco- 
motives and  tenders,  except  the  boiler  and  tank  plates,  the  steel 
tires  and  steel  forgings,  chilled  wheels,  boiler  tubes,  and  some  of 
the  furniture,  are  made  in  the  works  from  the  raw  materials. 


i°3 


\ 


PHILADELPHIA  AXD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THOMAS  POTTER,  SONS  &  COMPANY 

The  extensive  manufacturing  corporation  of  Thomas 
Potter,  Sons  &  Co.,  manufacturers  of  oil -cloth  and  linoleum,  was 
founded  in  the  3-ear  183S  by  Thomas  Potter,  when  nineteen 
years  of  age.  He  was  born  in  county  Tyrone,  Ireland,  and 
with  his  father  came  to  this  country  in  1S28.  The  family  had 
formerly  been  large  landed  proprietors  in  Ireland  ;  George  Pot- 
ter, an  officer  under  Cromwell,  having  received  large  grants 
for  his  services  in  reducing  Ireland  to  the  will  of  the  Common- 
wealth, and  the  same  was  confirmed  by  the  act  of  settlement, 
i66o(time  of  Charles  II).  George  Potter,  the  father  of  Thomas 
Potter,  died  shortly  after  his  arrival  here,  leaving  his  family, 
wife,  three  daughters  and  a  son,  but  a  small  estate.  His  son 
had  been  desirous  of  entering  the  ministry,  but  his  father's 
death  caused  him  to  forego  this  hope,  and  forced  him  to  main- 
tain himself  as  well  as  to  contribute  to  the  support  of  the 
family. 

He  learned  the  art  of  oil-cloth  manufacturing  with  Isaac 
Macauley,  proprietor  of  Bush  Hill  Oil  Cloth  establishment, 
Philadelphia,  the  main  building  being  the  original  Manor 
House  of  James  Hamilton,  twice  Colonial  Governor  of  the 
province  of  Pennsylvania.  Appreciating  however,  the 
importance  of  a  thorough  education,  he  devoted  himself  to 
diligent  study  at  night  under  the  tuition  of  his  mother,  and 
acquired  a  broad  and  liberal  framework  of  knowledge,  the 
completeness  of  which  was  shown  in  after  life  to  good  pur- 
pose. While  devoting  his  leisure  to  self-improvement  and 
study,  he  gave  such  earnest  and  valuable  attention  to  busi- 
ness, that  in  a  fcw  years  he  was  made  manager  by  Mr. 
Macauley.  In  1838  he  established  himself  in  business,  and 
shortlv  afterwards  purchased  from  his  former  employer,  the 
Bush  Hill  Oil  Cloth  establishment.  He  was  married  October 
2,  1845,  to  Miss  Adaliue  Coleman  Bower,  a  grand-daughter  of 
General  Jacob  Bower,  of  Reading,  Pa.,  who  served  as  an  offL 
cer  in  the  Pennsylvania  Line,  Continental  Army,  from  June, 
1775,  to  the  end  of  the  struggle  for  Independence  in  1783,  and 
was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Pennsylvania  Society  (or 
Order)  of  Cincinnati. 

Mr.  Potter's  enterprise  and  sound  judgment  made  him 
very  successful  in  his  business,  and  he  soon  realized  a  large 
competency.  He  held  many  positions  of  trust  and  responsi- 
bility in  municipal  and  financial  corporations.  In  1853  he 
was  elected  Commissioner  of  the  District  in  which  he  resided; 
he  was  School  Director,  School  Controller,  and  shortly  after 
the  consolidation  of  the  City,  was  elected  to  Councils,  and  at 
once  appointed  chairman  of  the  School  Committee.  Such  was 
his  interest  in  the  matter  of  education,  that  in  the  year  1S90 
(twelve  years  after  his  death),  the  Board  of  Public  Education 
named  the  largest  public  school  in  the  City  (Fourth  and  Clear- 
field streets),  The  Thomas  Potter  School. 

Later  on,  as  chairman  of  the  Finance  Committee,  he  took 
an  active  and  leading  part  in  municipal  legislation.  In  1S61 
he  originated  and  carried  through  the  ordinance  for  the 
appointment  of  a  Commissioner,  to  assist  in  supporting  the 
families  of  volunteers  in  the  Union  army,  who  had  enlisted 
from  Philadelphia  :  he  not  only  gave  this  project  his  untiring 
attention,  but  tendered  the  use  of  his  private  office  (which 
was  accepted)  for  carr\-ing  on  the  work. 

Mr.  Potter  carried  through  Common  Council,  a  bill,  which, 


had  it  not  been  defeated,  would  have  proved  one  of  the  most 
important  ordinances  ever  passed  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia. 
It  was  to  provide  for  the  passage  of  an  Act  of  Assembly, 
authorizing  the  public  squares  at  Broad  and  Market  streets  to 
be  used  for  the  erection  of  an  Academy  of  Natural  Science, 
and  an  Academy  of  Fine  Arts,  and  other  educational  institu- 
tions. He  was  chiefly  instrumental  in  carrying  out  three 
great  reforms  for  the  benefit  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia  : 
Organizing  the  paid  fire  department,  the  securing  to  the  city 
the  eastern  portion  of  Fairmount  Park,  and  the  passing  of  the 
bill  which  required  the  City  Treasurer  to  pay  city  warrants 
according  to  date  and  number,  which  brought  them  to  par, 
and  at  once  strengthened  the  credit  of  the  city. 

He  was  one  of  the  original  members  of  the  Union  League, 
and  appointed  on  the  first  committee  of  that  bod}-,  whose 
object  was  to  collect  money  and  distribute  the  same  towards 
assisting  the  widows  and  orphans  of  Union  soldiers  from  Phil- 
adelphia. 

In  1S6S,  his  health  shattered  by  his  devotion  to  public 
duties  and  the  demands  of  private  interests,  he  resigned  his 
seat  in  Councils  and  visited  Europe,  seeking  to  recover  his 
health.  In  1871,  after  his  return,  he  was  made  President  of 
the  City  National  Bank  of  Philadelphia,  and  held  that  posi- 
tion until  his  death,  which  took  place  at  his  residence,  the 
"Evergreens,"   Chestnut  Hill,   Philadelphia,   Sept.  29,  1S78. 

In  1870  Mr.  Potter  sold  the  property  at  Bush  Hill,  and 
purchased  the  ground  and  erected  the  extensive  establishment 
at  Second  and  Venango  streets,  on  the  New  York  Division  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  which  has  since  been  greatly 
enlarged,  and  where  the  business  now  carried  on  by  his 
sons,  under  the  name  of  Thomas  Potter.  Sons  &  Co.,  Incor- 
porated, has  so  increased,  that  it  is  the  most  extensive  of  its 
kind  in  the  United  States. 

The  members  of  the  firm  are  Col.  Thomas  Potter,  Jr., 
William  Potter,  Henry  A.  Potter  and  James  F.  Hope. 

Col.  Thomas  Potter,  Jr.,  was  Assistant  Quarter  Master 
General  of  Pennsylvania,  and  as  a  member  of  Governor 
Beaver's  staff",  gave  valuable  assistance  to  General  Hastings 
at  Johnstown,  in  providing  for  the  wants  of  the  suffering  in- 
habitants of  that  city,  whose  property  was  swept  away  by 
the  flood  of  1SS9.  He  is  also  one  of  the  incorporators  of  the 
famous  Clover  Club. 

William  Totter  was  one  of  the  Executive  Committee  of 
the  Committee  of  One  Hundred;  accredited  by  the  State  and 
Post-Office  departments,  as  special  representative  to  London, 
Paris  and  Berlin,  and  brought  about  the  adoption  of  Sea  Post 
Offices  (now  in  operation)  on  the  steamers  of  the  North  Ger- 
man Lloyd,  and  Hamburg  American  lines.  He  is  Secretary 
of  the  Union  League,  and  has  recently  been  appointed  dele- 
gate to  represent  the  United  States  at  the  International  Postal 
Congress  to  convene  in  Vienna,  May  20,  1S91. 

Henry  A.  Potter  was  a  member  of  the  New  Jersey  Legis- 
lature, was  a  delegate  from  the  same  State  to  the  Republican 
National  Convention  at  Chicago,  that  nominated  Benjamin 
Harrison  for  President  of  the  United  States  :  was  tendered, 
but  owing  to  business  engagements,  was  obliged  to  refuse, 
the  post  of  Secretary  of  Legation  at  Berlin. 

Mr.  Chas.  A.  Potter  and  Mr.  James  F.  Hope  are  both  well 
known  Philadelphians,  and  members  of  many  organizations 
in  their  native  city. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


J.  G.  BRILL  COMPANY 

The  works  of  the  J.  G.  Brill  Couipanv,  a  view  of  which  is  pre- 
sented below,  are  located  at  Mt.  Moriah,  a  station  of  both  the  Penn- 
sylvania Railroad  and  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad,  a  few  miles 
from  Philadelphia.  The  site  embraces  eighteen  acres  enclosed  bv 
a  high  board  fence— the  tracks  of  the  aforesaid  railroads  enter  the 
grounds,  affording  the  best  shipping  facilities  to  all  points.  The 
shop  buildings  with  one  exception  are  one  story  or  a  story  and  a 
half  structures  of  corrugated  iron.  The  office  building  on  the  left  is 
of  brick,  four  stories  high  and  172  feet  by  40  feet.  It  contains  the 
offices  of  the  company,  draughting  rooms,  storage  vaults,  store 
rooms  for  material,  brass  trimmings,  upholstering  material  and 
numerous  small  parts  that  enter  into  the  construction  of  a  car,  the 
pattern  rooms  and  time-keeper's  room.  The  machine  shop  is  a 
building  155x60  feet,  fully  equipped  with  iron  working  tools,  drill 
presses,  lathes,  key  seating  machines,  a  100-ton  wheel  press,  and 
emery  wheels  for  polishing  and  grinding.  The  truck  shop  in  rear 
of  the  machine  shop  is  125  feet  by  35  feet.  Three  tracks  run  the 
entire  length  of  the  building,  which  is  equipped  with  an  overhead 
trolley  crane  for  handling  heavy  parts.  The  lumber  sheds  are 
located  in  the  rear  of  the  place  and  cover  a  large  space.     The  pump- 


are  two  lines  of  transfer  tables,  one  in  the  foreground  and  the  other 
between  the  line  of  buildings,  which  provide  for  readily  trans- 
porting cars  to  the  shipping  station.  An  eating  house  70x20  feet 
has  recently  been  erected  tor  the  accommodation  of  the  officers 
and  employees  of  the  works.  To  ensure  the  safe  delivery  of  cars, 
the  Company  own  twenty  flat  steam  cars,  fifty  to  sixtv  feet  long, 
on  which  two  cars  can  be  shipped,  some  of  these  cars  are  covered, 
being  16  feet  in  height. 

These  works  were  originally  established  by  John  G.  Brill  and 
his  son  G.  M.  Brill,  at  Thirty-first  and  Chestnut  streets  in  1868. 
The  establishment  was  at  first  designed  exclusively  for  the  manu- 
facture on  a  small  scale  of  street  car  materials,  but  by  degrees  the 
present  line  of  business  was  entered  upon.  After  a  few  months 
experience,  thirty-four  cars  were  built  for  the  People's  Railwav, 
Baltimore,  and  fifty-two  for  a  St.  Louis  Company.  The  work  being 
of  a  high  character,  other  orders  quickly  followed  from  Cincinnati, 
from  Oil  City  (for  inclined  cars),  from  Salt  Lake  City  and  Mexico. 
They  received  an  order  for  cars  to  run  on  a  railway  terminating  in 
the  exposition  building  at  Vienna,  Austria.  These  and  manv  other 
orders  were  successfully  filled  and  are  among  the  early  triumphs  of 
the  J.  G.  Brill  Company.  The  works  at  Thirtv-first  street  covered 
an  area  of  about  4'<  acres,  and  soon  the  ground  and  facilities  were 


J.  G.  Brill  Company's  C 


ing  station  and  oil  house  near  by  occupy  a  low  fire-proof  structure. 
An  artesian  well  275  feet  deep  supplies  the  water  for  the  boilers. 
There  are  two  tanks  for  holding  water,  one  of  25,000  and  one  of 
30,000  gallons  capacity,  and  a  storage  cistern  of  50,000  gallons  capac- 
ity. The  dry-kiln  has  a  capacity  of  100,000  feet  of  lumber,  and 
unusual  care  is  taken  in  the  selection  and  seasoning  of  lumber,  as 
it  insures  long  life  and  durability,  and  is  one  secret  of  the  success 
of  the  Company.  The  lumber  sheds  are  extensive,  one  33SX56  feet 
and  one  170x2s  feet,  with  extensive  new  sheds  in  course  of  erec- 
tion. The  power  for  driving  the  machinery  is  supplied  by  a  300 
horse-power  engine  built  by  I.  P.  Morris,  and  driven  by  steam  from 
three  Connerv  boilers.  The  wood-working  mill  building,  No.  3,  is 
of  brick  165x80  feet  with  two  stories  and  lantern.  There  are  seven- 
ty-two wood  working  machines  of  the  latest  approved  makes. 
Building  No.  2,  is  the  erecting  shop  1S0  feet  bv  120  feet,  one  story 
containing  store  room  for  finished  material  and  a  decorators'  room. 
It  is  roomy  and  well  lighted,  having  about  S700  lights  of  glass. 
From  the  erecting  shop  the  cars  go  to  building  No.  15,  known  as 
the  packing  shop,  where  the  bodies  are  filled  and  prepared  for  the 
paint  shop.  A  portion  of  the  packing  shop  is  occupied  by  the  elec- 
tric companies,  who  arc  engaged  in  wiring  the  cars  and  mounting 
the  motors  upon  the  trucks.  The  paint  shop  has  a  capacity  of  sixty 
cars  at  a  time,  seven  tracks  extend  through  it.  All  the  buildings 
are  heated  by  steam,  over  87,000  feet  of  pipe  being  employed.  There 


insufficient  for  the  increasing  business.  In  1SS7  work  was  begun 
at  the  present  location  which  was  then  a  wild  tract  full  of  gorges 
and  irregular  knolls,  but  now  as  shown  above  is  occupied  by  fine 
buildings  and  machinery,  giving  the  Company  facilities  for  turn- 
ing out  a  vast  amount  of  work,  and  for  competing  favorably  in 
style  and  quality  with  the  work  of  other  car  builders.  Employ- 
ment is  given  to  700  hands.  Every  kind  of  a  car  that  runs  on 
rails  is  manufactured  to  order,  and  the  trade  extends  over  the 
United  States,  Mexico,  Central  and  South  America. 

Mr.  J.  G.  Brill  was  born  in  Germany  ;  upon  coming  to  this  city 
he   entered  the  employment  of  Murphy  &   Allison,  car  builders. 

The  Companv  was  incorporated  in  18S7,  and  since  the  death  of 
Mr.  J.  G.  Brill  in  18S8,  the  business  has  been  conducted  by  the 
three  brothers  G.  M.,  John  A.  and  Edward  Brill,  and  James  Rawle, 
the  secrctarv  and  treasurer  of  the  Company,  who  has  been  con- 
nected with  them  for  the  past  twenty  years,  and  has  more  than 
ably  filled  the  duties  of  his  position.  'Each  of  the  Messrs.  Brill  has 
his"  special  work  in  the  conduct  of  the  business.  Mr.  G.  M. 
Brill  is  general  manager  of  the  works.  Mr.  John  A.  Brill  is  the 
travelling  man  of  the  firm  and  also  gives  especial  attention  to 
inventing  and  patenting  new  devices,  while  Mr.  Edward  Brill 
superintends  the  buying  and  care  of  lumber  and  material,  and  has 
a  general  oversight  of  the  out  door  work.  The  works  were  removed 
from  Philadelphia  to  the  present  site  in  September,  1890. 


V 


y 


£^~ 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


WILLIAM  SELLERS  &  COMPANY  (Incorporated) 

At  the  great  iron  works  of  William  Sellers  &  Company  (Incor- 
poratcd),  Philadelphia,  manual  skill  in  a  large  measure  is  dispensed 
with  as  there  are  various  machines  for  turning,  planing,  shaping, 
drilling,  or  boring  metal  or  wood  in  which  the  tool  or  cutting  edge 
is  guided  in  its  fixed  path  by  mechanical  means.  The  term  "  ma- 
chine tool  "  in  this  connection  should  be  understood  to  include  all 
machines  that  work  or  shape  metal,  as  steam  hammers,  hydraulic 
forging  machines,  riveting  machines,  punching  and  shearing  ma- 
chines. As  a  distinct  branch  of  industry,  "  machine  tool  "  making 
is  of  recent  date.  The  first  man  to  attempt  the  construction  of 
"machine  tools"  was  Mr.  Joseph  Whitworth,  of  England.  Not 
long  after  this  Bancroft  &  Sellers,  now  William  Sellers  &  Co.  (In- 
corporated), started  a  similar  establishment  in  this  country.  They 
began  in  1848  with  the  making  of  "  machine  tools  "  shafting  and 
mill  gearing,  their  shops  being  located  in  Kensington.  In  1S53 
they  erected  new  buildings  at  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  streets, 
Pennsylvania  avenue  and  Hamilton  street,  the  works  taking  in  the 
entire  block. 

In  1S55,  not  two  years  after  the  occupation  of  the  new  works, 
Mr.  Bancroft,  the  senior  partner,  died,  and  the  business  passed  into 
the  hands  of  William  Sellers  and  John  Sellers,  Jr.,  the  firm  name 
being  William  Sellers  &  Company.  The  two  brothers  constituted 
the  firm  until  1873,  when  Coleman  Sellers,  John  Sellers  Bancroft 
and  James  C.  Brooks,  who  had  long  been  associated  in  the  business 
were  admitted  to  partnership.  In  1870  they  removed  to  new  build- 
ings covering  more  than  half  the  square  of  ground  north  of  them, 
all  that  pertained  to  the  foundry,  namely  :  the  pattern  shop,  pat- 
tern storage  rooms,  and  the  foundry  proper.  In  addition  to  the 
regular  business  of  the  house  of  "machine  tool  "  making,  they  have 
for  several  years  been  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  other  necessi- 
ties of  railroads,  as  turn  tables  for  locomotives,  turn  tables  for  pivot 
bridges,  sliding  or  transfer  tables.  Their  cast  iron  turn  table  has 
been  adopted  by  many  of  the  railroads  in  the  United  States,  South 
America  and  Australia,  and  is  in  use  in  Europe.  Among  the  most 
important  of  their  recent  productions  arc  two  high  speed  power 
travelling  cranes  just  placed  in  the  new  erecting  shops  of  the 
Baldwin  Locomotive  Works.  Each  of  these  cranes  has  two  50-ton 
trolleys,  making  the  total  capacity  of  each  crane  100  tons.  The 
machinery  is  driven  by  electric  motors  and  the  speed  of  the  cranes 
is  as  follows :  Upon  the  runway  100  and  200  feet  per  minute  ; 
transversely  in  the  crane  bridge  50  and  100  feet  per  minute  ;  hoist- 
ing and  lowering  5,  10,  20,  and  40  feet  per  minute  ;  all  variable  at 
the  will  of  the  operator  to  any  speed  between  maximum  and  zero 
and  may  be  made  without  shock  or  jar.  This  house  introduced  the 
Gilford  boiler  injectors  into  the  United  States,  and  improved  it 
greatly,  and  is  now  sending  the  improved  instruments  in  large 
quantities  to  the  French  railways.  The  first  display  of  the  work 
of  this  house  in  Europe  was  in  Paris  in  1S67.  This  they  followed 
by  a  larger  exhibit  in  Vienna  in  1873.  In  Paris  they  received 
the  Gold  Medal,  and  in  Vienna  what  is  called  the  Great  Diploma 
of  Honor,  the  highest  possible  mark  of  appreciation.  The  award 
was  to  "Sellers  for  pre-eminent  achievements  in  the  invention 
and  construction  of  'machine  tools,"  many  of  which  Have  been 
adopted  as  patterns  by  the  constructors  of  tools  in   all   countries." 

With  the  advent  of  "machine  tools,"  wooden  cog  wheels, 
wooden  shafts,  and  the  cumbersome  wooden  drums  gave  way  to 
iron  pulleys  on  iron  shafts,  running  in  metal  boxes.  But  all  those 
were  of  clumsv  and  heavy  designs,  altogether  too  heavy,  and  as 
they  were  sold  at  so  much  per  pound,  there  was  small  inducement 
for  the  manufacturer  to  attempt  a  reducement  in  weight.  The 
need  of  a  more  perfect  system  of  transmission  hail  long  occupied 
the  mind  of  Mr.  Edward  Bincroft,  and  at  last  he  designed  a  form  01 
hanger  for  shafts  which  is  known  as  the  "ball  and  socket  hanger," 
and  is  now  in  general  use  throughout  the  country.  It  involves  a 
self-adjusting  principle  in  the  alignment  of  the  box  in  relation  to 
the  shaft  turning  in  it  and  ready  means  of  lining  up  the  entire 
series  of  shafts,  making  one  continuous  line.  Oddly  enough  after 
this  invention  was  completed,  Mr.  Bancroft  couldnot  induceasingle 
one  of  the  leading  manufacturers  to  take  hold  of  it.  On  this 
account  the  house  of  Bancroft  &  Sellers  pushed  forward  to  further 
perfect  the  manufacture  of  shafting,  and  soon  became  as  celebrated 
for  the  excellence  of  their  shafting  as  for  their  other  machines.  In 
fact  they  turned  their  attention  very  particularly  to  the  shafting 
business  and  they  contrived  many  ingenious  machines  in  this  con- 
nection. They  introduced  a  new  form  of  coupling  for  uniting  the 
separate  pieces  of  round  iron  going  to  make  up  a  line  of  shafts. 
This  coupling  was  easily  attached  and  detached,  did  away  with 
much  expensive  fitting  requiring  skilled  workmen  and  allowed 
the  use  of  a  form  of  hanger  with  less  metal  than  was  ever  before 


possible.  It  took  some  time  to  show  the  users  of  hangers  that  it 
would  be  true  economy  to  pay  more  per  pound  for  a  good  article, 
that  was  honestly  strong  and  would  cost  less  money  to  keep  run- 
ning and  in  repair  than  to  buy,  at  say  ten  per  cent,  less  per  pound, 
triple  the  number  of  pounds  costing  more  coal  to  run.  Buteventu- 
ally  this  lighter  and  more  efficient  shafting  was  placed  upon  the 
market  at  no  greater  cost  in  the  aggregate  than  the  other  articles. 
This  change  was  due  entirely  to  the  introduction  of  improved 
"machine  tools."  Many  hundreds  of  miles  of  this  improved  shaft- 
ing now  drive  the  cotton  and  woolen  mills  of  thiscountrv,  and  there 
are  numerous  examples  of  it  to  be  found  abroad. 

In  their  exhibit  in  Paris  in  1867,  and  afterwards  in  Vienna,  this 
new  system  of  shafting  was  first  displayed  in  Europe.  A  number 
of  the  technical  schools  of  Europe  have  purchased  samples  of  hang- 
ers, couplings,  etc.,  which  they  have  placed  in  their  museums. 
The  foreign  journals,  while  enthusiastic  over  the  merits  of  the  hang- 
ers and  couplings  of  this  firm,  declare  that  in  their  introduction  to 
Europe,  much  is  due  to  the  establishment  of  a  scale  of  fixed  prices 
in  contradiction  of  the  custom  of  some  other  manufacturers,"  who, 
selling  their  goods  by  weight,  would  make  them  inconsistently 
heavy.  For  instance,  the  London  Standard  says,  "The  advantages 
thus  arising  to  the  purchasers  of  the  Messrs.  Sellers'  improved 
shafting  consist  not  only  in  a  direct  saving  of  first  cost  by 
greatly  diminished  weight,  but  in  the  acquisition  of  a  well 
constructed  and  smooth  running  shafting  of  very  neat 
appearance  and  as  light  as  is  consistent  with  the  required 
strength.  The  journal  boxes  are  unusually  long  and  so  held  in 
their  supports  as  to  always  insure  a  uniform  distribution  of  pressure 
over  the  entire  length  of  bearing.  In  their  construction  iron  is  used 
instead  of  brass  or  other  soft  metal  composition." 

Appended  to  the  report  made  bv  the  British  Commissioners  to 
Parliament  on  the  subject  of  the  Vienna  Exhibition,  there  were  a 
series  of  technical  papers  on  special  sections  of  the  Exhibition  con- 
tributed by  W.  W.  Maw  and  James  Dredge.  Speaking  of  machine 
tools  they  say  of  the  exhibit  from  the  United  States,  "For  the  num- 
ber of  machines  it  included  there  was  in  fact  no  collection  of  tools 
in  Machinery  Hall  which  could  compete  for  real  originality  of  con- 
struction with  that  found  in  the  American  department.  Messrs. 
W.  Sellers  &  Company,  of  Philadelphia,  are  well  known  as  the 
Whitworths  of  America,  and  their  exhibits  well  sustained  their  rep- 
utation both  for  design  and  excellence  of  workmanship."  One  of 
their  machines  which  attracted  perhaps  the  largest  share  of  atten- 
tion at  the  European  exhibitions  was  a  peculiar  kind  of  planing 
machine  for  metal.  It  was  the  invention  of  Mr.  William  Sellers  and 
involved  an  entirely  new  principle  in  the  method  of  operating  the 
table.  A  shaft  crossing  the  bed  diagonally  has  on  ita  spiral  pinion, 
this  pinion  engages  the  teeth  of  a  straight  rack  and  imparts  an 
exceedingly  uniform  motion  to  the  table  with  less  friction  than  is 
common  to  other  methods  of  driving.  This  machine  has  been 
greatly  improved  of  late  years  and  is  now  as  far  in  advance  of  the 
ordinary  constructions  of  planing  machines  as  the  original  inven- 
tion was  of  the  machines  then  in  use. 

Another  of  the  English  journals  speaking  of  the  planing 
machine  for  metal,  said,  "The  American  inventor  had  in  view  the 
construction  of  a  better  machine  than  any  now  in  use  and  that 
could  be  more  economically  placed  in  the  workshop.  The  Eng- 
lish builder  of  what  purported  to  be  the  same  character  of  tool, 
adapted  devices  which  had  been  found  to  work  well  but  ignored  all 
the  deviations  from  existing  customs  that  looked  towards  a  rational 
change  in  the  placing  of  tools  in  the  work  shop.  American  . 
mechanics  have  been  obliged  to  bestir  themselves  in  the  world's 
race.  They  have  had  to  contend  with  high  wages  and  a  lack  of 
good  workmen,  they  have  therefore  been  forced  to  exercise  their 
inventive  faculties  to  make  machinery  that  will  cheaply  and  effec- 
tively perform  the  work  required  to  be  done,  and  this  house  held  to 
he  a  model  in  its  line,  has  done  its  share  in  thisgreat  work  by  its  per- 
fection of  the  tools  required  to  make  these  machines." 

William  Sellers  &  Company  (Incorporated)  are  now  engaged 
among  other  works  in  building  the  large  gun  lathes  for  the  United 
States  Navy  Vard,  Washington,  for  16  and  14  inch  rifled  guns. 
These  are  not  only  of  the  largest  that  have  ever  been  designed  for 
such  uses,  but  embody  features  which  in  the  judgment  of  engineers 
make  them  superior  to  any  lathes  before  produced  for  modern  guns. 

Many  of  the  machines  above  mentioned  have  been  recently 
greatly  improved,  and  there  have  been  added  several  important 
tools,  among  them  the  tool  grinding  and  shaping  machine,  and  the 
drill  grinding  machine  with  drill  pointing  attachment. 

This  great  industrial  works  was  incorporated  in  1SS6,  and  is 
now  presided  over  as  follows  :  William  Sellers,  president  and  en- 
gineer ;  John  Sellers,  Jr.,  vice-president  and  treasurer;  Justus  H. 
Schwacke,  secretary  ;  J.  Sellers  Bancroft,  manager  ;  D.  L.  Lukens, 
purchasing  agent. 


107 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIAXS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THE  FLETCHER  WORKS— SCHAUM  &  UHLINGER 

Since  the  invention  of  the  fly  shuttle  by  John  Kay,  in  [733, 
numerous  and  important  improvements  in  the  art  of  weaving  were 
discovered  and  utilized  until  1804,  when  Joseph  Marie  Jacquard,  of 
Lyons,  France,  invented  and  perfected  the  machine  which  bears 
his  name,  and  which  has  revolutionized  the  manufacture  of  textile 
fabrics  in  every  part  of  the  world,  save,  perhaps,  some  of  the  native 
tribes  of  India,  where  the  primitive  hand  loom  is  still  in  vogue. 
Supplementing  the  power  loom,  invented  in  the  latter  part  of  the 
eighteenth  century  by  Dr.  Edmund  Cartwright,  an  eminent  Eng- 
lish divine  of  the  Established  Church,  the  Jacquard  loom  was  of  such 
paramount  importance,  that  the  distinguished  inventor,  before  his 
death  in  1834,  saw  his  loom  in  almost  universal  use.  The  grand- 
father of  Mr.  William  W.  Uhlinger,  a  native  of  Switzerland,  was 
for  years  employed  in  Jacquard's  factory  at  Lyons,  afterward  estab- 
lished a  factory  in  Switzerland,  with  his  son,  \V.  P.  Uhlinger,  who 
subsequently  emigrating  to  Philadelphia,  began  the  manufacture 
of  looms,  and  founded  the  present  business  in  1S50. 

To  give  such  of  our  readers  as  may  not  be  familiar  with  the 
art  of  weaving,  an  intelligent  idea  of  the  immense  value  of  the 
Jacquard  machine,  it  is  but  proper  to  state  here  that  every  piece  of 
figured    goods,    no 


■  B  E  R  H 


IHItfJHUIIjm 


The  Fletcher  Wori- 


set 


matter  where  and 
how  made,  is  wov- 
en by  the  aid  of  a 
Jacquard  machine, 
without  which  all 
fabrics  would  have 
to  be  confined  to 
plain  weaves,  such 
as  plaids,  checks, 
stripes,  etc..  etc. 
Previous  to  the  in- 
vention of  this  ma- 
chine the  work  was 
done  by  a  number 

of  boys,  who  each  pulled  a  series  of  cords  according  to 
pattern.  This  of  course  was  so  laborious  and  costly,  that  it  is  very 
easv  to  perceive  at  once  what  an  indispensable  thing  a  Jacquard 
machine  is  at  the  present  day,  enabling  us  to  enjoy  the  finest  de- 
signed goods  and  elegant  color  effects  at  a  cost  which  would  not 
have  been  dreamed  of  one  hundred  years  ago. 

In  July,  18S9,  Messrs.  Schaum  &  Uhlinger  purchased  the  entire 
plant,  goodwill  and  fixtures  of  W.  P.  Uhlinger,  and  in  the  same 
year  the  new  Fletcher  Works  were  built,  named  so  in  honor  of  Mr. 
George  A.  Fletcher,  the  special  partner  of  the  firm.  These  exten- 
sive works  are  now  fully  occupied  by  them,  and  in  it  they  are  suc- 
ccssfullv  conducting  the  leading  industry  of  the  kind  in  the  United 
States.  The  operations  of  the  old  concern  were  at  first  confined  to 
the  manufacture  of  Jacquard  machines,  and  the  business  was  com- 
paratively limited,  these  looms  at  that  time  being  in  use  only  in 
limited  quantities;  but  recent  improvements  made  in  silk,  woolen 
and  cotton  looms  have  made  the  use  of  Jacquard's  invention  almost 
universal  in  fancy  weaving,  and  thereby  extended  the  operations 
of  the  firm  to  such  an  extent  as  to  make  them  practically  without 
competition  in  the  United  States.  For  their  important  work 
Messrs.  Schaum  &  Uhlinger  occupy  their  immense  building  at 
North  Penn  Junction,  on  the  New  York  Division  of  the  Pennsyl- 


vania Railroad,  with  a  frontage  of  300  feet  on  Gleuwood  avenue, 
and  a  depth  of  90  feet  on  Second  street,  and  have  just  completed  a 
large  new  foundry  adjoining  the  main  building,  with  an  area  of 
.So  by  100  feet;  also  extensive  lumber  sheds,  in  which  is  stored  an 
immense  quantity  of  seasoned  lumber  for  manufacturing  purposes. 
These,  with  the  engine  and  boiler  houses,  blacksmith  shops  and 
stables  adjoining,  constitute  the  largest  and  most  valuable  plant  for 
the  manufacture  of  this  machinery  in  the  country.  This  complete 
plant  represents  an  outlay  of  5275,000,  and  makes  this  concern  one 
of  the  leading  contributors  to  the  large  aggregate  of  the  home  and 
export  trade  of  the  United  States. 

The  power  is  transmitted  to  all  parts  of  this  vast  establishment 
by  a  series  of  ropes,  a  system  recently  perfected  and  put  in  by  Mr. 
George  V.  Cresson,  of  this  citv. 

The  output  of  these  works  comprise  plain  and  fancy  looms  for 
silk,  cotton  and  woolen  goods,  ribbon,  tape  and  webbing  looms, 
Jacquards,  dobbies,  witches,  centrifugal-hvdro-extractors,  card 
stamping  and  repeating  machines,  &c.  The  firm  are  the  pioneers 
in  the  art  of  swivel  weaving,  having  perfected  and  brought  out  the 
first  power  swivel  loom  for  broad  goods  in  the  world,  and  are  at 
present  sending  these  looms  to  foreign  countries  in  large  quantities 
in  addition  to  their  immense  home  trade.     Among  their  shipments 

may  be  mentioned 
some  to  Germany, 
France,  Italy,  Eng- 
land, also  Egypt, 
Japan  and  other 
foreign  countries, 
with  an  increasing 
South  American 
trade. 

A  special  feat- 
ure of  the  firm  is 
their  looms  for  the 
weaving  o  f  silks 
ami  ribbons.  In 
the  success  of  this 
comparatively  new,  but  already  important  industry  of  the  United 
States,  this  firm  have  been  important  factors. 

This  successful  representative  firm  is  composed  of  Messrs.  Otto 
\V.  Schaum,  William  H.  Rometsch,  and  William  W.  Uhlinger,  gen- 
eral partners,  and  Mr.  George  A.  Fletcher,  special  partner.  Mr. 
Schaum  is  a  practical  expert  machinist,  and  lias  been  engaged  in 
and  about  the  manufacture  of  looms  since  he  was  sixteen  years 
of  age.  Mr.  William  II.  Rometsch  commenced  the  manufacture 
of  looms  under  the  instruction  of  his  father,  who  began  the 
business  in  New  York  in  1S65,  and  alter  years  of  practical  ex- 
perience, came  to  Philadelphia,  and  subsequently  became  a  mem- 
ber of  this  firm. 

Combining  thus  familiarity  with  every  detail  of  their  difficult 
and  important  work,  with  executive  ability  of  a  high  order,  it  is 
not  to  be  wondered  at  that  the  success  of  Messrs.  Schaum  & 
Uhlinger  should  be  co-extensive  with  the  wonderful  growth  of  the 
manufacture  of  textile  fabrics  in  the  United  States,  and  that  in 
this  house  the  operators  of  the  cotton,  woolen  and  silk  mills  of  the 
country  should  find  such  an  auxiliary  as  enables  them  to  compete 
in  all  branches  of  the  weaving  art  with  those  of  every  nation  on  the 
globe;  the  improvement  in  machinery  and  devices  offsetting  cheap 
labor. 


afPB5PEEEBEI!BRpSflgr,^'f[.^Sl^t:"''-- 


MJM    &    UHLI 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THE  PHOENIX   IRON   COMPANY 


The  Phoenix  Iron  Company  was  established  in  1790,  and 
therefore  celebrated  its  "  Centennial"  year  in  1S90.  In  1790, 
the  works  consisted  simply  of  a  rolling  mill  amd  nail  factory. 
The  power  for  driving  was  derived  from  the  damming  of 
French  Creek  just  above  the  present  foundry,  the  old  site  of 
the  rolling  mill.  In  1809,  the  property  was  known  as  the 
French  Creek  Works,  and  it  was  not  until  1813  that  the 
name  of  "The  Phoenix  Works"  was  substituted.  Lewis 
Wernwag,  the  builder  of  the  Fairmount  wooden  bridge  over 
the  Schuylkill  at  Philadelphia,  became  interested  in  the 
enterprise  and  added  a  number  of  improvements.  In  1821, 
the  rolling  mill  had  but  one  pair  of  rolls  and  one  pair  of 
rotary  slitters.  In  1832,  new  works  were  erected  including 
fifty-four  nail  machines  and  a  merchant  mill. 

In  1824,  the  works  are  descriDed  as  "  the  first  and  largest 
nail  factory  of  its  kind  in  the  United  States.  "  In  1S25,  the 
first  successful  attempt  to  generate  steam  with  anthracite 
coal  was  made  with  a  one  hundred  horse  power  Stackhouse 
engine.  Puddling  was  introduced  in  1S27,  and  a  new  rolling 
mill  was  built.  In  1S37,  a  new  blast  furnace  was  built  for 
using  anthracite  for  smelting  iron.  In  this  year  the  Phila- 
delphia &  Reading  Railroad  was  opened,  and  the  use  of 
anthracite  increased. 

In  1S41,  six  puddling  furnaces,  a  Burden  rotary  squeezer 
and  a  train  of  rolls  were  added  to  the  mill.  In  1845-46,  three 
blast  furnaces  were  built  and  in  the  latter  year  other  extensive 
improvements  were  made — a  new  rolling  mill,  puddling  and 
reheating  mill,  smithshops,  pattern  shops,  foundry,  machine 
shops,  offices,  warehouses,  etc. 

In  this  mill  were  rolled  a  large  portion  of  the  rails  used 
in  the  construction  of  the  first  railroads  in  the  country.  In 
1847,  the  large  nail  factory  was  destroyed  by  fire.  In  1S53, 
the  "East  Mill"  was  built.  The  Phoenix  Iron  Company 
was  incorporated  in  1855,  and  merged  into  a  stock  company, 
the  capacity  of  all  the  departments  was  increased  and  the 
manufacture  of  beams,  channels  and  tees  begun,  and  the 
construction  of  bridges  and  other  varieties  of  structural  iron 
work  undertaken. 

In  1S61,  the  manufacture  of  wrought  iron  rifled  cannon 
was  commenced  and  upwards  of  1300  guns  were  made  for 
the  United  States,  which  were  highly  commended  by  the 
military  authorities. 

One  of  the  principal  specialties  of  the  company  is  the 
Phoenix  column  which  was  introduced  in  1S62,  It  is  made 
of  rolled  segments  having  flanges  united  by  rivets,  forming 
a  tubular  column.  The  manufacture  of  eye  bars  by  hydrau- 
lic pressure  for  bridge  links,  was  begun  in  1866,  and  these 
with  the  Phoenix  column  largely  led  to  the  development  of 
the  American  type  of  bridges.  In  1S70,  the  works  occupied 
an  area  of  thirty  acres  ;  in  1871,  forty  acres  were  added  and 
a  new  mill  building  covering  six  and  a  quarter  acres  under  a 
single  roof  was  erected  with  so  many  improvements  that  it 
served  as  a  model  for  the  Centennial  Exhibition  Buildings 
in  Philadelphia  in  1S76. 

The  valuable  patterns  belonging  to  the  works  are  stored 
in  a  fire-proof  building.  The  additions  and  improvements 
from  1S71  to  1891  are  too  numerous  to  mention  in  detail. 
Open  hearth  steel  furnaces,  blooming  mills,  boilers,  pumps 
and  other  auxiliaries  have  been  erected,  in  fact  everything 
necessary  has  been  done  for  the  formation  of  a  complete 
establishment  for  manufacturing  iron  and  steel  from  the  ore 
into  a  large  variety  of  finished  structures  of  the  most  modern 
and  improved  types. 

The  works  of  the  Phoenix  Iron  Company  are  located  at 
Phcenixville,  Pennsjdvania,  and  are  most  conveniently  situ- 
ated with  respect  to  the  ore  beds  and  coal  fields  of  the  eastern 
part  of  the  State. 


They  are  within  quick  reach  of  the  markets  of  the  country 
by  the  Philadelphia  &  Reading  and  the  Pennsylvania  Rail- 
roads. 

Among  the  additional  products  manufactured,  are  I- 
beams,  deck-beams,  channels,  angles,  zee-bars,  bulbs  and 
other  shapes,  and  round,  flat  and  square  bars  of  all  sizes, 
especially  adapted  for  bridge  and  ship  builders,  and  fire-proof 
buildings.  Phoenix  columns  and  upset  eye-bars,  of  all 
sizes,  roof  trusses,  girders,  joists  and  built  up  shapes  of  every 
description,  are  made  to  order  upon  their  own  or  the  designs 
of  architects  and  engineers. 

The  officers  are,  David  Reeves,  President  ;  Geo.  Gerry 
White,  Secretary  ;  James  O.  Pease,  Treasurer  ;  and  Wm.  H. 
Reeves,  General  Superintendent. 

The  main  office  of  the  Company  is  located  at  No.  410 
Walnut  street,  Philadelphia,  and  there  are  agencies  in  New 
York,  Boston  and  Chicago. 


THE  PHOENIX  BRIDGE  COMPANY 

Recently  known  as  The  Phoenixville  Bridge  Works, 
and  formerly  conducted  by  Clark,  Reeves  &  Co.,  have 
perfected  arrangements  with  the  Phoenix  Iron  Company, 
which  gives  them  new  facilities  for  concentrating  the 
productive  plants  of  that  Company  upon  the  construction 
of  bridges,  roofs,  viaducts,  etc.  The  present  capacity  of  the 
Company  thus  reaches  an  annual  amount  of  thirty  thousand 
to  thirty-five  thousand  tons  of  finished  material.  They  have 
facilities  for  increase  if  required.  No  material  is  admitted  in 
the  construction  of  the  Company  except  that  of  the  very  best 
quality  and  which  by  its  nature  is  best  adapted  to  the  resist- 
ing of  the  stress  acting  upon  it.  There  is  a  careful  study  in 
each  case  of  all  the  circumstances  applying  thereto  and  all 
parts  to  the  smallest  detail,  are  designed  to  enable  them  to 
exert  the  resisting  capacity  of  the  metal  in  the  simplest  and 
most  advantageous  manner.  The  quality  of  the  material  of 
the  Phoenix  Bridge  Company  is  completely  under  its  own 
control,  as  essentially  it  is  all  produced  by  the  Phoenix  Iron 
Company  ;  thus  every  part  of  the  process  of  production  is  so 
adjusted  to  the  others,  that  any  quality  of  material  best 
adapted  to  any  particular  construction  may  be  secured  with 
certainty. 

On  the  first  of  May,  1S91,  there  were  on  hand  orders 
amounting  in  weight  to  16,000  tons.  Among  these,  were  the 
bridge  spanning  the  Ohio  River  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  and 
one  crossing  the  Missouri  River  at  Sioux  City,  Iowa.  Each 
of  these  bridges  will  have  a  great  length  of  span,  from  550  to 
553  feet.  They  have  also  under  construction  a  viaduct  over 
2000  feet  in  length  which  will  be  350  feet  in  height. 

Among  other  important  constructions  of  this  firm  are 
the  Manhattan  and  Suburban  Elevated  Railways  of  New 
York  City,  The  King's  County  Elevated  and  The  Fulton 
Elevated  Railways  of  Brooklyn,  New  York,  the  Merchant's 
Terminal  of  St.  Louis,  the  Short  Line  Elevated  at  Louisville, 
Kinzua  Viaduct,  Bridge  over  the  Mississippi  River  at  Keiths- 
burg,  111.,  Rondout  Bridge  on  West  Shore  Railroad  and  the 
Cincinnati  and  Ohio   Bridge  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

The  latter  bridge  has  the  longest  and  heaviest  pin  span 
known — 550  feet,  being  for  double  track  railway  and  double 
line  of  roadway,  and  street  car  as  well  as  sidewalks.  Also 
the  bridge  over  the  Colorado  River  at  Needles,  West  Cali- 
fornia, which  is  the  longest  cantilever  span  in  the  United 
States. 

The  officers  are,  David  Reeves,  President  ;  Adolphus 
Bonzano,  Vice-President  and  Chief  Engineer  ;  W.  H.  Reeves, 
General  Superintendent  ;  and  Frank  T.  Davis,  Treasurer. 

The  offices  are  located  at  No.  410  Walnut  street,  Phila- 
delphia, No.  49  William  street,  New  York,  and  there  are 
agencies  in  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  London,  England,  and  Syd- 
ney, Australia. 


■  -$1 


J-  fcs^Hff    V  • 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


PENNSYLVANIA   IRON   WORKS   COMPANY 

The  Pennsylvania  Iron  Works  Company  is  one  of  the  latest 
additions  to  Philadelphia's  rapidly  and  constantly  increasing  list  of 
industries,  having  been  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1SS6,  and  although  young  in  years,  they  have  attained  a 
prominence  which  places  them  among  the  leading  manufacturing 
establishments  of  the  city  and  of  the  State. 

Besides  being  builders  of  cable  railroads,  gas  works  machinery, 
the  latest  improved  Greene  engine,  Rankin  refrigerating  and  ice 
machinery,  foundry,  pattern  and  machine  work  of  all  kinds  and 
descriptions,  they  arc  also  successful  coutracting  engineers. 

The  company  have  offices  at  Nos.  9  and  1 1  Wall  street,  New 
York.  The  general  offices  and  works  are  located  at  Fiftieth 
street  and  Merion  avenue,  and  form  an  immense  and  com- 
plete plant,  which  grouped  together  form  a  building  containing 
324,000  square  feet,  three  stories  high,  divided  into  five  depart- 
ments, the  dimensions  of  which  are  as  follows:  machine  shop, 
No.  1,  75x150  feet ;  machine  shop,  No.  2,  75x125  feet ;  erectingshop, 
75x200  feet;  foundry,  100x200  feet;  ice  machine  department, 
S0XI25  feet.  Machine  shop,  No.  I,  on  the  first  floor,  is  equipped 
with  lathes,  planers,  boring  mills  and  drill  presses  for  heavy 
work,  and  a  twenty-ton  capacity  Sellers'  travelling  crane ;  on 
the  second  floor  there  are  twenty-five  lathes,  drill  presses  and 
machinery  for  turning  out  lighter  work,  while  the  third  floor  is 
divided  into  draughting  room  and  pattern  shop.  Machine  shop, 
No.  2,  is  fitted  up  with  boring  mills,  lathes,  etc.,  for  finishing 
wheels  or  other  machinery  for  the  cable  system.  It  also  contains  a 
large  travelling  crane  of  Sellers  manufacture,  which  has  a  lifting 
capacity  of  thirty  tons,  with  three  simultaneous  movements,  and 
travels  at  a  speed  of  200  feet  per  minute. 

The  erecting  shop  also  has  a  fine  equipment,  consisting  of  bor- 
ing mills,  pits,  etc.,  for  turning  out  still  heavier  wheels  of  largest 
diameter,  and  has  floor  space  tor  the  completion  and  erection  of 
machinery  from  the  different  shops  in  order  to  test  and  determine 
the  perfection  of  the  same.  Its  equipment  also  includes  another 
monster  travelling  crane  (Morgan's  make),  which  travels  the  entire 
length  of  the  shop  at  the  rate  of  200  feet  per  minute.  The  foundry 
contains  20,000  square  feet  of  floor  space,  and  has  two  of  the  largest 
diameter  "  Colliau  "  cupolas  with  a  melting  capacity  of  sixtv  tons 
per  day.  It  is  unquestionably  one  of  the  most  complete  foundries 
in  the  city,  and  it  contains  every  known  appliance  by  which  work 
can  be  greatly  accelerated,  easily  and  readily  handled,  including 
cranes  similar  to  that  in  Machine  shop.  No.  i,  by  which  castings 
are  carried  directly  to  the  various  shops. 

The  most  important  branch  of  the  company's  business  is  their 
cable  railroad  work,  in  which  they  have  already  won  a  national 
reputation  with  the  indications  that  they  will  soon  distance  all 
competitors. 

They  contract  for  erecting  complete  cable  railroads,  making  all 
necessary  surveys  of  the  streets,  furnishing  all  the  designs  and  plans 
and  manufacturing  all  the  street  work  material,  wheels,  gearing, 
boilers,  engines,  winding,  drivingand  rope  drive  machinery  required, 
in  fact,  turning  over  when  finished  a  complete  cable  railroad, 
erected  and  ready  for  traffic.  They  also  re-design  and  construct 
the  machinery  necessary  to  increase  the  power  and  improve  a  plant 
already  erected  and  found  inadequate  for  the  purposes  intended. 
Among  the  plants  constructed  by  this  company  arc  two  power  sta- 
tions for  the  Philadelphia  Traction  Company,  those  erected  for  the 
West  Chicago  Railroad  Company,  corner  West  Madison  and  Roch- 
well  streets,  Chicago,  and  two  power  stations  for  the  Baltimore  Trac- 
tion Company,  Baltimore,  Md.,  and  are  now  building  a  second  sta- 
tion for  the  West  Chicago  Street  Railway  Co.,  at  corner  of  Washing- 
ton and  Desplaines  sts.  They  are  now  shipping  to  New  York  for  the 
Broadway  and  Seventh  Avenue  Railroad  Company  all  the  material 
for  the  new  cable  road  which  is  in  process  of  construction  on  Broad- 
way, in  that  city,  and  have  recently  been  awarded  the  contract 
from  the  Third  Avenue  Railroad  Company,  of  New  York,  for  two 
power  stations,  one  at  Sixty-fifth  street  and  Third  avenue,  and  the 
other  at  Bayard  street  and  the  Bowerv. 

It  will  require  eight  months  to  build  the  road,  and  the  com- 
pany is  now   turning  out  the  machinery  as   rapidly    as    possible. 


There  was  a  spirited  contest  in  the  endeavor  to  receive  this  mon- 
ster contract,  and  firms  from  all  over  the  United  States  had  bid  for 
it.  A  special  committee  was  appointed  by  the  railroad  company 
to  investigate  the  claims  put  forward  by  the  contestants,  and  they 
spent  three  months  in  careful  inquiry  and  examination,  finally  de- 
ciding it  in  favor  of  the  Pennsylvania  Iron  Works  Companv,  whom 
they  found  hetter  equipped  for  the  work  than  any  of  their' compet- 
itors. It  is  by  far  the  largest  contract  for  cable  power  stations  ever 
awarded  to  any  company  in  the  world,  and  its  magnitude  can  be 
easily  understood  when  we  state  that  the  two  stations  will  contain 
forty-eight  150  horse-power  boilers,  and  the  engines  will  develop 
9,000  horse  power.  There  will  be  seven  rope  driving  wheels,  32 
feet  in  diameter  and  7  feet  face,  and  other  machinery  in  like  pro- 
portions. 

The  ice  machine  department  has  a  full  complement  of  the  best 
adapted  machinery  for  the  purpose  intended,  and  here  are  built  the 
justly  celebrated  Rankin  Patent  Absorption  Ice  Machines,  their 
capacity  ranging  from  5  to  100  tons  per  day.  These  machines,  in 
theirgeneral  construction,  are  different  from  all  other  devices  for  ice 
making  or  refrigeration,  all  parts  being  simple  in  construction, 
interchangeable  and  easy  of  access,  and  all  objectionable  features 
removed  by  late  improvements.  They  have  no  superior  in  durability 
and  are  unexcelled  in  continuous  and  reliable  working.  Thev  are 
guaranteed  not  to  be  exceeded  in  the  number  of  consecutive  hours 
of  successful  operation  during  a  season  and  to  produce  as  clear, 
pure  ice  or  as  low  a  temperature  as  the  best  power  machines  of  same 
capacity,  at  lower  cost,  because  no  engine  or  motive  power  is  used 
except  a  small  feed  pump,  which  is  required  to  return  the  strong 
ammonia  water  to  the  still,  performing  the  same  duty  as  the  feed 
pump  to  a  boiler.  The  machines  are  now  being  used  largel  v  for  the 
manufacture  of  ice,  and  refrigeration  for  family  use  and  all  other 
purposes,  and  have  proved  highly  successful  in  refrigerating  brewer- 
ies, cold  storage  houses,  oil  and  chemical  factories.  The  companv 
have  built  forty-five  of  these  machines  in  the  last  eighteen  months, 
and  are  building  up  a  wonderfully  prosperous  trade  in  this  line  of 
their  product,  not  only  in  this  city,  but  throughout  the  United  States, 
while  several  of  the  machines  have  been  exported  to  Cuba  and  other 
South  American  countries,  where  the  refrigeration  is  used  in  hospit- 
als for  reducing  the  temperature  in  wards  in  which  yellow  fever 
cases  are  confined.  Among  the  local  firms  which  have  been  sup- 
plied with  these  machines  are:  J.  H.  Micheuer  &  Co..  ham  curers  ; 
Edsou  Brothers,  produce  commission  merchants  ;  Gladstone  Apart- 
ment Company,  Ricger  &  Gretz  Brewing  Company,  Joseph  Reiger, 
brewer,  and  manv  others. 

We  have  dwelt  largely  upon  these  branches  of  the  busi- 
ness, cable  railroad  machinery  and  ice  machines  ;  because  thev 
rank  among  our  most  modern  inventions,  but  the  companv  does 
not  confine  itself  to  this  work  alone,  as  they  have  other  specialties 
in  addition,  one  of  which  is  the  furnishing  complete  of  gas  works, 
and  in  this  they  have  been  as  successful  as  in  the  branches  noted 
above,  as  can  be  testified  to  by  the  general  excellence  and  high 
standard  of  tnc  gas  works  they  recently  built  in  the  Twenty-fifth 
Ward  of  this  city,  the  capacity  of  its  production  being  over  10.000,- 
000  feet  per  day,  which  is  said  to  be  the  largest  water  gas  works 
constructed  by  any  company  in  the  United  States.  As  to  the  steam 
engines  manufactured  by  this  company,  sufficient  will  have  been 
said  of  them  when  the  claims,  so  often  proven  reliable,  of  the  com- 
pany are  repeated.  They  are  built  for  service,  are  especially 
adapted  for  severe  service,  are  fully  tested  under  steam  before  leaving 
works,  are  fully  guaranteed,  none  but  the  best  materials  are  used, 
the  workmanship  is  superior;  economy  the  company's  stronghold, 
superiority'  their  primary  consideration  ;  cheapness  secondary  and 
prices  low  when  the  quality  is  considered.  These  claims  apply 
with  equal  truth  and  force  to  all  the  products  of  the  company,  and 
by  living  up  to  their  representations  to  the  most  minute  detail,  is 
one  reason  the  firm  has  attained  its  wonderful  success.  They  em- 
plov  from  300  to  350  skilled  mechanics,  beside  keeping  continu- 
ously- emploved  directly  under  their  control  foundries  and  machine 
shops  engaging  the  services  of  at  least  1500  men. 

The  officers  of  the  company  are:  William  L,  Elkins,  Jr., 
president;  C.  F.  Kohl,  vice-president;  Howland  Coit,  secretary 
and  treasurer;  B.  W.  Grist,  general  manager  and  engineer;  E.  A. 
Moore,  assistant  engineer. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PIIIIADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THE   RUE  MANUFACTURING   COMPANY 

Every  steam-boiler  must  have  means  to  supply  it  with  water. 
Locomotives  have  "  injectors  "  for  the  same  purpose. 

The  special  "  injectors  "  made  by  this  Company  are  as  follows, 
viz:  The  "Little  Giant,"  lifting  Locomotive  "Injector,"  Fixed 
Nozzle,"  non-lifting  Locomotive  "  Injector,"  "  Little  Giant,  1889," 
lifting  Locomotive  "Injector,"  combining  all  the  latest  improve- 
ments. "Little  Giant  Injector,"  non-lifting  and  lifting,  for 
stationary,  marine  and  portable  boilers.  The  "  Unique  "  single 
tube  "  Injector  "  "  Boiler  Washing  and  Testing  Apparatus."  This 
apparatus  has  a  capacity  of  4,000  gallons  per  hour,  which  enables 
one  to  blow  out,  wash  and  fill  with  hot  water,  and  have  engine 
ready  for  service  in  one  hour. 

The  Rue  Manufacturing  Company  was  incorporated  in  1872. 
The  officers  of  the  company  are  Henry  Cramer,  President ;  Ell  wood 
Bonsall,  Treasurer  ;  Henry  F.  Colvin,  Secretary  and  General 
Manager.  The  works  are  at  No.  215  Race  street,  spacious  and  ad- 
mirably supplied  with  every  improved  mechanical  contrivance  for 
rapid  and  economical  methods  of  manufacture.  The  company's 
salesroom  and  office  are  at  No.  116  North  Ninth  street.  No  firm 
in  the  country  has  been  more  painstaking  in  perfecting  and  in 
maintaining  the  highest  standard  for  their  products,  it  has  been 
their  constant  aim  to  improve  and  to  perfect  their  inventions,  and 
engineers  realize  the  fact  that  for  safety  and  economy,  the  "Rue 
Manufacturing  Company's   Injectors"  lead  all  the  rest. 

<  >ther  articles  are  made  by  the  company,  all  of  the  highest 
practical  worth  and  utility,  viz  :  "  Ejectors  "  and  other  jet  apparatus, 
steam  valves  and  boiler  checks.  From  Mr.  Samuel  Rue,  the  former 
Superintendent,  the  company  derives  its  name,  and  from  his  well 
attested  inventive  genius,  the  Little  Giant  Injectors  made  bv  this 
company  became  possible. 

Mr.  Henry  Cramer,  the  President  of  the  companv,  is  a  German 
by  birth,  a  resident  here  about  forty  years.  Mr.  Ellwood  Bonsall, 
the  Treasurer,  is  a  native  of  this  city,  he  formerly  identified  with 
real  estate  business.  Mr.  H.  F.  Colvin,  the  manager  and  mechani- 
cal superintendent  of  the  business,  was  born  in  Plainfield,  Conn. 

About  the  year  187.S,  he  came  to  this  city  in  the  interest  of  the 
Rue  Manufacturing  Company,  with  which  he  continued  till  tSS3, 
when  he  was  tendered  and  accepted  the  responsible  position  he  has 
since  so  satisfactorily  filled. 

Among  the  many  inventions  Mr.  Colvin  has  made  are  the 
"Fixed  Nozzle "  non-lifting  injector,  the  "Unique"  single  tube 
injector,   and   the  "Paradox"   automatic   self-regulating   injector. 

The  officers  of  the  company  are  all  enterprising  and  progress- 
ive business  men,  seeking  not  only  their  own  interests,  but  always 
mindful  of  those  which  tend  to  the  advantage  of  Philadelphia. 

THE  HORN,  BRANNEN,  &   FORSYTH  MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY  (Incorporated) 

The  largest  manufactory  of  Gas  fixtures.  Electroliers  and  Art 
Brass  work  in  Philadelphia,  was  originally  established  bv  Herman 
Horn  the  present  Superintendent.  Mr.  Horn  was  born  in  Ger- 
many and  came  to  this  country  with  his  mother  when  he  was 
only  two  years  of  age. 

He  resided  in  New  York  city  for  some  time  and  was  first  em- 
ployed there  by  Messrs.  Archer  &  Paucoast,  where  he  acquired  a 
thorough  knowledge  of  all  appertaining  to  the  Gas  Fixture  busi- 
ness. He  then  served  in  the  war  in  the  northern  arruv  for  three 
years,  passing  through  many  battles  and  engagements  ;  he  came  to 
Philadelphia  and  engaged  with  the  firm  of  Miskev,  Merrill  & 
Thackara  at  Fourth  and  Race  streets,  and  in  1S79  commenced 
business  himself  with  a  Mr.  Pfeffer  on  Sansom  street  above  Eighth. 
In  1881  he  joined  James  Branucu  and  Henry  Donahue,  making  the 
firm  of  Horn,  Pfeffer  &  Brannen,  at  the  corner  of  old  Y'ork  road 
and  Fifth  street,  and  in  1SS3  they  were  incorporated  and  moved  to 
1 2 18  South  Eighth  street,  when  Mr.  Pfeffer  left  the  business  and 
the  name  of  the  firm  was  altered  to  the  Horn  &  Brannen  Manufac- 
turing Company. 

In  January,  18S5,  Mr.  Charles  S.  Forsyth  joined  the  Company 
which  then  became  the  Horn,  Brannen  &  Forsvth  Manufacturing 
Company.  In  April,  1887,  they  purchased  the  property  on  North 
Broad  street,  and  after  altering  and  reconstructing  same,  removed 
their  business  there  in  August  of  the  same  vear. 

Mr.  Brannen  is  a  Philadelphia!!  by  birth  and  served  his  time  as 
a  machinist  at  iStll  below  Market.  He  enlisted  in  the  140th  Penn- 
sylvania Regiment,  three  months  men,  and  served  in  the  navy  as 
assistant  engineer;  after  which  he  was  employed  bv  the  firm  of 
Miskcy,  Merrill  &  Thackara,  leaving  them  to  become  a  member  of 
the  present  firm  of  which  he  is  treasurer. 


Mr.  Charles  S.  Forsyth  is  also  a  Philadelphian  and  served  his 
time  as  machinist  with  William  Sellers  &  Co.,  afterwards  he  became 
connected  with  Messrs.  Baker,  Arnold  &  Co..  then  Cornelius  & 
Co.,  which  house  he  left  to  join  the  present  Company  of  which  he 
is  now  secretary. 

-Mr.  Henry  Donahue  was  born  in  Ireland,  and  came  to  this 
country  as  a  boy.  He  was  engaged  for  many  years  in  the  liquor 
business  at  40th  and  Market  streets,  and  was'special  partner  of  the 
firm  of  Horn,  Pfeffer  &  Brannen,  becoming  President  of  the  Com- 
pany immediately  on  their  incorporation. 

The  business  premises  are  composed  of  a  large  building  having 
a  frontage  of  go  feet  on  Broad  street  and  140  on  Noble  street  and 
consists  of  four  floors.  On  the  first  floor  are  the  offices  and  show 
rooms.  On  the  second  floor  is  the  designing  department,  modeling, 
store  room  and  polishing  room.  On  the  third  floor  the  stock  room, 
the  finishing  room,  and  in  this  room  all  goods  are  thoroughly  over- 
hauled and  examined  before  shipment.  On  the  fourth  floor  all  the 
fixtures  are  manufactured  and  the  shells  are  spun  and  everything 
appertaining  to  the  production  of  the  articles  in  their  various 
details  are  carried  out. 

In  the  rear,  on  the  ground  floor  is  the  engine  and  boiler  room. 
The  engine  is  60  horse-power  and  the  two  boilers  are  50  horse-power 
each.  In  the  large  open  yard  here,  the  foundry  is  located,  where 
all  the  brass  castings  are  made.  Here  also  is  the  iron  shop  where 
all  the  gas  and  electric  fixtures  in  wrought  iron  are  made.  The 
shipping  department  is  situated  at  the  rear  of  the  third  floor  ami  is 
connected  with  the  yard  by  an  elevator,  which  enables  them  to  load 
all  their  goods  in  the  yard,  thus  doing  away  with  any  blocking  up 
of  the  road  or  side-walk  in  front  of  the  business  premises.  The 
firm  manufactures  all  kinds  of  gas  fixtures,  chandeliers,  electro- 
liers, candelabras,  bronze  figures,  and  art  brass  work  of  every 
description.  They  arc  wholesale  and  retail  dealers  and  employ 
about  200  hands.  They  export  considerable  to  all  parts  of  South 
America,  Brazil  and   Mexico. 

They  have  fitted  up  many  of  the  largest  houses  in  Philadelphia 
and  lately  completed  their  contract  for  all  the  combination  fixtures 
in  the  apartment  house  situated  at  nth  and  Pine  streets.  They 
have  also  just  finished  for  the  United  States,  the  Court  House  and 
Post-office  at  Rochester,  New  York  ;  Carson  City,  Nevada  ;  San 
Antonio.  Texas,  and  also  many  of  the  largest  hotels  in  the  country. 

The  works  are  considerably  the  largest  of  their  kind  in  Phila- 
delphia, and  are  well  worth  a  visit. 


A.  J.  MEDLAR  COMPANY 

The  city  of  Philadelphia  has  been  able  to  supply  home  demands 
in  almost  every  line  of  trade,  especially  is  this  the  case  in  the  man- 
ufacture of  all  kinds  of  cakes,  biscuits,  and  everything  of  that 
nature.  The  firm  of  A.  J.  Medlar  Company  occupy  a  prominent 
position  among  the  bakers  of  the  city.  The  business  had  its  incep- 
tion in  1879,  the  capital  at  first  being  only  $i,=;,ooo  ;  since  that  time 
it  has  been  gradually  increased,  until  at  present  the  capital  and 
accrued  profits  amount  to  nearly  565,000.  With  what  success  the 
business  has  been  attended  can  be  judged  from  the  preceding  fig- 
ures. The  premises  occupied  as  a  factory  are  situated  on  Fair- 
mount  avenue  below  Fifteenth  street.  The  building  has  a  frontage 
of  about  100  feet,  and  extends  back  80  feet.  It  is  built  of  brick, 
three  stories  in  height  and  arranged  in  the  most  approved  manner, 
every  precaution  being  taken  to  guard  against  fire  from  auv  source. 
The  third  floor  is  used  as  the  packing  room,  here  all  the  freshly 
baked  product  is  put  into  cans  in  the  most  careful  manner,  so  that 
there  will  be  none  broken.  On  second  floor  are  situated  the  three 
large  reel  ovens,  these  are  the  latest  appliances  for  baking  crackers, 
and  consist  of  an  immense  wheel  slowly  revolving  within  an  oven, 
thus  giving  every  pan  an  equal  amount  of  heat.  The  mixing  and 
cutting  machines  are  also  on  this  floor.  Some  of  these  are  of  the 
most  intricate  workmanship,  and  with  the  limited  space  at  our  dis- 
posal it  would  be  impossible  to  give  an  adequate  description  of 
them.  The  product  consists  of  the  finest  class  of  sweet  cakes  and 
crackers,  besides  all  kinds  of  biscuits  and  hard  crackers.  Some 
idea  of  the  variety  made  may  be  taken  from  the  fact  that  at  present 
thev  are  making  160  different  kinds,  from  hard  tack  to  the  choicest 
pound  cake.  The  trade  of  the  house  is  almost  entirely  local.  The  suc- 
cess of  the  venture  has  been  entirely  due  to  the  careful  and  conser- 
vative management  adopted  by  the  directors.  Mr.  Medlar  is  really 
the  practical  man  of  the  firm.  He  was  formerly  associated  with 
Mr.  Godfrey  Keebler  for  many  years. 

Francis  H.  Savior,  president  ;  William  C.  Kleinert,  secretary 
and  treasurer  ;  John  Seitz  and  A.  J.  Medlar,  comprise  the  Hoard  of 
Directors  and  managers,  and  all  the  success  of  the  past  and  the  out- 
look for  the  f'ul urc  rest  upon  their  shoulders. 


PHILADELPHIA  AXD  POPULAR  PIIILADELPIIIAXS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


PHILADELPHIA  SHAFTING  WORKS 

The  Philadelphia  Shafting  Works  of  Mr.  Geo.  V.  Cresson  is 
undoubtedly  one  of  the  best  known  and  probably  the  most  exten- 
sive ami  complete  establishment  fur  the  manufacture  of  machinery 
anil  appliances  for  the  transmission  of  power  in  the  United  States. 
This  great  enterprise  was  inaugurated  by  the  present  proprietor  in 
1S59,  and  from  a  small  beginning  has  attained  almost  gigantic  pro- 
portions with  connections  and  trade  in  everv  important  manu- 
facturing town  or  city  in  the  United  States  and  even  beyond  the 
limits  of  the  American  continent.  From  its  inception  the  trade  of 
Mr.  Cresson  increased  so  rapidly  as  to  necessitate  frequent  exten- 
sions and  removals,  until  in  1S88,  when  he  erected  his  costly  and 
extensive  plant  at  Eighteenth  street  and  Allegheny  avenue.  The 
buildings  cover  at  this  point  two  and  one  half  acres  of  ground,  and 
are  equipped  with  every  requisite  in  the  way  of  labor  saving 
machinery  of  the  most  improved  patterns  and  appliances  of  latest 
designs  for  his  vast  business  operations.  The  location  on  the  line 
of  the  railroad  is  a  most  desirable  one  for  Mr.  Cresson's  purposes, 
and  sidings  from  the  main  line  extend  to  all  parts  of  the  building, 


hangers  and  pulleys  of  every  si/.e  and  description,  parting  or  split 
pulleys,  clamp  hub,  mule  and  girdle  pulleys,  patent  adjustable  loose 
pulley  arrangements,  parting  hangers,  etc..  of  which  a  large  and 
varied  supply  arc  kept  in  stock.  The  shafting  manufactured  here, 
after  being  polished  is  coupled  together  as  ordered,  and  tested,  so 
that  no  imperfections  may  be  found  when  erected.  Spur,  bevel 
and  mitre  gearing  cast  or  cut  to  order  and  angle  plates  and  bearings 
of  all  sizes  are  made  to  run  in  pairs  or  sets  of  three  or  four  wheels 
as  may  be  desired.  Among  the  patented  specialties  made  at  these 
works,  some  of  the  most  important  are  the  patent  internal  clamp 
coupling  for  shafting,  conceded  by  all  who  have  used  it  to  be  the 
simplest,  lighter  and  with  a  more  powerful  hold  on  the  shaft  than  any 
other  in  use  ;  patent  ball  and  socket  adjustable  hangers,  new  self-oii- 
illg  hangers,  positive  and  reliable  in  their  action,  guaranteed  to  oil 
the  bearing  its  entire  length  ;  patent  improved  double  braced  part- 
ing post  hangers,  patent  mule  pulley  and  patent  adjustable  guide 
puiley  stands ;  patent  adjustable  loose  pulley  arrangement,  and 
many  others  of  greater  or  less  importance.  The  system  of  upright 
shafting  to  earn.-  power  into  high  buildings  now  so  often  coming 
into  use  was  first  introduced  by  Mr.   Cresson   in  1S70,  and  this  svs- 


affording  every  facility  for  receipt  of  coal,  coke,  metal,  etc..  and  for 
shipment  of  the  finished  product  of  the  works.  The  buildings  are 
so  constructed  with  reference  to  the  railroad  sidings,  that  the 
ponderous  machinery,  shafting,  etc.,  can  be  loaded  upon  the  cars 
at  the  works  simply  by  the  force  of  gravity. 

The  main  building  devoted  to  machinery  is  50  x  500  feet  iu 
dimensions,  all  in  one  floor  and  so  arranged  that  an  unobstructed 
view  can  be  had  over  the  whole  machine  department.  The  found- 
eries,  engine  and  pattern  rooms,  are  conveniently  located  and  the 
equipment  of  the  works  throughout  make  this  plant  a  model  of 
completeness.  The  office  buildings  are  handsome  and  imposing. 
The  main  pulley  in  the  machine  shop  is  a  marvel  of  ingenuity.  It 
is  so  arranged  as  to  drive  three  shafts  from  it.  one  for  the  machine 
shop,  one  for  the  foundry  and  one  for  the  electric  light  plant. 

The  output  ot  the  concern  is  enormous,  and  a  force  of  250  men 
are  required  in  the  several  departments  of  the  works.  Among  the 
numerous  appliances  manufactured  here,  there  arc  many  special- 
ties, some  of  which  are  in  use  in  almost  everv  manufactory  in  the 
country,  and  in  many  foreign  manufacturing  centres.  The  output 
comprises  shafting  and  its  appurtenances  of  every  description, 
including  every  requisite  for  the  transmission  of  power,  and  many 
novelties  of  recent  invention  of  utmost  importance  to  manufacturers. 
The   list  of  these  appliances  amongst  numerous  others  comprises 


teni  has  been  perfected  from  time  to  time,  until  now  it  can  be  said 
to  be  one  of  the  most  useful  modes  of  driving  machinery.  It  has 
been  extensively  introduced  into  many  of  the  finest  buildings  in 
Philadelphia,  New  York  and  other  cities  and  gives  perfect  satisfac- 
tion wherever  erected.  The  idea  was  first  suggested  by  Dr.  Jayuc 
and  was  first  erected  in  the  building  of  that  gentleman,  after  the 
disaster  fell  which  ruined  his  great  establishment.  The  usefulness 
of  this  mode  of  driving  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  insurance  com- 
panies are  now  recognizing  its  use  in  preventing  the  spread  of  fires 
and  will  make  concessions  in  rates  where  buildings  are  shafted  in 
this  manner.  Each  room  by  this  method  of  shafting  is  entirely 
independent  of  the  other  rooms,  when  in  the  old  way  every  belt 
hole  was  a  means  of  spreading  fires.  It  is  a  perfect  piece  of  mech- 
anism and  well  worthy  of  attention. 

From  the  beginning  Mr.  Cresson  has  maintained  the  highest 
standard  of  work.  He  has  never  competed  with  any  cheap  work 
and  such  is  his  reputation  throughout  the  country,  that  he  has 
long  since  distanced  competition  in  many  lines  of  manufacture, 
and  has  won  golden  opinions  from  all  with  whom  he  has  established 
business  relations  at  home  and  abroad  in  England,  Scotland.  Ger- 
many, and  in  fact  continental  Europe  generally.  He  is  recognized 
as  a  leader  in  his  line  and  one  of  the  large  factors  in  giving  Phila- 
delphia its  supremacy  as  a  manufacturing  centre. 


PHILADELPHIA  AXD  POPULAR  PHILADELPIIIAHS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THE  DELAWARE  RIVER  CHEMICAL  WORKS 

This  Company  represents  several  important  branches  of  manu- 
facture, two  of  which  at  least  have  very  direct  bearing  upon  the 
industrial  prosperity  of  the  country  :  The  production  of  animal 
charcoal  for  refining  sugar  from,  a  once  neglected  article — mimal 
bones;  and  the  scientific  preparation  of  concentrated  fertilizers  for 
the  country's  varied  agriculture.  These  may  be  singled  out  from  the 
multiform  productions  of  the  above  named  chemical  works  as  being 
thus  representative.  From  year  to  year  since  the  founding  of  this 
enterprise,  their  importance  has  been  more  and  more  manifest. 

Early  in  [855  the  manufacture  of  fertilizers  was  begun  in  con- 
nection with  their  other  business  in  Chester  county,  Pennsylvania, 
by  the  elders  of  the  present  Company.  They  had  made  a  close 
study  of  the  subject  and  were  convinced  that  a  fertilizer  made  from 
raw  bones  would  be  in  many  ways  superior  and  that  its  manufacture 
would  be  a  success.  Such  it  has  proved.  The  early  firm  was  the 
pioneer  in  the  manufacture  of  fertilizers  from  the  raw  bones  and 
now  conducts  the  largest  manufactory  in  that  line  in  the  country. 

The  bones  come  from  South  America,  the  .Mediterranean  and 
India  ports  and  all  parts  of  the  United  States.  The  native  phos- 
phates used  are  from  the  Southern  States.  The  combination  of 
these  materials  affords  all  the  necessary  ingredients  for  plant  food. 

The  long  experience  of  the  firm,  its  reputation  all  over  the 
United  States  and  the  great  extent  of  the  business,  increasing  from 


1  specially  constructed  brick  building,  containing  ever'.-  modern 
appliance  for  testing,  by  analytical  and  other  scientific  research,  not 
only  crude  material  but  also  the  guaranteed  standards  upon  which 
the  products  of  the  works  are  sold. 

The  officers  of  the  Company  are  :  Daniel  Baugh,  president  ; 
Edwin  P.  Baugh, Jr.,  vice-president;  Chauncey  R.  Baugh,  second 
vice-president  and  secretary  ;  John  Barnard,  treasurer.  The  mam 
office  is  at  No.  20  South  Delaware  avenue,  Philadelphia.  Branch 
houses,  Baltimore,  lid.;  Norfolk,  Va.;  and  Galveston,  Texas. 

The  Company's  export  trade  extends  to  England,  France,  Ger- 
many and  other  foreign  countries. 


WASHINGTON  BUTCHER'S  SONS 

Washington  Butcher's  Sons,  established  1  -do,  pork  packers, 
wholesale  provision  dealers,  lard  refiners,  dealers  in  cotton  seed  oil, 
and  sole  agents  for  pure  sugar  loaf  syrup. 

This  eminent  house  was  established  while  vet  the  American 
Colonies  owed  allegiance  to  the  British  Crown ;  sixteen 
before  the  Revolutionary  War.  It  is  by  far  the  oldest  house  of  its 
kind  in  the  L'nited  States,  having  been  founded  bv  the  great-great- 
grandfather of  the  present  Messrs.  Butcher.  Mr.  John  Butcher,  who 
was  succeeded  by  Mr.  Job  Butcher  who  built  up  the  leading  pro- 


m}  .cfc: 


— ■5i.'    ■■* 
,ER   Chemic-l  Wcrks 


vear  to  year,  bear  witness  to  the  value  of  these  chemicals  and  fer- 
tilizcrs,  and  to  the  importance  of  the  house  to  the  commercial  inter- 
ests of  Philadelphia.  The  new  business  was  first  conducted  at  the 
tannery  in  Chester  county  in  1S55  as  stated,  by  John  P.  Baugh  and 
his  sons  Edwin  P.  and  Daniel.  About  the  year  rS6d  they  removed 
to  the  present  location  at  the  foot  oi  Morris  to  Moore  streets. 

The  "Baugh  .S:  Sous  Company''  was  subsequently  incorporated 
and  owns  and  manages  the  Delaware  River  Chemical  Works  at  the 
above  location.  The  Works  arc  a  marvel  of  completeness  in  '.'.eir 
adaptability  to  the  interests  represented  in  the  several  departments. 
All  the  processes  of  manufacturing  in  this  establishment  areas  com- 
plete as  long  experience  and  chemical  skill  combined  with  the  most 
complete  apparatus  for  the  purpose,  can  suggest.  The  original 
scope  of  the  business  has  been  largely  extended.  Among  the  prod- 
ucts of  the  Company  arc  animal  charcoal  for  sugar  refining,  sal 
ammoniac,  carbonate  of  ammonia,  sulphate  of  ammonia  and  other 
salts,  bone  fertilizers,  acid  phosphate,  tflue.  oils,  etc.  The  produc- 
tion of  special  brands  of  ammoniated  fertilizers  and  private  formulae 
for  a  vast  and  increasing  demand  throughout  the  country  calls  for 
the  ample  facilities  which  here  exist.  The  area  covered  by  build- 
ings— which  arc  mainly  of  brick  and  iron— ami  the  surrounding 
shedding,  wharves  and  railroad  sidings,  is  over  twenty  acres.  The 
property  has  a  river  frontage  of  live  hundred  feet.  Steamships 
drawing  thirty  feet  of  water  can  lay  at  the  wharves;  while  everv 
desired  facility  for  interior  shipments  is  found  by  railroad  sidings 
(of  which  there  are  over  three  miles  upon  the  pnpcrtv)  extending 
into  every  department  of  the  works  and  connecting  with  the  B.  & 
0.,  P.  R.R.,  and  P.  &  R.  R.  R.  Prompt  shipment  to  all  points  is 
therefore  assured.  The  wharves  and  sidings  of  the  Delaware  River 
Chemical  Works  are  always  the  scene  of  systematic  activity.  A 
completely  appointed  laboratory  is  located  on  the  premises.      It  is 


vision  trade  of  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  numbering  among  his 
customers  many  of  the  most  prominent  merchants  of  that  time. 
The  present  :irm  have  in  their  possession  imoug  the  inheritance 
handed  down,  papers  and  receipts  of  historic  interest,  displaying 
business  transactions  with  Stephen  Girard,  Robert  Morns,  and 
others. 

Mr.  Job  Butcher  was  succeeded  by  Mr.  Amos  Butcher,  and  he 
was  followed  by  the  firm  of  T.  T.  &  W.  Butcher,  and  they  were 
succeeded  by  Butcher  Brothers,  and  they  again  by  the  well-known 
firm  of  Washington  Butcher  cc  Son,  and  in  in-;.,  upon  the 
decease  of  Mr.  Washington  Butcher,  after  a  lone:,  honorable, 
and  eminently  useful  career,  the  present  firm  under  the  title  <•( 
Washington  Butcher's  Sons  was  organized  and  continues  the  same 
•haracter  of  business  that  has  been  carried  on  by  this  house  for  one 
hundred  and  thirty-one  years.  The  principal  office  and  warehouse 
being  located  at  14b  and  14S  North  Front  street.  A  branch  house 
is  also  situated  in  Chicago,  and  they  are  in  every  way  admirably 
equipped  for  doing  a  large  wholesale  trade  in  provisions,  lard  oils, 
cotton  seed  oils,  and  curing  materials  for  packers.  They  also  have 
a  lan,re  cold  storage  warehouse,  refrigerated  by  artificial  refrigeration, 
having  been  one  of  the  first  houses  to  introduce  this  method,  and 
a  large  cold  storage  business  is  done.  The  also  have  several 
large,  well  established,  and  -veil  conducted  retail  markets  in 
different  sections  of  the  city,  where  a  general  business  is  done  ill 
provisions,  produce,  and  groceries. 

An  appreciative,  enterprising,  progressive  spirit  has  always 
characterized  this  firm  and  they  have  been  leaders  rather  than 
followers  in  the  march  of  modern  methods  and  means  in  the 
conduct  of  business.  Their  well  deserved  reputation  for  honorable, 
upright  business  principles  is  well  known  all  over  the  United  States 
and  ill  many  foreign  ports,  where  they  have  done  business. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


LOCKWOOD  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY 

Manufacture  exclusively,  envelopes,  tags,  patent  folding  boxes, 
&c.  This  business  was  instituted  thirtv-thrce  years  ago,  by  Mr. 
William  E.  Lockwood.  In  1S84  he  became  associated  with  his 
brother,  Mr.  E.  Dunbar  Lockwood,  and  ultimately  the  firm  became 
known  as  W.  E.  &  E.  D.  Lockwood.  Mr.  W.  E.  Lockwood  began 
life  in  a  wholesale  dry  goods  house.  After  many  years'  hard  work 
he  launched  himself  in  business  in  1856,  in  the  dry  goods  package 
commission  business.  In  1858  he  became  the  first  successful  man- 
ufacturer of  paper  collars  and  ultimately  invented  a  means  by 
which  he  could  make  tags,  direction  labels,  &c,  from  the  waste 
accumulating  from  the  manufacture  of  collars.  These  improve- 
ments he  patented  from  time  to  time,  and  those  patents  which  ap- 
plied exclusively  to  collars  he  sold  in  1866  for  a  handsome  sum  to 
the  Union  Paper  Company  of  New  York. 

The  factory  was  first  located  at  Fairmount,  Philadelphia.  In 
December,  i860,  it  was  moved  to  their  present  spacious  establish- 
ment. In  1866  they  added  to  the  establishment  the  manufacture  of 
envelopes.  The  envelopes  they  now  produced  left  hand  work 
in  the  distance  and  having  the  finest  machinery  in  the  world  at  their 
command,  they  could  easily  manufacture  envelopes  at  the  rate  of 
120  a  minute.  Still  pushing  onward  they  developed  a  new  and  last- 
ing improvement  in  the  manufacture  of  folding  paper  boxes,  and 
the  machinery  for  producing  the  same.  To  supply  the  market,  they 
perfected  and  issued  paper  boxes  which  were  known  as  "  collaps- 
ing" or  folding  boxes.  Then  they  manufactured  a  paper  box  for 
shipping  goods,  and  this  box  is  now  recognized  by  all  the  large 
houses  as  the  only  box  that  exactly  meets  their  requirements  for 
shipping  purposes.  Messrs.  Lockwood  have  designed  and  construct- 
ed special  machinery  for  this  work,  and  are  now  in  a  position  to 
produce  and  manufacture  these  boxes  from  150  to  200  a  minute. 

The  manufacturing  premises  are  situated  at  251  and  253  South 
Third  street,  and  the  firm  have  been  established  here  for  over  30 
vears.  The  building  is  seven  stories  high,  with  a  frontage  of  27 
feet  and  a  depth  of  187.  There  are  two  forty-five  horse-power  boil- 
ers, one  forty  horse-power  engine,  aud  within  the  building  are 
elevators  and  the  whole  manufactory  is  heated  by  steam.  The  firm 
employ  regularly  200  hands,  and,  when  very  busy,  often  more,  and 
they  manufacture  on  an  average  from  2,000,000  to  2,500,000  enve- 
lopes per  day,  and  750,000  paper  boxes  per  day.  The  trade  is  solely 
with  the  large  manufacturers  and  stationers  and  dry  goods  houses, 
confectioners,  icecream  saloons,  oyster  saloons,  cracker  manufac- 
turers, medicine  firms,  and  in  fact  nearly  every  firm  that  requires 
a  natty  box  for  the  packing  of  their  goods  for  the  customers.  The 
firm,  with  the  order,  print  the  name  and  location  of  the  firm,  if 
required,  on  the  box.  The  Messrs.  Lockwood  have  made  their 
house  noted  not  only  in  the  United  States,  but  throughout  the  civ- 
ilized world,  their  exports  being  very  considerable.  The  firm  have 
twenty-two  printing  presses  in  operation  ;  each  floor  has  its  own 
machine  shop,  and  its  own  foreman,  and  the  whole  establishment 
is  conducted  and  guided  as  if  regulated  by  clock  work. 

Mr.  \V.  E.  Lockwood  is  a  native  of  Ashtabula,  Ashtabula  coun- 
tv,  Ohio,  and  has  resided  in  Philadelphia  for  over  forty  years,  and  is 
in  himself  a  born  mechanic.  He  is  also  the  managing  director  of 
the  Shaw  Locomotive  Co.  Mr.  E.  Dunbar  Lockwood  was  also 
born  in  Ashtabula,  but  has  resided  here  since  boyhood,  and  since 
1S64,  jointly  with  his  brother,  he  has  been  entirely  identified  with 
him  in  the  manufacture  of  envelopes,  tags,  and  paper  boxes.  Mr. 
Lockwood  was  actively  engaged  on  the  Centennial  Committee  of 
1876.  He  is  a  Director  of  the  Order  of  the  Sons  of  the  Revolution  ; 
he  was  one  of  the  Committee  of  Labor  who  raised  One  Million  for 
the  soldier  victims  of  the  war,  and  formed  the  famous  Committee 
of  One  Hundred.  He  also  jointly  compiled  with  Mr.  Frederick  A. 
Holden,  the  "  Colonial  Revolutionary  History  of  their  Family  in 
America  from  1630." 


SAMUEL  H.  FRENCH  &  CO. 

This  well  known  firm,  manufacturers  of  paints  and  builders' 
supplies,  was  established  in  1844.  The  senior  member,  Mr.  Samuel 
H.  French,  now  in  his  seventy-fifth  year,  is  of  Quaker  ancestry, 
having  descended  from  Thomas  French,  who  came  to  this  country 
in  1677. 

When  Mr.  Samuel  H.  French  was  sixteen  years  old  his  father 
died,  after  which  event  he  resided  at  Salem,  Ohio,  for  a  limited 
time,  but  shortly  afterwards  returned  to  Philadelphia,  and  asso- 
ciated himself  with  his  brother,  the  late  Clavton  French,  and 
W.  H.  Richards,  in  the  drug  and  paint  business,  as  French 
&  Richards.  In  1S52  Samuel  H.  French  purchased  from  Edward 
and  Paschall  Coggins  the  Plaster  Mills  located  at  York  avenue, 
Crown  and  Callowhill  streets.  On  October  1,  1854,  the  entire 
factory  portion  of  their  building  was  destroyed  by  fire.  A  large 
and  substantial  four-story  building  was  erected  upon  the  site  of 
the  fire,  with  all  the  most  modern  appliances  for  the  production  of 
plaster  and  manufacture  of  paints,  and  the  factorv  was  in  full  oper- 
ation on  the  15th  day  of  February,  1855.  In  1857  they  erected  a 
five-story  building  extending  from  York  avenue  to  Fourth  street, 
and  running  south  from  Callowhill  street.  This  they  connected 
with  their  factory  building  on  the  west  side  of  the  street,  bv  a 
tunnel  under  York  avenue.  About  this  time  Mr.  Richards  died  and 
shortly  afterwards  Mr.  John  E.  Morey  was  admitted  to  the  firm. 
He,  however,  did  not  long  survive  his  predecessor,  and  the  two 
brothers  were  again  left  alone  in  the  business.  In  1S64,  thev  erected 
a  large  storehouse,  about  50  x  140  feet  on  Noble  street,  between 
Fourth  and  York  avenue,  and  the  following  vear  purchased  a  lot 
running  cast  from  York  avenue,  between  Noble  and  Buttonwood, 
upon  which  they  erected  a  commodious  stable  capable  of  accom- 
modating twenty-two  horses  and  the  wagons  necessary  for  the 
proper  conduct  of  their  business.  On  October  3,  1S65,  their  drug 
store  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Tenth  and  Market  streets,  was 
destroyed  by  fire.  The  building  took  fire  at  ten  o'clock  at  night, 
and  the  following  morning  at  nine  o'clock  found  them  located  at 
630  Market  street,  where  they  remained  for  a  few  months  until  they 
had  leased  the  Franklin  Market  House,  located  on  Tenth  street 
above  Chestnut.  Here  they  remained  for  about  two  years  until  they 
had  re-built  their  stores  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Tenth  and  Mar- 
ket streets,  into  which  they  moved  late  in  the  year  1S67,  after  which 
the  Franklin  Building  was  remodelled  for  the  Mercantile  Library 
Company,  who  still  occupy  it. 

Mr.  Edwin  Morey,  a  brother  of  their  former  partner,  was 
admitted  to  the  firm  about  the  year  1S61,  withdrawing  just  previous 
to  the  fire  in  1865,  and  on  January  1,  1S66,  Mr.  C.  W.  Funk  and 
William  Hazleton,  Jr.,  were  admitted  to  a  partnership.  It  was 
deemed  desirable  to  separate  the  business,  which  was  done  by  Mr. 
Samuel  H.  French,  continuing  the  manufacturing  department  and 
Clayton  French,  C.  W.  Funk  and  William  Hazleton,  Jr.,  the  drug 
department. 

Upon  the  separation  Mr.  Samuel  H.  French  connected  with 
him  his  sons  William  A.  and  Howard  B.  French,  and  also  John  L. 
Longstreth,  who  had  been  connected  with  their  manufacturing 
department  since  1S52.  Shortly  after  this  change  they  established 
a  factory  at  Third  and  Vine  streets,  Camden,  N.  J.,  where  they 
manufacture  their  architectural  ornaments,  etc. 

On  April  10,  1SS6,  the  firm  sustainsd  a  severe  loss  in  the  death 
from  pneumonia  of  Mr.  William  A.  French. 

Their  principal  business  is  the  manufacture  of  paints,  including 
white  lead  and  colors,  among  which  their  brand  of  "  Buck  Lead  " 
is  well  and  favorably  known  throughout  the  United  States.  They 
are  also  large  importers  of  Portland  Cement  and  Plaster.  They 
have  as  a  branch  of  their  business  a  Builder's  Supplies  Department, 
which  includes  wooden  and  slate  mantels,  fire-place  goods,  tile, 
architectural  ornaments,  plain  and  ornamental  glass. 


US 


PHILADELPHIA  AXD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THE  S.  S.  WHITE  DENTAL  MANUFACTURING  CO. 

Iu  at  least  one  department  of  industrial  enterprise  Philadelphia 
confessedly  leads  the  world.  The  manufacture  of  supplies  for 
dentists  has  for  many  years  had  its  recognized  headquarters  here,  at 
the  home  of  the  most  extensive  houseengaged  in  the  business  in  either 
hemisphere.  The  foundations  of  this  house,  The  S.  S.  White  Dental 
Manufacturing  Co.,  were  laid  in  1S44,  when  the  late  Dr.  Samuel  S. 
White  established  himself  at  the  corner  of  Seventh  and  Race  streets 
for  the  manufacture  of  "  mineral  teeth,"  now  known  as  porcelain 
teeth.  The  beginning  was  humble,  but  Dr.  White  set  out  to  win 
success  by  deserving  it.  His  modest  venture  gradually  expanded 
into  a  vast  establishment  which,  like  Ren  Adhem's  name,  "  led  all 
the  rest."  After  the  death  of  the  founder  in  1S79,  the  present 
company  was  formed  with  a  paid-up  capital  of  $1, 000,000,  the 
articles  of  incorporation  bearing  date  1S81.  Its  prosperity  has  been 
almost  unexampled,  but  it  would  be  strange  if  a  business  which 
builded  conscientiously  and  consistently  upon  the  principle  that 
"  the  best  is  the  cheapest,"  as  a  corner-stone,  was  not  prosperous  ; 
especiallv  if,  as  in  this  case,  it  was  coupled  with  far-reaching  enter- 
prise, careful,  conservative  management,  keen  business  insight  and 
foresight,  and  practical  manufacturing  judgment. 


S.  S.  White  Dental  Company 

Originating  almost  contemporaneously  with  modern  dentistry 
this  house  has  kept  pace  with  this  youngest  and  most  vigorous  of 
the  professions,  the  advancement  of  the  one  reflecting  the  growth 
of  the  other.  Scarcely  an  important  improvement  has  been  made 
in  dental  appliances  but  has  had  its  inception  or  reached  its  perfec- 
tion through  this  great  establishment. 

The  S.  S.  White  Dental  Manufacturing  Co.  makes  everv  article 
used  by  dentists  in  their  business,  from  the  most  delicate  broach  to 
the  costliest  chair.  There  is  perhaps  no  other  business  under  the 
sun  involving  so  vast  an  amount  of  manufacturing  detail,  yet 
throughout  the  almost  endless  variety  of  the  products  of  this  house, 
there  is  no  one  thing  iu  which  its  trade-mark  S/S  does  not  carry 
to  the  discerning  dentist  the  feeling  that  it  is  the  standard  of  quality 
and  fitness. 

The  main  house,  the  home  office,  is  at  the  southeast  corner  of 
Chestnut  and  Twelfth  streets,  the  building  having  been  specially 
erected  for  its  uses  some  twenty-two  years  ago.  The  entire  manu- 
facturing business  was  carried  on  within  its  walls  at  first,  though 
even  then  it  led  the  van  in  its  field  of  effort.  To-day  the  company 
has  three  large  factories,  in  which  hundreds  of  people  find  steady, 
profitable  employment. 

Branch  houses  in  New  York,  Boston,  Chicago,  Brooklyn  and 
Atlanta  help  to  distribute  the  goods  made  in  these  factories,  which 
also  are  handled  by  every  reputable  dealer  in  dentists'  supplies  from 
Philadelphia  to  far-off  Australia. 


HAINES,  JONES  &  CADBURY  CO. 

The  firm,  manufacturers  of  plumbing  and  sanitarv  goods,  was 
incorporated  under  the  laws  of  Pennsylvania,  November  Nth,  1ISS8, 
with  a  capital  of  5250,000,  but  the  business  was  originally  estab- 
lished in  1858  by  W.  S.  Cooper,  who,  after  running  it  for  awhile, 
admitted  Thomas  J.  Jones  as  a  partner,  and  the  firm  name  became 
Cooper  &  Jones.  Other  gentlemen  were  admitted  to  membership 
later,  and  the  firm  name  was  changed  successively  to  Cooper,  Jones 
&  Cadbury,  Haines,  Jones  &  Cadbury,  and  finally  became  the 
Haines,  Jones  &  Cadbury  Company,  as  it  is  now  known,  with  the 
following  Board  of  Directors :  William  H.  Haines,  president  ; 
William  G.  Warner,  secretary;  S.  T.  Hoopes,  treasurer;  John  W. 
Cadbury,  Joel  Cadbury,  Joseph  W.  Sharp,  Jr.  The  business  is  now 
located  at  No.  1 136  Ridge  avenue,  having  removed  from  Seventh 
and  Filbert  streets  in  1S77.  The  building,  which  is  four  stories 
high,  is  about  150  feet  square,  and  is  conveniently  equipped  with 
appliances  and  machinery  of  the  latest  patterns.  Besides  this 
have  an  immense  plant  at  Allegheny,  Pa.,  for  the  manufacture  of 
porcelain-lined  iron  bath  tubs,  for  which  they  have  a  great  demand, 
owing  to  their  superiority.  The  popular  firm  has  every  facility  for 
supplying  all  kinds  of  plumbers'  and  steam  fitters'  supplies  in  the 
newest  and  most  convenient  designs.  It  is  one  of  the  largest  in 
their  line  in  Philadelphia,  doing  a  purely  wholesale  business,  and 
under  its  present  efficient  management  they  have  established  a  trade 
that  extends  from  Maine  to  Texas,  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific, 
including  an  enormous  demand  from  the  local  consumers,  and 
besides,  many  of  their  goods  are  exported  to  England.  They  handle 
onlv  the  finer  grades  of  brass  work  and  earthenware,  and  it  was 
through  their  efforts  that  a  better  grade  of  goods  is  now  becoming 
more  generally  used.  Among  the  many  specialties  they  are  partic- 
ularly interested  in  are  the  "  Electric  "  and  "  The  Perfecter  "  wash- 
out water-closets,  both  of  which  are  of  their  own  patents,  and 
which  have  a  reputation  second  to  none  in  the  country.  It  would 
lie  useless  to  describe  their  working,  as  their  merits  can  only  be 
appreciated  after  having  seen  them  in  actual  use.  A  visit  to  the 
works  on  Ridge  avenue  is  advisable  to  those  contemplating  building, 
and  there,  from  a  large  and  varied  stock,  can  be  selected  just  what 
is  needed,  and  that,  too,  without  having  to  pay  exorbitant  prices. 


HEROY   &  CO. 

Among  the  commercial  houses  of  Philadelphia  which  contribute 
largely  to  the  enterprise  of  the  city,  the  above  firm,  importers  of 
plate  and  French  sheet  glass,  and  manufacturers  of  French  looking- 
cdass  plates,  is  of  verv  considerable  importance,  as  their  trade 
extends  all  over  the  continent,  with  customers  in  all  of  the  principal 
cities. 

The  firm  of  Herov  &  Co.  is  a  branch  of  the  well  known  house 
of  Herov  &  Marrcnner.  and  is  located  at  No.  927  Arch  street,  under 
the  management  of  Mr.  Henry  E.  Sealey,  a  gentleman  of  long 
experience  and  great  familiarity  with  the  productionsof  the  leading 
manufacturers  of  plate  glass  here  and  abroad.  The  house  was 
established  bv  Mr.  Sealey  in  Philadelphia  in  1S79  to  meet  the  local 
trade  of  the  New  York  house,  and  its  growing  trade  from  its  southern 
and  western  connection,  as  well  as  to  obtain  additional  facilities  for 
handling  its  importations. 

In  Mr.  Scalcv's  keeping  the  interest  of  the  house  here  has  in 
everv  way  been  promoted  and  extended.  The  spacious  warerooms 
at  No.  927  Arch  street  arc  heavily  stocked  with  the  best  qualities  of 
imported  and  domestic  plate  and  sheet  glass,  enabling  him  to  fill 
all  orders  directly  from  stock. 

His  facilities  for  supplying  architects,  builders  and  the  general 
trade  promptly,  and  on  reasonable  terms  and  prices  as  are  obtain- 
able auvwhere,  are  not  surpassed. 

Under  Mr.  Sealev's  efficient  management  the  trade  of  the  firm 
has  met  with  a  yearly  increase,  and  is  now  in  its  plate  glass  depart- 
ment the  largest  in  this  market. 

Mr.  Sealey  is  a  native  of  this  city,  and  is  well  and  favorably 
known  in  social  as  well  as  in  business  circles,  he  is  recognized  as  a 
gentleman  of  ability,  push  and  integrity,  qualities  which  have 
brought  success  and  ensure  continuance  iu  any  field  of  commercial 
activity. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


E.  C.  KNIGHT  &  COMPANY 

E.  C.  Knight,  the  senior  member  of  the  firm  of  E.  C.  Knight 
&  Co.,  importers  and  sugar  refiners,  is  without  doubt  one  of  the 
oldest  persons  in  that  business  in  the  United  States.  The  present 
establishment  is  the  outgrowth  of  a  business  he  started  May  7th, 
1S36.     In  1S51  the  firm  name  was  changed  from  E.   C.  Knight  to 

E.  C.  Knight  &  Co.,  several  partners  being  admitted. 

The  firm  as  at  present  constituted  was  formed  in  18S6,  with 
Edward  C.  Knight,  Sr.,  Edward  C.  Knight,  Jr.,  Richard  E.   Clay, 

F.  D.  Langenheim  and  Edward  Browning  as  members.  The  senior 
member,  a  wonderfully  preserved  gentleman,  retains  much  of  that 
energy  for  which  he  was  noted  when  a  young  man.  He  can  be 
found  daily  at  the  office  of  the  firm  at  Chestnut  and  Water  streets 
when  not  occupied  in  railroad  or  other  important  business.  Their 
plant  is  an  immense  one,  and  was 

built  in  1S81  on  Mr.  Knight's 
property  on  Delaware  avenue  be- 
tween Bainbridge  and  South  sts. 
It  is  considered  one  of  the  most 
complete  and  convenient  refiner- 
ies ill  the  country.  The  buildings 
have  a  frontage  on  Delaware  ave- 
nue of  215  feet,  running  through 
toSwanson  street,  while  the  large 
storage  houses  extend  from  Swan- 
son  to  Penn  street.  Five  of  the 
buildings  fronting  on  Delaware 
avenue  are  used  for  refining  pur- 
poses, Nos.  1  and  2  being,  when 
originally  built,  molasses  houses. 
No.  3  contains  the  vacuum  pans, 
granulators  and  packing  ma- 
chinery, etc.,  and  is  six  stories  in 
height.  No.  4,  which  is  eleven 
stones  high,  is  the  bone-black 
and  filtering  house,  and  is  perfect- 
ly fire-proof  for  the  first  six  stor- 
ies, and  above  that  having  an  ar- 
rangement by  which  each  floor 
can  be  flooded  with  water  in  a 
very  short  space  of  time.  No.  5  is 
the  boiler  house,  and  is  equipped 
with  four  boilers  of  500  horse- 
power each.  The  machinery  is 
all  of  the  most  modern  and  ap- 
proved patterns,  being  self-acting 
or  automatic,  thereby  reducing  the  number  of  hands  and  cost  of  pro- 
duction.The  firm  employ  from  300  to  400  persons  about  their  works. 
In  the  building  fronting  on  Delaware  avenue  there  are  two  copper 
pans  of  enormous  size  ;  in  fact  they  are  among  the  largest  and  finest 
in  the  city,  if  not  in  the  country,  and  have  an  estimated  capacity 
of  1  So  barrels  of  sugar  each.  The  filters  are  on  the  fifth  floor  of 
the  II  story  building,  and  are  twenty-four  in  number,  ten  feet  in 
diameter  and  twenty-two  feet  high,  with  a  capacity  of  70,000  lbs.  each. 
Bone-black  is  an  important  factor  in  sugar  refining  and  is  used  over 
and  over  again,  being  purified,  burnt  and  cooled  after  each  process. 
The  quantity  in  use  is  about  1,800,000  pounds. 

The  refinery  is  not  dependent  upon  the  city  for  its  supply  of 
water,  having,  besides  two  artesian  wells  on  the  premises  and  which 
throw  two  hundred  and  fifty  gallons  a  minute,  one  twenty  inch  and 
one  ten  inch  main  running  into  the  Delaware  from  which  a  large 
supply  can  be  taken. 

The  capacity  of  the  refinery  is  about  1500  barrels  per  day,  in- 
cluding granulated  and  soft  sugars.  The  buildings  were  erected 
under  the  personal  supervision  of  the  late  Robert  J.  Barr,  then  the 
chief  engineer  and  superintendent  for  the  firm,  and  are  considered 


by  experts  as  near  perfection  as  it  is  possible  to  make  them. 
The  shipping  facilities  of  E.  C.  Knight  &  Co.  compare  favora- 
bly in  size  with  the  immense  refinery.  They  have  a  river  frontage 
of  two  hundred  and  fifty  feet,  including  two  piers,  at  the  head  of 
which  is  erected  a  large  shed  for  storage  purposes.  This,  together 
with  their  warehouses,  affords  ample  accommodation  for  50,000  bags 
and  2,000  bogheads  of  sugar. 

The  entire  product  of  this  great  establishment  is  warranted  per- 
fectly pure,  no  beet  sugar,  glucose  or  chemicals  being  allowed  in 
the  manufacture  of  sugar  ;  and  the  granulated  and  powdered  sugars 
manufactured  by  them  are  by  a  patent  process  doubly  dried.  When 
we  say  that  the  refinery  is  continually  run  on  full  time,  the  reader 
will  understand  from  the  description  of  the  works  what  an  extensive 
business  is  done.  Their  trade  is  entirely  wholesale,  and  is  dis- 
tributed among  the  larger  cities  of  the  United  States. 

Edward  C.  Knight  was  born 
in  Gloucester  county,  N.  J.,  on 
Decembers,  1S13.  Giles  Knight, 
his  ancestor,  came  from  Glouces- 
tershire, England,  in  the  ship 
"Welcome"  with  William  Penn 
and  located  in  Byberry,  where  he 
died  in  1726.  The  parents  of  E. 
C.  Knight,  Jonathan  and  Rebecca 
Collins  Knight,  were  members  of 
the  Society  of  Friends.  In  1S32 
the  son  came  to  Philadelphia  and 
engaged  as  clerk  in  the  grocery- 
store  of  Atkinson  &  Cuthbcrt.  In 
1836  he  established  himself  in 
the  grocery  business  on  Chestnut 
street.  Later  he  became  an  im- 
porter of  coffee  and  ship  owner. 
In  1S46  he  removed  to  the  south- 
east corner  Chestnut  ami  Water 
streets,  where  for  nearly  half  a 
century  he  has  continued.  In 
1S49  he  became  largely  interested 
in  the  California  trade.  To  Mr. 
Knight  belongs  the  credit  of  de- 
signing and  patenting  the  sleep- 
ing car.  now  known  as  the"  Pull- 
man Car."  In  the  fifties  the 
sleepers  were  fitted  with  rude 
"  bunks,"  and  on  a  journey  from 
New  Orleans  Mr.  Knight  experi- 
encing all  the  discomfort  in  trav- 
eling in  them,  while  on  the  road  conceived  the  plans  which  have 
brought  about  such  great  comfort  to  the  traveler  by  rail.  On  his 
return  in  1S59  he  contracted  with  Murphy  &  Allison  (now  the  Alli- 
son Manufacturing  Co.)  for  building  his  first  car.  It  was  first  used 
on  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad.  He  secured  patents  from  the 
U.  S.  and  soon  the  demand  became  enormous.  About  1S6S  the 
company  organized  by  Mr.  Knight  sold  their  patents  to  Mr.  Pull- 
man for  something  like  52,200,000.  Mr.  Knight  is  not  only  one  of 
Philadelphia's  most  honored  merchants,  but  is  recognized  as  one  of 
the  leading  railroad  men  of  the  city. 

He  has  been  concerned  in  the  following  railroad  companies  as 
Director  :  Lackawana  &  Bloomsburgh,  West  Jersey,  Pennsylvania, 
North  Pennsylvania,  Philadelphia  &  Reading  ;  and  President  of  the 
Jersey  Central  and  Bound  Brook.  President  of  the  American 
Steamship  Company  and  director  in  many  financial  institutions. 
In  1S60  he  was  an  elector  on  the  Republican  Presidential  ticket. 
In  1873  he  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention.  In 
1SS3  he  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  Park  Commission.  He  has 
for  years  been  a  director  in  the  Union  League.  He  was  President 
and  an  active  promoter  of  the  Bi-Centennial  Association  of  1S82. 


Edward  C.  Knight 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


BAEDER,  ADAMSON  &  CO. 


Had  a  directory  of  the  manufacturing  concerns  in  the  City  of 
Philadelphia  been  published  in  the  year  1S2S,  the  firm  of  Baeder, 
Adamson  &  Co.  would  have  appeared  as  makers  of  glue  only. 
More  than  sixty  years  after  the  firm  appears  as  makers  not  only  of 
glue,  but  also  of  curled  hair,  sand  paper,  and  kindred  articles.  At 
the  time  the  firm  was  founded  the  city  population  was  less  than 
70,000.  Now  it  is  over  1,000,000.  During  this  time  the  business 
of  this  house  has  increased  and  enlarged  in  even  greater  proportion. 
What  was  then  a  little  factory  on  the  old  Cohoeksink  Creek  is  now 
an  immense  establishment  covering  forty  acres  on  the  River  Dela- 
ware. Their  entire  annual  product  of  glue  then  would  not  now  begin 
to  supply  their  own  consumption  in  the  manufacture  of  sand 
paper.  In  addition  to  this  they  now  have  factories  in  Woburn, 
Mass.,  and  Newark,  N.  J.,  either  of  which  is  larger  than  the  origi- 
nal plant.  Then  they  had  no  warehouse  outside  the  works  for  the 
distribution  of  goods.  Now  they  have  stores  in  Philadelphia, 
New  York,  Chicago  and  Boston.  Then  their  wares  were  all  sold 
within  one  hundred  miles  of  Philadelphia.  Now  they  not  only  go 
into  all  parts  of  this  country,  but  also  as  far  east  in  Europe  as 
Russia,  as  farsouth  in  the  southern  half  of  the  Western  Hemisphere 
as  Chili,  and  even  far-off  Australia  receives  a  share. 

Such  is  the  partial  record  of  an  old  Philadelphia  house,  Baeder, 
Adamson  &  Co.,  manufacturers  of  glue,  curled  hair  and  sand  papers. 


Jewelers'  League  and  of  the  Jewelers'  Protection  Association,  public 
spirited  and  energetic  business  men,  whose  operations  are  not  onlv 
a  credit  to  them  but  of  value  to  all  that  concerns  the  interests  and 
progress  of  Philadelphia. 


DAVID  F.  CONOVER 
&CO. 

The  business  of  this  firm 
of  manufacturing  jewelry 
and  watch  cases  was  cstab- 
li'-hcil  thirty  years  ago  by 
Mr.  Edward  A.  Warnc.  who 
was  succeeded  bv  William 
K.  Warnc  &  Co!  The  co- 
partners being  Mr.  William 
B.  Warne,  a  brother  of  the 
founder,  and  Mr.  David  F. 
Couover.  This  co-partner- 
ship continued  until  1(373, 
when  Mr.  Conovcr  organ- 
ized the  present  firm,  Mr.  B. 
Frank  Williams  and  Mr.  E. 
Edgar  Righter  being  ad- 
mitted into  partnership. 
Mr.  Righter  retired  in  18S4. 

This  firm  affords  an  ex- 
cellent illustration  of  the 
possibilities  of  well  directed 
enterprise,  in  the  great  ex- 
tent of  trade  they  have  established  throughout  the  United  States. 
Both  partners  bringing  to  bear  special  qualifications  for  the  conduct 
of  their  business,  including  large  practical  experience,  perfected 
facilities,  influential  connections,  ample  resources  and  the  skill  and 
taste  to  produce  original  and  beautiful  designs  in  jewelry  and  watch 
cases  of  the  highest  standard. 

The  firm  manufactures  full  lines  of  jewelry  sets,  half  and 
quarter  sets  and  single  pieces,  and  all  jewelry  celebrated  for  their 
artistic  beauty  and  delicacy  of  workmanship. 

The  firm  has  been  especially  celebrated  as  manufacturers  ot 
watch  cases,  adapted  to  casing  all  the  principal  American  and 
foreign  movements. 

Their  rank  in  this  line  has  received  the  highest  encomiums  from 
dealers  and  purchasers  of  artistic  goods  from  all  over  the  country. 
The  firm  are  wholesale  dealers  in  all  the  different  makes  of  reliable 
American  watches.  They  make  a  specialty  of  the  American  Watch 
Company's  movements,  and  we  learn  that  this  company  have  just 
turned  out  the  500,000th  movement  of  this  popular  movement 
manufactured  at  Waltham,  Mass.  We  have  just  learned  that  at 
present  writing  this  Company  have  just  turned  out  16  size  -!4  -plate 
watch,  being  the  5,000,000th  movement  of  that  grade. 

The  stock  carried  is  large  and  complete,  and  several  salesmen 
represent  the  house  on  the  road  in  the  Southern  and  Western 
States. 

The  proprietors  arc  universally  popular  and  respected.  Few 
business  men  enjoy  a  larger  circle  of  friends  anil  acquaintances 
than  Mr.  Conovcr  or  are  more  popularly  esteemed.  He  was  born  in 
Danville,  but  has  resided  in  Philadelphia  since  his  boyhood.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  Union  League,  Manufacturers'  Club  and  Art  Club. 

Mr.  Williams  is  a  native  of  the  city.     Thev  are  members  of  the 


W.  G.  PENNYPACKER 

A  representative  and  the  most  extensive  cooperage  house  in 
Pennsylvania  actively  engaged  in  this  steadily  increasing  industrv, 
is  that  of  W.  G.  Pennypacker,  manufacturer  of  slack  barrels,  whose 
Quaker  City  Cooperage  is  eligibly  located  at  Twenty-third  street 
and  Washington  avenue.  Mr.  Pennypacker  established  the  busi- 
ness about  thirty-seven  years  ago.  He  supplies  sugar  refineries, 
millers,  lime  merchants,  etc.,  throughout  all  sections  of  Pennsvl- 
vania  and  New  Jersey,  with  all  descriptions  of  barrels,  except 
those  for  liquids.  The  factory  at  Twenty-third  street  and  Washing- 
ton avenue  is  a  spacious  two-story  brick  building,  130x320  feet  in 
dimensions,  with  railroad  siding  alongside.  The  various  depart- 
ments are  fully  equipped  with  the  latest  improved  appliances  and 
machinery,  and  give  employment  to  about  350  operatives,  all  of 
whom  are  skilled  workmen.  In  December,  1S89,  after  finding  his 
old  quarters  too  small  for  his  constantly  increasing  trade,  Mr. 
Pennyp\icker  started  a  second  factory  at  the  foot  of  Reed  street,  in 

connection  with  Sprcckels' 
sugar  refiner,-.     It  is  three 
'•*&?■--  ■  ■■■■  stories   high   and  135x245 

~  __-. , r=  ■■■■■■-■  .        •  -    .  •     '  t-  feet  in  dimensions,  its  total 

.      -  8§P  capacity  being  16,000  barrels 

— ,  -'  "  P-_       rilE.  of  all   sizes    per  day.     The 

„     J      -.--  .  -  ""!.'.  '  "  average   capacity    is   10,000 

barrels  daily.  Mr.  Pennv- 
packer  is  a  native  and  resi- 
dent of  Wilmington,  Del. 
He  is  an  honorable  and 
progressive  business  man, 
universally  popular  and  re- 
spected, and  a  worthy  repre- 
sentative of  this  great  staple 
industry.  He  lias  been 
prompt  to  meet  the  require- 
ments of  his  many  patrons, 
whose  ordeis  are  promptlv 
and  carefully  filled,  and  to 
their  entire  satisfaction. 


KEYSTONE  MARBLE 
COMPANY 


The  Keystone  Marble  Company  was  organized  in  1S53.  Its 
firm  name  at  that  time  was  S.  F.  Jacoby  &  Co.,  and  the  business 
was  conducted  under  that  title  until  KS60,  when  it  was  changed  to 
G.  W.  Jacoby  &  Son.  No  other  change  was  made  until  1SS9,  when 
the  Kevstone  Marble  Company  was  organized  and  incorporated 
under  the  laws  of  Pennsylvania.  Its  officers  are:  C.  S.  Jacoby, 
president ;  G.  W.  Jacoby,  secretary  ;  J.  F.  Jacob}-,  treasurer  and 
general  manager.  The  business  consists  principally  of  marble  and 
onyx  work  of  everv  description,  including  mantels,  turning  col- 
umns for  statues  and  statuettes,  etc.  Their  work  is  without  excep- 
tion the  finest  in  the  country,  their  designs  being  as  exquisitely 
attractive  as  thev  are  original  and  novel.  A  visit  to  their  large 
establishment,  No.  2025  Market  street,  will  be  amply  repaid,  if  one 
admires  artistic  and  beautiful  work  of  this  kind.  Their  display  is 
really  magnificent  and  so  extensive  that  one  imagines  he  is  exam- 
ining the  exhibit  at  some  prominent  exposition.  It  could  not  well 
be  otherwise,  however,  with  a  management  so  able  and  experienced 
as  that  of  the  Messrs.  Jacobv,  each  and  every  one  of  whom  is  as 
familiar  with  the  work  as  the  most  skilled  mechanic  in  their  em- 
ploy. Thev  seem  to  anticipate  the  requirements  of  the  trade  and 
never  fail  to  meet  them  ;  in  fact  instead  of  keeping  apace  with  the 
times,  they  are  generally  in  advance  of  it,  and  are  the  first  in  the 
market  with  some  new  design  or  improved  feature.  In  evidence  of 
these  statements  it  is  onlv  necessary  to  mention  a  few  of  the  many 
handsome  buildings  in  which  the  result  of  the  firm's  handiwork  is 
to  be  seeu.  Among  the  number  are  the  Drexel  Building;  Brown 
Bros.  Building,  Fourth  and  Chestnut  streets  ;  Manhattau  Building, 
Fourth  and  Walnut  streets  ;  Commercial  Union,  No.  410  Walnut 
street;  Presbyterian  Hospital,  Thirty-ninth  street  and  Powelton 
avenue  ;  Hotel  Gladstone,  Eleventh  and  Pine  streets. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PIIILADELPHIAXS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


McCALLUM  &  SLOAN 

This  establishment  is  the  oldest  carpet  manufacturing  firm  in 
the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  and  the  oldest,  excepting  one,  in  the 
United  States.  In  1830  William  McCallum,  Scotchman  and  prac- 
tical dyer,  who  emigrated  from  Scotland  to  America  a  few  years 
before,  commenced  the  manufacture  of  ingrain  carpets  on  Carpen- 
ter street,  formerly  Trullington's  Lane,  Germantown.  In  this 
building  were  built  and  erected  the  first  Jacquard  machines  made  in 
this  country.  These  machines  were  made  by  two  Scotchmen, 
practical  ingrain  carpet  weavers,  and  were  the  first  two  men  em- 
ployed by  William  McCallum.  Previous  to  their  engagement  the 
men  had  been  manufacturing  fringe,  rugs  and  mats  in  a  small  way 
on  their  own  account,  which  business  was  continued  with  the  man- 
ufacture of  carpets  by  William  McCallum  ;  having  decided  to  make 
the  manufacture  of  carpets  his  business  Mr.  McCallum  sent  for  his 
brother  Andrew,  who  was  at  that  time  engaged  in  the  Mississippi 
trade,  and  with  whom  he  had  arranged  to  become  a  partner  under 
the  name  of  Andrew  McCallum  &  Co. 

In  1831  the  brothers  bought  the  mill  and  20  acres  of  land  from 


the  spinning  mill,  with  a  large  portion  of  the  machinery,  including 
the  power  looms,  the  substantial  character  of  the  building  prevent- 
ing a  much  greater  loss.  The  damage  to  the  building  was  soon  re- 
paired, and  the  destroyed  machinery  replaced  by  new.  In  a  few 
months  the  business  of  the  mills  went  on  as  before. 

In  1855  Andrew  McCallum  died  in  the  forty-ninth  year  of  his 
age.  By  his  death  the  firm  was  dissolved,  and  Mr.  Hendrickson 
retired  from  the  business  and  William  McCallum  became  sole 
proprietor.  In  1S59  Hugh  McCallum,  Orlando  Crease  and  A.  J. 
Sloan  became  members  of  the  firm  under  the  style  of  McCallum 
&  Co.  The  breaking  out  of  the  war  caused  great  depression  in  the 
carpet  trade.  The  firm  concluded  to  erect  a  number  of  blanket 
looms  and  the  necessary  machinery  for  the  manufacture  of  blankets 
for  the  government.  At  the  close  of  the  war  the  firm  gave  their 
entire  attention  to  the  carpet  business. 

To  William  McCallum,  more  than  to  any  one,  is  due  the  credit 
of  originating  the  business,  and  to  his  perseverance  and  good  judg- 
ment the  long  continued  and  successful  growth  and  conduct  of  the 
same.  In  1S66  he  retired  from  active  participation  and  became  a 
special  partner,  and  so  continued  until  his  death  in   1S75,  aged  72 


Hugh  McCallum 


James  Burk,  the  then  owner.  For  some  time  the  mill  was  driven 
by  a  water-wheel.  A  steam  engine  and  boiler  were  erected  in  1835. 
In  the  same  year  additional  weaving  room  was  built  and  fifty  looms 
added  to  the  former  number.  Up  to  1S41  the  firm  had  been  manu- 
facturers only.  In  that  year  they  succeeded  to  the  jobbing  business 
of  Hendrickson  &  Clarkson,  at  87  Chestnut  street.  Mr.  Hendrick- 
son becoming  a  member  of  the  firm.  In  1842  a  lot  of  English 
worsted  machinery  was  imported,  a  mill  in  the  neighborhood  was 
rented.  In  1845  a  stone  mill  for  spinning  purposes,  50x100  feet, 
and  four  stories  high,  was  erected.  In  1S46  six  three-ply  ingrain 
power  looms,  built  by  Alfred  Jenks  of  Bridesburg,  were  started, 
being  the  first  power  looms  put  in  motion  in  Pennsylvania.  An 
engine  and  boilers  of  36  horse-power  was  erected  to  drive  the  ma- 
chinery in  this  mill.  The  mills  becoming  the  largest  mills  in  the 
State,  250  hands  being  employed.  They  were  situated  in  a  pleasant 
valley  in  which  there  is  a  well  defined  echo.  This  circumstance 
suggested  to  the  brothers  the  name  of  Glen  Echo  for  their  mills,  by 
which  they  are  now  known  throughout  the  United  States  and 
Europe.  The  word  Glen  being  used  in  remembrance  of  their  native 
Scotland,  where  the  term  is  common.  At  first  the  business  of  the 
brothers  was  necessarily  small,  employing  but  25  to  30  hands.  The 
number  increasing  with  the  increasing  business.  In  1S53  the  mills 
were  visited  by  a  fire  which  destroyed  the  roof  and  upper  floors  of 


vears.  In  1S67  a  further  increase  was  made  by  the  erection  of  a 
stone  mill  185x40  feet,  and  three  stories  high,  in  which  56  additional 
ingrain  power  looms  were  placed,  and  the  worsted  machinery 
doubled,  also  a  steam  engine  and  boilers  were  erected  of  250  horse- 
power to  drive  the  machinery,  the  number  of  hands  employed 
being  350.  Up  to  1875  the  chief  product  of  the  mills  was  ingrain 
carpets,  worsted  and  worsted  yarns.  In  this  year  they  commenced 
the  manufacture  of  Wilton  and  Brussels  carpets  by  power  looms. 
In  1SS5  four  and  a  half  acres  of  land  were  purchased  at  Wayne 
Junction  Station,  adjoining  the  Reading  Railroad,  on  which  they 
built  the  new  Glen  Echo  Mills,  with  an  entire  new  plant  of  im- 
proved construction,  and  one  of  the  best  appointed  carpet  mills  in 
this  country.  The  firm  are  enabled  to  manufacture  Brussels  and 
Wilton  carpets.  Byzantine  rugs  of  a  quality  not  surpassed  in  design 
and  finish  by  the  best  makers  either  in  America  or  England.  In 
the  first  part  of  the  year  1SS7  Mr.  Crease  retired,  and  the  firm 
became  McCallum  &  Sloan.  The  premises  first  occupied  in  Phila- 
delphia were  at  87  Chestnut  street,  thence  to  509  Chestnut  street, 
and  a  few  vears  later  No.  519  was  taken  as  a  retail  store.  In  1S70 
the  present  premises,  Nos.  1012  and  1014  Chestnut  street  were  pur- 
chased, and  where  the  retail  and  jobbing  business  are  now  con- 
tinued. The  structure  is  an  extensive  and  handsome  marble  build- 
ing, and  one  of  the  noted  business  features  of  the  city. 


119 


/'////..  IDELPHL  I  .  LVD  POP!  '/..  IP  PHIL.  IDELPHP  INS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


MORSE.  WILLIAMS  &  COMPANY 

The  excellent  supply  of  coal,  iron  and  lumber  at  reason- 
able prices,  together  with  the  favorable  conditions  enabling 
mechanics  to  live  comfortably  on  a  moderate  income,  has 
made  Philadelphia  the  leading  manufacturing  city  in  certain 
lines  of  business,  among  which  may  be  mentioned  the  manu- 
facture of  passenger  and  freight  elevators.  The  establish- 
ment of  Messrs.  Morse,  Williams  &  Co.,  known  as  the  Morse 
Elevator  Works,  is  one  of  the  largest  in  that  line  of  business 
in  the  world.  They  build  and  erect  all  kinds  of  passenger 
elevators  and  their  annual  output  of  freight  elevators  is  larger 
than  that  of  any  other  house  in   the  business — their  special- 


in  supplying  their  Albro-Hindley  screw  gearing  to  manufac- 
turers of  steamship  steering  engines,  ship  windlasses  and  for 
purposes  where  great  strength,  accuracy,  economy  in  power 
and  smoothness  in  running  are  desirable.  The  entire  estab- 
lishment is  thoroughly  furnished  with  tools  especially  adapted 
to  their  line  of  business,  so  the  greatest  economy  in  produc- 
tion is  coupled  with  the  highest  degree  of  excellence.  The 
members  of  the  firm  give  the  several  departments  of  the  busi- 
ness their  close  personal  supervision  and  have  the  advantages 
of  many  years  of  practical  experience.  Mr.  Stephen  A. 
Morse,  the  senior  member  of  the  firm,  looks  after  the  manu- 
facturing. His  name  is  well  known  to  mechanics  all  over  the 
world  through  his  invention  of  the  twist  drill. 


The   Morse,  Williams  &  Company's   Elevator   Works 


ties  in  the  way  of  automatic  hatch  doors,  excellent  safety  de- 
vices and  the  Albro-Hindley  screw  having  made  an  unusually 
large  demand  for  their  freight  elevators  in  all  classes  of  build- 
ings. The  Morse  Elevator  Works  face  on  three  streets, 
Frankford  avenue,  Wildey  and  Shackamaxon  streets,  run- 
ning the  entire  length  of  the  block  lying  between  the  former 
and  latter  named  thoroughfares.  The  location  is  known  as 
the  Kensington  District  and  is  readily  accessible  from  the 
heart  of  the  city,  Wildey  street  being  one  block  south  of 
Girard  avenue,  on  which  the  cars  run  both  east  and  west  ;  and 
the  red  cars  running  north  on  Third  street  to  Brown,  thence 
via  Beach  street  to  Frankford  avenue,  pass  the  door  on  their 
uptown  trip,  and  run  within  a  square  on  their  down  trip. 

Morse,  Williams  &  Co.  confine  themselves  to  the  manu- 
facture of  elevators  almost  exclusively,  making  one  exception 


Mr.  Carlton  M.  Williams  supervises  the  finances  and  ac- 
counts, while  Mr.  Edwin  F.  Morse  dictates  the  correspondence 
and  makes  up  the  bids  to  be  submitted  to  their  customers.  They 
have  branch  offices  in  New  York,  New  Haven,  Conn.,  Boston, 
Scranton,  Pa.,  and  Richmond,  Va.,  and  local  agents  at  many 
points  throughout  the  United  States.  Being  favorably  situ- 
ated for  shipping  by  both  rail  and  water  routes  together  with 
their  unsurpassed  facilities  for  turning  out  work,  added  to  the 
general  advantages  of  Philadelphia  as  a  manufacturing  city, 
has  enabled  them  to  build  up  their  widely  extended  trade 
notwithstanding  the  strong  competition  met  from  local  man- 
facturers  throughout  the  country.  America  takes  the  lead 
in  the  use  of  elevators,  but  Morse,  Williams  &  Co.  find  a 
growing  demand  from  foreign  countries  for  their  elevators  as 
their  advantages  become  better  known. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


FORD,  KENDIG  &  CO. 

Manufacturers,  plumbers',  gas  and  steam  fitters'  supplies. 
One  of  the  youngest  firms  in  Philadelphia  in  this  line  was  in- 
corporated in  March,  1888,  first  located  at  712  Filbert  street,  remov- 
ing to  their  present  location  at  27  North  Seventh  street,  May,  1SS8, 
where  the  new  firm  continued  the  business,  only  on  a  more  exten- 
sive scale.  They  are  manufacturers  and  dealers  in  wrought  iron 
pipe,  boiler  tubes,  brass  and  iron  valves  fittings,  radiators,  etc., 
besides  which  they  carry  a  complete  line  of  plumbers',  gas  and 
steam  fitters'  supplies.  Their  factory  is  situated  at  Nos.  1428,  1430 
and  1432  Callowhill  street,  and  consists  of  a  three-story  building 
which  faces  Callowhill  street.  They  do  a  large  retail  as  well  as  a 
wholesale  business,  employing  among  their  large  number  of  hands, 
many  skilled  mechanics,  whose  earnest  and  faithful  co-operation 
with  the  firm  has  been  one  source  from  which  considerable  of  the 
companv's  success  was  attained.  The  firm  consists  of  Alfred  E. 
Ford,  John  Kendig,  C.  J.  Rainear  and  C.  B.  Souder,  each  of  whom 
is  thoroughly  posted  in  the  details  of  their  business,  and  individu- 
ally could  have  won  a  reputation  and  standing  among  the  trade 
second  to  none,  but  by  joining  forces  and  interests  their  success  and 
prosperitv  have  been  all  the  more  pronounced.  They  combine 
great  energy,  business  ability  and  enterprise  to  such  a  marked 
extent  that  the  reputation  of  the  house  is  not  confined  to  the  local 
trade,  but  is  known  and  respected  on  the  Pacific  slope,  Cuba  and 
Mexico,  where  they  have  built  for  themselves  an  extensive  trade, 
a  trade  which  is  constantly  increasing  and  which  promises  ulti- 
mately to  become  so  large  that  their  present  quarters  will  be  entire- 
ly inadaquate  in  capacity. 

The  progress  of  the  firm  is  due  largely  to  their  honest  dealings 
with  the  trade  in  general,  giving  preference  to  none,  but  treating 
all  alike  ;  the  superiority  of  their  workmanship,  excellence  of 
qualitv  of  materials  used,  and  reasonable  prices  charged.  They 
have  the  exclusive  agency  for  this  city  of  the  American  Tube  and 
Iron  Companv  of  Middletown,  Pa.,  and  Youngstown,  Ohio,  whose 
products  are  classed  among  the  best  manufactured  in  the  United 
States. 


THE  WILSON  BISCUIT  COMPANY 

Is  the  oldest  and  best  known  Company  not  only  in  the  city  of 
Philadelphia  but  in  the  leading  cities  of  the  United  States.  Mr.  J.  V. 
Huber,  its  president,  is  a  gentleman  of  large  practical  business  ex- 
perience and  influential  connections.  Their  manufactory  is  located 
on  Front  street,  Augusta  Place  and  Craven  street,  and  known  as 
Nos.  210,  212  and  2T4  North  Front  street,  and  is  a  substantial  struct- 
ure, five  stories  high,  equipped  with  improved  machinery  and  ap- 
pliances, affording  employment  to  upwards  of  250  skilled  hands. 
The  most  thorough  system  of  organization  is  enforced  and  the 
works  are  the  model  of  their  kind  ;  fitted  with  electric  light  and 
steam,  and  the  best  methods  and  most  improved  processes,  known 
to  modern  science  for  baking  purposes.  Quality  has  ever  been  the 
first  consideration  with  this  old  firm.  It  uses  only  the  best  flour 
brought  to  the  Philadelphia  market  and  the  brands  of  their  pro- 
ducts are  justly  celebrated  all  over  the  United  States,  and  both  as 
to  price  and  quality  the  firm  offers  substantial  inducements.  The 
company  has  extended  its  branches  to  Boston,  Mass.;  Providence, 
R.  I.;  Fall  River,  Mass.;  Worcester,  Mass.;  Washington,  D.  C; 
Trenton,  N.  J.;   Chester,  Pa.,  and  Wilmington,  Del. 

The  old  firm  of  Scott  &  Mason  was  first  established  in  1S44,  and 
was  conducted  with  but  very  indifferent  success.  Theodore  Wilson, 
then  a  clerk  in  the  employ  of  the  firm,  took  charge  of  the  office.  At 
that  time,  the  amount  of  flour  consumed  in  the  manufacture  of 
biscuits  and  similar  articles,  was  only  a  few  barrels  dailv,  but  by 
judicious  management,  untiring  zeal  and  business  ability,  he  so 
revived  the  trade  that  in  1S59  he  purchased  it  from  the  then  pro- 
prietors. The  breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War  gave  an  immense  im- 
petus to  the  business.  He  entered  into  large  contracts  with  the 
Government  for  supplying  the  Union  Army  with,  what  is  known 
by  every  soldier  and  sailor  as  "  Hard  Tack,  "  to  fulfill  which  he 
had  to  make  large  alterations  in  the  premises  and  purchase  imported 
machinery  of  the  very  latest  pattern  and  design. 

Mr.  Walter  G.  Wilson  enlisted  in  the  Union  Army,  and  after 
the  War  he  entered  into  partnership  with  his  father,  which  largely 
contributed  to  develop  the  trade  of  the  house.  Theodore  Wilson 
died  in  1S70,  leaving  the  business  to  his  son,  who  soon  after  took  into 
partnership  Joseph  L.  Amer,  a  former  clerk,  the  business  continuing 
under  the  firm  name  of  Theodore  Wilson  &  Co.  The  firm  estab- 
lished agencies  in  several  States  and  kept  their  force  of  travelling 
salesmen,  making  large  sales  in  most  every  city  of  note  in  the 
Union.  They  likewise  extended  their  city  trade  and  built  up  a  large 
export  trade   through    New  York  shipping  houses,  making  large 


shipments  of  their  goods  direct  to  the  West  Indies,  and  adjacent 
ports,  and  during  the  Franco-Prussian  War,  made  large  contracts  for 
supplying  the  French  Government  with  "  Hard  Tack  "  or  bread  for 
the  army.  Mr.  John  Y.  Huber,  the  President  of  this  Company,  is  an 
old  and  highly  respected  resident  of  Philadelphia,  and  stands  very 
high  in  business  circles  ;  he  is  able,  energetic  and  popular,  liberal 
as  well  as  honorable  in  all  his  transactions  and  well  merits  the 
substantial  success  he  is  achieving  in  his  many  undertakings. 


A.  M.  COLLINS  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY 

This  business  was  organized  in  1857,  when  Mr.  A.  M.  Collins 
commenced  the  making  of  cards  from  "Bristol  Board"  paper  in  two 
small  rooms,  corner  of  Callowhill  and  Twenty-fifth  streets. 

There  he  laid  the  foundation  of  his  future  success,  and  by  great 
energy  and  ability  advanced  the  business  to  considerable  promi- 
nence and  importance.  Demands  so  increased  that  larger  premises 
and  more  powerful  machinery  were  required,  so  in  1863  he  erected 
a  building  corner  of  Canal  and  Third  streets  of  four  stories,  75x30 
feet.  Here  the  best  and  most  costly  machinery  was  supplied,  the 
cost  of  apparatus  alone  reaching  over  $50,000.  A  few  figures  will 
give  some  idea  of  the  magnitude  of  the  business  :  Over  1800  barrels 
of  flour  are  used  annually.  Many  tons  of  paper  worked  up  dailv. 
Number  of  operatives  is  2S0.  An  important  feature  of  the  business 
is  the  designing  of  photographic  cards.  This  branch  received  a 
great  impetus  during  the  war,  a  soldier  would  leave  his  portrait 
with  friends  receiving  theirs  in  return.  The  average  sale  of  cards 
at  that  time  reached  over  one  million  a  month. 

In  1866,  Mr.  H.  H.  Collins,  sou  of  the  senior  member,  and  Mr. 
E.  Cope  were  admitted  as  partners  and  the  present  style  of  firm  was 
adopted.  In  1SS2  the  office  and  warerooms  were  removed  to  Arch 
street.  The  business  of  the  house  extends  not  only  throughout  the 
United  States,  Canada,  and  South  America,  but  to  the  West  Indies 
and  Japan.  The  United  States  Government  was  also  a  considerable 
customer  for  cards,  for  mounting  views  on  exploring  and  surveying 
expeditions.  The  house  unquestionably  stands  at  the  head  of  their 
line  of  business  both  for  quality  of  manufacture  and  promptness  in 
filling  large  orders,  and  is  one  of  those  of  whom  Philadelphia  can 
justly  feel  proud.  Mr.  Collins  is  a  director  iu  the  Philadelphia 
National  Bank,  and  is  generally  esteemed  for  all  those  qualities  that 
make  a  good  and  valuable  citizen. 


THE  BELMONT  IRON  WORKS 

The  Belmont  Iron  Works  are  situated  at  No.  2426  Washington 
avenue,  ami  were  established  and  incorporated  in  1873,  of  which 
Wm.  C.  L.  Huston  is  president.  Mr.  Walter  T.  Pharo  secretary  and 
treasurer,  and  Mr.  H.  B.  Hursh  is  general  manager,  all  of  whom 
are  thoroughly  experienced  and  practical  men.  The  Company  also 
has  offices  at  No.  132  Park  avenue,  New  York.  This  Company 
manufacture  in  wrought  iron  all  kinds  of  architectural,  ornamental, 
structural  iron,  and  artistic  iron  work.  Their  specialties  are  hand 
rails,  guard  rails,  iron  fences,  balustrades,  stairs,  frillers,  and  also 
guards  for  banks,  jails,  roofs,  insurance  companies  and  other  offi- 
ces of  a  public  nature.  Engineers  of  the  different  cities  in  the 
United  States  are  patrons  of  this  Company,  and  the  Company  pos- 
sesses everv  appliance  and  facility  for  carrying  out  and  manufactur- 
ing everything  in  this  line  according  to  pattern  and  specification 
in  connection  with  public  bridges,  iron  railroad  bridges,  etc.,  etc. 
The  railings  are  all  capped  with  the  rolled  and  drawn  steel  hand 
rail  and  is  the  best  finish  that  has  yet  been  found  for  bridge  rail- 
ings ;  ^  special  feature  is  that  the  hand  rail  is  sold  with  the  railings 
or  bv  itself  and  can  be  applied  to  any  railing  now  in  use,  it  is  true 
to  line,  is  stronger  than  any  other  wrought  or  cast  iron  rail,  and  is 
very  light  in  weight ;  rails  of  this  kind  and  which  have  been  in  con- 
stant use  for  over  fifteen  years  show  no  deterioration.  The  railings 
are  supplied  and  set  in  place  by  their  own  men  without  extra  charge 
in  Philadelphia  and  its  immediate  vicinity,  and  this  also  applies  to 
all  orders  exceeding  500  feet,  and  includes  the  cost  of  erection  in  any 
other  part  of  the  United  States. 

The  whole  of  the  plant  is  entirely  new  and  has  only  recently 
been  erected  by  the  Company.  It  is  all  of  the  newest  design  and 
latest  improvements,  and  the  Company  has  spared  no  expense  in 
obtaining  the  same,  thus  placing  them  in  a  position  to  supply  any 
demand  for  their  productions  equal  to  any  house  of  a  similar  char- 
acter in  the  United  States.  The  business  premises  consist  of  a  two- 
story  building  facing  Washington  avenue,  having  a  frontage  of  80 
feet  by  a  depth  of  1 10  feet,  together  also  with  a  blacksmith  shop 
and  forge  building  adjoining,  40  feet  by  60  feet.  The  Company  has 
continually  employed  a  force  of  50  men,  and  their  trade  extends  all 
over  the  United  States,  from  Maine  to  California. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


.MANUFACTURERS. 


PITTSBURGH  TESTING  LABORATORY 

The  engineering  specialty  which  the  Pittsburgh  Testing  Labora- 
tory represents,  -is  "Metallurgical  and  Inspecting  Engineers,"  and 
in  which,  for  ten  years  past,  it  lias  been  pre-eminent,  is  entirely 
based  upon  the  great  supremacy  of  Pennsylvania  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  iron.  The  new  census  reports  of  1S90  show  that  49  per  cent, 
of  the  pig  iron  product  and  52  per  cent,  of  the  steel  product  of  the 
United  States  is  made  in  the  Keystone  State.  These  figures  relate 
to  the  raw  material,  the  product  of  the  furnaces.  But  when  we 
come  to  consider  the  finished  products  in  iron  and  steel,  Pennsyl- 
vania's supremacy  is  even  more  notable.  The  census  reports  do 
not  clearly  show  that  So  per  cent,  of  the  structural  iron  and  steel 
and  an  equal  percentage  of  the  railroad  bridges  arc  the  product  of 
Pennsylvania's  industries  ;  yet  these  figures  are  estimated  to  closely 
represent  the  truth.  .More  than  that,  if  wc  were  to  include  in  these 
percentages  the  manufactures  in  the  adjacent  States  of  New  Jersey 
and  Ohio,  within  100  miles  of  Pennsylvania's  state  line,  these  fig- 
ures would  probably  rise  to  90  per  cent,  or  over. 

Pennsylvania's  structural   iron   and  steel,  and  Pennsyl- 
vania's bridges  go  to  all  parts  of  this  great  country,  and,  in-        ^— 
deed  to  all  the  countries  of  the  Western  Hemisphere. 

Now  there  is  110  work  which   civil   engineers  take   more 
pains  with  or  execute   with   more   scrupulous  care  than  they        jp 
devote  to  bridge  work.     Not  only  must  plans  '>e  calculated 
with  mathematical  accuracy  and  the  designs  elaborated  most  £2 

carefully  to  the  last  detail,  but  all  the  materials  used   in  con-         ag 
struction    must   he   tested   and  inspected  to  see  that  quality         jj| 
and  finish  are  right,  and  the  completed  bridge  members  must        j^J| 
also  be   examined   with   unusual   care   to  -ee   that  workman- 
ship and  proportion  are  precisely  as  planned. 

These  two  facts  :  Pennsylvania's  supremacy  111  iron,  and  the 
civil  engineer's  conscientous  care  in  his  bridge  work,  [instituted 
the  major  and  the  minor  premises  ,,11  which  the  proprietors  of  the 
Pittsburgh  Testing  Laboratory  concluded  to  start  business,  ten  years 
ago.  Thev  considered  that  it  was  clearly  impossible  for  engineers, 
all  over  this  broad  land,  to  give  up  home  duties  and  come  to  Penn- 
sylvania's workshops  whenever  there  was  a  bridge  to  build.  Hence 
it  was  likclv  that  many  engineers  would  be  -lad  to  do  tins  by  dep- 
utv.  if  thev  could  only  find  reliable  and  competent  deputies  for  their 
purpose. 

That  this  reasoning  was  correct  is  abundantly  proven  by  the 
fact  that  from  three  to  four  men  at  the  outset  conducted  the  busi- 
ness of  the  Laboratory  which  now  requires  from  thirty  to  forty 
skilled  men,  all  actively  engaged  as  inspectors  of  the  bridge  product 
of  Pennsylvania  and  near  by  States.  Many  thousand  tons  of  iron 
and  steel  pass  under  their  watchful  eyes  every  vear,  and  many  not- 
able bridges  are  the  better  for  the  care  they  bestow  on  them. 

Such  structures  as  the  Bismarck  Bridge,  the  Niagara  Cantilever 
Bridge,  the  notable  Poughkecpsie  Bridge,  the  Merchants'  Bridge  at 
St.  Louis,  the  great  bridge  over  the  Ohio  at  Cincinnati,  the  hand- 
some new  structure  over  the  same  river  at  Ccredo,  West  Va.,  now- 
building  for  the  Norfolk  &  Western  R.  R...  etc..  etc.,  are  indebted 
to  the  Laboratory's  care  for  no  inconsiderable  part  of  their  worth 
and  efficiency. 

The  home  of  the  Laboratory  and  ul  its  proprietors,  Messrs. 
Hunt  &  Clapp,  is  of  course  in  Pittsburgh.  The  Philadelphia  office, 
under  the  management  of  Mr.  Frederick  H.  Lewis,  C.  E.,  does  a 
business  which  rivals  that  of  the  parent  establishment. 

The  Laboratory  is  a  well  known  feature  of  the  eastern  iron  bus- 
iness, and  its  many  inspectors  arc  known  at  all  the  great  mills  and 
bridge  shops. 


JOHN  T.  LEWIS,  BROS.  &  CO. 

This  firm  was  established  as  manufacturers  of  White  Lead  in  the 
vear  iSiq.  when  Mordccai  Lewis  anil  Samuel  N.  Lewis  purchased 
of  Joseph  Richardson  a  white  lead  factory  established  by  him  on 
Pine  street  in  the  year  [S13. 

The  output  of  the  firm  the  first  year  was  100  tons,  which  was 
gradually  increased  till  in  the  year  1S40  it  amounted  to  1000  tons. 
About  the  year  1.N27  they  began  the  manufacture  of  Arctic  Acid  and 
in  1S30  that  of  Linseed  Oil.  In  1S49  they  purchased  a  lot  in  the 
Nineteenth  Ward  of  the  city,  having  a  front  of  630  feet  on  Duke 
street  and  360  feet  on  Huntington  street,  on  which  there  was  a  white 
lead  factory  in  operation. 

The  works  were  much  enlarged  and  in  addition  to  the  manu- 
facture of  white  lead,  linseed  oil  and  arctic  acid,  thev  began  the 
manufacture  of  red  seal,  orange  mineral,  acetate  of  lead,  and  at  a 
later  day  many  other  paints.  In  August,  1S56,  the  linn  of  M.  & 
S.  N.  Lewis,  which  had  continued  for  fifty  years  was  succeeded  by 
that  of  John  T.  Lewis  &  Brothers.  The  firm  was  composed  of 
John  T.  Saunders  and  George  T.  Lewis,  brothers  and  then  nephews 
of  the  senior  partners,  Samuel  L'.,John  T. ,  Jr..  and  William  P.  Lewis, 
Edward  1".    Beale,  Jr.,  and  Saunders  Lewis,  Jr. 

The  firm  was  incorporated  in  1KS9  as  John  T.  Lewis, Bros.  6c  Co. 


-   ^  M.it   t.  r^JiL."*  ■'■■     '■■■  ''==-"    "^-^Sir^n 


T.   Lev 


iROS.   Jc,   CuMPa 


The  present  officers  arc.  E.  F.  Beale.  Jr..  President,  and  Woodruff 
Jones.  Secretary  and  Treasurer.  The  premises  on  East  Thompson 
and  Fast  Huntington  streets  cover  an  area  of  seven  acres.  The.  arc 
to-day  the  largest  manufacturers  and  dealers  in  linseed  oil  in  Phila- 
delphia as  well  as  the  largest  exporters  of  oil  cake.  They  have  ac- 
quired a  national  reputation  and  their  trade  in  paint  and  colors  ex- 
tends over  all  the  United  Slates.  Messrs.  E.  N.  Beale.  Jr.  and  Mr. 
Jones  have  long  been  connected  with  the  business. 

The  high  reputation  established  by  the  old  firm  for  the  purity 
and  general  excellence  of  their  products  has  been  fully  maintained 
by  their  successors  and  the  goods  having  their  trade  mark  are 
everywhere  regarded  as  among  the  best  in  the  country,  and 
endorsed  by  the  United  Stales  Government  as  a  standard  article. 
The  counting  bouse  of  the  Company  is  still  continued  at  231  South 
Front  street,  being  the  original  location  of  the  old  firm  of  M.  &  S. 
N.  Lewis  in  1807,  a  period  of  eighty-two  years,  a  circumstance 
rarely  if  ever  met  with  in  the  census  annals  of  the   United  Stales. 

Telegraph  communication,  now  supplanted  by  the  telephone, 
was  in  tbccarlv  davs  established  between  the  office  and  railway,  and 
in  all  their  undertakings  the  house  has  ever  iieen  in  the  advance  in 
all  that  pertains  to  the  improvement  of  their  manufacture  and  ill 
the  interest  of  their  patrons.  The  Company  are  direct  importers  of 
linseed  oil  from  Calcutta,  chartering  and  loading  vessels  on  their 
own  account. 

In  the  year  r;S7  Mordccai  Lewis  who  prior  to  [S07  had  been 
engaged  in  business  sold  to  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital  1200  pounds 
of°English  white  lead  for  ,{.34  Sterling.  Mordccai  Lewis  was 
Treasurer  of  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital  from  17S0  to  1799,  in  this 
position  he  was  succeeded  by  his  brother  Joseph  N.  Lewis,  who 
served  from  1799  to  1S26,  then  succeeded  by  S.  N.  Lewis  who  held 
the  position  until  1S41,  when  he  in  turn  was  succeeded  by  John  T. 
Lewis.  This  position  of  trust  ami  honor  has  been  held  by  the 
Lewis  familv  for  more  than  one  hundred  years,  without  compensa- 
tion and  with  faithful  and  conscientious  discharge  of  the  trust  com- 
mitted to  them. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA NS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THE  ALLISON  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY 

W.  C.  Allison,  president  of  the  Allison  Manufacturing  Com- 
pany, was  bom  of  Quaker  parents  in  Chester  county,  Penna.,  in 
1817.  His  education  was  obtained  in  the  village  school  during  the 
winter  months,  supplemented  by  study  in  the  night  school.  He 
was  early  apprenticed  to  a  wheelwright,  and  after  his  apprenticeship 
expired  continued  his  trade  as  a  journeyman.  Acquiring  a  small 
amount  of  money  he  came  to  Philadelphia  w-here  he  soon  secured 
employment.  In  his  nineteenth  year  he  commenced  the  making 
of  wagons  on  his  own  account  on  Broad  near  Vine  street. 

A  few  years  later  he  formed  a  partnership  with  a  relative  and 
they  enlarged  their  business. 

In   1840-41,   when  steam   railways   were   in   their  infancv,   a 
demand  for  rolling  stock  was  created.      Mr.  Allison  saw  his  oppor- 
tunity and  without  a  moment's  delay,  eagerly  availed  himself  of  it. 
He  turned   his  attention  to   car 
building — a  pursuit  he  still  suc- 
cessfully follows — but  on  an  en- 
larged scale. 

In  185 1  he  formed  a  part- 
nership with  John  Murphy,  un- 
der the  firm  name  of  Murphv  & 
Allison,  and  the  manufacture  of 
cars  was  pushed  forward  with 
great  energy.  They  were  for 
many  years  the  only  car  builders 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  did  most 
of  the  work  for  the  large  trans- 
portation companies  between 
Philadelphia  and  Pittsburg;  as 
well  as  for  the  West  Chester  X: 
Philadelphia  and  the  German- 
town  &  Norristown  Railroads. 
When  the  Pennsylvania  Rail- 
road was  completed,  and  the  al- 
teration of  the  State  road  made, 
by  which  the  terminus  was  re- 
moved to  Market  street,  the  firm 
erected  their  shops  on  Market 
street  west  of  Nineteenth  ;  se- 
cured the  best  machinery  attain- 
able, and  did  an  enormous  and 
constantly  increasing  business, 
which  necessitated  from  time  to 
time  additions  and  improve- 
ments to  their  already  large 
plant.  Here  were  built  the  first 
really  comfortable  cars  run  over 
any  road,  and  they  had  the  honor 
of  "  turning  out "  the  first  sleep- 
ing car  built  in  the  United 
States ;  in  addition  to  steam  cars  they  built  cars  for  city  railroads — 
their  export  business  in  this  line  alone  being  very  extensive. 

About  this  time  they  became  the  proprietors  of  the  "Girard 
Tube  Works,"  on  the  Schuylkill  river,  at  the  Filbert  street  wharf, 
and  added  to  their  ventures  the  manufacture  of  butt-welded  gas  and 
steam  pipes.  It  proved  a  brilliant  success,  as  the  works  were  the 
third  of  their  kiud  in  the  country.  The  first  trial  came  to  the  firm 
in  May,  1863,  when  their  car  works  were  destroyed  by  fire,  entail- 
ing a  heavy  loss,  as  they  had  on  hand  at  the  time  an  immense  stock 
of  material,  and  large  contracts  with  the  Government  and  principal 
roads.  Among  the  property  destroyed  was  a  palace  car,  the  first 
ever  built,  which  had  been  constructed  for  the  use  of  the  President 
of  the  United  States  (Abraham  Lincoln). 

Nothing  daunted,  the  firm  leased  the  large  building  of  the 
Architectural  Iron  Works  Company,  Thirty-first  and  Locust  streets, 
and  within  two  months  were  again  building  cars.  About  this  time 
they  purchased  the  property,  and  located  the  present  works,  which 
they  occupied  in  1864,  and  which  were  conceded  to  be  the  largest 
and  finest  in  the  country,  having  a  capacity  for  producing  two  large 


passenger  coaches,  six  city  passenger  cars  and  thirty-five  freight 
cars  a  week. 

The  firm  ceased  building  passenger  cars  in  1S66,  adopting  in 
its  place  a  new  branch  of  the  trade,  making  lap-welded  iron  tubing, 
boiler  flues,  gas,  oil  and  artesian  tubing  and  casing,  the  demand 
for  which  had  become  enormous.  In  the  meantime,  however,  Mr. 
Murphy  died,  and  Mr.  Allison's  two  sons,  J.  W.  &  T.  E.  Allison, 
who  had  been  for  many  years  connected  with  the  business  in  vari- 
ous capacities,  were  taken  into  partnership,  and  forming  the  firm 
of  W.  C.  Allison  &  Sons. 

They  at  once  proceeded  to  enlarge  their  capacity  by  erecting 
new  buildings,  but  on  July  25,  1872,  the  fire  fiend  again  visited 
them,  destroying  nearly  the  whole  establishment.  But  the  firm 
knew  no  such  word  as  "fail,"  and  while  their  new  buildings  were 
in  the  course  of  construction,  they  occupied  their  old  quarters,  at 
Thirty-first  and  Locust  streets.  May  1,  1873,  they  took  possession 
of  their  new  plant,  which  they 
have  since  occupied. 

The  Allison  Manufacturing 
Company  was  incorporated  Sep- 
tember, 18S3.  The  officers  of 
the  Company  are :  W.  C.  Alli- 
son, president ;  James  O'Neill, 
treasurer  ;  L.  J.  Piers,  secretary  ; 
F.  R.  Tobey,  purchasing  agent. 
The  Company  now  emplov 
some  1500  men  (many  of  whom 
have  been  employed  by  the  pres- 
ent Company  and  their  prede- 
cessors, terms  varying  from  25 
to  40  years)  who,  with  the  ex- 
cellent facilities,  are  enabled  to 
turn  out  a  train  of  twenty  to 
twenty-five  cars  per  day.  The 
works  cover  over  14  acres  of 
ground,  8  acres  of  which  are 
covered  with  buildings,  ranging 
in  height  from  one  to  three 
stories.  They  front  on  Chest- 
nut street,  between  Thirtv-first 
and  Thirty-second  streets,  (offi- 
ces at  Thirty-second  and  Wal- 
nut streets)  extending  south  to 
Spruce  street,  and  east  to  the 
Schuylkill  river,  where  they  have 
large  wharf  frontage  with  piers 
and  cranes  for  heavy  shipping. 
The  works  are  traversed  by 
over  nine  miles  of  railroad 
tracks,  broad  and  narrow  gauge, 
and,  equipped  with  nearly  three 
hundred  cars  and  several  loco- 
motives, they  have  facilities  for  manufacturing  from  $2,000,000  to 
$3,000,000  worth  of  cars  annually,  as  well  as  $1,300,000  to  $2,000,000 
annually  of  iron  tubing.  The  quality  and  finish  of  these  goods 
have  been  maintained  of  such  unvarying  standard  that  the  "Alli- 
son" is  recognized  as  the  best  tube  made  in  the  L'nitcd  States. 
In  addition  to  the  work  already  outlined,  the  Company  is  pre- 
pared to  contract  for  working  of  all  kinds  of  lumber,  by  carload  or 
cargo,  also  iron  work  for  cars,  bridges  and  building. 

The  business  is  divided  into  eighteen  separate  and  distinct 
departments,  each  in  charge  of  an  efficient  head,  who  has  his  own 
office  and  clerks.  The  many  different  buildiugs  and  wharves  are 
connected  by  railways,  and  the  works  are  so  situated  as  to  permit 
goods  to  be  received  from  and  shipped  to  all  parts  of  the  couutry 
without  reloading. 

Such  is  the  result  of  one  of  our  self-made  citizens,  conscientious 
application  to  business,  to  which  he  thoroughly  devoted  himself 
and  which  he  has  built  up  and  maintained  as  one  of  the  first  enter- 
prises of  this  great  manufacturing  center,  by  his  energy,  honor  and 
integrity. 


123 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


AMERICAN  PIPE  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY 

The  American  Pipe  Manufacturing  Co.  was  originally  estab- 
lished in  Philadelphia  in  1886,  but  it  was  not  until  January  51st, 
1889,  that  it  was  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  New- 
Jersey,  with  an  authorized  capital  of  :Ji, 000,000,  of  which  S425,ooo 
was  paid  in.  It  is  one  of  the  largest  and  most  enterprising 
companies  of  its  kind  in  the  country,  and  by  able  and  efficient 
management  the  success  attained  has  been  very  satisfactory. 
Properly  speaking,  the  business  of  the  company  is  two  distinct  and 
separate  branches,  one  being  the  manufacture  of  pipe  for  water, 
gas,  and  other  underground  uses — the  other,  building  and  erecting 
complete  systems  of  water-works  for  cities,  towns  and  villages. 
The  latter  is  by  no  means  the  lesser  of  the  two,  in  fact  it  is  probably 
the  greater,  as  the  construction  of  works  is  attended  oftentimes 
with  considerable  trouble,  and  engineering  difficulties  which  must 
be  overcome  to  meet  with  success.  In  addition  to  the  manufacture 
of  pipe,  and  the  construction  of  water  and  other  works,  the  com- 
pany will  build  works  upon  the  franchise  being  duly  awarded  to 
them  by  ordinances,  and  either  operate  them,  or  lease,  or  sell  them 
on  such  terms  as  may  be  convenient  to  the  towns  or  cities  in  which 
they  have  been  built.  The  company's  specialty  in  the  manufactur- 
ing line  is  the  "  Phipps  Hydraulic  Pipe;"  no  better  pipe  for  all 
underground  conduits  has  ever  been  offered  to  the  public.  To 
obtain  a  clear  conception  of  its  great  superiority  over  all  others  it 
will  be  necessary  to  describe  it  in  detail  and  show  the  advantages  it 
possesses.  The  pipe  is  manufactured  of  pure  cement,  and  the  best 
quality  of  wrought  iron  or  steel,  and  is  made  to  withstand  anv 
pressure  required  of  it.  It  has  the  advantage  of  delivering  the 
water  pure  to  the  consumers,  and  the  merit  of  being  placed  in  the 
trench  in  a  finished  state.  It  is  laid  similarly  to  cast-iron  pipe,  and 
is  more  durable,  its  diameter  never  decreasing.  The  sizes  range 
from  four  inches  in  diameter  upwards.  The  construction  of  the 
pipe  is  so  arranged  as  to  offer  the  advantages  referred  to.  The  inner 
wrought  iron  which  gives  the  pipe  the  great  strength  being  em- 
bedded in  pure  cement,  is  absolutely  preserved  from  rust  or  decay, 
which  answers  the  question  of  durability  ;  being  non-corrosive,  its 
diameter  remains  unimpaired  by  use  or  age.  The  pipe  is  joined  In- 
male  and  female  rings,  and  ends  thoroughly  cemented  and  covered 
by  wrought  iron  sleeves,  and  again  covered  by  cement,  making  the 
joint  complete.  The  simplicity  and  light  cost  of  making  the  joints 
is  a  feature  in  its  use  that  cannot  be  overlooked.  The  pipe  being 
covered  with  a  wrought  iron  jacket  and  iron  ends,  has  the  advantage 
over  all  other  composite  pipes  of  being  handled  without  damage, 
and  can  be  transported  by  rail  or  water,  as  occasion  may  require. 

As  the  diameter  of  the  pipe  is  increased  the  gauge  of  the  inner 
cylinder  of  wrought  iron  is  increased,  so  that  any  strength  may  be 
obtained.  In  short,  this  pipe  is  a  riveted  wrought  iron  pipe  pre- 
served from  oxidation  by  cement  instead  of  the  inferior  coatings  of 
galvanizing,  asphalt  or  coal  tar.  To  conclude  and  point  out  the 
advantages  referred  to  it  becomes  necessary  to  state  the  great  objec- 
tion to  the  use  of  cast-iron. :  The  oxidation  to  which  they  are  sub- 
ject and  which  produces  the  following  results,  diminishing  the  size 
and  capacity  of  the  pipe,  increases  frictional  resistance,  diminish 
the  discharge,  and  so  impregnate  the  water  with  hydrous  oxide  of 
iron,  as  often  to  color  it.  Every  engineer  is  conversant  with  these 
facts.  It  may  be  possible,  however,  that  many  persons  interested 
in  building  water-works  are  not  aware  to  what  extent  this  oxida- 
tion takes  place  and  therefore  do  not  realize  the  importance  of 
selecting  the  proper  kind  of  pipe  for  their  mains.  As  people 
advance  in  intelligence  the  question  of  clear,  pure  water  is  more 
and  more  thought  of,  and  a  pipe  that  can  easily  and  quickly  be  clear 
of  deposits  by  Hushing  is  much  more  desirable  than  one  which 
must  become  more  and  more  foul  by  the  accumulation  of  sediment 
and  deposits  which  the  incrustations  accumulate  and  prevent  from 


being  carried  out  when  the  pipes  arc  being  washed.  Cement  con- 
duits date  back  to  the  beginning  of  the  Christian  era,  and  the  same 
ones  are  in  use  to-day,  showing  the  durability  of  cement.  Before 
the  organization  of  the  American  Pipe  Manufacturing  Company 
the  use  of  wrought  iron  and  cement  pipe  was  confined  mostlv  to 
the  towns  and  cities  of  the  New  England  States,  and  very  little  was 
known  of  it  outside  of  that  locality.  Of  course  many  such  places 
like  New  Haven,  Conn.,  Laconia  and  Lake  Village,  N.  H.,  Danbury, 
Conn.,  Manchester,  N.  H.,  Wakefield,  Mass.,  had  been  enjoying 
the  advantages  for  years,  but  as  it  was  a  local  manufacture,  it  was 
mostly  confined  to  such  localities.  Since  the  American  Pipe 
Manufacturing  Company  have  been  engaged  in  manufacturing  this 
pipe  they  have  constructed  many  water-works,  the  piping  system 
being  exclusively  laid  with  their  pipe  varying  in  quantity  from  5 
to  40  miles  in  each  works,  and  either  own  stock  in  or  control  the 
majority  of  them,  among  which  are  the  works  located  at  Derry, 
Pa.;  Moorestown,  Rivertou  and  Palmyra,  N.  J.;  Greensburg,  Irwin, 
Ridley  Park  and  Swarthmore,  Pa.;  Skaueateles  and  Jordan,  N.  Y.; 
Tallahassee,  Florida;  Greenwich,  Alabama;  Greenville,  S.  C; 
Dawson,  Georgia,  and  many  others  scattered  about  the  country. 

The  works  at  Greensburg,  Pa.,  was  a  verv  large  and  expensive 
system,  consisting  of  two  stone  drains,  two  storage  reservoirs  of  a 
capacity  of  184,000,000  gallons  of  water,  and  two  distributing  reser- 
voirs of  1,000,000  and  2,000,000  gallons  respectively,  and  over  40 
miles  of  pipe  varying  in  size  from  4  inches  to  iS  inches  in  diameter, 
with  expensive  tunnels  and  deep  cuts  embracing  many  difficult 
features.  Next  perhaps  in  size  is  the  works  just  completed  at 
Greenville,  S.  C.  This  water  is  storeil  in  the  Paris  Mountain  by 
means  of  a  masonary  dam  45  feet  high,  and  the  water  carried  7  miles 
to  the  city  through  a  [2-inch  pipe,  with  heads  varying  from  40  to 
130  pounds  pressure. 


JOSEPH  OAT  &  SONS 

Prominent  among  the  industries  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  is 
the  firm  of  Joseph  Oat  &  Sons,  manufacturers  of  copper,  brass  and 
sheet  iron  goods.  General  machinists  and  designers.  The  factory 
is  a  five  story  brick  building,  Nos.  22S,  230,  232  and  234  Quarry 
street,  fitted  up  and  designed  with  the  latest  improved  machinery, 
in  which  about  one  hundred  and  twenty-rive  hands  are  employed. 
The  firm  was  established  in  17S8  by  Joseph  Oat  &  Sons  and  carried 
on  bv  them  up  to  March  1,  1884.  Mr.  Joseph  Oat  died  about  the 
year  1889  at  the  age  of  ninety-three  years,  and  on  March  1,  18S4, 
Mr.  Chas.  Oat  Beaumont  succeeded  to  the  business.  The  firm 
enters  into  large  contracts  and  supplies  goods  for  sugar  refineries, 
plantations,  distilleries,  chemical  works,  etc.,  and  has  business  con- 
nections all  over  the  States  and  Territories,  and  also  has  fitted  out 
the  cruisers,  Baltimore,  Philadelphia  and  other  war  vessels  for  the 
United  States  Government.  The  business  under  the  able  manage- 
ment of  Mr.  Beaumont  is  conducted  on  sound  business  principles 
and  with  ability,  capacity  and  foresight  with  a  thorough  knowledge 
of  the  requirements  of  their  patrons.  The  success  attending  the 
operations  of  this  enterprising  firm  has  been  steady  and  continuous 
and  to-day  they  occupy  a  prominent  position  in  the  trade.  The 
supplies  furnished  by  them  comprise  everything  in  copper,  brass, 
sheet  iron,  steel,  etc.,  and  are  of  a  character  that  recommend  their 
own  superior  merits  to  the  confidence  of  close  and  critical  buyers. 
Their  prices  to  the  trade  are  in  every  respect  reasonable  and  the 
workmanshp  is  guaranteed  to  be  of  the  finest.  The  working  stock 
carried  by  the  firm  is  about  540,000. 

Mr.  Beaumont  is  well  known  as  a  thorough  practical  mechanic, 
gives  all  his  time  and  attention  to  the  business  and  is  well  known 
and  highly  respected  in  business  circles. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


J.  E.  CALDWELL  &  CO. 

Among  the  great  emporiums  scattered  along  Philadelphia's 
chief  thoroughfare  like  so  many  monuments  to  mark  the  citv's 
wealth  and  commercial  importance,  the  house  of  Messrs.  J.  E. 
Caldwell  &  Co.  is  pre-eminent  in  all  that  pertains  to  every  branch 
of  the  jewelry  and  silversmith's  business.  The  firm,  one  of  the 
oldest  in  this  line  in  the  United  States,  and  perhaps  the  oldest  in 
its  continuous  firm  name,  was  founded  in  183S  by  James  E.  Cald- 
well. From  the  beginning  the  house  acquired  a  reputation  for 
enterprise  and  honorable  dealing  and  firmly  established  itself  in 
popular  favor. 

Mr.  Caldwell  first  associated  with  himself  Mr.  Bennett,  under 
the  firm  name  of  Bennett  &  Caldwell.  On  May  1,  184S,  the  firm 
of  J.  E.  Caldwell  &  Co.  was  organized,  consisting  of  J.  E.  Caldwell 
and  John  C.  Farr. 

In  May,  1S56,  Mr.  Farr  retired,  and  Messrs.  Edwin  Langton 
and  Richard  A.  Lewis  became  Mr.  Caldwell's  partners.  In  1866 
Mr.  Langton  retired,  Mr.  Cald- 
well and  Mr.  Lewis  continuing 
the  business  until  the  following 
year,  when  Messrs.  J.  Albert 
Caldwell,  Joseph  H.  Brazier  and 
George  W.  Banks  were  admitted 
members  of  the  firm.  A  few 
years  later  Mr.  Hugh  B.  Houston 
was  admitted  and  the  firm  was 
continued  until  1S75,  when  Mr. 
Lewis  retired  from  active  par- 
ticipation in  the  business.  Two 
years  later  Mr.  Banks  retired, 
and  Mr.  Frederic  Shaw  and  Mr. 
Richard  N.  Caldwell,  a  younger 
son  of  Mr.  James  E.  Caldwell, 
became  partners  in  the  house. 
Mr.  James  E.  Caldwell,  the 
founder  of  the  house,  died  in 
1S81,  after  a  long  and  useful 
career,  leaving  a  highly  hon- 
ored and  respected  name  in  the 
commercial  annals  of  the  city. 
The  firm  was  then  con- 
tinued by  Messrs.  J.  Albert 
Caldwell,  Joseph  M.  Brazier, 
H.  B.  Houston,  Frederic  Shaw, 
Richard  N.  Caldwell  and  James 
Riley. 

January  1,  1891,  Mr.  Rich- 
ard N.  Caldwell,  who  was  held 
in  the  highest  esteem,  died. 

Messrs.  Caldwell  &  Co.'s  es- 
tablishment at  902  Chestnut 
street,  constructed  of  white  mar- 
ble, is  a  very  handsome  build- 
ing, thirty-three  feet  front  on  Chestnut  street  by  two  hundred  and 
thirty-five  feet  in  depth,  four  stories  in  height  and  basement,  five 
floors  in  all,  in  which  the  different  departments  of  the  business  are 
conducted. 

The  interior  fittings  and  furnishings  are  inharmonious  keeping 
with  the  magnificent  display  and  valuable  stock.  Messrs.  J.  E. 
Caldwell  &  Co.  was  the  first  house  in  Philadelphia  among  jewelers 
to  introduce  and  establish  the  one  price  system  which  has  become 
so  popular  as  the  only  fair  and  just  method  of  dealing.  It  was  also 
one  of  the  first  firms  to  introduce  and  perfect  the  system  of  shorter 
and  regular  hours  in  business,  resulting  finally  in  the  early  closing 
movement,  now  so  general,  especially  in  the  summer  season. 

The  firm  have  acquired  a  national  reputation  for  their  elegant 

designs  in  silverware,  which  have  been  presented  on  many  occasions 

as  testimonials  for  distinguished  services  and  kindly  remembrance. 

In  this  as  well  as  in  the  manufacture  of  jewelry  and  ornaments 

generally  to   meet  the   requirements  of   the   most  refined   taste, 


designers  and  artisans  of  the  highest  order  of  merit  are  engaged, 
and  it  is  safe  to  say  .their  productions  are  not  excelled  in  America. 
The  stock  of  the  firm  is  carried  on  different  floors  of  the  spacious 
building,  and  comprises  every  article  for  personal  and  home  adorn- 
ment and  use,  in  every  form  of  beauty  and  device  that  has  been 
conceived.  It  is  not  our  intention  to  describe  the  magnificent  col- 
lection of  elegant  goods  to  be  found  in  every  department.  The 
salesrooms  of  the  firm  are  always  open  to  the  visitor,  and  courteous 
salesmen  show  and  describe  with  pleasure  the  merits  and  value  of 
any  article  required.  Diamonds  and  precious  stones,  fine  watches, 
objects  of  art,  such  as  marble  statuary,  bronzes,  fine  porcelain, 
modern  and  antique  cabinet  furniture  in  choice  and  rare  woods, 
decorated  lamps,  fancy  goods,  and  an  almost  endless  variety  of 
miscellaneous  articles  are  to  be  found  in  the  stock. 

The  firm  have  lately  added  a  department  for  the  exhibition  of 
paintings  in  oil  and  water  colors,  upon  the  second  floor  of  the  build- 
ing, in  which  the  works  of  the  leading  artists  are  a  source  of  public 
attraction. 

The  members  of  the  firm 
devote  personal  attention  and 
direction  to  every  detail  of  the 
business,  which  is  continually 
growing  and  extending  to  all 
sections  of  the  United  States, 
and  is  to-day  the  leading  repre- 
sentative jewelry  house  in  Penn- 
sylvania. With  long  experience, 
sound  judgment,  refined  taste, 
they  always  keep  in  advance, 
seeking  in  every  way  to  pro- 
mote any  enterprise  which  has 
for  its  object  the  advancement 
of  Philadelphia. 


J.  E.  Caldwell 


CHARLES  PERKES 

Manufacturer  of  plumber 
supplies,  etc.,  has  the  distinc- 
tion of  being  one  of  the  oldest, 
if  not  the  oldest  manufacturer 
of  engineers' and  plumbers' sup- 
plies, gas  and  steam  fittings, 
steamship  and  brewers'  brass 
work,  patent  soil  pumps,  testing 
pumps,  patent  air  pumps,  as 
well  as  a  dealer  in  all  sanitary 
specialties. 

Mr.  Perkes  established  his 
business  in  this  city  in  the 
year  1S56  on  Sansom  street, 
finally  seeking  more  commodi- 
ous quarters  at  627  Arch  street, 
his  present  place  of  business.  His  premises  are  32  by  166  feet,  four 
stories  in  height,  devoted  to  manufacturing,  store  and  salesrooms. 
He  employs  forty-five  hands,  under  his  own  personal  supervision, 
turning  out  the  highest  class  of  work,  for  which  his  reputation  is 
not  surpassed  in  city  or  country. 

For  nearly  fifty  years  Mr.  Perkes  has  given  his  undivided  atten- 
tion and  energy  to  the  development  of  his  business,  experimenting 
with  and  adopting  every  improvement  that  seems  likely  to  be  of 
benefit  to  conducting  the  various  branches  of  his  trade.  Beginning 
in  a  small  way  his  business  has  extended  on  the  merits  of  his  work. 
He  has  added  from  time  to  time  improved  machinery  and  appli- 
ances, and  holds  himself  in  the  front  rank  with  his  contemporaries 
in  the  trade  in  prices  and  quality.  His  long  experience  and  thorough 
knowledge  of  all  details  enables  him  to  give  the  closest  estimates 
on  contracts.  He  confines  his  business  to  wholesale  dealers,  gas 
and  water  companies,  etc.,  and  is  highly  regarded  in  the  business 
community  as  an  honorable,  high-minded  gentleman. 


1 25 


PHILADELPHIA  AND   POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THE  WILMINGTON  DENTAL  MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY 

Philadelphia  is  recognized  the  world  over  as  the  home  of  den- 
tistry. Not  onlv  are  the  largest  schools  of  this  young  but  rapidly 
growing  profession  located  here,  sending  their  graduates  annually 
to  every  portion  of  the  world,  but  here  also  are  located  all  the  lead- 
ing manufacturers  of  porcelain  teeth  and  dental  supplies. 

Among  the  largest  concerns  in  this  branch  of  industry  is  that  of 
the  Wilmington  Dental  Manufacturing  Company,  whose  principal 
offices  are  located  at  Nos.  141 1  and  1413  Filbert  street.  This  Com- 
pany has  had  a  wonderful  and  phenomenal  growth.  Their  business 
of  manufacturing  porcelain  teeth,  their  most  extensive  product,  was 
started  in  this  city  by  Dr.  Shelp  in  the  early  sixties,  he  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Dr.  J.  R.  Tantum,  who  transferred  the  factory  to  Wil- 
mington, Delaware.  In  18S2  the  business  was  incorporated  under 
the  name  of  the  Wilmington  Dental  Manufacturing  Company,  and 
from  that  date  commenced  the  rapid  growth  of  the  house  which 
to-day  is  rapidlv  approaching  the  $1,000,000  mark. 

The  officers  of  the  Company  are:  J.  F.  Frantz,  M.  D.,  presi- 
dent; S.  J.  Willey,  vice-president  ;  J.  R.  Moore,  secretary  ;  and  H. 
C.  Robinson,  treasurer. 

This  Companv  also  has  an  extensive  factory  in  New  York  City, 
where  they  manufacture  tools  and  dental  instruments  of  every 
description.  Owing  to  the  immense  growth  of  their  business  and 
in  order  to  facilitate  business,  they  have  branch  houses  for  dis- 
tributing their  products  at  No.  1300  Broadway,  New  York,  and  No. 
7S  State  street,  Chicago. 

All  of  the  officers  and  members  of  this  Company  are  practical 
men  and  understand  the  business  in  every  detail,  they  having  vir- 
tually grown  up  in  this  line  so  to  speak.  This  practical 
knowledge  of  their  business,  square  dealing  and  manufacturing  the 
highest  grade  of  goods  possible,  make  their  phenomenal  success 
nothing  to  wonder  at. 

This  Companv  arc  also  publishers  of  the  largest  journal  in  the 
world  devoted  to  dental  science,  art  and  literature,  known  as  [terns 
of  Interest.  This  journal  is  recognized  in  Philadelphia  as  the  lead- 
ing exponent  in  everything  pertaining  to  dentistry,  and  circulates 
wherever  English  speaking  dentists  are  found. 


STEPHENS,  ARMSTRONG  &  CONKLING 

The  Citv  of  Philadelphia  has  erected  within  its  limits  during 
the  last  quarter  of  a  century,  some  of  the  finest  public  buildings, 
stores  and  residences  that  can  be  found  anywhere  in  the  United 
States,  and  is  rapidly  going  ahead  in  improvements  in  architectural 
terra  cotta  used  in  the  display  of  its  better  class  of  edifices. 

We  introduce  to  our  readers  the  firm  of  Stephens,  Armstrong  & 
Colliding,  manufacturers  of  Architectural  Terra  Cotta.  The  firm  is 
composed  of  George  F.  Stephens,  Henry  G.  Stephens,  Thomas  F 
Armstrong  and  Ira  L.  Colliding.  Their  trade  is  local,  suburban 
and  all  over  the  United  States,  ever  enlarging,  popular  with  the 
general  public  and  deservedly  increasing  in  volume  and  importance, 
the  manufacture  of  which  is  truly  an  art,  requiring  originality  of 
conception,  technical  training,  patient  endeavor,  assiduous  and 
intelligent  application,  and  the  very  acme  of  expert  workmanship 
to  secure  an  artistic  totality  of  admirable  and  enduring  qualities — 
there  not  being  more  than  about  six  successful  manufacturers  of 
Architectural  Terra  Cotta  in  the  United  States.  The  factory  of  the 
firm  is  located  at  Forty-sixth  street  and  Girard  avenue,  fronting  on 
the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  track,  a  large  brick  building  100x150 
feet  at  which  place  about  100  hands  are  employed.  They  also  have 
a  branch  office  at  No.  176  Broadway,  New  York.  The  goods  man- 
ufactured by  this  firm  arc  exclusively  from  architectural  designs, 
specimens  of  which  can  be  seen  in  the  following  buildings  :  Drexcl 
Institute,  Thirty-second  and  Chestnut  streets  ;  University  of  Penn- 


sylvania, Thirty-fourth  and  Locust  streets  ;  Hotel  Waldorf,  Thirty- 
third  street  and  Fifth  avenue,  New  York,  for  W.  W.  Astor  ;  Forrest 
Hotel,  Lakcwood,  N.  J.;  Department  house  belonging  to  Levi  P. 
Morton,  Fourteenth  and  H  streets,  Washington,  D.  C;  Granville 
B.  Haines  building,  Ninth  and  Market  streets  ;  Provident  Life 
Insurance  Company  building,  Fourth  and  Walnut  streets;  Col.  A. 
K.  McClure,  Nineteenth  and  Spruce  streets;  Polyclinic  Hospital, 
Nineteenth  and  Lombard  streets  ;  Baldwin  Locomotive  Works, 
Italian  Chapel,  Bingham  House,  Warner  Building,  Camden  National 
Bank,  and  many  others  too  numerous  to  mention. 

Messrs.  Geo.  F.  Stephens  and  Henry  G.  Stephens  are  members 
of  the  Art  Club,  the  former  also  belongs  to  the  Society  of  American 
Artists  in  this  city.  All  the  members  of  the  firm  are  well  known  to 
the  leading  architects  of  the  city,  and  stand  very  high  in  the  esti- 
mation of  those  with  whom  thev  have  business  relations. 


S.  S.  STEWART 


Philadelphia  has  the  proud  distinction  of  owning  the  largest 
and  best  establishment  for  the  manufacturing  of  banjos  in  the  world. 
Stewart's  banjos  have  a  world-wide  reputation,  and  the  name  is  all 
the  endorsement  these  excellent  instruments  need.  The  maker  of 
these  famed  banjos  is  S.  Swaim  Stewart,  the  oldest  living  son  of  Dr. 
Franklin  Stewart,  and  grandson  of  Thomas  J.  Stewart,  who  was 
appraiser  of  the  Port  of  Philadelphia  under  President  James  Mon- 
roe. Mr.  Stewart  was  born  in  this  city  January  S,  1S55,  and  at  the 
age  of  twelve  began  the  study  of  music,  first  taking  up  the  violin 
and  piano.  Prof.  Carl  Gaertncr  being  among  his  tutors.  His  intro- 
duction to  the  banjo  took  place  at  the  Eleventh  Street  Opera  House, 
where  Lew  Simmons  was  nightly  delighting  crowds  of  charmed 
listeners.  He  took  a  great  liking  to  the  instrument,  and,  purchas- 
ing a  tack  head  banjo,  attempted  to  play  upon  it.  His  parents  did 
not  look  with  favor  upon  the  instrument  ami  gave  the  ambitious 
musician  no  encouragement,  and  as  the  banjo  on  which  he  prac- 
ticed was  so  poor  in  quality,  he  became  discouraged,  gave  it  up  and 
returned  to  his  music  and  violin  studies.  About  1N72  he  renewed 
his  interest  in  the  banjo,  having  heard  Lew  Brimmer  play  the  "Bell 
Chimes,"  and  believing  there  was  something  more  in  the  instru- 
ment than  had  yet  been  brought  out.  To  follow  Mr.  Stewart's 
desire  to  "learn  to  play"  would  lie  useless.  He  possessed  a  natural 
aptitude  for  playing  upon  instruments,  and  after  a  few  lessons 
under  George  C.  Dobson  of  Boston  and  Joseph  Rickctt  of  Phila- 
delphia, he  displayed  rare  ability,  and  after  having  become  an  expert 
performer,  set  to  work  to  improve  the  sphere  of  its  music,  and 
adopting  and  arranging  a  better  grade  of  music  for  it.  He  made 
manv  discoveries  in  his  study  of  and  experiments  upon  musical 
instruments,  enabling  him  to  greatly  improve  the  toneof  the  banjo. 
To  his  forethought  and  enterprise  the  public  are  indebted  for  some 
special  varieties  and  sizes  of  banjos,  which  make  possible  the  fine 
orchestral  effects  to  be  heard  in  the  music  rendered  by  banjo  clubs. 
Mr.  Stewart's  banjos  arc  now  in  common  use,  and  are  highly 
endorsed  by  such  professional  players  as  C.  M.  Hall,  of  Carncross' 
minstrels  ;  George  L.  Lanning,  director  of  Boston  Ideal  Club  ;  Billy 
McAllister,  of  Baird's  minstrels  ;  Geo.  W.  Powers,  of  Primrose  & 
West's  minstrels  ;  Chas.  H.  Partec,  Wallace  M.  Goldie,  William  A. 
Huntlcv,  Wash.  Norton,  late  lessee  and  proprietor  of  the  Opera 
Comique,  Loudon,  England,  and  scores  of  other  noted  soloists  and 
instructors.  We  have  not  the  space  to  present  the  superiority  of 
the  Stewart  banjos,  but  the  simple  fact  that  they  arc  used  and 
endorsed  by  the  above  is  ample  proof  of  their  value.  Mr.  Stewart's 
factory  is  located  at  Nos.  221  and  223  Church  street,  and  employ- 
ment is  given  to  a  score  of  men  who  turn  out  from  250  to  300 
instruments  every  mouth.  Mr.  Stewart  has  written  several  books 
of  instruction  for  the  instrument,  and  is  the  composer  of  many 
popular  selections  ;  in  fact,  he  gives  his  entire  attention  to  the 
manufacture  of  banjos  and  the  editing  and  publishing  of  suitable 
books  and  music  for  the  use  of  players  and  students. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


LIBERTY  STOVE  WORKS— CHARLES  NOBLE  &  CO. 

There  is  no  line  of  business  in  this  country  to-day  in  which 
there  has  been,  and  is,  greater  competition  than  in  the  manufacture 
of  stoves,  and  here  in  the  East,  where  the  industry  has  attained 
such  vast  prominence,  the  Liberty  Stove  Works  rank  among  the 
leading  establishments  of  the  kind  in  the  country.  There  are 
larger,  more  extensive  plants,  but  none  can  surpass  them  in  the 
perfection  of  their  work,  beauty  of  style,  and  finish  and  durability 
They  are  the  second  oldest  and  by  far  the  largest  in  the  State,  and 
were  founded  by  Abbott  &  Lawrence  in  1S51,  who  were  succeeded 
in  1S5S  by  the  firm  of  Abbott  &  Noble,  who  continued  in  manage- 
ment until  1870,  when  the  firm  of  Messrs.  Charles  Noble  &  Co. 
was  formed.  It  was  composed  of  Dr.  Charles  Noble,  his  son,  Mr. 
Charles  Noble,   and    Mr.    Francis   P.  Nicholson,  and  through  their 


and  the  area  of  floor  space  is  enormous,  the  establishment  includ- 
ing foundry  proper,  with  large  cupolas,  vast  moulding  floor,  large 
finishing  shops,  cleaning  rooms,  etc.,  pattern  shops,  warehouse, 
salesroom  and  office.  The  work  is  admirably  systematized,  so  that 
no  friction  is  caused  by  the  stoves  in  their  various  stages  toward 
completion,  passing  from  department  to  department.  An  average 
force  of  150  skilled  hands  are  given  employment,  and  among  the 
designers,  moulders  and  finishers  are  men  who  have  grown  old  in 
the  firm's  employ.  The  works  have  ever  been  noted  for  the  excel- 
lence of  their  designs  of  stoves,  heaters,  ranges,  hollow  ware,  etc., 
as  they  include  many  special,  advantageous  and  convenient  feat- 
ures found  in  no  other  make.  The  castings  are  models  for  their 
smoothness  and  strength,  being  made  from  the  best  foundrv  pig 
iron,  while  the  fittings  are  as  accurate  as  the  finish  is  elaborate  or 
the  ornamentation  artistic.     A  prominent  new  feature  of  the  works 


Charles  Noble  &  Company's  Stove  Works 


careful  attention  to  the  details  of  the  business  the  house  became 
justly  famous,  winning  a  national  reputation,  and  increasing  an 
ever-widening  circle  of  trade,  until,  by  the  successive  decease  of 
Dr.  Noble  and  his  son  and  the  retirement  of  Mr.  Nicholson,  the 
business  of  the  estate  passed  under  the  management  of  Mr.  Wil- 
liam W.  Noble  in  1SS8.  But  its  progress  or  prominence  did  not 
lessen  with  the  change  of  management,  as  Mr.  Noble  infused 
fresh  vigor  and  new  ideas  into  the  concern,  continued  the  high 
standard  of  its  products,  and  added  fresh  laurels  to  those  won  by 
his  predecessors.  He  is  as  popular  as  he  is  able,  and  has  ever  re- 
tained the  confidence  of  leading  commercial  circles,  sustaining  the 
national  reputation  of  the  Liberty  Stove  Works,  which  received 
a  valuable  medal  for  its  magnificent  display  at  the  International 
Exhibition  in  1S76.  The  works  are  located  on  Brown  street,  above 
Fourth,  are  of  immense  size,  and  constructed  in  a  systematic  man- 
ner. They  front  on  Brown  street  400  feet,  and  have  a  depth  of  150 
feet,  extending  through  to  Maria  street,  on  which  they  have  a  front- 
age of  400  feet.     The  principal  buildings  are  four  stories  in  height, 


is  its  magnificent  line  of  "  Liberty  "  stoves  and  ranges,  perfect  in 
conception  and  execution,  the  highest  embodiment  of  the  stove 
founder's  art.  Its  numerous  special  features  are  duly  protected  by 
patents.  In  cook  stoves  the  choice  for  selection  is  wide — from  the 
big  "  Noble  Cook,"  "  Iron  King,"  and  "Cotton  King  "  to  the  new 
"  Liberty  Cook,"  the  most  attractive  and  cheapest  stove  of  its  class 
in  the  market.  In  portable  ranges  the  firm's  popular  "Sam  "  has 
had  a  wonderful  run,  and  in  its  numerous  modified  styles  is  adapted 
to  all  ordinary  familv  kitchens,  city  or  country.  This  range  is  han- 
dled only  bv  the  popular  and  well-known  Mr.  Samuel  S.  L'tter,  in 
New  York,  for  whose  especial  requirements  the  range  was  designed, 
and  who  has  sold  over  fifty  thousand  of  them.  In  parlor  base- 
burner  stoves  the  firm  manufacture  the  "  Liberty,"  "  Liberty  Krank- 
liu,"  "Flora,"  and  "  Delta,"  the  latter  a  very  powerful  diffusive 
double-heater.  Their  wood  stoves  are  the  best  in  the  market,  as  are 
also  their  improved  laundry  stoves,  camp  stoves,  hollow-ware,  etc. 
In  short,  the  line  thev  present  to  the  trade  is  unsurpassed,  and  they 
offer  substantial  inducements  both  as  to  price  and  quality, 


WILMINGTON,    1849 


PHILADELPHIA,    1853 


HOOPES  &  TOWNSEND 


« " ii i ■    '  ■  •  1 1 1 ■■■  •  ~-~-^  "-^&>2$wfcHl 


WILMINGTON,   1891 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


HOOPES  &  TOWNSEND 


No  industry  has  made  such  rapid  and  sturdy  strides  to  success, 
and  no  firm  has  deserved  prosperity  more  than  Messrs.  Hoopes  & 
Townsend,  manufacturers  of  bolts,  rivets,  cold-punched  nuts, 
bridge  rods,  wood  screws  and  kindred  articles.  This  business  was 
founded  at  Wilmington,  Delaware,  by  Barton  Hoopes  in  1S49. 
Early  in  the  year  1850,  S.  Sharpless  Townsend  was  admitted  a 
partner,  and  the  firm  took  its  present  title  of  Hoopes  &  Townsend. 
In  1852,  the  business  had  so  increased  that  it  was  found  necessary 
to  procure  a  larger  and  wider  field  of  operation.  In  1853,  a  lot 
on  Button  wood  street  below  Broad,  Philadelphia,  was  purchased, 
since  which  date  the  factory  has  been  enlarged  until  it  now  covers 
an  area  of  more  than  twelve  times  the  original  site.  It  occupies 
nearly  two  blocks,  and  is  located  on  Broad  street,  and  on  Button- 
wood,  Hamilton  and  Whitehall  streets,  between  Broad  and 
Thirteenth  streets.  Edward  Hoopes  was  admitted  as  a  partner  in 
1852,  and  retired  in  1875.  The  original  partners  continued  the 
business  until  January,  1S79,  when  the  death  of  Mr.  Townsend 
causeil  a  dissolution  of  the  partnership.  Barton  Hoopes  purchased 
the  interest  of  his  late  partner  and  admitted  his  sons,  Clement  R. 
Hoopes  and  Barton  Hoopes,  Jr.,  as  members  of  the  firm  under  the 
old  style  of  Hoopes  &  Townsend.  James  M.  Hibbs  was  assigned  to 
the  position  of  business  manager.  Subsequently,  Dawson  Hoopes, 
a  younger  son  of  Barton  Hoopes,  was  admitted  to  the  firm. 

Hoopes  &  Townsend  had  persistently  advocated  the  advantages 
and  the  superiority  of  cold-punched  nuts,  and  in  1S76,  during  a 
competitive  test  of  the  merits  of  cold-punched  and  hot-pressed 
nuts,  they  proved  the  correctness  of  their  arguments,  and  established 
the  supcrioritv  of  this  class  of  nut,  and  fixed  their  prominence  as 
the  leading  makers  of  cold-punched  nuts.  The  conflicting  claims 
of  rival  houses  made  at  the  Centennial  Exposition  in  1876,  drew 
out  the  argument  of  cold-punched  and  hot-pressed  nuts.  An 
article  was  published  in  the  Polytechnic  Reviezu,  which  stated  that 
the  leading  objections  to  the  use  of  cold-punched  nuts  were  that 
the  holes  were  ragged,  unless  rc-punched  or  drilled  ;  that  in  punch- 
ing iron  cold  the  fibres  were  disintegrated:  that  in  cutting  the 
threads  in  a  cold-punched  nut  the  taps  frequently  loosened  the 
broken  fibres,  leaving  a  weak  and  imperfect  thread;  and  finally, 
that  cold-punched  nuts  were  generally  unreliable.  To  this 
article  Messrs.  Hoopes  &  Townsend  replied,  and  in  strong  but 
temperate  language  endeavored  to  prove  the  superioritv  of  the 
cold-punched  nut.  To  this  reply,  a  maker  of  hot-pressed  nuts, 
strong  in  the  conviction  of  the  greater  strength  and  fitness  of 
hot-pressed  nuts,  proposed  a  competitive  test.  Messrs.  Hoopes  & 
Townsend  promptly  agreed,  and  Professor  R.  H.  Thurston,  of  the 
Stevens  Institute  of  Technology,  was  chosen  to  make  the  tests. 
This  gentleman,  who  was  famed  as  an  expert  in  all  test  cases  of  the 
relative  merits  of  iron  and  steel,  was  eminently  fitted  for  the  task 
assigned  to  him,  and  his  decision  was  to  silence  all  dispute.  The 
conditions  were  agreed  upon  by  the  contending  parties.  Early  in 
1877,  a  series  of  tests  were  made  at  the  Mechanical  Institute  at 
Hoboken,  N.  J.  A  most  thorough  and  elaborate  trial  of  the  rival 
nuts  was  made,  aud  as  a  whole  conclusively  proved: 

1st.  That  the  cold-punched  nuts  possessed  a  greater  average  of 
strength,  combined  with  greater  rigidity  and  slightly  greater 
uniformity  than  were  exhibited  by  the  hot-pressed  nuts,  and  that 
the  superiority  was  most  strongly  manifested  in  the  trials  by  strip- 
ping stress. 

2d.  That  the  cold-punched  nuts  exhibited  a  strength  never 
attained  by  the  hot-pressed  nuts,  but  that  such  variations  in  the 
strength  of  both  styles  occurred  as  to  have  caused  the  hot-pressed 
nuts  to  equal  and  occasionally  excel  in  strength  to  the  weakest 
specimens  of  cold-punched  nuts. 

This  practically  decided  the  controversy  in  favor  of  Messrs. 
Hoopes  &  Townsend,  and  the  cold-punched  nut  took  its  place 
as  the  stronger  and  the  best  article  for  all  work  of  good  class  and 
superior  finish,  or  for  any  purpose  for  which  nuts  are  required. 
Messrs.  Hoopes  &  Townsend  owe  their  success  to  no  outside  influ- 
ences, but  to  their  indefatigable  labor,  to  their  persistent  efforts  to 
overcome  every  obstacle  that  obstructed  the  introduction  of  goods 
of  first  quality,  and  to  their  upright  dealiugs  with  their  patrons.  It 
has  always  been  the  aim  of  the  firm  to  produce  goods  of  excellent 


quality  and  finish,  and  to  sell  them  at  a  moderate  advance  of  their 
cost  by  the  use  of  improved  machinery,  and  to  give  their  customers 
the  benefit  of  the  saving.  But  they  have  not  reduced  the  cost  at 
the  expense  of  the  quality.  The  larger  portion  of  the  iron  used  in 
their  manufactures  is  made  expressly  for  them,  while  the  remainder 
is  carefully  and  judiciously  selected  from  the  stocks  of  first-class 
makers.  They  personally  supervise  the  manufacture  of  their  pro- 
ducts, and  nothing  defective  is  permitted  to  go  from  the  factory. 
Notwithstanding  the  number  of  labor-saving  machines  used  in  the 
manufacture  of  the  various  products  of  the  firm,  over  seven  hun- 
dred hands  find  constant  employment  in  the  shops,  and  the  demand 
for  their  goods  is  constantly  increasing. 

The  manufacturing  departments  are  under  the  management  of 
the  junior  partners,  the  financial  departmentbeingcontrolledby  the 
elder  son,  Clement  R.  Hoopes.  The  senior  partner  has  a  general 
oversight  of  the  manufacturing  department,  but  is  not  actively 
engaged  in  the  business.  The  business  department  is  managed  by 
James  M.  Hibbs,  who  has  been  promoted  at  various  stages  of  his 
service  to  his  present  position. 

As  is  well  known,  the  nuts  made  at  this  establishment  are  cold- 
punched.  The  holes  are  smooth,  accurate  and  uniform  in  size,  and 
correctly  centered.  They  are  free  from  scale  or  crust,  and  present 
an  easy  cutting  surface  for  the  tap.  The  bolts  have  solid,  uniform 
heads,  finished  points,  that  the  nuts  may  be  easily  started,  and  are 
fitted  with  chamfered  and  trimmed  nuts,  thoroughly  interchangeable 
and  threaded  to  United  States  standard  gauges.  The  products  em- 
brace bridge,  truck,  car,  machine,  plow,  and  every  variety  of  bolts 
in  use.  They  produce  wood  or  lag  screws,  rivets  of  all  required 
dimensions,  and  a  variety  of  articles  for  kindred  uses.  If  the  term 
"specialty  "  as  applied  to  products  means  that  special  care  is  taken 
in  their  production,  then  all  the  products  of  this  firm  are  "special- 
ties." A  distinctive  product  of  the  factory  is  a  chamfered  and  trim- 
med nut,  used  by  locomotive  and  stationary  engine  builders,  which 
is  adapted  to  the  finest  work,  and  which  is  largely  used  with  no 
other  finish  than  that  produced  by  the  machines  on  which  thev  are 
made.  They  are  serviceable  for  lathe  and  tool  work,  and  in  the 
construction  of  the  highest  class  of  machinery.  The  "  Keystone  " 
boiler  rivets,  of  which  this  firm  is  sole  maker,  are  in  high  repute 
among  leading  boiler  makers.  These  have  been  subjected  to  the 
most  severe  tests,  both  experimentally  aud  in  absolute  use,  and 
have  proved  equal  to  the  requirements.  These  are  made  in  solid 
dies,  and  the  body  has  no  fin  or  uneven  surface.  Made  of  the  best 
quality  of  iron,  they  may  be  relied  upon  as  a  standard  article  of 
excellent  quality  and  finish.  The  trade-mark,  a  "Keystone,"  is 
stamped  on  the  head  of  each  rivet. 

The  business  of  the  firm  is  not  confined  to  local  or  domestic 
trade.  Their  manufactures  are  shipped  to  the  West  India  Islands, 
to  the  Hawaiian  Islands,  to  South  America  and  to  Australia. 
Wherever  the  products  of  the  firm  have  been  exhibited  Messrs. 
Hoopes  &  Townsend  have  carried  off  the  highest  honors.  They 
hold  diplomas  of  honor  and  medals  of  excellence  for  almost 
every  industrial  exhibition  in  the  world,  and  at  the  Paris  Exposi- 
tion of  1S7S  they  were  awarded  a  gold  medal,  the  highest  premium 
and  the  only  gold  medal  awarded  for  their  class  of  goods.  But  it  is 
not  to  these  honors  that  the  firm  looks  for  an  appreciation  of  their 
goods  ;  it  is  to  the  more  convincing  proof  of  superiority  in  the 
demand  for  their  manufactures,  which  is  increasing,  and  which  has 
enlarged  their  establishment  to  its  present  proportions  from  an 
humble  inception. 

The  engravings  on  the  opposite  side  are  illustrations  of  the 
rapid  advanceof  this  industry.  The  original  factory  at  Wilmington, 
Delaware,  was  abandoned  when  the  firm  removed  to  Philadelphia, 
but  the  increase  of  business  after  1876  prompted  the  firm  to  establish 
an  additional  plant  at  Wilmington.  A  site  was  selected  at  Second 
and  Lombard  streets,  and  the  works  enlarged  and  new  buildings 
erected.  Here  are  employed  one  hundred  and  fifty  hands,  and  the 
business  is  carried  on  under  the  corporate  title  of  The  Hoopes  6c 
Townsend  Co.,  which  is  a  distinct  firm,  though  the  "personnel" 
is  the  same  as  at  the  Philadelphia  works.  The  Wilmington  works 
are  under  the  management  of  Dawson  Hoopes. 

No  industry  in  the  Quaker  City  has  been  more  successful.  It 
is  due  to  persistent  pushing  of  superior  goods,  honesty  and  integrity 
in  the  conduct  of  the  business,  and  untiring  energy  in  the  produc- 
tion of  the  best  articles  in  their  line  of  manufacture.  Messrs. 
Hoopes  &  Townsend  have  achieved  success  in  their  business,  and 
deserve  it. 


129 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THE  UNITED  GAS  IMPROVEMENT  COMPANY 

Has  done  much  to  spread  the  reputation  of  Philadelphia  enter- 
prise throughout  the  country.  This  company  was  organized  June  i , 
[882,  under  the  Pennsylvania  Corporation  Act  of  1S74,  under  the 
United  Gas  Improvement  Company  with  a  capital  of  5'. 000.000. 

It  was  primarily  organized  to  introduce  the  Lowe  Water  Gas 
System  ;  a  type  of  apparatus  constructed  under  this  system  by  the 
United  Gas  Improvement  Company  we  illustrate  on  this  page. 

The  operations  of  the  company,  however,  rapidly  extended 
from  the  manufacture  and  introduction  of  apparatus  to  the  control 
of  gas  works  through  lease  or  purchase,  and  the  capital  was  in- 
creased from  time  to  time  until  the  limit  ($5, 000, 000)  allowed  to 
manufacturing  companies  organized  under  the  Act  of  1S74  was 
reached.  In  18S.S,  the  capital  stock  of  the  Union  Company,  opera- 
ting under  a  special  charter  granted  by  the  State  of  Pennsylvania, 
on  December  31,  1S70,  was  purchased.  The  name  was  changed  to 
The  United  Gas  Improvement  Company,  and  this  company  issued  its 


management,  and  immediately  below  cacli  such  item,  his  results  ot 
the  year  before,  and  below  that  the  best  results  obtained  Ion  each 
item)  by  the  works  of  the  same  class.  If  the  general  superinten- 
dent thinks  that  this  best  result  is  not  worthy  to  be  accepted  as  a 
standard,  that  fact  is  noted,  so  that  a  still  higher  standard  may  be 
aimed  at.  In  addition  to  all  this,  the  managers,  superintendents, 
and  engineers  are  all  brought  together  once  a  vear  for  a  discussion 
of  all  debatable  points,  and  to  properly  prepare  for  this,  the  general 
superintendent,  months  in  advance,  assigns  certain  subjects  to  be 
reported  upon  by  certain  men,  and  appoints  others  to  follow  in  the 
discussion  of  these  reports.  All  are  encouraged  to  express  their 
opinions  from  the  youngest  cadet  engineer  up.  The  general  super- 
intendent in  selecting  the  men  both  for  the  writing  of  the  formal 
report  and  for  the  after  discussion,  selects  them  on  account  of  their 
ability  to  handle  the  special  subject  assigned  and  also  for  the 
ability  to  "  thrash  out"  and  so  if  possible  arrive  at  the  whole  truth. 
The  personnel  of  the  United  Gas  Improvement  Company's 
management  is  as  follows  : — 


The  United  Gas  Improvement  Company— Lowe  Apparatus 


own  stock  dollar  for  dollar  in  exchange  for  the  stock  of  United  Gas 
Improvement  Company  and  took  over  all  the  business  of  the  old 
concern.  Under  the  new  organization  the  capital  was  increased  to 
Jio,ooo,ooo  divided  into  200,000  shares  of  the  par  value  of  550  each, 
and  the  business  largely  increased  by  the  acquisition  of  new 
properties,  so  that  to-day  The  United  Gas  Improvement  Company 
is  the  largest  concern  of  the  kind  in  the  United  States,  and  gas  and 
electric  light  companies  from  Maine  to  Florida  and  from  the 
Atlantic  seaboard  to  the  Rockies  are  operated  under  its  management. 
The  theory  of  the  United  Gas  Improvement  Company  is  that 
gas  companies  are  the  servants  of  the  public,  and  that  the  im- 
provement of  methods  looking  to  raising  the  quality  of  gas  manu- 
factured and  cheapening  the  cost  and  selling  price  of  the  same,  and 
the  education  of  consumers  how  to  obtain  the  fullest  possible  return 
for  their  money,  can  best  be  accomplished  by  united  management 
giving  to  each  sub-company  the  benefit  of  comparing,  through  the 
central  organization,  its  results  with  those  of  other  companies  doing 
the  same  business.  The  results  obtained  at  everyone  of  the  works 
controlled  bv  the  United  Gas  Improvement  Company  are  compared 
regularly  through  monthly  reports,  which  cover  all  important 
features  of  the  business.  Each  local  manager  receives  yearly  a 
comparison  slip  on  which  appear  the  results  of  each  feature  of  his 


Directors :  W.  G.  Warden,  President ;  George  Philler,  Vice- 
President ;  W.  W.  Gibbs,  Thomas  Dolan,  Henry  C.  Gibson, 
William  L.  Elkins,  and  P.  A.  B.  Widener.  Samuel  T.  Bodine, 
General  Manager  ;  Randal  Morgan ,  General  Counsel ;  Alexander 
C.  Humphreys,  General  Superintendent ;  Walter  Clark,  Assistant 
General  Superintendent ;   Edward  C.  Lee,  Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

Subject  to  the  Board  of  Directors,  which  meets  every  month, 
are  the  following  Committees  : 

Managing  Committee. — This  Committee  meets  every  week  to 
receive  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Works,  and  to  consider  any 
new  business  which  may  be  presented.  The  members  of  the  com- 
mittee are:  W.  W.  Gibbs,  Chairman;  W.  G.  Warden,  George 
Philler,  Thomas  Dolan,  William  L.  Elkins,  Samuel  T.  Bodine,  and 
Randal  Morgan. 

Committee  on  Works. — This  Committee  meets  daily  and  con- 
siders and  acts  upon  all  the  routine  business  connected  with  the 
management  of  the  various  companies  under  the  parent  company's 
control,  and  is  composed  of  the  following  members:  Samuel  T. 
Bodine,  Chairman;   W.  W.  Gibbs,  Alexander  C.  Humphreys. 

The  above  sketch  shows  how  thorough  is  the  system  of  manage- 
ment which  has  been  developed  to  meet  the  requirements  of  the 
rapidly  increasing  business  of  this  great  company. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


H.  MUHR'S  SONS  WATCH  AND  JEWELRY  FACTORY 

Philadelphia  has  long  been  noted  as  a  leading  centre  for 
the  manufacture  of  fine  jewelry,  and  in  the  establishment  of 
H.  Muhr's  Sons  it  has  one  of  the  most  extensive  and  impor- 
tant concerns  of  its  class  in  the  United  States. 

This  manufactory  is  located  at  the  southwest  corner  of 
Broad  and  Race  streets,  having  a  frontage  on  Broad  street  of 
ioo  feet,  and  on  Race  street  of  140  feet,  and  is  seven  stories  in 
height.  Architecturally,  it  is  an  ornament  to  the  splendid 
avenue  of  Philadelphia  on  which  it  is  located,  while  the 
interior  is  fitted  up  with  all  the  modern  mechanical  devices 
for  saving  labor,  known  to  the  trade.  In  the  room  where  the 
watch  cases  are  engraved,  there  are  presses  which  give,  in  a 
few  minutes,  designs  that  would  formerly  have  taken  the  most 
skillful  workman  an  entire  day  to  accomplish,  and  engine 
lathes  are  employed  to  pro- 
duce the  peculiar  roughen- 
ed honey-combed  surfaces 
that  are  desired. 

Some  of  the  dies  used 
cost  S500  a  set.  Probably 
the  most  curious  of  the 
many  novel  appliances  is 
an  electrical  engraving 
apparatus,  worked  by  one 
man.  A  plate  on  which 
there  is  an  enlarged  design 
to  be  produced  is  placed  in 
the  machine,  which  is  then 
started,  the  watch  case 
being  in  position  below. 
In  a  short  time  the  design 
on  the  large  plate,  whether 
a  bird,  a  flower,  a  scroll, 
or  whatever  it  may  be,  is 
reproduced  beautifully  on  a 
smaller  scale  on  the  watch 
case.  No  artist's  hand 
could  do  it  more  cunning- 
ly, yet  no  hand  has  ever 
touched  it. 

Notwithstanding  the 
multiplicity  of  labor-sav- 
ing devices  in  this  manu- 
factory, nearly  700  persons 
— 6S0  at  the  present  time 
— are  furnished  constant 
and  profitable  employment 
in  it.  Watch  cases,  which 
are  a  leading  specialty,  are 
turned  out  at  the  rate  of 
about  1500  a  week  ;  these 
are  both  of  solid  gold  and 
gold  filled. 

The  firm  claim  to  have  been  the  first  to  engage  in  the 
manufacture  of  gold  filled  cases,  and  that  these  are  finished 
and  engraved  by  the  same  workmen  who  make  the  iS-karat 
solid  gold  work.  Their  best  filled  cases,  known  to  the  mar- 
ket as  "Crown  No.  1"  are  of  14-karat  gold  and  guaranteed  to 
wear  for  25  years,  whilst  the  least  expensive  case  they  make 
is  guaranteed  for  20  years. 

All  their  filled  cases  are  made  in  special  designs,  such  as 
raised  ornamentation,  monograms  raised  or  engraved,  inlaid 
with  diamonds  or  other  precious  stones  the  same  as  solid 
gold,  and  so  extraordinary  are  the  facilities  of  this  firm  for 
manufacturing  elegant  watches  cheaply,  that  they  are  now 
exporting  watches,  not  only  to  South  America,  Japan  and 
China,  but  to  various  parts  of  Europe,  even  to  the  home  of 
the  watch,  Switzerland  itself.  Besides  watch  cases,  Messrs. 
Muhr's  Sons  produce  an  immense  quantity  of  rings  of  all 
sorts,  from  the  silver  finger  ring  for  the  colored  plantation 
laborer  to  the  finest,  and  gold  and  silver  thimbles,  which  they 


Muhr's  Sons  Watch  and  Jewelry  Factory,  cor 


send  to  all  parts  of  the  country.  Thimbles  costing  $50  each 
are  not  at  all  uncommon,  and  they  have  made  thimbles  to 
order,  studded  with  precious  stones,  as  presents,  which  have 
cost  as  high  as  $150  each. 

The  manufactory,  of  which  an  extensive  view  is  given  on 
this  page,  was  built  by  Simon  Muhr  in  1885  and  is  owned  by 
him.  He  is  the  eldest  son  of  Mr.  H.  Muhr,  a  skillful  watch- 
maker, who  came  to  this  country  from  Bavaria  in  1853,  and 
settled  in  Philadelphia,  where  he  is  still  living.  Mr.  Simon 
Muhr,  whose  connection  with  the  business  dates  from  1866, 
when  he  was  taken  into  partnership  with  his  father  on  obtain- 
ing his  majority,  is  in  many  respects  a  remarkable  man.  His 
friend,  Mayer  Sulzberger,  Esq.,  says  of  him  in  a  biographical 
sketch,  written  for  "Deacon's  Biographical  Album  of  Promi- 
nent Pennsylvanians, "  "Mr.  Muhr  is  small  in  stature,  but  of 
such  pleasing  presence  and  affable  manners,  that  his  geniality 

has  become  proverbial, 
while  his  personal  popu- 
larity is  of  the  strongest 
character.  He  is  patern- 
ally solicitous  for  the  wel- 
fare of  his  employees,  tak- 
ing great  interest  in  their 
affairs  and  never,  when  in 
trouble,  do  any  of  them 
hesitate  to  confide  in  him, 
or  to  depend  upon  his  ad- 
vice and  assistance.  Mr. 
Muhr  is  likewise  deeply 
interested  in  charities  and 
much  of  his  time  is  taken 
up  in  hearing  appeals  for 
aid  from  individuals  and 
societies.  He  is  an  active 
member  of  numerous  be- 
nevolent and  charitable  as- 
sociations, to  all  of  which 
he  is  a  liberal  contributor  ; 
but,  if  satisfied  of  the  wor- 
thiness of  the  case  or  cause, 
no  appeal  is  made  to  him 
in  vain  ;  yet  he  does  not 
confine  his  benefactions  to 
any  sect,  society  or  creed, 
but  is  most  catholic  in  his 
giving.  He  is  an  ardent 
Democrat,  but  with  so 
many  demands  upon  his 
time  he  has  naturally  lit- 
tle leisure  for  politics,  al- 
though his  fellow-citizens 
have  nevertheless  called 
upon  him  to  represent 
them  in  conventions  of  his 
partv  and  to  serve  as  a 
school  director  ;  other  offices  tendered  him  he  has  declined." 
We  may  add  that  he  is  credited  with  being  one  of  the  best 
authorities  in  the  United  States  on  gems,  and  his  good  taste 
is  so  generally  conceded  and  recognized,  that  it  is  an  ordinary 
occurrence  for  purchasers  of  gems  to  leave  their  setting 
entirely  to  his  individual  judgment. 

Besides  their  manufactory,  Messrs.  H.  Muhr's  Sons  have 
salesrooms  at  629  Chestnut  street,  20  John  street,  New  York, 
39  State  street,  Chicago,  and  a  branch  establishment  at  Ant- 
werp, where  most  of  the  purchases  of  rough  diamonds  are 
made  and  the  cutting  is  done.  They  are  large  importers  of 
precious  stones  and  some  of  the  largest  and  finest  diamonds, 
sapphires,  opals  and  pearls  worn  by  the  fashionable  people  of 
Philadelphia,  have  been  supplied  by  them.  We  do  not  know 
the  amount  of  capital  they  employ  in  this  business,  but  we 
notice  one  of  the  mercantile  agencies  places  it  at  $750,000, 
and  this  is  probably  under-estimated.  Their  annual  sales 
have  been  for  some  years  about  a  million  of  dollars. 


nd  Race  Sts. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


GEORGE  MILLER  &  SON 


This  old  establishment,  which  for  more  than  half  a  century  has 
been  a  large  contributor  to  the  great  aggregate  of  the  manufactured 
products  of  Philadelphia,  which  has  given  to  this  city  the  first  place 
among  the  great  industrial  centres  of  the  United  States,  was  founded 
by  Mr.  George  Miller,  a  pioneer  in  this  line  of  industry,  here  in 
1833.  Beginning  on  a  scale  of  limited  proportions,  Mr.  Miller  has 
steadilv  kept  abreast  of  the  times,  and  from  a  small  beginning  soon 
established  a  trade  extending  to  all  parts  of  the  United  States,  and 
increasing  rapidly  from  year  to  year.  In  1S61  the  founder  of  this 
important  enterprise  admitted  his  son,  Mr.  Chas.  B.  Miller,  to  an 
interest  in  the  business,  which  has  ever  been  conducted  with  great 
success  under  the  firm  name  of  George  Miller  &  Son. 

Mr.  George  Miller  retiring  from  business  in  1876,  left  Mr. 
Charles  B.  Miller  the  sole  proprietor  of  what  has  become  one  of  the 
most  important  industries  of  the  city,  and  it  remained  under  his 
management  until  1877,  when  he  admitted  his  son,  Mr.  W.  D.  Mil- 
ler, into  co-partnership  under  the  old  and  honored  firm  name  of 
George  Miller  &  Sou. 

From  the  original  site  on 
Market  street  above  Sixth,  after 
frequent  enlargements  and  ex- 
tensions to  meet  the  require- 
ments of  their  large  trade,  the 
business  was  removed  in  188S  to 
the  present  location,  Nos.  255 
and  257  South  Third  street.  In 
their  large  and  imposing  build- 
ing at  this  place,  which  is  six 
stories  in  height  and  65x184  feet 
in  dimensions,  Messrs.  Miller  & 
Sons  employ  one  hundred  and 
fiftv  hands  in  the  various  depart- 
ments in  the  manufacture  of  fine 
candies  and  chocolates  for  the 
wholesale  trade.  The  establish- 
ment is  equipped  throughout 
with  the  latest  improvements  in 
machinery  operated  by  steam, 
and  in  cverv  particular  the  works 
are  as  complete  as  those  of  any 
similar  house  in  America. 

The  Messrs.  Miller's  fixed 
purpose  has  always  been  to  sup- 
ply  the  trade  with  goods  of  the 
purest  quality  and  finest  flavor, 
and  this  being  made  the  first 
consideration  has  earned  for 
them  a  reputation  which  has  in- 
creased their  trade  to  its  present 
vast  proportions.  They  use  in 
their  works  the  best  qualities  of 
sugar  obtainable  and  no  other, 
and  only  the  finest  essential  oils 
and  purest  extracts,  and  none 
but  chemically  pure  and  health- 
ful vegetable  coloring  are  used  in 
any  part  of  their  business. 

They  import  direct  the  choicest  Caraccas  Cocoas,  and  are  justly 
celebrated  for  the  superior  excellence  of  their  chocolates,  which  are 
made  by  the  most  improved  process  by  experts  in  this  branch  of 
the  business.  The  output  comprises  chocolate  creams,  caramels, 
bon-bons,  fig  paste,  glace  fruits,  lozenges  and  all  staple  and  fancy 
candies  which  are  turned  out  daily  in  large  quantities,  and  arc  sup- 
plied fresh  to  the  city  trade  and  to  jobbers  in  all  parts  of  the  United 
States  and  the  large  cities  of  England  and  Continental  Europe. 

They  carry  at  all  times  a  large  stock  and  complete  assortment 
of  candies  and  confections,  and  in  their  extensive  salesrooms  is  seen 
a  display  of  their  goods,  which  is  unequalled  as  to  purity,  flavor  and 
general  excellence,  and  the  demand  for  their  goods  enables  them  to 
furnish  anything  in  their  line  in  any  amount,  fresh  from  the  hands 
of  their  workmen.  The  senior  member  of  this  well-known  and  suc- 
cessful firm  is  one  of  Philadelphia's  representative  business  men. 
and  is  held  in  high  esteem  in  commercial  circles.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  Manufacturer's  Club  and  Treasurer  of  the  National  Confec- 
tioners' Association  of  the  United  States,  and  is  closely  identified 
with  the  welfare  and  growth  of  the  city  as  a  trade  metropolis. 


Mr.  William  D.  Miller  is  also  popular  and  possesses  that  energy 
and  business  ability  which,  coupled  with  the  life-long  experience  of 
his  father,  have  steadily  maintained  the  reputation  of  this  old  house 
and  developed  a  trade  of  magnitude  at  home  and  abroad. 

Mr.  George  Miller,  the  founder  of  this  house,  was  born  in  New 
Jersey  in  1803,  and  now  in  his  eighty-ninth  year,  is  in  the  enjoy- 
ment of  good  health  and  active  both  physically  and  mentallv. 

The  ancestors  of  Mr.  Miller  came  to  this  country  from  England 
in  the  days  of  William  Penn. 

Since  the  above  was  written  Mr.  George  Miller  died  at  his  resi- 
dence, 1004  Race  street,  June  29,  1S91. 


George  Miller 


E.  CLINTON  &  COMPANY 


After  an  interesting  interview  with  Mr.  E.  Clinton  a  few  weeks 
jo  we  realized  more  than  ever  before  the  importance  of  the  brush 
industry,  and  in  that  connection 
the  value  of  that  much  maligned 
animal,  the  hog,  and  the  num- 
ber of  uses  to  which  bristles 
are  adapted. 

Mr.  Clinton  remarked  that 
most  of  us  used  five  kinds  of 
brushes  before  going  to  break- 
fast, the  tooth,  the  nail,  the 
hair,  the  shoe  and  the  clothes 
brush.  Then  come  the  dusting 
and  sweeping  brush,  the  paint, 
the  varnish  and  numerous  kinds 
of  artists'  brushes,  etc. 

Clinton  &  Co.  make  more 
kinds  of  brushes  than  any  other 
house  in  the  world,  and  are  the 
largest  firm  in  their  line  in  the 
United  States.  They  arc  ever  on 
the  watch  for  novelties  and  usu- 
ally the  first  to  invent  or  bring 
out  new  styles. 

They  spent  over  ten  thou- 
sand dollars  in  their  Centennial 
exhibit  to  show  what  America 
could  do  in  the  brush  industry 
and  received  certificate  for  un- 
equalled excellence. 

Some  forty  years  ago  they 
received  a  medal  from  the 
World's  Fair  in  London.  To 
show  the  high  grade  of  their 
manufactures  it  is  worth  stating 
that  the  representative  of  Kent 
&  Co..  one  of  the  most  famous 
English  brush  manufacturers, 
who  date  back  over  three  hun- 
dred years,  requested  some  sam- 
ples of  Clinton  &  Co.'s  paint  and 
varnish  brushes  to  show  his  firm,  who  acknowledged  that  they  were 
the  best  in  the  world. 

Mr.  Clinton  said  he  alwavs  studied  as  to  what  a  brush  had  to  do 
and  how  to  do  it  best,  and  any  brush  bearing  their  stamp  is  not 
only  unsurpassed  but  unequalled.  He  is  an  expert  judge  of  bristles 
and  acknowledged  to  be  the  best  buyer  of  the  article  in  the  United 
States. 

The  firm  was  established  in  1S40,  but  Mr.  Clinton  himself  has 
been  brush  making  fifty-nine  vears  this  March.  1891.  When  mak- 
ing for  others  he  took  pains  to  give  the  best  work  possible,  and  to 
this  owes  his  success,  his  business  being  constantly  011  the  increase 
and  at  any  time  hardly  able  to  rill  his  orders. 

Though  ncaring  seventv  vears  of  age  he  still  takes  an  active 
interest  and  superintendence,  and  in  every  respect  is  one  of  those 
merchants  of  whom  Philadelphia  is  justly  proud. 

Forty-nine  years  ago.  May  20,  1S42,  Mr.  Clinton  was  married  to 
Miss  Nagle,  of  Philadelphia,  ami  has  a  family  of  three  sons.  Edwin 
G.,  Leon  S.  and  Winfield  Clinton.  The  stores  and  otfices  of  the 
firm  are  No.  100S  Market  street  and  No.  S  South  Tenth  street. 


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5 

PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


HENRY  DISSTON  &  SONS 

The  Henry  Disston  &  Sons,  Keystone  Saw,  Tool,  Steel  and 
File  Works  which  now  cover  an  area  of  twenty-four  acres  to  which 
new  buildings  are  constantly  being  added  at  Tacony,  Philadelphia, 
were  started  in  1840,  as  the  Disston  Keystone  Saw  Works,  in  a  cellar 
on  Bread  street,  near  Second  and  Arch  streets,  Philadelphia.  The 
Disston  family  consisting  of  father,  son  and  daughter,  arrived  in 
Philadelphia  from  England  in  1833.  In  three  days  the  father  was 
dead  ;  when  young  Henry  Disston,  a  boy  of  fourteen  and  with- 
out nionev,  in  looking  around  for  employment  apprenticed  himself 
with  a  saw  making  firm.  The  employers  of  the  young  man  could 
not  pay  him  in  money  a  small  amount  of  back  wages  when  he 
decided  to  leave  them,  so  he  was  compelled  to  accept  a  lot  of  brick 
trowels  which  he  managed  to  turn  into  cash.  He  realized  about 
$350,  and  with  this  sum  the  Disston  Keystone  Saw  Works  on  Bread 
street  were  started.  Mr.  Disston  would  tell  with  pride  the  humble 
manner  in  which  he  began,  how 
he  built  his  own  furnace,  trun- 
dled his  first  wheel-barrow  of 
coal  from  Willow  street  wharf 
to  the  "works,  "  made  his  own 
tools,  and  in  fact  ran  the  whole 
business  without  help.  Having 
made  his  saws,  he  himself  took 
them  out  on  sale,  but  it  was  a 
long  while  before  he  could  make 
the  people  believe  that  an  Amer- 
ican saw  was  anything  but  a  poor 
imitation  of  the  English  article. 
He  was  discouraged  man  v  times, 
but  never  lost  heart.  He  often 
sold  a  saw  at  an  advance  of  one 
per  cent,  profit.  He  took  a  room 
in  a  factory  at  Front  and  Meri- 
den  streets,  and  though  he  owed 
nothing  he  was  merely  a  sub- 
tenant and  his  effects  were  levied 
upou  for  the  rent  of  the  build- 
ing. Money  was  advanced  by 
an  old  friend  who  appeared  at 
the  most  opportune  moment, 
and  a  new  landlord  taking  the 
building  Mr.  Disston  resumed 
operations.  He  had  borrowed 
J200.  It  enabled  him  to  branch 
out  a  little  and  now  he  was  more 
determined  than  ever  to  succeed. 

Just  about  this  time  the 
boiler  in  the  building  exploded 
and  the  structure  was  destroyed 
by  fire,  and  young  Disston  was 
very  severely  injured.  Within 
ten  days  he  moved  into  a  new  building  adjoining   the  old  shop. 

In  1864  the  business  had  grown  to  335.o°°  a  mouth.  Fire 
again  destroyed  everything  but  in  fifteen  days  saws  were  being 
manufactured  on  the  old  site  under  a  roof  of  canvas.  Substantial 
buildings  were  quickly  erected  until  the  establishment  at  Front  and 
Laurel  streets  covered  a  number  of  acres  extending  in  the  rear  to 
both  sides  of  Haydock  street.  He  decided  to  no  longer  import 
English  steel  and  turned  his  scraps  into  steel  in  his  own  establish- 
ment. For  this  purpose  rolling  mills  directly  adjoining  the  works 
on  Laurel  street  were  built  together  with  a  melting  department, 
and  in  this  new  adjunct  all  the  iron  and  steel  used  in  the  several 
factories  was  produced.  The  tariff  of  1S61  gave  the  Henry  Disston 
saws  their  first  great  start  and  he  created  a  new  industry,  founded 
an  industrial  university  where  a  dozen  useful  trades  are  taught,  and 
finally  established  at  Tacony,  on  the  Delaware  river,  and  in  the 
City  of  Philadelphia,  the  greatest  saw  works  in  the  world.  Mr. 
Disston  put  his  own  sons  in  the  shop.  Hamilton,  now  the  active 
head  of  the  firm  served  seven  years  before  he  was  taken  into  the 
counting  room.  Albert  H.,  now  deceased,  Horace  'C,  William  and 
facob  S.,  the  other  partners,  also  served  their  time  before  they  were 


admitted  to  partnership.  Henry  Disston  dying  in  the  year  1S7S,  left 
his  sons  fully  competent  to  carry  on  the  enormous  business,  and 
these  young  men  have  pushed  the  capacity  of  the  works  far  bevond 
what  it  was  in  their  father's  time.  The  average  number  of  men 
employed  is  1900. 

In  1S90  the  ground  enclosed  by  the  factory  was  38  acres, 
the  number  of  buildings  19,  horse  power  utilized  2,250,  coal 
consumed  24,780  tons  yearly ;  lumber  consumed  for  saw  handles 
1,000,000  feet  yearly  ;  lumber  used  for  shipping  goods,  900,000  feet 
yearly  ;  grindstones  consumed,  900  tons  yearly  ;  steel  consumed  in 
file  factory,  12  tons  weekly  ;  sheet  steel  produced,  4,300  tons  yearly  ; 
bar  steel  produced,  7,000  tons  yearly  ;  hand  saws  manufactured, 
25,000  dozen  weekly  ;  circular  saws  manufactured  all  sizes,  50,000 
yearly;  cross-cut,  mill,  mulay  and  drag  saws,  200,000  yearly; 
hact  and  butcher  saws,  6,000  dozen  yearly  ;  compass,  kevhole  and 
webb  saws,  43,000  dozen  yearly  ;  brick  trowels,  4,200  dozen  yearly  ; 
files,  1,000  dozen  daily.  In  the  melting  department  there  are  all 
Siemen's  gas  furnaces.  The  in- 
gots are  pressed  by  hydraulic 
pressure.  The  steel  is  made 
from  English  and  American 
iron  and  selected  steel  scraps. 
28  tons  of  steel  are  produced  per 
day.  In  the  upper  mill  4  tons 
of  hand-saw  steel  and  5  tons  of 
merchant  steel  are  made  per 
day.  In  the  large  plate  mill  5 
tons  of  circular  steel,  and  roll 
plates  ,84  in  diameter  are  made 
each  day.  In  the  lower  mill  6 
tons  saw  steel  for  cross-cuts  and 
long  saws  per  day.  In  the  Rod 
mill  used  for  rolling  bar  and 
band  saw  steel,  the  output  is  10 
tons  per  day.  In  the  Train  mill 
for  rolling  file  steel  and  all  small 
sizes  and  shapes  of  merchant 
bar  steel,  the  output  is  3K  tons 
per  day.  The  furnace  for  hard- 
ening and  tampering  saws  has  a 
capacity  for  70  large  circular- 
saws  and  r.ooo  cross-cuts.  A 
hand  saw  furnace  for  hardening 
has  an  output  of  425  dozen  per 
day.  In  the  long  saw  cutting 
out  department  1,000  saws  is  the 
daily  output  ;  hand  saws  and 
small  work  cutting  out  depart- 
ment output  425  dozen  daily; 
band  saw,  cutting  out,  and  fin- 
ishing department,  25  saws  8  by 
50  feet,  and  400  band  saws  week- 
ly ;  circular  saw  department 
output  per  day  25  large  and  200  small  size  ;  Inserted  tooth  depart- 
ment, capacity  for  inserted  tooth  circular-saws  10  per  day  ;  smith- 
ing and  finishing  circular  department,  20  large  and  200  small  per 
day  ;  cross-cut  and  long  saw  department,  grind,  glaze  and  block  Soo 
cuts  per  day  ;  smith  and  hammer  department,  275  dozen  hand  saws 
per  day  ;  finishing  department,  150  dozen  best  saws  and  2S5  dozen 
assorted  saws  are  completed  daily ;  grinding  department,  263  dozen 
per  day  ;  grinding  and  drawing  department,  260  dozen  per  day  ; 
glacing  department,  341  dozen  per  day  ;  handle  department,  350 
dozen  hand  saws,  75  dozen  cut  handles,  and  60  dozen  frames  per 
day;  file  department,  1,000  dozen  of  every  size  and  description 
daily  ;  tooth  department,  daily  output  100  gross  saw  screws,  30 
dozen  try  screws,  20  dozen  bevels,  50  dozen  screw  drivers,  30  dozen 
plumb  and  level,  20  dozen  gauges,  20  sets  butt  hinges.  In  the  box 
and  circular-saw  case  department,  750,000  feet  of  pine  lumber  are 
consumed  each  year. 

The  present  officers  of  the  firm  are  Hamilton  Disston,  Presi- 
dent;  Horace  Disston,  Vice-President;  William  Disston,  Second 
Vice-President ;  Jacob  Disston,  Treasurer;  Samuel  Disston,  Agent. 
The  capital  invested  in  the  plant  is  55,000,000. 


PHILADELPHIA  A.VD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THOMAS  DOLAN  &  COMPANY 


WILLIAM  J.  BUCK,  SONS  &  CO. 


One  of  Philadelphia's  most  important  and  prosperous  indus- 
•  tries  is  the  great  factorv  of  Thomas  Dolan  6c  Co.,  known  as  the 
Keystone  Knitting  Mills,  at  the  corner  of  Hancock  and  (  Ixford 
streets  and  Columbia  avenue.  These  works  cover  six  squares  and 
have  an  area  of  several  acres.  They  give  employment  to  many 
hundred  men,  women  and  children,  and  they  form  a  considerable 
factor  in  helping  to  add  to  the  importance  and  wealth  of  the  Quaker 
Citv.  Thomas  Dolan,  the  founder  of  this  industry,  is  a  self- 
made  man,  he  began  manufacturing  men's  wear,  fancy  knit  goods, 
and  hosiery  in  May,  1861.  In  1866  the  firm  inaugurated  a  new 
industry  by  the  introduction  of  fine  worsted  yarns  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  their  goods,  especially  of  Berlin  shawls.  In  live  years  the 
business  of  this  particular  branch  of  the  trade  ran  up  to  over  one 
million  dollars  output,  but  in  1S71  it  declined  very  rapidly,  and  in 
1872  worsted  materials  and  men's  wear  formed  another  depart- 
ment of  industry.  Everv  now  and  then  the  alteration  of 
fashion  and  custom  necessitated  changes  in  the  business  and,  to 
keep  up  with  the  times,  in  1875  the  manufacture  of  men's  fancy 
cassimeres  and  ladies'  cloakiugs  was  added  to  the  already  numerous 
branches  and  departments  of  the  factory.  In  1S7S  the  hosiery  part 
of  the  business  was  abandoned,  and  in  the  year  r.882  the  manufac- 
ture of  knit  goods  was  given  up  and  the  factory  was  devoted 
cutirelv  to  the  production   of  men's  wear  of  the  best  quality. 

Thomas  Dolan.  who  was  the  pioneer  and  originator  of  this 
industry,  was  born  in  Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  on  October  27, 
[S34,  mil  for  many  years  carried  on  the  business  alone.  The  great 
strides  made  however,  and  the  wonderful  increase  of  trade,  rendered 
it  impossible  for  one  man,  however  energetic  and  industrious,  to 
grapple  with  the  various  ramifications  and  complications  of  such  a 
varied  industry.  As  time  went  on  and  business  continued  to  in- 
crease, the  firm  was  formed  into  a  company.  The  personnel  of  the 
company  of  Thomas  Dolan  ^\;  Co..  is  it  at  present  stands  is  as  fol- 
lows. Thomas  Dolan,  RvnearJ.  Williams.  Jr.,  Charles  H.  Salmon, 
and  Joseph  G.  Truitt.  !\Ir.  Williams  manages  the  financial  pari  of 
the  great  industry.  Mr.  Salmon  superintends  the  weaving  and  fin- 
ishing departments,  and  Mr.  Truitt  ablv  directs  the  details  of  the 
spinning  branch  of  the  business.  Mr.  Dolan  himself  as  the  head  of 
tile  firm  i'.is  the  general  supervision  of  the  whole  factory,  and  is  ihe 
consultant  in  all  cases  of  emergency  or  any  change  in  the  methods 
of  carrying  on  the  business. 

But  to  a  man  of  such  activity  and  energy  as  Mr.  Dolan.  the 
superintendence  of  a  concern  even  of  such  magnitude  as  the  Key- 
stone Knitting  Mills,  is  not  sufficient  to  occupy  all  his  time,  and  he 
has  therefore  from  time  to  time  connected  himself  with  other  insti- 
tutions of  the  city,  commercial,  financial  and  political.  He  is  pres- 
ident of  the  Quaker  City  Dye  Works  Company  at  1  10  Oxford  street, 
he  also  presides  over  the  Philadelphia  Association  of  Manufacturers 
of  Textile  Fabrics  and  the  Textile  Dyers'  Association.  He  is  vice- 
president  of  the  National  Association  of  Wool  Manufacturers,  one 
of  the  vice-presidents  of  the  Union  League  Club,  and  a  trustee  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Museum  of  Industrial  Art.  He  is  also  a  director 
in  the  following  important  corporations,  in  many  of  which  he  takes 
an  active  part:  the  Merchants'  National  Bank,  the  Delaware  Mutual 
Insurance  Company,  the  United  Gas  Improvement  Company,  the 
Brush  Electric  Light  Company,  the  Philadelphia  Traction  Com- 
pany, the  School  of  Design  for  Women,  and  the  University  Hos- 
pital. 

The  Keystone  Knitting  Mills  arc  built  on  the  most  approved 
principles  of  modern,  manufacturing  premises,  and  while  the  com- 
fort of  the  working  people  is  carefully  provided  for,  there  is  noth- 
ing wanting  in  the  way  of  machinery  for  the  better  and  quicker 
production  of  the  goods  and  for  the  safety  and  benefit  of  the  opera-  , 
tives.  The  great  factory  is  indeed  a  small  town  of  itself,  and  the 
surrounding  neighborhood  is  mainly  peopled  by  the  families  of  the 
employees.  The  Keystone  Works  are  a  lasting  monument  to  Phil- 
adelphia's commercial  prosperity  and  capability  as  a  manufacturing 
city.  With  characteristic  modesty  the  members  of  the  firm  object 
to  advertise  their  business  in  these  pages  bv  enumerating  the  num- 
ber of  looms  in  daily  work,  or  the  output  which  is  the  result  of  the 
labor  of  the  many  pairs  of  hands.  But  it  cannot  be  gainsaid,  and 
there  is  no  fear  of  contradiction  in  asserting,  that  the  Kevstone 
Knitting  Mills  are  the  largest  in  the  United  States  for  the  particu- 
lar class  of  goods  that  is  turned  out,  and  there  are  verv  few  on  the 
face  of  the  earth  so  extensively  engaged.  The  firm  has  a  down 
town  office  at  No.  32  South  Third  street,  where  salesmen  from  all 
parts  congregate  to  make  purchases  and  to  arrange  for  the  distribu- 
tion of  the  goods  of  Thomas  Dolan  X:  Co. 


Very  few  firms  in  the  United  States  have  acquired  in  a  quiet  un- 
obtrusive way,  a  demand  for  their  manufactures,  solelv  on  account 
of  their  artistic  merit  and  excellence,  as  the  firm  of  W.J.  Buck, 
Sonsec  Co.  The  business  of  this  house  was  founded  some  ten  vearsago, 
by  Mr.  W.  J.  Buck  and  Byron  H.  Buck,  and  since  the  death  in 
March,  1884,  of  W.  J.  Buck,  has  been  continued  by  his  sons,  Byron 
H.  and  Dr.  W.  Pcnn  Buck.  This  office  and  manufactory  are  located 
at  Nos.  407-9-1 1-13-15  North  Eighth  street,  being  a  large  five-story 
building,  supplied  with  all  the  necessary  machinery  and  methods 
for  manufacturing  and  finishing  in  brass,  plated  silver  and  bronze, 
gas  and  electrical  fixtures.  The  sales  and  show  rooms  on  the  first 
floor  of  the  building  contain  a  very  large  aud  unique  display  of 
their  manufactures,  elegant  in  design,  elaborate  in  ornamentation 
and  perfect  in  construction. 

The  firm  employ  110  travelling  salesmen,  neither  do  they  ad- 
vertise except  through  a  handsomely  illustrated  catalogue  which 
contains  the  most  complete  illustration  of  gas  and  electric  light  fix- 
tures, of  rare  artistic  merit,  yet  published  by  any  firm  in  the 
United  States.  Their  trade  has  extended  all  over  the  country,  with 
an  export  demand  from  the  West  Indies,  Central  America,  South 
America,  Australia,  Canada,  and  other  countries,  solely  bv  the  re- 
putation they  have  acquired,  by  the  work  they  have  done,  which  is 
to  be  seen  in  many  of  the  larger  churches,  public  buildings,  club- 
house-, banking  aud  other  institutions  of  the  country. 

They  employ  two  hundred  skilled  artisans  aud  several  designers 
thoroughly  experienced  in  artistic  and  technical  art. 

The  plant  at  North  Eighth  street,  is  complete  in  every  respect 
and  every  article  manufactured  is  made  and  finished  on  the 
premises  under  the  immediate  superintendence  of  the  linn  bv  using 
the  latest  improved  machinery  and  methods  in  manufacture  anil  in 
the  art  of  gilding,  oxydi/.ing  and  bronzing. 

Special  designs  are  prepared  on  application  for  the  most  exten- 
sive a-  well  as  the  most  elaborate  fixtures  required,  and  estimates 
furnished. 

A  visit  to  the  establishment  will  satisfy  the  most  critical 
observer,  and  their  works  as  viewed  in  Cookiuau  M.  E.  Church, 
Jacob  Reed's  Sons  store,  German  Society,  Columbia  Avenue  M.  E. 
Church,  and  numerous  other  large  buildings  in  various  parts  of  this 
country,  will  convince  anyone  of  the  extent  of  their  operations. 


R.  H.  RAMSEY 

foremost  among  the  inventors  of  the  present  generation  may 
well  be  named  Mr.  R.  H.  Ramsey,  whose  car  transfer  apparatus, 
now  in  use  on  40  lines  of  railroad  in  the  United  States,  is  one  of 
the  most  wonderful  as  well  as  useful  inventions  of  the  age. 

Mr.  Ramsey  was  born  in  Cobourg,  Out,  in  1.N44,  and  was  edu- 
cated in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  town.  At  the  age  ofscven- 
tccn  he  became  engaged  in  the  freight  business,  and  from  his  obser- 
vations while  thus  engaged  he  wrought  out  this  wonderful  appa- 
ratus by  means  of  which,  without  skilled  labor,  and  by  force  of 
gravity  alone,  car  bodies  are  raised  and  replaced  upon  the  trucks 
with  greatest  possible  dispatch  and  without  straining  of  joints,  and 
without  cracking  the  varnish  on  passenger  and  sleeping  coaches, 
both  of  which  are  incident  to  the  use  of  jacks.  Mr.  Ramsey  first 
took  out  his  patent  in  1876,  and  two  others  in  May,  1878,  and  the 
year  last  named  he  introduced  his  system  to  general  notice.  The 
price  and  terms  of  a  patent  license  granting  the  right  to  construct 
aud  operate  the  apparatus,  arc  placed  at  a  figure  that  enables  any 
company  to  use  it  with  profit,  and  will  be  made  known  on  appli- 
cation to  Mr.  Ramsey  at  his  office  No.  743  Drcxel  Building,  Phila- 
delphia. 

His  system  is  now  in  use  on  the  Union  Pacific,  W.  N.  V.  &  P.. 
Pittsburg"  &  Western.  Savannah,  Florida  &  Western,  Utah  & 
Pacific,  and  many  other  railroads,  and  he  received  numerous  med- 
als from  Franklin  Institute.  World's  Industrial  Exposition,  New 
Orleans,  1885,  National  Exposition  of  Railway  Appliances,  Chi- 
cago. 1SS3,  and  other  expositions. 

His  invention  is  also  extensively  used  in  Russia,  Australia. 
Brazil.  Norway,  India  and  elsewhere  on  the  Eastern  Continent. 
He  has  also  copyrighted  an  engineer's  device  or  chart  for  locating 
an v  section  or  part  of  section  in  anv  township  and  range  where 
that  system  obtains,  which  is  of  great  utility. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


ALEXANDER    M'LEESTER 


GEORGE  W.  PLUMLY 


Now  proprietor  of  one  of  the  leading  type  foundries  in  the 
United  States,  known  as  the  Collins  &  M'Leester  Type  Foundry, 
was  born  October,  1S19,  in  the  county  of  Deny,  north  of  Ireland,  of 
Scotch-Irish  ancestry.  His  father,  who  had  been  in  prosperous  cir- 
cumstances, but  had  met  with  reverses,  came  to  this  country  with 
his  family  while  Alexander  was  yet  a  lad,  and  placed  him  as  a 
"  breaker  boy  "  in  the  type  foundry  of  Elihu  White  of  New  York, 
where  he  remained  until  he  had  passed  through  many  grades  of  the 
business  and  acquired  remarkable  dexterity  in  the  casting  of  type 
with  the  old  hand  mould.  In  fact  he  is  accredited  with  having  been 
the  most  rapid  tvpe  caster  in  the  country.  On  one  occasion,  in 
response  to  a  challenge  from  a  rival  foundry,  he  entered  into  a  con- 
test with  one  who  was  supposed  to  be  the  champion  caster  and 
gained  such  advantage  that  his  opponent  surrendered  when  the 
task  was  only  half  completed.  Realizing,  however,  that  he  was 
not  perfect  in  the  higher  branches 
of  the  art,  he  came  to  Philadel- 
phia and  apprenticed  himself  to 
Messrs.  Johnson  &  Smith,  after  he 
became  of  age,  for  a  tenn  of  three 
years,  and  served  until  he  became 
a  thorough  master  of  type  found- 
ing, when  he  sought  an  oppor- 
tunity to  engage  in  business  for 
his  own  account.  This  happened 
in  the  spring  of  1853,  when, 
through  the  intervention  of 
friends,  a  meeting  was  arranged 
between  him  and  Samuel  C.  Col- 
lins, a  son  of  T.  K.  Collins,  then 
and  for  many  years  previously  a 
leading  printer  in  Philadelphia, 
and  a  partnership  under  the  rirm 
name  of  Collins  &  M'Leester  was 
established.  Mr.  Collins  had 
learned  the  trade  of  printing  in 
his  father's  establishment,  and 
being  a  man  of  fine  presence, 
affable,  and  popular  in  manner, 
he  made  friends  with  the  pub- 
lishers and  printers,  and  notwith- 
standing the  bitter  opposition  of 
the  old  and  rich  concerns,  the 
young  firm  soon  obtained  a  foot- 
hold. The  Evening  Telegraph 
purchased  its  first  "dress"  from 
this  establishment,  and  probablv 
has  never  bought  type  from  any 
other.  The  Evening  Star  and 
Fitzgerald's  Item  were  among  the 
early  patrons,  and  the  business 
grew  until  now  probably  three- 
fourths  of  the  leading  journals  in 
the  city  and  the  State  are  printed 
with  the  Collins  &  M'Leester 
type.  The  North  American  has 
been  furnished  with  type  from 
this  foundry  for  more  than  twenty  years  to  its  entire  satisfaction. 
Wonderful  stories  arc  told  among  old  printers  of  the  amount 
of  wear  this  type  will  endure  and  few  who  have  once  used  it  can  be 
induced  to  take  any  other.  Mr.  M'Leester  gave  his  personal  atten- 
tion to  the  manufacture,  and  for  mauv  years  worked  at  night,  as 
well  as  by  day,  to  insure  prompt  execution  of  orders.  The  partner- 
ship continued  in  harmonious  relations  for  a  period  of  thirty  years 
when  it  was  terminated  by  the  death  of  Mr.  Collins,  which  occurred 
suddenly  July  13,  18S3.  Two  years  later  Mr.  M'Leester  purchased 
his  former  partner's  interest  and  is  now  the  sole  proprietor,  but 
retaining  the  old  firm  name. 

In  1S63  a  young  printer  named  Eugene  H.  Munday  entered 
the  establishment  and  has  remained  ever  since  until  he  is  now  its 
business  manager.  Possessing  talents  as  a  writer,  lie  edited  formally 
years  a  trade  publication  of  the  firm  called  The  Proa/Sheet,  to  which 
he  contributed  a  series  of  interesting  articles  on  "The  Press  of  Phila- 
delphia in  1870,"  and  has  written  poems  which  have  been  published 
by  J.  B.  Lippiucott  &  Co.  in  a  volume  remarkable  for  the  beauty  of 
its  typography. 

Mr.  M'Leester  was  for  many  years  a  vestrv  man  and  warden  in 
the  Old  Swedes'  church,  and  in  all  the  relations  of  life  has  been  a 
useful,  respected  and  excellent  citizen. 


Alexander  M'Leester 


This  well-known  and  old-established  concern  dates  back  to 
the  year  1846,  and  no  article  manufactured  enters  more  directly 
into  general  use  of  all  branches  of  business,  than  paper  boxes,  anil 
in  no  other  country  has  such  improvement  and  perfection  been  so 
thoroughly  attained  as  in  the  United  States.  The  premises  occu- 
pied for  manufacturing  and  trade  purposes  comprise  a  five-storv 
building  with  solid  stone  foundations,  Nos.  213,  215  and  217  N. 
Fourth  street  and  No.  326  Branch  street.  In  the  basement  is  the 
engine  room  and  cellar  for  storing  raw  material.  The  first  floor 
being  used  for  the  shipping  department  and  the  second  floor  is 
occupied  with  large  spacious  office,  elegantly  fitted  up,  the  rear 
part  of  which  is  used  as  a  store  room.  On  the  third  floor  goods  are 
packed  ready  for  shipment,  and  the  fourth,  fifth  and  sixth  floors  are 
occupied  by  the  employees  of  the  firm  for  manufacturing  purposes, 
there  being  some  280  hands  employed  the  year  round. 

The  business  extends  to  all 
parts  of  the  United  States  and 
Canada,  the  firm  making  a  spe- 
cialty in  druggists'  supplies  for  the 
wholesale  trade,  such  as  round  and 
plain  pill  boxes,  round  and  plain 
magnesia  and  charcoal  boxes, 
oblong  plain  powder  boxes,  slid- 
ing boxes  for  powders  and  loz- 
enges, round-shouldered  insect 
powder  boxes,  etc.,  etc.,  too  nu- 
merous to  here  mention. 

Mr.  Plumlv  is  a  thorough  ex- 
pert in  all  the  details  of  the  busi- 
ness to  which  he  has  devoted  for 
so  many  years  his  close  and  per- 
sonal attention,  and  is  noted  in  the 
trade  for  his  enterprise  in  adopt- 
ing every  improvement  that  will 
combine  quick  production  and 
economy  without  in  any  way  les- 
sening the  good  qualities  of  the 
product;  as  a  consequence,  the 
reputation  of  this  house  for  origi- 
nality of  design  and  first  class 
workmanship  is  unequalled  in  the 
trade,  and  the  goods  are  in  heavy 
and  influential  demand,  not  only 
in  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  but 
all  through  the  United  States 
and  Canada;  wholesale  druggists 
keeping  a  general  supply  of  their 
goods  always  in  stock. 

Mr.  Plumlv  is  the  sole  propri- 
etor and  to  him  the  credit  is  given 
for  doing  as  large,  if  not  a  larger 
business  than  any  other  house  in 
the  city  ;  the  capital  invested  in 
the  enterprise  is  about  3150,000. 
Orders  by  mail,  telegraph  or  tele- 
phone are  promptly  filled  at  the 
lowest  market  rates.  Mr.  Plumlv 
exercises  strict  supervision  over  the  business;  he  is  an  old  resi- 
dent, well  known  and  highly  respected  in  business  circles  as  an 
enterprising,  progressive  and  successful  business  man. 


AMERICAN  METER  COMPANY 

The  above  companv  manufacture  wet  and  dry  gas  meters,  sta- 
tion meters  with  patent  shaft,  etc.,  photometers,  pressure  registers, 
and  the  various  apparatus  used  in  gas  distribution.  Also  gas  stoves 
for  cooking  and  heating,  etc.  The  business  was  first  established  in 
18^4,  and  in  1863  was  incorporated  bv  the  following  named  gentle- 
men :  George  J.  McGowekcv,  Esq..  of  New  York,  president;  Wil- 
liam H.  McFaddcn,  Esq.,  of  Philadelphia,  vice-president;  William 
N.  Milsted,  Esq.,  secretary  and  treasurer,  of  New  York  City.  The 
manufactory  is  an  immense  brick  building,  five  stories  high,  on  the 
northwest  corner  of  Twentv-second  and  Arch  streets,  in  the  City  of 
Philadelphia,  also  one  at  50S  to  514  West  Twenty-second  street, 
New  York,  and  244  and  246  North  Wells  street,  Chicago,  with 
agencies  at  47  Water  street,  Cincinnati.  8 10  North  Second  street.  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  and  122  and  124  Sutler  street,  San  Francisco.  The  com- 
pany employ  about  250  hands,  all  told.  Descriptive  catalogues  are 
mailed  on  application. 


135 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIAXS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


ROBT.  J.  TAYLOR  &  SON 


The  artisans  of  the  present  day  are  very  far  ahead  of  the 
ancients  in  almost  every  trade.  There  are  indeed  but  few 
methods  now  in  vogue  that  were  used  by  the  ancients.  The 
smelter  has  made  perhaps  fewer  improvements  than  any 
other  line.  The  same  methods  that  were  in  use  centuries 
ago  are  still  used  in  some  particular  branches.  The  Cru- 
cible now  in  use  is  almost  identically  the  same  as  that 
used  by  the  smelter  who  plied  his  trade  before  the 
Christian  era.  Looking  further  into  the  modern  history 
of  Crucibles,  we  find  that  one  of  the  best  known  and 
largest  factories  devoting  their  entire  energies  to  this  line  is 
that  of  Messrs.  Robert  J.  Taylor  &  Son.  The  plant  is 
situated  at  the  southwest  corner  of  Nineteenth  and  Callow- 
hill  streets,  and  consists  of  large  three-story  brick  buildings, 
covering  a  large  space,  which  are  fitted  up  with  two  fifty 
horse  power  engines,  and  the  latest  improved  machinery, 
with  a  capacity  of  about  6000  Crucibles  per  week.  The  de- 
mand is  chiefly  for  two  kinds  of  Crucibles  containing  black- 
lead,  viz  :  Steel  and  Brass  Crucibles.  The  Steel  Crucibles 
are  usually  made  in  three  sizes,  No.  40,  in  which  about  75 
lbs.,  No.  50,  in  which  about  90  lbs.,  and  No.  60,  in  which 
about  105  lbs.  of  steel  are  melted.  The  Brass  Crucibles  are 
used  to  melt  all  other  metals  except  steel,  and  vary  in  sizes 
from  one  that  will  hold  but  a  few  ounces,  for  jewelers'  work, 
up  to  those  that  hold  2000  lbs.  Besides  the  above  ordinary 
manufacture,  the  firm  make  retorts,  (used  for  distilling  zinc 
from  silver,  etc.,)  covers,  stools,  dipping  cups,  stirrers, 
etc.,  etc  ,  and  the}'  make  to  order  any  size  or  shape,  all  of 
which  will  resist  the  highest  white  heat  known  in  the  arts, 
without  injury  or  destruction.  The  materials  used  consist  of 
black-lead  and  clay.  The  black-lead  is  all  imported  from 
the  Island  of  Ceylon,  and  comes  in  sizes  known  as  dust, 
lump  and  chip — securely  packed  in  barrels,  weighing  from 
600  to  Soo  lbs. — This  has  all  to  be  ground,  screened,  sifted 
and  bolted  until  it  is  brought  to  the  best  condition.  The 
clay  is  all  imported  from  Germany  :  although  this  is  not  per- 
fect in  quality  it  is  the  best  to  be  had  and  is  perhaps  the 
most  plastic  and  sticky  clay  known. 

As  in  all  branches  of  the  potter's  art  the  first  operation  is 
forming  the  vessel.  The  Crucibles  are  made  in  plaster  of 
Paris  moulds.  These  moulds  are  placed  on  a  revolving  wheel 
operated  by  steam  power.  A  ball  of  properly  worked  material 
is  then  placed  in  the  mould,  a  machine  called  a  jigger  is  then 
pushed  into  the  wheeling  mass,  the  mould  forming  the  out- 
side lines  and  the  jigger  the  inside.  The  freshly  made  Cruci- 
ble is  then  placed  on  a  rack  where  it  is  allowed  to  remain  un- 
til it  has  become  sufficiently  hardened  so  as  to  bear  its  own 
weight,  it  is  then  taken  from  the  mould  and  carefully  looked 
over  and  all  irregularities  in  shape  rectified  ;  from  there  they 
are  taken  to  the  warm  air  drying  room,  after  which  process 
they  are  placed  in  large  kilns,  and  burned  to  the  proper  heat, 
and  are  then  ready  for  shipment. 

In  looking  over  the  many  Crucibles  in  the  different  stages 
of  manufacturing,  at  Messrs.  Robert  J.  Taylor  &  Sons'  factory, 
one  is  reminded  of  the  Giant's  Causeway  with  the  towering 
black  column,  but  upon  closer  examination  they  appear  in 
their  true  shape — finished  product.  Here  are  to  be  found  all 
styles  and  varieties  of  Brass  Crucibles.  Steel  Crucibles,  Dip- 
ping Cups,  Stirrers,  etc., — in  fact  everything  in  this  line. 
The  quality  of  the  product  as  a  whole  is  perhaps  better 
than  any  other  in  this  country.  The  firm  have  been  serving 
the  United  States  Mints  for  many  years,  and  have  several 
strong  and  valuable  letters  from  them  referring  to  the  quality 
of  their  goods.  In  addition  to  supplying  the  Government  the 
firm  are  constantly  receiving  orders  from  the  largest  consu- 
mers of  Crucibles  throughout  the  country,  and  they  also  ex- 
port quite  a  number  to  Europe.  The  high  reputation  that 
Mr.  Taylor  and  his  son  have  attained  for  quality  is  due  to  the 
fact,  that  they  are  thoroughly  practical  men,  having  spent 
their  entire  business  career  in  this  line,  and  give  their  per- 
sonal attention  to  all  the  details. 


THE  THEODORE  C.  KNAUFF  COMPANY 

The  Theodore  C.  Knaufif  Company,  whose  offices  are  located  at 
23S  Dean  street  in  this  city,  is  the  oldest  firm  of  church  organ 
builders  in  the  United  States.  The  business  was  first  established 
in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  in  the  year  1S2S  by  Mr.  Henrv  Knauff, 
then  a  professional  musician,  who  had  planned  and  built  several 
small  organs.  He  visited  Boston  to  engage  a  builder  for  what  was 
at  that  time  considered  a  large  organ.  He  had  planned  it  for  the 
noted  Dr.  Bethune's  church,  then  on  Crown  street,  above  Race, 
Philadelphia.  The  building  is  still  standing  and  is  used  as  a  school- 
house.  Mr.  Knauff  being  unable  to  get  any  organ  builder  in 
Boston  to  undertake  building  so  large  an  instrument  returned  to 
Philadelphia,  secured  workmen  and  built  the  organ  for  Dr.  Bethune's 
church  himself,  though  then  without  the  facilities  of  a  factorv.  In 
1834,  Henry  Knauff's  first  regular  workshop  was  opened  in  Phila- 
delphia, in  a  building  which  had  been  erected  for  other  purposes,  on 
a  small  street  running  north  of  Cherry,  west  of  Eighth,  where  a 
large  three  manual  organ  was  built  that  year. 

The  principal  manufactory  of  the  Company  is  at  Newark,  Dela- 
ware, which  consists  of  large  brick  buildings  standing  on  six  acres 
of  land,  the  property  of  the  Company,  on  the  main  line  of  the 
Baltimore  &  Ohio  Railroad,  with  a  private  siding  running  directlv 
through  the  main  building,  by  which  means  supplies  and  finished 
work  can  be  unloaded  and  loaded  directly  at  the  spot  desired,  with- 
out unnecessary  handling  or  cartage.  When  the  several  buildings 
called  for  by  the  general  plans  are  all  completed,  the  six  acres  of 
land  will  be  nearly  all  covered  with  the  various  shops,  storehouses, 
lumber  sheds,  dryhouses,  offices,  etc.,  of  the  Company. 

The  "erecting"  room  is  in  the  middle  of  the  main  building 
and  is  spacious  enough  to  hold,  entirely  put  together,  the  largest 
organ.  The  interior  of  this  erecting  room  is  fifty-four  feet  long, 
seventy-five  feet  deep,  has  a  floor  surface  of  over  3000  square  feet, 
with  a  cubic  capacity  of  over  207,000  cubic  feet.  The  exterior  of 
this  portion  of  the  building  is  so  finished  as  to  suggest,  though  uot 
to  imitate,  a  large  organ.  A  portion  of  the  orgau  pipes  which  form 
the  exterior  finish  and  decoration  are  for  display  only.  The  por- 
tion in  the  cupola,  however,  are  speaking  flue  pipes  on  high  pres- 
sure wind,  suitable  for  out  of  door  effect.  These  are  played  at  the 
hours  by  the  clock  mechanism  in  place  of  striking  a  bell,  and  is 
quite  a  curiosity.  The  metal  shop  for  pipe  making  is  100  feet  in 
length  by  40  in  width,  in  which  the  soldering  furnace  and  melting 
pots  are  heated  by  a  separate  fuel  gas  system  from  the  Company's 
own  works  on  the  ground.  In  this  wing  is  also  located  the  fire 
proof  store-room  for  the  thousands  of  patterns,  scales,  etc.,  which 
have  been  accumulating  for  many  years.  Two  steam  engines  of 
seventy  horse  power  each,  one  being  a  beautiful  "  Armingtoti  and 
Sims,"  with  ample  boiler  capacity,  are  located  in  an  addition  in 
the  rear,  and  furnish  the  power  for  the  wood  working  anil  machine 
shops,  for  the  elevators,  for  other  special  purposes,  and  for  the 
heating  and  electric  lighting  plants,  the  building  being  heated  by 
steam  and  lighted  as  well  as  the  town  by  electricity  from  the  Com- 
pany's electric  plant.  A  system  of  exhaust  air  dust  collectors, 
worked  by  steam  suction  fans,  collects  the  shavings  and  refuse 
directly  from  the  wood  working  machines  and  benches,  and  carries 
them  to  the  shaving  vault  for  consumption  under  the  boilers. 
There  are  two  steam  elevators,  one  in  each  wing,  of  size  sufficient 
to  contain  the  largest  pieces  used  in  an  organ.  Automatic  fire 
sprinklers  and  fire  hydrants  extend  through  the  entire  building. 
The  machinery  includes  every  modern  tool  made  which  would  be 
of  any  use  in  the  business.  A  line  of  special  machinery,  made  to 
order,  has  been  added  for  the  manufacture  of  the  delicate  action, 
reed  and  other  work.  The  building  is  so  constructed  that  the 
work  in  the  several  departments  makes  a  certain  progression  or 
circuit,  avoiding  all  unnecessary  hauling  to  and  fro  with  conse- 
quent loss  of  time  and  money.  After  the  crude  material  enters  the 
building  it  follows  its  regular  course  until  it  reaches  the  erecting 
room  finished,  from  whence  it  is  packed  and  shipped  direct,  upon 
the  cars  in  waiting.  There  are  hundreds  of  men  employed  in  this 
factory  alone.  It  is  the  largest,  finest  and  most  complete  factory 
and  plant  for  the  manufacture  of  organs  in  the  world.  Their  organs 
can  be  seen  in  the  leading  Cathedrals,  Churches  and  private  resi- 
dences in  every  part  of  the  United  States. 

The  directors  and  officers  of  the  Company  are :  Theo.  C. 
Knauff,  President;  M.  Price,  Treasurer;  Geo.  H.  Carpenter,  Sec- 
retarv;  S.  M.  Curtis  (Vice-President  National  Bank,  Newark,  Del.), 
D.  M'cK.  Hobart. 


«6 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA NS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


POWERS  &  WEIGHTMAN'S  LABORATORY 


The  War  of  1S12,  with  Great  Britain,  created  a  great 
scarcity  of  chemicals  in  this  country  and  resulted  in  such 
high  prices  as  stimulated  their  manufacture  in  the  United 
States.     Consequently  in  181S,  a  building  on  the  north  side 


Powers  &  Weightman'S  Laboratory, 
Ninth  and  Parrish  Streets 


of  Arch 
street, 
west  of  Twelfth,  was  se- 
cured by  Messrs.  Farr 
&  Kunzi,  the  original 
members  of  the  pres- 
ent firm  of  Powers  &  Weightman,  and  used  by  them  as  a 
Laboratory,  being  among  the  first  buildings  used  for  that 
purpose  in  this  country. 

Constantly  increasing  business  made  it  necessary  to 
change  the  location  of  their  works  to  Fairmount  avenue 
above  Fourth  street,  and  finally,  in  1839,  to  their  present 
site  which  was  then  upon  the  outskirts  of  the  city. 

In  the  more  than  seventy  years  of  its  existence  the  firm 


name  has  undergone  but  three  changes.  In  1838  to  John 
Farr  &  Co.  ;  in  1841,  to  Farr,  Powers  &  Weightman,  and  in 
1848,  to  Powers  &  Weightman. 

The  Laboratory  at  the  Falls  of  Schuylkill,  where  some 
seventy  acres  are  owned  by  this  firm,  was  erected  in  1848, 
and  its  capacity  has  been  increased  by  the  erection  of  other 
buildings  as  the  necessities  of 
the  business  demanded.  Here 
are  made  sulphuric,  nitric, 
muriatic,  tartaric,  citric  and 
other  acids,  as  well  as  alum, 
blue  vitriol,  epsom  salt,  sul- 
phate of  iron,  magnesia,  etc., 
etc.,  the  output  of  which  is 
enormous. 

The  annexed  engraving 
represents  their  City  Labora- 
tories at  Ninth  and  Parrish 
streets,  which  are  also  very 
extensive  and  include  four 
large  buildings,  the  largest  of 
which  contains  their  offices 
occupying  half  a  square,  the 
buildings  being  190x360  feet 
and  most  of  them  five  stories 
high  ;  another,  a  warehouse 
of  same  height,  is  80  x  100 
feet  which,  with  two  other 
large  storage  buildings  are  in 
constant  use.  At  the  City 
Laboratories  are  made  sill- 
s' \  phate  of  quinine  (of  which  Powers  &  Weightman 
V.  originated  the  manufacture  in  this  country  and 
which  has  for  many  years  been  one  of  its  staple 
products),  morphine  and  its  salts,  the  various  iodides 
and  bromides  and  a  full  line  of  mercurials,  as  well  as  a 
large  quantity  of  medicinal  and  photographic  chemicals, 
carrying,  in  fact,  a  general  assortment  of  the  officinal  prepa- 
rations of  British  and  United  States  Pharmacopoeias,  vary- 
ing as  the  Pharmacopoeias  and  business  changes  demand. 
The  firm  enjoys  a  world-wide  reputation  not  alone  for  the 
purity  and  beauty  of  its  chemicals  but  also  for  the  fairness 
and  liberality  underlying  all  its  dealings.  It  deservedly 
occupies  a  position  in  the  front  rank  of  the  largest  chemical 
manufacturers  of  the  world  and  furnishes  a  rare  instance, 
in  business  circles,  of  a  firm  presenting  to  the  community 
an  untarnished  reputation  during  an  active  existence  cov- 
ering more  than  three  generations. 


Illlllllllllllllllllllllli 


]  1 1 J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 


i37 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


WILLIAM   AMER  &  CO. 


JAMES  E.  D1NGEE 


This  is  the  oldest  Morocco  Manufacturing  house  in  the  LTnited 
States.  It  was  organized  in  1S32  by  William  Amer,  the  father  of 
Edward  C.  Amer,  now  the  senior  member  of  this  firm.  The  firm 
style  at  the  commencement  of  the  business  was  Amer  &  Eveland, 
succeeded  by  Amer  &;  Bird,  then  by  Amer  &  Fritz,  which  was 
finally  dissolved  and  James  D.  Wood  was  admitted  under  the  firm 
style  of  William  Amer  &  Co.  During  the  partnership  Mr.  Wood 
deceased.  After  an  apprenticeship  of  seven  years,  and  thereby 
gaining  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  business,  the  senior  member 
as  above  stated,  was  admitted  as  partner  in  1S67,  and  Mr.  Augustus 
Amer  two  years  later;  he  died  while  a  member  of  the  firm.  In 
1S75  the  founder  of  the  business  died.  Charles  D.  Kenworthey, 
having  been  in  the  employ  of  the  house  for  a  decade  of  years,  be. 
came  partner  in  1876,  and  John  G.  Taylor  who  had  been  with  the 
house  seventeen  years  was  admitted  in  1SS6.  Hence  the  present 
members  of  the  firm  respectively  are  :  Edward  C.  Amer,  Charles  D. 
Kenworthey  and  John  G.  Taylor,  but  the  firm  style  of  William 
Amer  &  Co.  is  retained. 

The  business  was  first  located  at  the  corner  of  Dillwyn  and 
Willow  streets  ;  in  1S44  a  new  factory  was  built  at  Third  and 
Willow  streets,  and  the  business  moved  to  its  present  location.  In 
1SS1  property  adjoining  was  purchased,  because  of  increased 
demand,  which  doubled  the  capacity  of  the  factory. 

Only  the  finest  grades  of  morocco  are  manufactured  from  goat 
skins  fur  ladies'  shoes.  Until  four  years  ago  these  skins  were  tanned 
in  sumac,  a  leaf  of  a  bush  grown  in  Virginia,  and  the  imported 
article,  Sicily  sumac,  grown  mi  the  island  of  Sicily.  The  skins 
were  finished  into  boot  skins  or  oil  dressed  leather  ;  French 
Morocco,  a  high  gla/.cd  leather  ;  Brush  Kid,  a  smooth  line  leather 
for  ladies'  slippers — and  Brush  Grain.  But  the  demand  has  changed 
and  the  famous  French  Kid  is  required.  These  skins  are  tanned 
in  alum  and  called  Alum  Straight  Kid.  Some  by  the  combination 
tannage,  a  mixture  of  alum,  salt  and  gambia,  ami  various  '>thcr 
tannages.  After  a  year  of  experimenting  by  this  firm,  they  suc- 
ceeded in  perfecting  an  article  not  only  as  good  as  the  imported 
French  Kid,  but  superior  in  many  respects,  being  a  better  color, 
stronger,  softer  and  consequently  more  pliable  to  the  feet,  and 
being  able  to  produce  it  at  much  less  cost  it  has  superseded  the 
demand  for  the  imported  article  and  has  almost  driven  it  out  of  the 
market. 

The  present  capacity  of  the  factory  is  seventy-five  thousand 
dozen  skins  per  annum,  or  two  hundred  and  fifty  dozen  per  day. 
In  1S32  when  the  business  was  begun  the  output  was  but  eight  to 
ten  dozen  per  day. 

Branch  houses  have  been  established  in  Boston  and  Cincinnati 
where  a  thriving  business  is  being  carried  on.  Mr.  Edward  C. 
Amer,  the  senior  member,  has  a  general  superinteudency  of  all  the 
affairs  of  the  house,  hence  the  whole  business  is  under  a  straight- 
forward and  careful  supervision. 

Mr.  Charles  D.  Kenworthey  has  charge  of  the  financial  part  of 
the  business  and  has  proven  his  competency  long  ago.  Mr.  John  G. 
Taylor  was  thoroughly  instructed  by  the  senior  member  in  the 
manufactory  of  morocco  and  he  has  full  charge  of  that  department. 
The  goods  manufactured  by  this  firm  are  popular  all  over  the 
country  and  have  become  celebrated. 

We  have  in  this  sketch  an  example  of  what  strict  attention  to 
business  will  do  towards  reaching  the  pinnacle  of  success,  and  it  is 
a  remarkable  fact  that  this  house  in  the  fifty-nine  years  of  its  exis- 
tence has  not  "  shut  down  "  one  hour.  They  have  passed  through 
all  the  financial  panics,  and  stand  to-day  second  to  none,  for  sterl- 
ing integrity  and  highest  commercial  rating. 

Few  firms,  if  any,  in  this  city  can  claim  a  larger  percentage 
of  increase  in  "output"  than  the  firm  of  William  Amer  &  Co., 
and  another  commendable  feature  is  that  they  have  in  their  employ 
several  who  have  been  with  them  from  youth  to  man  and  woman- 
hood aud  to  a  ripe  and  honorable  old  age.  Why  cannot  this  be 
more  generally  the  case  where  such  a  large  force  is  demanded. 


Edmund   Dingee,   founder  of  above  firm  and   father  of 
James  E.  Dingee,  began  the  business  of  brick  making  in  the 
year  1S32,  at  Eleventh  and  Chestnut  streets,  where  the  Girard 
Row  now  stands.     The  natural  course  of  improvements  com- 
pelled the  removal  of  the  plant  to  the  outlying  districts  of  the 
city.     He  then  located  his  works  at  Fifth  and   Green  streets, 
from  which  site  he  removed  to  Eighth  and  Poplar  streets,  and 
later  to  Seventh  and  Master  streets,  and  then  to  Sixteenth  and 
Green  streets,  and  then  to  Twentieth  and  Master  streets.     In 
1S5S  the  plant  was  removed  to  Twenty-fourth  and  Columbia 
avenue.     Mr.  James  E.  Dingee,  having  been  in  his   father's 
employ  for  some  years,  learning  the  business,  was  taken  in  as 
member  of  the  firm  in  the  above  year.     Mr.  Edmund  Dingee's 
death  occurring  in  the  year  1S62,  Mr.  James  E.  Dingee  con- 
tinued the  business  at  the  above  place  until  the  year   1S82, 
whenhe  built  140  dwelling  houses  on  theground,  and  removed 
the  works  to  the  present  locations,  viz..  Twenty-fifth  and  Dia- 
mond, Twenty-second  and  York,    Twenty-fourth  and   Cum- 
berland, and   Twent\--sixth   and  York  streets,  with  main  of- 
fice at  the  latter  place.     There  are  eighteen   acres  of  ground 
enclosed,  and  the  yearly  output  has   increased  from   700,000 
bricks    in    1832   to  32,000,000   in    1891.     f'ntil   the  rear  18S1 
bricks  were  made  entirely  by  hand,   but  in   that   vear   brick 
making  machinery  was  introduced.      There  is,  however,  still 
a   limited  amount   made  by  hand,    notably    the   front   press 
brick,  for  which  this  firm  has  established  a  reputation.      The 
firm  employ  about  400  hands  and  35  teams.     It   is  estimated 
that  during  the  past   twenty  years  the}-  have  furnished  the 
brick  for  700  dwellings  per  year.      The}'  have  also  shipped 
brick  to  all  the  principal  points  in  the  United  States.    Among 
some  of  the  larger  contracts  filled  can  be  mentioned  Bergner 
&  Engel,  J.  F.    Betz   &   Sons,    Louis   Bergdoll,    and  J.   &   P. 
Baltz,  brewers  ;  Park  Theatre.  Girard   Avenue  Theatre,   Pub- 
lie  Buildings  for  three  years,  three  buildings   at  Girard  Col- 
lege grounds,    Diamond  Electric   Light   Company  Building, 
and  a  number  of  churches  and  school   houses,    and   some  of 
the  largest  sewers  built  in  this  city.      In  the  year   1890  Mr. 
Dingee  made  extensive  improvements  in   his   machine  yard, 
having  purchased  and  removed  to  his  grounds  the  large  build- 
ings comprising  Machinery  Hall  and   Poultry  House  at  the 
State  Fair  grounds,   Fifteenth  and  Lehigh  avenue.     He  had 
improved  machinery  and  new  brick  machines  placed  in  these 
buildings,  also  a  patent  steam  dryer,  making  one  of  the  most 
complete  plants  for  the  manufacture  of  bricks   in   this  coun- 
try.    This  plant  was  destroyed   by  fire  on   the  second  day  of 
May,  1891,  and  within  two  months  it  was  rebuilt  and  in  com- 
plete running  order.     It  is  estimated  that  this  firm  have  man- 
ufactured and  sold  700,000,000  bricks  since  it  was  established 
in  the  year  1S32.     They  are  receiving  and  handling  orders  for 
any  quantity  of  brick   required   for  building  operations,    the 
daily  average  delivery  being  about  100,000  per  working  day. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIAXS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


H.  D.   JUSTI 

About  the  year  1819,  porcelain  teetli  were  first  manufactured 
in  this  country  and  a  number  of  persons  experimented  in  this  line 
with  more  or  less  success.  Mr.  H.  D.  Justi  of  Philadelphia,  in 
1852,  first  had  his  attention  called  to  artificial  teeth,  and  in  his 
experiments  succeeded  in  making  a  number  of  very  marked 
improvements. 

Up  to  about  the  year  1855,  only  one  kind  of  teeth  had  been  manu- 
factured, teeth  for  gold  and  silver  plate,  and  but  very  little  attention 
had  been  paid  to  their  construction  of  form  to  approach  nature. 
Then  a  rubber  base  was  introduced,  and  from  that  time  the  entire 
dental  business  has  been  revolutionized.  Mr.  H.  D.  Justi  seeing 
that  there  was  room  for  improvement,  succeeded  in  constructing 
moulds  suitable  to  the  various  formations  of  the  jaws,  adopting 
curved  lines  in  which  he  could  sink  any  depth  around  the  neck 
of  the  teeth  to  receive  the  gum  color,  and  temporizing  the 
materials  so  that  in  one  very  easy  operation  he  had  the  tooth  ready 
to  finish.  This  mode  of  manufacturing  artificial  teeth  has  been 
copied  by  all  other  manufacturers. 

The  cut  herewith  represents  Mr.   H.   D.   Justi's   new   factory 
at  Thirtv-second  and  Spring  Garden  streets,  which  was  built  and 
fitted   up   expressly   for  the   purpose   of  manufacturing  artificial 
teeth   and   all    other    implements 
used  by  the  dental  profession. 

A  large  stock  of  artificial 
teeth,  dental  instruments,  filling 
materials,  etc.,  alwavs  kept  on 
hand  at  H.  D.  Jus'ti's  Dental 
Depots,  66  Madison  street,  Chi- 
cago, 1301  and  1303  Arch  street, 
Philadelphia. 


lions  of  chemical  bricks,  and  will  willingly  give  many  references 
as  well  as  any  desired  information  concerning  their  reliability  and 
economy. 

Mr.  Remmey  was  born  in  Philadelphia  in  1835,  and  received 
his  education  in  the  Master  street  school  which  was  built  by  his 
father,  Henry  Remmey.  He  was  brought  up  in  business  with  his 
father  until  he  was  twenty-one  years  of  age,  when  he  branched  out 
for  himself  in  a  small  way  at  Marshall  and  Poplar  streets,  from 
there  to  Frankford  road,  occupying  a  whole  block.  He  has  been 
not  only  remarkable  for  the  energy  with  which  he  has  conducted 
his  business,  but  for  the  genius  he  has  displayed  in  perfecting  and 
improving  the  quality  of  his  chemical  bricks  and  other  articles. 

His  business  has  greatly  increased,  requiring  additional  room 
and  facilities.  In  1873  he  removed  to  his  present  location  on  Cum- 
berland street  and  is  now  building  a  branch  establishment  on  Rich- 
mond street,  running  to  the  Delaware  river,  covering  some  thirteen 
acres  and  convenient  to  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  and  Belt  Line 
Railroad. 

Mr.  Henry  Remmey,  father  of  R.  C.  Remmey,  was  a  Philadel- 
phian,  an  enterprising  gentleman  much  respected  in  his  dav.  He 
represented  his  district  [Kensington]  in  Select  Councils  from  1S36 
to  1844,  was  an  old  line  Whig  and  a  strong  friend  of  Henry  Clay. 


RICHARD   C.   REMMEY 

The  manufacturing  chemists 
of  this  country  and  Europe  as 
well  as  a  great  portion  of  manu- 
facturers and  builders  of  the  city 
of  Philadelphia  will  recognize  the 
name  of  Remmey  as  connected 
with  the  improvements  made  in 
the  manufacture  of  chemical  acid- 
proof  fire  bricks,  blocks,  tiles, 
chemical  stoneware  and  similar 
articles  used  by  chemists,  rolling 
mills,  lime  kilns,  glass  works,  etc., 
who  has  brought  all  these  articles 
to  their  present  state  of  utility 
and  perfection.  The  object  of 
this  work  is  not  only  to  describe 
the  great  industries  of  the  city 
but  as  well  to  call  attention  to 
manv  things  in  use  concerning 
the  manufacture  of  which  but 
little  is  generally  known. 

Mr.  Remmey  is  the  proprietor  of  an  establishment  that  dates 
its  existence  back  to  the  year  1783  and  has  enjoyed  the  confidence 
and  respect  of  those  who  have  had  business  intercourse  with  him. 

The  productions  of  Mr.  Remmey's  have  always  sustained  a 
good  reputation  and  the  house  has  since  it  began  business  ever  been 
alert  to  adopt  any  methods  suggested  by  scientific  research  to 
improve  the  character  of  its  products,  and  to-day  there  is  probablv 
no  brand  so  favorably  known  as  the  "  Remmey.  "  Chemical  Stone- 
ware in  capacities  from  12  gallons  to  250  gallons  is  made  by  the 
firm  and  larger  sizes  when  specially  ordered. 

His  Chemical  bricks  are  no*  known  throughout  the  United 
States  and  Europe  for  great  strength,  sustaining  heavy  weight,  resist- 
ing great  heat,  acid  and  all  kinds  of  gas.  They  will  not  corrode  in 
use  and  will  last  hundreds  of  years  in  chimneys  and  in  all  kinds  of 
gas  flues,  and  in  chemical  manufacture  and  dye  works.  In  all  cases 
where  coal  is  burned  in  quantities  the  chimney  should  be  con- 
structed of  chemical  brick,  not  only  to  assist  distribution  by  the 
coal  gas,  but  as  a  preventer  of  destructive  fires  in  consequence  of 
flues  becoming  defective.  Ordinary  fire  bricks  are  unsafe — they 
will  not  withstand  gases.  Experience  proves  that  coal  gas  corrodes 
them  in  a  short  time. 

Mr.  Remmey's  chemical  bricks  are  hard  as  steel,  made  from  a 
peculiar  kind  of  clay  to  stand  all  tests  and  for  many  years  have 
been  in  use  by  the  largest  acid  manufacturers  in  the  country. 

During  his  many  years  of  business  he  has  made  several  mil- 


PARTRICK,  CARTER  &  CO. 

One  of  the  oldest  and  largest 
houses  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia 
and  United  States,  extensively- 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of 
electrical  supplies  for  the  tele- 
graph, telephone,  electric  light, 
etc.,  is  that  of  Messrs.  Partnek, 
Carter  &  Co.,  whose  offices  and 
factory  are  located  at  125  S.  Sec- 
ond street.  The  progress  made  in 
the  last  twenty  years  in  the  vari- 
ous branches  of  electrical  science 
is  something  marvellous.  In 
every  department  there  has  been 
uniform  and  constant  progress  and 
more  than  six  hundred  millions 
of  capital  is  invested  to-day  in 
this  branch  of  the  business  in  the 
United  States.  In  twelve  years 
good  positions  have  been  provided 
for  more  than  250,000  persons, 
not  to  mention  the  large  number 
of  laboring  people  who  have  found 
employment  in  the  various  de- 
partments of  electrical  work. 

The  business  was  originally 
established  in  1S67,  by  the  late 
James  Partrick.  The  present  part- 
ners who  trade  under  the  above 
firm  name  are,  Franklin  S.  Car- 
ter, Charles  M.  Wilkins  and  E. 
Ward  Wilkins,  all  of  whom  have  been  connected  with  the  house 
from  its  early  days. 

For  a  number  of  years  the  firm  was  located  at  114  S.  Second 
street,  but  on  account  of  the  constant  growth  of  their  business  they 
became  cramped  for  room,  and  it  became  necessary  for  them  to 
secure  more  extensive  premises.  Hence  they  decided  to  remove 
to  225  S.  Second  street  and  131  Gothic  street,  the  removal  occurred 
on  January  1,  1891.  By  this  removal  the  house  has  secured  better 
facilities  of  every  kind.  They  now  have  over  20,000  square  feet  of 
floor  space  as  against  6,000  feet  at  the  old  address.  The  main  build- 
ing is  a  handsome  and  substantial  iron  front  structure,  of  five  lofty 
floors  and  basement,  each  120  feet  deep,  the  Gothic  street  building 
forming  an  "  L  "  which  is  20  x  50  feet  and  five  stories  high.  The 
firm  have  put  in  a  great  deal  of  new  machinery,  and  in  other  ways 
increased  their  manufacturing  facilities  and  they  have  also  more 
room  than  heretofore  for  the  display  of  stock.  They  are  now 
better  prepared  than  ever  before,  to  meet  all  the  demands  for  elec- 
trical apparatus  and  supplies  that  may  be  made  upon  them.  The 
firm  make  and  sell  about  everything  that  can  be  called  for  under 
the  above  classification,  and  we  have  no  hesitation  in  saying  that 
there  is  no  concern  in  the  country  that  manufactures  or  handles 
more  reliable  goods  than  they  do.  They  sell  to  the  trade  exclu- 
sively and  ship  to  all  parts  of  the  United  States  and  also  to  various 
foreign  countries. 


D.  Justts  Works 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHIL  A  DELPHI 'A  NS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


FAYETTE  R.  PLUMB 

Fayette  R.  Plumb,  the  subject  of  our  present  sketch,  was 
born  in  Gowanda,  Erie  County,  New  York,  May  2,  1S4S. 
His  father,  Col.  Joseph  H.  Plumb,  is  one  of  the  most  promi- 
nent citizens  of  Western  New  York,  having  retired  from  ac- 
tive business  life  some  years  ago,  with  ample  wealth  to  devote 
his  attention  to  unremunerative  work.  His  grandfather, 
Ralph  Plumb,  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Erie  county,  and 
was  prominently  connected  with  the  mercantile  interests  of 
Buffalo  during  the  War  of  1S12. 

Mr.  Plumb's  early  childhood  was  spent  at  Gowanda,  his 
native  village,  but  upon  his  attaining  the  age  of  fourteen 
his  parents  thought  it  advisable  to  give  him  greater  educa- 
tional advantages  than  those  available  near  home,  and  he 
was  forthwith  sent  to  the  Fredonia  Academy,  Chautauqua 
county,  New  York.  Here  he  remained  but  one  year,  when 
the  Model  School,  of  Trenton,  N.  J.,  attracted  his  attention, 
and  he  continued  his  studies  there.  Two  years  were  spent  at 
this  place,  when  he  again  changed  his  course  and  became  a 
student  at  Williston  Seminary,  East  Hampton,  Mass.  Here 
he  graduated  in  the  class  of  1S67,  as  a  full  student  of  the 
English  Department.  Upon  leaving  school  he  became  anx- 
ious to  enter  business  immediately,  and  coming  to  this  city 
in  the  following  summer,  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  well 
known  firm  of  Lloyd,  Supplee  &  Walton  (now  Supplee  Hard- 
ware Company),  for  the  purpose  of  learning  the  hardware 
business. 

After  remaining  with  this  firm  for  two  years  he  formed 
a  partnership  with  Jonathan  Yerkes,  who  since  1856  had 
been  engaged  in  building  up  a  business  for  the  manufacture 
of  hammers.  This  partnership  was  formed  in  the  spring  of 
1S69,  and  the  new  business,  under  the  name  of  Yerkes  & 
Plumb,  started  in  a  complete  new  works  erected  at  the  corner 
of  Church  street  and  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad.  These 
works  were  considered  of  ample  capacity,  and  being  provided 
with  all  the  facilities  for  conducting  an  increased  business,  it 
was  thought  sufficient  for  the  demand  for  years  to  come. 
The  business  continued  to  grow  rapidly,  however,  and  in  1881 
another  removal  took  place,  the  present  site  of  the  works 
being  selected  from  its  easy  railroad  connections.  Although 
the  business  was,  at  its  founding,  devoted  exclusively  to  ham- 
mer making,  it  gradually  broadened  its  field,  and  now  in- 
cludes an  extensive  output  of  hammers  and  sledges,  also 
edge  tools,  picks,  mattocks  and  grub  hoes,  and  quite  a  line 
of  railroad,  blacksmiths'  and  miners'  tools.  The  raw  mate- 
rials are  chiefly  iron,  steel  and  hickory,  the  latter  being  de- 
livered in  rough  pieces,  split  out  to  length,  as  all  the  handles 
are  turned  and  finished  at  the  works. 

Mr.  Jonathan  Yerkes  retired   from  the  business  in  April, 

1556,  but  the  same  firm   name  was  continued  until  July  1, 

1557,  when    it    became    that  of  the  proprietor,   Fayette  R. 
Plumb. 

The  present  works  occupy  four  acres  of  ground  on  the 
east  side  of  the  New  York  Division  of  the  Pennsylvania  Rail- 
road, between  Frankford  and  Bridesburg  stations,  and  are 
connected  with  the  railroad  by  a  siding  400  feet  long,  run- 
ning directly  through  the  warehouse,  which  is  1S0  by  60  feet, 
and  is  used  for  storing  raw  material.  There  are  three  build- 
ings in  the  main  works,  viz.,  forge  shop,    grinding  and  pol- 


ishing shop,  and  storehouse.  The  grinding  and  polishing 
shop,  30  by  175  feet,  two  stories,  is  connected  with  the  store 
rooms  and  offices,  a  building  of  the  same  size  and  appear- 
ance, by  a  building  50  by  68  feet,  two  stories,  containing  the 
engine  and  boilers,  and  a  portion  of  the  finishing  department. 
The  forge  shop,  50  by  200  feet,  is  connected  with  the  grind- 
ing shop  by  a  storage  room,  40  by  60  feet.  The  new  machine 
shop,  30  by  72  feet,  and  new  tempering  room,  24  by  72  feet, 
were  added  during  1SS8,  while  in  1S89  the  forge  shop,  50  by 
60  feet,  for  the  manufacture  of  picks,  mattocks  and  grub  hoes, 
was  erected  parallel  to  the  main  forge  shop. 

Early  in  the  year  1890,  finding  that  the  quarters  for  the 
wood  working  and  finishing  departments  were  becoming 
crowded,  a  new  building,  75  by  28  feet,  two  stories,  was  also 
added,  while  during  the  present  year  additions  to  the  grind- 
ing and  tempering  departments  have  just  been   completed. 

All  buildings  are  constructed  with  the  best  material,  con- 
sisting of  hard  brick  walls,  finished  with  slate  roofs,  which 
gives  a  pleasing  uniformity  of  appearance. 

Since  the  retirement  of  Mr.  Yerkes  the  annual  output  of 
the  works  has  been  increased  nearly  100  per  cent.,  and  now 
constitutes  the  largest  business  in  the  United  States  in  this 
particular  line.    • 

The  trade  is  not  confined  to  any  special  locality,  but  ex- 
tends to  all  parts  of  the  United  States  ;  in  fact,  there  is  not  a 
market  of  any  prominence  in  the  country  where  these  goods 
are  not  well  and  favorably  known,  while  the  export  trade  in- 
cludes Canada,  South  America,  Australia,  German}'  and  the 
west  coast  of  Africa. 

Although  these  works  already  take  the  lead  among  oth- 
ers of  the  same  class,  Mr.  Plumb  lately  made  the  statement 
that  during  the  next  ten  years  he  hopes  to  double  their  present 
production. 

He  never  received  what  could  be  called  a  special  education 
to  prepare  him  for  the  manufacturing  business,  but  has  grown 
up  and  developed  with  the  establishment  he  now  controls. 

Much  of  his  time  for  the  first  fifteen  years  was  given  to 
building  up  the  business  by  traveling,  while  Mr.  Yerkes 
looked  after  the  manufacturing  department.  All  of  his  spare 
time,  however,  was  devoted  to  making  himself  thoroughly 
familiar  with  the  methods  and  practical  details  of  the  work, 
so  that  when  it  become  necessary  to  assume  entire  charge  of 
all  the  departments  of  the  business,  he  found  himself  fully 
prepared  to  do  so. 

Mr.  Plumb  has  an  agent  at  Sydney,  who  looks  after  the 
Australian  trade,  and  during  the  past  five  years  has  been 
employed  in  a  thorough  canvass  of  that  trade,  as  Mr.  Plumb 
considered  it  one  of  the  best  of  all  foreign  markets  for 
American  tools.  His  action  had  been  justified,  owing  to  the 
fact  that  nearly  all  of  the  tools  now  used  in  that  country  are 
American  made,  our  patterns  being  very  superior  to  the 
English. 

Mr.  Plumb  has  issued  a  very  completely  illustrated 
catalogue  of  the  goods  he  manufactures,  which  is  con- 
sidered the  finest  work  of  the  kind  ever  issued  to  the  hard- 
ware trade.  Medals  have  been  awarded  him  for  his  displays 
made  at  the  Centennial  Exhibition  in  1S76,  International 
Exhibition  at  Sydney,  N.  S.  W.,  in  1S79,  also  at  tne  World's 
International  Cotton  Exhibition  held  at  New  Orleans  in  1SS3. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


CHARLES  ENEU  JOHNSON 

This  widely  known  printing  ink  manufacturer  was  born   in 
Philadelphia,  March   2,  1829.     He  is  the  descendant  of  a  line  of 
pioneer  ink   manufacturers,  and  has   built  up   on   the   foundation 
which  they  laid  one  of  the  most  extensive  and   complete  printing 
ink  manufactories  in  the  United  States.     His  grandfather,  Charles 
Johnson,  founded  the  business  January  7,  1804,  on  the  site,  Tenth 
and  Lombard  streets,  where  the  offices  ar.d  chemical  departments 
of  the  company  are  still  located.     When  he  commenced  business 
there  were  no  manufactories  of  this  class  in  this  country  (though 
the  Sowers,  of  Germantown,  had  made  printers'  ink  for  their  own 
use  in  the  last  century),  and  the  general  demand  was  supplied  by 
importations    from    England    and   Germany,    the   products   being 
shipped  here  packed  in  skins.     Mr.  Johnson  commenced  with  a 
■very  small  capital,  and  had  the  misfortune  to  have  his  establish- 
ment almost  totally  destroyed  by  fire  within  a  vear  after  he  com- 
menced business,  a  fact  noted  in  the  North  American  of  that  date, 
which  mentions  him  as   "our  enterprising  fellow  townsman,"  but 
he  persevered,  and  succeeded 
in  forcing  the  foreign  product 
out  of  the  American   market. 
He  continued  the  business  un- 
til March  2,  1S27,  when  he  re- 
tired in  favor  of  his  son ,  Charles 
Johnson,  Jr.,  and  died  April  15, 
1840,  at  the  age  of  sixty-eight. 
The  son   made    improvements 
in  the  processes  of  production 
anil  greatly  extended  the  man- 
ufacture, but   after    an   active 
business  life  of  seventeen  years 
he    withdrew,    being    in    turn 
succeeded   by  his  son,  Charles 
Eueu    Johnson,    under    whose 
administration  the  concern  has 
grown  vastly  in  extent,  reputa- 
tion   and   importance.     While 
retaining   the    original    build- 
ings on  Tenth  street  for  offices 
and    the   testing  of  inks,    new 
and  very  extensive  works  cov- 
ering several  acres  have  been 
erected    in    the    southwestern 
part    of    the    city,    where    the 
grinding,  mixing  and   various 
other   manipulations    required 
in  the  manufacture  are  carried 
on.     Here  are  the  huge  tanks 
for  the   oils,  and  an    immense 
quantity  of  material  is  stored 
to    meet    any    demand.      The 
operation  of  stilling  and  retort 
are  separated  from  the  carbon 
works,   the    latter   being  abso- 
lutely fire-proof   buildings. 
Many  of  the  artisans  in  these 
works  have  been    in    the   em- 
ploy of  the  company   during 
their  whole  lives,  and  it  is  one 
of  Mr.  Johnson's  distinguishing  characteristics  that  he   will  not 
part  with  a  competent  and  faithful  employee  for  slight  cause,  and 
those  who  remain  until  disabled  by  old   age   are   kinrllv  cared   for. 
One  old  and  faithful  colored  man  who  had  worked  in  the  grinding 
department  for  fifty-eight  years  was  recently  retired  on  a  pension 
of  520  a  week  and  house  rent  free. 

The  firm  manufacture  not  only  newspaper  and  book  inks,  but 
the  most  brilliant  of  colored  lithographic  and  typographic  inks, 
and  an  inspection  of  the  expensive  sample  cards  they  issue  will 
give  a  better  idea  of  the  resources  of  this  establishment  than  any 
written  description  can  do.  But  while  they  may  be  said  to  make 
all  kinds  of  printing  inks,  they  never  have  made  and  probably 
never  will  make  any  of  the  rosin  or  inferior  inks  with  which  the 
market  is  too  abundantly  supplied,  or  resort  to  the  trick  of  giving 
under  weight  to  compensate  for  low  prices. 

Mr.  Johnson  has  now  two  sons,  Harry  Eneu  and  William  W. 
Johnson,  who  have  been  carefully  educated  as  chemists  and  for 
practical  service,  and  it  is  probable  that  in  the  fourth  generation 
the  firm  will  have  extensive  works  on  the  Pacific  coast  to  supply 
the  markets  of  Australia,  South  America,  Mexico  and  Japan, 
besides  the  branch  offices  they  now  have  in  the  leading  cities  of 
the  United  States. 


Charles   Eneu   Johnson 


EAVENSON  &  SONS 

Jones  Eavenson  and  his  eldest  son,  Allen  F.,  came  to  Philadel- 
phia in  1S57,  from  Chester,  Pennsylvania,  where  they  had  been 
born  and  reared.  Having  settled  in  Philadelphia,  they  embarked 
in  the  business  of  manufacturing  soaps,  but  having  a  verv  small 
capital  and  but  one  kettle,  the  capacity  of  which  was  oiily  800 
pounds,  they  could  do  but  very  little  at  first.  They  began  business 
on  Melon  street  below  Eleventh,  in  a  small  building,  but  thev  pros- 
pered and  soon  rented  a  larger  building  on  Hubbell  street  above 
Catharine.  Business  here  also  prospered  beyond  their  fondest  ex- 
pectations, and  they  were  quickly  enabled  to  obtain  all  the  neces- 
sary appliances  needed  to  meet  the  demands  of  their  increasing 
trade.  Business  continued  to  improve  until  1866,  when  thev  pur- 
chased a  property  at  the  southeast  corner  of  Twentieth  and  Carlton 
streets.  Here  thev  obtained  a  building  45  x  90  feet,  and  three 
stories  high  in  which  there  were  kettles  capable  of  boiling  about 
9,000  pounds  of  soap  per  week.  From  this  time  forward  additional 
kettles  were  added  and  machinery  of  the  most  improved  kind  in- 
troduced. In  1S70,  the  front 
of  the  building  on  Twentieth 
street  had  four  stories  placed 
upon  it,  making  an  addition 
of  45  by  60  feet.  In  18S7,  they 
purchased  three  dwelling 
houses  adjoining  their  factorv 
in  the  rear,  fronting  on  New- 
bold  street.  Immediately  the 
houses  were  razed  together 
with  the  old  factory  and  they 
covered  the  entire  lot  with  a 
new  building  five  stories  high 
with  basement.  It  has  a  capa- 
city to  turn  out  25,000  pounds 
of  soap  per  week.  January  1, 
186S,  M.  M.  Eavenson  was  ad- 
mitted to  an  interest  in  the 
business,  and  the  firm  so  con- 
tinued until  March,  18S3,  when 
the  senior  member  passed  away 
in  the  seventy-ninth  year  of 
his  age.  On  January  1,  18S4, 
F.  V.  and  \V.  J.  Eavenson  were 
admitted  to  partnership,  and 
since  that  time  the  firm  has 
remained  unchanged.  The  out- 
put of  this  house  is  the  largest 
in  the  State  and  goes  all  over 
the  country,  and  their  many 
shipments  abroad.  The  spe- 
cialties arc  high  grade  laun- 
dry and  fine  toilet  soaps,  and 
as  now  situated  the  offices  are 
at  313-315  N.  Twentieth  street. 
The  factory  is  at  1920-22-24-26- 
2S-30  Carlton  street.  On  No- 
vember 6,  1S7  r ,  the  entire  fac- 
tory was  destroyed  by  fire.  It 
was  rebuilt  so  quickly  that  it 
had  soap  boiling  in  seven 
weeks.  Everybody  must  use  soap  of  some  kind,  and  Eavenson 
&  Sons  manufacture  the  very  highest  grades  of  both  laundry 
and  toilet  soaps. 


THE  PHILADELPHIA  TRUSS  COMPANY 

The  Philadelphia  Truss  Company  (Herman  Becker)  was  estab- 
lished in  1S50,  and  is  now  located  at  610  Locust  street,  on  Washing- 
ton Square,  in  a  building  specially  arranged  for  its  uses,  and,  com- 
plete with  all  modern  appliances,  sends  its  products  throughout  the 
world,  and  supplies  a  large  number  of  goods  to  the  United  States 
Government.  The  firm  while  being  extensive  manufacturers  are 
also  heavy  exporters,  make  specialties  of  the  Champion  truss,  elas- 
tic stockings,  braces  and  supporters.  Its  most  important  work  is 
in  surgical  hosiery,  hard  rubber  trusses,  and  crutches.  Its  exten- 
sive operations  outside  of  the  country  have  necessitated  the  estab- 
lishment of  a  number  of  foreign  branches,  as  in  Montreal,  Ontario, 
Toronto,  and  London,  England.  It  was  awarded  a  gold  medal  at 
the  New  Orleans  Exposition,  and  special  medals  at  the  Philadelphia 
Centennial  Exhibition.  It  guarantees  every  piece  of  work  turned 
out.     A  glance  through  the  establishment,  and  even  a  quick  inspec- 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


tion  of  the  various  work  required,  and  the  number  of  workmen  and 
workwomen  employed  in  this  manufacture,  shows  how  great  must 
be  the  demand  for  the  goods  produced  by  this  house.  It  is  in  com- 
paratively recent  years  that  capitalists  thought  it  worth  while  to 
invest  their  money  in  these  specialties.  Before  that  time  there 
were  innumerable  crude  appliances  which  seemed  to  answer  their 
purpose  fairly  well,  until  the  men  who  had  made  astudy  of  the  sub- 
ject saw  that  vast  improvement  was  possible  and  determined  upon 
making  it.  While  almost  perfection  has  been  reached  in  the  mak- 
ing of  trusses,  etc.,  and  all  the  varieties  of  surgical  hosiery,  the 
advance  in  price  over  the  awkward  appliances  of  so  little  while  ago 
is  almost  infinitesimal,  and  when  it  is  remembered  how  much  longer 
these  modern  articles  last,  and  with  how  much  greater  comfort  and 
satisfaction  they  are  worn,  they  are  by  far  cheaper  than  the  things 
they  have  superseded.  In  all  manufactories  which  appeal  for  sup- 
port from  the  afflicted  and  cater  to  their  relief,  there  must  assuredly 
be  greater  care  than  in  the  ordinary  work-shop.  For  this  reason, 
among  other  reasons,  only  the  very  best  material  is  used  by  the 
Philadelphia  Truss  Company,  and  they  employ  only  the  most 
skilled  labor.  The  building  of 
the  company  is  pleasantly  lo- 
cated directly  opposite  Wash- 
ington Square  on  the  south 
side.  It  is  three  stories  in 
height,  and  all  the  space  is 
devoted  to  its  own  uses.  The 
business  offices  are  on  the  first 
floor,  the  work  rooms  above. 
Its  machinery  is  operated  by- 
steam.  All  who  patronize  this 
house  are  assured  of  satisfac- 
tion as  their  goods  are  first- 
class  and  A  I. 


JAMES  MOORE 

There  is  probably  no  one 
better  known  in  the  iron  and 
steel  industries  in  the  City  of 
Philadelphia  than  Mr.  James 
Moore,  proprietor  of  the  fa- 
mous Bush  Hill  Iron  Works, 
one  of  the  most  extensive  man- 
ufactories in  this  city,  which 
covers  one  square  and  two- 
thirds,  with  a  frontage  of  670 
feet  on  Buttonwood  street  and 
20S  feet  on  Spring  Garden 
street,  where  they  employ 
about  350  men  when  running 
on  full  time.  Mr.  Moore's 
successful  career  in  business 
furnishes  another  illustration 
of  what  can  be  done  by  indus- 
try and  perseverance.  He  was 
born  in  County  Down,  Ireland, 
August  7,  18 18,  on  a  farm 
upon  which  his  ancestors  for 
generations  had  been  born  and  raised,  and  he  came  to  this  country 
with  his  father  in  1827,  locating  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia.  He 
received  his  education  in  the  public  schools,  and  ever  since  has 
been  closely  identified  with  the  growth  and  interests  of  the  city. 

At  the  age  of  sixteen  he  left  school  and  selected  the  machinery 
business  by  entering  as  an  apprentice  with  the  well  known  firm  of 
Coleman  Sellers  &  Co.,  the  works  of  whom  were  located  in  Upper 
Darby,  Delaware  county.  The  firm  did  a  large  business  in  paper 
mill  work  and  stationary  engines,  and  were  the  pioneers  in  build- 
ing locomotives.  Mr.  Moore  manifested  great  aptitude  for  his  trade. 
Showing  marked  mechanical  ability,  he  was  given  every  oppor- 
tunity to  gain  a  thorough  knowledge  in  the  machine  business.  On 
August  7,  1S39,  he  found  the  iron  industries  of  the  country  com- 
pletely prostrated,  owing  to  the  low  tariff  of  1S33  then  in  force. 
Shortly  thereafter  he  was  given  the  position  as  master  mechanic  of 
the  new  railroad  opening  up  from  Chambersburg  to  Hagerstowu. 
A  better  pecuniary  position  was  offered  to  him  by  the  proprietors  of 
the  Bush  Hill  Oil  Cloth  Factory  in  Philadelphia,  operated  by  Isaac 
Macauley,  which  he  accepted,  and  remained  until  1843  in  charge  of 
the  works.  Mr.  Moore  was  not  satisfied  with  the  business  and  ac- 
cepted a  position  with  I.  P.  Morris  &  Co.,  one  of  the  leading  con- 
cerns at  that  time  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  and  in  a  few  months 
later  was  placed  in  full  charge  of  the  machine  shops,  where  he  re- 


fefet 

w  **■ 

*. 

w7  *   ^^ 

"T^'.^IJHE 

\?S 

Y>'» 

w  - 

if? 

v  fy^il 

' 

maincd  until  the  spring  of  1846,  when  the  nucleus  of  the  present 
Bush  Hill  Iron  Works  was  formed.  Four  gentlemen,  each  having 
charge  of  four  different  departments,  entered  into  partnership  and 
operated  under  the  title  of  Neall,  Matthews  &  Moore.  The  loca- 
tion on  which  the  present  works  stand  was  formerly  occupied  by- 
Oliver  Evans,  Rush  &  Muleuberg,  who  had  been  doing  quite  an 
extensive  business  in  engines  and  millwrighting.  The  firm  at  once 
took  quite  a  prominent  position  in  the  engine  and  rolling  mill 
trade,  which  steadily  increased.  In  1850  Mr.  Moore  visited  Cuba, 
and  laid  the  foundation  of  a  business  in  sugar  machinery  which 
grew  to  large  proportions,  and  further  progress  in  the  business  was 
stopped  in  consequence  of  the  civil  war  in  that  country.  The  part- 
ners one  by  one  withdrew,  and  the  works  finallv  passed  into  the 
control  and  ownership  of  Mr.  Moore  in  1S70.  He  had  verv  exten- 
sive dealings  with  nearly  all  the  large  iron  and  steel  workers  in  the 
United  States,  particularly  the  steel  rail  mills,  and  most  of  them 
are  largely  indebted  to  his  skill  and  knowledge  of  the  business  for 
the  plants  they  have  up  to  the  present  day. 

Mr.  Moore  was  married  in  1852,  and  has  two  living  daughters 
and  one  son,  the  latter  taking 
quite  an  extensive  interest  in 
the  business.  The  large  tract 
of  land  on  which  the  buildings 
are  erected  is  the  property  of 
Mr.  Moore,  as  the  result  of 
years  of  industry  and  close  ap- 
plication to  business.  The 
house  is  noted  throughout  our 
leading  commercial  and  finan- 
cial circles  for  its  honorable 
methods  of  doing  business  and 
sterling  integrity,  and  stands 
as  a  tower  of  strength  and  one 
of  the  best  representative  con- 
cerns of  its  kind  in  the  City  of 
Philadelphia.  Mr.  Moore  is  a 
member  of  the  Manufacturers' 
Club  and  is  one  of  our  public 
spirited  and  influential  citi- 
zens. 


James  Moore 


PENN  LUMBER  COMPANY 

The  business  was  origin- 
allv  established  by  J.  B.  Givin 
&  Sons,  in  1877,  and  continued 
under  their  management  until 
March  I,  1SS7,  when  the  Penn 
Lumber  Company  was  organ- 
ized and  the  business  of  the 
Messrs.  Givin  was  merged  into 
the  company.  The  company 
was  chartered  under  the  laws 
of  Pennsylvania,  with  a  capi- 
tal of  $200,000.  They  own  and 
operate  eleven  saw-mills  and 
two  shingle-mills,  besides  S.000 
acres  of  timber  land.    The  out- 


put of  the  mills  is  estimated  at  So, 000, 000  feet  of  white  pine, 
hemlock  and  hard  wood  lumber,  and  their  trade  is  largely  con- 
fined to  the  Middle  and  Eastern  States,  but  very  large  shipments 
of  hard  wood  are  made  to  points  in  the  interior,  as  far  west 
as  Chicago. 

The  present  officers  of  the  company  are  :  Andrew  Kane,  Presi- 
dent;  J.  K.  P.  Hall,  Secretary  and  Treasurer;  John  B.  Givin,  Man- 
ager. They  are  all  men  of  recognized  ability  among  the  trade, 
tlieir  experience  covering  a  long  period  of  years,  and  the  success 
the  company  has  attained  is  due  largely  to  their  untiring  efforts  in 
promoting  its  interests.  To  the  excellence  of  the  work  turned  out 
is  also  due  a  part  of  their  prosperity,  as  the  trade  in  general  place 
their  orders  with  implicit  confidence,  knowing  full  well  they  will 
receive  their  goods  promptly  and  entirely  as  represented.  The 
principal  office  of  the  company  is  located  in  rooms  712,  713,  715 
and  716  Girard  Building,  at  Broad  and  Chestnut  streets,  but  they 
have  in  addition  a  branch  office  at  Pittsburgh,  and  while  the  latter 
is  necessary  to  carry  on  the  extensive  business,  yet  all  the  actual 
business  is  transacted  through  the  Philadelphia  office. 

The  several  mills  of  the  company  are  among  the  largest  in  the 
State,  and  are  equipped  with  the  very  best  and  latest  machinery 
the  markets  offer.  They  are  all  under  careful,  capable  heads,  and 
manned  by  large  forces  of  skilled  mechanics. 


143 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


EDWIN  H.  FITLER  &  CO. 

One  of  the  oldest,  most  prominent  and  reliable  firms  in  the 
City  of  Philadelphia,  especially  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of 
rope,  cables  and  binder  twine  is  that  of  Edwin  H.  Fitler  &  Co., 
23  North  Water  street.  Their  factory  is  located  at  Bridesburg,  in 
the  City  of  Philadelphia,  on  the  New  York  Division  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania Railroad.  The  factory  and  buildings  cover  about  twentv 
acres,  and  600  hands  are  employed.  The  company  have  sidings 
which  connect  with  railroad  tracks,  so  that  tliev  have  everv  facility 
for  shipping  direct  to  any  part  of  the  United  States  ;  no  hauling  is 
necessary  under  any  circumstances,  which  gives  them  greater  facil- 
ity and  advantages  in  supplying  their  numerous  patrons. 

It  is  indeed  quite  a  curiosity  to  know  the  original  start  of  this 
concern,  which  dates  back  to  September  13,  1817,  and  in  those  days 
everything  in  the  manufacture  of  rope,  etc.,  was  done  bv  hand, 
no  machinery  being  used  at  all,  and  fifty  tons  of  rope  manufactured 
in  a  year  was  considered  a 
marvel  of  industry. 

Here  is  a  copy  of  the  bill 
of  sale,  the  origin  and  start  of 
this  immense  concern,  which 
will  be  read  with  more  than 
ordinary  interest,  as  the  won- 
derful development  of  to-day 
as  compared  with  the  limited 
facilities  of  that  date. 

BILL  OF  SALE. 

This  cloth  certeffv  that  I, 
Win.  W.  Blackburn  of  Phila- 
delphia, doth  bargain,  sell  and 
release  to  Michael  Weaver, 
mpe-maker  of  the  Northern 
Liberties,  to  his  heirs,  admin- 
istrators or  assigns  forever, 
all  my  stock  in  trade,  such  as 
flax,  tow,  twines,  fishing  lines, 
with  different  sorts  of  white 
cordage,  also  all  the  fixtures, 
such  as  counter,  shelves,  scales 
and  weights,  tools,  etc., and  all 
therein  contained.  In  store  No. 
20  North  Water  street,  Phila- 
delphia, belonging  to  Stephen 
Girard,  Esq.,  for  the  sum  of 
three  hundred  and  fifty  dollars 
lawful  money  of  Pennsylvania. 

Wm.  W.  Blackburn. 
Philadelphia,  Sept.  13,  1S17. 

r  Chas.  Clement, 

I  John  Sailer. 

From  fifty  tons  per  annum 
in  olden  times  to  10,000  tons 
is  the  increase  in  the  material 

sold  by  this  firm  last  year.  They  ship  goods  all  over  the  United 
States  and  Territories  and  even  extend  as  far  as  Russia  and  other 
foreign  countries. 

The  firm  of  Edwin  H.  Fitler  &  Co.,  so  long  established,  now 
consists  of  Edwin  H.  Fitler,  Edwin  H.  Fitler,  Jr.,  and  William  W. 
Fitler.  As  manufacturers  of  cordage,  etc.,  they  are  known  all  over 
the  world,  and  the  magnitude  of  the  business  can  be  better  imagined 
than  described  when  we  state  that  the  capital  invested  in  the  enter- 
prise is  not  less  than  two  and  a  half  millionsof  dollars.  They  man- 
ufacture ropes  of  all  kinds  and  descriptions,  manilla  cordage,  sisal 
rope,  Russian  hemp,  American  and  New  Zealand  ;  the  latter  a  new 
fibre  becoming  a  very  important  factor  in  the  trade.  They  are  also 
sole  agents  for  Rhode  Island  Tool  Company  Ship  Hardware,  the 
John  A.  Roebling's  Sons  &  Co.  Wire  Rope  and  sole  agents  likewise 
for  the  Penfield  Block  Co. 

All  the  members  of  this  establishment  are  natives  of  the  City  of 
Philadelphia.  The  growth  and  prosperity  of  this  firm  are  onlv  com- 
mensurate with  the  energy,  ability  and  enterprise  of  its  proprietors, 
who  sedulously  maintain  the  character  of  their  productions,  thereby 
meeting  the  exacting  demands  of  the  trade.      From  the  inception 


II  tine 


the  business  has  been  under  the  able  management  of  thorough  prac- 
tical men  of  capacity  and  integrity,  and  has  acquired  a  world  wide 
reputation,  superior  to  which  no  other  house  in  the  trade  can  boast. 
The  senior  member  of  the  firm,  whose  portrait  appears,   Hon. 
E.  H.  Fitler,  was  in  1SS6  proposed  and  nominated  by  the  citizens 
of  Philadelphia,  on  the  Republican  ticket  for  Chief  Magistrate  of 
this  City,  and  he  was  elected  by  over  30,000  majority,  the  largest 
given  to  any  Mayor  of  this  City.     He  served  four  years,  occupying 
the  mayoralty  chair  with  great  distinction  and  to  the  entire  satis- 
faction of  the  community,  and  at  the  expiration  of  his  term  of  office 
it  was  freely  expressed  and  admitted  that  he  was  one  of   the  best 
Mayors  Philadelphia  ever  had.     The  framing  of  a  new  charter  for 
the  City   of   Philadelphia  and  the  ends  and  aims  desired  to  be 
attained  thereby,  are  matters  of  public  historv.     The  "Act  to  pro- 
vide for  better  government  of  cities  of  the  first  class  in  this  Com- 
monwealth," was  passed  by  the  Legislature  June  1,  18S5,  and  gave 
to  the  Mayor  of  the  City  responsibilities  and  duties   greater  than 
those  resting  upon  the  Chief 
Executive  of  any  other  muni- 
cipality  in   the    Union.     The 
position  was  one  of  grave  re- 
sponsibility, and  was  further 
complicated    by  the  fact  that 
there  was  no  precedent  to  fol- 
low, and  the  new  incumbent 
would  have  to  formulate  and 
lay  out  a  course  of   action  to 
be  followed  by  his  successor. 
It   was   therefore  evident  that 
the   Mayor  of  this   City   must 
not  only  be  a  man  of  business 
sagacity  and  executive  ability, 
but  have  courage   to  stand  by 
his    own    opinion  and  convic- 
tions    against     political     and 
social  pressure.    In  this  respect 
Mr.  Fitler  was  eminently  suc- 
cessful, and  his  high  political 
principles   and   prominent  so- 
cial    and    business     standing 
aroused  widespread  enthusiasm 
all  over  the  city.     The  esteem 
in  which  Mr.  Fitler  is  held  by 
his    colleagues    in    the    trade 
was  evidenced  by  his  election 
as  President  of  the  American 
Cordage  Manufacturers'  Asso- 
ciation.    He  is  also  a  Director 
of  the   National   Bank  of  the 
Northern    Liberties    and    the 
North  Pennsylvania    Railroad 
Conipanv ;    President    of    the 
Union  League,  and,  during  his 
term   as    Mayor,    ex-officio    a 
Director  of  the  Park  Commission,  the  Board  of  City  Trusts,  the 
Public  Buildings  Commission,  and  the  Edwin  Forrest  Home. 

As  a  business  man  Mr.  Fitler  is  prompt  and  energetic,  noted 
for  his  keen  perceptions,  his  ready  grasp  and  apprehension  of  the 
real  points  at  issue,  and  the  rapidity  and  correctness  of  his  decisions. 
His  counsel  and  opinion  are  continually  sought  by  others,  and  cheer- 
fully given.  He  has  always  been  at  the  front  of  all  public  charities 
and  enterprises,  and  has  never  considered  his  personal  interests  or 
convenience  at  any  time  when  national  or  local  questions  were 
involved. 

Mr.  Fitler's  integrity  and  financial  standing  is  of  the  highest 
order.  With  him,  "his  word  is  his  bond."  He  holds  a  high 
social  position,  and  is  as  charitable  as  he  is  unostentatious  in 
his  benefactions,  and  his  gentlemanly  deportment  in  private  and 
business  life  has  gained  for  him  the  highest  respect  of  our  leading 
citizens,  in  addition  to  the  hearty  endorsement  of  the  best  elements 
of  all  political  parties,  and  he  is  one  of  the  most  active  and  suc- 
cessful business  men  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia. 


Edwin  H.  Fitler 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


JOHN  T.  BAILEY  &  CO. 

A  greater  quantity  of  twine  and  burlap  bags  are  made  by  the 
Corn  Exchange  Bag,  Rope  and  Twine  Manufactory,  John  T.  Bailey 
&  Co. ,  proprietors,  than  by  any  other  firm  in  the  United  States. 
The  factories  at  Front  and  Tasker  streets  have  all  the  improved 
machinery  and  appliances,  and  they  give  employment  to  800 
hands,  and  at  their  factory  in  Baltimore  there  are  also  a  large 
number  of  employees.  The  Philadelphia  factory  being  close  to 
the  river  front,  and  on  the  line  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  gives 
great  facilities  for  the  receipt  of  raw  material,  and  for  transporta- 
tion to  any  part  of  the  world  for  the  manufactured  goods.  Mr. 
John  T.  Bailey,  the  senior  member  of  the  present  firm,  began  in  1S57 
to  manufacture  bags  in  a  small  way  in  an  establishment  on  Arch 
street  above  Front.  He  was  the  founder  of  the  business  and  was 
born  in  Ireland  in  1830.  He  arrived  in  the  United  States  in  June 
1S51  and  established  the  existing  house  as  before  stated  in  1857. 
Mr.  John  T.  Bailey  is  a  prominent  member  of  the  Commercial  Ex- 
change and  has  been  its  president.  He  was  a  member  of  the  original 
Committee  of  One  Hundred 
and  for  two  years  sat  in  Coun- 
cils. At  the  commencement  of 
his  business  all  cloth  bags  used 
for  commercial  purposes  were 
sewed  by  hand,  and  the  output 
was  then  about  forty  bags  each, 
daily,  twenty  seamstresses 
being  employed.  Six  months 
after  the  starting  of  the  factory 
Mr.  James  Cascaden  was  ad- 
mitted into  partnership.  The 
machinery  for  preparing  the 
bags  for  the  market  at  that  day 
was  so  crude  that  instead  of 
printing  the  labels  on  the  bags 
they  were  done  by  hand  with 
stencils.  In  1862,  owing  to 
the  civil  war,  the  high  price  of 
cotton  made  it  necessary  to 
secure  some  substitute  for  the 
manufacture  of  bags.  The 
burlaps  then  made  solely  at  the 
Dundee  Mills,  Scotland,  were 
selected  and  this  enabled  them 
to  compete  successfully  with 
the  other  cheap  bags.  The 
price  of  labor  advancing,  power 
machines  of  various  qualities 
were  introduced,  and  this 
change  increased  the  business 
almost  at  once,  improvements 
were  introduced  every  year. 
The  sewing  machine  greatly 
augmented  the  output  of  the 
establishment  and  another  long 
step  in  advance  was  taken 
when  the  antiquated  stenciling 
was  replaced  by  clear  cut  print- 
ing. The  junior  partner,  Mr. 
Cascaden,  died  in  1S6S,  and  the  560.000  which  he  had  invested  in 
he  firm  was  withdrawn  in  1S69.  Mr.  Christopher  Bailey,  a  twine 
manufacturer  of  Dublin,  Ireland,  was  invited  by  his  brother  Mr.  John 
T.  Bailey  to  associate  himself  with  him  in  twine  making  in  Phila- 
delphia. Mr.  Christopher  Bailey  was  an  expert  in  this  business 
and  the  new  department  entered  upon  a  prosperous  career  from  the 
start.  It  was  not  a  very  large  building  near  the  Delaware  river  at 
Otsego  and  Morris  streets  in  which  the  manufacture  of  twine  was 
begun. 

At  this  time  much  of  the  twine  used  in  the  United  States 
was  imported  from  England,  but  after  the  firm  of  John  T.  Bailey  & 
Co.  introduced  power  machinery  thev  shipped  twine  to  all  parts  of 
the  United  States  and  to  Canada.  There  was  a  large  opposition  at 
the  beginning  to  machine  made  twine  but  at  last  the  public  became 
familiarized  with  its  use.  Many  of  the  improvements  in  the 
machinery  are  the  inventions  of  Mr.  Christopher  Bailey,  and  the 
best  foreign  machines  have  been  imported.  No  twine  is  to-day 
imported  to  this  country.  John  T.  Bailey  &  Co.  make  more  than 
any  other  four  mills  in  the  United  States.  Enormous  quantities 
are  sent  to  the  grain  binding  machines  in  the  far  west.  Every 
quality  of  twine  is  produced  aud  thousands  of  pounds  are  turned 


John   T.  Bailey 


out  for  tying  cards,  for  wood,  paper,  cotton,  wool,  and  all  the  other 
innumerable  purposes  for  which  twine  is  used.  The  raw  hemp  is 
of  various  kinds,  the  American  or  what  is  called  the  Kentucky 
hemp,  Russian,  Italian  and  India  hemps,  and  the  sisal  grass  of 
Mexico.  In  1S81,  the  mill  at  Otsego  and  Morris  streets  was 
enlarged.  In  1882  it  turned  out  75,000  pounds  a  week,  to-day  the 
same  mill  produces  over  100,000  pounds  per  week,  the  yearly  value 
being  $ 725, 000.  There  are  employed  300  persons  and  the  work 
they  accomplish  could  not  have  been  done  by  3,000  work  people 
when  twine  making  was  done  by  hand.  In  186 r,  the  bag  factory 
of  the  firm  was  removed,  because  of  the  necessity  of  more  room, 
from  Arch  street  above  Front,  to  Front  street  above  Arch.  The 
increasing  demand  for  greater  accommodations  required  another 
removal  to  Water  and  Market  streets  and  again  in  1S73  to  1 18  Chest- 
nut street.  The  adjoining  building  No.  1 20  was  soon  secured  and 
in  1SS0,  Nos.  232  and  234  Market  street  were  added  for  the  sewing 
department.  All  the  hands  in  the  sewing  department  are  now 
transferred  to  the  new  mill  at 

Otsego     and     Morris    streets. 

The  sales  of  the  Philadelphia 
house  in  bags  alone  amount 
to  3800,000  per  year,  while  the 
volume  of  the  entire  business 
exceeds  52.000,000  per  vear. 
The  twine  and  rope  of  this 
house  were  awarded  a  medal 
and  diploma  for  the  highest 
merit  at  the  Centennial  Exhi- 
bition in  1876. 

Mr.  Frank  Cascaden,  a 
half  brother  of  the  former 
partner,  James  Cascaden,  en- 
tered the  employ  of  the  house 
when  eighteen  years  of  age, 
and  since  1865  has  been  con- 
nected with  the  bag  depart- 
ment. He  came  into  the  firm 
in  1870,  his  special  duties  being 
the  sale  of  the  phosphate  and 
fertilizer  bags  and  to  the  at- 
tention of  the  trade  of  the  flour 
mills  of  St.  Louis,  Milwaukee 
and  Minneapolis. 

Mr.  William  G.  Bailey, 
son  of  John  T.  Bailey,  was  ad- 
mitted into  the  firm  in  18S3. 
He  completed  his  scholastic 
education  under  the  tuition  of 
his  uncle  Christopher  Bailey 
and  then  made  a  thorough 
study  of  twine  and  bag  man- 
ufacture, and  so  gained  a 
knowledge  that  would  enable 
him  to  manage  the  business  of  the  entire  firm  or  any  one  of  its 
branches.  There  are,  besides,  two  other  sons,  Albert  B.  and 
Walter  A.,  each  having  charge  of  a  separate  department,  are 
members  of  the  firm  and  thoroughly  acquainted  with  all  the 
details  of  the  business.  Mr.  Bailey  congratulates  himself  upon 
nothing  so  much  as  the  valuable  assistance  rendered  him  by  his 
sons.  Mr.  Samuel  C.  Miller,  the  cashier  and  chief  bookkeeper, 
was  formerly  with  the  Corn  Exchange  Bank  and  brought  with  him 
the  highest  recommendations,  which  have  been  fully  justified 
throughout  his  connection  with  the  house. 

At  the  branch  house  established  in  Baltimore  in  18S1,  two  hun- 
dred hands  are  employed  in  the  bag  factory  the  product  going 
south.  The  head  of  this  branch  is  John  C.  Maurice,  and  much  of 
its  success  is  acknowledged  to  be  due  to  his  energy.  The  sales 
here  in  1SS8  were  f6oo,ooo.  The  sales  since  that  year  have  steadily 
increased.  The  sales  departments  of  the  firm  are  now  located  at 
the  new  building  erected  by  the  Girard  Estate  at  123s  Market 
street,  where  the  products  of  the  mills  are  displayed.  These  build- 
ings are  among  the  most  impressive  of  the  many  magnificent 
structures  in  this  city  now  noted  for  its  massive  specimens  of  archi- 
tecture. 


145 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


TRACY  WORSTED  MILLS  COMPANY 

Among  the  more  important  industries  of  the  citv  of  Philadel- 
phia is  the  fine  Tracy  Worsted  Mill,  which  with  magnificent  sub- 
stantiality and  solidity,  is  situated  on  the  banks  of  the  Schuylkill, 
and  covers  one  whole  block,  bounded  by  Spruce  and  Pine  anil 
Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  streets.  The  mills  are  models  of  all 
that  is  required  to  carry  on  a  great  industry,  and  they  form  a  show 
place  for  all  those  who  admire  and  study  a  perfect  industrial  estab- 
lishment. The  mills  were  established  by  Griswold  Tracv  &  Co.  in 
1S67,  and  they  were  the  outgrowth  of  the  original  Yewdall  Mills  of 
Hestonville.  Mr.  Yewdall  being  the  founder  of  the  worsted  indus- 
tries of  the  United  States.  The  present  mills  were  built  in  1870, 
and  were  at  first  operated  by  Tracy  &  Co.,  but  as  the  business 
increased  so  rapidly,  it  was  found  necessary  to  form  a  stock  com- 
pany. Accordingly  in  1S90  the  firm  was  incorporated  under  the 
name  of  the  Tracy  Worsted  Mills  Co.  J.  V.  McCollum  is  presi- 
dent, R.  C.  Binder  secretary  and  general  manager,  and  Charles  P. 
Roberts  treasurer. 


THOS.  CARRICK  &  CO. 

Proprietors  of  the  Philadelphia  Steam  Biscuit  Bakerv. 

During  the  past  twenty-five  years  such  a  great  amount  of 
knowledge  in  relation  to  adulteration  has  been  gained,  that  all  per- 
sons should  be  particularly  careful  to  purchase  nothing  but  goods 
from  thoroughly  reliable  and  honest  dealers,  or  else  the  product  is 
nearly  sure  to  be  adulterated,  and  many  ingredients  are  deleterious 
to  health.  Perhaps  no  firm  in  its  particular  line  enjovs  a  becter  rep- 
utation than  Messrs.  Thos.  Carrick  &  Co.  This  house  is  the  out- 
come of  the  firm  of  Carrick  &  Co. ,  whose  place  of  business  was  sit- 
uated on  Market  street. 

Mr.  Carrick  retired  from  the  above  mentioned  firm  in  1S73, 
and  the  year  following  he  entered  into  an  equal  partnership  with 
Mr.  Frank  Burns;  the  firm  continued  thus  until  March,  1S91,  when 
Mr.  Carrick  died  and  Mr.  Burns  became  sole  proprietor.  The  prem- 
ises are  advantageously  located  on  Twenty -second  street  above  Arch. 
The  building  has  a  frontage  of  40  feet,  and  extends  back  about  100 
feet,  it  is  a  brick  structure,  three  stories  in  height  and  arranged 


l'pacbryofY 


Blaffi 


The  Tracy  Worsted   Mills 


OO  Dating  from  1S67  the  Tracy's  are  the  oldest  and  largest  manu- 
facturers of  worsted  yarns  in  the  country.  Mr.  Binder  has  been 
connected  with  the  mills  since  1S67,  and  before  that  time  he  was 
with  Mr.  Yewdall,  where  he  succeeded  in  acquiring  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  all  the  branches  of  manufacturing  connected  with  the 
industry.  It  is  to  the  untiring  efforts  and  perfect  knowledge  of  this 
gentleman  that  the  Tracy  mills  have  been  enabled  to  establish  their 
reputation  and  their  great  trade.  The  exclusive  product  of  the  mills 
is  worsted  yarns  for  the  manufacture  of  coatings,  cloakings,  and  also 
for  the  hand  knitting  of  fancy  articles.  The  firm  employs  many  hun- 
dred workmen  and  women,  and  the  manufactures  rind  readv  sales  all 
over  the  country,  but  are  largely  consumed  by  local  manufacturers. 
Adjoining  the  main  building  of  the  factory  is  a  large  warehouse  for 
the  storage  of  raw  material  and  sorting,  as  can  be  seen  in  the  accom- 
panying illustration.  The  present  personnel  of  the  Companv  is 
John  V.  McCollum  president,  R.  C.  Binder  secretary,  and  Charles 
P.  Roberts  treasurer,  with  a  Board  of  Directors  to  control  the  man- 
agement. The  Tracy  Worsted  Mills  Company  stands  among  the 
great  manufactories  of  this  city,  both  from  their  solid  financial 
standing  and  the  large  output  that  is  annually  sent  out.  They  are 
now  at  the  flood  tide  of  success,  and  are  likelv  to  continue  to 
prosper  as  long  as  the  present  conservative  and  sound  management 
continues. 


throughout'iu  the  newest  and  most  improved  manner,  every  device 
that  would  tend  to  increase  the  value  of  the  product  being  brought  to 
bear  upon  the  work  in  hand.  The  third  door  is  used  as  the  packing 
room,  and  the  tinning  department  for  the  repairing  and  manufac- 
ture of  cans.  On  the  second  floor  arc  situated  the  ovens,  the  dry- 
ing kiln,  the  sponge  room,  and  the  mixing  rooms:  each  one  of  these 
departments  forms  a  separate  branch  of  the  work,  and  is  presided 
over  by  an  experienced  foreman,  thus  securing  the  best  work  from 
all  employees.  The  first  door  is  devoted  to  shipping  purposes,  and 
the  offices  are  located  here.  Some  idea  of  the  capacity  of  the  plant 
can  be  taken  from  the  figures  below.  There  are  more  than  150  bar- 
rels baked  weekly.  There  arc  more  than  150  varieties  of  cakes 
made,  including  all  kinds,  from  ship  biscuit  to  the  finest  kinds  of 
pound  cake.     There  are  more  than  30.000  cans  ill  use. 

The  trade  of  the  house  is  principally  local,  but  during  the  past 
nxc  years  a  large  patronage  has  been  built  up  among  the  surround- 
ing counties  and  the  near  by  States.  Mr.  Burns,  the  sole  owner, 
has  been  in  this  line  for  many  years  past  and  is  entirely  conversant 
with  the  business.  He  was  for  many  years  a  director  of  the  Third 
National  Bank,  but  resigned  some  three  years  ago.  In  addition 
to  his  business  here,  he  is  Vice-President  and  a  director  of  the 
Crown  Smelting  Co.  of  Chester,  and  a  director  of  the  Centennial 
.Market  Co. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


SAUQUOIT  SILK  COMPANY 

Thirty  years  ago  the  manufacture  of  silk  goods  had  barely  be- 
gun to  exist  in  the  United  States.  Before  that  time  nearly  all  silk 
goods  used  on  this  side  of  the  ocean  were  imported,  but  latterly  all 
descriptions  of  silk  fabrics  and  specialties  are  produced  here  fully 
equal  to  Jie  best  imported.  Standing  at  the  head  of  the  silk  man- 
ufacturers of  the  United  States  is  the  Sauquoit  Silk  Manufacturing 
Company,  of  Philadelphia,  whose  office  and  salesrooms  are  at  the 
corner  of  Randolph  street  and  Columbia  avenue.  They  have  also 
mills  in  Scranton,  Pa.,  Sauquoit,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y.,  and  in  the 
town  of  Union,  N.  J.  The  company  was  incorporated  into  a  close 
corporation  in  1873,  and  in  that  year  came  to  this  city  from  Pater- 
son,  N.  J.,  where  since  1845  it  has  been  operated  with  L.  R.  Stelle's 
Sons  at  its  head.  The  officers  of  the  company  are  :  Lewis  R.  Stelle, 
president,  and  Richard  Rossmassler,  treasurer.  In  1S75  the  com- 
pany bought  out  the  Williams  Silk  Manufactory,  which  was  located 
at  the  old  Franklin  Building,  52  and  54  North  Sixth  street,  and  in 
18S0  they  removed  to  their  present  quarters  at  Columbia  avenue 
and  Randolph  street.  They  started  there  on  a  small  scale  broad 
silk  weavingin  connection  with  throwing  silk  yarns,  having  bought 
in  1879  the  Scranton  Silk  Mills.  From  time  to  time  they  enlarged 
and  improved  their  Philadelphia  mill,  as  well  as  their  Scranton 
mill,  and  have  just  added  to  the  latter  a  wiug  500  feet  long  ami  four 
stories  high,  this  addition  making  it  the  largest  silk  mill  in  the 
country  under  one  roof.  Before  the  completion  of  this  addition 
but  1200  hands  were  employed.  This  number  has  now  been  in- 
creased to  1800.  The  company  has  offices  and  stores  in  New  York, 
Chicago  and  Boston.  The  output  of  the  factories  in  silk  yarns  and 
broad  silks  is  upwards  of  J2, 500, 000  worth  of  finished  goods  annu- 
ally. Particular  care  is  taken  in  the  selection  of  the  raw  silk,  the 
material  being  invariably  of  the  best  obtainable,  regardless  of  cost. 
The  inspection  before  being  sorted  and  manufactured  into  yarn  is 
very  strict  and  thorough.  All  ladies  know  the  disastrous  effects  of 
weighting  silk  by  the  dyeing  process.  This  is  something  always 
avoided  in  the  Sauquoit  Mills.  Their  silks  have  no  superior  either 
in  the  markets  at  home  or  abroad.  They  are  unsurpassed  for  qual- 
ity and  finish.  The  silks  are  not  of  one  quality  one  week  and  of 
another  the  next,  but  are  of  uniform  excellence,  never  varying,  so 
that  their  character  and  enduring  qualities  can  be  fully  depended 
upon  by  purchasers  at  all  times. 

Ladies,  who  of  course  wear  the  largest  quantities  of  all  silk 
goods  manufactured,  know  very  well  the  great  dissatisfaction,  dis- 
comfort, and  inconvenience  they  have  to  tolerate,  when,  after  hav- 
ing purchased  a  heavily  weighted  silk  so  stiff  that  the  made  up 
dress  will  "stand  alone,"  at  what  they  suppose  a  wonderfully  cheap 
price,  they  find  after  a  short  wearing  that  it  all  goes  awav  to  noth- 
ing. It  cracks  and  seams,  and  in  a  word,  becomes  utterlv  worth- 
less. It  goes  without  saying,  that  this  is  the  very  worst  kind  of 
economy  in  dress.  The  Sauquoit  Silk  Manufacturing  Company 
promptly  fills  orders  at  the  lowest  ruling  market  prices  justified  bv 
quality,  and  fully  guarantees  all   its  goods  exactly  as  represented. 

The  Women's  Silk  Culture  Association  of  America,  while  it 
has  not  accomplished  all  that  it  hoped,  certainly  has  instructed 
the  women  of  the  United  States  as  to  the  quality  and  character  of 
silks,  so  that  the  average  American  woman  of  to-day  is  not  so  easily 
hoodwinked  when  making  her  purchases. 

Mr.  Lewis  R.  Stelle,  the  president,  and  Mr.  Richard  Rossmass- 
ler, the  treasurer  of  the  Sauquoit  Silk  Manufacturing  Company, 
are  prominent  members  of  the  Silk  Association  of  America.     Be- 


fore Mr.  Rossmassler  became  treasurer  of  the  Sauquoit  Company 
he  was  president  of  the  Williams  Silk  Manufacturing  Company, 
whose  factory  was  united  with  the  Sauquoit  Company  in  1874,  when 
he  joined  the  latter. 

All  the  factories  of  the  Company  are  equipped  with  the  latest 
improved  machinery  and  appliances,  and  every  invention  which 
promises  anything  at  all,  is  experimented  with  and  promptly  secured 
if  decided  it  will  be  of  value.  Counting  the  factories  in  Philadel- 
phia, Sauquoit,  Oneida  county,  New  York,  and  Scranton,  Pennsyl- 
vania, there  are  over  one  thousand  eight  hundred  skilled  operators 
employed,  many  of  them  coming  from  Europe. 

The  Company  takes  almost  a  fatherly  interest  in  the  comfort 
and  well  being  of  its  employees  and  uses  every  endeavor  to  assist 
them  in  establishing  happy  homes.  American  women  have  only 
within  recent  years  been  satisfied  that  an  American  silk  is  equal  to 
the  imported.  Before  that  the  silk  must  have  come  from  Lvons,  or 
to  have  been  said  to  come  from  that  foreign  city,  or  the  American 
woman  would  scarcely  deign  to  look  at  it.  Quite  often  no  doubt 
these  women  wore  American  silks  but  were  loth  to  say  so.  Now 
they  take  pride  in  the  fact  that  the  silk  they  wear  is  American,  and 
that  it  is  equally  as  good  as  any  they  can  obtain  from  abroad,  and 
they  can  now  secure  it  right  here  at  home  with  a  great  deal  less 
trouble  and  expense  than  by  sending  across  the  ocean.  Of  course 
the  convenience  of  being  in  direct  and  immediate  communication 
with  your  silk  merchants,  counts  for  a  very  great  deal  and  must  do 
away  with  all  mistakes  and  misunderstandings  when  goods  are  pur- 
chased from  abroad  through  friends  or  by  letter.  Your  friend  who 
goes  to  Europe  may  be  willing  to  oblige  you,  but  he  or  she  can  not 
give  the  personal  attention  that  you  would  to  your  own  purchases. 

The  American  Silk  Culture  Association  was  officered  bv  such 
prominent  women  that  it  undoubtedly  had  its  beneficial  effect  upon 
the  silk  trade  in  this  country,  and  if  ever  a  similar  effort  is  made, 
it  is  certain  there  will  be  important  results.  If  nothing  else  was 
gained  there  was  a  great  deal  of  experience  and  a  more  thorough, 
because  practical,  knowledge  than  could  have  been  otherwise 
secured.  It  had  another  effect  too,  by  the  drawing  closer  together 
the  women  of  the  various  States  in  business  correspondence  which 
soon  grew  into  pleasant  acquaintanceship  for  the  furtherance  of 
American  silk  being  worn  by  American  women. 

From  the  date  of  the  incorporation  of  this  Company  in  1S72, 
under  the  laws  of  New  York,  it  has  always  commanded  a  liberal  and 
influential  patronage  in  consequence  of  the  unexcelled  quality,  fin- 
ish, and  reliability  of  its  goods.  The  capital  at  the  date  of  inaugu- 
ration was  large,  but  since  has  been  greatly  increased. 

The  officers  are  well  and  favorably  known  in  trade  circles,  and 
hold  a  high  social  position.  Their  enterprise,  ability,  and  fair  deal- 
ing have  earned  them  a  world-wide  reputation,  and  the  great  suc- 
cess they  have  achieved  is  a  credit  alike  to  Philadelphia  and  other 
cities  in  which  their  interests  are  located,  as  well  as  to  the  fact  that 
the  domestic  silks  turned  out  by  this  house  are  fully  equal  in  text- 
ure, finish  and  stability  to  those  of  any  European  manufacture. 

It  must  assuredly  be  a  matter  of  pride  to  the  people  of  Philadel- 
phia that  this  great  establishment  is  located  here  in  the  city  where 
so  much  encouragement  has  been  and  is  still  given  to  the  advance 
of  American  silk  culture.  Among  the  many  manufactories  in  this 
great  manufacturing  city,  there  is  none  in  which  our  people  can 
take  greater  pride  than  that  of  the  Sauquoit  Silk  Company.  It  is  a 
business  which  deals  in  the  most  refined  class  of  goods  and  there- 
fore inculcates  among  its  work  people  careful  and  refined  habits, 
and  that  is  an  influence  which  must  be  of  great  benefit. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THE  NIXON  PAPER  COMPANY 

To  give  the  detailed  history  of  the  establishment  of  the  great 
Flat  Rock  Paper  Mills  at  Mauayunk,  now  carried  on  by  the  Martin 
and  W.  H.  Nixon  Paper  Company,  would  be  to  give  the  history  of 
the  United  States,  and  the  limited  space  of  these  pages  would  be 
entirely  insufficient.  The  facts  are,  however,  that  the  mills  are  two 
hundred  years  old,  and  they  were  one  of  the  first  industries  that 
helped  to  establish  the  great  industrial  reputation  of  the  home  of 
William  Pcnn .  The  Flat  Rock  Paper  mill  was  founded  by  Wilhelm 
Rittenhouse  in  the  year  1691.  It  was  situated  on  a  small  rivulet 
running  into  the  Wissahickon  Creek,  and  now  called  Paper  Mill 
Run.  It  is  close  to  the  southwestern  line  of  Germantown  township, 
and  in  the  Twenty-second  Ward  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia.  The 
first  owners  of  this  budding  industry  were  Wilhelm  Rittenhouse 
and  his  son  Claus,  or  Nicholas. 
Only  five  men  were  employed, 
and  then  work  was  only  done 
when  the  flow  of  water  was 
sufficient  to  turn  the  mill 
wheel.  Wilhelm  Rittenhouse 
was  also  a  Bishop  of  the  Men- 
nonite  Churches  of  German- 
town,  of  Traps  in  Montgomery 
county,  of  Lititz  and  one  other 
township  in  Lancaster  county. 

The  Rittcnhouses  emigrat- 
ed from  Holland,  where  their 
ancestors  were  engaged  in  pa- 
per making.  They  came  to 
New  York  in  1674,  and  moved 
soon  after  to  Philadelphia. 
William  Nixon,  who  with 
George  F.  Feiuour,  founded 
the  paper  manufacturing  estab- 
lishment of  Fcinour  &  Nixon, 
was  a  descendant  of  the  origi- 
nal Rittcnhouses.  Nicholas 
Rittenhouse  had  a  son  named 
Martin,  whose  daughter  Su- 
sanna married  Daniel  A.  Nix- 
on, who  was  the  father  of  Wil- 
liam and  Martin  Nixon,  and 
W.  H.  Nixon  was  a  son  of  Wil- 
liam Nixon.  Martin  Nixon 
came  into  the  business  in  1855, 
and  was  connected  with  it  until 
his  death  in  1S88.     He  was  a 

thorough  man  of  business,  fully  conversant  with  all  the  details  of 
paper  manufacturing,  quick  to  adopt  new  methods  and  improve- 
ments, and  it  is  largely  owing  to  his  foresight  and  energy  that  the 
present  company  has  arrived  at  such  prominence  and  achieved  such 
marked  success. 

The  firm  of  Martin  &  W.  H.  Nixon  was  established  in  1S79, 
and  incorporated  in  1888.  Previous  to  that,  however,  in  1844,  the 
little  business  started  by  the  worthy  Mennonite  Bishop  had  grown 
to  such  proportions  that  a  new  and  larger  site  was  necessary.  A 
tract  of  land  was  taken  between  the  canal  and  the  Schuylkill  river 
at  Manayunk,  in  the  Twenty-first  Ward,  and  the  first  building  was 
erected  which  now  forms  the  great  Flat  Rock  works,  covering  an 
area  of  nearly  three  acres,  and  comprising  fifteen  distinct  buildings, 
with  marvellous  machinery  and  appliances.  The  little  business 
established  by  the  Rittenhouses  in  169 1  has  thus  blossomed  forth 
into  a  great  and  important  industry,  and  it  has  for  two  centuries 


been  conducted  and  developed  by  the  old  Bishop's  family  and 
descendants.  These  mills  were  the  first  to  manufacture  paper  from 
straw,  and  the  Nixons  have  always  been  the  pioneers  in  any  im- 
provement in  the  manufacture  of  paper,  both  in  the  machinery  in- 
vented to  save  labor  and  the  material  used  to  manufacture  the  pro- 
duct. At  one  time  the  firm  supplied  a  majority  of  the  newspapers 
in  Philadelphia,  but  of  late  years  the  manufacture  of  news  papers 
has  been  abandoned,  and  book  paper  alone  is  the  output  of  the 
mills. 

The  personnel  of  the  Martin  &  W.  H.  Nixon  Paper  Company 
is  as  follows:  President,  William  H.  Nixon;  Secretary  and  Treasurer, 
Samuel  Bayle  ;  Directors,  William  H.  Nixon,  George  F.  Nixon  and 
Edward  P.  Nixon.  The  industry  gives  employment  and  sustenance 
to  one  hundred  and  sixty-five  men  and  eighty-six  women,  and  in 
the  many  buildings  which 
cover  the  great  area  there  are 
five  large  paper  machines, 
twenty-two  pulp  engines, 
twelve  steam  boilers  and  six 
steam  engines,  which  are 
driven  by  fifteen  hundred 
horsepower.  The  machinery 
has  a  capacity  of  turning  out 
twenty  tons  of  paper  per  day, 
and  the  paper  is  manufactured 
from  wood  pulp,  which  is  made 
on  the  premises,  and  rags ; 
only  the  best  quality  of  book 
paper  is  sent  out  of  the  mills, 
and  the  whole  output  is  con- 
signed to  three  dealers. 

In  1S66  the  growth  of  the 
business  again  necessitated  a 
search  for  more  room,  and  the 
Vine  street  mill  was  establish- 
ed at  Vine  street  wharf  on  the 
Schuylkill  river.  This  factory 
is  devoted  exclusively  to  the 
manufacture  of  manilla  paper 
for  making  bags,  and  the  ma- 
chinery has  the  power  of  pro- 
ducing five  tons  of  manilla  pa- 
per per  day.  There  is  also  a 
bag  factory  on  the  premises 
which  gives  employment  to  a  large  number  of  women  and  girls. 

Thus,  from  the  modest  little  mill  of  two  centuries  ago,  which 
could  only  be  worked  when  the  water  allowed  the  wheel  to  move, 
and  which  merely  occupied  the  spare  time  of  the  Right  Reverend 
Bishop,  has  sprung  a  large  and  important  industry  which  gives  food 
and  clothing  to  many  hundreds  of  working  men  and  women,  which 
has  accumulated  a  snug  fortune  for  the  hard  working  and  deserving 
proprietors,  and  which  can  be  pointed  to  with  pride  as  one  of  those 
institutions  which  were  the  inception  and  foundation  of  Philadel- 
phia as  a  great  commercial  centre,  and  which  have  done  so  much  to 
make  the  Quaker  City  the  first  in  the  Union,  both  for  its  antiquity 
and  its  industrial  institutions.  All  honor  is  due  to  the  energy  and 
push  exhibited  by  the  Nixon  family,  which  has  proved  so  worthy 
of  descent  from  the  fine  old  persevering  Dutch  stock  of  Bishop 
Rittenhouse,  whose  name  will  be  revered  so  long  as  Philadelphia 
is  a  city  and  a  power  in  the  country. 


Martin   Nixon 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


JARDIN  BRICK  COMPANY 

For  many  years  Philadelphia  has  been  famed  the  world  over 
for  the  superior  quality  and  general  excellence  of  the  brick  manu- 
factured within  her  borders,  and  largely  to  the  immense  aggregate 
of  pressed  bricks  made  in  this  city  is  due  her  supremacy  as  the  great 
industrial  metropolis  of  America.  There  is  probably  no  part  of 
the  world  in  which  pressed  brick  are  used  for  building  purposes  to 
which  the  fame  of  this  product  of  her  manufactories  has  not  spread, 
and  as  the  years  come  and  go  the  demand  for  "Philadelphia  pressed 
brick"  is  steadily  and  largely  increased.  Of  those  concerns  en- 
gaged in  this  field  of  industrial  enterprise  there  are  few  that  rival 
and  none  that  surpass  the  Jardin  Brick  Company  of  Philadelphia, 
either  as  regards  the  general  excellence  and  finish  or  the  aggregate 
of  output. 

This  company  is  the  outgrowth  of  the  business  established 
bv  Jacob  Jardin  in  1837,  and  the  history  of  the  enterprise  is  that 
of  the  city  in  all  that  has  made  her  great  during  the  last  half 
century.  Keeping  abreast  of  the  times  in  all  the  improvements 
made  in  the  art  of  brick  manufacture,  and  in  the  devices  and  appli- 
ances for  improving  the  quality  of  the  product,  Mr.  Jardin  rapidly 
increased  his  facilities  with  the  demand  for  his  bricks,  until  he  had 
built  up  a  trade  of  vast  proportions,  and  made  a  reputation  for  the 
products  of  his  works  as  wide-spread  as  the  boundaries  of  the 
world. 

In  1SS6  the  firm  of  L.  E.  Jardin  &  Co.  was  organized,  and 
three  years  later  the  business  had  attained  such  proportions  as  to 
require  additional  capital  and  resources  to  meet  the  demands,  and 
the  Jardin  Brick  Company  was  organized  and  incorporated  for  this 
purpose  in  August,  1S89,  with  a  paid  up  capital  stock  of  ji, 000, 000, 
with  financial  backingand  credit  practically  unlimited.  The  works 
were  largely  increased  and  extended,  and  as  now  equipped  the 
plant  is  probably  the  most  complete  if  not  the  largest  in  the  United 
States,  the  works  having  a  capacity  of  50,000,000  bricks  per  annum, 
with  an  actual  output  of  35,000,000.  The  wonderful  growth  of  this 
industry  may  be  learned  from  the  fact  that  the  product  of  the  es- 
tablishment when  it  was  owned  and  operated  by  Jacob  Jardin  aggre- 
gated from  5,000,000  to  7,000,000,  and  under  the  style  of  L.  E.  Jar- 
din &  Co.  this  amount  was  increased  to  12,000,000,  showing  an  in- 
crease in  two  years,  since  the  organization  of  the  company,  of  over 
400  per  cent.  This  wonderful  growth  is  the  result  of  the  great  bus- 
iness ability,  tact  and  energy  brought  to  the  management  of  affairs, 
which  from  the  incorporation  of  the  company  has  been  in  the 
hands  of  men  eminently  qualified  by  experience  for  the  important 
work,  masters  of  finance  and  experts  in  this  line  of  industry.  To 
the  plant  of  this  company  is  constantly  added  every  improvement 
in  brick  making  machinery  of  value,  and  by  reason  of  the  enter- 
prise and  push  of  the  officers,  the  purpose  of  the  management  to 
maintain  the  high  standard  of  excellence  their  brick  had  attained, 
they  have  gone  far  beyond  their  aim  and  have  greatly  improved 
both  quality  and  finish  of  their  product,  and  as  a  logical  sequence 
have  immensely  increased  and  extended  the  field  of  their  opera- 
tions. The  company  manufactures  pressed  bricks  of  all  shapes  and 
designs,  as  of  all  shades  as  well  in  mottled  work  and  buff,  and  all 
kinds  of  work  are  done  to  order  from  designs  or  from  patterns  fur- 


nished, and  the  facilities  of  the  company  for  shipping  everything 
in  their  line  required  by  the  builder's  art  at  short  notice,  and  of 
the  most  satisfactory  workmanship,  are  unsurpassed  if  equalled  by 
any  competing  house  in  the  city. 

The  brick  are  made  of  the  best  tempered  clay,  of  which  the 
company  own  an  inexhaustible  supply.  It  is  located  in  the  south- 
ern part  of  the  city  and  is  unequalled  in  fineness  and  every  other 
regard  for  brick  making  purposes  in  the  country.  Mr.  Henry  C. 
Webster  is  the  president  of  this  great  and  successful  company. 
He  is  a  practical  expert  of  many  years'  experience  in  the  manu- 
facture of  brick,  and  has  worked  at  and  mastered  every  detail 
of  the  business  at  every  stage  of  the  work.  He,  is  a  connois- 
seur of  clays,  and  gives  personal,  uninterrupted  attention  to  the 
practical  work  of  the  company.  He  is  considered  among  builders 
in  Philadelphia  one  of  the  best  practical  brick  makers  in  the  coun- 
try. He  began  at  the  first  step  in  a  brick  yard,  and  has  forged  his 
way  to  the  very  front  rank  of  brick  men  in  the  city  by  his  per- 
sistent effort,  energy  and  grit,  and  the  position  he  now  occupies 
gives  him  a  commanding  place  among  the  master  brick  makers  at 
home  and  abroad. 

Mr.  William  L.  Elkins,  the  vice-president  of  the  company,  is 
one  of  Philadelphia's  largest  capitalists  and  most  successful  finan- 
ciers. He  is  well  remembered  as  a  pioneer  in  the  oil  refining  in- 
dustry in  this  city  and  controlled  the  business  here  for  years.  His 
enterprise,  coupled  with  that  of  two  other  public  spirited  citi- 
zens, gave  to  Philadelphia  her  admirable  car  service,  and  a  large 
and  beautiful  section  of  the  southwestern  and  central  portion  of  the 
city  was  built  up  and  improved  by  Mr.  Elkins  and  Mr.  Widener. 
He  is  president  and  director  in  numerous  railroad  and  street  car 
companies  and  banking  institutions  here  and  elsewhere,  and  is  rec- 
ognized universally  as  one  of  the  men  who  in  making  himself  great 
has  added  to  the  attractiveness  and  business  growth  of  this  city. 

Mr.  C.  E.  Yerkes  is  the  efficient  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the 
company.  He  was  formerly  engaged  in  business  here  as  a  stock 
broker,  as  a  member  of  the  well  known  firm  of  C.  T.  Yerkes,  Jr., 
&  Co.,  and  still  retains  his  seat  on  the  board. 

He  has  held  his  present  position  in  the  company  since  its  or- 
ganization, and  has  managed  the  financial  concerns  of  the  com- 
pany with  rare  tact  and  skill,  and  by  his  ability  and  liberal  busi- 
ness methods  has  largely  added  to  the  trade  and  reputation  of  the 
concern.  He  is  a  son  of  Mr.  C.  T.  Yerkes,  of  Chicago.  Messrs. 
W.  L.  Elkins  and  P.  A.  B.  Widener  are  the  largest  stockholders  in 
the  company. 

As  supplying  a  large  proportion  of  the  material  used  in  the 
many  important  building  operations  in  this  city,  this  company  has 
been  closely  identified  with  the  improvements  which  from  year  to 
year  have  added  to  the  attractiveness  of  Philadelphia,  and  as  a  large 
producer  and  shipper  the  corporation  has  played  an  important  part  in 
placing  this  city  to  the  very  front  as  the  great  manufacturing  cen- 
tre of  the  Union,  thereby  making  those  who  organized  and  man- 
aged the  concern  public  benefactors  in  the  modest  signification  of 
the  term.  The  standing  of  those  concerned  in  the  enterprise  has 
built  this  structure  upon  an  enduring  foundation,  and  great  as  has 
been  the  work  it  has  accomplished,  it  bids  fair  to  still  further  in- 
crease and  extend  the  volume  and  field  of  its  usefulness. 


149 


&«£  ■- ■■■■■^t*-*' 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


BEMENT,  MILES  &  CO. 


The  establishment  of  Bement,  Miles  &  Co.,  which 
covers  a  large  area  of  valuable  ground  in  the  city  of  Phila- 
delphia, consists  of  two  properties,  the  larger  located  on 
Callowhill  street  between  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  streets, 
and  bounded  on  the  north  by  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading 
Railroad,  and  the  smaller  situated  at  the  corner  of  Twenty- 
fourth  and  Wood  streets,  running  240  feet  east  by  170  feet 
north.  The  space  is  compactly  covered  by  buildings  two  and 
three  stories  in  height,  which  afford  occupation  in  bus}- times 
to  not  less  than  one  thousand  men. 

As  early  as  184S  a  small  three-story  stone  building,  more 
or  less  surrounded  with  dwellings,  stood  near  the  centre  of 
the  Callowhill  street  property,  and  was  then  more  than  suffi- 
cient for  the  small  business  of  the  firm  of  Marshall  &  Teal, 


William  B.  Bement  &  Son.  In  1874  Mr.  John  M.  Shrigley 
was  made  a  partner,  and  in  1879  Mr.  William  P.  Bement  was 
also  admitted,  the  firm  still  remaining  William  B.  Bement  & 
Son.  About  the  beginning  of  1S85  Mr.  Shrigley  retired,  and 
during  that  year  a  consolidation  of  the  works  of  William  B. 
Bement  &  Son,  and  the  machine  tool  works  owned  by  Mr. 
James  Dougherty  and  Mr.  Frederick  B.  Miles  was  effected. 
Mr.  Dougherty's  interest  was  purchased,  and  the  new  firm 
conducted  business  under  the  title  of  Messrs.  Bement,  Miles 
&  Co.  In  1887  the  original  founder,  Mr.  William  B.  Bement, 
retired  from  active  business  and  his  son,  Frank  Bement, 
entered  the  firm.  Since  that  time  no  change  has  been  made, 
and  the  firm  as  it  stands  to-day  consists  of  Clarence  S.  Bement, 
Frederick  B.  Miles,  William  P.  Bement,  and  Frank  Bement. 
The  manufacture  of  machine  tools  at  this  establishment 
which  commenced   so  humbly  in    185 r,  increased  so  rapidly 


Bement,  Miles  &  Company's  Works,  Twenty-fourth  and  Wood  Streets 


who  owned  the  business.  In  1851  Mr.  E.  D.  Marshall  invited 
William  Barnes  Bement  to  join  him.  with  a  view  of  introdu- 
cing the  manufacture  of  machine  tools.  Mr.  Bement  was 
then  employed  in  the  Lowell  Machine  Shop,  at  Lowell,  Mass., 
principally  in  designing  machine  tools.  He  accepted  the  invi- 
tation of  Mr.  Marshall,  with  the  understanding  that  he  should 
bring  with  him  his  nephew,  Mr.  G.  A.  Colby,  and  a  co- 
partnership under  the  firm  name  of  Marshall,  Bement  & 
Colby  was  the  result.  After  three  years  of  experience,  it 
was  decided  that  the  machine  shop  should  be  supplemented 
by  a  foundry,  and  Mr.  James  Dougherty,  whose  experience 
in  this  line  was  very  valuable,  and  who  in  after  years  added 
much  to  the  standing  of  the  concern,  was  admitted  into  the 
firm,  its  name  being  then  Bement,  Colby  &  Dougherty. 
Subsequently  Mr.  Colby  retired,  and  Mr.  George  C.  Thomas 
was  admitted,  the  name  being  changed  to  Bement,  Dougherty 
&  Thomas.  In  a  few  years  Mr.  Thomas'  interest  was  pur- 
chased by  the  remaining  partners,  and  the  firm  name  of  Bement 
&  Dougherty  continued  until  1870,  when  Mr.  Dougherty  re- 
retired,  and  Mr.  Clarence  S.  Bement,  son  of  the  senior 
partner,  was  admitted.     The  firm  name  then  became  Messrs. 


that,  some  years  before  the  Civil  War,  the  establishment  had 
attained  a  national  reputation,  as  the  determination  of  the 
firm  from  the  start  was  to  produce  the  best  designs  and  work- 
manship with  a  view  of  supplying  the  wants  of  those  custo- 
mers only  who  required  machines  of  the  most  perfect  con- 
struction. As  time  went  on,  new  and  improved  patterns 
were  added  to  the  list,  and  now  the  standard  machines  con- 
structed by  the  firm  number  not  less  than  three  hundred. 
About  two  years  ago  the  demand  for  larger  tools  than  could 
be  properly  produced  in  the  old  establishment  led  to  an  ex- 
tensive addition,  which  was  to  be  filled  with  heavy  machinery, 
and  supplied  with  large  traveling  cranes  for  erecting.  This 
extension  has  added  so  largely  to  the  capacity  of  the  estab- 
lishment that  if  the  various  machine  shops  proper  could  be 
assembled  into  one,  they  would  constitute  a  room  100  feet 
wide  by  about  1250  feet  long. 

At  the  present  time  the  larger  works  are  engaged  in 
building  miscellaneous  tools  for  locomotive  and  railroad 
shops,  forges  and  ship  building  establishments,  while  the 
Twenty-fourth  street  shop  is  mainly  occupied  with  steam 
hammers,  hydraulic  machinery,    and  boiler  makers'  tools. 


iji 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


ISAAC  A.  SHEPPARD  &  CO. 

The  Excelsior  Stove  and  Hollow-ware  Foundry  was  established 
under  the  tirm  name  of  Isaac  A.  Sheppard  &  Co.     The  co-partner- 
ship was  entered  into  by  Isaac  A.  Sheppard,  Jonathan  A.  Biddle, 
James  C.  Harn,  William  B.  Walton  and  John  Sheeler.     Subsequently 
Thomas  Walbrook  and  Daniel  Weaver  were  admitted  into  the  firm. 
The  business  commenced  in    1859  at  Seventh  street  and  Girard 
avenue.     In  1S66  the  same  firm  established  the  Excelsior  Stove  and 
Hollow-ware  Foundrvin  Baltimore,  Maryland.     This  establishment 
and  the  present  house  in  Philadelphia  give  employment  to  from  five 
to  six  hundred  hands,  and  the  product  is  to  the  value  of  from  J6oo,ooo 
to  $700,000  annually.     The  capital   employed  in  the  firm  was  ob- 
tained by  the  contributions  of  its  different  members,  the  partners 
reiving  on  their  intelligence  and  labor  to  supply  the  place  of  capital 
in  the  rivalry  they  had  commenced  with  the  wealthier  and  long- 
established  houses,  who,  in  order  to  drive  them  out  of  the  market, 
sold  their  own  goods  below  cost.     They  won  the  confidence  of  the 
public,  and  1S61  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  found  them  in  the  most 
prosperous     condition.      The 
firm     felt    satisfied     that    the 
change   in   the   domestic  rela- 
tions of  the  slaves  would  largc- 
lv   increase    the    demand    for 
cooking  stoves  South,  and  by 
the  creation  of  their  Baltimore 
foundry  they  put  their  faith  to 
the  test.     The  Baltimore  plant 
turned     out     from     fifteen    to 
twenty   tons    of   castings    per 
day.     The   Philadelphia   foun- 
dry- cntirelv  outgrew  its  capa- 
city, and  in  187 1  the  firm  pur- 
chased  of  the   Frankford  and 
Southwark  Passenger  Railway 
Company    their    present    site. 
It  includes  more  than  two  and 
a  half  acres  and   occupies  the 
entire  square  500  feet  by  235 
feet    included   between    Third 
and  Fourth  streets  and  Berks 
street  and  Montgomery  avenue. 
The    buildings    have     several 
times  been  enlarged  until  they 
now  cover  an  agtrreate  area  of 
;h,ooo    feet.      This    establish- 
ment  produces  from  thirty  to 
fortv  tons  of  castings  per  diem, 
ami    with    that    in     Baltimore 
turns  out  about  18,000  tons  per 
annum,  in  which  are  included 
45,000  to  50,000  stoves,  heaters, 
ranges,  hoi  low-ware,  plumber's 
goods,  and  miscellaneous  cast- 
ings.    There  are   127  varieties 
of  cooking  stoves  and  ranges, 
no   varieties    of   heaters  and 
heating  apparatus.  The  motive 
power  is  obtained  from  an  im- 
proved engine,  and  the  transmission  is  over  a  steel  wire  rope  five- 
eighths   of  an   inch   thick  running  over  a   sheave   eight   feet   in 
diameter  at  the  rate  of  two-fifths  of  a  mile  per  minute,  the  power 
being  conveyed  to  a  great  distance  with  much  less  loss  from  friction 
than  by  ordinary  belting.     Though  largely  used  in  Switzerland, 
where  it  originated,  this  is  the  first  extended  application  of  the 
contrivance  in  this  section  of  the  United  States.     All  the  business 
of  the  firm  is  under  the  immediate  supervision  of  the  members, 
who  are  themselves  skilled  mechanics  with  practical  experience  in 
all  the  departments  of  their  business.     They  take  merited  pride  in 
the  fact  that  their  early  struggles,  their  signal  triumph  over  all 
difficulties,  have  landed  them  in  the  proud  place  they  hold  in  the 
estimation  of  the  public  to-day.     To  these  facts  and  their  strict  in- 
tegrity and  punctuality  can  be  attributed  much  of  the  success  which 
has  marked  their  business  operations. 

The  improvements  in  the  manufacture  of  stoves  within  a  few 
years,  specially  by  such  firms  as  that  of  Isaac  A.  Sheppard  &  Co.,  have 
been  so  remarkable  as  to  be  almost  incredible  to  the  casual  looker-on. 
Many  of  the  stoves  manufactured  by  this  firm  are  of  an  ornamental 
character,  used  in  parlors  and  sitting-rooms  of  the  occupants  of 
small  houses.  This  stove  serves  not  only  to  heat  the  apartment, 
hut  to  set  it  off  and  make  it  attractive.  The  stove  certainly  gives 
to  the  room  a  more  home-like  appearance  than  the  furnace. 


Isaac  A.  Sheppard 


Isaac  A.  Sheppard,  the  senior  member  of  the  house,  was  born 
in  Cumberland  County,  New  Jersey,  July  11,  1827.  His  ancestors 
were  among  the  first  settlers  in  that  county.  His  only  schooling  was 
at  a  country  school-house,  which  held,  or  "kept,"~as  they  say  in 
the  country,  but  three  months  a  year.  His  schooling  of  this  sort 
ceased  when  he  was  eleven  years  of  age,  when  he  was  compelled  to 
earn  his  own  living  and  began  his  experience  in  the  great  school 
of  life.  He  came  to  Philadelphia  in  1840,  and  for  three  vears 
worked  at  odd  jobs  whenever  he  had  an  opportunitv,  meanwhile 
looking  about  him  to  learn  some  mechanical  trade'  Finallv  he 
obtained  an  opening  and  in  July,  1S43,  entered  a  brass  and  iron 
foundry.  He  soon  became  a  skillful  moulder  and  won  the  confi- 
dence and  appreciation  of  his  employers.  He  kept  closely  to  work 
for  six  years,  saving  up  his  money  with  the  intention  to  com- 
mence business  on  his  own  account.  When  the  stove  foundrv  had 
been  established  for  a  number  of  years  Mr.  Sheppard  became  one 
of  its  originators  and  a  Director  in  the  National  Security  Bank  of 
Philadelphia  ;  later  he  was  elected  its  President,  which  position  he 
still  holds.  He  is  a  Director  in  the  Northern  Safe  Deposit  and 
Trust  Company  of  Philadel- 
phia. He  is  prominent  in  re- 
ligious circles,  is  an  active 
member  of  the  Protestant 
Episcopal  Church,  and  Super- 
intendent of  the  Sunday  School 
of  the  church  to  which  he  be- 
longs. He  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Diocesan  Convention  and 
took  part  in  the  election  of 
three  bishops  of  the  church  in 
Pennsylvania.  He  is  also  prom- 
inent in  several  fraternal  or- 
ganizations. He  was  elected 
Grand  Master  of  the  Independ- 
ent Order  of  Odd  Fellows  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1S74.  In  1S77 
he  was  elected  to  represent  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Sovereign  Grand  Lodge 
of  the  Order.  He  is  President 
of  one  the  societies  of  organ- 
ized charity  and  is  connected 
with  numerous  other  benevo- 
lent organizations.  He  served 
three  terms  as  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  that  part  of 
his  service  in  Harrisburg  in 
which  he  has  the  greatest  pride 
is  that  he  was  one  of  the  origi- 
nators and  had  charge  of  the 
bill  which  became  the  law 
regulating  Building  Associa- 
tions. It  is  to  this  bill  that  is 
due  that  so  many  thousands  of 
the  workingmeu  of  Philadel- 
phia own  their  own  homes.  He 
was  the  Chairman  of  the  Com- 
mittee of  Ways  and  Means  in 
1S61,  and  he  had  charge  of  the  legislation  to  sustain  the  National 
Government  during  the  Rebellion.  Under  his  leadership  during 
the  same  year  were  passed  the  bills  to  "  strengthen  the  public 
credit."  Mr.  Sheppard  during  the  sickness  and  absence  of  the 
Speaker  of  the  House  was  elected  Speaker  pro  /<■;«.,  and  for 
more  than  one-third  of  that  memorable  session  (1S61I  discharged 
the  duties  of  the  Chair  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  members  and  with 
credit  to  himself. 

In  1S67  he  was  elected  by  the  Councils  of  Philadelphia  as  Trus- 
tee of  the  Northern  Liberties  Gas  Company  and  he  still  retains 
this  position.  He  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Public 
Education  of  Philadelphia  by  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  1S79. 
He  has  always  taken  an  active  part  in  all  the  works  of  the  Board, 
and  has  been  especiallv  prominent  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Night  Schools.  It  is  largely  due  to  Mr.  Sheppard's  efforts  and 
to  the  proficiency  to  which  he  aided  in  bringing  these  schools  that 
City  Councils  doubled  the  appropriation  for  their  maintenance. 
He  was  one  of  the  committee  charged  with  the  establishment  of 
the  Public  School  of  Industrial  Art,  and  also  one  of  the  committee 
to  whom  was  committed  the  plan  and  organization  of  the  Public 
Manual  Training  School.  In  January,  1SS9,  he  was  elected  Presi- 
dent of  the  Board  of  Education  and  was  re-elected  in  1S90.  '91. 
This  highly  honorable  position  Mr.  Sheppard  still  holds. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


COFRODE  &  SAYLOR  INCORPORATED 

This  reliable  establishment,  renowned  throughout  the  United 
States  and  elsewhere  for  its  stability  and  progression,  was  founded 
by  Joseph  H.  Cofrode,  Francis  H.  Savior  and  Juo.  H.  Schaeffer,  all 
of  Philadelphia,  in  the  year  1869,  under  the  firm  name  of  Joseph 
H.  Cofrode  &  Co.  Dissolution  of  above  partnership  was  made  in 
1S76,  and  the  business  carried  on  by  their  successors,  styled  Cofrode 
&  Savior,  comprised  of  Jos.  H.  Cofrode  and  Francis  H.  Savior. 

The  business  of  the  firm  became  widely  extended — beginning 
with  the  construction  of  wooden  bridges,  in  1S69,  it  developed 
until  it  embraced  the  construction  of  piers,  docks,  warehouses,  and 
all  classes  of  iron  structures.  The  first  bridge  erected  by  the  firm 
was  the  structure  crossing  the  Susquehanna  River  at  Celin  Grove, 
Penna. 

Among  the  important  contracts  executed  by  this  Companv 
were  the  highway  bridge  crossing  the  James  River  at  Richmond, 
Va.,  the  bridges  crossing  the  Neshaminy  Creek  and  Delaware  River 
on  the  line  of  the  Bound  Brook  Division  of  the  Philadelphia  & 
Reading  Railroad  Co. ,  the  bridge  crossing  the  Ohio  River  at  Beaver, 
Pa.,  on  the  Pittsburgh  &  Lake  Erie  Railroad,  the  bridge  over  the 
Monongahela  River  near  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  on  the  Pittsburgh,  Mc- 
Keesport  &  Youghiogheny  Railroad ;  nearly  all  of  the  bridges  on 
the  line  of  the  Texas  &  Pacific  Railway  and  its  branches  ;  the  grain 
elevators  at  Girard  Point  and  Port  Richmond,  Philadelphia,  Pa.; 
also  the  docks  and  warehouses  at  Harsimus  Cove,  Jersev  City,  X.J. 

In  1SS9  the  firm  was  incorporated  under  the  title  of  Cofrode  & 
Savior  Incorporated,  and  all  of  its  contracts  and  business  turned 
over  to  the  Company. 

The  officers  of  the  Company  are  as  follows: 

President,  Francis  H.  Savior;  Vice-President.  Joseph  H.  Cof- 
rode ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  P.  R.  Foley ;  Auditor,  Geo.  M. 
Evans  ;  Directors — Francis  H.  Savior,  Joseph  H.  Cofrode,  Henrv  R. 
Leonard. 

Many  extensive  contracts  have  been  taken  by  the  corporation, 
among  which  are : 

The  railroad  bridge  crossing  the  Susquehanna  River  at  Harris- 
burg,  Pa.,  on  the  line  of  the  Philadelphia,  Harrisburg  &  Pitts- 
burgh Railroad  (Philadelphia  &  Reading  Railroad)  consisting  of 
twenty-three  spans  of  truss  bridges,  each  175  feet  in  length.  The 
"Central  Stores"  building;  owned  by  the  Terminal  Warehouse 
Co.,  and  occupies  an  entire  block,  located.at  Twentv-seventh  and 
Twenty-eighth  streets  and  Eleventh  and  Thirteenth  avenues,  New 
York  City. 


THE  READING  ROLLING  MILL  COMPANY 

The  Reading  Rolling  Mill  Company  whose  works  are  located 
in  the  northern  part  of  the  City  of  Reading,  were  established  in 
1SS9,  by  Joseph  H.  Cofrode  and  Francis  H.  Savior.  To-dav  they 
constitute  the  largest  firm  engaged  in  the  manufacture  and  erection 
of  bridges  in  the  State. 

Their  reputation  extends  throughout  the  country  and  the  supe- 
rior quality  of  their  works  has  acknowledgment  everywhere. 
The  works  are  under  the  immediate  control  of  its  officers  who  are 
all  practically  conversant  with  even,-  detail  of  the  business. 

Francis  H.  Savior  is  the  President,  Joseph  H.  Cofrode  Vice- 
President,  P.  R.  Foley  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  George  M.  Evans 
Auditor.  These  men  are  not  only  of  experience  but  full  of  enter- 
prise and  have  the  best  business  capacity.  It  has  been  their  aim 
to  have  the  mill  under  their  immediate  control,  which  would  be 
especially  adapted  for  rolling  of  high  grade  steel  or  iron  required 
in  their  particular  works  and  where  the  best  qualitv  and  prompt 
delivery  could  be  depended  upon.  They  therefore  secured  a  prop- 
erty of  forty  acres  in  the  City  of  Reading  upon  which  buildings 
have  been   erected   in   every  way  adapted  to   their  purposes  and 


equipped  with  the  most  improved  machinery.  There  are  now 
nearly  800  employed  in  the  works ;  there  have  been  constant  changes 
and  improvements  so  that  at  this  date  the  company  looks  back 
almost  with  astonishment  at  the  processes  it  used  on  March  12, 
1890,  when  it  succeeded  in  making  a  finished  bar  of  iron.  All  the 
modern  machinery,  appliances  and  labor  saving  devices  are  so  sys- 
tematically arranged  that  unusual  facilities  are  afforded  for  hand- 
ling heavy  products  from  one  department  to  the  other  through  the 
mill,  and  for  weighing,  inspecting  and  marking  the  finished  articles 
and  loading  them  on  cars  for  shipment.  Even'  completed  piece  of 
work  is  as  perfect  as  skilled  labor  and  improved  mechanical  con- 
trivance can  make  it. 

When  the  Reading  Rolling  Mill  first  took  possession  of  its 
present  property  it  was  used  as  a  Rail  Mill  for  the  Philadelphia  & 
Reading  Railroad  Company  ;  while  the  machinery  was  in  perfect 
condition,  it  was  totally  unfitted  for  the  manufacture  of  structural 
shapes  which  are  made  a  specialty  by  the  Reading  Rolling  Mill 
Company. 

Great  and  expensive  changes  were  at  once  necessary.  The 
single  puddling  furnaces  were  changed  to  doubles,  draught  was  put 
in  instead  of  blast  and  a  new  puddling  mill  was  added,  increasing 
the  total  capacity  of  the  puddling  department  from  24  to  75  gross 
tons  per  day. 

The  daily  output  of  the  works  is  upward  of  100  tons  of  fin- 
ished material  so  that  the  company  is  in  a  position  to  furnish 
promptly  shapes  of  almost  any  size  in  either  steel  or  iron  suitable 
for  bridges  as  structural  work  and  of  a  quality  unexcelled. 

There  are  distinct  buildings  for  the  machine  and  blacksmith 
shops  90  by  60  in  dimensions.  Work  goes  on  in  all  departments 
day  and  night.  In  the  main  building  there  are  revolving  saws  for 
cutting,  etc. 

The  company  makes  shipments  of  structural  shapes  for  iron 
buildings  and  bridges  in  different  parts  of  the  country.  They  fur- 
nished the  iron  for  the  terminal  of  the  Philadelphia  &  Reading 
Railroad  at  Harrisburg,  the  iron  work  for  the  Court  House  and 
Post  Office  at  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  and  for  various  other  large 
structures.  Without  the  aid  of  the  great  machinery  employed  by 
this  company,  its  work  would  be  wholly  impossible  and  whenever 
a  new  device  for  the  manufacture  of  iron  is  invented  the  firm  are 
quick  to  adopt  it  if  at  all  feasible  to  their  plant. 

In  the  various  operations  of  the  mill  150  tons  of  hard  and  soft 
coal  are  consumed  per  da}-.  Its  full  capacity  is  about  1200  tons  of 
finished  iron  per  week  and  if  a  great  railroad  bridge  was  wanted  in 
a  hurry  the  company  would  take  the  order  and  fill  it  within  so  few 
days  that  the  time  would  be  almost  incredible.  In  the  matter  of 
sizes  and  styles  the  mill  turns  out  structural  iron  angles  and  beams 
both  of  iron  and  steel,  15-inch  beams  up  to  275  pounds  per  yard, 
5-inch  channels  up  to  225  pounds  per  yard,  all  sizes  of  round  and 
square  bars  and  all  sizes  of 'angles  in  length  up  to  125  feet.  The 
company  not  only  shape  the  iron  but  they  make  the  tools  that 
make  it. 

The  Directors  of  the  Company  are  Joseph  H.  Cofrode,  Francis 
H.  Savior,  and  Wm.  Nelson  West. 

The  selling  of  all  finished  materials  has  been  placed  in  the 
hands  of  Messrs.  J.  F.  Bailey  &  Sons  of  this  city.  Capt.  Bailey, 
the  senior  member  of  the  firm  has  been  identified  with  the  iron 
business  for  the  past  twenty-five  years — and  is  well  known  to  even- 
prominent  user  of  iron  in  the  country.  Having  had  in  earlier 
years  a  long  and  practical  experience  in  the  working  of  iron  and 
the  treatment  required  to  attain  certain  results,  which  was  supple- 
mented later  by  an  intimate  knowledge  of  the  uses.  He  is  recog- 
nized as  an  important  factor  of  the  trade  and  consulted  for  advice, 
when  knotty  questions  relative  to  iron  or  steel  manufacturing  arise. 
These  qualities  will  be  readily  appreciated  by  buyers  of  iron,  so 
much  depending  on  the  receipt  of  material  suitable  to  their  branch 
of  the  business, 


i5o 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHIL  A  DELPHI  A  XS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


PENNSYLVANIA  STEEL  COMPANY 

The  Pennsylvania  Steel  Company,  Steelton,  Pa., and  Sparrow's 
Point,  Mil.,  was  Lhe  first  company  organized  in  this  country  for  the 
manufacture  of  steel  by  the  pneumatic  process.  On  May  5,  1867, 
the  first  blow  was  made  in  the  works  at  Steelton,  Pa.  The  ingots 
were  sent  to  Johnstown,  rolled  in  the  iron  rail  mills  of  the  Cambria 
Iron  Company,  and  the  rails  delivered  to  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad 
Company.  Before  this  date,  one  or  two  iron  works  had  experi- 
mented with  the  new  process  and  some  metal  had  been  produced, 
but  these  were  the  first  steel  rails  ever  manufactured  in  tins  coun- 
try, on  an  order  in  regular  course  of  business. 

A  rail  mill  was  finished  in  May,  1S68,  and  rolled  rails  directly 
from  7-inch  ingots.  In  1S69  a  15-ton  hammer  was  built  which  at 
the  time  was  the  largest  in  the  countrv.     All  ingots  were  then  made 


1885 :  Universal  Mill. 
1S86:  No.  2  Blooming  Mill,  two  high. 

1S8S  :  Billet  Mill.     No.  2  Open  Hearth,  one  5-ton  rotary  furnace. 
1S90:   Steel  Foundry.     Bridge  and  Construction  Department.  No.  3 
Open  Hearth,  two  15-ton  basic  tilting  furnaces. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  a  forge  department  of  three  hammers, 
a  foundry,  machine  shop,  boiler  shop  and  other  auxiliarv  repair 
shops  have  been  gradually  supplied.  The  works  now  have  a  capac- 
ity of  about  30,000  tons  of  steel  ingots  per  month,  which  is  rolled 
into  rails  (heavy,  light  and  street).  Open  Hearth  and  Bessemer  slabs 
and  ingots  for  plates  of  all  kinds,  miscellaneous  merchant  steel, 
special  steel  billets  and  forgings. 

The  Bridge  and  General  Construction  Department  is  readv  to 
enter  actively  into  business,  while  the  production  of  the  Frog, 
Switch  and  Signal  Department  stands  second  to  none  in  the  countrv. 


Pennsylvania  steel  lom 


twelve  inches  square  and  hammered  into  blooms  for  the   rail  mill. 

Since  that  time  the  works  have  progressed  in   equipment,   capacitv 

and  specialization  by  the   improvement   of  the  old   plant  and  the 

building  of  the  following  new  departments  : 

1S72 :  Frog  Shop. 

1S73 :  ^"°-  l  Blast  Furnace,  16x65  foet. 

1S75  ;  No.  2  Blast  Furnace,  20x80  feet,  and  an  Open  Hearth  Depart- 
ment of  two  5-ton  furnaces,  which  have  since  been  demol- 
ished. 

[S76:   Xo.  1   Blooming  Mill,  three  high. 

1.NS1  :   Xo.  2   Bessemer,  three  7  ton  converters. 

1552  :   Xew  Frog,  Switch  and  Signal    Department.       Merchant  Mill 

with  20"  and  13''  trains.  During  this  year  a  school-house 
costing  about  570,000  was  built  by  the  Companv  and  presented 
to  the  borough  of  Steelton. 

1553  :  The  No.  r  Bessemer  was  run  for  six  months  with  basic  lin- 

ings, this  being  the  first  regular  basic  Bessemer  practice  ever 
carried  on  in  this  countrv. 
1SS4:   Xo.    1   Open   Hearth,    two   25-ton  furnaces.     Nos.  3  &  Xo.  4 
Blast  Furnaces,   18x70  feet. 


In  1S83  the  Companv,  in  partnership  with  the  Bethlehem  Iron 
Company,  purchased  extensive  ore  lauds  in  southeastern  Cuba. 
About  30,000  tons  of  ore  per  month  are  imported  from  this  source. 
To  bring  the  manufacture  into  more  direct  connection  with  the 
raw  material,  the  Companv  is  building  a  new  and  extensive  works 
on  tide  water,  at  Sparrow's  Point,  near  Baltimore,  Md.  Four  blast 
furnaces,  S5.X22  feet,  are  already  built,  two  of  them  havingbeen  put  in 
operation  in  1SS9.  A  ship  yard  is  already  engaged  in  building  ves- 
sels, and  a  Bessemer  plant  and  rail  mill  will  start  in  the  summer  of 
iSgr. 

The  works  at  Steelton  cover  an  area  of  180  acres  and  employ 
about  4,200  men,  the  monthly  pay  roll  amounting  to  5175,000.  The 
lands  of  the  Companv  at  Sparrow's  Point  cover  about  1,000  acres. 
The  number  of  workmen  at  present  is  1,400,  and  the  monthly  pav 
roll  565,000.  Philadelphia  office.  208  South  Fourth  street. 
Officers: — Luther  S.  Bent,  president  : 

Ebeu  F.  Barker,  vice-president ; 

Edmund  X.  Smith,  secretary  and  treasurer; 

F.  W.  Wood,  general  manager  ; 

E.  C.  Fclton,  superintendent. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHLLADELPHLANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


ALAN  WOOD  COMPANY 

A  typical  Philadelphia  manufacturing  concern,  is  the  Alan 
Wood  Company,  proprietors  of  the  Schuylkill  Iron  Works.  The 
business  was  established  in  1826,  and  incorporated  under  its 
present  style  in  1886,  with  Howard  Wood,  as  president,  and  J.  R. 
Jones,  as  secretary  and  treasurer.  From  the  modest  beginning  of 
over  half  a  century  ago,  the  business  has  expanded  to  such  pro- 
portions that  this  company  are  now  among  the  largest  producers 
in  their  line  in  the  country.  Originally  the  product  of  the  house 
was  300  tons  per  annum,  and  increased  to  15,000  tons,  and  on  com- 
pletion of  extension  to  present  mills,  will  have  a  capacity  of  20,000 
tons  per  year  of  sheet  iron,  and  steel.  The  imitation  Russia  iron, 
now  known  as  patent  planished  iron,  was  first  manufactured  by 
this  company,  and  are  now  the  sole  and  exclusive  manufacturers 
of  this  sheet  iron,  which  has  become  in  general  demand.  The 
mills  of  the  company  are  located  on  the  Schuylkill  river,  at  Consho- 
hocken,  twelve  miles  from  the  city  of  Philadelphia.  The  products 
embrace,  sheet  iron,  and  sheet  steel,  black  and  galvanized  patent 
planished  sheet  iron  and  common  and  charcoal  bloom  sheets,  and 
plate  iron  and  steel.  The  works  are  among  the  largest  of  their 
kind  in  the  country,  covering  an  area  of  several  acres.  The 
buildings,  including  sheet  and  plate  mills,  galvanizing  works,  etc. 
These  are  equipped  with  all  the  latest  improved  machinery  known 
to  modern  science  and  apparatus  necessary  for  the  systematic  con- 
duct of  the  business,  and  employment  is  given  to  about  600  skilled 
workmen.  The  machinery  which  has  gained  an  enviable  re- 
putation for  the  model  establishment  is  peculiarly  adapted  for  the 
purpose  for  which  it  is  employed.  The  black  and  galvanized 
sheet  iron,  charcoal  and  common  sheet  and  plate  iron,  also 
the  best  quality  of  steel  sheets  and  plates  manufactured  by 
this  well-known  company,  are  unsurpassed  by  the  finest  productions 
of  domestic  anil  foreign  manufacturers.  The  company  makes  a 
specialty  of  corrugated  sheet  iron,  both  black  and  galvanized,  used 
for  roofings  and  sidings,  which  is  in  use  all  over  the  States,  and  in 
many  instances  for  the  complete  erection  of  storage  warehouses, 
rolling  mills,  foundries,  elevators  and  other  buildings  in  which  fire- 
proof construction  is  most  essential.  The  Company  have  long 
made  a  specialty  of  gas-holder,  pan  and  elbow,  shovel,  tack,  water 
pipe,  smoke  stack,  last,  stamping,  locomotive  headlight  and  Jack 
iron,  and  the  largest  consumers  of  these  materials  in  the  country 
are  numbered  among  the  permanent  customers. 

The  growth  and  prosperity  of  this  reliable  concern  arc  only 
commensurate  with  the  energy,  ability  and  enterprise  of  its  propri- 
etors, who  are  sedulously  engaged  in  maintaining  the  character  of 
their  productions  and  thereby  meeting  the  most  exacting  demands 
of  the  trade.  From  the  inception  of  the  business  it  has  been  under 
a  management  which  has  identified  the  concern  with  the  introduc- 
tion of  a  new  and  valuable  process  of  manufacture,  notablv  the 
"patent  planishing  process,"  through  which  has  resulted  the  prod- 
uct sold  as  "Patent  Planishing  Sheet  Iron,"  and  conceded  to  be 
superior  to  the  best  imported  Russia  Iron.  The  principal  railroads 
in  the  United  States  and  Canada  have  adopted  the  patent  planished 
sheet  iron  for  covering  the  boilers  of  their  locomotives.  The  plan- 
ishing process  imparts  to  it  that  beautiful  gloss  and  dappled  appear- 
ance peculiar  only  to  Russia  Iron,  closing  the  pores  so  effectually 
that  it  will  resist  the  action  of  the  atmosphere  superior  to  anv  other 
iron  in  existence. 

The  main  offices  and  warerooms  of  the  Company  are  at  No.  519 
Arch  street,  in  this  city,  and  here  they  carry  in  stock  complete  lines 
of  all  the  leading  specialties,  enabling  them  to  fill  the  largest  orders 
at  the  shortest  possible  notice.  The  concern  is  undoubtedly, 
whether  considered  by  the  quality  of  its  productions  or  the  extent 
of  its  operations,  one  of  the  first  in  its  line  in  the  country  and  has  a 
history  which  is  in  full  accord  with  the  spirit  of  the  age. 

The  Alan  Wood  Company  will  be  well  represented  at  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  to  be  held  at  Chicago,  Illinois,  in  1S93. 


THE  CAMBRIA  IRON  COMPANY 

This  Company  was  chartered  under  the  general  laws  of  the 
State  in  the  year  1S52.  The  purpose  was  to  operate  four  old 
fashioned  charcoal  furnaces,  located  in  and  about  Johnstown,  at 
which  period  the  early  manufacturer  of  iron  saw  a  great  future  for 
the  industry.  Coal,  iron  and  limestone  were  abundant,  and  the 
extension  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  would  enable  them  to  find 
a  ready  market  for  their  products. 

In  1S53  the  constructions  of  four  coke  furnaces  were  com- 
menced. England  was  then  shipping  rails  into  this  country  under 
a  low  duty,  and  the  iron  industry,  then  in  its  infancy,  was  strug- 
gling  for  existence.     The  furnaces  at  Johnstown  labored  under 


great  difficulties  in  the  years  between  1852  and  186 1,  and  the  Cam- 
bria Iron  Company  after  many  reverses  and  failures  had  finally 
succeeded  in  establishing  itself.  When  the  war  came  and  with  it 
the  Morrill  tariff  of  1S61  a  greater  field  was  opened  up.  A  new  era 
in  the  manufacture  of  iron  and  steel  was  about  to  dawn  upon  the 
American  people.  From  an  infant  industry  in  the  United  States, 
struggling  for  existence,  as  it  had  been  for  a  century  past,  suddenly 
became  the  greatest  of  our  industries,  and  astonished  the  world  by 
its  magnitude.  The  first  experiment  in  this  country  in  the  manu- 
facture of  pneumatic  steel  was  made  in  1857  at  the  Cambria  Iron 
Works  by  Mr.  William  Kelly,  and  in  a  large  sense  the  steel  indus- 
try must  be  regarded  as  of  American  origin,  though  to  Mr.  Besse- 
mer is  due  the  invention  of  the  ingenious  machinery  by  which  the 
discovery  is  now  so  wonderfully  applied.  The  Cambria  Iron  Com- 
pany commenced  the  erection  of  Bessemer  Works  in  1869,  and  sold 
its  first  steel  rails  in  1871,  at  one  hundred  and  five  dollars  per  ton. 

The  immense  plant  has  been  gradually  expanded  from  the 
original  rolling  mill  and  four  old  style  blast  furnaces,  into  its 
present  wonderful  proportions. 

The  Philadelphia  offices  of  the  Company  are  at  218  South  Fourth 
street.  Mr.  E.  T.  Townsend  the  President,  was  one  of  the  original 
organizers  of  the  Company  in  1S55.  Mr.  Powell  Stackhouse,  Vice- 
President;  Mr.  J.  Y.  Townsend,  Second  Vice-President. 


THE  GLOUCESTER  IRON  WORKS 

Among  the  many  prominent  industrial  establishments  repre- 
sented in  Philadelphia  the  Gloucester  Iron  Works  hold  an  import- 
ant place.  The  business  was  established  in  1864  by  Michellon  S: 
Sexton,  and  incorporated  in  1S71,  with  a  paid  up  capital  of  3154,- 
000.  David  S.  Brown  was  the  first  President.  The  works  on  the 
Delaware  River  extend  over  twenty  acres  of  ground,  covered  with 
founderies,  machine  shops,  boiler  and  smith  shops,  tar  pits,  prov- 
ing shops,  etc.  The  company  employs  about  400  hands  and  melts 
on  an  average  100  tons  of  iron  per  day,  used  in  the  manufacture  of 
cast  iron  gas  and  water  pipe,  heating  and  steam  pipe,  etc.  The 
plant  is  very  complete  in  every  respect  and  facilities  for  receiving 
and  shipping  by  river  and  rail  are  not  surpassed. 

The  present  officers  of  the  company  are:  Mr.  Sam'l  R.  Ship- 
ley, President ;  Mr.  D.  S.  B.  Chew,  Treasurer  ;  Mr.  Jas.  P.  Michel- 
Ion,  Secretary  ;  Mr.  William  Sexton,  Superintendent ;  all  gentle- 
men well  known  in  the  business  circles  of  the  citv. 


HUGHES  &  PATTERSON 

While  only  two  peisons  are  mentioned  in  the  firm  name,  vet 
there  are  three  meniLers  of  the  firm — John  O.  Hughes,  Robert  Pat- 
terson and  Walter  Hatfield.  Their  experience  has  covered  a  period 
of  many  years,  and  it  can  be  said  of  them  that  tney  are  as  ably 
fitted  for  the  successful  management  of  the  iron  business  as  any 
group  of  gentlemen  known  to  the  trade.  Mr.  Hughes  is  a  native  of 
Wales,  but  emigrated  to  the  "  States  "  when  quite  young.  He  has 
long  been  identified  with  iron  industries,  and  was  at  one  time  with 
the  firm  of  Morgan  &  Caskey.  Mr.  Patterson  hails  from  Mont- 
gomery county,  Pa.,  and  previous  to  casting  his  fortunes  with  the 
present  firm  was  connected  with  the  Fairhill  Forge  and  Rolling 
Mills,  with  which  he  continued  thirteen  years.  These  two  gentle- 
men organized  the  business  in  1870,  and  erected  their  first  mill, 
known  as  the  "Delaware  Rolling  Mill,"  at  Richmond  and  Otis 
streets.  Kensington,  Philadelphia,  in  that  year.  Its  equipment  in- 
cludes ten  single  puddling  furnaces,  six  heating  furnaces  and  five 
train  rolls  ;  its  capacity  is  18,000  tons  per  year.  In  1877  Walter 
Hatfield  was  admitted  to  the  firm,  entering  it  immediately  upon 
having  completed  a  collegiate  course  of  studies.  In  18S9  the 
Philadelphia  Rolling  Mill  at  Beach  and  Vienna  streets  was  pur- 
chased and  added  to  the  plant.  It  was  built  in  1858,  and  has 
eight  double  puddling  furnaces,  one  busheling  furnace,  five  heat- 
ing furnaces  and  four  train  rolls.  The  total  capacity  of  both 
mills  is  27,000  tons  net  per  annum.  The  product  includes  mer- 
chant bars,  scrolls,  ovals,  half-ovals,  half-round,  and  horse-shoe 
iron,  etc.,  and  in  quality  is  unsurpassed.  The  firm  give  their 
personal  attention  to  every  detail,  and  as  they  know  the  require- 
ments of  the  trade  they  use  their  every  endeavor  to  meet  them. 
That  they  have  been  successful  in  sodoing  their  prosperity  and  con- 
stantly increasing  business  bears  ample  testimony.  Their  manage- 
ment is  conservative,  and  yet  energetic  and  progressive,  and  by 
their  promptness  in  filling  all  orders  and  superiority  of  their  irons 
they  have  obtained  prominent  distinction  in  the  iron  trade  of  the 
country,  among  whom  they  have  many  warm  friends  and  patrons. 


155 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


GRISWOLD  WORSTED  COMPANY  [Limited] 

Griswold  Worsted  Company  [Limited],  manufacturers  of  all 
grades  of  worsted  and  silk  yarns.  Among  the  many  distinguished 
enterprises  in  the  development  of  Philadelphia's  resources  as  a 
great  centre  of  trade  there  are  few  if  any  more  fitting  or  successful 
representatives  than  the  Griswold  Worsted  Co. 

The  extensive  manufacturing  business  was  established  in  1870 
by  Mr.  W.  A.  Griswold,  and  has  for  twenty-one  years  been  con- 
tinued without  interruption,  never  losing  a  dav  or  shutting  down 
from  strikes  or  other  causes. 

In  August.  1SS1,  Mr.  Griswold  died,  and  February,  1SS2,  the 
important  interests  were  incorporated  under  the  existing  title. 
The  officers  of  the  Company  are  as  follows:  Chairman.  \V.  L. 
Strong,  head  of  the  New  York,  Boston  and  Philadelphia  dry  goods 
commission  house  of  "  W.  L.  Strong  &  Co.,"  and  which  is  selling 
agent  for  many  of  the  leading  mills  of  the  country.  Secretary, 
Mr.  F.  S.  Schroder,  who  is  the  leading  cotton  manufacturer  of 
Lancaster,  Pa.,  controlling  the  four  Conestoga  Mills.  Mr.  H. 
Whiteley,  superintendent,  has  been  connected  with  the  mill  from 
the  organization  and  the  success  of  the  corporation  is  largely  due 
to  his  efficiency  and  skill  as  a  manufacturer  in  all  branches  of  pro- 
duction. 


firm.     This  young  man  has  spent  his  entire  business  career  in  this 

line,  and  is  fully  familiar  with  all  the  many  details  of  the  business. 

In  addition  to  the  plant  just  mentioned  the    firm  also  own  a 

controlling  interest  in  two  other  mills  of  the  same  character  in  the 


Griswold  Worsted  Mills 

Mr.  F.  Wistar  Brown  of  Philadelphia  is  the  treasurer,  widely 
known  in  financial  circles  and  connected  with  many  prominent 
institutions  either  as  an  officer  or  director. 

The  paid  up  capital  of  the  Company  is  5300,000.  The  mills 
are  among  the  finest  of  the  kind  in  the  United  States.  Spacious 
and  well  arranged,  and  fitted  up  with  all  the  latest  improved  ma- 
chinery, spindles  and  appliances. 

Since  the  above  illustration  was  made,  the  Silk  Mill  has  been 
largelv  extended  on  the  right.  Upwards  of  600  hands  find  steady 
employment  in  the  manufacture  of  all  grades  of  silk  and  worsted 
varus  and  silk  yarns  for  cassimere  purposes.  The  choicest  of  raw 
material  is  used  under  the  supervision  of  skilled  experts  and  the 
greatest  care  is  taken  to  maintain  the  highest  standard  of  excellence 
for  all  varns  produced.  The  Philadelphia  office  and  salesrooms  are 
located  at  322  Chestnut  street. 

The  varns  arc  made  in  white,  mixed  and  fancy  colors,  war- 
ranted last,  and  have  continued  to  grow  into  popular  favor  with 
manufacturers,  who  find  them  specially  adapted  in  their  various 
grades  to  everv  description  of  fabric  for  which  thev  are  required. 
The  annual  product  has  attained  large  proportions,  the  company's 
customers  being  found  all  through  the  New  England.  Middle  and 
Western  States,  and  the  officers  of  the  company  are  to  be  con- 
gratulated upon  the  success  of  their  efforts. 


CHARLES  CHIPMAN  &  SON 

The  firm  whose  name  heads  this  short  article  started  in  business 
originally  in  1871.  Through  their  careful  and  considerate  manage- 
ment the  trade  has  steadily  increased  until  it  became  necessary  to 
erect  a  larger  building  that  would  be  suitable  to  the  demand  of  a  fast 
growing  business.  The  building  now  occupied  was  furnished  and 
occupied  by  the  firm  during  the  vear  1SS9.  In  purchasing  the 
machinery  for  the  new  mill  all  advantage  was  taken  of  every  late 
improvement  thus  giving  them  facilities  fully  equal  to  those  pos- 
sessed by  any  American  firm.  Nothing  but  the  finest  class  of 
materials  are  used,  which  in  conjunction  with  the  highly  skilled 
labor  and  the  best  machinery  unite  in  producing  a  grade  of  hosiery 
that  cannot  be  surpassed  by  any  manufacturer  in  this  country.  In 
addition  to  this  large  plant  in  Germantown,  the  firm  also  have  a 
branch  factory  at  Mahanoy  City,  which  is  operated  under  the  name 
of  the  Eagle  Hosiery  Mills.  These  works  are  under  the  supervis- 
iou  of  Mr.  W.  E.  Chipman,  a  son  of  the  senior  member  of  the 


iintiiiiiniiil 
jzniininisiii'liii 

Charles  Chipman  &  Son 

Schuylkill  Valley.  Some  idea  of  the  immense  size  may  be  gath- 
ered from  the  fact  that  employment  is  given  to  nearly  600  work- 
people, and  the  value  of  product  amounts  to  more  than  5400.000 
per  annum.  The  members  of  the  firm  are  Messrs.  Chas.  Chipman 
and  Frank  L.  Chipman.  Both  of  these  gentlemen  are  natives  of 
this  city,  and  have  always  taken  an  active  interest  in  its  welfare. 
Mr.  Chas.  Chipman  is  Past  Master  of  Stephen  Girard  Lodge,  R.  A. 
M..  a  member  of  the  Royal  Arch  Chapter,  No.  183,  and  Captain 
General  of  Kadosh  Commanderv.  No.  29,  K.  T..  the  Manufacturer's 
Club,  Cavalrv  Post,  No.  35,  G.  A.  R.,  and  president  of  the  Fifth 
Pennsylvania  Cavalry  Association,  having  served  three  years  in 
the  late  war  in  the  Fifth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry.  Mr.  Frank  L. 
Chipman  is  the  travelling  man  of  the  firm,  making  trips  through- 
out the  South,  West  anil  Southwest.  Formerly  the  firm  were  also 
manufacturers  of  underwear,  but  about  a  year  ago  they  sold  all 
their  machinery  and  appliances  to  Mr.  B.  \V.  Elder  of  The  Enter- 
prise Hosiery  Mills  of  New  Orleans. 


THE    PHILADELPHIA  BLACK    LEAD   CRUCIBLE  WORKS 

R.  B.  Seidel,  the  president  of  the  Philadelphia  Black  Lead 
Crucible  Works,  and  its  founder,  is  a  native  of  Pennsylvania  and 
was  born  in  Reading  in  1.S20.  In  his  youth  he  was  employed  in  the 
iron  business  and  in  1S66  began  the  manufacture  of  black  lead  cruc- 
ibles, and  so  founded  the  business  now  known  as  the  Philadelphia 
Black  Lead  Crucible  Works.  Mr.  Seidel  had  numerous  partners 
after  the  beginning  of  his  business,  but  is  now  the  sole  proprietor. 
In  1877  the  general  management  of  the  establishment  lie  gave  to 
his  son,  E.  B.  Seidel,  who  was  born  in  Reading  in  1S55,  and  who 
after  his  school  education  served  an  apprenticeship  of  five  years  in 
the  manufacture  of  crucibles.  The  crucibles  of  this  establishment 
are  used  for  melting  gold,  silver,  brass,  steel,  and  other  metals,  and 
also  for  chemicals,  assaying  and  refining  purposes.  The  firm  also 
manufactures  an  article  in  which  it  takes  special  pride,  known  as 
the  black  lead  stopper,  for  Bessemer  steel  makers.  They  guarantee 
that  all  their  manufactures  can  be  exposed  to  the  highest  tempera- 
ture without  alteration  ;  that  thev  will  resist  the  action  of  all  sub- 
stances brought  in  contact  with  them.  They  must  be  refractory  in 
the  strongest  heat,  not  porous  to  liquids,  and  capable  of  bearing 
great  alteration  of  temperature,  on  which  account  it  is  necessary 
thev  should  be  made  of  a  well  gauged  thickness.  So  well  adapted 
are  the  crucibles  manufactured  by  this  house  for  the  purpose  of 
melting  steel  that  the  firm  of  Henry  Disston's  Sous,  saw  works,  at 
Tacony,  used  over  5jo,ooo  worth  of  them  last  year.  The  present 
output  of  the  house  is  100,000  steel  and  30,000  brass  crucibles  per 
annum.  The  number  of  workmen  employed  is  sixty.  In  addition 
to  other  outputs  thev  prepare  fine  plumbago  for  lubricating  and 
stove  polish,  and  hammered  charcoal  iron  of  various  si/c-s  and 
forms.  The  firm  have  large  orders  from  abroad,  particularly  from 
France  and  Belgium,  and  from  the  latter  country  the  orders  are 
chiefly  from  Brussels.  Mr.  Seidel  is  always  glad  to  welcome  any- 
one interested  in  this  branch  of  the  industries  of  Philadelphia  who 
will  visit  his  establishment,  and  all  who  accept  this  invitation  are 
assured  of  a  cordial  welcome  and  full  opportunity  to  inspect  the 
workings  of  the  various  departments.  One  of  the  officials  will 
always  be  on  hand  to  explain  ami  guide  about  the  establishment. 


I06 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


G.  VOLLMER  &  SON 

The  establishment  of  G.  Vollmer  &  Son,  manufacturers  of  an- 
tique furniture  and  decoration  for  interior  and  exterior,  was  first 
located  at  the  southeast  corner  of  Eleventh  and  Chestnut  streets, 
Philadelphia. 

The  founder  of  this  highly  artistic  firm,  G.  Vollmer,  was  born 
in  Ludwigsburg,  Kingdom  of  Bavaria,  September  10,  1816.  He 
came  to  this  country  when  eighteen  years  of  age  and  worked  as 
journevman  at  his  trade  for  seven  years.  It  was  immediately  after 
this  service,  in  1841,  that  he  started  into  business  as  above  stated, 
and  there  continued  until  his  death  on  May  17,  1SS1.  Being  pos- 
sessed of  a  large  measure  of  artistic  skill,  executive  ability  and 
enterprise,  his  productions  quickly  acquired  a  reputation  which 
gave  them  wide-spread  fame,  and  this  reputation  he  maintained  for 
the  forty  vears  of  his  business  life.  The  present  member  of  the 
firm  is  Charles  F.  Vollmer,  son  of  G.  Vollmer.  When  Charles 
was  but  sixteen  years  of  age  he  was  sent  to  Europe  to  study  the  art 
of  decorative  furnishing.  He  remained  abroad  for  a  number  of 
vears — in  Paris  five  years  and  in  London  two  years.  Charles  F. 
Vollmer  has  retained  the  firm  name  of  G.  Vollmer  &  Son.  In  his 
establishment  only  skilled  labor  is  employed.  At  the  present  time 
the  artisans  are  of  many  different  nationalities,  but  Americans  are 
being  educated  in  all  the  intricate  and  difficult  processes  of  manu- 
facture. 

This  education  is  derived  from  practice  and  attendance  upon 
the  art  and  design  school  five  nights  in  each  week,  where  designing 
and  modeling  is  taught.  When  exceptional  talent  and  ambition  is 
shown  the  proprietor  sends  the  pupil  at  his  expense  to  complete  his 
education  in  Paris.  Three  are  there  now.  It  is  found  that  this 
method  produces  the  best  possible  results  and  work  is  turned  out 
which  would  be  impossible  otherwise  to  produce.  All  the  work  is 
done  by  hand.  The  firm  is  prepared  to  undertake  all  kinds  of  in- 
terior work,  ornamental  wood-work,  frescoing,  papering,  painting, 
etc.,  in  the  highest  style  of  art.  as  exhibited  in  our  finest  class  of 
modern  houses.  A  specialty  of  the  firm  is  the  application  of  classic 
features  in  design.  The  best  of  materials  are  used  and  durability 
and  stability  are  guaranteed  in  all  their  work.  The  firm  supply  any 
article  of  furniture  and  finishings,  from  the  smallest  in  use  to 
the  heavy  carved  sets,  mantels,  etc.  The  upholstery  and  curtain 
department  of  the  firm  is  equally  well  provided.  In  the  decoration 
of  libraries  they  are  equally  happy.  In  their  original  as  well  as  in 
the  reproduction  of  antique  designs  they  use  only  the  efforts  of  the 
best  artists,  as  Verchere.  Brunet,  Pignot.  Henry  Havard  and  others 
of  like  reputation.  All  the  goods  offered  for  sale  are  of  their  own 
manufacture. 

Estimates  are  made  for  the  ornamentation  of  churches,  club 
houses,  theaters,  or  any  required  work  in  their  line.  They  have 
facilities  for  filling  the  largest  contracts,  at  the  same  time  thev  take 
great  care  in  satisfying  the  smallest  orders.  Charles  F.  Vollmer  has 
general  supervision  of  the  business  and  is  an  accomplished  de- 
signer. 

The  motto  of  the  firm  is,  they  do  not  desire  so  much  to  excel  in 
the  volume  of  their  work  as  in  quality.  Therefore  they  aim  more 
for  a  selection  of  patrons  than  in  their  number. 

They  are  proud  to  claim  that  the  steady  increase  in  their  busi- 
ness is  the  result  of  strict  attention,  energy,  enterprise,  and  the 
determination  to  excel.  Harmony,  good  taste  and  artistic  skill  are 
noticeable  in  all  their  productions,  and  orders  left  to  their  discre- 
tion to  fill  are  never  disappointing. 

Repairs  and  refurnishings  are  undertaken  by  accomplished 
workmen  with  but  little  inconvenience  to  the  occupants  of  the 
house,  everything  is  done  quietly  and  skillfully  with  but  little  fuss. 

New  designs  and  effects  are  being  constantly  brought  out,  which 
they  show  with  pleasure,  making  estimates  for  anything  required. 

The  factory  is  one  hundred  feet  square,  located  at  1110-14-16 
Sausom  street,  immediately  in  the  rear  of  the  Chestnut  street  store. 

The  business  of  the  firm  was  begun  with  ten  men  ;  it  now  em- 
ploys one  hundred  and  forty  workmen.  The  output  in  the  start 
was  about  §25,000,  now  it  exceeds  $225,000  yearly.  Verv  extensive 
contracts  have  been  taken  in  the  way  of  furnishing  Philadelphia 
houses,  one  amounting  to  f. 75, 000  for  decorations  alone  during  the 
past  year. 

An  important,  as  well  as  a  generous  feature  in  the  management, 
is  the  sending  abroad  young  men  to  be  educated  in  the  schools  of 
Europe  where  they  have  the  advantages  of  instruction  under  the 
most  skillful  artists,  to  return  fully  equipped  with  all  the  require- 
ments to  produce  and  in  time  instruct  others  at  home. 

By  such  means  G.  Vollmer  &  Son  have  attained  a  high  posi- 
tion in  the  trade  and  largely  improved  the  quality  of  American 
productions. 


McKAY  &  KAHLER 

Mr.  George  McKay  and  Mr.  Oscar  A.  Kahler,  trading  under  the 
firm  name  of  McKay  &  Kahler,  are  located  at  the  southwest  corner 
of  Broad  and  Glenwood  avenue  (Germantown  Junction  Penn.  R.  R.). 
They  are  largely  engaged  in  the  sale  of  terra  cotta  salt  glazed  sewer 
pipe,  fire  brick,  vitrified  paving  and  building  brick  ;  also  imported 
and  domestic  cements. 

The  firm  are  the  general  agents  for  the  Pittsburgh  Clay  Manu- 
facturing Co.,  factory  at  New  Brighton,  Pa.,  and  they  make  a  spe- 
cialty of  handling  their  goods.  In  the  manufacture  of  their  sewer 
pipe,  terra  cotta  goods  and  stoneware,  nothing  is  used  but  pure  fire 
clay.  Their  sewer  pipe  is  heavily  glazed  with  salt  when  intensely 
hot,  and  thus  rendered  impervious  to  the  action  of  the  atmosphere 
or  acids.  In  strength,  durability,  shape  and  finish,  their  goods  are 
inferior  to  none  in  the  world  and  equalled  by  very  few. 

The  firm  also  represeut  the  Pittsburgh  Clay  Manufacturing  Co. 
in  the  sale  of  the  celebrated  New  Brighton  vitrified  paving  brick. 

Comparatively  little  is  known  of  vitrified  brick,  and  yet  hun- 
dreds of  miles  of  streets  have  been  laid  with  them,  especially  in  the 
Western  cities  and  towns.  Quite  a  number  of  streets  in  Philadel- 
phia are  paved  with  them,  and  it  is  undoubtedly  the  best  material 
ior  paving  purposes.  They  are  made  of  the  best  fire  clay,  and  thor- 
oughly vitrified,  each  brick  is  put  under  a  pressure  of  two  hundred 
tons,  thus  becoming  intensely  hard.  They  are  very  regular  in  size, 
and  can  be  laid  very  close  to  each  other,  consequently  the  dirt  can- 
not accumulate.  When  the  foundation  is  properly  prepared  and 
rolled  both  before  and  after  paving,  the  surface  will  be  all  that  can 
be  desired.  It  will  not  rot  or  decay.  They  will  not  absorb  any 
moisture,  being  impervious  to  water. 

We  would  also  call  attention  to  a  re-pressed  vitrified  brick  for 
building  purposes,  which  are  excellent  in  finish  and  destined  to 
come  into  prominence  ;  also  fire  brick,  and  some  beautiful  designs 
in  flower  vases. 

Messrs.  McKay  &  Kahler  also  make  a  specialty  in  selling  the 
best  brands  of  imported  and  domestic  cements,  selling  largely  to 
contractors,  builders  and  plumbers. 


KEEBLER-WEYL  BAKING  COMPANY 

The  business  of  this  enterprise  was  established  in  1S62  by  the 
late  John  T.  Rickets,  by  whom  Godfrey  Keebler  was  employed  as 
foreman.  At  the  death  of  Mr.  Rickets,  Mr.  Keebler  purchased 
the  property  and  began  business  with  three  small  ovens,  to  which 
he  soon  added  a  fourth  and  other  improved  machinery  for  the 
manufacture  of  assorted  cakes,  crackers,  etc.  The  factory  is  located 
on  lots  Nos.  25S  to  26S  N.  Twenty-second  street ;  the  building  is 
three  stories  high,  "oxSo  feet,  supplied  with  machinery  of  the  most 
recent  make  driven  by  steam  power,  having  all  the  appliances  for 
kneading,  mixing  and  rolling  the  dough.  Some  one  hundred  hands 
are  employed,  with  a  capacity  of  300  barrels  of  flour  per  week. 

Mr.  Keebler  was  born  in  Wurtemburg  iu  1S22.  and  came  with 
his  father  to  this  country  in  1832.  At  the  age  of  19  he  began  his 
career  as  a  baker  and  at  the  age  of  22  he  established  himself  in 
business,  having  derived  his  capital  from  his  earnings.  He  has 
been  largelv  connected  with  the  German  social  and  business  organi- 
zations of  Philadelphia.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  order  in 
which  he  takes  an  active  interest. 

Mr.  Augustus  Weyl  formed  a  partnership  with  Godfrey  Keebler 
in  the  spring  of  1S90.  In  the  fall  of  1S90  they  were  incorporated  as 
the  Keebler-Wevl  Baking  Company.  Mr.  A.  Weyl  is  the  oldest  of 
five  brothers,  he  was  named  for  his  father,  a  native  of  Steilizt,  and  a 
baker  by  trade,  who  emigrated  from  that  place  with  his  bride,  Mary 
Hafner,  and  settled  in  Columbia,  Pa.,  where  the  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  born  February  2,  1S35.  He  first  learned  the  trade  of  morocco 
dressing,  at  which  he  earned  a  livelihood  when  quite  a  boy  and  a  resi- 
dent of  Mt.  Holly.  He  left  Mt.  Holly  and  went  to  Wilmington,  Del., 
and  engaged  in  the  baking  business  with  his  father  and  brothers. 
At  the  age  of  19  he  went  West,  settling  at  St.  Louis  in  1S64,  where 
he  accepted  the  position  of  letter  carrier.  Finally  he  formed 
a  partnership  with  Captain  John  T.  Dozier,  at  which  time  they 
bought  the  Garneau  Co.'s  factory  which  they  consolidated  with 
their  old  place,  establishing  what  "was  said  to  be  the  largest  cracker 
factory  in  the  world,  and  doing  business  under  the  firm  name  of 
Dozier-Weyl  Cracker  Company.  Iu  the  fall  of  1SS9,  Captain 
Dozier  died,  and  Mr.  Wevl  having  amassed  a  snug  little  fortune 
sold  his  interest  and  also  his  name  to  L.  D.  Dozier  and  then  returned 
to  the  Quaker  City.  Mr.  Aug.  Weyl  is  a  brother  to  the  late  Henry 
Wevl,  and  is  the  only  surviving  male  member  of  his  family,  and 
when  he  dies  the  family  name  will  pass  into  oblivion. 


PHILADELPHIA  AXD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


POTTSVILLE  IRON  AND  STEEL  WORKS 

On  the  iSth  of  January,  1890,  the  Pottsvillc  Iron  and  Steel 
Works  were  fifty  years  old,  and  on  that  date  it  celebrated  its  bi-cen- 
tennial  of  perpetual  existence. 

On  the  establishment  of  these  works  it  was  for  the  first  time 
authoritatively  declared  that  iron  could  be  smelted  with  Pennsylvania 
anthracite  coa!  exclusively  by  the  use  of  the  hot  blast.  The  exper- 
iment was  made  at  the  Pioneer  furnace,  the  site  foundation  of 
which  is  now  the  property  of  the  company. 

The  Pennsylvania  Legislature  was  several  times  urged  to  offer 
a  premium  for  the  successful  smelting  of  iron  with  anthracite  coal. 
Without  waiting  for  the  action  of  the  Legislature,  Burd  Patterson, 
of  Pottsville,  Pa.,  announced  that  he  would  give  a  thousand  dollars 
per  ton  for  ten  tons  of  good  iron  smelted  with  anthracite  coal. 

In  1S38  Mr.  Patterson  laid  the  foundation  for  a  furnace  for  the 
smelting  of  iron.  On  July  13,  1839,  the  furnace  was  in  blast,  and  on 
October  12  of  the  same  year  a  successful  result  was  attained. 

William  Lyman,  then  at  the  head  of  the  works,  was  using  iron 
ore  from  the  mines  of  Morris,  Mann  &  Co.,  at  Iron  Hall.  Not  a 
scrap  of  old  metal,  wood  or  charcoal  was  used,  except  for  the  mere 
purpose  of  first  ignition. 

The  undoubted  success  of  the  Pottsville  Iron  and  Steel  Works 
attracted  attention  throughout  the  country,  and  its  importance  was 
commented  upon  by  all  the  leading  journals.  January  18,  1*40,  a 
banquet  was  given  to  celebrate  the  successful  establishment  of  these 
works.  A  bonus  of  Jio.ooo  had  been  offered  as  a  reward  if  there 
could  be  an  entirely  successful  three  months'  run,  and  Mr.  Lvinan 
carried  off  the  prize. 

The  success  of  this  experiment  marked  the  beginning  of  a  new 
era.  The  flattering  verdict  of  a  Philadelphia  committee,  composed 
as  they  were  of  men  of  wide  reputation,  settled  the  question  which 
had  for  several  years  been  a  mooted  one,  as  to  whether  by  the  Penn- 
sylvania anthracite  coal  alone  and  the  hot  blast,  iron  ore  could  be 
smelted.  The  furnace  was  then  named  the  Pioneer.  Mr.  Lvman 
anil  others  disposed  of  it  to  the  Atkins  Brothers  in  1S53.  When 
Hanson  E.,  Charles  M.  and  William  Way  Atkins  purchased  the 
Pioneer  Furnace  they  employed  about  twenty-five  men  and  the  works 
covered  an  area  of  perhaps  an  acre.  There  was  but  one  stack  and 
it  and  the  machinery  were  of  the  most  primitive  order.  Improve- 
ments were  at  once  begun,  and  although  the  expense  was  great  the 
immediate  returns  showed  the  wisdom  of  the  new  proprietors.  In 
1854,  Mr.  C.  M.  Atkins  purchased  an  interest  in  the  Fishbach  Roll- 
ing Mill,  built  by  John  Burnis  in  [852.  The  mill  then  employed 
about  fifty  people,  had  one  healing  and  three  puddling  furnaces. 
The  facilities  of  the  mill  were  enlarged  and  the  demand  for  iron 
increasing,  it  was  necessary  to  keep  the  furnaces  up  to  the  require- 
ments of  the  works.  In  1870  a  new  mill  was  erected  and  several 
times  enlarged,  and  machinery  put  in  fur  the  manufacture  of  bridge 
iron.  This  has  grown  to  lie  a  most  important  feature  of  the  plant, 
and  orders  are  filled  for  contractors  from  all  parts  of  the  country. 
In  18S4  a  steel  plant  addition  was  erected.  These  shops  constitute 
the  backbone  of  the  business  of  Pottsville.  The  Pioneer  Furnace 
has  grown  until  it  now  covers  an  area  of  seven  acres,  and  comprises 
three  large  furnaces  turning  out  50.000  tons  of  pig  iron  annually. 
The  furnaces  are  under  the  personal  management  of  H.  B.  Mill'i- 
ken,  with  H.  C.  Cooper  as  superintendent. 

CQ  All  the  pig  iron  turned  out  is  used  at  the  rolling  mills  at  Fish- 
bach. These  mills  cover  an  area  of  fourteen  acres.  Their  capacity 
is  about  125,000  tons  of  finished  iron  and  steel  per  annum.  When 
the  Atkins  Brothers  took  hold  of  the  property  it  produced  about 
one-third  of  that  quantity.  The  mills  now  employ  850  men  and 
both  plants  together  secure  employment  to  oyer  1000  hands,  and 
steady  work  is  given  all  the  year  around.  The  works  of  the  com- 
pany are  situated  at  Pottsville,  ninety-three  miles  from  Philadelphia, 
but  as  a  very  large  proportion  of  its  production  is  sold  in  this  mar- 
ket, it  may  properly  be  called  a  Philadelphia  concern.  The  offices 
of  the  company  are  at  No.  226  South  Fourth  street,  Philadelphia. 
The  two  companies  which  are  controlled  by  the  same  interest 
are  manufacturers  of  all  classes  of  iron  and  steel  for  buildings, 
bridges,  and  structural  work  generally,  and  also  manufacture  all 
classes  of  bridges,  and  in  connection  with  the  Pottsville  Bridge 
Company  are  contractors  for  the  erection  of  this  work. 

Among  the  many  prominent  buildings  in  Philadelphia  for 
which  it  has  furnished  the  material  are  :  The  Girard  Life  Insurance 
and  Trust  Company,  corner  of  Broad  and  Chestnut  streets  ;  the 
large  apartment  house  of  Henry  Warden,  and  part  of  the  iron 
work  required  in  the  floors  of  the  new  City  Hall.  The v  are  at  pres- 
ent engaged  in  building  and  erecting  the  west  approach  to  the  new 
Walnut  street  bridge,  which  contract  covers  about  5200,000  worth  of 
work.  The  present  president  of  the  Pottsville  Iron  and  Steel  Com- 
pany is  William  Atkins,  son  of  the  late  Charles  M.  Atkins. 


LUKENS  &  WH1TTINGTON 

Of  626  Race  street,  are  extensive  manufacturers  ot  dental  instru- 
ments and  dealers  in  dental  supplies,  and  carry  oil  a  business  that 
was  originally  established  twenty-three  years  ago.  Thev  employ  a 
force  of  the  most  experienced  workmen  to  be  found  in  the  business, 
and  as  both  partners  are  thoroughly  versed  in  the  trade,  thev  work 


TUB 

gigg 


side  bv  side  with  their  employees  in  the  shops,  and  the  great  success 
they  have  attained  is  in  a  large  measure  due  to  this  personal  in- 
terest and  supervision.  The  facilities  arc  ample,  the  machinery, 
tools,  etc.,  used  being  of  the  very  finest  and  most  modern  patterns, 
which  enables  them  to  turn  out  work  unexcelled  in  the  markets  of 
the  Tinted  States.  Thev  keep  apace  with  the  times,  both  in  im- 
provements and  in  price,  and  have  established  for  themselves  a  trade 
with  very  many  of  the  leading  dental  firms  in  the  country. 


STAMBACH  &  LOVE 

The  firm  of  Stambach  &  Love,  manufacturers  of  plumbers'  sup- 
plies and  all  materials  of  the  laundry  such  as  wash  tubs,  hearth 
sinks,  etc.,  now  composed  of  Servcstus  Stambach  and  Robert  Love, 
was  organized  on  September  1,  1877,  at  56  North  Seventh  street, 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1882  the  firm  made  additions  to  their  build- 
ings as  they  did  again  in  1887.  Their  present  premises  are  50  and 
52  North  Seventh  street,  with  a  frontage  of  76  feet  and  a  depth  of 
100  feet.  Work-shops  are  also  located  at  152  Nicholson  street. 
Their  trade  is  exclusively  wholesale   to  the  plumbing  trade. 

They  have  furnished  all  the  materials  in  their  line  for  the 
Provident  Life  and  Trust  building  at  Fourth  anil  Chestnut  streets, 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  the  Hahueman,  and  the  Presbyterian  Hos- 
pitals of  Philadelphia.  They  have  just  completed  a  contract  with 
the  Medical  and  Chirurgical  Hospital  of  Philadelphia,  and  they  did 
all  the  plumbing  work  at  the  new  hospital  at  Devon,  Pennsylvania, 
and  at  the  Manufacturers'  Club,  1409  Walnut  street,  Philadelphia. 
More  and  more  attention  is  being  constantly  paid  in  the  erecting  of 
buildings  to  perfect  plumbing  and  to  all  the  accessories  of  plumb- 
ing. In  these  days  of  the  erection  of  enormously  high  buildings 
scarcely  any  other  matter  is  of  equal  importance.  In  fact  so  im- 
portant is  the  perfect  arrangement  of  all  the  pipes  etc.,  throughout 
private  dwellings,  apartment  houses,  hotels,  etc. ,  that  it  has  attracted 
the  serious  attention  of  physicians  and  you  can  scarcely  pick  up  a 
medical  journal  without  seeing  the  matter  earnestly  discussed. 
It  is  even  suggested  that  the  derelict  or  careless  plumber  should  be 
brought  under  the  law. 

Over  twenty  men  are  constantly  employed  by  this  firm.  They 
manufacture  and  carry  all  the  specialties  needed  by  plumbers, 
giving  particular  attention  to  the  proper  sanitary  equipments  ot 
modern  buildings.  They  arc  perfectly  willing  to  have  themselves 
judged  by  their  completed  work  and  that  which  they  have  under 
way.  There  are  constant  improvements  in  plumbers'  specialties 
and  the  firm  spares  neither  time  nor  expense  in  securing  novelties 
which  it  supposes  will  be  of  worth.  It  is  adding  at  all  times  to  its 
facilities  and  is  capable  of  filling  any  contract  no  matter  how  large 
or  seemingly  intricate.  It  proceeds  upon  the  theory  that  the  public 
should  understand  that  in  no  case  is  it  truer  than  in  that  of  plumb- 
ing, that  the  best  work  is  always  the  cheapest  in  the  end. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHI  LA  DELPHI 'ANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THE  JOHN  B.  STETSON  CO. 

This  business  was  originated  by  Mr.  John  B.  Stetson,  January 
17,  1S65,  and  has  been  conducted  with  such  signal  success  as  to  carrv 
it  into  the  very  front  ranks  of  the  manufacturing  interests  of  the 
city. 

From  a  small  production  of  six  dozen  hats  a  day  the  increase  has 
been  to  over  200  dozen  a  day  at  the  present  time.  Additions  to  plant 
and  the  latest  improved  machinery  have  been  made  from  time  to  time, 
and  the  business  has  been  built  up  out  of  the  profits  of  the  concern. 
The  plant  is  located  at  the  corner  of  Fourth  street  and  Montgomery 
avenue  and  consists  of  a  five  story  and  basement  building.  In  the  rear 
of  this,  the  Company  has  just  completed  an  addition  by  the  erection 
of  a  seven  story  brick  building.  This  building  is  now  occupied  and 
the  tnaehinerv  in  operation.  Notwithstanding  the  fire  proof  con- 
struction of  the  factory,  automatic  sprinklers,  extending  along  the 
ceilings  of  each  story,  and  Babcock  extinguishers,  roof  tanks  and 
other  safety  apparatus,  give  an  additional  security  to  life  and  prop- 
erty. The  machinery  is  run  by  an  engine  of  125  horse  power,  and 
six  boilers  (one  of  a  capacity  of  sixty,  one  of  eighty  and  four  of  one 
hundred  horse  power  each).  The  elevators,  two  in  number,  are 
operated  by  machinery  located  in  the  basement.  All  of  the  manu- 
facturing departments  are  lighted  by  electricity.  Mr.  Stetson's 
benevolence  and  the  keen  interest  he  lakes  in  the  welfare  of  the 
operatives  is  well  illustrated  from  the  fact  that  he  maintains  a  num. 
ber  of  institutions  which  arc  as  unique  as  they  arc  useful.  There 
are  large  rooms  devoted  to  various  Associations — religious,  social 
anil  beneficial,  which  Mr.  Stetson  has  founded.  There  is  a  hand- 
some hall,  two  stories  high,  capable  of  seating  about  two  thousand 
persons,  in  which  Sunday  School  is  held  and  is  patronized  not  only 
by  the  employees  but  many  persons  in  the  neighborhood.  There 
are  also  side  galleries,  and  the  hall  is  furnished  with  a  fine  piano 
and  organ.  Underneath  there  is  a  spacious  library  and  reading 
room.  Here  is  also  an  armory  where  are  kept  guns  and  equip- 
ments belonging  toa  military  company,  composed  entirely  of  young 
men  employed  in  the  factory.  One  of  the  most  useful  institutions 
connected  with  the  establishment  is  the  Medical  Department,  and 
through  which  a  vast  amount  of  good  has  been  accomplished.  A 
.great  many  hands  employed  in  the  factory  have  been  enabled  to 
secure  houses  of  their  own  through  the  workings  of  the  John  B, 
Stetson  Building  Association.  Mr.  John  B.  Stetson,  the  founder, 
is  the  president,  Mr.  Win.  P.  Frev  vice-president,  Mr.  J.  X.  Mont- 
gomery secretary,  and  Mr.  Robert  M.  Smith  treasurer.  There  is 
also  a  beneficial  association,  contributed  to  by  all,  and  the  funds  of 
which  are  often  augmented  by  donations  from  Mr.  Stetson.  The 
steady  progress  of  the  concern  will  be  appreciated  when  we  state 
that  fully  one  thousand  hands  are  regularly  emploved.  The  "Stet-  ■ 
son"  hats  are  known  as  representing  the  best  efforts  of  American 
manufacture.  At  all  of  the  International  Industrial  Exhibits,  tliev 
have  taken  the  highest  honors.  One  of  their  latest  triumphs  being 
at  the  Paris  Exposition  of  1S89,  where  they  carried  awav  the  grand 
prize.  They  make  a  specialty  of  soft  and  stiff  felts,  the  qualitv  of 
which  has  been  described  by  the  term  "Ineffable."  They  are 
always  ahead  of  the  trade  as  regards  styles,  and  ever}'  person  may 
be  sure  of  purchasing  the  "correct  thing,"  when  he  buys  a  "Stet- 
son" hat. 

The  Company  was  incorporated  in  1S91.  still  retaining  the  time 
honored  name  of  John  B.  Stetson.  Theactof  incorporation  brought 
with  it  renewed  strength  and  additional  importance.  The  original 
policy  as  laid  down  by  Mr.  Stetson  will  be  faithfully  adhered  to, 
and  under  the  present  management  the  future  prospects  of  the  con- 
cern are  favorable  to  a  continued  enlargement  of  business,  and  the 
enhancement  of  their  reputation  as  one  of  the  great  industrial  insti- 
tutions of  Philadelphia. 

The  John  B.  Stetson  Co.  will  be  represented  at  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  in  Chicago,  in  1S93. 


THE  PORTLAND  PAVING  COMPANY 

The  paving  of  streets  of  great  cities  has  within  the  last  few 
years  attracted  more  attention  and  caused  more  studv  and  experi- 
ment than  it  did  for  hundred  of  years  before.  It  is  within  the 
memory  of  even  the  youngest  when  the  cobble  stone  was  thought 
to  be  the  perfection  of  city  road-ways  and  it  was  not  until  after  it 
was  demonstrated  that  tie  roadways  could  be  better  paved,  that 
the  attention  of  inventors  and  capitalists  was  turned  to  the  side- 
walks themselves.  The  first  pavement  of  the  sidewalks  if  it  can  be 
so  called  was  a  wood  platform  and  when  that  was  superseded  by 
brick  it  was  thought  that  perfection  had  been  reached.  When 
natural  stone  was  after  a  while  substituted  for  brick  pavements  for 
sidewalks,  it  was  declared  impossible  to  go  anv  farther.  But  the 
expense,  the  trouble  and  the  delay  in  placing'  the  natural  stone, 
with  very  often  not  very  satisfactory  results  put  the  wits  of  the  in- 
ventors to  work,  and  artificial  stone  appeared.  There  are  numerous 
compositions  and  many  possess  excellent  qualities  but  the  expense 
attendant  upon  thciruse  is  too  great  to  allow  the  general  adoption  of 
some  of  them. 

Mr.  W.  H.  Jenkins,  head  of  the  Portland  Paving  Companv, 
has  invented  an  artificial  stone  which  combines  durability  with  the 
advantage  that  it  can  be  placed  at  comparativelv  small  outlav.  It 
is  called  "  Metalithic  "  and  derives  its  name  from  the  use  of  an 
iron  chain  introduced  into  the  blocks  of  granite  and  cement  com- 
pound as  a  binder.  It  is  extensively  used  not  only  for  paving  but 
for  varying  building  purposes,  curbings,  etc.  Anv  design  or  color 
can  be  obtained.  Its  tensile  strength  which  is  very  great  is  largelv 
in  favor  for  such  uses,  it  being  guaranteed  at  150  tons  per  cubic 
foot.  Science  coupled  with  indefatigable  energy  has  brought  this 
material  to  such  perfection  that  it  is  now  very  largelv  used  in  the 
construction  of  buildings,  especially  those  designed  to  be  fire-proof. 
It  is  here  used  in  a  manner  which  once  would  been  deemed  impos- 
sible, as  for  sills,  lintels,  steps,  floors,  for  which  it  used  to  be  sup- 
posed there  was  no  other  Proper  material  than  wood.  The  busi- 
ness of  the  firm  in  Philadelphia  is  very  extensive  and  in  the  matter 
of  paving  alone  they  are  doing  as  much  as  anv  other  house  in  the 
city.  It  is  now  fulfilling  contracts  for  a  number  of  the  new  build- 
ings being  erected  throughout  the  citv. 


WARNER  H.  JENKINS 

Warner  Haddon  Jenkins  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Fehruarv 
27,  1864.  He  is  of  English  descent,  his  ancestors  being  of  good  old 
Ouaker  stock  and  remarkable  for  their  longevity.  His  paternal 
grandmother  was  Patience  Jenkins,  a  well-known  Ouaker  preacher 
of  her  time.  His  father,  Colonel  Samuel  Howell  Jenkins,  was 
among  the  first  to  offer  his  services  to  the  Government  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  war  of  the  rebellion.  Mr.  Jenkins  was  educated  at  the 
Friends'  Select  School  at  Fifteenth  and  Race  streets,  where  he 
studied  for  three  years  and  afterwards  acquired  business  methods 
and  stenography  at  Laudcrback's  Academy.  He  subsequently  en- 
tered the  senior  class  of  the  Newton  Grammar  School,  and  then 
was  admitted  to  the  preparatory  class  of  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania, and  he  finished  his  education  by  a  private  course  of 
mathematics  and  the  sciences  under  the  tuition  of  Professor  Verger. 

While  still  a  young  man.  Mr.  Jenkins  became  a  clerk  in  the 
office  of  the  Cambria  Iron  Companv  and  he  retired  a  year  later 
on  account  of  sickness.  He  then  studied  practical  surveying  and 
was  appointed  a  solicitor  of  contracts  for  the  Columbia  Paving 
Company.  Eventually  he  entered  into  a  partnership  with  Mr. 
George  W.  Bush  for  the  manufacture  of  artificial  stone,  under  the 
name  of  the  Portland  Paving  Company.  The  partnership  con- 
tinued until  1SS6,  when  a  stock  company  was  formed  under  the 
same  title,  both  partners  taking  a  large  interest  in  the  concern,  and 
Mr.  Jen  kins  acting  as  Superintending  Engineer  and  general  manager. 
The  business  of  the  Portland  Paving  Company  has  now  become 
very  extensive,  and  its  only  rival  in  this  city  is  the  Vulcanite  Pav- 
ing Company.  Mr.  Jenkins  is  a  competent  hydraulic  engineer  and 
he  is  considered  an  authority  in  all  matters  relating  to  patent  paving, 
cements,  etc. 

But  it  is  to  the  invention  of  "  Metalithic"  that  Mr.  Jenkins  owes 
his  fame  and  a  good  part  of  his  fortune.  To  push  this  great  and 
useful  discovery  Mr.  Jenkins  has  entered  into  partnership  with 
H.  Victor  Gause',  with  offices  in  the  Drexel  Building.  "  Metalithic" 
is  now  being  introduced  throughout  the  United  States,  and  it  is 
certainly  one  of  the  most  important  discoveries  in  the  building 
trade.  Mr.  Jenkins  is  also  Consulting  Engineer  of  the  Empire 
Paving  Companv  of  New  Vork.  He  married  on  May  2S,  1SS5, 
Miss  Mary  Lewis  Rowland,  and  he  has  two  sons  and  a  daughter. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHLLADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


VULCANITE  PAVING  COMPANY 

The  business  of  this  company  was  established  in  the  City  of 
Philadelphia  in  1S71.  The  very  general  useof  vulcanite  and  patent 
granolithic  pavement  in  place  of  brick  and  stone  has  not  only  been 
a  matter  of  great  economy,  but  a  feature  of  comfort  and  beautv 
wherever  used,  rendering  any  special  description  of  the  article 
unnecessary.  It  is  cheaper  than  stone,  quite  as  durable,  and  laid  to 
fit  any  form  or  space.  For  sidewalks  and  roadways  many  miles  are 
in  use  in  Philadelphia,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  uneven,  un- 
sightly brick  walks  will  continue  to  give  way  to  this  material.  As 
a  flooring  for  cellars,  hotel  and  office  buildings  it  has  no  equal. 
Besides  the  miles  of  streets  and  sidewalks  laidbv  this  companv,  the 
company  refer  to  the  following  buildings  in  which  their  granolithic 
flooring  and  sidewalks  arc  laid:  The  Puhlic  Buildings,  the  Drexel 
Building,  Post  Office,  Giraid  Life  Insurance  Building,  Broad  Street 
Station  of  the  Pennsvlvania  Railroad,  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Depot, 
County  Prison,  Baldwin  Locomotive  Works,  and  many  others. 
The  extent  of  the  business  is  very  largely  increasing,  and  amounts 
now  to  about  JSco.ooo  yearly, 
giving  employment  to  about 
five  hundred  men.  It  can  be 
laid  in  any  design  or  color. 
The  paving  of  wet  and  damp 
cellars  and  side  yards  is  a  spe- 
cialty. The  companv  are  the 
sole  agents  for  the  P.  &  B. 
patent  ideal  roofing,  P.  &  B. 
paints  and  sheathing  paper, 
and  other  kinds  of  roofing, 
and  sole  manufacturers  of  iron 
slag  blocks.  The  company 
was  incorporated  in  1871.  Dr. 
L.  S.  Filbert  is  President,  and 
D.  S.  Fisher, Treasurer.  Offices, 
1502  Green  street. 


FRED.  AUG.  GENTH,  Jr. 


Late  Assistant  Professor  of 
Chemistry  in  the  University 
ot  Pennsylvania,  was  born  in 
Philadelphia  February  1  2.  1S.55. 
He  is  descended  from  a  familv 
of  considerable  renown  iii 
Europe,  related  in  its  collateral 
branches  with  such  distin- 
guished chemists  as  Profs. 
Lcibig,  Bunsen,  and  others, 
and  is  the  son  of  Frederick  A. 
Genth,  who  was  assistant  to 
Prof.  Bunsen  in  the  University 
at  Marburg,  Germany,  and  for 
many  years  Professor  of  Chem- 
istry and  Mineralogy  in  the 
University  of  Pennsvlvania. 

Prof.  Genth  received  his 
preliminary  education   in  pri- 


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V. 

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WILLIAM  &  HARVEY  ROWLAND 

Manufacturers  of  carriage  and  wagon  springs,  steel,  Norway 
shapes,  etc.  This  firm  commenced  business  in  the  var  1S35,  and 
was  composed  of  four  brothers,  Thomas,  Benjamin,  William  and 
Harvey,  descendants  of  John  Rowland  a  sturdv  vcoman  who  in  the 
year  1682,  came  from  Sussex  County,  England!  to  this  country  with 
a  number  of  his  friends  and  neighbors  to  find  a  home  in  the  new 
colony  established  by  William  Penn.  After  carrving  on  the  manu- 
facture of  saws  exclusively  for  several  years,  they  added  in  1S42 
the  manufacture  of  carriage  and  wagon  "springs  to  their  business. 
After  experiencing  great  difficulty  in  obtaining  from  either  abroad 
or  at  home  steel  suitable  for  their  requirements  thev  decided  in 
1S45  to  make  it  themselves,  and  thus  have  under  their' own  control 
and  supervision  all  the  materials  that  entered  into  the  manufacture 
of  their  goods.  This  addition  to  their  business  required  a  large  out- 
lay of  money  for  buildings,  machinery,  furnaces,  etc.,  but  the  wis- 
dom of  this  move  was  demonstrated  bv  their  ability  with  their  im- 
proved facilities  to  produce  better  goods  than  hadheretofore  been 
made  in  this  countrv.and  thev 
gained  a  reputation  which  thev 
have  ever  since  carefully 
guarded  and  maintained.  The 
business  was  continued  bv  the 
founders  until  1S61,  whea  the 
senior  partners,  Thomas  and 
Benjamin,  retired,  and  William 
and  Harvey  continued  until 
December  18,  1872,  when  Wil- 
liam died  after  a  short  illness  ; 
the  business  was  then  carried 
on  by  Harvey,  his  sons  Wil- 
liam. Frank  S.,  and  Edward 
and  Charles,  sons  of  William, 
the  late  senior  partner,  until 
January  28,  1S8S.  when  Harvev 
died.  since  which  time  the 
business  has  been  conducted 
by  Edward  and  Charles  Row- 
land under  the  original  firm 
name  of  William  &  Harvev 
Rowland.  From  a  small  estab- 
lishment with  a  local  trade  it 
has  grown  to  be  one  of  the 
largest  of  its  kind,  with  trade 
in  every  State  in  the  Union, 
Canada,  South  and  Central 
America. 


Dr.  L.  S.  Filbert 


vate  schools,  principally  at  the  West  renn  Square  Academv,  and  at 
the  age  of  seventeen  entered  the  University  of  Pennsvlvania,  from 
which  he  was  graduated  in  1S76  with  the  degree  of  B.'  S.  He  then 
took  a  post  graduate  course  of  two  vears  in  chemistry,  receiving  the 
degree  of  Master  of  Sciences.  While  he  was  vet  a  student,  and  for 
some  time  afterward,  he  assisted  in  the  chemical  department  of  the 
Second  Geological  Survey  of  the  State  of  Pennsvlvania,  and  some 
of  the  valuable  work  he  did  is  recorded  in  its  reports,  especiallv  in 
C.  6,  of  Hall  and  Genth's  reports.  In  iSSr  he  became  connected 
with  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  as  instructor  in  Analvtical 
Chemistry,  and  two  years  later  was  appointed  Assistant  Professor  of 
Chemistry  in  that  institution,  a  position  that  he  held  uutil  1SS9. 
He  then  withdrew  to  devote  his  attention  more  especiallv  to  busi- 
ness pursuits. 

In  1S90,  in  association  with  George  W.  Hancock,  ex-Citv 
Treasurer  Bell,  Henry  Z.  Ziegler,  and  others,  he  established  the 
West  Philadelphia  Title  and  Trust  Company,  of  which  he  is  now 
a  director.  Professor  Genth  has  made  important  contributions  to 
scientific  literature,  and  is  a  member  of  several  learned  societies, 
including  the  American  Philosophical  Socictv  of  Philadelphia, 
and  the  Chemical  Societies  of  Berlin  and  Paris,  in  which  mem- 
bership cannot  be  obtained  without  giving  satisfactory  evidence  of 
possessing  scientific  attainments. 


FRANCIS   PEROT'S   SONS 
MALTING  COMPANY 

The  above-named  com- 
pany is  the  oldest  business 
house  in  the  United  States.  It 
was  established  in  16S7  and  in- 
corporated in  1S87.  Mr.  T. 
Morris  Perot  is  President,  Ed- 
ward H.  Ogden,  Vice-President,  Elliston  Perot,  Secretary,  and  Mr. 
Theodore  F.  Miller,  Treasurer.  Mr.  T.  Morris  Perot,  is  the  first 
Vice-President  of  the  Board  of  Trade,  President  of  the  Women's 
Medical  College,  President  of  the  Mercantile  Library  Company, 
Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  College  of  Pharmacy,  Director 
of  the  United  Securitv  Trust  Companv  aud  other  financial  organiza- 
tions. Anthony  Morris  came  to  this  country  in  16S2  in  the  ship 
"  Welcome"  with  William  Penn,  and  was  present  at  the  signing  of 
the  treaty  with  the  Indians.  He  first  went  to  Burlington,  N.  J.,  14 
miles  up  the  Delaware  River  from  Philadelphia.  He  remained 
there  until  16S6,  when  he  returned,  and  in  16S7  he  purchased  a  lot 
on  the  east  side  of  F'ront  street  below  Walnut  facing  the  river  and 
erected  thereon  a  brewery.  Mr.  T.  Morris  Perot,  of  the  present 
firm,  represents  the  seventh  generation  in  direct  line  of  descent, 
and  Mr.  Elliston  Perot  represents  the  eighth  generation.  We  do 
not  believe  there  is  another  house  in  existence  in  the  United  States 
that  can  present  a  continuous  unbroken  line  of  descent  of  over 
two  hundred  years.  It  is  a  record  that  the  surviving  members  of 
the  familv  can  feel  justly  proud  of.  The  malt  offices  are  located 
at  3 10  to  322  Vine  street,  319  New  street  in  this  city,  and  at  Oswego, 
N.  V.  The  firm  has  always  maintained  the  highest  standard  of 
business  probity  and  commercial  honor  and  ranks  as  one  of  the 
leading  firms  in  its  line  in  the  United  States. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THE  JOHN  B.  STETSON  CO. 

This  business  was  originated  by  Mr.  John  B.  Stetson,  January 
17,  1865,  and  has  been  conducted  with  such  signal  success  as  to  carry 
it  into  the  very  front  ranks  of  the  manufacturing  interests  of  the 
city. 

From  a  small  production  of  six  dozen  hats  a  day  the  increase  has 
been  to  over  200  dozen  a  day  at  the  present  time.  Additions  to  plant 
and  the  latest  improved  machinery  have  been  made  from  time  to  time, 
and  the  business  has  been  built  up  out  of  the  profits  of  the  concern. 
The  plant  is  located  at  the  corner  of  Fourth  street  and  Montgomery 
avenue  and  consists  of  a  five  story  and  basement  building.  In  the  rear 
of  this,  the  Company  has  just  completed  an  addition  by  the  erection 
of  a  seven  story  brick  building.  This  building  is  now  occupied  and 
the  machinery  in  operation.  Notwithstanding  the  fire  proof  con- 
struction of  the  factory,  automatic  sprinklers,  extending  along  the 
ceilings  of  each  story,  and  Babcock  extinguishers,  roof  tanks  and 
other  safety  apparatus,  give  an  additional  security  to  life  and  prop- 
erty. The  machinery  is  run  by  an  engine  of  125  horse  power,  and 
six  boilers  (one  of  a  capacity  of  sixty,  one  of  eighty  and  four  of  one 
hundred  horse  power  each).  The  elevators,  two  in  number,  are 
operated  by  machinery  located  in  the  basement.  All  of  the  manu- 
facturing departments  are  lighted  by  electricity.  Mr.  Stetson's 
benevolence  and  the  keen  interest  he  takes  in  the  welfare  of  the 
operatives  is  well  illustrated  from  the  fact  that  he  maintains  a  num. 
ber  of  institutions  which  are  as  unique  as  they  are  useful.  There 
are  large  rooms  devoted  to  various  Associations — religious,  social 
and  beneficial,  which  Mr.  Stetson  has  founded.  There  is  a  hand- 
some hall,  two  stories  high,  capable  of  seating  about  two  thousand 
persons,  in  which  Sunday  School  is  held  and  is  patronized  not  only 
by  the  emplovees  but  many  persons  in  the  neighborhood.  There 
are  also  side  galleries,  and  the  hall  is  furnished  with  a  fine  piano 
and  organ.  Underneath  there  is  a  spacious  library  and  reading 
room.  Here  is  also  an  armory  where  are  kept  guns  and  equip- 
ments belonging  to  a  military  company,  composed  entirely  of  young 
men  employed  in  the  factory.  One  of  the  most  useful  institutions 
connected  with  the  establishment  is  the  Medical  Department,  and 
through  which  a  vast  amount  of  good  has  been  accomplished.  A 
great  many  hands  employed  in  the  factory  have  been  enabled  to 
secure  houses  of  their  own  through  the  workings  of  the  John  B 
Stetson  Building  Association.  Mr.  John  B.  Stetson,  the  founder, 
is  the  president,  Mr.  Wm.  P.  Frey  vice-president,  Mr.  J.  N.  Mont- 
gomery secretary,  and  Mr.  Robert  M.  Smith  treasurer.  There  is 
also  a  beneficial  association,  contributed  to  by  all.  and  the  funds  of 
which  arc  often  augmented  by  donations  from  Mr.  Stetson.  The 
steady  progress  of  the  concern  will  be  appreciated  when  we  state 
that  fully  one  thousand  hands  are  regularly  employed.  The  "Stet-  ■ 
son"  hats  are  known  as  representing  the  best  efforts  of  American 
manufacture.  At  all  of  the  International  Industrial  Exhibits,  thev 
have  taken  the  highest  honors.  One  of  their  latest  triumphs  being 
at  the  Paris  Exposition  of  18S9,  where  they  carried  away  the  grand 
prize.  They  make  a  specialty  of  soft  and  stilf  felts,  the  quality  of 
which  has  been  described  by  the  term  "Ineffable."  They  are 
always  ahead  of  the  trade  as  regards  styles,  and  even'  person  may 
be  sure  of  purchasing  the  "correct  thing,"  when  he  buys  a  "Stet- 
son" hat. 

The  Company  was  incorporated  in  1S91,  still  retaining  the  time 
honored  name  of  John  B.  Stetson.  The  actof  incorporation  brought 
with  it  renewed  strength  and  additional  importance.  The  original 
policy  as  laid  down  by  Mr.  Stetson  will  be  faithfully  adhered  to, 
and  under  the  present  management  the  future  prospects  of  the  con- 
cern are  favorable  to  a  continued  enlargement  of  business,  and  the 
enhancement  of  their  reputation  as  one  of  the  great  industrial  insti- 
tutions of  Philadelphia. 

The  John  B.  Stetson  Co.  will  be  represented  at  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  in  Chicago,  in  1S93. 


THE  PORTLAND  PAVING  COMPANY 

The  paving  of  streets  of  great  cities  has  within  the  last  few 
years  attracted  more  attention  and  caused  more  study  and  experi- 
ment than  it  did  for  hundred  of  years  before.  It  is  within  the 
memory  of  even  the  youngest  when  the  cobble  stone  was  thought 
to  be  the  perfection  of  city  road-ways  and  it  was  not  until  after  it 
was  demonstrated  that  the  roadways  could  be  better  paved,  that 
the  attention  of  inventors  and  capitalists  was  turned  to  the  side- 
walks themselves.  The  first  pavement  of  the  sidewalks  if  it  can  be 
so  called  was  a  wood  platform  and  when  that  was  superseded  by 
brick  it  was  thought  that  perfection  had  been  reached.  When 
natural  stone  was  after  a  while  substituted  for  brick  pavements  for 
sidewalks,  it  was  declared  impossible  to  go  any  farther.  But  the 
expense,  the  trouble  and  the  delay  in  placing  the  natural  stone, 
with  very  often  not  very  satisfactory  results  put  the  wits  of  the  in- 
ventors to  work,  and  artificial  stone  appeared.  There  are  numerous 
compositions  and  many  possess  excellent  qualities  but  the  expense 
attendant  upon  theiruse  is  toogreat  to  allow  the  general  adoption  of 
some  of  them. 

Mr.  W.  H.  Jenkins,  head  of  the  Portland  Paving  Company, 
has  invented  an  artificial  stone  which  combines  durability  with  the 
advantage  that  it  can  be  placed  at  comparatively  small  outlay.  It 
is  called  "  Metalithic  "  and  derives  its  name  from  the  use  of  an 
iron  chain  introduced  into  the  blocks  of  granite  and  cement  com- 
pound as  a  binder.  It  is  extensively  used  not  only  for  paving  but 
for  varying  building  purposes,  curbings.  etc.  Any  design  or  color 
can  be  obtained.  Its  tensile  strength  which  is  very  great  is  largely 
in  favor  for  such  uses,  it  being  guaranteed  at  150  tons  per  cubic 
foot.  Science  coupled  with  indefatigable  energy  has  brought  this 
material  to  such  perfection  that  it  is  now  very  largely  used  in  the 
construction  of  buildings,  especially  those  designed  to  be  fire-proof. 
It  is  here  used  in  a  manner  which  once  would  been  deemed  impos- 
sible, as  for  sills,  lintels,  steps,  floors,  for  which  it  used  to  be  sup- 
posed there  was  no  other  rroper  material  than  wood.  The  busi- 
ness of  the  firm  in  Philadelphia  is  very  extensive  and  in  the  matter 
of  paving  alone  they  are  doing  as  much  as  any  other  house  in  the 
city.  It  is  now  fulfilling  contracts  for  a  number  of  the  new  build- 
ings being  erected  throughout  the  city. 


WARNER  H.  JENKINS 

Warner  Haddon  Jenkins  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  February 
27,  1S64.  He  is  of  English  descent,  his  ancestors  bemg  of  good  old 
Ouaker  stock  and  remarkable  for  their  longevity.  His  paternal 
grandmother  was  Patience  Jenkins,  a  well-known  Ouaker  preacher 
of  her  time.  His  father,  Colonel  Samuel  Howell  Jenkins,  was 
among  the  first  to  offer  his  services  to  the  Government  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  war  of  the  rebellion.  Mr.  Jenkins  was  educated  at  the 
Friends'  Select  School  at  Fifteenth  and  Race  streets,  where  he 
studied  for  three  years  and  afterwards  acquired  business  methods 
and  stenography  at  Laudcrback's  Academy.  He  subsequently  en- 
tered the  senior  class  of  the  Newton  Grammar  School,  and  theu 
was  admitted  to  the  preparatory  class  of  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania, and  he  finished  his  education  by  a  private  course  of 
mathematics  and  the  sciences  under  the  tuition  of  Professor  Yerger. 

While  still  a  young  man,  Mr.  Jenkins  became  a  clerk  in  the 
office  of  the  Cambria  Iron  Company  and  he  retired  a  year  later 
on  account  of  sickness.  He  then  studied  practical  surveying  and 
was  appointed  a  solicitor  of  contracts  for  the  Columbia  Paving 
Company.  Eventually  he  entered  into  a  partnership  with  Mr. 
George  W.  Bush  for  the  manufacture  of  artificial  stone,  under  the 
name  of  the  Portland  Paving  Company.  The  partnership  con- 
tinued until  1S86,  when  a  stock  company  was  formed  under  the 
same  title,  both  partners  taking  a  large  interest  in  the  concern,  and 
Mr.  Jenkins  acting  as  Superintending  Engineer  and  general  manager. 
The  business  of  the  Portland  Paving  Company  has  now  become 
very  extensive,  and  its  only  rival  in  this  city  is  the  Vulcanite  Pav- 
ing Company.  Mr.  Jenkins  is  a  competent  hydraulic  engineer  and 
he  is  considered  an  authority  in  all  matters  relating  to  patent  paving, 
cements,  etc. 

But  it  is  to  the  invention  of  "  Metalithic"  that  Mr.  Jenkins  owes 
his  fame  and  a  good  part  of  his  fortune.  To  push  this  great  and 
useful  discovery  Mr.  Jenkins  has  entered  into  partnership  with 
H.  Victor  Gause',  with  offices  in  the  Drcxel  Building.  "Metalithic" 
is  now  being  introduced  throughout  the  United  States,  and  it  is 
certainly  one  of  the  most  important  discoveries  in  the  building 
trade.  Mr.  Jenkins  is  also  Consulting  Engineer  of  the  Empire 
Paving  Company  of  New  York.  He  married  011  May  2S,  iSSj, 
Miss  Mary  Lewis  Rowland,  and  he  has  two  sons  and  a  daughter. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


VULCANITE  PAVING  COMPANY 

The  business  of  this  company  was  established  in  the  Citv  of 
Philadelphia  in  1S71.  The  very  general  use  of  vulcanite  and  patent 
granolithic  pavement  in  place  of  brick  and  stone  has  not  onlv  been 
a  matter  of  great  economy,  but  a  feature  of  comfort  and  beautv 
wherever  used,  rendering  any  special  description  of  the  article 
unnecessary.  It  is  cheaper  than  stone,  quite  as  durable,  and  laid  to 
fit  any  form  or  space.  For  sidewalks  and  roadwavs  many  miles  are 
in  use  in  Philadelphia,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  uneven,  un- 
sightly brick  walks  will  continue  to  give  wav  to  this  material.  As 
a  flooring  for  cellars,  hotel  and  office  buildings  it  has  no  equal. 
Besides  the  miles  of  streets  and  sidewalks  laid  by  this  company,  the 
company  refer  to  the  following  buildings  in  which  their  granolithic 
flooring  and  sidewalks  arc  laid  :  The  Public  Buildings,  the  Drexel 
Building,  Post  Office,  Giraid  Life  Insurance  Building,  Broad  Street 
Station  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Depot, 
County  Prison,  Baldwin  Locomotive  Works,  and  many  others. 
The  extent  of  the  business  is  very  largely  increasing,  and  amounts 
now  to  about  SSco, 000  yearly, 
giving  employment  to  about 
five  hundred  men.  It  can  be 
laid  in  any  design  or  color. 
The  paving  of  wet  and  damp 
cellars  and  side  yards  is  a  spe- 
cialty. The  company  are  the 
sole  agents  for  the  P.  &  B. 
patent  ideal  roofing,  P.  &.  B. 
paints  and  sheathing  paper, 
and  other  kinds  of  roofing, 
and  sole  manufacturers  of  iron 
slag  blocks.  The  company 
was  incorporated  in  1S71.  Dr. 
L.  S.  Filbert  is  President,  and 
D.  S.  Fisher, Treasurer.  Offices, 
1502  Green   street. 


FRED.  AUG.  GENTH,  Jr. 

Late  Assistant  Professor  of 
Chemistry  in  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania,  was  born  in 
Philadelphia  February  1  2,  1855. 
He  is  descended  from  a  family 
of  considerable  renown  in 
Europe,  related  in  its  collateral 
branches  with  such  distin- 
guished chemists  as  Profs. 
Leibig,  Bunsen,  and  others, 
and  is  the  son  of  Frederick  A. 
Genth,  who  was  assistant  to 
Prof.  Bunsen  in  the  University 
at  Marburg,  Germany,  and  for 
many  years  Professor  "of  Chem- 
istry and  Mineralogy  in  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania. 

Prof.  Genth  received  his 
preliminary  education   in  pri- 


Dr.  L.  S.  Filbert 


•ate  schools,  principally  at  the  West  Penn  Square  Academy,  and  at 
the  age  of  seventeen  entered  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  from 
which  he  was  graduated  in  1876  with  the  degree  of  B.'  S.  He  then 
took  a  post  graduate  course  of  two  years  in  chemistry,  receiving  the 
degree  of  Master  of  Sciences.  While  he  was  vet  a  student,  anil  for 
some  time  afterward,  he  assisted  in  the  chemical  department  of  the 
Second  Geological  Survey  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  and  some 
of  the  valuable  work  he  did  is  recorded  in  its  reports,  especially  in 
C.  6,  of  Hall  and  Geuth's  reports.  In  1SS1  he  became  connected 
with  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  as  instructor  in  Analytical 
Chemistry,  and  two  years  later"  was  appointed  Assistant  Professor  of 
Chemistry  in  that  institution,  a  position  that  he  held  until  1SS9. 
He  then  withdrew  to  devote  his  attention  more  especially  to  busi- 
ness pursuits. 

In  1S90,  in  association  with  George  W.  Hancock,  ex-City 
Treasurer  Bell,  Henry  Z.  Ziegler,  and  others,  he  established  the 
West  Philadelphia  Title  and  Trust  Company,  of  which  he  is  now 
a  director.  Professor  Genth  has  made  important  contributions  to 
scientific  literature,  and  is  a  member  of  several  learned  societies, 
including  the  American  Philosophical  Society  of  Philadelphia, 
and  the  Chemical  Societies  of  Berlin  and  Paris,  in  which  mem- 
bership cannot  be  obtained  without  giving  satisfactory  evidence  of 
possessing  scientific  attainments. 


WILLIAM  &  HARVEY  ROWLAND 

Manufacturers  of  carriage  and  wagon  springs,  steel,  Norway 
shapes,  etc.  This  firm  commenced  business  in  the  vear  1835,  and 
was  composed  of  four  brothers,  Thomas,  Benjamin",  William  and 
Harvey,  descendants  of  John  Rowland  a  sturdy  yeoman  who  in  the 
year  16S2,  came  from  Sussex  County,  England^  to  this  country  with 
a  number  of  his  friends  and  neighbors  to  find  a  home  in  the  new 
colony  established  by  William  Penn.  After  carrying  on  the  manu- 
facture of  saws  exclusively  for  several  years,  they  added  in  1S42 
the  manufacture  of  carriage  and  wagon  springs  to  their  business. 
After  experiencing  great  difficulty  in  obtaining  from  either  abroad 
or  at  home  steel  suitable  for  their  requirements  thev  decided  in 
1S45  to  make  it  themselves,  and  thus  have  under  their' own  control 
and  supervision  all  the  materials  that  entered  into  the  manufacture 
of  their  goods.  This  addition  to  their  business  required  a  large  out- 
lay of  money  for  buildings,  machinery,  furnaces,  etc.,  but  the  wis- 
dom of  this  move  was  demonstrated  by  their  ability  with  their  im- 
proved facilities  to  produce  better  goods  than  had'heretofore  been 
made  in  this  country,  and  thev 
gained  a  reputation  which  thev 
have  ever  since  carefully 
guarded  and  maintained.  The 
business  was  continued  by  the 
founders  until  1861,  whea  the 
senior  partners,  Thomas  and 
Benjamin,  retired,  and  William 
and  Harvey  continued  until 
December  iS,  1S72,  when  Wil- 
liam died  after  a  short  illness  ; 
the  business  was  then  carried 
on  by  Harvey,  his  sons  Wil- 
liam, Frank  S.,  and  Edward 
and  Charles,  sons  of  William, 
the  late  senior  partner,  until 
January  2S,  iSSS,  when  Harvey 
died,  since  which  time  the 
business  has  been  conducted 
by  Edward  and  Charles  Row- 
land under  the  original  finn 
name  of  William  &  Harvev 
Rowland.  From  a  small  estab- 
lishment with  a  local  trade  it 
has  grown  to  be  one  of  the 
largest  of  its  kind,  with  trade 
in  every  State  in  the  Union, 
Canada,  South  and  Central 
America. 


FRANCIS   PEROT'S   SONS 
MALTING  COMPANY 

The  above-named  com- 
pany is  the  oldest  business 
house  in  the  United  States.  It 
was  established  in  16S7  and  in- 
corporated in  1SS7.  Mr.  T. 
Morris  Perot  is  President,  Ed- 
ward H.  Ogden.  Vice-President,  Elliston  Perot.  Secretary,  and  Mr. 
Theodore  F.  Miller,  Treasurer.  Mr.  T.  Morris  Perot,  is  the  first 
Vice-President  of  the  Board  of  Trade,  President  of  the  Women's 
Medical  College,  President  of  the  Mercantile  Library  Company, 
Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  College  of  Pharmacy,  Director 
of  the  United  Security  Trust  Company  and  other  financial  organiza- 
tions. Anthony  Morris  came  to  this  country  in  16S2  in  the  ship 
"Welcome"  with  William  Penn,  and  was  present  at  the  signing  of 
the  treaty  with  the  Indians.  He  first  went  to  Burlington,  N.  J.,  14 
miles  up  the  Delaware  River  from  Philadelphia.  He  remained 
there  until  1686,  when  he  returned,  and  in  16S7  he  purchased  a  lot 
on  the  east  side  of  Front  street  below  Walnut  facing  the  river  and 
erected  thereon  a  brewery.  Mr.  T.  Morris  Perot,  of  the  present 
firm,  represents  the  seventh  generation  in  direct  line  of  descent, 
and  Mr.  Elliston  Perot  represents  the  eighth  generation.  We  do 
not  believe  there  is  another  house  in  existence  in  the  United  States 
that  can  present  a  continuous  unbroken  line  of  descent  of  over 
two  hundred  years.  It  is  a  record  that  the  surviving  members  of 
the  family  can  feel  justly  proud  of.  The  malt  offices  are  located 
at  3 10  to  322  Vine  street,  319  New  street  in  this  city,  and  at  Oswego, 
N.  V.  The  firm  has  always  maintained  the  highest  standard  of 
business  probity  and  commercial  honor  and  ranks  as  one  of  the 
leading  firms  in  its  line  in  the  United  States. 


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PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA NS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THOMAS,  ROBERTS,  STEVENSON  COMPANY 

Was  established  ill  1865,  and  incorporated  in  18S7.  Walter  S. 
Stevenson,  president;  Lewis  E.  Roberts,  vice-president  ;  David  H. 
Thomas,  secretary  ;  Jonas  Snyder,  treasurer  ;  Levi  H.  Clymer,  sup- 
erintendent. 

The  foundries  are  located  in  the  southern  part  of  the  city,  cov- 
ering an  entire  block  bounded  by  Second,  Mifflin  and  McKean 
streets,  and  Moyamensing  avenue,  and  covering  a  plot  of  ground 
400  feet  by  490  feet,  about  six  acres.  The  number  of  employees  is 
something  over  two  hundred,  distributed  in  the  various  departments 
of  the  works,  which  comprise  the  moulding,  cleaning,  finishing, 
patterns,  shipping  and  storage,  and  the  clerical  departments. 

The  annual  output  consists  of  about  thirty  thousand  ranges, 
stoves  and  furnaces,  which  are  distributed  throughout  all  parts  of 
the  United  States,  and  a  number  are  exported ;  have  had  recent 
orders  from  different  parts  of  South  America  and  Japan,  also  from 
Norway,  Sweden,  and  other  parts  of  Europe. 

In  addition  to  the  foundry  plant,  the  Company  occupies  the 
fine  five  story  store  and  warehouse  at  250  Water  street,   New  York 


Its  operations  being  automatic,  there  is  no  machinery,  no  labor, 
no  experience  required.  The  wonderful  results  are  obtained  sim- 
ply by  an  act  of  nature,  that  is,  by  admitting  in  a  proper  form  into 
the  oven  a  constant  supply  of  fresh  air.  The  same  advantage  is 
derived  in  baking  bread  and  pastry  as  in  roasting  meats. 

The  "Gauze  Door  Ranges"  embody  in  all  their  parts  the  latest 
manner  of  constructing  a  range — improved  fire-box,  improved  grate, 
improved  water-back — everything  that  science  and  genius  have  sug- 
gested, has  been  adopted  in  the  construction  of  these  appliances, 
and  they  are  guaranteed  in  every  respect  to  be  first-class.  The 
great  feature,  and  one  that  has  been  greeted  by  the  building  trade 
as  a  welcome  innovation,  is  that  these  ranges  can,  if  desired,  be  set 
in  place  in  the  house  without  brickwork,  saving  expense  and  econ- 
omizing room  in  the  kitchen,  and  also  allowing  repairs  or  renewals 
without  disturbing  any  of  the  brickwork  of  the  house. 

The  "Active  Fortune  Ranges"  with  "Hayes'  Patent  Hori- 
zontal Circulating  Boiler"  are  manufactured  only  by  this  Com- 
pany. They  were  placed  upon  the  market  about  four  years  ago, 
and  sprang  at  once  into  popularity  ;  they  seemed  to  meet  the 
demand  exactly,  especially  in  large  building  operations.     In  Phil- 


Thomas,  Roberts,  Stevenson  Company's  Stove  Works 


City,  which  is  equipped  with  a  thoroughly  efficient  corps  for  the 
transaction  of  their  business  in  all  its  departments. 

The  goods  manufactured  by  this  company  areof  manv  hundred 
different  patterns,  necessitating  the  use  of  300  pages  of  descriptive 
catalogue.  Their  manufactures  are  suitable  for  use  in  all  parts  of 
the  world,  being  arranged  to  burn  the  different  kinds  of  fuel  that 
are  found  in  the  different  sections. 

In  speaking  of  the  manufactures  our  attention  was  speciallv 
attracted  by  the  "Active  Fortune"  series  of  ranges  with  "Haves 
Patent  Horizontal  Circulating  Boiler,"  and  then  by  the  "Gauze 
Door"  stoves  and  ranges  made  under  the  "Giles  F.  Filley  Patent." 
In  referring  to  these  two  specialties  made  in  large  quantities  bv  this 
Company,  which  have  revolutionized  the  stove  manufacturing 
industry  of  the  present  time,  we  think  it  our  duty  to  give  to  the 
public  a  few  of  the  points  claimed  by  the  manufacturers. 

They  claim  that  in  manufacturing  the  "Gauze  Door"  stoves 
and  ranges,  they  have  removed  a  great  oversight  of  other  manufactur- 
ers by  heating  the  oven  in  such  manneras  to  preserveall  the  juices  or- 
iginally contained  in  the  articles  to  be  cooked.  The  false  theorv  that 
the  oven  must  be  air-tight  to  roast  or  bake,  has  at  last  been  thor- 
oughly exploded.  The  loss  of  weight  in  meats  in  the  "Gauze  Door 
Range"  is  about  seven  per  cent.,  whereas,  in  an  old  fashioned  or 
closed  oven  door  range,  it  is  forty  per  cent.  It  is  the  greatest  dis- 
covery of  the  age  in  the  culinarv  art. 


adelphia  and  New  York  there  are  many  thousands  in  daily  use. 
The  building  community  has  recognized  the  "Active  Fortune 
Range"  as  filling  a  want,  owing  to  their  simplicity,  durability  and 
superiority. 

The  great  feature  of  the  "Active  Fortune  Range"  is  the  "Haves' 
Patent  Horizontal  Circulating  Boiler,"  which  secures  a  quick  sup- 
ply of  boiling  water  and  will  furnish  a  much  larger  quantity  of 
water  at  a  temperature  suitable  for  bathing  than  can  be  obtained 
from  the  ordinary  upright  circulating  boiler. 

The  convenient  manner  of  locating  these  boilers,  and  the  lack 
of  expensive  plumbing,  and  the  ease  with  which  they  can  be 
repaired,  has  caused  their  almost  universal  use  by  builders  and  archi- 
tects. One  other  great  and  important  feature  is  that  the  "Active 
Fortune  Ranges"  require  no  brickwork  to  set  them.  The  economy 
of  fuel  is  remarkable.  The  conveniences  embraced  are  recognized 
and  appreciated  by  all  observers. 

Those  who  buy  and  invest  in  houses  have  been  especially 
attracted  by  the  absence  of  expensive  repairs. 

The  manufacturers  in  addition  state  that  the  sales  are  increasing 
daily.  These  ranges  are  to  be  seen  on  exhibition  at  the  Builders' 
Exchange,  18  to  24  South  Seventh  street,  Philadelphia  ;  The  Build- 
ing Materials  Halls,  276  to  282  Washington  street,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.; 
Institute  of  Building  Arts,  63  and  65  Washington  street,  Chicago, 
111.;  and  are  for  sale  by  dealers  everywhere. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


GEO.  CAMPBELL  &  CO. 

The  largest  mills  in  Pennsylvania  devoted  to  worsted  yarn 
manufacture  are  those  of  George  Campbell  &  Co.  They  are  known 
as  The  Continental  Worsted  Mills  and  are  situated  on  Washington 
avenue  and  Twenty-first  street.  Alter  and  Ellsworth  streets.  The 
house  was  established  in  1S60,  by  Messrs.  Campbell  &  Pollock.  In 
[S8o,  this  firm  was  succeeded  by  George  Campbell  &  Co..  and  that 
is  the  title  of  the  business  to-day.  The  personnel  of  the  present  rirm 
being  George  Campbell.  J.  D.  Blackwood.  A.  R.  Elsasser.  and  J. 
\V.  Albizitti.  The  members  of  the  firm  have  been  identified  with 
the  business  since  its  conception,  and  they  i'eel  justly  proud  of  the 
success  that  thev  have  attained,  believing  it  to  be  largely  the  result 
■  ■{  their  personal  and  individual  energies,  aided  of  course  by- 
skilled  workmen  and  the  most  advanced  inventions  in  machinery. 


put  of  the  mills  goes  to  all  parts  of  the  United  States,  for  the  yarns 
produced  arc  recognized  everywhere  of  superior  standing,  goods 
unsurpassed  for  quality,  finish,  and  general  excellence.  Philadel- 
phia is  justly  proud  of  its  numerous  and  extensive  manufactories, 
among  which  the  Continental  Mills  are  among  the  foremost.  It  is 
a  thoroughly  Philadelphia  concern,  all  those  interested  being 
citizens  of  Philadelphia.  Mr.  George  Campbell,  the  head  of  the 
house,  is  Chairman  of  the  Pennsylvania  Woolen  Companv.  He 
with  his  partners  has  always  shown  deep  interest  in  whatever  ap- 
pertains to  our  local  and  national  prosperity.  In  business  circles 
Mr.  Campbell  has  a  most  enviable  reputation. 

Much  of  the  output  of  the  house  goes  to  Europe  where  there 
are  large  sales  and  the  cablegrams  from  European  customers  are 
addressed  "Campbell,  Philadelphia.  U.  5." 

The   quality  of  the  yarns  of  this  rirm   has  proved  during  the 


Ml 


Vl  1   '(    h     y' 


George  Campbell  &  Company's  Works 


With  close  application  and  diligent  study  as  to  the  best  methods  ot 
manufacturing  worsted  yarns,  experience  lias  taught  them  that  in 
the  diversified  classes  of  goods  into  which  worsted  yarns  enter  thev 
require  the  employment  of  both  the  French  and  Bradford  sys- 
tems. Consequently  the  fitting  up  of  the  establishment  with  the 
very  finest  and  latest  improved  machinery  has  been  expensive  to  a 
large  degree,  but  it  was  immediately  evident  that  the  moneys  was 
well  expended,  the  instant  increase  in  business  proving  that  fact 
bevoud  a  doubt.  The  plant  contains  dvc  sets  of  Bradford  ma- 
chinery and  the  same  number  of  French  machinery  as  well  as 
numerous  other  machines  of  American  manufacture.  All  the  firm 
are  members  of  the  Manufacturers'  Club  winch  clearly  indicates  their 
devotion  to  American  interests.  The  mills  as  they  now  stand  have 
a  frontage  on  Washington  avenue  of  140  feet,  a  depth  of  430  feet  ex- 
tending back  to  Ellsworth  street.  The  extensive  machinery  is 
driven  by  two  Corliss  engines  of  500  horse  power  each,  with  a 
battery  of  eight  boilers.  Over  700  operators  are  employed,  the 
work  ->eople  being  drawn  from  the  most  skilled  in  their  trade. 
Three  to  four  million  pounds  of  wool   ire  used  annually.     The  out- 


last~quartcr  of  a  century  the  energyiand  resources  oi  their  manu- 
factory, and  that  goods  produced  by  this  house  are  produced  equal 
to  any  imported.  This  is  a  fact  which  the  trade  has  not  been  slow 
to  recognize  finding  that  purchasers  fully  agree  with  them  that  it  is 
foolish,  expensive,  and  a  waste  of  time  to  send  abroad  for  worsteds. 
There  is  the  largest  possible  variety  in  these  yarns,  every  new  shade 
is  quickly  introduced  and  dealers  will  find  that  at  these  mills  they 
can  satisfy  the  most  delicate  and  peculiar  tastes  of  their  customers. 
Ladies  now-a-davs  are  using  more  ami  more  of  these  domestic 
worsted  yarns  in  the  preparation  of  the  various  beautiful  articles  of 
which  thev  are  so  fond,  and  with  yarns  tor  this  purpose  The 
Continental  Worsted  Mills  are  always  supplied.  By  the  applica- 
tion of  all  most  improved  systems  in  this  manufacture  it  is  impos- 
sible that  the  firm  can  fail  to  meet  any  demand  as  to  quality, 
-hade,  or  quantity.  The  operations  of  the  mills  are  so  carefully 
and  systematically  conducted  that  with  its  lar,'e  quantity  of  im- 
proved machinery  and  its  large  force  of  operators,  there  is  no  delay- 
in  the  filling  of  orders.  It  has  only  to  point  to  its  past  record  to 
give  full  assurance  of  what  thev  can  do  in  the  future. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


JOHN  WYETH  &  BROTHER 


The  laboratories  of  Messrs.  John  Wyeth  &  Brother,  Eleventh 
street  and  Washington  avenue,  are  among  the  most  noteworthy-  of 
our  manufacturing  interests  in  the  southeastern  section  of  the  city. 
Their  name  and  the  products  of  their  establishment  are  as  well 
known  in  the  principal  cities  and  towns  of  Europe,  South  America, 
Australia,  East  and  West  Indies,  China  and  Japan,  as  to  every 
medical  man  and  drug  house  in  the  United  States. 

In  the  spring  of  1889  their  entire  plant  on  Walnut  street  above 
Broad  was  destroyed  by  fire,  involving  the  loss  of  over  half  a  million 
of  dollars.  They  at  once  leased  extensive  quarters,  and  almost 
immediately  were  able  to  supply  a  number  of  their  most  important 
preparations.     Fortunately,  all  the  prominent  wholesale   druggists 


most  potent  and  nauseous  remedies.  With  this  house  is  identi- 
fied more  closely  than  with  any  other  the  inauguration  of  what 
is  aptly  termed  "Elegant  Pharmacy;"  and  the  bringing  to  the 
notice  of  the  profession  the  new  remedies  which  have  recently 
nearly  revolutionized  the  practice  of  medicine,  they  originating 
many  important  combinations,  which  are  now  being  largelv  used 
throughout  the  world. 

The  products  of  this  house  are  exclusively  of  legitimate  and 
standard  medicinal  preparations,  their  several  departments,  all 
separate  and  distinct,  comprise  the  manufacture  of  fluid  extracts, 
medicinal  elixirs,  wines,  syrups,  etc.;  pepsin,  pancreatin  and  food 
products,  extract  of  malt. 

One  of  the  most  important  branches  of  their  business  is  the 
manufacture  of  compressed  tablets,  pills,  lozenges,  etc.,  and  the 


John  Wyeth  & 

throughout  the  country  had  large  supplies  oi  their  products  from 
which  they  could  draw  to  meet  pressing  demands,  so  that  their 
business  was  thus  carried  on  with  but  slight  interruption  and  little 
intermission. 

As  soon  as  practicable  they  purchased  their  present  site,  and, 
after  extensive  alterations,  in  the  following  December  occupied  one 
of  the  most  complete,  substantial  and  perfectly  appointed  establish- 
ments in  the  world,  replete  with  every  convenience  and  mechanical 
appliances  to  facilitate  their  operations. 

Our  representation  of  the  buildings  hardly  conveys  an  accurate 
idea  of  the  magnitude  of  this  plant,  having  350,000  feet  of  floor 
space  in  actual  use.  The  firm  employs  over  four  hundred  hands, 
about  three  hundred  females  and  one  hundred  males. 

Their  preparations  are  recognized  and  endorsed  by  the  medical 
profession  in  all  civilized  countries,  as  well  as  bv  almost  all  State 
and  National  Pharmaceutical  Associations,  and  to  them  is  largely 
due  the   introduction  of  the   present   mode  of  administering  our 


Brother's  Works 

phenomenal  favor  with  which  they  have  been  received  is  the  best 
evidence  of  their  value,  the  output  of  these  averaging  over  r, 000, 000 
tablets  per  day. 

The  machinery  employed  in  this  industry  is  of  their  own  in- 
vention and  construction.  It  rivals,  if  not  surpasses,  in  delicacy, 
finish  and  minute  accuracy,  that  designed  and  used  in  the  United 
States  Mint.  Much  prominence  has  lately  been  given  to  these 
tablets  through  Henry  M.  Stanley,  the  African  explorer,  whose 
entire  medical  outfit  was  composed  of  them.  They  are  also  very 
largely  employed  by  the  United  States  Army  and  Navy  Medical 
Department;  in  fact,  they  have  almost  superseded  every  other  form 
of  manufactured  pills. 

It  is  rarely  a  house  makes  such  rapid  strides  in  popular  favor 
and  wins  the  reputation  that  has  attended  their  efforts  ;  established 
in  1S61,  in  1S91 — just  thirty  years  of  a  business  career — it  stands  in 
the  lead  of  our  manufacturing  chemists,  its  growth  and  magnitude 
one  of  the  marvels  of  our  city. 


163 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHLLADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


A.  G.  ELLIOT  &  CO. 

The  vast  productive  facilities  of  Philadelphia  in  the  paper  indus- 
try, have  been  frequently  presented.  Reviews,  statistics  and  accu- 
rate data  in  this  branch  of  manufacture  have  been  carefully  com- 
piled, and  given  from  time  to  time,  and  the  extent  and  vast  variety 
of  output  fully  covered.  It  is  to  her  great  capacities  as  a  most 
important  centre  for  receipt  and  distribution,  that  we  would  now 
direct  the  attention  of  our  readers.  The  strength  of  her  position 
has  always  been  acknowledged,  though  her  claims  have  been  gen- 
erally made  in  so  unpretentious  a  manner  as  to  incite  rival  cities 
to  deny  the  immensity  of  her  paper  interests. 

Standing  pre-eminent  among  our  largest,  oldest  and  most 
enterprising  dealers,  the  house  of  A.  G.  Elliot  &  Co.  will  afford  the 
reader  one  of  the  best  arguments  that  we  can  offer. 

Mr.  Elliot,  head  of  the  present  firm,  and  whose  portrait  we  pre- 
sent, made  his  first  start  in  the  paper  industry  in   1863.      Previous 


&  Co.  Cpon  the  notification  of  J.  G.  Ditmau  to  the  trade  of  his 
intention  to  sell,  A.  G.  Elliot  &  Co.  promptly  became  the  pur- 
chasers, and  thus  added  largely  to  their  leading  position  among  the 
dealers  of  this  city.  The  energy  and  capacity  evinced  by  the  heads 
of  this  house  is  broad  and  manifest  in  every  department  of  their 
large  establishment.  In  the  recent  destructive  lire  in  their  ware- 
house, they,  inside  of  an  hour,  secured  another  building  and  open- 
ing their  mail  were  ready  for  business. 

By  the  prompt  addition  to  their  stock  of  every  possible  grade 
and  line  of  products  from  the  best  manufacturers  in  the  country, 
they  have  become  recognized  as  a  central  point  of  supplies  for 
printers,  publishers,  lithographers  and  manufacturing  stationers  in 
America.  They  are  manufacturers,  importers  and  jobbers,  and  are 
agents  for  every  leading  mill  throughout  the  country.  In  the  man- 
ufacture and  sale  of  vegetable  parchment  paper  they  fill  a  leading 
position  in  the  trade. 

In  the  bids  for  United  States,  state  and  city  government  con- 


A.  G.  Elliot 


J.  B.  Mitchell 


to  the  war.  Mr.  Elliot  had  engaged  in  the  banking  business,  leaving 
it  to  enter  the  army.  On  leaving  the  army  lie  entered  the  paper 
house  of  Theo.  Megargee  &  Co.,  and  before  the  end  of  the  first 
vear,  bv  a  diligent  application  to  the  business,  he  had  so  far  mas- 
tered its  details  as  to  be  admitted  to  a  partnership  in  the  then  reor- 
ganizing firm.  In  1S69,  a  dissolution  took  place.  Mr.  Elliot  immed- 
iately establishing  himself  at  525  .Minor  street,  anil  512  and  514 
North  Front  street.  His  commencement  was  modest,  but  by  con- 
stant accessions  of  new  facilities  to  supply  a  demand  then  rapidly 
increasing,  and  with  vigorous  enterprise,  his  trade  rapidly  assumed 
such  proportions,  that  three  years  after,  in  1N72,  he  was  compelled 
to  remove  to  26  South  Seventh  street,  where  he  continued  until 
1S79.  Another  enlargement  now  became  necessary,  and  the  large 
building,  200  feet  deep,  at  727  Chestnut  street,  was  the  site  selected. 
A  remarkable  fact  with  reference  to  the  history  of  this  house  is  the 
steady  manner  of  its  growth  and  uninterrupted  expansion  from  its 
foundation  until  the  present.  In  1SS3,  Joseph  B.  Mitchell,  a  pop- 
ular and  able  salesman  wdio  had  been  associated  with  the  business 
since  i.s6q,  and  brother-in-law  of  A.  G.  Elliot,  was  admitted  to 
partnership,  ami  the  firm  assumed  the  style  of  to-day,  A.  G.  Elliot 


tracts  for  supplies,  no  inconsiderable  quantity  is  awarded  them. 
Their  large  five-story  andbasement  building,  previously  mentioned, 
50x100  feet,  with  annex  30x50  feet,  is  stored  from  cellar  to  roof  with 
paper  of  the  greatest  variety,  warehouses  on  the  wharf  containing 
the  chemicals  and  paper  stock.  Their  export  trade  is  also  a  large 
factor.  As  all  transactions  are  under  the  direct  control  or  personal 
supervision  of  Mr.  Elliot,  or  Mr.  Mitchell,  advance  is  made  with 
but  little  perceptible  strain. 

Integrity,  the  making  of  haste  slowly,  the  thoughtful  plodding 
in  the  sure  path  of  mercantile  honor,  the  readiness  to  keep  pace 
with  every  fresh  demand  and  facility,  the  enterprise  in  pushing 
forth  to  fresh  fields  of  trade — these  arc  the  factors  in  the  successful 
career  of  A.  G.  Elliot  &  Co.  This  house  has  undoubtedly  assumed 
the  position  of  enduring  permanency,  and  with  its  present  and  con- 
stantly increasing  business  of  over  %  1  000,000  per  annum,  its  widely 
extended  list  of  regular  customers,  and  its  financial  solidity,  bids 
fair  to  continue  its  growth  and  influeuce  for  many  years  in  the  field 
of  supplies,  occupying  the  position  in  the  paper  industry  of  one  of 
the  largest  receiving  and  distributing  points  in  these  United  Slates, 
and  perhaps  in  the  world. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


ELI  KEEN'S  SONS 

Philadelphia  is  celebrated  for  its  hat  factories  and  the  excellent 
hats  thev  turn  out,  and  foremost  in  rank  in  this  great  industry  stands 
the  old  and  firmly  established  house  of  Eli  Keen's  Sons,  No.  62 
North  Second  street.  The  founder  of  this  solid  and  profitable  busi- 
ness was  Mr.  Eli  Keen,  who  was  born  in  Philadelphia  in  Decem- 
ber, 1S24,  his  parents  also  being  natives  of  the  Quaker  City.  Young 
Keen  began  his  experience  in  the  retail  hat  store  of  Robert  Maull, 
and  he  afterwards  served  his  full  apprenticeship  to  the  late  James 
Nickerson,  who  was  at  the  time  one  of  the  leading  hat  manufac- 
turers in  the  country.  Having  served  his  time,  Eli  Keen  entered 
the  employ  of  the  late  Charles  Oakford.  in  whose  establishment  he 
was  initiated  into  the  highest  class  of  hat  making,  and  he  became 
an  expert  salesman  as  well  as  a  most  proficient  manufacturer  of  the 
best  class  of  goods.     Mr.  Keen  was  industrious  and  of  frugal  habits. 


worn  in  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  were  supplied  by  the  firm,  as  the 
majority  of  the  contracts  was  awarded  them  by  the  government. 
The  local  trade  grew  very  rapidly,  and  the  business  also  extended 
to  the  South  and  West,  in  fact  to  all  parts  of  the  United  Slates. 
The  standard  quality  and  reliability  of  their  manufacture  being  the 
principal  factor  in  causing  their  rapid  and  continued  success.  In 
1872  Mr.  Adolph  retired  from  active  business,  but  he  continued  to 
be  one  of  Philadelphia's  best  known  and  most  esteemed  citizens. 
The  large  business  was  continued  by  Mr.  Eli  Keen,  who  assc  - 
ciated  with  him  in  the  business  his  three  sons,  Alfred,  who  died  in 
18S2,  Edwin  F.  and  Frank  A.  In  1S84  Mr.  Eli  Keen,  having  seen 
with  pride  the  rapid  growth  of  his  great  business,  which  he  had 
himself  founded  upon  such  a  modest  and  humble  foundation,  also 
retired  from  business  and  left  the  manufactory  in  the  hands  of  his 
two  surviving  sons  under  the  title  of  Eli  Keen's  Sons.  The  found- 
er of  the  industrv  went  into  retirement  with   a  handsome   fortune. 


Edwin   F.  Keen 

and  he  managed  in  a  few  years  to  accumulate  a  small  amount  of 
capital.  In  1S46  he  joined  forces  with  Alfred  W.  Adolph,  also  an 
experienced  hat  manufacturer.  The  two  young  merchants  began 
business  on  North  Second  street,  opposite  Christ  Church,  and 
underneath  the  old  Madison  Hotel.  The  new  firm  prospered  from 
the  start,  and  the  nucleus  of  a  fine  business  was  soon  arrived  at. 
After  a  few  years  the  demands  of  business  required  larger  premises, 
and  Adolph  &  Keen  went  across  the  road  and  took  a  larger  store  at 
No.  62  North  Second  street.  Fortune  continued  to  smile  on  the 
young  business  men  and  in  1861  they  built  the  present  large  and 
handsome  premises  with  factories  in  the  rear  extending  over  half  a 
block.  The  new  factory  was  considered  the  finest  in  the  countrv, 
and  it  became  a  show  place  for  business  men  visiting  Philadelphia. 
In  1S66  it  was  illustrated  in  Frank  Leslie's  New  York  illustrated 
paper  as  a  model  establishment  and  a  fine  specimen  of  a  great  in- 
dustry. 

The  business  of  the  firm  of  Adolph  &  Keen  now  increased  with 
marvelous  rapidity  and  large  contracts  were  taken.  Nearly  all  the  hats 


Frank  A.  Keen 

but  his  active  mind  could  not  remain  completely  idle  and  he  con- 
nected himself  with  several  of  the  most  solid  financial  establish- 
ments of  the  city,  He  was  unobstrusive  in  manners,  noted  for  his 
kindly  temper  and  strictly  honorable  in  all  his  transactions.  At 
the  time  of  his  death  he  was  a  director  of  the  Commonwealth  Na- 
tional Bank  and  he  was  interested  in  many  other  public  institutions 
both  financial,  literary  and  educational. 

In  the  meantime  the  two  sons  Edwin  F.  Keen  and  Frank  A. 
Keen  continued  to  conduct  the  great  business  which  their  father 
and  Mr.  Adolph  had  raised  up  by  their  peiseverance.  industrv  and 
integrity.  By  following  in  the  footsteps  of  the  founders,  the 
young  men  have  retained  most  of  the  old  trade,  and  they  are  con- 
tinually extending  their  territory  and  increasing  the  output.  They 
are  worthy  sons  of  a  worthy  father,  and  they  are  consolidating  and 
enlarging  the  great  monument  of  trade  which  has  been  erected  by- 
Mr.  Eli  Keen.  Are  members  of  various  public  organizations  and 
have  shown  an  active  interest  in  all  that  appertains  to  the  general 
welfare  of  the  city. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


WILLIAM  WARREN  GIBBS 

William  Warren  Gibbs,  who  is  now  one  of  the  most  prosperous 
business  men  in  Philadelphia  is  a  striking  example  of  a  self- 
made  man.  Commencing  his  business  career  as  a  helper  in  a  feed 
store,  he  has  bv  push  and  perseverance  arrived  at  a  position 
of  great  affluence,  and  has  made  for  himself  a  name  in  the 
commercial  world  which  will  be  handed  down  the  corridors  of 
time  as  an  example  to  the  rising  generation  of  the  rewards  and 
benefits  that  are  the  sure  accompaniments  of  hard  work  and  honest 
methods.  Mr.  Gibbs  was  born  in  the  village  of  Hope,  Warren 
countv,  N.  J.,  March  S,  1S46.  His  ancestors  were  among  the 
earliest  settlers  of  Rhode  Island,  and  his  mother,  Ellen  Vanatta 
was  a  sister  of  the  late  Hen.  Jacob  Vanatta,  one  of  the  leading 
lawvers  of  New  Jersey,  and  once  Attorney  General  of  that  State. 
Young  Gibbs  got  as  much  learning  as  he  could  in  the  public 
schools,  and  at  the  age  of  fourteen  he  began  life  as  a  "boy  helper" 
in  a  grain,  flour  and  feed  store,  at  Newark,  N.  J.  A  year  after  he 
secured  a  clerkship  in  a  general  country  store  in  his  native  village. 
At  the  expiration  of  two  years 
he  went  to  Hackettstown,  N. 
J.,  and  for  two  vears  he  was 
with  W.  L.  &  G.  W.  Johnson, 
and  then  with  Jacob  Welsh,  Jr. 
He  went  to  Hackettstown  at 
the  age  of  seventeen  and  at 
twenty-three  he  became  Mr. 
Welsh's  partner.  Two  years 
later  his  partner  died  and  the 
business  was  wound  up,  young 
Gibbs  going  out  into  the  world 
with  a  few  thousand  dollars, 
the  reward  of  hard  and  honest 
work. 

In  1S71,  Mr.  Gibbs  with 
three  others  started  a  retail 
drv-goods  business,  at  Eighth 
avenue  ami  3 7 1 1 1  sireet,  New- 
York,  under  the  name  of  Miles, 
Gillman  &  Co.  He  finally 
bought  li is  partners  out  and 
conducted  the  business  alone, 
but  it  was  too  slow  and  plod- 
ding for  his  temperament  and 
he  sold  out  in  two  years  with- 
out gaining  or  losing  anything. 
He  then  tried  the  wholesale 
grocery  business  at  No.  146 
Reade  street,  New  York,  with 
the  firm  of  Bauer,  Gibbs  & 
Co.;  but  the  venture  was  a 
failure,  and  in  1875  Mr.  Gibbs 
had  to  begin  all  over  again 
without  capital. 

Subsequently  he  became 
acquainted  with  Mr.  Ferdinand 
King,  an  inventor,  who  had  a 
patent  for  making  gas  from 
petroleum.    A  corporation  was 

formed  called  the  National  Petroleum  Gas  Company,  of  New 
York.  Mr.  Gibbs  was  made  president  of  the  new  company, 
and  he  was  the  controlling  spirit,  all  the  business  passing 
through  his  hands.  By  abilitv,  tenacity,  shrewdness  and  un- 
tiring energy  he  gradually  forced  the  company  forward  and  in 
seven  years  over  one  hundred  works  had  been  built  in  all  parts  of 
the  country. 

In  conjunction  with  Mr.  W.  G.  Warden  of  the  Standard  Oil 
Company,  Mr.  Gibbs,  in  1S82  succeeded  in  organizing  the  United 
Gas  Improvement  Company,  of  Philadelphia.  Mr.  Gibbs  was  Gen- 
eral Manager.  Mr.  Gibbs  is  largely  interested  in  other  enterprises. 
He  superintended  the  building  of  the  Pennsylvania,  Poughkeepsie 
and  Boston  Railroad  from  Slatington.  Pa.,  on  the  Lehigh  River  to 
Campbell  Hall.  N.  Y.,  where  connection  is  made  with  the  Pough- 
keepsie Bridge  system.  Mr.  Gibbs  is  also  a  director  of  the  Pough- 
keepsie Bridge.  In  1SS6  he  undertook  the  construction  of  the 
great  Poughkeepsie  Bridge. 

Mr.  Gibbs  married  in  October,  1S72,  Miss  Frances  A.Johnson, 
daughter  of  George  W.  Johnson,  one  of  his  earlier  employers. 
He  has  a  family  of  six  children,  four  daughters  and  two  sons,  and 
he  resides  in  a  handsome  residence  at  No.  12 16  North  Broad  street. 


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William  Warren  Gibbs 


TRYMBY,  HUNT  &  COMPANY 

Trymby,  Hunt  &  Company,  Manufacturers,  Importers,  and 
Decorators,  have  one  of  the  most  attractive  establishments  devoted 
to  these  purposes  in  the  city.  The  firm  consists  of  E.  D.  Trymby, 
W.  E.  Hunt,  and  L.  D.  Williamson.  The  ware-rooms,  offices  and 
sales-rooms,  1219  am!  1221  Market  street,  make  up  altogether  one  of 
the  handsomest  establishments  of  the  kind  in  Philadelphia.  The 
budding  is  seven  stories  in  height,  constructed  of  iron  to  the  second 
floor,  and  the  five  additional  stories  are  of  pressed  brick  with  brown- 
stone  trimmings.  The  rooms  from  the  basement  up  are  extraordi- 
narily large,  and  each  floor  is  adapted  to  the  display  of  special 
makes  of  furniture,  etc.  Their  chief  business  as  manufacturers, 
importers,  designers,  and  in- 
terior decorators,  is  in  furni- 
ture and  curtains,  upholstery, 
wood  mantels,  art  novelties, 
and  interior  wood-work.  One 
of  the  most  important  features 
are  the  beautiful  side-tables, 
lamps,  stands  for  artistic  tea- 
kettles, etc.  The  firm  deals 
heavih  in  all  kinds  of  covered 
furniture, and  in  this  particular 
they  carry  the  largest  made-up 
stock  to  be  found  in  the  city. 
Every  article  is  fully  guaran- 
teed to  be  as  represented,  and 
in  proof  of  their  endeavors  the 
sales  have  constantly  grown 
until  those  of  the  present  \car 
are  greatly  in  excess  of  any 
previous  length  of  time  since 
the  firm  began  business.  The 
firm  have  their  own  designers, 
and  sketches  for  ordered  goods 
mav  be  examined  before  the 
contract  is  concluded. 

The    business    was   estab- 
.      In    1SS2   Mr.    W.    E.    Hunt 


lished  in  1S64  by  E.  D.  Trymb 
became  a  partner.  Employment  is  regularly  given  to  150  skilled 
hands.  The  large  factory  of  the  firm  is  located  at  Twelfth  and 
Hamilton  streets,  Philadelphia,  and  in  addition  to  their  original 
designs  there  worked  upon  they  have  special  agents  throughout 
Europe  to  send  them  sketches  of  the  latest  novelties  of  Paris, 
Berlin,  etc.  Nothing,  indeed,  in  the  way  of  art  furniture  can 
be  developed  in  Europe  of  which  this  firm  is  not  quickly  in- 
formed. Whenever  they  find  it  required,  workmen  skilled  in 
any  particular  branch  of  their  business  who  cannot  be  obtained 
in  this  country  are  at  once  sent  for  to  Europe.  The  increasing 
business  of  this  house  shows  the  steadily  increasing  taste  in  all 
that  goes  to  make  home  beautiful  among  the  people  of  the  United 
States.  A  handsome  carved  wood  mantel,  a  beautiful  lamp,  cannot 
be  bought  very  cheaply,  but  nevertheless  the  sales  of  these  articles 
and  articles  of  the  same  character  by  this  firm  are  enormous. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


JOHN  BOWER  &  COMPANY 

This  firm  was  established  in  1865,  consisting  of  John  Bower, 
Frank  Bower  and  Wm.  Enteruiann,  and  so  continued  until  1875, 
when  it  was  dissolved  by  the  death  of  Mr.  John  Bower,  and  the 
business  continued  by  his  executors  and  the  remaining  partners 
until  1888,  when  Mr.  \Vm.  Entermann  retired,  leaving  the  estate  of 
John  Bovver  (represented  by  Mrs.  John  Bower  aud  Chas.  H.  Bower), 
and  Frank  Bower  composing  the  present  firm.  This  establishment 
is  one  of  the  largest  and  most  complete  of  the  kind  in  Philadel- 
phia, it  covers  an  area  of  over  200  square  feet  and  bounded  by 
Twentv-fourth,  Brown  and  Ringgold  streets.  Their  retail  market 
is  one  of  the  finest  in  Philadelphia,  and  they  handle  only  fresh 
meats  of  their  own  killing  and  are  at  present  slaughtering  six  to 
eight  fine  cattle  weekly  iu  addition  to  about  400  hogs  per  week  the 
whole  year  through.  During  the  winter  of  1890  and  1S91  they 
have  made  verv  extensive  improvements  by  doing  away  with  the 
old  fashioned  ice  houses  and  putting  in  two  large  Ice  Machines, 
built  by  the  Buffalo  Refrigerating  Co.,  having  a  capacity  of  twenty 
tons  each  per  day.  With  this  complete  machinery  they  can 
cool  the  sixteen  cellars  in  addition  to  three  rooms  above  ground, 
having  a  temperature  of  34  degrees  to  36  degrees.  In  addition  to 
the  ice  machines  they  have  a  75  horse  power  Fitchburg  Engine 
which  runs  the  elevators,  saws  wood  for  smoke-houses  and  runs 
the  chopping  machines. 
The  sausage  department  is 
located  entirely  separate, 
having  a  cement  floor  and 
kettles  for  cooking  and 
smoke-houses,  and  is  one  of 
the  most  complete  in  Phil- 
adelphia. The  principal 
business  is  the  curing  and 
smoking  of  hams,  which  is 
very  extensive  and  the  rep- 
utation of  the  Bower  Hams 
being  second  to  none  in  the 
country.  The  establish- 
ment contains  seven  large 
smoke-houses  which  in 
summer  time  are  taxed  to 
their  utmost  in  turning  out 
the  smoked  hams.  The 
lard  made  by  this  firm  is 
strictly  pure  and  kettle- 
rendered  and  like  their 
hams  is  always  standard 
and  can  lie  relied  on. 


ness  that  in  the  year  1S90  its  sales  surpassed  in  amount  those  of  its 
more  ancient  competitors,  French,  Richards  &  Co. 

Since  the  consolidation  this  corporation  justlv  claims  to  be  the 
largest  distributer  to  the  retail  drug  trade  in  the  United  States. 
They  are  investing  capital  and  giving  attention  to  the  importation 
of  crude  drugs  in  quantity,  and  are  endeavoring  to  obtain  for  Phila- 
delphia its  just  share  in  the  distribution  of  drugs  in  original  pack- 
ages throughout  the  country.  The  enterprise  of  the  corporation  is 
evidenced  by  the  fact  that  they  have  established  large  mills,  com- 
plete with  all  modern  requirements  for  grinding  and  powdering 
crude  drugs  and  spices,  and  they  are,  therefore,  enabled  to  offer 
ground  and  powdered  goods  of  guaranteed  purity  at  the  lowest  mar- 
ket prices.  They  have  further  started  the  manufacture  of  perfumes 
of  a  high  grade  that  already  hold  a  recognized  position  in  the 
market.  Eskay's  handkerchief  extracts  are  becoming  a  familiar 
name  throughout  the  country.  Their  laboratory  has  been  greatly 
increased  to  meet  the  demand  made  upon  it  for  their  products,  and 
is  in  charge  of  competent  pharmacists  assisted  by  chemists  of  repute. 

The  history  of  the  corporation,  before  and  since  the  consolida- 
tion, is  identified  with  the  history  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  increase 
of  the  two  establishments  from  small  beginnings,  and  their  con- 
tinual growth,  is  well-known  to  most  of  the  older  inhabitants  of 
this  citv. 


SMITH,  KLINE 

&  FRENCH    COMPANY 


For    many    years    past 
the  manufacturing  chemists 

of  this  city  have  been  recognized  as  the  largest  in  the  country  and 
thev  confessedly  hold  this  advanced  position  to-day.  Philadelphia 
has  not,  however,  had  a  fair  share  in  the  distribution  of  their  prod- 
ucts. For  manv  years  the  well-known  firm  of  French,  Richards  Co., 
so  long  established  at  the  corner  of  Tenth  and  Market  streets,  was 
the  only  house  that  had  more  than  a  local  reputation.  Their  busi- 
ness extended  to  the  Pacific  coast  and  the  Gulf.  During  their  last 
years,  however,  they  had  a  strong,  enterprising,  and  aggressive 
rival  in  The  Smith  &  Kline  Company.  Although  the  business  of 
this  latter  house  was  more  confined  to  local  territory  than  that  of 
French,  Richards  &  Co.,  yet  during  the  last  year  or  two  the  aggre- 
gate of  their  sales  was  larger. 

In  1891  the  business  of  French,  Richards  &  Co.  was  wound  up, 
owing  to  the  death  of  its  chief  and  founder,  Clayton  French,  and 
the  two  houses  (French,  Richards  &  Co.  and  The  Smith  &  Kline 
Company)  were  consolidated  by  the  election  of  Harrv  B.  French — 
the  former  managing  partner  of  French,  Richards  &  Co. — to  the 
vice-presidency  of  The  Smith  S:  Kline  Company.  The  latter 
changed  its  title  to  "Smith,  Kline  &  French  Company." 

The  growth  of  The  Smith  &  Kline  Company  has  been  almost 
entirely  due  to  the  devotion  to  business  of  Mahlon  N.  Kline,  the 
general  manager  of  that  company  and  the  present  general  manager 
of  The  Smith,  Kline  &  French  Company.  Entering  into  the  con- 
cern as  one  of  the  chief  officers  when  its  outlet  was  extremelv  cir- 
cumscribed, he  was  enabled,  by  persistent  attention  to  the  business, 
progressive  methods,  aud  the  determination  to  give  satisfaction  to 
its  customers,  to  gain  for  the  corporation  such  an  increase  of  busi- 


John  Bower  &  Company's  Packing  House 


PHILIPS.  TOWNSEND 
&  CO. 

The  large  and  growing 
firm  of  Philips,  Townsend 
&  Co.,  manufacturers  of 
wire  nails,  brads,  tacks,  es- 
cutcheon pins,  staples  and 
household  nail  boxes,  at 
North  Penn  Junction,  has 
the  credit  of  being  among 
the  first  in  the  country  to 
manufacture  wire  nails  on 
a  large  scale.  The  original 
members  of  the  firm,  Mr. 
Ferdinand  Philips  and  Mr. 
David  Townsend,  were  the 
pioneers.  They  began  by 
designing  all  the  special 
machinery  for  the  manu- 
facture, and  they  started  in 
[883  with  a  capacity  of  on  ly 
seven  machines.  These  were 
soon  increased  to  twentv, 
ami  business  increased  so 
rapidly  that  larger  quarters 
were  absolutely  needed. 
Messrs.  Philips&Tounsend 
then  took  into  partnership 
Messrs.  Edward  aud  Charles 
Rowland,  both  members  of 
the  old  and  well-established  firm  of  William  and  Harvev  Rowland 
of  Frankford.  The  new  firm  launched  out  into  much  greater  devel- 
opments, a  large  ami  spacious  factory  was  erected  at  North  Penn 
Junction,  adjoining  the  two  lines  of  railroad  leading  to  Philadelphia, 
and  the  capacity  of  the  works  was  more  than  doubled.  Iu  a  few- 
years  the  capacity  of  the  works  has  grown  from  one  ton  to  fortv 
tons  a  day,  and  now  over  one  hundred  of  the  original  and  speciallv 
designed  wire  nail  machines  are  in  constant  work. 

The  increase  in  the  output  again  necessitated  an  addition  to 
the  plant,  and  a  wire  drawing  department  was  built.  In  connec- 
tion with  the  main  business  there  is  also  a  department  for  making 
rivets,  which  has  developed  into  a  most  important  branch  of  the 
enterprise.  The  firm  manufactures  wire  for  their  own  use  and  for 
the  market.  Philips,  Townsend  &  Co. 's  rivets  are  known  all  overthe 
country  for  their  excellent  quality,  which  is  entirely  due  to  the 
merits  of  the  special  machinery  used  in  their  manufacture.  All  these 
machines  are  the  products  of  the  ingenuity  of  Messrs.  Philips  &: 
Townsend,  and  they  are  manufactured  iu  the  works.  The  firm  has 
been  successful  in  all  its  enterprises  from  a  mechanical  as  well  as  a 
financial  standpoint,  and  the  members  deserve  the  success  they  have 
attained.  They  are  continually  working  out  new  designs  for  fur- 
ther manufacturing  developments  as  necessity  requires  and  times 
may  warrant.  It  is  intended  to  still  further  increase  the  industry 
by  the  erection  of  a  new  rod  mill  and  large  bolt  and  nut  works. 
The  North  Penn  works  have  increased  with  marvelous  rapidity, 
and  are  likely  to  become  one  of  the  most  important  industries  in 
the  great  manufacturing  city  of  Philadelphia. 


167 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


TIDE-WATER  OIL  COMPANY 

This  company  enjoys  the  unique  distinction  of  owning  and 
operating  the  largest  complete  oil  refinery  in  the  world.  At  its  vast 
plant  may  be  seen  the  almost  countless  processes  whereby  the  crude 
oil,  after  a  subterranean  pipe-line  journey  of  more  than  three  hun- 
dred miles,  is  converted  into  every  known  petroleum  product.  The 
eompanv  as  it  now  exists  is  the  outgrowth  of  the  Tide-Water  Pipe 
Company,  founded  in  1S79  by  Byron  D.  Benson,  David  McKelvy, 
R.  E.  Hopkins,  A.  A.  Sumner,  Samuel  O.  Brown,  and  others,  men 
whose  names  iu  connection  with  the  petroleum  interests  of  Penn- 
svlvania  are  the  synonyms  of  integrity,  brains  and  indomitable 
pluck.  Those  conversant  with  the  history  of  petroleum  production 
and  refining  during  the  past  two  decades  will  understand  the  almost 
superhuman  difficulties  in  the  way  of  organizing  an  independent 
pipe-line  for  the  gathering,  transporting  and  refining  of  millions 
of  barrels  of  crude  oil,  in  the  face  of  a  determined  and  thor- 
oughly organized  opposition  with  unlimited  capital.  The  task  was 
accomplished, — the  Chester  oil  Co.,  near  Philadelphia,  and  the 
i  Icean  Oil  Co.,  Polar  Oil  Co..  and  Lombard,  Ayrcs&  Co..  near  New 
York,  representing  the  refining  interests  of  the  organization.  Iu 
1SS9  it  was  deemed  advisable  to  consolidate  these  four  refineries 
into  one,  with  largely  increased  capital,  known  as  the  Tide-Water 
1  )il  Company,  bavin,'  offices  in  all  the  principal  seaboard  cities  of 
the  Atlantic  coast,  and  foreign  agents  abroad.  Millions  of  dollars 
have  been  spent  on  the  re-organized  refinery,  which,  covering 
nearly  one  hundred  acres,  embraces  within  its  limits  everything 
that  science  can  suggest  towards  attaining  the  end  kept  foremost  in 
view,  namely,  absolute  perfection  in  its  products.  The  superin- 
tendents, engineers,  chemists,  foremen,  arc  all  picked  men,  ac- 
knowlcdgedy<J<7/V />;///<  </>.*  in  their  respective  departments.  Many 
special  devices  and  processes  are  iu  use  at  this  refinery,  unknown 
elsewhere,  the  result  of  the  inventive  genius  of  its  skilled  em- 
ployees, and  of  the  generous  rivalry  existing  between  the  various 
departments. 

The  result  of  this  liberal  and  enlightened  policy  on  the  part  of 
the  management  has  been  to  place  the  "Tide-Water"  brands  in  the 
lead  iu  the  markets  of  the  world.  Tide-Water  Illuminating  Oil  is 
as  well  known  in  the  interior  of  India,  in  Egypt.  Java.  China, 
fapan.  and  South  America,  as  it  is  in  the  United  States,  Canada, 
Great  Britaiu  and  Europe  generally.  It  is  called  for  wherever  there 
is  a  demand  for  a  perfect  burning  oil.  The  machinery,  engine  and 
cvlinder  oils  of  the  Tide-Water  Oil  Company  arc  in  great  demand 
among  mechanical  engineers,  who  have  learned  to  appreciate  their 
uniformity  in  quality  and  high  degree  of  efficiency  and  economy 
in  use.  There  is  no  problem  in  mechanics  of  greater  interest,  in 
its  everv  aspect,  than  that  of  the  reduction  of  friction  to  a  mini- 
mum. Not  only  does  the  attainment  of  the  greatest  amount  of 
efficient  power  from  the  fuel  consumed  largely  depend  on  proper 
lubrication,  but  in  many  cases,  as  on  railway  trainsaud  steamships, 
human  lives  are  at  stake.  This  department  of  refining  has  been 
brought  to  the  highest  perfectiou  by  the  Tide-Water  Oil  Co.  with 
the  most  gratifying  results,  especially  in  this  country  and  in 
Europe. 

The  Philadelphia  offices  and  warehouses  of  the  company  are 
located  at  No.  3S  North  Delaware  avenue,  where  a  complete  line  of 
its  products  is  kept  in  stock,  to  meet  the  demands  of  a  large  and 
constantly  increasing  local  trade. 


B.  H.  CRAMP  &  CO. 

The  great  Brass  and  Bronze  Foundry  of  Messrs.  B.  H.  Cramp 
&  Co.,  is  not  only  the  largest  establishment  of  the  kind  in  the 
United  States,  but  the  only  one  in  America  manufacturing  what  is 
known  as  manganese  bronze,  an  alloy  almost  as  strong  as  steel. 
The  foundry  is  located  at  York  and  Thompson  streets,  Philadelphia, 
and  the  work  includes  brass  and  bronze  eastings  of  all  kinds.  The 
business  was  begun  in  18S5,  exactly  where  the  present  buildings  are 
now  located.  At  the  beginning  the  foundry  was  30  by  60  feet, 
to  day  it  is  65  by  125  feet  with  a  lot  165  by  155  feet.  At  present 
there  are  50  crucible  furnaces  with  a  capacitv  of  23,000  pounds, 
equaling  at  three  melts  per  day  69,000  pounds  of  metal. 

One  of  the  largest  dimension  pieces  of  brass  ever  undertaken 
by  this  or  any  other  firm,  was  the  main  condensers  for  the  United 
States  Cruiser  "  Baltimore,"  and  also  for  Cruiser  No.  12,  commonlv 
known  as  the  "  Pirate."  There  are  six  castings  for  Cruiser  "  Balti- 
more,'' the  combined  weight  of  which  is  12,604  pounds.  A  single 
brass  casting  weighing  4,317  pounds  constitutes  the  main  air  pump 
for  the  "Baltimore."  Up  to  the  time  that  Messrs.  Cramp  &  Co., 
commenced  the  manufacture  of  manganese  bronze,  all  such  work 
was  imported.  Now,  the  firm  are  turning  out  the  very  highest 
grade  of  this  composition  metal,  and  they  call  it  the  American. 
From  it  they  have  manufactured  castings  for  screw  propellers  for 
two  wheels  each,  for  a  number  of  United  States  vessels,  among 
them  the  Vesuvius,  Yorktown,  Bennington,  Concord.  Baltimore, 
Philadelphia,  and  Newark.  Besides  they  have  just  added  six 
spare  blades  for  the  above-named  ships.  Among  other  vessels  may 
be  mentioned  the  Mariposa  anil  Torpedo  Boat  "Cushing." 

Throughout  Europe  this  bronze  is  acknowledged  as  the  most 
efficient  non-corrosive  alloy  for  screw  propellers. 

Bv  practical  demonstration  the  physical  strength  of  the  alloy 
made  by  this  firm  is  shown  to  be  more  than  equal  to  that  of  the 
English  production.  The  tensile  strength  for  castings  averages 
over  50.000  pounds  per  square  inch  with  an  elastic  limit  of  35,000 
pounds,  thus  enabling  them  to  make  propeller  blades  fully  20  per 
cent,  lighter  than  iron  or  steel  ones.  It  is  of  course  impossible  to 
say  what  difference  this  reduction  in  the  weight  of  propeller  blades 
makes  in  the  speed  of  the  ship,  but  the  ocean  greyhounds  of  to-day 
came  in  with  the  use  of  manganese  blades.  For  instance,  the 
steamship  "Caracas  "  of  the  Red  D.  Line  supplied  with  the  man- 
ganese blades  made  her  first  trip  in  24  hours  less  than  any  previous 
record.  So  gratified  were  her  owners  that  thev  equipped  her  sister 
steamer  'I, Venezuela  "  then  building,  with  the  manganese  wheel. 
It  is  almost  incredible,  but  Messrs.  Cramp  &  Co.  are  prepared 
to  show  that  the  manganese  wheels  are  even  cheaper  than  the 
commonest  grades  of  cast  iron.  It  must  certainly  be  a  source  of 
great  gratification  to  all  Americans  to  recognize  that  the  Messrs. 
B.  H.  Cramp  &  Co.  have  distanced  all  European  manufacturers  in 
the  quality  of  their  manganese  bronze.  The  proprietors  are  practi- 
cal brass  founders,  and  to  that  fact  they  are  proud  to  claim  they  owe 
their  great  success.  They  understand  the  most  advanced  require- 
ments of  modern  furnace  plants,  and  have  the  capital  and  energy 
to  meet  them.  They  invite  an  inspection  ot  their  foundry  by 
all  those  interested  in  the  progress  of  American  metallurgical 
interests. 

Tne  firm  have  now  orders  to  supply  a  number  of  other  mer- 
chant vessels,  among  them  the  Westernlaud  and  Noordland. 

The  William  Cramp  &  Sons,  Ship  and  Engine  Building  Com- 
pany, have  made  verv  severe  tests  of  castings  of  manganese  bronze, 
and  the  tables  show  the  most  satisfactory  results.  Iu  a  comparison 
of  tests  of  castings  of  manganese  bronze  the  subjoined  figures  are 
self-explanatory:  At  Zurich  41.250,  English  about  40,000,  B.  H. 
Cramp  &  Co.'s  "  Vesuvius  "  averaged  48.000. 

This  firm  have  already  received  the  order  from  the  Cramp  Ship 
Building  Co.,  to  supply  manganese  propeller  wheels  for  all  the 
steam  vessels  now  building  at  the  yards  of  that  firm  including  the 
men-of-war  under  construction  for  the  Government. 

Thev  have  received  from  the  William  Cramp  &  Sous,  Ship  and 
Engine  Building  Co.,  reports  upon  seven  tests  made  from  castings 
furnished  bv  them  as  follows: — 


,        . 

Broke  at 

■strai"       Limit  of  Elas 

Limit  of  Elas- 

Diameter. 

'5,,  .'in. 

ill  lbs. 

persq.  111. 
in  lbs. 

ticity  in  Ihs. 

sq.  in",  in  lbs. 

.625 

.3068 

14,850 

48,403 

S.300 

27.053 

.631 

•3127 

iS.Sio 

60,154 

IO.500 

33.579 

■6325 

.3142 

13.050 

4L534 

8.400 

26.735 

.625 

.  3068 

14.725 

47.995 

9.400 

30.639 

.623 

.3048 

14,230 

46.6S6 

S  200 

20.903 

.625 

.306S 

13  810 

45.015 

9.500 

50.965 

•625 

.3068 

14.350 

46,775 

S.750 

2S.520 

Average.... 

4S.Q79 

2S.I99 

PHTLADELPHTA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


Elongation  ir 

Elo 

ngation,  per  cent. 

Area  of  Reduced 

Reduction  per  cent 

2  inches. 

of  Original  Length. 

Section  in  sq.  in. 

of  Original  Section 

•17 

8-5 

•2734 

10.9 

•25 

12.5 

2827 

9.6 

.16 

S. 

2922 

7- 

•13 

6-5 

2809 

8.4 

.2 

10. 

2734 

10.3 

.12 

6. 

2762 

10. 

.21 

10.5 

2734 

10.9 

verage 

,86-7 

9  4-7 

The  following  testimonial  is  only  one  of  the  many  received, 
and  as  it  represents  a  prominent  firm  of  sugar  refiners  of  Philadel- 
phia it  is  given  entire  : — 

Philadelphia,  December  12,  1S89. 
Messrs.  B.  H.  Cramp  &  Co. 

Dear  Sirs : — In  reply  to  your  inquiry  as  to  the  results  obtained 
with  the  propeller  furnished  us  in  Cuba,  our  correspondents  write  us 
as  follows  :  ' '  The  Manganese  Bronze  Propeller  Wheel  which  you 
sent  us  is  giving  us  very  satisfactory  results.  Our  steam  lighter 
'  Trills '  can  make  with  it  three  miles  more  per  hour  than  the  old 
propeller  when  new."  We  are  glad  we  can  send  you  such  a  satis- 
factory report.  You  may  make  any  use  of  it  you  may  deem  proper. 
Very  truly, 
George  M.  Newhall  Engineering  Co.  [Limited]. 


GILLINGHAM,  GARRISON  &  CO.  [Limited] 


The  saw-mill  and  lumber  business  was  established  by 
Jonathan  Wainwright  and  Samuel  H.  Gillingham  at  Beach 
and  Hanover  streets,  Kensington,  in  1830,  under  the  name  of 
Wainwright  &  Gillingham.  They  continued  in  the  business 
of  sawing  white  pine,  oak  and  hemlock  timber  from  the  head- 
waters of  the  Delaware  river,  and  when  it  was  exhausted, 
from  the  Susquehanna  river,  and  sawed  it  into  ship  building 
timber,  girders,  etc.,  until  1852.  Samuel  H.  Gillingham  then 
bought  the  property  on  Richmond  street,  near  Norris,  and. 
built  a  mill,  Mr.  Wainwright  continuing  the  business  at  the 
old  place  with  his  sons.  In  February,  1854,  Samuel  H.  Gil- 
lingham died,  and  his  son,  Joseph  E.,  conducted  the  business 
for  the  estate  for  one  year.  In  1S55  the  firm  of  Gillingham 
&  Garrison  was  formed,  consisting  of  Joseph  E.  Gillingham 
and  David  R.  Garrison.  In  addition  to  the  saw-mill  business 
they  purchased  tracts  of  timber  in  Clearfield,  and  Cambria 
counties,  Pa.,  from  which  they  cut  and  rafted  large  quantities 
of  timber.  They  also  purchased  from  others  many  rafts  of 
white  pine  and  oak,  all  of  which,  and  many  others  belonging 
to  other  saw-mill  men,  they  rafted  down  the  Susquehanna  to 
Port  Deposit,  thence  across  Chesapeake  Bay  and  through  the 
Chesapeake  and  Delaware  Canal  to  the  Delaware  river,  and 
up  it  to  Philadelphia,  stopping  enough  there  to  supply  their 
own  mills,  and  taking  the  balance  to  points  in  New  Jersey, 
New  York  and  New  England,  to  sell  and  deliver.  The  pur- 
chase and  transportation  of  this  timber  required  large  capital 
and  the  employment  of  many  men. 

In  1S76  they  gave  Richard  Torpin,  Jr.,  George  Warner 
and  Courtland  Y.  White  an  interest  under  the  firm  name  of 
Gillingham,  Garrison  &  Company,  Limited,  who  still  con- 
tinue the  business. 

The  Susquehanna  timber  becoming  scarce  the  new  firm 
bought  and  sold  yellow  pine  timber  and  lumber  from  Georgia 
and  others  points  in  the  South,  and  did  a  large  wholesale  and 
retail  business  in  lumber  from  all  accessible  points,  including 
spruce  from  Maine,  fir  and  red  wood  from  Oregon,  white  pine 
from  Pennsylvania  aud  Michigan,  and  oak  from  Delaware  and 
West  Virginia. 

The  saw-mills,  lumber  yard  and  planing  mills  of  the 
firm  are  situated  at  943  Richmond  street,  Philadelphia,  where 
the  business  is  continued  on  a  large  scale  with  every  facility 
for  filling  orders  or  contracts  for  manufactured  lumber. 


R.  D.  WOOD  &  CO. 

The  history  of  the  rise  and  progress  of  the  iron  trade  in  this 
country  is  so  closely  associated  with  the  interests  of  this  extensive 
manufacturing  plant  that  any  reference  to  the  iron  trade  must 
needs  make  mention  of  Messrs.  R.  D.  Wood  &  Co.  The  inception 
was  at  Millville,  N.  J.,  in  1S03,  when  David  C.  Wood  first  started 
his  charcoal  iron  furnace,  making  a  fine  grade  of  pig  iron.  After 
some  success  here  the  business  became  unprofitable,  and  he  devoted 
his  energies  to  the  manufacture  of  iron  pipe.  This  plant  has  been  in 
active  operation  almost  continuously  since  that  time.  In  1S47  the 
capacity  was  greatly  enlarged,  and  Mr.  R.  D.  Wood  became  a  mem- 
ber of  the  firm,  under  the  style  of  R.  D.  Wood  &  Co.  They  manu- 
facture all  kinds  of  iron  castings,  stoves,  pipe,  lamp  posts,  railings, 
and  in  fact  everything  in  this  line,  much  of  the  iron  work  in  the 
older  portions  of  the  city  being  the  product  of  this  house.  In  1S67 
the  capacity  was  again  increased  through  the  purchase  of  a  foundry 
at  Florence,  N.  J.,  which  was  the  outgrowth  of  the  charcoal  furnace 
operated  by  Mr.  Richard  Jones  at  Hanover,  N.  Y.  In  1S67  Mr. 
Richard  D.  Wood  died,  and  he  was  succeeded  by  his  sons,  Messrs. 
Richard,  George,  Walter  and  Stuart  Wood.  Since  that  time  it  has 
been  entirely  under  their  management,  and  the  success  has  been 
largely  due  to  their  careful  and  conservative  business  methods.  In 
1SS3  the  plant  was  again  increased  by  the  purchase  of  the  works 
formerly  operated  by  Jesse  W.  Starr,  at  Camden,  N.  J.  These 
latter  are  one  of  the  largest  of  the  kind  in  the  country,  and  are  in 
every  way  fitted  with  the  newest  aud  best  machinery.  Their  manu- 
factories are  now  located  at  three  different  places,  Camden,  Florence 
and  Millville. 

During  the  past  quarter  of  a  century  the  business  has  largely 
increased,  and  has  indeed  built  up  a  national  reputation,  and  every 
effort  is  made  to  keep  the  product  fully  equal,  both  in  quality  and 
quantity,  to  the  demands  of  this  progressive  country.  Their  patent 
fire-plug  is  now  in  use  in  more  than  two  hundred  cities  in  the  United 
States.  It  is  a  most  important  invention,  and  is  of  great  help  to 
firemen  in  extinguishing  fires.  Notable  among  their  productions 
is  their  patent  "gas  holder,"  built  for  any  required  capacity,  which 
the\-  have  supplied  to  gas  companies  in  nearly  every  large  city.  The 
features  of  the  holder  are  that  it  stands  unrivalled  for  security,  dur- 
ability and  economy.  Another  department  of  manufacturing  to 
which  much  attention  has  been  paid  is  the  erection  of  water  works 
for  the  supply  of  cities.  In  the  Fairmount  Water  Works  of  this 
city  they  have  placed  seven  turbines,  three  of  which  are  the  largest 
in  existence.  In  addition  to  the  lines  already  mentioned,  the  manu- 
facture of  iron  pipe  is  carried  on  to  a  large  extent.  At  the  present 
time,  they  have  on  hand  a  large  contract  to  supply  all  the  pipe 
necessary  in  the  city  of  Seattle,  Wash.  Their  trade  has  no  boundary 
limits,  extending  all  over  the  country,  besides  a  large  export  busi- 
ness to  Central  and  Sonth  America,  Mexico  aud  Canada. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


WILLIAM  LUKENS  ELKINS 

In  the  building  up  of  the  material  growth  and  commercial 
interests  of  Philadelphia,  few  men  have  been  more  active  and  en- 
terprising, and  none  more  eminently  successful  than  William 
Lukens  Elkins,  and  he  is  universally  acknowledged  to  be  one  of 
the  most  sagacious  and  enterprising  capitalists  of  the  city.  He 
was  born  in  West  Virginia,  May  2,  1S32,  of  Quaker  parentage 
and  Welsh-English  descent.  His  father  was  George  W.  Elkins, 
one  of  the  earliest  paper  manufacturers  of  the  countrv.  William 
L.  Elkins  came  with  his  parents  to  Philadelphia  in  1840  where  he 
received  his  education  in  the  public  schools,  supplemented  by  hard 
study  during  leisure  hours.  In  1853  he  formed  a  partnership  with 
Peter  Saybolt,  under  the  name  of  Saybolt  &  Elkins,  at  Second  and 
Callowhill  streets,  and  in  conjuction  with  their  New  York  branch, 
they  successfully  conducted  what  was  then,  doubtless,  the  largest 
produce  business  in  the  country. 

In  1S60  he  became  sole  proprietor  and  carried  on  the  business 
until  the  "Oil  Fever"  broke  out  in  1861,  when  he  sold  out  the  busi- 
ness. Believing  that  a  certain 
source  of  profit  lay  in  the  re- 
fining of  crude  oil,  he  became 
one  of  the  pioneers  in  that 
branch  of  industry.  He  pur- 
chased several  small  refiner- 
ies, known  as  the  "  Park,"  the 
"Monument"  and  "  Heston- 
ville "  and  subsequently  he 
bought  another  plant  which 
had  been  established  at  Lan- 
caster avenue  and  50th  streets, 
and  soon  afterwards  he  leased 
the  refining  establishment 
known  as  the  "Belmont"  Oil 
Works,  thus  securing  the  en- 
tire control  of  this  business  in 
Philadelphia.  At  this  time  his 
product  aggregated  about  600 
barrels  per  week,  but  his  tact 
and  energy  soon  increased  the 
output  to  over  20,000  barrels 
per  mouth. 

The  first  gasoline  ever  pro- 
duced was  made  at  his  works 
and  soon  afterwards  it  became 
an  important  factor  of  his  out- 
p  u  t .  Notwithstanding  the 
great  precautions  taken,  the 
works  were  several  times  de- 
stroved  by  fire,  but  after  each 
disaster  he  rebuilt  at  once  on  a 
more  extensive  scale  than 
before. 

In  May,  1S75,  Mr.  Elkins 
formed  a  co-partnership  with 
the  Standard  Oil  Company  for 
ten  years,  the  Company  buying 
a  half  interest  in  the  business 
and  receiving  half  the  profits, 
but  in  18X0  he  disposed  of  his  entire  interest  to  the  Standard  Com- 
panv,  receiving  stock  of  the  Company  for  the  same,  but  giving  up  all 
active  participation  in  the  business.  Important,  however,  as  this 
enterprise  became,  Mr.  Elkins  is  best  known  for  his  extensive  oper- 
ations and  enterprises  in  connection  with  the  late  W.  H.  Kemble  and 
Peter  A.  B.  Widener,  in  the  extension  of  street  car  facilities  in  this 
city.  He  and  his  associates,  with  full  confidence  in  Philadelphia's 
future,  invested  largely  in  street  railway  stock,  and  conceived  the 
idea  of  forming  a  controlling  company  which  would  operate  a  num- 
ber of  the  most  profitable  lines  in  the  city,  and  by  pooling  the  in- 
terests of  various  companies,  be  enabled  to  economize  in  the  oper- 
ating expenses,  and  thus  act  as  feeders  to  each  other. 

The  result  of  their  deliberations  was  the  formation  of  the 
Philadelphia  Traction  Company,  which  now  controls  by  lease  and 
owns  the  lines  of  the  Union  Passenger  Railway  Company  ;  the 
Continental  line  ;  the  Philadelphia  City  Passenger  Railway  Com- 
panv,  known  as  the  Chestnut  and  Walnut  Street  line  ;  the  West 
Philadelphia  Passenger  Railway  Company  or  Market  Street  line; 
and  the  Twelfth  and  Sixteenth  Streets  line,  and  their  cars  run  to 
every  part  of  the  city  except  to  the  extreme  northwestern  limits. 

With  Mr.  Widener,  Mr.  Elkins  has  also  been  extensively  engaged 
in  building  operations.  They  purchased  large  tracts  of  ground  in 
the  northwestern  central  part  of  the  city   and   erected   thereon   a 


great  many  handsome  and  imposing  residences,  therebv  largelv 
adding  to  the  attractiveness  of  the  city  and  to  the  taxable"  value  of 
property  in  that  locality.  He  has  been  an  active  worker  for  the 
Republican  party,  but  has  never  sought  or  held  public  office,  with 
the  exception  of  the  position  of  Colonel  on  the  staff  of  General 
Hartranft  and  as  Commissioner  to  represent  Philadelphia  at  the 
Vienna  Exposition  of  1S73  by  appointment  of  Mayor  Stokely. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  F.  &  A.  M.  and  of  the'  Union  League, 
and  President  and  Director  in  many  Railway,  Gas  Light  and  Rail- 
road companies  and  Banks  in  this  and  other  parts  of  the  countrv. 
He  is  genial  and  courteous  in  his  manner  and  is  of  a  decided  social 
temperament,  but  devotes  most  of  his  leisure  moments  to  his  home, 
a  model  husband  and  a  devoted  father. 


William  Lukens  Elkins 


THE  PERSEVERANCE  WOOD-WORKING  MILL 

These  works  are  among  the  most  prominent  and  successful  in 
their  line  in  the  city,  and  have  won  a  national  reputation  by  the 
excellence  of  their  product, 
both  in  design  and  workman- 
ship. The  business  was  origin- 
ally started  in  March,  18S0,  by 
Mahlon  Fulton,  but  it  after- 
wards became  the  firm  of 
Mahlon  Fulton  &  Co.,  by  the 
admittance  of  Geo.  W.  Greene, 
Charles  Gillingham  and  Mah- 
lon Fulton,  Jr.  The  works  are 
located  at  1615  North  Ninth 
street,  as  are  also  the  offices, 
and  to  the  trade  they  are  fa- 
miliarly known  as  "The  Per- 
severance Wood -Working 
Mill."  They  were  completely- 
destroyed  by  fire  on  January 
26,  1S84.  A  larger  and  one  of 
the  most  complete  establish- 
ments of  its  kind  in  the  coun- 
try was  erected  and  in  opera- 
tion 011  April  26,  1SN4,  just 
three  months  from  the  day  the 
fire  fiend  visited  and  destroyed 
the  old  plant.  The  new  mill 
has  a  costly  and  complete 
equipment  of  the  most  modern 
machinery  for  turning  out  all 
kinds  of  wood-work  used  in 
the  construction  of  buildings, 
including  mantels,  wardrobes, 
artistic  decorations,  and  bank 
and  office  fixtures  and  furni- 
tures. The  equipment  of  the 
building  also  includes  automatic  sprinklers  and  other  devices  for 
extinguishing  fires.  Among  the  many  prominent  buildings  fur- 
nished with  the  products  of  the  company  are  the  Gladstone  Apart- 
ment House,  House  of  Refuge  buildings  at  Glen  Mills,  Delaware 
county  ;  Deaf  and  Dumb  Asylum  at  Chestnut  Hill,  Bullitt  Building, 
Art  Club,  Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company,  Independence  Na- 
tional Bank,  Market  Street  National  Bank,  Penn  National  Bank, 
Ninth  National  Bank,  Insurance  Company  of  North  America> 
Swarthmore  College,  Park  Theatre,  Marks  Bros'.  Stores,  Union 
League  Annex,  and  buildings  Nos.  8  and  10  Girard  College.  The 
artistic  work  of  the  company  can  also  be  found  in  these,  among 
many  others,  private  dwellings :  Geo.  W.  Elkins  and  Geo.  D.  Wid- 
ener, Broad  above  Girard  avenue  ;  John  C.  Bullitt,  Twenty-second 
above  Walnut ;  Isaac  Clothier,  Wynnwood  :  James  Mott.  Radnor ; 
Robert  Glendenniug,  Twentieth  and  Spruce  streets ;  Mrs.  Bories, 
Twelfth  and  Sansom  streets;  M.  Ehret,  Jr.,  Sixteenth  and  Alle- 
gheny avenue  ;  John  Osgard,  Newport,  R.  I.  ;  Chas.  Dawson, 
Charlestown,  W.  Va.,  and  Brooklyn  Riding  and  Driving  Club, 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


P.  A.  B.  WIDENER 

Philadelphia  presents  but  few  instances  of  greater  success  in 
business  than  that  of  Peter  A.  Brown  Widener,  one  of  the  city's 
most  prominent,  active  and  far-seeing  capitalists,  who,  with  his 
business  associates  has  done  much  not  only  to  improve  their  own 
citv,  but,  bv  their  ventures  in  the  way  of  developing  the  street  car 
traffic  of  other  cities  have  established  for  Philadelphia  an  enviable 
reputation  for  enterprise  and  business  acumen.  Whiletheir  under- 
takings are  entered  into  primarily  with  a  view  to  theirown  personal 
profit  and  advantage  their  projects  invariably  inure  to  the  benefit  of 
the  communitv  by  enhancing  the  value  of  property  and  adding  to 
the  convenience  of  the  public. 

Mr.  Widener  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  November  13,  1834. 
He  is  of  German  extraction 
and  his  parents  were  in  but 
moderate  circumstances.  He 
received  his  earlier  education 
at  the  Coates  Street  Grammar 
School  and  then  attended  the 
Central  High  School  for  two 
years.  After  leaving  that  in- 
stitution he  learned  the  busi- 
ness of  a  butcher,  and  suc- 
cessfully conducted  it  for  a 
number  of  years.  He  early 
evinced  an  interest  in  and  de- 
veloped an  aptitude  for  poli- 
tics and  took  an  active  part 
in  the  contests,  particularly  in 
local  affairs,  and  soon  became 
prominent  in  the  councils  of 
the  Republican  party,  with 
which  organization  he  has  al- 
ways acted. 

In  1S72  he  was  appointed 
to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of 
City  Treasurer  Joseph  F.  Mar- 
cer,  and  in  1S73  he  was  elected 
to  succeed  himself  in  that  of- 
fice. After  the  expiration  of 
his  term  as  City  Treasurer  he 
turned  his  attention  to  the  de- 
velopment of  street  railroads. 

In  1S75  Mr.  Widener,  Mr.  Win.  L.  Elkins  and  Mr.  Win.  H. 
Kemble  had  obtained  a  controlling  interest  in  one  of  the  most 
important  street  railways  in  Philadelphia  and  they  soon  demon- 
strated that  with  intelligent  and  judicious  management  the  busi- 
ness could  be  made  exceedingly  profitable.  The  road  under  their 
control  proved  very  successful,  ami  the  spirit  of  enterprise  and  bus- 
iness ambition  prompted  them  in  conjunction  with  Mr.  Wm.  H. 
Kemble  to  secure  control  of  other  lines  not  only  in  Philadelphia, 
but  in  other  large  cities  until  to-day  the  management  of  the  various 
roads  in  which  he  and  his  immediate  associates  hold  an  interest 
embraces  a  greater  mileage  and  equipment  than  is  controlled  by  a 
similar  syndicate  probably  in  the  world. 

Much  of  the  success  of  these  business  arrangements  is  due  to 
the  keen  foresight,  careful  supervision  of  details  and  excellent  judg- 
ment of  Mr.  Widener.  As  a  cardinal  feature  of  assuring  continued 
prosperity  in  these  particular  lines  of  investment  he  has  always 


Peter  A.  Brown  Widener 


aimed  to  place  in  positions  of  trust  and  responsibility  those  who 
have  proved  themselves  capable  and  worthy,  and  by  virtue  of  cour- 
teous, just  and  generous  treatment  he  has  secured  the  services  of  a 
staff  of  emplo\-ees  for  the  companies  who  are  as  true  as  steel,  loyal 
and  competent,  and  whose  fitness  and  capacity  for  their  posts  have 
been  amply  demonstrated. 

The  syndicate  of  which  Mr.  Widener  is  one  of  the  most  active 
members  controls  over  527  miles  of  street  railway  in  the  different 
cities  of  this  country.  Of  this  200  miles  are  in  Philadelphia,  229 
miles  in  Chicago,  over  49  miles  in  New  York,  35  miles  in  Balti- 
more, and  14  miles  in  Pittsburgh. 

Mr.  Widener  was  married  on  August  18,  1858,  to  Miss  H.  Jos- 
ephine Dunton,  and  the  union  has  been  a  very  happy  one,  for  Mrs. 
Widener  is  indeed  a  helpmeet  to  her  husband,  presiding  over  his 
household  with  grace  and  dig- 
nity and  as  almoner  of  his 
wealth,  dispensing  judiciously 
yet  with  a  liberal  hand  a 
bountiful  charity.  Three  chil- 
dren have  been  born  to  them, 
all  boys,  two  of  whom  are  liv- 
ing. George  D.  Widener,  the 
second  son,  is  married  to  a 
daughter  of  his  father's  friend 
and  business  associate,  Wm.  L. 
Elkins,  and  is  associated  with 
his  father  in  many  of  the  ex- 
tensive enterprises  in  which  he 
is  interested.  The  youngest 
son  is  just  entering  manhood 
and  both  do  credit  to  their 
bringing  up  and  opportunities. 
Mr.  Widener  has  traveled 
extensively  both  in  this  coun- 
try and  abroad.  He  has  a  large 
and  well  selected  library  with 
the  contents  of  which  he  is 
familiar  and  through  his  trav- 
els and  wide  reading  is  unusu- 
ally well-informed  on  a  wide 
range  of  topics.  He  is  a  most 
interesting  conversationalist 
and  is  also  a  ready,  forcible 
and  convincing  speaker.  The 
late  venerable  Joseph  Sailer,  who  was  for  many  years  the  financial 
editor  of  the  Public  Ledger,  frequently  referred  to  Mr.  Widener 
and  Mr.  William  H.  Kemble  as  being  better  informed  than  any 
other  two  men  in  Pennsylvania  as  to  the  finances  of  both  State 
and  City,  and  remarkably  able  and  shrewd  judges  of  the  financial 
value  of  any  proposed  enterprise. 

Mr.  Widener  is  a  firm  friend  and  one  who  does  not  forget  a 
favor.  He  is  not  spoiled  by  his  wealth  and  success  in  life  and  is  as 
accessible  now  as  when  a  comparatively  poor  man.  Many  an  old 
friend  has  been  the  recipient  of  a  timely  hint  or  frequently  a  still 
more  substantial  evidence  of  the  fact  that  Mr.  Wideuer's  friendship 
was  more  than  a  mere  sentiment.  He  is  a  genial,  kindly  man  with 
a  large  circle  of  warm  personal  friends,  and  withal  is  one  of  the 
keenest,  most  industrious  and  far-sighted  of  the  enterprising  capi- 
talists who  have  re-established  the  reputation  of  Philadelphia  for 
enterprise,  soliditv  and  push. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


ATLANTIC  REFINING  COMPANY 


When  the  Atlantic  Refining  Company,  of  Philadelphia,  was  or- 
ganized a  little  more  than  twenty  years  ago,  the  largest  refineries  were 
in  the  interior  of  the  State  and  the  Petroleum  industry  in  the  city- 
was  in  its  infancy.  At  the  time  of  the  organization  of  the  Atlantic 
Refining  Company,  the  finished  product  was  brought  from  the 
Western  refineries  and  exported  from  the  docks  of  the  Atlantic  Pe- 
troleum Storage  Company,  situated  at  Point  Breeze,  on  the  Schuyl- 
kill river.  It  was  then  thought  wise  to  bring  the  Petroleum  forward 
in  its  crude  state  to  be  refined  at  the  seaboard.  For  several  years  the 
oil  was  brought  in  barrels,  then  tank  cars  were  introduced,  only  to 
be  in  a  great  measure  superseded  by  Pipelines,  by  means  of  which  the 
oil  is  transported  in  the  most  convenient  and  expeditious  manner, 
with  less  trouble  than  by  either  of  the  other  methods.  To-day 
there  are  pipe  lines  starting  in  the  oil  regions  which  bring  the  crude 
Petroleum  direct  to  Philadelphia.  The  score  of  years  that  have 
elapsed  since  the  organization  of  the  Atlantic  Refining  Company 
have  witnessed  great  changes  in  the  character  and  volume  of  the 
business.  Their  accommodations  and  conveniences  have  naturally 
increased  and  thev  now  handle  and  refine  the  crude  Petroleum 
with  the  utmost  ease  and  dispatch.  At  the  outset  25  acres  of  land 
lving  adjacent  to  Point  Breeze  were  considered  sufficiently  large  as  a 
field  of  operation.  At  this  writing  the  Company's  plant  occupies 
something  like  150  acres  of  ground  with  1500  to  1S00  men  constant- 
ly eniploved.  The  Company's  works  includes  every  modern  im- 
provement. The  works  proper  comprise  its  distilling  and  refilling 
plant  with  a  completclv  equipped  Paralfine  works  devoted  exclusive- 
ly to  the  manufacture  of  Paraffine  products,  and  a  Gasoline  plant. 
Thev  have  their  own  barrel  and  can  factory  where  the  packages 
used  in  carrying  oil  are  manufactured.  In  fact  every  detail  of  the 
business  in  all  its  branches  is  under  the  immediate  control  and 
oversight  of  the  Company.  For  a  number  of  years  the  manufactur- 
ed products  were  all  exported  by  wooden  ships,  the  oil  being  pack- 
ed either  in  barrels  or  tin  cases.  Now,  however,  there  is  a  decided 
change  in  the  method  of  carrying,  and  the  largest  part  of  the  busi- 
ness is  done  by  Bulk  Steamers.  The  system  is  preferable  in  every 
sense.  These  steamers  are  safer  and  more  economical  to  the  trade, 
both  to  the  shipper  and  to  the  receiver.  Steamers  are  especially 
constructed  for  carrying  oil  in  bulk,  being  made  up  of  a  number  of 
tank  compartments.  The  business  of  the  Atlantic  Refining  Com- 
pany has  of  course  its  most  important  connections  in  Pennsylvania, 
and  it  is  one  of  the  most  important  industries  in  the  State.  It 
sends  its  oil  all  over  the  country,  and  to  England,  Germany,  Italy, 
the  East  Indies,  Japan,  etc.  Indeed  its  foreign  trade  is  one  of  the 
Company's  most  importantfeatures.  The  headquarters  for  its  local 
business  in  and  around  Philadelphia  is  at  125  Arch  street.  This 
department  is  in  charge  of  a  special  manager,  and  all  of  what  is 
termed  local  business  is  there  handled. 

Naturally  the  sending  of  oil  in  bulk  has  added  largely  to  the 
shipping  business  of  the  city,  and  the  number  of  vessels  engaged  in 
this  trade  is  steadily  increasing.  The  general  offices  of  the  Com- 
pany are  located  at  32S  Chestnut  street,  in  the  Brown  Building. 
The  officers  are,  President,  Mr.  William  G.  Warden,  Vice-President, 
Mr.  Malcolm  Llovd,  General  Manager,  Mr.  Norris  W.  Harkness, 
Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Mr.  Charles  £?.  Bushnell, 


J.  C.  McNAUGHTON  &  COMPANY 

This  Company  are  large  dealers  in  lumber  and  railroad  ties 
which  is  a  specialty  in  their  business.  Last  year  the  demand  for 
their  standard  oak  ties  was  very  large.  The  Pennsylvania  Railroad 
Company  handling  over  a  half  million.  They  are  also  largely  in- 
terested in  the  manufacturing  of  North  Carolina  pine  lumber,  which 
is  now  taking  the  place  to  a  very  large  extent  of  white  pine  for 
building  purposes.  They  have  two  very  large  mills  in  North  Caro- 
lina, that  are  now  manufacturing  lumber  for  this  special  trade.  It 
is  only  a  few  years  ago  that  this  lumber  had  only  a  value  for  box 
purposes,  but  since  the  drying  kilns  have  been  introduced  the  lum- 
ber is  now  extensively  used  for  flooring  and  finishing  work.  This 
class  of  lumber  is  now  being  extensively  used  throughout  the 
eastern  market  and  much  of  it  is  being  shipped  to  the  western 
country.  The  Company  also  handle  pine  ties  which  are  received 
from  further  Southern  States,  viz  :  Georgia  and  Florida.  Some  of 
our  railroad  companies  are  using  them  instead  of  the  oak  ties.  They 
are  selling  a  little  less  in  price  than  the  standard  oak  ties.  They 
also  handle  considerable  pine  wood  which  is  purchased  by  dealers 
for  kindling  purposes  ;  this  is  received  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia 
from  vessels  that  come  from  the  State  of  Virginia.  The  mills  of  the 
Company  are  located,  one  at  Rosebay  and  the  other  on  the  Atlantic 
Coast  Line,  Martin  County,  N.  C.  Mr.  McXaughton  was  born  at 
Juniata,  Perry  County,  Pa.  He  is  the  President  and  Treasurer  of 
the  Company,  and  is  also  an  honored  member  of  the  Masonic  order, 
Crescent  Lodge  493.  His  nephew,  Mr.  Moss,  is  Vice-President,  and 
Mr.  W.  F.  Bane,  Secretary.  The  business  has  been  established 
since  1.S6S  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  and  their  sales  last  year 
amounted  to  between  $5°°, coo  to  <6oo,ooo.  The  Office  of  the  Com- 
pany is  located  at  216  South  Third  street. 


VIRGINIA  LUMBER  COMPANY 

The  Company  is  one  of  recent  establishment,  having  been 
organized  under  the  State  laws  of  Virginia,  with  a  capital  of  ^rjO,- 
000,  on  October  II,  1SS9,  and  yet  so  successful  has  been  its  man- 
agement that  it  is  rapidly  forging  to  the  front  as  one  of  the  leading 
establishments  of  its  kind  in  the  country.  Its  offices  were  formerly 
located  ill  the  Bullitt  Building,  on  South  Fourth  street,  but  owing 
to  their  desire  to  carry  a  stock  of  certain  lines  of  their  manufacture, 
thev  recently  removed  to  22S  Dock  street.  A.  B.  Nichols  is  presi- 
dent of  the  company,  and  Charles  Barringtou  its  secretary  and 
treasurer.  The  mills — saw  and  planing  mills — are  located  at  Gra- 
ham, Tazewell  county,  Va.,  and  at  the  present  lime  the  Company  is 
having  constructed  a  large  furniture  factory,  having  decided  some 
time  ago  to  add  that  industry  to  its  others.  That  this  venture  will 
be  as  successful  as  the  original  one  does  not  admit  of  a  doubt,  their 
present  facilities  being  such  as  to  enable  them  to  run  the  furniture 
department  with  only  a  slight  additional  outlay.  Another  advan- 
tage lies  in  the  fact  that  the  Company  owns  or  controls  the  timber 
on  27,000  acres  of  land  tributary  to  their  mills,  which  includes 
many  varieties  of  trees  from  which  nearly  all  kinds  of  wood-work 
can  be  manufactured.  Among  them  are  the  famous  Virginia  oak 
and  poplar,  the  latter  being  of  the  fine,  soft  canary  variety,  while 
the  oak  in  quality  and  texture  is  specially  adapted  for  the  manufac- 
ture of  furniture  and  all  kinds  of  house-furnishing  work.  But  in 
addition  they  have  a  liberal  supply  of  ash,  walnut,  chestnut  and 
maple  of  a  very  fine  and  durable  quality.  Possessing  as  they  do 
these  facilities  (the  saw  and  planing  mills  must  not  be  overlooked), 
it  is  readily  seen  that  the  Company  can  become  formidable  compet- 
itors in  the  manufacture  of  furniture  and  kindred  articles.  The 
mills  now  in  operation  have  a  capacity  of  sawing  and  planing 
9,000,000  feet  of  lumber  per  year  ;  and  the  output  includes  rough 
and  dressed  mouldings,  sidings,  floorings,  casings,  wood  turnings 
of  every  description,  etc.  The  machinery  in  use  is  of  the  Iatestand 
best  make,  and  the  hands  employed  arc  skilled  mechanics. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


EMERALD  COTTON  MILLS 


CREW,  LEVICK   COMPANY 


The  Emerald  Cotton  Mills,  located  now  in  Frankford,  Phila- 
delphia, were  established  by  their  present  owner,  Joseph  Greer, 
at  Twenty-third  and  Filbert  streets.  They  remained  at  the  orig- 
inal location  for  about  four  years,  removing  to  the  southern 
part  of  the  city,  where  they  continued  for  nine  years.  At  that 
time  they  changed  to  Kensington,  where  they  continued  op- 
erations for  about  eight  years,  when  the  establishment  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire.  Possessed,  however,  of  great  confidence  in  the 
final  results  of  the  business,  and  full  of  energy,  and  understanding 
the  work,  the  owner  purchased  the  Weltshire  Mills,  owned  by 
Messrs.  Greenwood  &  Ball.  This  is  the  site  upon  which  they  are 
now  located,  at  Frankford,  and  where  they  have  erected  factories 
and  shops  forthe  various  departments,  complete  in  every  detail  and 
fully  capable  for  every  demand  which  might  be  made  upon  them. 
Their  principal  output  is  every  variety  of  cotton  goods  and  worsted 
goods.  Suitings  of  various  grades  are  also  manufactured  in  large 
quantities.  The  house  sells  its  own  goods  directly  to  the  trade.  It 
employs  175  people  of  both  sexes.  The  capacity  of  the  establishment 
is  from  J6oo,ooo  to  3700,000  per  year.  Mr.  Greer  is  also  a  member 
of  the  Berkshire  Manufacturing  Company  (limited),  operating  the 
Berkshire  Mills,  employing  over 400  hands  and  manufacturing  cot- 
ton goods  entirely. 

Mr.  Greer  in  his  two  establishments  alone  now  employs  575 
hands.  In  1S70  there  were  six  manufactories  of  these  goods  in 
Philadelphia,  with  a  steam  power  of  541  horse  power,  worked  by 
65S  men  and  12  women.  It  is  undoubted  that  the  works  of  Mr. 
Greer  to-day  exceed  in  every  respect  the  combined  manufactures 
as  shown  by  the  census  of  1S70.  Machinery  for  the  manufacture  of 
textile  fabrics  is  produced  to  six  times  the  extent  it  was  ten  years 
ago  and  in  far  higher  and  more  costly  forms.  Much  of  the  machin- 
ery used  in  such  manufactories  as  that  of  Mr.  Greer  is  made  in  Phil- 
adelphia. The  costly  jacquard  loom,  as  well  as  innumerable  other 
machines  for  spinning,  knitting,  sewing  and  folding,  are  in  use  at 
the  Emerald  and  Berkshire  Mills.  In  this  manufacture  there  are 
constant  improvements  in  the  machinery,  etc.,  and  to  keep  up  in 
this  respect  is  the  heaviest  cost  of  expense.  Not  only  is  it  neces- 
sary to  be  continually  purchasing  new  machines,  but  the  buildings 
themselves  must  be  altered  and  enlarged  to  meet  the  additional  re- 
quirements. In  this  respect,  as  in  all  others.  Mr.  Greer  is  fully 
equal  to  the  demands  made  upon  him,  anil  hesitates  at  no  expense 
to  adapt  and  utilize  the  latest  improvements.  The  first  record  we 
have  of  the  manufacture  of  cotton  and  woolen  goods  in  Philadel- 
phia is  in  183S.  Since  that  time  the  improvements  in  what  may 
be  called  the  implements  of  the  trade  are  remarkable.  The  old 
method  for  the  printing  of  cotton  from  blocks  was  superseded  in 
1809  by  machinery  imported  from  England.  The  improvements 
after  that,  though  gradual,  were  important,  so  that  when  the  Emer- 
ald Mills  were  established  they  had  little  difficulty  in  obtaining  the 
best  mechanical  implements,  of  both  home  and  foreign  make.  Of 
course  a  considerable  outlay  of  nionev  was  required  from  time  to 
time,  but  the  result  fully  justified  the  expense.  Immediately  after 
the  introduction  of  machinery  one  man  and  two  boys  were  able  to 
print  10,000  yards  of  cloth  or  50,000  children's  handkerchiefs  in  a 
single  day.  This  was  considered  remarkable,  and  so  it  was  as  over 
the  old  fashioned  method,  but  it  is  a  ridiculously  small  result  as 
compared  with  the  output  of  the  Emerald  and  Berkshire  Mills  of 
to-day.  Another  wonderful  result,  so  considered  in  these  early 
times,  was  when  cotton  and  linen  goods  were  stained  and  dyed  in 
one  color.  This  now-a-days  is  one  of  the  most  simple  of  all  the 
processes  in  such  mills  as  those  owned  ami  presided  over  by  Mr. 
Greer. 

The  first  looms  built  for  weaving  cotton  lace  were  started  in 
1S10.  About  this  time  also  power  looms  for  weaving  satinets,  and 
these  were  the  first  ever  used  in  Pennsylvania  for  that  purpose.  It 
is  exceedingly  interesting  to  consider  these  early  efforts  in  the 
manufacture  of  cotton  goods  and  compare  them  with  the  wonder- 
ful machines  now  in  operation  in  the  Emerald  and  Berkshire  Mdls. 
There  is  scarcely  a  month  in  which  there  is  not  a  notable  advance 
in  the  construction  of  some  of  the  intricate  machinery  used. 
The  main  office  of  the  Emerald  Mills  is  located  at  Oxford  and 
Worth  streets,  Frankford,   Philadelphia. 

Mr.  Greer  is  one  of  the  prominent  members  of  the  Manufac- 
turers' Club.  Though  a  thorough  plain  spoken  man  of  business  he 
is  socially  very  popular.  At  the  Manufacturers'  Club  he  is  closely 
attentive  at  the  business  meetings  whenever  matters  affecting  the 
interests  of  American  trade  are  considered.  He  is  thoroughly 
American  in  all  his  feelings,  and  being  so  well  informed  in  the  par- 
ticular business  in  which  he  is  most  interested,  his  views  are  always 
heard  with  the  utmost  respect  and  consideration. 


In  the  year  1862,  J.  Lewis  Crew,  of  Philadelphia,  first  be- 
came interested  in  the  refining  of  petroleum.  In  the  year  1870, 
he  was  succeeded  by  Crew,  Moore  &  Levick,  on  the  admission  of 
John  W.  Moore  and  Lewis  J.  Levick  ;  they  continued  for  a  number 
of  years  when  the  firm  of  Crew,  Levick  ec  Company  was  organized 
on  their  purchasing  the  Seaboard  Oil  Works,  located  at  South 
Chester,  Pa.  In  1SS9,  J.  Lewis  Crew  retired  and  Lewis  J.  Levick 
purchased  his  partners'  interest  and,  in  conjunction  with  F.  W. 
Hammett  and  George  W.  Elkins,  the  Crew,  Levick  Company  was 
incorporated  in  1890,  with  a  capital  of  $200,000.  The  following 
interests  were  then  consolidated  :  Crew,  Levick  Company ;  Sea- 
board Oil  Works,  of  South  Chester  ;  Aetna  Oil  Company,  and  the 
Pennsylvania  Oil  Company,  Limited.  In  1891,  the  capital  stock  of 
the  Company  was  increased  to  $750,000,  and,  at  the  same  time,  the 
following  interests  were  purchased  and  became  the  property  of  the 
Company:  Muir  Oil  Company,  Limited,  and  the  Glade  Filtering 
Works,  both  located  at  Warren,  Pa.  In  addition  to  this  they 
purchased  a  large  producing  property  situated  in  what  is  known 
as  the  "  Tiona  "  field,  which  yields  an  oil  that  is  worth  nearly 
double  that  of  any  other  Pennsylvania  crude.  It  commands  the 
highest  premium  paid  on  crude  oil.  This  high  value  is  due  to  the 
superior  products  which  may  be  manufactured  from  it,  and  also 
because  of  its  limited  supply. 

This  Company  has  also  its  own  gas  territory  connected  by  pipe 
with  its  works,  which  furnishes  the  fuel  they  require.  A  large 
amount  of  capital  is  also  invested  in  many  miles  of  pipe  lines 
which  connect  their  oil  wells  with  the  refineries.  They  have  a 
number  of  tank  cars  which  enables  them  to  ship  their  products 
in  bulk  to  all  parts  of  the  country  at  the  minimum  rates  of 
freight. 

This  firm  was  among  the  first  to  introduce  American  petroleum 
products  in  Europe,  which  was  done  nearly  twenty  years  ago,  and 
their  business  has  been  steadily  increasing  since  that  time.  They 
now  have  branch  houses  in  Liverpool,  London,  Paris,  Antwerp,  and 
Frankfort-on-Main,  Germany,  and  are  represented  by  agents  in  other 
cities  of  Europe.  Their  trade  extends  also  throughout  the  United 
States  and  various  parts  of  South  America.  Their  offices  are 
located  in  Philadelphia  and  New  York.  They  have  a  number  of 
distributing  stations  from  which  a  great  many  thousand  barrels  of 
their  illuminating  oils  are  distributed  by  their  tank  wagons.  The 
principal  office  in  Philadelphia  has  been  located  at  No.  113  Arch 
street,  for  nearly  twenty-five  years. 

Their  refineries  at  Warren,  Pa.,  were  recently  built  and  con- 
tain the  latest  mechanical  improvements  for  refining  and  manu- 
facturing nearlv  all  grades  of  petroleum  products.  Their  refinery 
at  South  Chester  has  also  recently  been  much  enlarged.  Its 
shipping  facilities  are  excellent  as  it  is  situated  on  the  Delaware 
river,  and  both  the  Philadelphia  &  Reading  and  Pennsylvania 
Railroads  run  alongside  the  property.  The  company  also  controls 
the  sale  of  the  products  of  the  Warren  Linoline  and  Gasoline 
Works.  The  output  of  all  their  works  meets  with  a  constant  and 
ever  increasing  demand. 

The  Philadelphia  Directors  of  the  company  are  connected  with 
the  Board  of  Trade  ;  they  are  also  individually  identified  with  the 
"  Manufacturers'  Club  "  and  the  "  Union  League,"  and  have  shown 
a  warm  interest  in  the  "  Bourse  "  and  a  number  of  other  organiza- 
tions looking  to  the  development  of  Philadelphia  interests. 

The  directors  residing  at  Warren,  Pa.,  are  prominent  citizens 
of  that  place,  and  are  also  among  the  largest  owners  of  oil  pro- 
ducing territory  in  that  section  of  the  State,  and  have  been  identi- 
fied with  the  refining  of  petroleum  for  nearly  twenty  years. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


D.  JAYNE  &  SON 


Of  the  many  large  manufacturing  and  mercantile  houses  in 
Philadelphia,  of  which,  owing  to  the  interest  taken  by  them  in  all 
that  pertains  to  the  growth,  prosperity  and  adornment  of  the  city, 
and  the  increase  and  permanence  of  herevery  material,  business  and 
other    interests,  her  citizens  have  just    reason  to  be   proud,  few 
houses  can  exhibit  a  continuity  of  business  life  as  great,  a  range  of 
operations  extending  so  closely  over  our  own  and  foreign  lands,  or 
methods  that  so  thoroughly  bring  to  the  very  homes  of  the  millions 
of  people  the  name  and  fair 
fame  of  our  goodly  city  of 
Philadelphia     as    the    old 
firm   of  Dr.    D.   Jayne   & 
Son,  in   the  full  activities 
of  business  life  at  No.  242 
Chestnut  street. 

Of  the  life  of  the  foun- 
der of  this   house,    David 
Jayne,  M.D.,  a  short  sketch 
will  be  given.    Born  in  the 
year  1798,  in  Monroe  coun- 
ty, Penna.,  near  the  village 
of  Bushkill,  the  son   of  a 
respected  and  well-known 
Baptist     clergyman,     the 
Rev.  Ebenezer  Jayne,  the 
boy  had  little  opportunity 
for  obtaining  an  education 
other  than  that  afforded  bv 
the  common  schools  of  the 
day.   which    was    poor   in- 
deed.     But    not    satisfied 
therewith,  and  nerved  by 
the   indomitable  ambition 
within  him,  which   mani- 
fested    itself    so     forciblv- 
throughout   his  after   life, 
he  entered  upon  a  severe 
course  of  self-culture  which 
fitted    him    for    a    higher 
sphere  than  that  of  a  me- 
chanic, which  his  father  had  intended  for  him,  and  enabled  him, 
after  pursuing  a  course  of  study  in  medicine  under  the  guidance 
of  a  proper  preceptor,  and  in  the  lecture  courses  of  the  medical 
department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  to  enter  into  the 
practice  of  medicine  in  the  year   1825,  in  Cumberland,  and  after- 
wards in  Salem  county,  N\  J. ,  fields  that  promised  little  of  pecuniary 
reward,  but  plenty  of  opportunity  to  acquire  a  practical  knowledge 
of  disease  in  its  various  forms,  and  the  methods  and  remedies  best 
adapted  to  its  treatment  and  removal.     The  school  was  a  severe 
one,  but  the  success  that  attended  his  after  life  attested  the  value  of 
the  knowledge  thus  gained,  and  the  excellent  use  he  made  of  it. 
In  the  year  183 1  he  introduced  the  first  one  of  the  proprietarv 
medicincs  with  which  his  name  is  associated,  and  in  the  near  follow- 


ing years  the  others  comprised  in  the  well-known  list ;  that  year,  1831 
—sixty  years  ago— marking  the  commencement  of  the  business  of 
the  present  house.  Desiring  a  wider  field,  one  presenting  greater 
opportunities  for  expansion,  Dr.  Jayne  removed,  in  the  year  1836,  to 
Philadelphia,  purchasing  a  drug  store  located  at  No.  20  South  Third 
street,  and  there,  combining  its  conduct  with  a  general  practice  in 
the  line  of  his  profession,  he  completed  the  foundation,  sure  and 
deep,  of  the  proprietary  medicine  business,  which,  as  the  years 
rolled  on,  attained  such  magnitude.  The  increase  in  this  latter 
soon  caused  him  to  relinquish  all  general  practice,  and  to  devote 

what  time  he  had  to  spare 
for  patients  to  such  as 
could  come  to  his  office  ; 
but  such  was  his  love  for 
his  profession  that  he  con- 
tinued it,  in  that  form,  till 
the  close  of  his  life,  gra- 
tuitously, of  course,  and 
simply  as  a  "  labor  of 
love. ' ' 

The  continued  growth 
of  his  business  caused  him 
in    1845    to    remove   to    a 
much  larger  building  than 
the  one  he   had   been  oc- 
cupying, located  at  No.  S, 
on   the  same  street  and  a 
few  doors  only  north  of  his 
old    business    place ;     and 
tins   in   turn   in  less  than 
two   years   also   becoming 
insufficient,  he  determined 
to  have  erected  a  building 
which  would   not   only  be 
large  enough  for  his  exist- 
ing   and    future    business, 
but  also  one   that  in  size, 
elegance     and     solidity, 
would   be   far  superior  to 
any  theretofore  attempted 
in  the  business  architect- 
ure of  Philadelphia,  or,  in 
fact, in  that  of  any'other  city  of  the  United  States.     Selecting  a  site 
on  the  south  side  of  Chestnut  street,  east  of  Third,  securing  the 
services  of  one  of  the  best  architects  of  the  day,  the  plans  for  the 
structure  were  soon  matured,  and  in  the  year  1S4S  its  construction 
was  commenced,  but  such  was  the  nature  of  the  ground  upon  which 
it  was  located,  and  the  unusually  massive  character  and  height  of 
the  building,  that  two  years  were  required  for  its  completion,  ami 
it  was  not  until  the  fall  of  1S50  that  it  was  ready  for  occupancy. 

The  structure  as  finished,  eight  stories  above  and  two  below 
ground,  rising  to  a  height  of  one  hundred  feet  and  surmounted  by  a 
tower  rising  thirty-two  feet  higher,  a  frontage  on  Chestnut  street  of 
forty-two  feet,  and  extending  in  depth  one  hundred  and  forty  feet 
to  Carter  street,  its  front  of  Quincy  granite  and  gothic  in  architec- 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 

ture,  with  cluster  columns  rising  to  and  terminating  in  pointed  win-  extent  than  at  any  time  during  Dr.  Jayne's  life-time.  As  a  citizen 
dows  on  the  seventh  floor  and  trefoil-shaped  windows  on  the  eighth  he  was  always  alive  to  the  obligations  incident  thereto,  and  ever 
above,  made  it  the  most  conspicuous  building  of  the  time,  while  its  ready  with  means  and  influence  to  aid  in  everything  which  he  con- 
cost  was  such  as  to  cause  many  persons  to  question  the  sound  sense  sidered  calculated  to  advance  the  well  being  and  prosperity  of  the 
of  the  owner.  city,  while  his  pride  in  it  was  such  as  to  make  him  the  pioneer  in 

As  a  separate  operation  Dr.  Jayne  had  formed  a  partner-  the  erection  of  handsome,  costly  structures  to  adorn  its  streets,  well 
ship  in  January,  1S50,  for  the  conduct  of  a  wholesale  drug  business  knowing  that  their  expensive  character  would  ever  preclude  but  a 
with  his  son,  David  W.  Jayne,  and  his  nephew,  Eben  C.  Jayne,  very  moderate  interest  return  upon  the  investments.  As  a  man  of 
under  the  title  of  David  Jayne  &  Son,  which,  together  with  his  own  business,  after  formulating  his  plans,  he  was  impatient  in  the  execu- 
business  proper,  was  removed  to  the  new  building  in  October,  1850,  tion  of  the  details  and  usually  delegated  their  conduct  to  others, 
and  there  continued  until  1854,  when,  although  having  attained  whom,  with  excellent  judgment,  he  selected  for  the  purpose;  but, 
large  dimensions,  the  drug  business  not  proving  as  remunerative  as  in  the  broad  principles  which  must  necessarily  underlie  any  and  all 
desired,  it  was  discontinued.  Actively  engaged  in  building  and  great  business  enterprises,  his  judgment  and  foresight  was  singularly 
other  operations,  ample  means  for  which  his  business  was  supply-  clear,  his  plans  bold,  comprehensive  and  sure,  and  once  entered 
ing,  and  finding  it  impossible  to  give  to  the  latter  the  personal  at-  upon  were  followed  up,  regardless  of  obstacles,  with  an  energy  and 
tention  that  it  required,  Dr.  Jayne,  in  1855,  to  ensure  its  proper  and  persistence  that  rendered  success  certain.  A  poor  boy  in  the  start 
more  vigorous  prosecution,  entered  into  another  partnership,  choos-  of  life,  unaided,  he  amassed  during  its  course  a  large  fortune,  leav- 
ing as  his  partners  the  same  persons  as  before,  David  W.  and  Eben  ing  at  its  close  an  estate  valued  at  several  millions  of  dollars. 
C.  Jayne,  and  adding  his  brother-in-law,  John  K.  Walker,  the  title  In  religious  belief  Dr.  Jayne  was  a  Baptist,  active  in  his  church 
of  the  new  firm  being  Dr.  D.  Jayne  &  Son  ;  and  while  remaining  relations  and  ever  contributing  liberally  to  its  cause.  In  politics  an 
ever  ready  with  advice  and  counsel  in  matters  needing  his  more  old-line  Whig  at  the  first,  then  a  "  Native  American,"  and  lastlv  a 
mature  and  experienced  judgment,  Dr.  Jayne,  after  the  formation  liberal  Republican,  yet  always  regarding  the  interest  of  the  country 
of  this  firm,  entrusted  the  management  of  the  business,  mainly,  to  as  a  whole,  paramount  to  that  of  party  or  section.  In  the  use 
the  junior  partners,  having  the  satisfaction  ere  he  died,  of  seeing  it  of  his  wealth  he  was  ever  liberal,  and  more  particularlv  so  in 
nearly  doubled  in  volume,  to  be  proportionately  even  more  largely  direct  personal  contributions  to  the  poor,  for  whom  his  purse 
increased  in  the  succeeding  years.     Continuing  his  real   estate  in-  was  ever  open. 

vestments     Dr.    Jayne    caused     to     be     successively   erected    the  In  the  domestic  relations  of  life  he  was  a  good  son,  a  good 

"  Post  Office  Building,"  on  Dock  street,  the  fine  granite  building,  husband,  father,  brother  and  relative.     He  was  thrice  married,  his 

"Jayne's  Hall,"  the  handsome  marble  buildings  on  the  old  "  Phila-  last  wife  surviving  him   and   is  yet  living.     Of  his  children  eight 

delphia  Arcade  lot,"  and  the  Commonwealth  Building,"  of  brick  and  lived  to  reach  their  majority,  and  five  still  survive,  three  daughters 

stone,  on  the  "  Bolivar  House  "  lot,  all  on  the  north  side  of  Chest-  and  two  sons,  the  eldest  of  the  latter,  Henry  Le  Barre  Jayne,  a  ris- 

nut  street,  between  Sixth  and  Seventh  streets ;  and  lastly,  his  mar-  ing  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar,  and  one  of  the  eminent  firm  of 

ble  dwelling,  corner  of  Nineteenth  and   Chestnut  streets,    which  Biddle  &  Ward ;  and  the  younger,  Horace  Jayne,  M.  D.,  Professor 

latter  he  did  not  live  to   occupy,  for,  taking  cold  by  a  slightly  of  vertebrate  morphology  in  the  biological  department  of  the  Uni- 

imprudent  exposure,  pneumonia  set  in,  and  at  the  end  of  five  davs  versity  of  Pennsylvania,  and  Dean  of  the  collegiate  department  of 

terminated  his  life,  March  5,  1S66,  he  being  in  the  sixty-eighth  the  same  great  institution.     Neither  of  the  sons  have  any  connec- 

year  of  his  age.  tion  with  the  business  of  Dr.  D.  Jayne  &  Son. 

As  a  physician  Dr.  Jayne  was  very  able  in  diagnosis  of  diseases,  It  may  be  well  to  mention  in  this  connection  that  theguardian- 
and  equally  so  in  the  selection  and  combination  of  medicines  with  ship  of  the  ably-managed  "estate  of  David  Jayne.  deceased,"  re- 
which  to  combat  them.  To  these  qualities  the  great  success  that  mains  under  the  direction  of  Rev.  J.  Wheaton  Smith,  D.  D.,  and 
attended  the  use  of  his  "  Family  Medicines  "  when  spread  broadcast  Chief  Justice,  the  Hon.  Edward  M.  Paxson,  only  surviving  mem- 
over  almost  the  whole  world  must  be  attributed,  for  notwithstand-  bers  of  a  board  of  five  trustees  appointed  by  Dr.  Jayne  under  his 
ing  an  admirable  system  of  advertising  and  an  equally  admirable  will ;  while  the  management  of  the  extensive  business  of  Dr.  D. 
system  of  distribution  which  he  formulated  and  adopted,  their  sale  Jayne  &  Son,  in  the  interest  of  "the  estate  "  and  his  own  as  well, 
would  at  best  have  been  ephemeral,  had  it  not  been  for  the  intrinsic  continues  with  Mr.  Eben  C.  Jayne,  sole  surviving  member  of  the 
merit  of  the  medicines,  which,  once  tried,  ensured  their  continued  firm ;  David  W.  Jayne  having  died  in  1863,  Dr.  David  Jayne,  as 
use  in  almost  every  case,  and  which  use  continues  to  a  far  greater  before  stated,  in  1S66,  and  Mr.  John  K.  Walker  in  1SS1. 

1 75 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


ALFRED  C.  REX  &  CO. 

Manufacturers  of  Hardware  Specialties  and  Novelties,  was 
established  by  Alfred  C.  Rex,  in  1879,  at  Frankford,  Philadelphia. 
In  1SS1  the  present  extensive  structures  were  erected.  The  main 
building  is  100  by  150  feet,  three  stories  in  height.  The  foundry 
is  75  by  150  feet.  The  business  is  the  manufacture  of  patented 
hardware,  specialties  and  novelties  of  all  kinds  in  this  line,  in  iron, 
brass  and  bronze.  It  is  the  only  establishment  of  the  kind  in 
Pennsylvania,  there  are  only  two  or  three  others  in  the  United 
States,  and  only  one  other  beside  in  the  world.  It  further  gives 
special  attention  to  electro-plating  in  all  its  branches.  Beside  the 
main  office  of  the  firm  at  Frankford  they  have  branches  at  413  Com- 
merce street,  Philadelphia,  104  Chambers  street,  New  York,  No.  60 
Lake  street,  Chicago,  No.  100  California  street,  San  Francisco.  They 
emplov  regularly  about  125  hands,  and  at  times  many  more.  The 
output  approximates  from  $100,000  to  5'50,ooo  a  year.  New  ma- 
chinery is  being  added  as  additional  facilities  are  required  to  meet 
the  demands  upon  them.  Their  trade  extends  over  the  United 
States  with  an  increasing  export  demand  for  many  of  theirinovelties. 


intend  to  protect  this  reputation,  and  have  already  arranged  for 
space  at  the  Columbian  Exhibition  at  Chicago  in  1893.  The  capacity 
of  their  factory  is  4,000,000  pounds  per  year. 

Licorice  was  used  by  the  ancients  as  well  as  in  our  modern 
times  as  an  article  of  materia  medica.  It  was  always  considered 
emollient,  demulcent,  and  useful  against  catarrh  and  irritations 
of  the  mucous  membranes. 

In  England  the  cultivation  of  the  licorice  plant  is  at  least  as  old 
as  the  times  of  Elizabeth.  The  licorice  roots  have  been  extensively 
imported  by  brewers.  The  black  inspissated  extract  of  those  roots 
is  known  as  black  sugar,  and  is  the  stick  licorice  so  common  through- 
out the  world. 


THE  MELLOR  & 

RITTENHOUSE 

COMPANY 

Whose  office  and 
laboratory  occupy  the 
buildings  from  214  to 
220  North  Twenty- 
second  street,  Phila- 
delphia, was  estab- 
lished in  1863  and  in- 
corporated in  1S66. 
Its  officers  are,  Alfred 
Me  11  or,  president; 
William  B.  Ridgely, 
secretary  and  treasu- 
rer, and  Robert  Cole- 
man, Jr.,  manager. 
The  firm  as  first  or- 
ganized was  known 
as  Parrish  &  Mellor, 
and  under  that  name 
it  was  continued  for  a  year. 

The  firm  name  was  then  changed  to  Mellor  &  Rittenhouse, 
and  under  that  title  it  operated  until  1S87,  when  it  was  re- 
organized with  the  Mellor  &  Rittenhouse  Company.  The  business 
while  including  the  manufacture  of  various  chemicals  was  princi- 
pally- concerned  with  the  manufacture  of  licorice  in  its  various 
forms :  as  Spanish  and  Turkish  licorice  paste,  powdered  extract 
licorice,  powdered  licorice  root,  selected  licorice  root,  peeled 
licorice  root  (powdered),  M.  &  R.  stick  licorice,  licorice  lozenges. 
In  fact,  licorice  is  here  made  in  every  form  and  for  every  purpose. 
In  1876  the  Mellor  &  Rittenhouse  Company  received  the  Centennial 
Medal  awarded  for  "purity,  general  excellence  and  cheapness." 
At  Paris  at  the  exhibition  of  1S7S  it  had  the  highest  reward  for 
excellence.  The  trade  of  this  firm  extends  all  over  this  continent, 
and  throughout  Europe  to  Australia,  in  fact  it  has  a  business  all 
over  the  world,  and  it  is  conducted  strictly  by  jobbers.  One  of  the 
most  importaut  and  most  expensive  departments  connected  with 
the  Mellor  &  Rittenhouse  Company  is  that  which  involves  the  col- 
lection of  the  raw  materials.  This  is  brought  direct  by  ships  to  the 
Philadelphia  factory  from  Syria,  Turkey  in  Asia,  Spain  and  Sicily. 
This  company  have  competed  with  all  the  manufacturers  of  licorice 
in  the  world  and  have  in  every  case  carried  off  the  first  prize.     They 


GOSSLER  &  CO. 

The  establishment  of  the  immense  lumber  interests  concen- 
trated in  Philadelphia  is  largely  due  to  the  city's  splendid  geo- 
graphical position,  excellent  railroad  facilities,  and  great  advan- 
tages as  a  centre  of  trade.  Among  the  old  established  and  represen- 
tative firms  in  the  city  in  the  lumber  trade  is  that  of  Gossler  &  Co., 
whose  office  is  located  at  1404  South  Peun  Square.     This  firm  is  well 

and  favorably  known 
throughout  the  city 
and  State  by  the 
straightforward  and 
honorable  ^manner 
which  has  character- 
ized all  its  business 
transactions  from  its 
inception.  The  foun- 
dation of  its  business 
was  laid  in  1S67  by 
R.  S.  Brown,  J.  Y. 
Gossler,  and  Thomas 
B.  Loveland,  consti- 
tuting the  firm  of 
Brown,  Gossler  &  Co. 
In  1S73  Mr.  Brown 
retired  from  the  firm, 
after  which  the  busi- 
ness was  conducted 
under  the  name  of 
Gossler  &  Co.  Dur- 
ing the  thirteen 
years  following  Mr.  Brown's  retirement,  the  partnership  of  the 
house  remained  intact ;  then  it  was  broken  in  1SS6  by  the  with- 
drawal of  Mr.  Loveland,  leaving  Mr.  Gossler  in  entire  control  of 
the  large  and  extensive  business  that  had  been  built  up  by  an  active, 
energetic,  and  honest  career  of  nineteen  years.  Mr.  Gossler  has 
retained  the  firm  name  ever  since. 

From  the  time  the  firm  was  organized  up  to  1SS6,  the  house 
was  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  lumber  and  mill  work  of  almost 
every  description.  At  the  present  time  the  business  is  confined  to 
the  handling  of  lumber,  exclusively.  The  house  is  largely  inter- 
ested in  five  mills  in  the  mill  company  connected  with  M.  McClain 
Co.  This  firm  is  composed  of  McClain,  Gossler  &  Brown.  They 
own  several  large  mills  in  Virginia,  and  are  also  extensively  en- 
gaged in  the  manufacture  of  yellow  pine  lumber  in  North  Carolina. 
Through  these  prolific  resources  Gossler  &  Co.  are  enabled  to  sup- 
ply- their  trade  with  the  choicest  material  of  the  market  at  prices 
that  defy  competition.  Mr.  Gossler,  whose  experience  in  the  lum- 
ber trade  of  Philadelphia  covers  a  quarter  of  a  century,  is  a  native 
of  Northumberland  county.  His  ancestors  located  there  before 
the  Revolution,  and  among  the  heirlooms  that  have  been  passed 
down  through  several  generations,  is  a  fine  collection  of  Indian 
relics. 


Alfred  C.  Rex  &  Company's  Works 


176 


Philadelphia  and  popular  philadelphians. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


BELKNAP,  JOHNSON  &  POWELL  start  (the  result  of  the  first  year's  sales  being  over  a  quarter  of  a 

million  dollars')  that  they  were  compelled  to  enlarge  their  quarters 

The  extensive  umbrella  and  parasol  manufactory  of  Belknap,  by  adding  an  additional  floor  space  to  the  factory  and  again  in  three 
Johnson  &  Powell,  composed  of  Wills  H.  Belknap  of  New  York,  years  were  forced  to  add  another  room,  cutting  through  the  wall  to 
George  K.  Johnson  of  Philadelphia,  and  Webster  C.  Powell  of  the  top  floor  of  No.  619  Chestnut  street.  With  their  constantly  in- 
creasing business  this  was  found 
insufficient  and  in  1SS8  they  added 
the  two  remaining  floors  of  No. 
619,  which  then  gave  them  all  the 
upper  rooms  of  Nos.  617  and  619 
Chestnut  street,  which  has  so  far 
met  the  wants  of  the  business,  and 
has  accommodation  for  four  hun- 
dred employees.  The  business  has 
had  a  continuous  and  uninter- 
rupted growth,  the  firm  having 
from  the  beginning  devoted  es- 
pecial attention  to  making  good 
umbrellas  and  parasols  onlv,  and 
claim  to  sell  the  best  goods  that 
can  be  made  for  the  price.  The 
bulk  of  the  business  is  in  fine 
goods  which  take  first  rank  in  stvle 
and  quality. 

This  house  has  growu  to  be 
one  of  the  leading  and  largest 
umbrella  and  parasol  manufactories 
in  America.  Mr.  Johnson  lives 
in  Philadelphia,  and  manages  the 
factory  and  Philadelphia  business 
while  Messrs.  Belknap  and  Powell 
attend  to  the  New  York  business 
which  is  now  very  large.  They 
organized  the  New  York  business 
in  1SS0,  at  the  same  time  they 
commenced  in  Philadelphia,  loca- 
ting at  Nos.  64  and  66  Lispenard 
street,  which  soon  proving  too 
small,  they  added  rooms  for  stor- 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  began  business  on  October  1,  1S80,  they  having  age;  in  the  year  1SS9,  they  were  compelled  to  seek  larger 
from  boyhood  been  connected  with  the  well  known  house  of  Wil-  quarters,  moving  to  the  handsome  rooms  Nos.  42S,  430  and  432 
Ham  A.  Drown  &  Co.  Mr.  Belknap  and  Mr.  Powell  for  many  Broadway,  with  a  large  "  L,  "  on  Howard  street,  which  they 
years  as  partners  and  Mr.  Johnson  as  buyer  and  general  manager  of      now  occupy. 

the  manufactory.   Shortly  after  the  death  of  Mr.  W.  A.  Drown,  Sr.,  The  firm's  business   extends  to  every  State  in  the  Union. 

they  withdrew  from  the  old  house  and  organized  this  business  with  Mr.  Johnson  was  born  in  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  he  is  a  member  of 

ample  capital,  locating  in  one  of  the  buildings  they  still  occupy,       the  Board  of  Trade  and  Trustee  of  the  Penn  Mutual  Life  Insurance 
No.  617  Chestnut  street.     The  business  was  so  successful  from  the      Company. 


Belknap,  Johnson  &  Powell's  Umbrella  and  Parasol  Manufactor1. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


BARR  PUMPING  ENGINE  CO. 

Although  only  established  four  years  the  Barr Pumping  Engine 
Company,  which  has  extensive  works  on  the  Pennsylvania  Rail- 
road, near  Gennantown  Junction,  is  one  of  the  most  prosperous 
and  rapidly  developing  concerns  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia.  The 
company  was  organized  in  1SS7,  with  a  capital  stock  of  5200,000, 
which  is  preliminary  to  a  larger  capital  as  the  business  develops. 
The  officers  arc:  Samuel  R.  Marshall,  President ;  William  M.  Barr, 
Vice-President  and  Manager;  George  Burnham,  Jr.,  Treasurer; 
Samuel  R.  Marshall,  Jr.,  Secretary;  and  Directors:  John  Pitcairn, 
George  E.  Fletcher,  George  Burnham,  Howard  W.  Middletou, 
Frank  R.  Tobey  and  John  Fullerton.  The  company  is  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  hydraulic  engines  and  machines,  and  pumping 
machinery  of  all  kinds. 

If  hydraulic  engineering  had  accomplished  no  other  achieve- 
ment than  to  facilitate  the  introduction  of  pure  water  into  the 
houses  of  this  city,  it  would  be  fairly  entitled  to  a  first  place 
in  the  catalogue  of  useful  sciences.  But  it  has  done  much 
more  than  this  ;  it  lias  aided  in  a  thousand  ways  in   the  develop- 


pump  will  fit  any  other  rmmp  of  the  same  size  made  by  them.  The 
parts  which  are  subject  to  wear,  such  as  piston  rods,  plungers, 
plunger  rings,  valves  and  valve  seats,  are  the  parts  most  frequentlv 
needing  renewal.  By  a  system  of  manufacture  in  which  all  these 
several  parts  arc  made  exactly  alike,  duplicates  can  lie  forwarded  in 
advance  of  shutting  down  for  repairs  which  need  only  the  renewal 
of  worn-out  parts,  so  that  what  would  require  several  davs  can  be 
accomplished  in  a  few  minutes. 

More  attention  is  given  to  the  manufacture  of  duplex  pumping 
machinery  than  that  of  any  other  type.  Pumping  machinerv  from 
small  boiler  feed  pumps  to  water  works  pumping  engines  of  three 
millions  of  gallons  daily  capacity  are  constantly  m  the  course  of 
manufacture,  so  that  any  ordinary  size  of  pump  can  be  shipped  bv 
them  within  a  few  days  after  the  receipt  of  an  order. 

This  company  pays  especial  attention  to  the  designing  and 
manufacture  of  pumping  machinery  for  steel  works,  furnaces  and 
rolling  mills.  Many  pumping  engines  of  their  manufacture  arc 
now  working  continuously  on  pressures  of  two  thousand  pounds 
per  square  inch  and  upward.  For  mines  the  duplex  pump  is 
admirably   suited,    and   the    designs    produced    bv    this   company 


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ment  of  the  material  resources  of  all  civilized  peoples.  The  hand- 
ling of  water  in  large  quantities,  or  under  high  pressures,  is  one  of 
the  most  difficult  problems  with  which  the  engineer  has  to  deal. 
hence  the  design  and  construction  of  hydraulic  engines  and  ma- 
chines should  be  entrusted  only  to  specialists  and  such  manufactur- 
ing establishments  as  arc  competent  to  deal  with  such  problems. 

The  enviable  position  which  Pennsylvania  has  long  enjoved  as 
a  manufacturing  State,  and  Philadelphia  as  a  manufacturing  citv, 
would  naturally  result  in  the  development  of  an  establishment  de- 
voted exclusively  to  hydraulic  engineering.  The  Barr  Pumping 
Engine  Company  was  organized  and  capitalized  for  the  purpose  ot 
manufacturing  pumping  machinerv  for  water  works,  sewerage  svs- 
tems,  mines,  furnaces,  rolling  mills,  steel  works,  sugar  refineries, 
hydraulic  elevators,  hydraulic  forging,  and  other  industries  covering 
the  whole  range  of  the  industrial  arts.  The  works  are  located  011  the 
Pennsylvania  Railroad,  at  Nineteenth  street  and  Lehigh  avenue  ; 
that  portion  of  the  works  next  the  railroad  is  shown  in  the  accom- 
panying engraving.  The  works  are  thoroughly  equipped  with  the 
latest  and  best  special  machinery  and  appliances  for  the  exact  dupli- 
cation of  parts,  so  that  all  pumping  machinery  made  by  this  com- 
pany is  constructed  on  a  strictlv  interchangeable  system,  and  so  far 
has  this  method  of  manufacture  been  developed  that  any  part  of  a 


have  not  been  surpassed  by  those  of  any  other  builders.  The 
drilling  of  artesian  w-ells  at  great  depths,  in  order  to  obtain  a 
supplv  of  pure  water,  has  made  a  demand  for  a  special  pump 
which  can  be  operated  at  great  depths.  This  company  lias  been 
very  successful  in  the  introdui  lion  of  pumping  machinerv  of  this 
class,  and  it  furnishes  artesian  veil  pumps  suited  for  depths  from 
100  to  2,000  feet. 

The  industry  employs  200  specially  skilled  workmen,  and  this 
does  not  include  the  foundry  and  brass  work,  which  is  done  by  con- 
tract. Pumps  are  shipped  to  the  Pacific  Coast,  Mexico,  and  all 
parts  of  the  country,  and  agencies  have  'ecu  established  in  New 
York,  New  England,  Chicago.  New  Orleans,  Kansas  City  and  San 
Francisco.  Only  the  best  class  of  customers  are  sought  for.  and 
large  engineering  operations  are  dune  bv-  special  orders.  The  de- 
velopment of  this  important  business  has  been  very  rapid,  and  it  is 
the  only  one  of  its  particular  class  in  the  citv.  The  success  at- 
tained is  almost  entirely  due  to  the  energy  and  business  tact  of  Mr. 
William  M.  Barr,  who  has  the  sole  management.  Mr.  Barr  has 
gained  his  experience  in  the  scientific  engineering  works  of  New 
York,  and  the  knowledge  he  has  thus  obtained  has  contributed 
greatly  to  the  development  and  increase  of  the  business  of  the  Barr 
Pumping  Engine  Company. 


17S 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


QUAKER  CITY  OIL  COMPANY 

One  of  the  representative  business  houses  of  the  Quaker  City 
is  the  Quaker  City  Oil  Company,  the  well  known  refiners  of  petro- 
leum under  the  new  process,  manufacturers  of  lubricating  oils,  and 
machinerv  and  signal  oils  of  the  higher  grades.  The  company  has 
several  establishments  to  carry  on  its  business.  The  main  office  is 
situated  at  No.  9  North  Front  street,  the  refinery  at  Second  street 
and  Erie  avenue,  and  the  lubricating  oil  works  at  Third  and  Venan- 
go streets. 

The  enterprise  was  established  in  1S79,  an(i  incorporated  in 
18S6,  and  it  is  the  outcome  of  the  energy  and  push  of  Mr.  John 
Gill,  Jr.,  the  present  Secretary  and  Treasurer  of  the  Company,  to 
whose  industry  its  success  is  mainly  due. 

Mr.  John  Gill,  Jr. ,  was  born  in  New  Jersey,  and  he  is  a  grand- 
son of  the  late  venerable  bank  president  whose  name  he  bears.  Mr. 
Gill  has  had  a  thorough  practical  experience  in  the  oil  business  and 
possesses  an  intimate  knowl- 
edge of  the  requirements  of 
the  market.  He  is  held  in 
much  esteem  and  confidence  in 
the  trade  and  is  one  of  Phila- 
delphia's most  honored  citi- 
zens. He  was  one  of  the  orig- 
inators of  the  Petroleum  Ex- 
change, and  a  member  of  the 
first  board  of  directors.  He  is 
also  among  the  prominent 
merchants  who  so  strongly 
advocate  the  scheme  of  a  Phil- 
adelphia Bourse. 

The  Company  is  the  best 
known  in  the  business  and  it 
maintains  a  reputation  for 
keeping  a  splendid  stock  of 
lubricating,  kerosene,  wool, 
tanners'  machinery,  cylinder, 
journal,  spindle,  sewing  ma- 
chine, signal  and  other  oils. 
The  lubricating  oils  work 
splendidly  on  machinery; 
they  contain  no  acid  or  alkali 
to  corrode,  or  grit  to  wear  out 
the  metal,  but  they  are  lasting 
and  cleanly,  promoting  smooth 
running  in  the  highest  degree. 
The  Company  is  determined  to 
maintain  its  high  reputation 
by  dealing  only  in  the  very 
best  oils  at  the  lowest  possible 
prices,  aud  it  never  trades  in 
low  grade  or  inferior  oils.  The 
result  has  been  that  a  large  and 
increasing  trade  has  gradually 
but  surely  been  built  up,  and 
the  business  connections  ex- 
tend not  only  all  over  the 
United  States,  but  it  exports 
oils  to  Europe,  South  America 
and  the  West  Indies,  regular 
correspondence  being  carried 
on    with   all   these    countries. 

In  addition  to  this  the  Company  is  in  continual  correspondence 
with  refineries  in  the  oil  regions  of  Pennsylvania  from  which  it  an- 
nuallv  draws  large  supplies  of  goods  specially  prepared  for  the  class 
of  trade  done. 

Mr.  Gill  has  personally  travelled  at  frequent  intervals  abroad, 
visiting  all  the  great  oil  centres  and  making  himself  familiar  with 
the  wants  of  foreign  buyers,  so  that  the  Company  is  always  pre- 
pared to  furnish  the  special  products  that  may  be  required  for  each 
locality.  They  furthermore  take  a  special  pride  in  maintaining  a 
uniformity  in  the  quality  of  their  shipments  as  well  as  a  studied 
liberality  in  their  dealings  with  their  customers.  The  company 
has  consequently  rendered  itself  particularly  necessary  to  distant 
buyers,  who  have  to  depend  to  a  considerable  extent  upon  the 
shipper  to  protect  their  interests,  to  keep  them  at  all  times  posted 
in  the  market  changes,  and  to  supply  them  with  the  very  best 
qualities  of  the  American  production.  By  this  manner  of  conduct- 
ing its  business  the  Quaker  City  Oil  Company  has  acquired  a  con- 
nection that  few  other  oil  companies  can  boast  of,  and  it  has  gained 
a  high  reputation  wherever  the  finest  class  of  oils  are  bought  and 
sold.     All  this  success  has  been  achieved  through  the  industry  and 


»RD    D 


business  tact  of  John  Gill,  Jr.,  who  manages  each  of  the  separate 
establishments  of  the  Company  with  marked  ability  and  the  most 
gratifying  results.  The  Quaker  City  Oil  Company  is  a  good  repre- 
sentative of  one  of  Pennsylvania's  most  important  products,  which 
has  made  the  fortune  of  thousands  and  has  rendered  the  name  of 
the  State  familiar  to  every  reader  on  the  face  of  the  globe.  So  long 
as  the  Company  remains  under  its  present  management,  so  long 
will  it  continue  to  thrive  and  to  extend  its  business  transactions  to 
all  parts  of  the  world. 

EDWARD  DARBY  &  SONS 

The  firm  of  Edward  Darby  &  Sons,  manufacturers  of  wire  goods 
and  wire  cloth,  on  Arch  street,  was  established  by  Mr.  Edward 
Darby,  senior,  who  was  born  in  Birmingham,  England,  in  1S23. 
He  came  to  this  country  in  1S47,  when  only  25  years  old,  and  at 
once  began  an  active  business  career.  In  1854  Mr.  Darby  entered 
into  partnership  with  Mr.  Jo- 
seph Bayliss,  under  the  firm 
name  of  Bayliss  &  Darby,  for 
the  manufacture  of  wire  goods, 
wire  cloth  and  wire  work  in 
general.  The  business  was 
started  on  a  small  scale  on  Arch 
street  above  Front,  but  it  soon 
increased,  and  in  1857  a  move 
was  made  to  more  spacious 
quarters  at  No.  226  Arch  street, 
where  the  firm  branched  out 
into  the  manufacture  of  wire 
work  and  iron  railings,  and  a 
large  variety  of  household 
goods  and  garden  furniture. 
Business  continued  to  increase 
and  again  a  larger  building  be- 
came necessary.  This  time  a 
large  building  was  rented  at 
No.  231  Arch  street,  where  the 
business  still  further  developed 
and  consolidated. 

In  1875  the  firm  dissolved 
partnership,  Mr.  Joseph  Bay- 
liss retiring  and  Mr.  Darby 
taking  his  eldest  son,  Mr.  Ed- 
ward J.  Darby,  into  partner- 
ship, the  name  of  the  firm 
being  changed  to  Edward 
Darby  &  Son.  Prosperity  still 
favored  the  firm,  and  in  a  short 
time  a  large  and  commodious 
factory  was  erected  at  Nos.  1 13 
and  115  Bread  street,  where 
over  fifty  men  were  constantly 
kept  employed.  In  1S87  an- 
other change  was  made,  when 
Mr.  Edward  Darby,  senior, 
took  his  two  other  sons  into 
the  business,  Messrs.  Henry  F. 
Darby  and  George  B.  Darby, 
under  the  name  of  Edward 
Darby  &  Sons.  Then  in  iSSS 
the  present  handsome  store 
and  offices  were  erected,  which,  in  connection  with  the  factories, 
rendered  it  the  largest  and  most  important  establishment  for  the 
manufacture  of  wire  goods  in  Philadelphia.  The  firm  employ 
one  hundred  and  twenty-five  men,  and  their  trade  has  extended 
to  every  State  in  the  Union,  to  Canada,  aud  to  many  parts 
of  South  America.  Various  branches  of  iron  and  wire  work  have 
been  added  at  various  times  ;  they  manufacture  oruaniental  and  cast 
iron  work,  fire  escapes,  entrance  gates,  etc.,  grille  work,  crestings, 
iron  and  wire  window  guards,  brass,  copper,  steel  and  iron  wire 
cloth,  sieves,  riddles  and  serenes,  extra  heavy  locomotive  wire 
netting,  wrought  iron  bedsteads,  poultry  netting,  coal  and  sand 
screens,  bank  and  office  railings,  wire  stall  partitions  and  hotel 
fittings,  art  metal  work  in  brass,  bronze  and  iron.  The  firm  of 
Messrs.  Darby  &  Sons  are  large  importers  of  miners'  supplies  and 
fancy  iron  work  generally.  The  success  of  this  thriving  firm  is  to 
be  attributed  to  Mr.  Edward  Darby,  senior,  who  came  here  without 
means,  and  who  has  now  established  a  great  firm  by  his  natural 
abilitv  and  integrity  combined  with  industry  and  economy.  The 
Messrs.  Darby  are'  members  of  the  Trade  League  and  Operative 
Builders'  Association. 


UFACTORY 


179 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


HANCE  BROTHERS  &  WHITE 

Hance  Brothers  &  White,  manufacturing  pharmaceutists  and 
chemists,  covering  the  block  bounded  by  Callowhill,  Marshall, 
Seventh  and  Willow  streets.  The  business  of  this  firm  was  estab- 
lished by  the  senior  member,  Edward  H.  Hance,  in  1S55.  He  com- 
menced at  the  corner  of  Callowhill  street  and  old  York  road,  and 
remained  there  for  about  three  years  when  he  moved  his  business 
to  Arch  street  west  of  Sixth.  Soon  after  that  removal  he  was  joined 
in  business  by  his  brother,  Joseph  C.  Hance,  and  J.  Clarkson 
Griffith  ;  the  firm  name  then  being  changed  to  Hance,  Griffith  &  Co. 

They  remained  in  this  location  until  about  1S60,  when  they  re- 
moved to  North  street  west  of  Fifth.  At  that  place  they  continued 
enlarging  their  business  until  its  growth  demanded  more  ample 
quarters  which  were  found  at  the  property  now  occupied  ;  to  this 
they  removed  in  1S69.     In  1870  the  firm  was  reorganized  by   J. 


attained  a  degree  of  prominence  equalled  by  few  others  in  this  line 
of  industry  ;  and  have  reached  a  degree  of  excellence  unsurpassed 
by  those  of  any  country  in  the  world.  In  all  of  the  international 
exhibitions  that  this  firm  have  participated,  they  have  been 
awarded  the  highest  medals.  One  of  the  prizes  which  is  esteemed 
of  the  greatest  value  is  the  gold  prize  awarded  this  firm  for  the  best 
general  exhibit  before  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association. 
This  was  the  only  prize  ever  awarded  at  any  of  the  exhibitions 
connected  with  the  annual  meetings  of  that  Association. 

The  value  of  an  award  depends  so  entirely  upon  the  qualifica- 
tions of  the  judges,  that  it  carries  little  or  much  significance  to 
those  who  appreciate  this  fact.  The  American  Pharmaceutical  As- 
sociation is  made  up  of  practical  chemists  and  apothecaries;  includ- 
ing eminent  writers,  teachers  and  investigators. 

The  judgment  of  a  committee  constituted  by  such  a  body  is 
fairly  entitled  to  a  respect  not  accorded  to  the  awards  of  the  average 


Hance  Brothers  &  White's  Manufactorv 


Clarkson  Griffith  retiring  from  it  and  Dr.  James  W.  White  join- 
ing the  Hance  Brothers,  when  the  firm  name  was  changed  to  Hance 
Brothers  &  White.  That  firm  continued  under  the  same  style,  with 
the  addition,  in  1S82,  to  its  membership  of  Anthony  M.  Hance,  a 
son  of  the  senior  member,  until  its  termination  by  the  death  of  Dr. 
James  W.  White  in  May,  189 1.  While  the  firm  name  remains  the 
same  it  now  consists  of  Edward  H.  Hance,  Joseph  C.  Hance  and 
Anthony  M.  Hance. 

Since  the  removal  to  the  present  locality  the  business  has 
grown  gradually,  demanding  more  extended  accommodations,  until 
now  the  premises  consist  of  twelve  commodious,  substantial  build- 
ings, arranged  especially  for  the  various  classes  of  manufacture 
embraced  in  the  business  of  pharmaceutical  chemistry.  The  block 
is  taken  up  with  powerful  engines,  electric  light  plant,  fire-proof 
vaults,  artesian  well,  trackage  and  various  conveniences  for  a  busi- 
ness of  this  nature,  yet  affords  room  for  the  further  growth  of  this 
pushing  and  enterprising  firm. 

The  products  of  this  house  enjoy  an  enviable  reputation  ;  have 


committee  of  State,  National  and  International  exhibitions. 
These,  however  fairly  inclined,  have  not  the  special  fitness  (for  in- 
telligent comparison  of  the  products  submitted  to  their  inspection) 
possessed  by  so  qualified  a  committee  as  that  of  the  American  Phar- 
maceutical Association.  Therefore  Hance  Brothers  &  White  may  be 
pardoned  the  expression  of  special  gratification  in  having  been  es- 
teemed deserving  of  so  notable  an  indorsement  of  their  products. 

The  laboratories  and  mill  house  of  this  firm  are  models  of 
completeness  both  in  general  plan  and  petfection  of  apparatus  and 
machinery.  The  buildings  are  remarkably  well  constructed,  com- 
modious and  convenient ;  each  department  of  the  business — while 
being  under  the  general  supervision  of  the  members  of  the  firm — is 
conducted  under  the  management  of  skilled  chemists  and  pharma- 
ceutists, graduates  in  pharmacy.  With  these  special  advantages  for 
manufacturing,  and  the  generous  recognition  by  the  trade  of  supe- 
riority of  the  products,  the  large  and  increasing  business  of  this 
house  is  not  to  be  wondered  at.  E.  H.  Hance  is  one  of  the  incor- 
porators and  directors  in  the  Philadelphia  Bourse,  an  ex-president 
and  one  of  the  most  active  officers  of  the  Drug  Exchange. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


C.  A.  BLESSING 

In  the  manufacture  of  sanitary  specialties  and  plumbers'  goods 
there  is  no  house  in  this  city  more  prominent  than  that  of  Mr.  C. 
A.  Blessing's,  whose  factory  is  located  on  Montgomery  avenue, 
from  Sixth  to  Randolph  streets.  The  buildings  are  five  stories, 
built  of  brick,  112  feet  on  Randolph  street,  221  feet  on  Montgomery 
avenue,  and  136  feet  on  Sixth  street,  with  a  floor  space  of  about 
66,600  square  feet,  and  in  connection  with  these  extensive  premises 
there  is  also  a  lumber  yard  on  the  east  side  of  Randolph  street.  In 
addition  to  the  above  premises  Mr.  Blessing  owns  the  five-story 
brick  building  No.  625  Arch  street,  which  is  used  as  a  show-room 
and  salesroom,  which  is  a  great  convenience  to  both  the  local  and 
out-of-town  trade.  It  is  by  far  the  largest  and  finest  place  of  the 
kind  in  the  city,  and  contains  an  unequalled  stock  of  everything 


The  iron  foundry  of  the  establishment,  which  is  located  at 
Salem,  N.  J.,  turns  out  the  different  kinds  of  pipe,  fittings,  sink 
and  special  castings  required  in  the  plumbing  business,  and  it  has 
direct  communication  by  water  and  the  West  Jersey  Railroad  for 
shipping  goods  to  any  part  of  the  United  States. 

Mr.  Blessing  claims  for  his  soil  pipe  and  fittings  very  smooth 
surface  both  in  and  outside.  In  the  closet  department  a  full  line 
of  brass  work  and  fixtures  for  water  closets,  tanks,  and  specialties 
of  all  kinds  are  made.  New  styles  of  water  closets  are  continually 
added  to  the  already  long  list  of  different  styles  turned  out  by 
this  establishment.  Among  the  many  novelties  introduced  by 
this  enterprising  manufacturer  one  of  general  interest  to  architects, 
plumbers  and  builders  is  the  "  Conqueror  Trap,"  for  bath  tubs, 
basins,  etc.  It  is  claimed  by  the  inventor  that  it  is  an  absolute 
safeguard  against  sewer  gas  entering  through  the  fixture  attached, 


C.  A.  Blessing's  Works 


coming  under  the  heading  of  plumbers'  goods  and  sanitary  earthen- 
ware and  improved  fixtures  in  brass,  iron,  copper,  nickel,  silver 
and  wood-work. 

One  of  the  features  of  this  factory  is  the  cabinet  wood-work  de- 
partment, where  all  kind  of  interior  work  is  made  for  bath-rooms, 
store,  saloon  and  bar  fixtures,  etc. ,  in  all  kinds  of  wood  and  different 
styles,  designs  and  finish.  The  metal  work  for  these  fixtures  is 
applied  to  same  by  skilful  mechanics  of  the  metal  work  department. 

We  learn  that  the  excellence  of  the  "  Blessing"  make  of  goods, 
such  as  patent  copper  and  nickel  bath-tubs,  foot  and  sitz  baths,  and 
fixtures  for  same,  copper  and  galvanized  iron  boilers,  oval  and 
square  bottom  sinks,  shower  baths,  copper  lined  and  cast  iron  tanks 
for  water-closets  and  other  purposes,  handsome  in  pattern  and 
design,  is  recognized  not  only  all  over  the  United  States  but  also 
in  Canada,  South  America  and  other  foreign  countries,  and  is 
continually  becoming  more  widely  known  and  appreciated,  as 
evidenced  by  the  large  number  of  orders  continuallv  coming  in 
from  all  sections  of  the  countrv. 


as  it  has  a  double  seal  formed  by  the  cup  valve,  and  also  by  the  four 
inches  of  water  contained  therein,  which  is  especially  designed  for 
bath  tubs  and  basins.  When  nickel-plated  all  the  attachments  are 
verv  ornamental  in  appearance,  as  well  as  absolutely  essential  to 
the  sanitary  condition  of  the  dwelling. 

Another  exceedingly  useful  and  sanitary  invention  is  the  pat- 
ent combination  of  overflow  plug,  trap  vent  and  waste  coupling 
attachment  to  bath  tubs,  which  is  a  great  saving  of  labor  to  the 
plumber  in  setting  the  tub,  thus  lessening  the  cost  to  the  builder 
and  owner.  Copper-lined  bath  tubs,  fitted  with  Blessing's  patent 
trap  vent  waste  and  overflow  are  provided  with  removable  plug. 
The  overflow  opening  of  this  tub  combination  is  oval,  and  stamped 
direct  through  the  metal,  thus  avoiding  the  soldering  of  a  strainer 
over  the  old-stvle,  round  overflow  opening.  This  overflow  will 
carry  off  water  in  less  than  half  the  time  of  the  old  style.  The 
trap  is  provided  with  a  screw  and  the  overflow  with  a  removable 
cap  for  the  purpose  of  cleaning.  Another  valuable  improvement  is 
Blessing's  patent  improved  gas  and  back-water  trap  or  safety  valve 


1S1 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


and  clean-out,  to  prevent  the  entry  of  sewer  gas  into  the  house 
pipes  or  back-water  where  the  situation  is  low.  It  is  easily  cleaned, 
has  an  unobstructible  passage,  and  as  it  is  very  simple  in  construc- 
tion, is  not  liable  to  get  out  of  order.  Its  value  as  a  handy  clean- 
out  alone  is  worth  more  than  the  price  charged  for  the  whole 
article.  Among  other  improvements  to  the  modern  bath  tub  is 
Blessing's  patent  recess  waste,  which,  as  a  sanitary  invention,  is 
exceedingly  popular,  doing  away  with  the  old  stand-pipe  and  the 
nearly  always  fouled  overflow  pipe.  With  a  slight  turn  of  the 
waste  pipe  the  tub  empties  rapidly,  and  the  waste  pipe  can  easily  be 
removed  and  cleaned.  The  above  are  only  a  few  of  the  very  many 
novelties  found  in  this  well-known  manufactory  that  will  be  of 
general  interest. 

Mr.  Blessing  has  been  the  sole  proprietor  of  this  extensive  busi- 
ness ever  since  1S73.  He  is  a  man  of  splendid  business  qualifica- 
tions, and  personally  one  of  the  most  popular  men  in  the  plumbing 
supplv  trade.  The  first  catalogue  of  plumbers'  copper  goods,  bath 
tubs,  etc.,  ever  sent  out  to  the  trade  was  issued  by  him  ;  he  invented 
and  made  the  first  bath  tub  with  rounded  bottoms  and  without  the 
long  objectionable  bottom  seams,  which  invention  he  had  patented, 
and  his  tubs  are  used  all  over  the  country.  All  other  manufacturers 
have  adopted  the  patterns,  sizes  and  styles  established  by  him  iu 
the  line  of  copper  and  wood-work.  Mr.  Blessingis  the  only  man  in 
the  trade  who  has  issued  a  catalogue  with  a  full  line  of  cabinet 
wood-work  for  plumbers,  and  has  invented  and  patented  numerous 
improvements  of  the  greatest  merit  and  value. 

He  was  born  in  Germany,  where  he  was  apprenticed  to  learn 
the  general  metal  business,  and  after  serving  out  his  time  came  to 
the  United  States  and  worked  at  different  places  at  his  trade  until 
he  started  in  the  tinware  business  in  New  York  City,  after  which  he 
came  to  Philadelphia  in  1S66,  and  commenced  manufacturing  a 
varietv  of  plumbers'  goods  of  his  own  design  and  invention,  which 
have  been  patenteil  by  him  and  are  iu  general  use  at  the  present  day. 
In  business  circles  Mr.  Blessing  is  highly  respected.  He  is  a  man 
of  untiring  energy  and  practical  skill,  anil  is  thoroughly  conversant 
with  everv  feature  and  detail  of  his  business. 


JESSb'P  &  MOORE  PAPER  COMPANY 


Nearly  half  a  century  has  passed  since  the  well  known  corpo- 
ration known  as  the  Jessup  ^;  Moore  Paper  Company  was  establish- 
ed. It  was  in  1S43  that  Augustus  E.  Jessup  and  Blooinfield  H. 
Moore  formed  a  partnership  for  the  purpose  of  manufacturing  and 
selling  all  sorts  of  paper  and  paper  stock.  Philadelphia  was  then 
a  comparatively  undeveloped  city  to  what  it  is  now,  and  as  the 
Quaker  city  increased  iu  size  ami  importance  so  did  the  business  of 
Jessup  &  Moore  thrive  and  extend.  As  the  business  nourished 
new  blood  was  infused  into  the  firm,  and  Alfred  D.  Jessup  and  Ed- 
ward A.  Jessup  were  taken  into  partnership.  The  firm  remained 
unchanged  until  1859  when  Alfred  D.  Tessup  and  Blooinfield  H. 
Moore  became  the  sole  proprietors.  The  business  continued  to  in- 
crease anil  flourish,  under  the  careful  management  of  these  two 
gentlemen,  until  1S70,  when  it  was  considered  one  of  the  most  solid 
and  important  mercantile  houses  in  the  city. 

Then  Mr.  Jessup  retired  from  the  cares  of  business  to  enjoy 
his  well  earned  riches,  and  Mr.  Moore  remained  as  the  sole  surviv- 
or of  the  original  firm.  After  eight  years  of  hard  work,  during 
which  he  still  further  added  to  the  importance  and  prosperity  of 
the  house,  Mr.  Moore  died  on  July  5,  187S.  In  December  of  the 
same  vear  the  business  was  formed  into  a  corporation  under  the 
title  of  the  Jessup  &  Moore  Paper  Co.,  the  officers  being,  President. 
C.  B.  Moore:  Vice  President,  D.  W.  Evans;  Secretary,  F.  W. 
McDowell,  and  Treasurer,  J.  R.  Moore.  No  changes  have  been 
made  in  the  personnel  of  the  Company  for  the  last  thirteen  years, 
and  the  business  has  been  still  further  extended  and  enlarged.  Mr. 
McDowell  is  the  most  active  worker  of  the  Company  and  he  has 
closely  followed  in  the  footsteps  of  the  original  members  of  the 
firm,  with  the  same  proportion  of  success. 

The  Company  now  has  a  large  and  handsome  store  at  No.  2S 
South  Sixth  street,  another  in  the  Bennett  Building  in  New  York, 
and  it  owns  four  large  manufacturing  establishments :  the  Augus- 
tine Mill,  at  Wilmington,  Delaware;  the  Delaware  Mill,  also  at 
Wilmington  ;  the  Rockland  Mill,  at  Rockland,  Delaware  ;  and  the 
Chester  mill,  at  Modcna,  Pa.  From  these  establishments  paper  of 
all  kinds  is  turned  out  daily  in  large  quantities,  anil  the  demand  is 
so  great  that  the  mills  are  kept  on,  with  a  double  staff  of  workmen, 
night  and  day.  It  is  estimated  that  125,000  pounds  of  paper  is 
produced  by  the  Company  every  twenty-four  hours-  This  vast  pro- 
duct is  sent  all  over  the  country  and  is  a  sure  testimony  of  the  size 
and  importance  of  the  Jessup  ci  Moore  Company. 


J.  C.  GRAHAM  &  CO. 

The  house  of  J.  C.  Graham  &  Co.,  manufacturers  of  drapery 
and  dress  trimmings,  upholstery  goods  and  plushes,  has  its  factory 
at  Nineteenth  and  Hamilton  streets,  Philadelphia,  where  are  also 
situated  its  sales  rooms.  It  has  branches  at  No.  330  Church  street, 
New  York,  and  Nos.  106  and  ioS  Wabash  avenue,  Chicago.  The 
business  was  started  in  a  modest  way.  John  C.  Graham,  the 
founder,  was  born  at  Paisley,  Scotland,  on  June  23,  1S26.  He  was 
about  eight  years  of  age  when  he  was  brought  to  America  bv  his 
parents,  John  and  Margaret  Graham.  Thev  landed  in  New  York, 
and  there  remained  until  i.>43,  when  they  came  to  Philadelphia. 
In  New  York  the  boy  attended  the  public  school,  and  upon  reaching 
Philadelphia  he  had  the  foundation  for  a  good  education.  Remain- 
ing at  school  in  Philadelphia  for  some  time  he  then  obtained  em- 
ployment as  a  carpet  and  rug  weaver.  During  his  nineteenth  year 
while  he  was  out  of  employment  he  used  the  knowledge  and  infor- 
mation he  had  gained  at  school  in  improvising  a  hand  loom  at  his 
home.  His  mechauical  and  inventive  talent  was  clearly  evident, 
he  used  a  clothes-horse  for  a  frame  and  a  stick  for  a  shuttle,  almost 
every  household  utensil  was  brought  into  play  in  the  most  ingenious 
and  original  manner.  The  rolling  pin  and  the  lid  of  a  flour  barrel 
were  brought  into  service  and  the  treadles  were  made  from  the  clothes 
props.  Before  actually  completing  his  hand  loom,  he  returned  to 
work  at  carpet  weaving  and  remained  with  his  then  employer 
until  1847.  I'1  that  year  his  father  started  a  comparatively  small 
business  at  Fourth  and  Oxford  streets.  There  were  but  two  looms 
for  the  manufacture  of  tidy  cotton  fringe.  The  business  succeeded, 
but  young  Mr.  Graham  preferred  to  withdraw  partially  from  the 
partnership  with  his  father,  having  secured  work  at  saw  making. 
His  thorough  devotion  to  his  business,  his  energy  and  industry,  is 
shown  that  for  four  years,  while  he  remained  at  saw-making  as  a 
workman,  after  returning  home  at  night  he  assisted  his  father  in 
running  the  looms.  His  intercourse  with  his  father  through  all 
this  time  was  very  close  and  after  leaving  the  saw  factory  he  re- 
entered the  old  business  and  was  his  father's  partner  until  the 
lattcr's  death  in  1857.  There  were  many  changes  and  improve- 
ments iu  the  business  during  these  various  years.  Iu  1S50  J.  C. 
Graham  &  Co.  were  located  on  Cherry  street  above  Sixth.  After 
the  death  of  his  father,  Mr.  Graham  while  carrying  on  the  business 
in  his  own  name  was  materially  assisted  bv  his  sister.  Her  knowl- 
edge of  the  wants  and  wishes  and  peculiarities  of  women  was  of 
the  utmost  importance  as  they  were  then  principally  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  dress  trimmings,  fringes,  tassels,  cords  and 
upholstery  trimmings.  Business  continued  to  increase  and  the 
factory  was  removed  to  Nos.  525  and  527  Cherry  street,  where  al- 
though they  occupied  greater  facilities  were  soon  imperative,  and  in 
1879  they  added  the  five-story  buildings  Nos.  507  10513  Cherry 
street.  When  this  addition  was  made  there  was  introduced  con- 
siderable new  machinery  for  the  purpose  of  the  manufacture  of 
undertakers'   trimmings. 

The  increase  in  the  demand  for  upholstery  goods  also  required 
additional  new  and  improved  machinery.  The  business  being  now 
permanently  established  and  constantly  growing,  in  1SS5  Mr. 
Graham  began  the  erection  of  the  present  extensive  factory  at 
Nineteenth  and  Hamilton  streets.  It  is  designed  expressly  tor 
the  business,  was  so  built,  and  the  architect  following  the  sugges- 
tion of  the  practical  experience  of  Mr.  Graham,  the  buildings  are 
therefore  most  completely  and  thoroughly  equipped.  The  struc- 
ture is  of  an  attractive  appearance  and  five  stories  high.  It  is  built 
of  brick  with  granite  trimmings  and  covers  54  x  196  feet  of  ground. 
The  construction  is  such  that  there  is  plenty  of  light  on  all  sides 
and  the  ventilation  is  perfect.  The  average  height  between  floor 
and  ceilings  of  the  different  stories  is  thirteen  and  a  half  feet. 
There  are  two  business  offices  fitted  up  in  artistic  style  being 
finished  in  natural  wood  and  front  on  both  thoroughfares.  There 
is  constant  employment  given  to  over  300  hands.  The  recent  addi- 
tions of  departments  include  facilities  for  the  manufacture  of  every 
line  of  upholsteries  including  fringes,  trimmings,  cords,  loops, 
fancv  fringes,  table  covers,  tapestry  borders,  Jersey  flannel,  carriage 
trimmings,  etc.  Mr.  Graham  was  prominent  in  Masonic  circles. 
He  was  a  manager  of  the  Masonic  Home,  was  connected  with  every 
interest  in  which  the  fraternity  are  concerned.  He  was  Grand 
Commauder  of  the  Order  of  the  American  Legion  of  Honor  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1883.  He  was  one  of  the  first  to  urge  the  impor- 
tance of  the  establishment  of  the  Manufacturers'  Club  in  Philadel- 
phia. He  died  at  Atlantic  City.  N.  J.,  iu  the  sixty-second  year  of 
his  age,  on  May  17,  1888. 

Mr.  Graham  was  married  on  May  26,  1864,  to  Miss  Fanny 
Carncs.  His  widow  and  oldest  son  J.  Wallace  Graham  now  carry 
on  the  business,  Mr.  J.  W.  Graham  assuming  the  personal  manage- 
ment and  giving  all  his  time  to  conducting  its  affairs, 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


GERMANTOWN  SPINNING  CO. 

The  handsome  new  mill  of  the  Germantown  Spinning  Com- 
pany, at  Walnut  Lane  Station,  is  a  general  source  of  wonder  and 
admiration  to  all  passengers  on  the  Philadelphia  &  Reading  Rail- 
road, and  is  a  splendid  illustration  of  the  great  progress  made  in 
cotton  spinning  in  this  country  within  the  last  decade.  The  mills 
were  erected  by  Frank  E.  Patterson  and  Oscar  \V.  Wood,  and  the 
Company  was  incorporated  in  January,  1890,  for  the  purpose  of 
spinning  cotton  hosiery  yarns  for  sale  to  manufacturers.  Over  100 
hands  are  employed  and  "the  17,000  spindles  produce  on  the  average 
40,000  pounds  per  week. 

The  mill,  which  is  situated  on  High  street,  Germantown,  is 
along  the  side  of  the  railroad  and  is  very  ornamental  in  design. 
It  is  built  of  Germantown  blue-stone  with  red  brick  finishings,  and 
covers  an  area  of  227  feet  by  127  feet,  being  two  stories  high  with 
large  cellars  and  an  L  addition  70  feet  by  40  feet.  The  buildings 
were  designed  and  erected  under  the  superintendence  and  special 
supervision  of  C.  R.  Makepiece  &  Co.,  of  Providence,  Rhode  Is- 
land, and  it  is  complete  in  every  detail.     Particular  attention  has 


H.  K.  WAMPOLE  &  CO. 

The  well  known  firm  of  Henry  K.  Wampole  &  Co. ,  manufactur- 
ing chemist-,  and  wholesale  importers  of  druggists'  sundries,  glass- 
ware, etc.,  was  established  in  1S72.  The  firm  has  large  offices  and  a 
store  at  No.  135  Arch  street,  and  a  laboratory  at  No.  441  Green  street, 
thoroughly  equipped  with  all  the  latest  modern  appliances.  The 
members  of  the  firm  are  Henry  K.  Wampole,  Albert  J.  Koch  and 
Samuel  Ross  Campbell.  Mr.  Wampole  is  a  native  of  Philadelphia, 
and  has  been  in  the  drug  business  all  his  life.  Mr.  Campbell  is  an 
expert  chemist,  and  was  one  of  the  originators  of  the  College  of 
Pharmacy,  one  of  the  best  institutions  of  its  kind  in  the  city.  For 
the  past  five  years  the  firm  have  devoted  special  attention  to  the 
preparation  of  and  manufacture  of  pharmaceutical  specialties. 
This  branch  of  the  business  being  under  the  personal  supervision 
of  Mr.  Samuel  Campbell,  and  it  has  grown  with  marvellous 
rapiditv.  The  business  now  occupies  the  attention  of  a  large 
number  of  salesmen  on  the  road,  covering  the  whole  of  the  United 
States.  The  firm  has  also  a  branch  in  Toronto,  Canada,  and  exten- 
sive business  relations  in  South  America. 


f. 


$  '*&mm-«r&&&mw  rvr-  ,|  ;»■'»!:*:■  i  irVhJ  sag 

MisliIISil|«#!^Miii^i 


Germantown  Spinning  Company's  Mill 


been  paid  to  the  comfort  and  health  of  the  operative,  and  the  sani- 
tary arrangements  are  as  near  perfection  as  possible.  The  machin- 
ery is  worked  by  a  450  horse  power  Corlis  engine,  built  by  C.  & 
G.  Cooper,  of  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio;  it  combines  the  maximum  of 
strength  with  economy  of  fuel  and  regularity  of  motion.  The 
driving  wheel  is  24  feet  in  diameter,  and  transmits  the  power  to  a  line 
of  shafting  by  a  leather  belt  199  feet  long  and  42  inches  in  width, 
which  required  500  hides  for  its  construction.  The  machinery  is  all 
new  and  of  the  best  construction  possible.  The  cards  number  fiftv- 
four  and  the  combs  are  for  the  production  of  the  finest  yarns. 

The  draw  frames  are  fitted  up  with  electric  stop  motion,  which 
stops  the  machine  on  the  breaking  of  a  sliver  or  the  least  irregular- 
ity in  the  supply,  insuring  a  regular  and  even  output.  The  mules 
are  made  by  Asa  Lees  &  Co.,  of  Oldham,  and  contain  17,000 
spindles.  The  mill  is  without  question  one  of  the  best  equipped  in  the 
country,  and  its  construction  is  mainlv  due  to  the  enterprise  and 
energy  of  Frank  E.  Patterson,  the  President  of  the  Company. 

Mr.  Patterson  is  a  grandson  of  old  General  Patterson,  who 
owned  the  Ripka  Mills  at  Manayunk,  he  is  thoroughly  experienced 
in  the  spinning  business  and  graduated  from  Swarthmore  College. 
He  is  associated  in  the  business  with  Oscar  W.  Wood,  who  is  the 
Treasurer  of  the  Company. 


Thev  also  make  a  full  line  of  fluid  extracts,  elixirs  and  pharma- 
ceutical preparations.  Among  the  most  noteil  and  valuable  of  the 
latter  are  a  tasteless  preparation  of  cod  liver  oil,  compound  syrup 
of  hvpophosphites,  hvpnobromic  compound,  granular  effervescent 
bromo-pyrine,  and,  more  especially,  Wampolc's  Glycerine  Sup- 
positories, which  are  9S  per  cent,  of  chemically  pure  glycerine 
placed  in  glass  tubes,  assuring  cleanliness  and  absolute  protection 
from  heat  and  moisture,  and  guaranteed  non-irritating.  These, 
however,  are  but  a  few  of  the  specialties  which  are  furnished  by 
this  enterprising  voung  firm,  and  thev  are  being  continually  added 
to  bv  the  research  and  activity  of  Mr.  Campbell  and  his  associates. 
The  business  has  grown  to  such  an  extent  that  it  has  exceeded  all 
the  most  sanguine  expectations  of  its  originators,  and  it  is  now  one 
of  the  most  sterling  and  highly  esteemed  concerns  of  its  kind  in 
the  city  of  Philadelphia.  The  three  partners  have  worked  hard  to 
achieve  the  great  success  they  have  so  quickly  attained,  and  they 
are  now  on  the  high  road  to  wealth  as  a  just  reward  of  their 
industry,  energv,  and  general  business  competency.  The  business 
is  a  peculiar  one,  and  absolutely  requires  that  personal  supervision 
and  constant  attention  which  Messrs.  Wampole  &  Co.  have  given 
to  it. 


183 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


WILLIAM  WHARTON,  Jr.,  &  CO.,  Incorporated 

The   origin   of  the   business  of  this  corporation  was  in  1S62, 
when  William  Wharton,  Jr.,  entered  into  the  construction  of  street 
railroads,   for  which   he    was   the   earliest   and   largest  contractor, 
building  many  of  the  principal  roads   in   New   York.  Philadelphia,       terest  to  tllc  reailer.     Amongthe  notable  works  which  created  great 
Wilmington   and   Baltimore.     The  construction  of  street  railroads      public   interest   may   be   mentioned   the   building  of  the  original 


such  as  switches,  frogs,  turnouts,  crossovers,  crossings,  turntables 
and  machinery  incident  to  this  work  of  every  description  ;  and  their 
work  is  in  use  on  nearly  if  not  all  of  the  principal  railroads  in  the 
country.  The  railroads  furnished  or  constructed  bv  this  Companv 
or  its  predecessors  are  so  numerous  that  it  is  impossible  to,  in  so 
short  an  article,  give  a  list  of  them,  nor  indeed   would   it  be  of  in- 


in  this  country  being  about  that  time  an  entire  novelty,  no  plants 
existed  where  the  different  articles  used  in  building  the  permanent 
way  could  be  obtained,  and  the  necessities  arising  for  a  high  quality 
of  material  eventually  compelled  Mr.  Wharton  to  start  works  of 
his   own  ;    these   were   of  course  on   a   limited   scale,  suited  to  the 


Broadway  Railroad,  by  this  corporation,  in  twenty-one  working 
days,  from  the  Battery  to  Fourteenth  street;  this  included  not 
only  the  building  of  the  railroad  proper,  but  the  repaying  of  Broad- 
way in  the  greatest  part  of  its  width  for  that  entire  distance.  In 
1S90  they  furnished  to  the  West  End  Street  Railway  Companv,  of 
Boston,   Massachusetts,   who  have    the    largest   electrical   railway 


small  wants  at  that  time.     He  continued  the  business  in   his   indi-       plant  in  the   world,  all   of  their  rads   and  a   very  large  amount  in 

vidual  capacity  until  the  year  1S81,  when  a  limited  partnership  cor-       value  of  special   work  such  as  curves,  turnouts,  switches,  etc.,  inci- 

,      ^,  ,■  ,,■■„■        ,,,,      .        r      on       t  ■     -4.  a        dent  to  the  change  of  the  tracks  of  this  companv  from  horse  to 

poration.  under  the  name  or  William  Wharton,  Jr.,  &  Co.,  Limited,  ° 

electrical  service.     These  rails  were  at  that  time   the  heaviest  used 
was  formed,  his  associates  in  this  partnership  being  Mr.   Edward 

in  the  country  by  any  street  railroad,   being  six   inches  in  height 

Samuel,   a  mechanical  engineer  and  iron   manufacturer  and  nier-  ,         .   ,  ■        _    .               ,     ,      ,,             ,      ,  .                   .           , 

B  and  weighing  72  ',  pounds  to  the  yard.  Over  7,500  tons  of  ma- 
chant,  and  Mr.  Richard  Ashlmrst.  well  known  in  banking  circles,  tcri;l]  llas  |,een  consumed  in  this  West  End  construction,  all  of 
who   undertook   the   financial  part  of  the  business.     This  corpora-  which  has  been  furnished  by  William  Wharton,  Jr.,  &  Co.,  Incorpora- 


tion largely  extended  the  business,  increasing  the  works  and  de- 
veloping the  trade  not  only  in  the  T'nited  States,  but  also  in  South 
America.  Cuba  and  Mexico.  In  the  evolution  of  street  railroad  build- 
ing incident  to  the  changes  caused  by  cable  and  electrical  railroads,  it 
was  found  necessary  that  a  rolling  mill  suitable  for  the  manufacture 
of  tram  rails,  slot  rails.  T-rails,  and  other  shapes  in  steel  be  se- 
cured, and  to  this  end  the  corporation  became  large  and  controlling 
stockholders  in  the  North  Branch  Steel  Company,  located  at  Dan- 
ville, Pennsylvania.  In  the  meantime,  the  entire  block  on  Wash- 
ington avenue,  Philadelphia,  from  Twenty-fourth  street  to  Twenty- 
fifth  street,  had  been  secured,   new  foundry   erected  and   machine 


ated.  Amongst  other  numerous  and  large  contracts  which  they 
have  on  hand  at  this  present  writing  is  the  furnishing  of  the  ma- 
terial and  the  building  of  the  Third  avenue  Cable  Road  in  New 
York,  the  length  of  which  is  sixteen  miles  of  single  track  measure- 
ment, extending  along  Third  Avenue  from  the  Harlem  River  to  the 
Bowery,  and  along  the  Bowery  to  the  Post  Office.  The  amount  of 
metal  consumed  in  this  will  exceed  [6,000  tuns,  the  structure  being 
the  heaviest  of  its  kind  vet  used  in  cable  railroads,  the  rails  being 
seven  inches  high  and  weighing  Si  pounds  t<>  the  yard.  The  en- 
gineering and  physical  dfficulties  of  this  work  may  be  well  appre- 
ciated when  one  knows  that  every  water  pipe,  every  gas  pipe,  everv 
steam  pipe,  every  electrical  conduit,  and  a  very  large  number  of 
sewers  have  to  lie  removed  and  replaced  at  other  points  not  inter- 


shop  built  and  a  thorough  system  inaugurated,  whereby  the  capa-       fering  with  the  conduits  of  the  cable  railroad,  and   in  addition  to 


citv  of  output  was  enormously  augmented.  In  1SS7  the  street  rail- 
road developments  of  the  t'nited  States  had  become  so  large  and 
the  business  of  the  corporation  had  become  so  extensive,  that  a 
new  (the  present)  corporation.  Win.  Wharton,  Jr.,  &Co.,  Incorpor- 
ated, was  formed,  and  succeeded  to  the  business  of  Wm.  Wharton. 
Jr.,  &  Co.,  Limited.  The  capital  of  the  corporation  was  augmented 
from  time  to  time,  until  it  now  reaches  over  <yoo,ooo,  and  the  out- 
put of  the  works  in  Philadelphia  and  Danville  can  under  present 
conditions  be  run  up  to  a  value  of  joo.ooo  per  diem.  Everything 
used  in  street  railroad  tracks,  depots,  car-houses,  mechanism  of 
cable  railroads,  and  permanent  way  for  electrical  railroads  is  man- 
ufactured by  this  Company,  within  their  own  works,  commencing 
with  the  iron  ore  to  their  furnaces,  the  pig  iron  from  their  furnaces 
to  their  steel  works,  the  blooms  from  their  steel  works  to  their  roll- 
ing mills,  and  the  rails  from  their  rolling  mills  to  the  track,  together 
with  all  the  appendages  made  in  their  foundries  and  workshops, 


this,  that  this  has  to  be  done  in  streets  in  the  very  heart  of  the  larg- 
est city  in  the  country,  with  a  street  traffic  perhaps  not  exceeded  at 
any  other  point  in  the  world.  This  contract  involves  an  expenditure 
of  over  J3.000.000 'Dv  the  railroad  company.  The  Traction's  Co.'s 
tracks,  on  Market  street,  Philadelphia,  were  rclaid  this  year  with 
the  rails,  patent  chairs  and  crossings  of  this  Company.  The  Gir- 
ard  Avenue  Line  of  the  People's  Road  was  rclaid  last  spring  with 
the  patent  materials.  At  the  present  writing  the  main  office  of 
Win.  Wharton,  Jr.,  &  Co.,  Incorporated,  is  at  its  works.  Twenty-fifth 
street  and  Washington  avenue,  Philadelphia,  its  down-town  or  citv 
office  at  No.  330  Walnut  street,  Philadelphia,  its  mill  office  at  Dan- 
ville, Fa.,  its  Western  office  at  the  American  Central  Building,  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  and  its  New  York  office  at  the  X.  W.  corner  of  Nine- 
teenth street  and  Third  avenue,  New  York  City.  Its  present  officers 
are.  William  Wharton,  Jr.,  President;  Edward  Samuel,  First  Yice 
President  ;  F.  P.  Howe,  Second  Vice  President :  Richard  Ashlmrst, 
Secretary  and  Treasurer,  and  V.  Angerer,  Superintendent.  Direct- 
ors, Wm.  Wharton  Jr.,  Josiah  M.  Bacon,  Richard  W.  Bacon,  Wni. 
Rotch  Wistcr  and  William  Selfridge. 


184 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


BERRY  &  ORTON   COMPANY 

A  prominent  manufacturing  establishment  is  the  Atlantic  Works 
of  the  Berry  &  Orton  Company,  on  Twenty-third  street  above 
Arch,  from  whence  machinery  is  sent  to  every  part  of  the  world. 
The  special  business  of  the  manufacture  of  machinery  for  wood- 
working and  other  mechanical  work  was  originally  established  in 
1S60  by  Richards,  Thorn  &  Co.,  under  the  name  of  the  Atlantic 
Works.  This  firm  continued  until  July,  1S70,  when  it  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Richards,  Kelly  &  Co.  In  July,  1871,  another  change 
was  made  when  the  Company  was  registered  under  the  title  of 
Richards,  Loudon  &  Kelly.  Again  in  July,  1S77,  the  name  of  the 
firm  was  altered  to  Loudon,  Berry  &  Orton,  and  this  partnership 
remained  unaltered  until  March,   1888,  when  the  business  became 


the  largest  and  best  arranged  plants  for  the  manufacture  of  special 
machinery  in  the  country.  The  main  building  fronts  on  Twenty- 
third,  Arch  and  Filson  streets,  and  is  a  massive  structure  of  five 
floors,  123  feet  by  80  feet,  with  an  L  annex  68  feet  bv  45  feet.  The 
whole  building  is  a  most  substantial  erection  of  brick,  stone  and 
iron.  In  this  great  space  the  machinery  used  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  the  special  appliances  sent  out  by  the  firm,  is  placed,  and  the 
whole  works  are  run  by  a  150  horse-power  engine  and  boiler. 
These  new  works  have  every  modern  appliance  and  machine  for 
the  saving  of  labor,  and  they  are  among  the  finest  in  the  State. 
The  facilities  for  the  reception  and  the  shipping  of  goods  are  per- 
fect. The  tracks  of  the  Baltimore  &  Ohio  and  Philadelphia  & 
Reading  run  into  the  yards,  and  there  is  also  a  wide  wagon 
way  as  an  approach  to  the  main  building.     The  lighting  is  by  elec- 


Berry  &  Orton  Company's: Works 


under  the  control  of  L.  H.  Berry  and  L.  O.  Orton  with  the  style 
of  the  Berry  &  Orton  Company.  Both  these  gentlemen  are 
thoroughly  practical  men  in  their  particular  class  of  business  and 
they  give  close  personal  attention  to  everything  that  is  manufac- 
tured in  anrl  turned  out  of  their  works. 

The  best  testimony  to  the  rapid  growth  of  this  large  industry 
is  in  the  frequent  necessity  there  has  arisen  for  enlargements  of 
the  manufactory.  In  1S69  the  plant  occupied  a  large  building 
which  had  been  specially  erected  on  Twenty-second  street  above 
Arch.  But  these  works,  although  spacious'  and  well  equipped, 
speedily  became  too  small  for  the  fast  growing  business  although 
the  work  was  continued  night  and  dav  with  a  double  staff  of  work- 
men. Orders  however  came  in  faste'r  and  faster  and  in  order  to 
keep  pace  with  the  demands  of  their  customers  the  firm  realized 
that  they  must  further  extend  their  capabilities  for  manufacture. 
A  large  plot  of  ground  was  therefore  purchased  at  the  northeast 
corner  of  Twenty-third  and  Arch  streets.  The  measurement  of 
his  land  is  14S  feet  by  123   feet  and  on  it  has  been  erected  one  of 


tricity,  and  the  ventilating  and  heating  apparatus  are  on  the  most 
approved  principles,  rendering  the  whole  building  one  of  the  most 
admired  and  convenient  in  the  country. 

The  machines  which  the  Berry  &  Orton  Company  produce  are 
peculiar  in  their  manufacture  and  are  mostly  specially  originated 
and  patented  by  the  firm.  A  special  feature  is  the  band  saw  mill 
which  has  now  become  in  almost  general  use  all  over  the  world, 
and  which  is  entirely  due  to  the  ingenuity  and  mechanical  know- 
ledge of  the  present  members  of  the  firm.  A  specialty  is  also  made 
of  the  manufacture  of  wood  working  machinery  for  car  builders 
and  railroad  companies.  The  company  also  takes  the  lead  in  the 
manufacture  of  machines  and  appliances  for  ship  builders.  In  fact 
the  history  of  the  Atlantic  works  is  unique  for  the  example  it  gives 
of  a  great  industry  arising  up  within  twenty-one  years  which  not 
only  gives  a  living  to  hundreds  of  work-people,  but  for  its  substan- 
tiality and  perfect  mechanical  arrangements  is  a  source  of  pride  to 
the  citizens  of  a  city  which  is  world  renowned  for  its  great  works 
and  industrial  establishments. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAP  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


HARRISON  BROS.  &  CO. 


The  founder  of  this  house  vas  John  Harrison  and  the  present 
firm  are  his  grandsons.  Join  Harrison  studied  chemistn  cinder  the 
celebrated  Dr.  Priestly,  and  became  'iecpiy  impressed  with  die  belief 
that  many  article?  were  imported  into  this  country  which  could  be 
produced  here  and  thereby  render  he  citizens  of  this  country  inde- 
pendent of  foreign  producers,  as  -veil  as  aiding  the  industrial 
levelopment  of  the   youthful    Republic.     In    1793   he   began   the 


on  Green  -trcet,  west  of  Third,  in  Philadelphia.  In  1S07  he  built 
what  was  for  that  day  ante  a  large  leaden  chamber,  it  was  50  feet 
long,  8  feet  wide,  alio  [S  fee.  high,  capable  if  making  nearly  1 
half  million  pounds  oi  ulphuric  icid  annually,  ind  the  thrice  of 
the  article  then  vas  about  [5  cents  per  pound.  The  acid  prepared 
in  leaden  chambers,  as  is  veil  known,  is  not  the  oil  of  vitriol  of 
commerce,  md  the  only  means  employed  at  hat  time  to  concentrate 
it  to  the  required  density  was  by  boiling  it  :.:i  glass  retorts,  a  very 
orecarious  and  dangerous   process.     The    toss     ccasioncd  by  the 


j4 


L   J- 


J..-.- 


3*5 


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1 '')""' '     -fIS 


V^>    *.-  '-..>»!>•  I'll    'i 


Harri 


3R0THERS    &    C0MP»N*-S    WORKS 


manufacture  of  sulphuric  acid,  but  awing  to  the  crushing  competi- 
tion of  the  foreign  makers  his  enterprise  was  confined  to  manufac- 
turing for  his  own  use  and  filling  on  ;rs  on  a  small  but  remunerative 
scale  for  a  few  of  his  natrons.  Hi?  investment  at  the  start  did  not 
exceed  5jooo.  From  a  letter  addressed  to  President  Jefferson  dated 
November  1,  1S0S,  and  now  in  the  archive-  of  the  State  Department 
at  Washington,  we  learn  that  in  1S04  he  had  extended  the  line  ot 
products  of  his  laboratory  by  adding  the  various  preparations  oi 
mercury,  antimony,  copper,  etc..  lsed  in  the  arts  and  medicine. 
and  that  then  he  had  invested  540.  00.  At  this  tune  he  was  1  11 
facturiug  sulphuric  acid  with  marked,  success  it  his  est  iblisli 


ucessaut  breakage  of  the  ,dass  largely  increased  the  cost  of  the 
concentrated  acid.  About  this  period  there  resided  in  Philadelphia 
Dr.  Eric  Bollman,  1  Dane  by  birth,  and  of  scientific  training.  Dr. 
Bollman  brous  '■  ,,;:  ranee  the  method  just  discovered  by  Dr. 
Wollaston  for  averting  die  irude  grains  if  platinum  into  ars 
and  sheets.  1  >uc  of  the  first  uses  to  which  he  applied  the  sheets 
as  'he  111  iking  ^t  a  -till  for  Mr.  Harrison  for  the  concentration  ol 
sulphuric  acid.  It  weighed  700  mnces,  would  contain  25  gallons, 
and  was  in  continuous  use  .or  :::;  .en  years.  Tins  car:'  ipplication 
of  platinum  to  this  purpose  was  highly  characteristic  ^n'  the  sagacity 
.1111!   inceuuitviof  the   American   manufacturer,  for  the   use  of  the 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA NS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


rare  metal  was  at  that  time  a  novelty  in  Europe  and  known  only  to 
a  few  persons.  It  is  believed  that  John  Harrison  was  the  first  manu- 
facturer of  sulphuric  acid  in  America,  certainly  the  first  to  make  it 
successfully,  and  he  was  not  only  the  first  in  America  to  concentrate 
it  in  platinum  as  a  manufacturer,  but  probably  the  first  of  all.  In 
1S06  he  added  to  his  manufactures  the  production  of  white  lead, 
subsequently  apparatus  for  the  manufacture  of  pyroligneous  and 
acetic  acid  and  their  dependent  products,  white  and  brown  sugar  of 
lead,  on  an  extended  scale;  also  the  oxides  of  lead,  colors,  alum, 
copperas,  iron  liquors,  etc.  The  Green  street  laboratory  long  had 
been  too  circumscribed  for  such  large  operations,  and  an  eligible 
location  was  secured  in  the  then  district  of  Kensington — now  the 
Eighteenth  Ward  of  the  city — where  extensive  buildings  were 
erected  and  large  manufacturing  facilities  afforded.  In  1831  he 
admitted  his  sons  to  partnership  under  the  title  of  John  Harrison  & 


marketable  quantites  until  about  1 80S,  so  that  John  Harrison  would 
then  be  really  the  pioneer  in  this  branch  of  manufacture,  he  and 
his  successors  having  marketed  their  product  since  1806. 

Messrs.  Harrison  Bros.  &  Co.  within  a  recent  period  have 
brought  about  what  ma}-  be  justly  termed  a  revolution  in  the  manu- 
facture of  paints  and  colors  in  this  country.  These  articles  are  so 
readily  sophisticated  that  the  practice  of  the  trade  had  become  quite 
general  of  selling  sophisticated  goods  as  pure  goods.  This  house 
recognizing  the  unmercautile  nature  of  such  methods  decided  to 
devote  all  their  energies  to  the  production  of  perfectly  pure  goods, 
or  goods  of  plainly  stated  formulas  only.  In  time  other  manufac- 
turers followed  in  their  wake,  and  strictly  pure  paints  and  colors 
may  now  be  obtained  without  difficulty  by  any  one  with  discrimi- 
nation. The  position  taken  by  Harrison  Bros.  &  Co.  has  made 
their  products  the  standard  for  quality  amongst  consumers.     Their 


Harrison   Brothers  &  Company's  Offices 


Sons.  John  Harrison  died  in  1833,  and  subsequently  the  firm  changed 
to  Harrison  Bros.,  and  then  to  its  present  title.  Later  on  the  facili- 
ties at  Kensington  proving  inadequate  to  meet  the  demands  of  the 
business,  a  large  establishment  was  projected  in  the  southwestern 
part  of  the  city,  on  the  river  Schuylkill,  near  the  historic  Gray's 
Ferry.  Their  factories  and  office  in  Philadelphia  were  early 
connected  by  wire  with  their  office  in  New  York,  this  being 
the  first  private  wire  of  any  length  placed  in  operation.  The 
Gray's  Ferry  establishment  has  grown  to  immense  proportions, 
continuing  most  of  the  manufactures  originated  by  the  founder, 
and  on  a  very  extensive  scale.  The  white  lead  plant  can  produce 
over  5000  tons  annually,  and  for  this  and  other  paint  products  the 
plant  is  the  largest  and  best  arranged  extant.  The  products  include 
house  painters'  colors,  colors  for  coach  and  car  painters,  ready 
mixed  paints,  colors  for  paper  manufacturers,  etc. 

While  another  house  claims  precedence  in  the  manufacture  of 
white  lead  in  this  country,  it  is  now  said  that  it  did  not  produce 


"  Town  and  Country"  ready  mixed  paints  are  in  innumerable  shades 
and  extensively  used  throughout  the  country. 

The  area  of  the  Gray's  Ferry  works  exceeds  thirty  acres,  over 
half  of  which  is  covered  by  buildings  of  the  best  construction.  In 
addition  to  the  plant  for  the  production  of  chemicals  and  paints 
there  is  an  extensive  laboratory,  a  complete  machine  shop  and  a 
large  printing  office,  the  latter  to  supply  the  great  quantity  of 
advertising  matter  needed  in  the  large  business.  From  this  print- 
ing office  has  been  issued  a  number  of  publications  giving  real 
information  to  the  public,  among  them  is  the  "Chemistry  of 
Paints,"  which  describes  the  works  and  much  of  the  chemistry 
of  the  products.  This  is  supplied  gratuitously  to  any  one  re- 
questing it. 

The  works  are  being  constantly  added  to,  a  large  three-story 
and  basement  brick  mill-house,  and  extensive  stable  and  a  very 
handsome  office  in  the  Italian  style  of  architecture  being  the  most 
recent  additions. 


187 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIAXS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


THE  FRANKLIN  SUGAR  REFINING  COMPANY 

The  business  to  which  this  company  has  succeeded  was  estab- 
lished in  1S63  by  the  late  George  L.  Harrison.  Mr.  Harrison  was 
born  in  1S11,  and  was  the  son  of  John  Harrison,  the  founder  of  the 
chemical  works  now  conducted  by  his  grandsons  under  the  style  of 
Harrison  Brothers  Company.  Mr.  George  L.  Harrison  finished  his 
education  at  Harvard  College,  and  having  read  law  in  the  office  of 
Joseph  R.  Ingersoll  was  admitted  to  the  Bar. 

But  just  then  his  father  died,  and  this  bereavement  changed 
his  plan  of  life.  He  abandoned  the  profession  of  his  choice  to  aid 
his  brothers  in  the  management  of  his  father's  chemical  works, 
then  located  in  the  old  district  of  Kensington.  In  1S49  he  entered 
into  partnership  with  Powers  & 
Weightman  in  the  new  chemi- 
cal enterprise  commenced  by 
them  at  the  Falls  of  Schuyl- 
kill. A  few  years  afterwards 
he  embarked  in  the  business 
of  sugar  refining,  and  in  1S63 
bought  the  old  sugar  refinery 
on  Vine  street,  below  Third 
street,  in  which  the  "Frank- 
lin" then  took  its  origin. 
The  business,  small  in  its  be- 
ginning, under  his  able  man- 
agement and  with  his  energy 
and  enterprise  prospered  and 
expanded  into  the  large  estab- 
lishment now  on  the  banks  of 
the  Delaware,  known  every- 
where for  the  completeness  of 
its  plant  and  the  excellence  of 
its  product.  He  was  identified 
with  the  "Franklin"  until 
his  death. 

Notwithstanding  the  ab- 
sorbing nature  of  his  busi- 
ness, Mr.  Harrison  devoted 
much  time  to  literary  and 
philosophical  pursuits.  In  the  church  of  which  he  was  a  member 
he  was  held  in  high  esteem  for  the  wisdom  of  his  counsel,  the  zeal 
and  generosity  with  which  he  furthered  its  educational  and  charita- 
ble work.  For  twenty  years  he  was  treasurer  of  the  Episcopal  Hos- 
pital. For  some  time  he  was  an  active  manager  of  the  House  of 
Refuge.au  inspector  of  the  penitentiary,  and  a  member  of  the  Board 
of  City  Trusts.  He  was  a  leading  member  of  the  Board  of  Public 
Charities  from  its  creation  until  1S75,  when  failing  health  obliged 
him  to  resign.  His  admirable  reports  while  president  of  that  board 
attracted  much  attention  among  those  engaged  in  the  management 
of  penal  and  rcformatorv  institutions,  and  his  keen  and  intelligent 
inspection  of  the  poorhouses  and  prisons  of  the  State  caused  the 
reform  of  many  abuses  in  their  management. 


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George  L.  Harrison 


Mr.  Harrison  was  the  author  of  the  legislation  which  led  to 
the  creation  of  the  Committee  on  Lunacy,  which  has  accomplished 
so  much  for  the  amelioration  of  the  condition  of  the  insane.  His 
energy  and  means  were  generously  devoted  to  the  accomplishment 
of  thisobject,  which  had  always  been  a  cherished  purpose  with  him, 
but  the  condition  of  his  health  prevented  his  acceptance  of  the 
first  appointment  on  that  committeeiwhich  was  tendered  nim. 

The  Franklin  Sugar  Refinery,  as  has  been  said,  was  established 
in  1S63  in  a  building  on  Vine  street,  below  Third  street,  where  once 
stood  the  first  sugar  refinery  in  the  LTnited  States.  The  style  of  the 
firm  was  then  Harrison,  Newhall  &  Welsh,  but  very  shortly  there 
was  a  reorganization  and  the  firm  became  Harrison  &;  Havemeyer. 
The  capacity  of  the  refinery  was  then  about  40,000  pounds  of  sugar 
per  dav. 

In  1S66  it  became  evident 
that  the  building  was  too  small 
for  the  increasing  business  and 
.  the  location  undesirable  for 
enlargement.  The  site  now  oc- 
cupied by  the  Franklin  Sugar 
Refinery,  at  Delaware  avenue 
and  Shippen  street,  was  se- 
cured, and  on  it  was  erected  a 
building  fitted  with  the  most 
approved  machinery,  capable 
of  an  output  of  200,000  pounds 
of  sugar  daily.  From  that 
time  the  business  has  stcadily 
growu  under  the  successive 
firms  of  Harrison.  Havemeyer 
&  Co.  and  Harrison,  Frazicr 
&  Co. ,  until  in  iSSg  the  present 
companv  was  organized  by  the 
members  of  the  latter  firm. 
The  refinery  buildings,  of 
such  substantial  structure  and 
enormous  height,  now  cover 
the  three  blocks  between  Bain- 
bridge  and  Almond  streets  and 
from  Front  street  to  the  river, 
besides  ground  to  the  north  and  south  of  those  streets.  The  floor 
space  is  equal  to  an  area  of  15.6  acres  and  it  is  filled  with  the  newest 
and  most  approved  machinery  and  apparatus  for  sugar  refining. 
The  capacity  has  increased  to  the  amount  of  3,000,000  pounds  of 
sugar  per  day.  The  docks  of  the  company  are  daily  occupied  by 
vessels  discharging  cargoes  of  sugar  from  all  parts  of  the  world,  and 
train  after  trains  of  cars  are  hourly  drawn  from  its  sidings  destined 
for  all  parts  of  the  United  States,  in  which  the  excellence  and  purity 
of  the  Franklin  brand  has  created  a  demand  which  taxes  the  capa- 
city of  the  refinery  to  supply. 

As  they  matured,  the  sons  of  Mr.  George  L-  Harrison  were 
associated  in  the  management  of  the  business,  and  under  their 
skilful  and  enterprising  direction  it  has  continued  to  prosper. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MANUFACTURERS.— Electric  Light  Company. 


THE  ELECTRO  DYNAMIC  COMPANY 

The  Electro  Dynamic  Company  of  Philadelphia  was  organized 
December  9,  1SS0,  by  well  known  Philadelphia  capitalists  and  is  the 
oldest  incorporated  company  for  building  electric  motors  in  the 
world.  It  commenced  business  with  the  manufacture  of  Griscom 
Double  Induction  Motor,  the  invention  of  W.  W.  Griscom ,  the  Pres- 
ident of  the  Company.  It  put  out  a  large  number  of  these  for  use 
with  primary  batteries  for  running  sewing  machines,  fans,  dental 
lathes  and  mallets,  watch-makers'  machinery  and  for  all  other  pur- 
poses requiring  small  power.  These  motors  were  largely  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  civilized  world. 

Soon  after  the  organization  of  the  Company  the  question  of 
electric  lighting  began  to  assume  importance,  and  the  manufacture 
of  dynamos  both  for  arc  and  incandescent  lighting  was  undertaken. 
These  dynamos  are  now  in  use  in  all  portions  of  the  United  States, 
in  Government  service,  in  mines  and  on  shipboard.  The  machin- 
ery put  out  by  the  Company  has  been  characterized  by  good  work- 
manship and  high  efficiency,  and  the  many  improvements  which 
have  been  introduced  from  year  to  year  have  kept  it  in  the 
front  rank  of  electrical  progress. 

Storage  Battery  Lighting.  The  Company  is  especially 
known  for  its  connection  with  the  development  of  storage  battery 
lighting.  It  was  the  first  in  this  country  to  take  up  this  subject 
and  it  alone  has  brought  this  ideal  system  to  the  successful  position 
it  now  occupies.  It  has  accomplished  this  against  the  most  bitter 
opposition  of  competing  systems.  Storage  battery  lighting  is 
now  recognized  as  the  only  practical  method  of  lighting  country 
houses  by  electricity  which  can  supplant  a  private  gas  plant,  and  it 
is  by  far  the  most  economical  method  for  lighting  office  buildings 
and  hotels.  Some  of  the  finest  residences  in  the  country  and  many 
of  the  largest  office  buildings  in  the  leading  cities  are  now  lighted  by 
storage  batteries.  The  advantages  are  apparent  to  any  one  and  the 
economy,  both  in  running  expenses  and  maintenance,  has  been  so 
thoroughly  demonstrated  that  no  one  who  has  given  much  atten- 
tion to  the  subject  now  disputes  it. 

Much  attention  has  been  given  to  the  subject  of  Central  Station 
Lighting  by  storage  batteries,  and  this  branch  of  the  business  gives 
promise  of  rapid  development  in  the  near  future.  Suburban  towns 
with  residences  scattered  siugly,  or  in  clusters  of  two  or  three,  over 
a  district  three  or  four  miles  in  diameter  can  be  as  effectively  and 
almost  as  economically  lighted  by  this  method  as  a  compactly  built 
town.  The  storage  batteries  are  located  at  the  houses  where  they 
light  a  single  house  or  several  in  a  cluster,  and  are  charged  by  a 
wire  connecting  them  to  the  dyuamos  at  the  station  which  is  located 
at  a  central  point.  Each  battery  becomes  a  sub-station,  which 
lights  the  houses  within  an  area  of  from  twelve  hundred  to  fifteen 
hundred  feet  diameter.  The  power  station  which  supplies  all  the 
batteries  can  be  kept  running  throughout  the  entire  day  and  night, 
the  dynamos  charging  one  set  of  batteries  for  a  given  period  and 
then  another,  so  that  the  highest  economy  of  the  steam  and  dynamo 
plant  is  secured.  The  batteries  are  ready  at  all  hours  of  the  day  or 
night  to  supply  current  to  the  lamps,  whether  they  are  receiving 
charge  or  not,  and  during  the  two  or  three  hours  of  the  evening 
when  the  heaviest  demand  is  made  for  current  the  dynamos  and 
the  batteries  together  feed  the  lamps.  It  is  possible,  therefore,  for 
a  power  plant  capable  of  lighting  directly  only  one  thousand  lamps, 
to  supply  at  least  three  thousand  lamps  in  conjunction  with  the 
batteries  during  the  hours  of  heavv  load. 

The  Electro  Dynamic  Company  in  the  development  of  this 
system  has  devised  many  appliances  for  controlling  the  voltage  at 
the  lamps,  for  regulating  the  distribution  to  the  batteries,  for  auto- 
matically connecting  the  batteries  to  the  charging  circuit  and  dis- 
connecting them  when  fully  charged.  The  results  in  actual  prac- 
tice have  been  most  satisfactory,  and  as  the  field  for  such  installa- 
tion is  a  large  one,  the  system  must  make  rapid  progress. 


Storage  Battery  Street  Cars.  Within  the  past  three  years  the 
Company  has  brought  out  the  "Edco  System"  of  street  cars. 
("Edco"  is  an  abbreviation  of  the  Company's  title  and  is  the  trade 
name  applicable  to  all  its  manufactures.)  To  carry  the  power  for 
propelling  the  car  on  the  car  itself,  and  thus  make  each  car  an 
independent  unit,  is  be\-ond  question  the  best  method  if  it  can  be 
satisfactorily  and  economically  done.  To  design  a  car  which  would 
be  unobjectionable  to  the  public,  easily  handled,  entirely  controlla- 
ble and  of  sufficient  speed  for  the  maximum  demands  of  city  traffic 
was  the  aim  of  the  Company.  After  a  long  time  spent  in  experi- 
menting, such  a  car  was  put  in  commercial  service  on  one  of  the 
roads  in  Philadelphia.  It  was  found  to  meet  all  the  requirements 
and  sufficient  data  were  obtained  after  a  test  extending  over  two 
years  to  demonstrate  its  economy  over  horse  traction. 

The  car  as  at  present  constructed,  is  of  the  ordinary  street  car 
pattern.  It  is  propelled  by  two  fifteen-horse-power  motors  with 
gearing  enclosed  in  an  iron  casing  and  running  in  oil.  The  motors 
are  placed  one  on  each  axle.  The  batterv  cells  which  supply  the 
electricity  are  placed  in  long  trays  under  the  seats  of  the  car.  '  The 
current  to  the  motors  is  controlled  by  a  switch  on  the  platform 
worked  by  the  motor-man,  by  which  the  car  can  be  run  at  several 
different  rates  of  speed,  from  fifteen  miles  an  hour  to  the  slowest 
rate  required  in  street  traffic. 

Electric  brakes  are  supplied  in  addition  to  the  ordinary  brake 
by  which  the  car  can  be  stopped,  in  case  of  emergency,  within  half 
its  own  length.  The  motion  of  the  car  is  easy  and  there  is  no 
noise  of  machinery.  Each  car  is  supplied  with  two  sets  of  batteries, 
one  of  which  is  in  service  on  the  car  while  the  other  is  being 
charged  at  the  station.  It  requires  about  one  and  one  half  minutes 
to  change  the  batteries  in  the  car  for  a  freshly  charged  set.  This 
change  is  made  by  machinery.  The  power  station  thus  has  as 
many  batteries  receiving  charge  as  there  are  cars  in  service  on  the 
road,  and  is  therefore  running  with  a  constant  load  which  insures 
the  greatest  economy  of  steam. 

Two  railway  lines,  one  in  Washington,  D.  C,  and  the  other  in 
Dubuque,  Iowa,  have  equipped  their  lines  with  these  cars.  Their 
success  from  an  engineering  standpoint  is  now  unquestioned  ;  from 
a  popular  standpoint  it  was  assured  from  the  first.  While  main- 
have  experimented  with  storage  batterv  cars,  The  Electro  Dvnamic 
Company  alone  has  made  them  a  success  thus  far.  This  is  in  a 
measure  due  to  its  long  experience  in  the  use  of  storage  batteries 
for  other  purposes. 

Electric  Motors.  Among  the  many  styles  of  motors  manufac- 
tured by  the  Company,  one  which  has  attracted  much  attention  is 
the  Drill  Motor.  The  first  one  was  built  for  the  New  York  Navy- 
Yard  and  was  designed  for  use  in  building  armored  and  other  iron 
vessels.  It  was  a  machine  tool  of  two-horse-power  made  very  light, 
weighing  only  one  hundred  and  ten  pounds,  for  running  a  drill  at 
the  end  of  a  flexible  shaft  at  varying  speeds  to  drill  holes  in  irou 
plates.  This  motor  was  so  successful  that  orders  for  others  rapidlv 
followed.  Other  ship-builders  soon  saw  the  utility  of  the  new  tools 
and  they  are  now  in  use  in  the  yards  of  William  Cramp  &  Sons  of 
Philadelphia,  the  L'nion  Iron  Works  of  San  Francisco,  the  Penn- 
sylvania Railroad  shops  at  Altooua,  and  many  other  large  machine 
shops.  These  motors  are  now  made  of  all  sizes  and  are  in  use  up 
to  twelve-horse-power. 

The  new  square  type  "  Edco  "  motor  has  recently  been  installed 
in  the  Inman  Line  steamships  "  City  of  Paris  "  and  "  City  of  New 
York  "  in  connection  with  the  refrigerating  apparatus  of  those  ves- 
sels. They  are  of  twenty-horse-power  and  in  duplicate,  and  are  sup- 
plied with  current  from  the  lighting  dynamos.  They  run  without 
stopping  from  the  time  the  vessel  commences  to  receive  its  load  of 
fresh  meat  until  the  end  of  the  voyage. 

Slow  Speed  Dynamos.  Similar  in  type  to  the  last  named 
motors  are  the  slow  speed  "Edco"  dyuamos.  The  "Westernland" 
and  "Noordland"  of  the  International  Steamship  Company  and  the 
vessels  of  the  American  Line  have  been  equipped  with  these  dyna- 
mos. Thev  run  at  a  speed  of  three  hundred  and  fifty  to  five  hun- 
dred revolutions  of  the  armature  per  minute,  and  are  directly  coup- 
led to  the  shaft  of  a  high  speed  engine.  They  are  also  in  demand 
for  use  in  connection  with  storage  batteries  iu  lighting  office  build- 
ings. They  are  especially  valuable  in  such  locations,  as  high  speed 
engines  are  not  required  in  storage  battery  lighting,  and  the  slow 
speed  of  both  dynamo  and  engine  ensures  a  noiseless  plant. 

The  Company  now  controls  a  large  number  of  patents  covering 
inventions  of  W.  W.  Griscom  and  others,  many  of  them  in  a  field 
peculiar  to  itself;  and  its  sound  experience  and  the  excellent 
results  attained  are  rapidly  establishing  its  reputation  aud  securing 
for  it  the  highest  class  of  work. 


189 


THE    BRUSH    ELECTRIC    LIGHT   COMPANY 


190 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS.— Electric  Light  Company. 


THE  BRUSH  ELECTRIC  LIGHT  COMPANY 

The  Brush  Electric  Light  Company,  the  subject  of  the  accom- 
panying illustrations,  was  the  pioneer  in  electric  lighting  in  the 
city  of  Philadelphia  and  among  the  first  in  the  country.  It  was 
organized  in  June,  rSSi,  by  Messrs.  Henry  Lewis,  Thomas  Dolan, 
John  Lowber  Welsh,  William  Wood,  William  Arrott,  Joseph  B.  Al- 
temus,  John  Wanamaker,   I.  V.  Williamson,  A.  D.  Julliard  and  A. 


The  Brush  Electric  Light  Company's  Building 


G.  Paine,  and  commenced  the  supply  of  light  on  December  1st,  of 
the  same  year,  with  a  capacity  of  300  lamps.  At  that  date  while  the 
value  of  the  arc  lamp  as  an  illuminant  was  generally  admitted,  the 
scepticism  as  to  its  commercial  value  and  permanency  was  so  great 
that  even  the  promoters  themselves  viewed  it  only  as  experimental, 
and  so  great  was  the  scepticism  of  the  city  authorities  that  the  com- 
pany, in  order  to  make  a  practical  demonstration,  were  obliged  to 
enter  into  an  agreement  with  the  city  authorities  to  light  Chestnut 
street  with  forty-nine  lamps  for  one  year 
without  any  expense  whatever  to  the  city. 
By  the  end  of  that  time  its  value  had 
been  demonstrated  and  confidence  in  its  per- 
manency so  thoroughly  established  that  the 
demands  for  both  public  and  commercial 
lighting  compelled  an  increase  the  following 
summer  of  a  hundred  per  cent,  in  the  capa- 
city of  the  plant  and  an  increase  in  its 
capital  stock  from  £200,000  to  $1,000,000. 
Since  that  time  there  has  been  a  gradual 
and  yearly  addition  made  to  the  plant  until 
its  output  is  now  two  thousand  lights.  The 
plant,  though  one  of  the  oldest,  is  at  the 
same  time  one  of  the  best  equipped  and  most 
efficient  in  the  country.  Its  boiler  room, 
with  twenty-four  boilers,  its  engine  room, 
with  its  two  pairs  of  Corliss,  one  Greene 
and  two  Porter-Allen  engines  with  the  requi- 
site shafting,  etc.,  and  its  dynamo  room, 
witli  its  thirty  dynamos  and  all  the  para- 
phernalia incident  to  the  electrical  depart- 
ment, are  the  admiration  of  all  who  take  an 
interest  in  things  mechanical  and  electrical. 
Its  lines,  which  cover  a  radius  of  five  miles 
and  which  were  constructed  under  the  ad- 
mirable rules  of  the  city's  department,  are 
conceded  to  be  the  most  substantial  and 
symmetrically  arranged  of  any  city  in  the 
country.     Its  present  officers  are  : 

Thomas  Dolan, 

President. 

T.  A.  CrowkLL, 
Treasurer. 

A.  J.  DkCamp, 
Secretary  and  General  Manager. 

Directors: 

Thomas  Dolax, 
William  Wood, 
Hexrv  Lewis, 

Richard  S.  Brock, 
Charles  O.  Kri'ger, 
Johx  Lowber  Welsh, 
Joseph  B.  Altemts, 
Clement  B.  Newbold, 
Johx  Boyd, 

A.  D.  Juilliard. 


191 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


%b> 


*"# 


THE  HASTINGS  TRUSS  COMPANY 

T!ie  Hastings  Truss  Company.  No.  224  South  Ninth  street. 
Philadelphia,  are  the  largest  producers  of  Hani  Rubber  anil  Leather 
Covered  Trusses,  etc.,  in  the  world.  Established  in  [S72,  under  the 
name  of  Hastings  &  Garson,  their  signal  success  is  a  triumph  of 
that  necessary  combination  of  intelligence,  mechanical  skill  and 
untiring  energy.  From  Buenos  Ayrcs  to  Paget  Sound,  from 
Quebec  to  antipodal  Australia,  their  trusses  are  kept  on  sale  by 
druggists  and  surgical  instrument  dealers  generally. 

In  their  special  Application  department  orders  to  meet  particu- 
larly difficult  cases  are  frequently  received  from  the  principal  cities 
of  South  America,  Spain.  Portugal  and  even  British  India,  Japan 
and  China.  The  United  States  Government,  through  the  Marine 
Hospital  Service,  the  Army  and  the  Indian  Department,  has 
favored  this  Company  with  orders  for  large  quantities  of  their 
appliances.  The  various  hernial  lesions,  often  threatening  the  life 
of  the  patient,  are  successfully  treated  by  the  expert  titters  in  their 
Application  department.  To  the  Philadelphia  public,  the  Hastings 
Truss  Company  is  popularlv  known  through  extensive  advertising 
of  cut  prices  in  their  Application  department,  where  trusses  are 
fitted  at  such  low  charges  that  the  best  appliances  are  within  the 
purchasing  capacity  of  the  poorest  sufferer. 

The  present  head  and  front  of  this  thriving  business  is  Major 
William  H.  Hastings,  Manager  and  Treasurer  of  the  Company,  a 
well  known  and  popular  citizen,  and  an  elder  brother  of  General 
D.  H.  Hastings.  Of  Scotch-Irish  extraction,  he  is  a  typical  repre- 
sentative of  that  fiery  and  restless  race  Americanized.  He  has  the 
stature  of  a  Hercules  and  the  beard  of  a  patriarch.  Long  residence 
in  Europe  has  made  him  a  cosmopolitan.  Speaking  French,  Ger- 
man. Spanish  and  Italian,  acquired  colloquially  during  a  long  resi- 
lience in  these  countries,  he  takes  rank  as  a  distinguished  linguist. 

Bachelor,  bohemian,  bon-vivant,  and  a  popular  club  man,  he 
enjoys  a  valued  and  extensive  acquaintance  among  the  Foreign 
colony.  In  1.S90  betook  a  prominent  part,  by  request  of  Mayor 
Fitler,  in  the  entertainment  of  the  officers  of  the  French  fleet  then 
lying  off  the  city  in  the  Delaware.  Governor  Beaver  in  1SS9  ap- 
pointed him  one  of  the  Commissioners  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
Exposition  t'niversellc  at  Paris.  He  acquired  his  military  title 
from  having  served  as  an  aide  on  General  Pearson's  staff. 

Major  Hastings,  by  his  wide  experience,  industry  and  inex- 
haustible energy,  lias  brought  the  Hastings  Truss  Company  to  its 
present  position  of  importance  and  prosperity. 


CHARLES  G.  BLATCHLEY 

An  apt  illustration  of  a  country  lad  coming  to  a  great  city,  and 
by  energy  and  tact  establishing  a  good  and  prosperous  business,  is 
to  be  found  in  the  career  of  Charles  G.  Blatchlev,  who  carries  on  a 
large  manufactory  for  pumps,  hydrants,  all  descriptions  of  turned 
woods,  galvanized  iron  pipes,  lift  and  force  pumps  and  drive-well 
points.  The  offices  of  the  concern  are  at  25  N.  E.  Citv  Hall  Square, 
the  warehouse  and  yards  at  2015  to  2027  Swanson  street,  and  2014 
Meadow  street,  and  the  mills  at  West  Grafton,  West  Virginia. 

Charles  G.  Blatchlev  was  born  at  Guilford,  Connecticut,  on  a 
farm,  and  was  raised  there  until  he  was  sixteen  vears  of  age.  The 
young  farmer  then  went  to  Hartford,  Conn.,  and  worked  in  a  dry 
goods  store  for  a  year.  At  seventeen  years  he  returned  home  and 
took  charge  of  his  father's  farm,  at  the  same  time  finishing  his  edu- 
cation at  the  institute  at  Guilford.  He  then  went  for  a  short  time 
to  work  in  a  country  store  at  Farmington,  Connecticut.  When  he 
was  only  eighteen  the  civil  war  broke  out,  and  young  Blatchlev.  at 
once  fired  with  the  spirit  of  patriotism,  joined  the  Fourteenth  Con- 
necticut Regiment,  and  he  fought  gallantly  for  three  vears.  serving 
with  much  gallantry  through  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness  up  to 
the  great  finale  at  Appomattox  Court  House. 

The  young  hero  then  came  to  Philadelphia,  in  1S65,  and  com- 
menced his  business  career  by  taking  a  course  in  a  business  college, 
and  for  three  years  he  was  earning  his  living  as  a  bookkeeper.  At 
last,  in  November,  1868,  Mr.  Blatchlev  launched  out  for  himself, 
starting  in  the  pump  business  in  a  verv  modest  way.  By  strict  at- 
tention to  business  he  soon  placed  himself  on  the  straight  road 
to  prosperity.  His  customers  became  so  numerous  and  the  orders 
for  pumps  and  turned  woods  were  so  large  that  mills  were  estab- 
lished in  West  Virginia,  and  large  warehouses  and  yards  in  Phila- 
delphia. At  the  present  time  the  business  is  one  of  the  largest  of 
its  kind  in  the  country.  The  plant  at  West  Grafton,  West  Vir- 
ginia, covers  three-quarters  of  an  acre,  and  occupies  a  whole  square. 
employing  thirty  men  all  the  year  round.  The  warehouse  and 
yards  at  Swanson  and  Meadow  streets  arc  situated  between  the 
tracks  of  the  Pennsylvania  and  Baltimore  and  1  Ihio  Railroads,  and 
the  cars  run  in  and  out  on  switches  on  both  lines,  carrying  the 
goods  of  the  firm  to  all  parts  of  the  country.  Mr.  Blatchlev  is  con- 
sidered one  of  the  most  exemplary  business  men  in  the  citv  of 
Philadelphia. 


MANAYUNK  NATIONAL  BANK 

The  Manavtiuk  National  Bank  was  organized  as  a  State  Bank  in 
1S71,  and  converted  into  a  National  Bank  in  December,  1SS6.  It  is 
located  at  Manavunk,  oue  of  the  manufacturing  suburbs  of  Phila- 
delphia, and  has  from  its  organization  been  a  successful  institution, 
enjoying,  from  its  conservative  business  methods,  a  well-earned 
reputation  both  locally  and  throughout  the  country. 

The  capital  of  the  bank  is  <200,ooo,  upon  which  it  pays  divi- 
dends of  ten  per  cent,  per  annum,  and  has  accumulated  a  surplus 
and  undivided  profit  account  of  J  150,000.     It  has  deposits  of  SSoo.ooo. 

The  President  is  David  Wallace,  a  retired  manufacturer  who 
represented  the  Twenty-first  Ward  in  Councils  and  in  the  Pennsyl- 
vania Legislature,  and  is  one  of  its  best  known  and  most  highly 
esteemed  citizens. 

The  Cashier,  John  J.  Foulkrod,  has  been  with  the  bank  in  that 
capacity  since  its  organization,  and  is  consequently  well  and  favor- 
ably known  in  the  community. 

The  directors  are  all  well  known  local  business  men.  The  board 
being  composed  of  the  President  and  Cashier,  together  with  the  fol- 
lowing :  Leander  M.  Jones,  dealer  in  coal ;  C.  J.  McGlinchy.  grocer  ; 
Amnion  Piatt,  manufacturer ;  Harmon  Johnson,  retired:  William 
H.  Nixon,  President  of  the  M.  &  W.  H.  Nixon  Paper  Co.  ;  John 
Flanagan,  manufacturer;  William  Rice,  manufacturer. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MANUFACTURERS. 


PILLING  &  MADELEY 


JAMES  POLLOCK 


A  fitting  monument  to  the  memory  of  honest,  industrious  and 
persevering  men  who  have  risen  to  affluence  from  the  most  humble 
beginnings  is  to  be  seen  in  the  great  knitting  mills  of  Pilling  & 
Madelev,  at  the  corner  of  East  Huntingdon  street  and  Trenton 
avenue.  This  enormous  industry  which  gives  work  and  susten- 
ance to  Soo  men  and  women,  was  started  in  October,  1865,  by 
Thomas  and  Joshua  Madelev,  who  came  to  this  country  from  Old- 
ham, England,  and  who  began  the  manufacture  of  hosiery,  on  the 
old  fashioned  svstem,  in  a  small  room  in  Beatty's  mills  at  the 
corner  of  Coral  and  Adams  streets.  The  young  manufacturers 
prospered  from  the  commencement  and  increasing  business  com- 
pelled them  to  move  to  larger  quarters  at  the  corner  of  Amber  and 
Dauphin  streets.  Here  the  business  was  carried  on  until  1871, 
when  another  change  was  made  to  No.  316  Ella  street.  In  June, 
1S75,  the  industry  had  assumed  such  proportions  that  the  Messrs. 
Madelev  determined  to  build  a  mill  for  themselves.  They  accord- 
inglv  purchased  a  plot  of  land  at  the  corner  of  Huntingdon  street 
and  Trenton  avenue,  and  they  built  what  was  then  considered  a 
large  factorv.  In  1S79  an  extension  was  added  and  in  1881  two 
stories  were  added  to  the  original  buildings.  In  1887  No.  2  mill 
was  erected,  and  in  1891  No.  3  mill,  another  large  building,  still 
further  increased  the  establishment,  and  at  the  present  time  the 
mills  cover  an  area  of  half  a  square  and  are  among  the  largest  in 
the  city. 

The  firm  remained  in  the  hands  of  Thomas  and  Joshua  Madelev 
until  1867,  when  Thomas  Madelev  died  and  Joshua  took  his 
brother-in-law,  Robert  Pilling,  a  poor  cotton  spinuer  from  Staley- 
bridge  near  Manchester,  England,  into  partnership,  the  title  of  the 
firm  being  changed  to  Joshua  Madeley  &  Co.  In  October,  1S77, 
Joshua  Madeley  retired,  a  wealthy  man,  and  Thomas  Madeley 's 
widow  and  Robert  Pilling  formed  the  firm  of  Pilling  S:  Madeley. 
Mrs.  Madelev  went  out  in  July,  1884,  and  Richard  Madeley,  her 
son,  was  given  an  interest  in  the  business.  The  firm  now  being 
Robert  Pilling  and  Richard  Madeley. 

In  1865,  when  the  Madeleys  staited,  the  plan  of  manufactur- 
ing was  very  primitive,  and  the  class  of  goods  was  coufined  to 
men's  brown  and  mixed  half  hose.  In  1883  the  industry  was  ex- 
tended and  tne  changes  in  manufacture  necessitated  an  entirely 
new  plant  with  special  machinery.  The  firm  then  started  a 
specialty  in  the  manufacture  of  ribbed  knitted  goods  for  women 
and  children,  which  branch  of  business  they  have  brought  to  great 
perfection  and  they  have  almost  a  monopoly  in  this  country. 
Again  when  seamless  socks  and  stockings  became  the  fashion  an- 
other change  of  machinery  became  imperative,  and  an  outlay  of 
$250,000  was  made  in  the  purchase  of  the  best  machines  for  the 
manufacture  of  the  new  class  of  goods.  In  1SS6  the  firm  took  up 
another  specialty  in  Jersey  ribbed  underwear,  and  they  have  also 
advanced  that  industry  to  marvellous  proportions.  Four  years  ago 
they  took  up  the  dyeing  branch  of  the  business,  and  they  erected 
a  large  dye-house  and  employed  hundreds  of  work-people.  Thus 
from  the  very  modest  inception  in  one  room  at  the  corner  of  Coral 
and  Adams  streets,  has  arisen  one  of  Philadelphia's  largest  factories 
which  adds  to  the  importance  of  a  great  city  and  gives  employment 
and  prosperty  to  nearly  one  thousand  hands.  The  wages  paid  at 
the  commencement  hardly  reached  $100  a  week,  including  the 
salaries  of  the  two  partners,  and  now  the  average  wages  paid  annu- 
ally reach  over  $200,000.  The  sales  aggregate  $750,000  a  year, 
and  the  yarn  used  is  about  one  million  pounds  every  year. 

A  walk  over  the  present  great  factory  of  Pilling  &  Madeley  is 
in  itself  an  education.  Nearly  everything  is  done  by  machinery 
and  the  human  hands  simply  act  as  feeders  to  the  mechanical  auto- 
matons. Wherever  labor  can  be  saved  and  time  gained  it  is  done, 
and  the  order  and  regularity  is  like  that  of  a  great  armv  in  which 
the  most  perfect  discipline  is  required  to  maintain  system  and 
obedience.  In  one  room  alone  250  girls  and  women  are  employed 
in  working  the  machines  for  the  manufacture  of  seamless  stockings 
aud  the  goods  seem  to  materialize  from  the  clicking  needles  of  the 
machines  and  the  busy  hands  of  the  operatives  as  if  by  magic. 
Even  the  great  elevators  in  the  factory  work  automatically,  just  a 
touch  of  a  rope  and  the  machine  goes  up  or  down  at  will  and  the 
gates  at  each  floor  rise  or  fall  without  being  touched  bv  a  living 
hand  aud  as  if  moved  by  an  unseen  spirit.  All  this  has  been 
achieved  by  the  industry  of  three  poor  English  cotton  spinners. 


James  Pollock  is  now  the  leading  manufacturer  of  Venetian  or 
stair  carpet  in  Philadelphia.  Though  born  in  the  north  of  Ireland, 
he  has  been  in  this  country  since  he  was  five  vears  of  age,  and 
though  the  business  is  carried  on  under  the  old  firm  name  of  James 
Pollock  &  Son,  he  has  been  sole  proprietor  since  the  death  of  his 
father  which  occurred  in  187 1.  When  thev  began  the  manufacture 
in  1867,  the  firm,  then  composed  of  his  father  who  was  a  practical 
weaver  and  himself  who  hadjust  attained  majority,  employed  only 
four  looms,  and  from  this  small  beginning  has  grown  the  factorv  at 
the  southwest  corner  of  Tulip  and  Dauphin  streets  and  a  business 
that,  it  is  believed,  is  now  the  largest  of  its  kind  for  this  especial 
grade  of  goods  in  the  United  States. 

Mr.  Pollock  is  not  only  prominent  as  a  manufacturer  but  for 
several  years  has  been  an  important  factor  in  civic  affairs.  For 
nine  years  he  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Public  Education  and 
during  five  of  them  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Superin- 
tendence which  effected  the  greatest  reforms  in  the  methods  of 
education  that  have  been  made  since  the  establishment  of  the  pub- 
lic school  system  in  Philadelphia.  He  was  an  active  member  of 
the  famous  Committee  of  One  Hundred  organized  to  reform  the 
politics  of  the  city.  When  the  Bi-Centennial  celebration  was 
projected  in  1882  Mr.  Pollock,  who  suggested  the  idea,  was 
appointed  to  organize  the  trades'  display  which  was  the  most  note- 
worthy exhibition  of  industries  ever  witnessed  on  the  streets  of  a 
city  in  this  country.  The  establishment  of  the  Manufacturers' 
Club  was  an  outgrowth  of  this  splendid  demonstration  and  of  this 
he  was  one  of  the  organizers  and  has  been  from  the  first  a  director. 
He  is  also  a  director  in  the  Ninth  National  Bank  of  which  he  was 
one  of  the  founders,  and  in  the  Industrial  Trust,  Title  and  Savings 
Company.  In  1SS9  an  association  of  iron  and  textile  manufacturers 
secured  a  controlling  interest  in  the  Florence  Cotton  and  Iron 
Company  of  Alabama  and  elected  him  their  secretarv  and  treasurer. 
This  Company  is  building  an  immense  furnace  at  Florence  on  the 
Tennessee  river.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Union  League  and  several 
other  social  organizations,  including  the  Five  O'clock  Club  of 
which  he  was  recently  president,  and  is  also  president  of  the 
Beacon  1  church)  Dispensary — a  noteworthy  and  practical  charitv — 
which  provides  free  medical  treatment  to  more  than  ten  thousand 
persons  annually. 


THE  HARRISON  SAFETY  BOILER  WORKS 

The  Harrison  Safety  Boiler  Works  at  Germantowu  Junction 
owe  their  origin  to  an  invention  made  more  than  thirty  years  ago 
by  Joseph  Harrison,  Jr.,  of  Philadelphia,  who  achieved  a  wide- 
spread reputation  and  great  wealth  from  the  construction  of  rail- 
ways and  engineering  work  for  the  Russian  Government.  Believ- 
ing it  possible  to  construct  a  steam  generator  that  would  be  abso- 
lutely secure  from  destructive  explosions,  even  when  carelessly 
used,  and  at  the  same  time  economical  of  fuel,  he  held  that  the  true 
theory  of  boiler  construction  was  founded  upon  a  svstem  or  series 
of  uniform  parts,  simple  in  form  and  so  made  and  put  together  that 
in  case  of  rupture  in  any  portion  no  general  break-up  of  the  struc- 
ture could  occur,  the  release  of  the  pressure  by  such  rupture  merely 
causing  a  discharge  of  the  contents  without  explosion  or  serious 
disturbance  of  any  kind.  Carrying  this  idea  into  practical  exe- 
cution he  invented  a  steam  generator  that  differed  radicallv  in 
form  from  any  that  had  ever  heretofore  been  constructed  This 
novel  form  of  boiler  he  submitted  to  the  judgment  of  mechanical 
experts,  and  after  subjecting  it  to  many  experimental  tests  he  be- 
gan its  manufacture,  which  he  continued  with  signal  success  until 
his  death  in  1874.  For  several  years  after  his  decease  the  business 
remained  dormant,  but  in  1SS0  it  was  revived  by  the  present  pro- 
prietors of  the  works,  Messrs.  Joseph  S.  Lowring,  Wharton,  and  Wil- 
liam L.  Hallowell,  who,  in  course  of  time  have  made  manv  im- 
portant improvements  upon  the  original  construction  in  design, 
form  of  setting  and  material  employed,  resulting  in  "  a  product  un- 
surpassed for  uniformity,  reliability,  durability  and  economical 
working."  No  serious  explosion  has  ever  occurred  where  the 
"  Wharton-  Harrison  boiler"  has  been  in  use,  and  the  proprietors 
present  in  their  circular  an  array  of  testimonials  from  manufactur- 
ers and  others  in  all  parts  of  the  United  States.  Messrs.  Cheney- 
Brothers,  the  extensive  silk  manufacturers  of  South  Manchester, 
Conn.,  have  3285  horse  power  in  use,  and  consider  them  superior 
to  any  other  boiler  for  their  purposes. 

The  main  office  and  works  of  the  firm  are  at  Gennantown 
Junction,  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  but  they  have  branch  offices 
in  New  York,  Chicago,  Minneapolis  and  Atlanta,  Georgia. 


193 


Stephen  Girard 

Born  in 
Bordeaux,  France,  May  20,  1750. 


Came  to  Philadelphia, 
May,  1777. 


Died  December  26,  183 r. 


Mariner, 
Merchant,  Banker 

The  richest  man  of  his  period. 


He  became 

a  public  benefactor 

in  founding  Girard  College,  for 

the  benefit  ot  poor  white 

male  orphans. 


FROM   THE   STATUE  AT  GIRARD   COLLEGE 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


COMMERCE. 


I 


'N  a  commercial  sense  Philadelphia  has  never  maintained 
the  prominence  to  which  it  is  entitled  by  its  develop- 
ment of  industrial  and  manufacturing  enterprises. 
But  the  reason  for  this  defection,  a  defection  more 
theoretical  than  actual,  is  not  because  of  lack  of  energy  or 
a  want  of  spirit,  but  is  to  be  found  entirely  in  geographical 
causes.  We  are  a  little  too  near  the  Eastern  seaboard  to 
derive  the  full  advantages  for  internal  commerce  accruing  from 
an  accumulation  of  railroad  competition,  and  we  are  just  a  trifle  too 
far  from  salt  water  to  become  the  prominent  factor  in  foreign  commerce. 
Nevertheless  it  must  not  be  assumed  that  we  are  of  no  weight  in  either  or 
both.  That  eminence  as  the  leading  commercial  city  which  Philadelphia 
possessed  a  hundred  years  ago  has  been  lost  by  the  ravages  of  time  and  the  more 
fortunate  situations  of  the  newer  communities  of  the  country.  Yet  there  still 
remains  with  us  a  sufficiency  of  business  to  make  us  a  history  well  up  with  the  best 
of  them,  and  to  support  a  mercantile  traffic  which  is  none  the  less  secure  because  not 
of  daily  reference  in  public  prints,  nor  any  the  less  profitable  because  it  is  conducted 
conservatively  instead  of  boastfully.  The  reputation  built  up  by  such  landmarks  as 
Girard,  and  the  other  great  merchants  of  the  olden  time,  is  well  sustained  by  those  of  the 
present  day  ;  not  so  national  in  character,  perhaps,  since  there  are  a  hundred  where  once  there 
was  only  one  or  two  ;  nor  so  remarkable  now  since  the  exceptional  wealth  of  their  day  con- 
centrated in  the  few,  is  matched  in  these  days  by  the  many.  We  lose  in  multiplication  the 
salient  features  once  possessed  in  their  singularity,  and  in  the  combination  there  is  not  the 
opportunity  for  special  distinction  of  former  years.  Likely  in  that  new  Philadelphia  to  which 
all  interested  in  the  municipal  welfare  are  looking  forward  and  to  whose  development  the  mer- 
cantile element  is  bending  its  energies,  the  old  prestige  may  be  restored  tenfold  and  be  all  the 
more  brilliant  by  reason  of  its  present  latent  condition.  For,  who  can  contemplate  the  grand 
aggregate  of  wealth,  the  unbounded  credit,  the  high  standing  of  the  commercial  men  of  the  city, 
and  doubt  the  fact  that  with  an  increase  of  facility  more  in  accord  with  the  needs  of  business, 
there  will  be  a  regeneration  and  a  renewal  of  the  fame  which  once  made  Philadelphia  the  head 
and  front  of  American  commerce,  both  internal  and  foreign.  We  have  the  productive  industries 
which  are  the  basis  of  all  commercial  operations  turning  out  the  goods  for  sale  ;  the  great  an- 
thracite mines  of  Pennsylvania  find  their  natural  distributive  point  here  ;  the  grain  and  cotton 
intended  for  export  can  be  as  readily  shipped  and  as  quickly  from  here  as  from  any  other  point, 
and  in  return  the  foreign  products  can  be  brought  in  without  difficulty.  But  these  advantages 
we  have  been  deprived  of  by  reason  of  inadequate  means  of  transportation  and  a  want  of  competition  in  traffic  arrangements 
which  have  combined  to  operate  against  us.  And  it  is  to  remove  these  defects  in  our  domestic  economy  that  a  successful 
termination  of  the  endeavors  now  on  foot  is  needed.  The  point  is,  that  Philadelphia  must  become  a  railroad  terminus 
instead  of  existing  as  a  station  on  the  line  between  the  seaboard  and  the  West ;  that  in  rates  of  transportation,  in  motive 
power  and  equipment,  it  must  be  made  a  full  equal  of  any  other  city  in  the  East.  Already  great  steps  have  been  taken  to 
this  end.  Competition  has  fairly  begun  between  three  great  trunk  lines  to  divide  the  traffic  until  lately  centered  in  one,  and 
already  the  effect  of  this  partition  is  seen  in  the  revival  of  our  trade  and  the  impetus  given  to  new  undertakings  of  all  kinds . 
The  commercial  sentiment  has  been  broadened,  the  volume  of  transactions  distinctly  increased,  the  local  pride  perceptibly 
exalted.  There  is  room  for  further  improvement  and  it  ought  to  be  made.  We  can  never  get  to  be  too  great.  It  is  peremptory 
that  our  progress  should  be  continuous.  We  have  within  our  limits  all  the  requirements  of  a  great  commercial  city,  and 
they  should  be  encouraged  to  show  themselves.  It  will  need  only  a  reasonable  leader  to  set  the  ball  rolling,  and  many  willing 
hands  can  be  found  to  aid  it.  In  the  natural  course  of  events  it  will  be  found  that  the  commercial  status  of  Philadelphia  is 
the  chief  theatre  open  to  new  comers,  and  there  will  always  be  found  room  sufficient.  Financial  cataclysms  such  as  are 
occasional  in  other  mercantile  centres  are  unknown  here.  Credit  is  unimpeached  and  unassailable.  It  is  to  be  noted  that 
the  peculiar  conservatism  invariably  attaching  to  Philadelphia's  methods  is  the  safest  and  surest  means  of  attaining  perma- 
nent success.  The  growth  may  perhaps  be  slow,  but  it  is  clean,  and  with  that  attribute  retrogression  is  impossible.  With 
increasing  facilities  and  the  encouragement  of  the  broadened  sentiment  lately  beginning  to  show  itself  the  future  ought  to 
be  magnificent  in  its  outcome.  The  cultivation  of  local  records,  known  only  locally,  and  made  as  a  matter  of  local  prejudice, 
will  be  found  replaced  by  a  cosmopolitan  development  which  will  bring  Philadelphia  into  the  position  before  the  world  at 
large  which  our  own  people  know  by  experience  it  is  entitled  to  and  which  when  reached  will  be  held  worthily.  South 
America,  the  West  Indies,  the  coasting  trade,  are  all  open  to  us  if  we  merely  express  the  desire  to  grasp  them  ;  the  traffic 
overland  into  the  West,  North  and  South,  is  waiting  our  coming.  It  will  be  criminal  indeed  if  these  opportunities  shall  be 
neglected  or  allowed  to  become  the  prey  of  any  other  city.  We  must  have  them  ;  we  have  the  ability  and  the  energy  equal 
to  them  ;  we  have  the  capacity  to  handle  them  and  still  ask  addition.  The  commercial  greatness  once  attaching  to  Philadelphia 
can  be  regained,  and  we  venture  to  say  the  next  decade  will  prove  this  statement. 


195 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


HOOD,  FOULKROD  &  CO. 

As  a  manufacturing  city  Philadelphia  deservedly  takes  the  lead, 
for  the  number,  size,  and  importance  of  its  industries.  But  the 
Quaker  City  is  also  unexcelled  for  its  great  mercantile  establish- 
ments, whose  branches  reach  out  to  every  State  in  the  Union,  and 
whose  records  for  honesty  and  financial  stability  date  back  almost 
to  the  time  when  William  Penn  made  his  first  trade  with  the 
Indians.  Philadelphia  is  the  nursery  of  American  history,  and  it 
is  also  the  pioneer  city  for  great  enterprises  in  trade,  and  for  large 
commercial  corporations. 

In  reviewing  the  immense  business  enterprises  that  have  been 
built  up  in  this  city  within  the  last  century,  and  those  which  con- 
tribute to  the  greatest  extent  in  supplying  the  actual  necessities 
of  the  people,  the  firm  of  Hood,  Foulkrod  &  Co.,  importers  and 
jobbers  of  dry  goods,  notions,  etc. , 
at  the  southwest  corner  of  Elev- 
enth and  Market  streets,  should 
have  the  first  consideration.  This 
great  firm  holds  the  leading  posi- 
tion in  its  particular  line  in  the 
citv,  and  it  is  one  of  the  largest 
in  the  country. 

The  history  of  this  house 
dates  back  as  far  as  1S23,  when 
the  late  Samuel  Hood,  father  of 
the  present  senior  member  of  the 
firm,  commenced  the  dry  goods 
business  in  a  small  way  uuder  the 
name  of  Hood  &  Co.  The  busi- 
ness prospered,  and,  from  a  small 
beginning,  continued  to  increase 
uutil  1S60,  when  the  firm  became 
Hood,  Bonbright  &  Co.,  James 
Bonbright  being  admitted  as  a 
member.  The  business  steadily 
increased  until  1S64,  when  they 
were  compelled  to  take  larger 
quarters,  and  moved  to  529  Mar- 
ket street.  In  1S72  it  was  again 
found  that  more  room  was  neces- 
sarv  to  meet  the  demands  of  their 
growing  business,  in  consequence 
of  which  the  late  Thomas  Powers 
built  for  their  use  the  stores  at 
811,  813  and  S15  Market  street, 
which  was  at  that  time  considered 
one  of  the  finest  mercantile  buildings  in  the  country.  But  the 
business  still  continued  to  grow,  and  in  1886  even  larger  quarters 
being  required,  the  firm  made  arrangements  with  the  Board  of 
City  Trusts  for  the  erection  by  the  Girard  Estate  of  the  handsome 
structure  they  now  occupy  at  the  corner  of  Eleventh  and  Market 
streets. 

It  was  then,  in  18S6,  that  Mr.  John  Wanamaker  came  into  the 
concern,  and  he  still  further  enlarged  the  trade  b}'  his  energy  and 
experience.  The  house  continued  without  any  very  important 
change  in  its  management  until  July  1,  1890,  when  a  considerable 
reorganization  took  place.  Mr.  Wanamaker  found  that  his  other 
great  store  demanded  his  attention,  and  he  was  also  occupied  with 
the  cares  of  State.  He  therefore  determined  to  retire,  but  to  infuse 
new  blood  into  the  business  by  introducing  some  of  his  old  and 
trusted  employees.  He  also  agreed  to  show  his  faith  in  the  stability 
of  the  house  by  leaving  one  million  dollars  capital  in  the  business. 
Messrs.  John  Wanamaker,  Thomas  B.  Wanamaker,  Robert  Ogden, 
and  William  Bonbright  accordingly  retired,  and  the  personnel  of  the 


new  firm  was  made  up  as  follows  :  Thomas  G.  Hood,  who  for  the 
past  forty  years  has  been  at  the  head  of  the  jobbing  drv  goods 
business  of  Philadelphia;  William  W.  Foulkrod,  who  was  formerly 
a  member  of  the  wholesale  notion  firm  of  Thomas  J.  Mustin  &  Co. 
and  a  manager  in  John  Wanamaker's  store  ;  Uriah  G.  Fox  who  has 
been  connected  with  the  wholesale  dry  goods  business  since  a  boy, 
and  who  was  also  a  member  of  the  old  firm  of  Hood,  Bonbright  & 
Co.,  having  started  with  the  old  Reigel  firm  on  Third  street;  and 
Barton  F.  Blake,  who  for  many  years  held  a  responsible  position 
with  the  Bradstreet  Mercantile  Agency,  and  later  as  the  financial 
manager  of  John  Wanamaker's  business.  With  this  immense 
organization  of  business  strength  and  mercantile  ability  and  experi- 
ence, the  great  firm  started  upon  another  career  of  commercial 
prosperity  and  success.  The  invested  capital  aggregated  $2,000,000, 
besides  the  $1,000,000  left  in  the  business  by  Mr.  Wanamaker,  and 
the  business  done  at  this  time 
amounted  to  over  $12,000,000 
annually. 

Up  to  the  retirement  of  Mr. 
Wanamaker  the  firm  had  made 
carpets  a  considerable  part  of 
their  dealings,  but  the  new  part- 
ners determined  to  drop  that  por- 
tion of  the  business,  and  it  is  now 
devoted  to  wholesale  dealings  in 
dry  goods,  notions,  and  the 
lighter  class  of  goods  imported 
from  Paris,  Switzerland,  Ger- 
many and  all  parts  of  Europe. 

The  splendid  building  in 
which  this  immense  business  is 
transacted  is  considered  one  of 
the  show  places  of  the  citv,  and 
it  is  without  doubt  one  of  the 
handsomest  ami  largest  in  u>e  in 
the  wholesale  dry  goods  business 
ill  the  country.  It  is  entirely  of 
iron,  six  stories  high,  being  one 
bundled  and  forty  feet  from  the 
pavement  to  the  top  of  the  tower. 
The  dimensions  of  the  building 
are  160  feet  front  on  Market  street, 
1S0  feet  on  Eleventh  street,  160 
feet  on  Girard  street,  and  1S0  feet 
on  West  street — the  latter  being  a 
private  street  from  which  the 
house  does  all  its  shipping.  The 
basement  is  used  for  domestic  dry  goods  ;  the  first  floor  is  devoted 
exclusively  to  dress  goods,  in  which  can  be  found  all  the  different 
fabrics  of  foreign  and  domestic  manufacture,  from  the  lowest  price 
cotton  goods  up  to  the  finest  silks  made  ;  the  second  floor  isdevoted 
to  hosiery,  underwear,  gloves,  and  notions;  the  third  floor  to  linens, 
white  goods,  and  upholstery  goods  ;  the  fourth  floor  to  hosiery  and 
underwear  exclusively ;  the  fifth  floor  to  sample  room,  together 
with  storage  room  ;  the  sixth  floor  is  the  packing  and  shipping 
room.  Every  convenience  that  can  possibly  be  thought  of  for  trans- 
acting a  large  business  with  dispatch  can  be  found  in  this  building. 
Here  can  be  seen  daily  a  great  army  of  clerks  and  salesmen 
who  arc  busy  carrying  out  the  details  of  the  various  departments, 
and  helping  along  the  wheels  in  the  machinery  of  a  great  business 
which  is  the  pride  and  glory  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia.  In  addi- 
tion to  the  large  staff  in  the  main  establishment  the  firm  has  buyers 
in  every  large  city  and  emporium  in  the  world,  and  it  has  agencies 
at  No.  337  Broadway,  New  York  ;  at  Market  and  Monroe  streets, 
Chicago,  and  No.  23  Theater  Strasse,  Chemnitz,  Switzerland. 


Thomas  G.  Hood 


196 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


YOUNG,  SMYTH,  FIELD  &  CO. 

Importers  of  Hosiery,  Gloves,  White  Goods,  Notions,  etc. 
Manufacturers  of  Hosiery,  Gloves,  Shirts,  etc.  This  firm  has  been 
established  and  in  successful  operation  for  nearly  half  a  century, 
and  necessarily  attracts  more  than  ordinary  attention  among  the 
larger  commercial  operations  of  the  city. 

The  firm  are  extensive  importers  of  Hosiery,  White  Goods, 
Notions,  etc.  Their  trade  is  of  large  proportions,  stimulated  by  an 
active  demand  from  all  parts  of  the  United  States  for  the  finer  pro- 
ducts of  foreign  skill  and  ingenuity,  in  articles  pertaining  to  the 
line  of  ladies'  and  gentlemen's  furnishing  goods,  etc. 

The  business  was  first  established  in  1S42,  by  Mr.  Armar  Young, 
and  in  1848  the  name  of  the  firm  was  changed  to  Armar  Young,  Bro. 
&  Co.  ;  in  1S55  Young.  Moore  &  Co.  succeeded  ;  in  1S6S  David 
Young  &  Co.,  and  in  1S69  the  present  firm  was  organized,  consist- 
ing of  Mr.  David  Young,  Mr.  Isaac  S.  Smyth,  Mr.  John  Field,  and 
Mr.  Theo.  R.  Graham.  In  the  fall  of  1S90  Mr.  Young  deceased, 
the  surviving  partners  continuing  the  firm  under  the  same  style  of 
Young,  Smyth,  Field  &  Co. 

The  premises  occupied  are 
at  Nos.  816,  818  and  820  Mar- 
ket street,  on  which  is  erected 
a  massive  brick  structure,  eight 
stories  in  height,  47  feet  in 
width  by  2S0  feet  in  depth, 
with  every  convenience  for 
handling,  displaying  and  ship- 
ping goods.  The  stock  carrieil 
is  not  surpassed  in  quality  and 
excellence  by  any  house  in  the 
countrv.  Their  buyers  are  men 
of  good  judgment  regarding 
the  requirements  of  the  Amer- 
ican trade,  and  of  equally  good 
taste  in  making  their  selec- 
tions in  the  principal  manu- 
facturing centres  of  Rurope, 
in  Germany,  England,  France, 
and  Switzerland,  from  houses 
noted  for  their  productions  of 
leading  styles  and  novelties. 
Their  European  branch  house 
is  in  Chemnitz,  No.  23  Theater 
strasse,  in  the  centre  of  the 
hosiery  district  of  Germany. 

It  is  the  aim  of  Messrs. 
Young,  Smyth,  Field  &  Co., 
also  to  be  at  the  front  with  the 
leading  houses  of  the  country, 
in  opening  to  purchasers  the 
latest  and  choicest  styles  and 
novelties  simultaneously  with 
their  appearance  in  London 
and  Paris. 

The  firm  have  a  large  fac- 
tory at  No.  54  N.  Fourth  street 

in  this  city,  for  manufacturing  John   B 

shirts,  overalls,  etc.,  and  em- 
ploy a  force  of  about  400  hands.     Also  hosiery  mills  at  Bristol,  Pa., 
where  are  produced  their  justly  celebrated  "  Y.  S.  F."  brand  of  fast 
color  hosiery,  and  a  glove  factory  at  Germantown,  Pa. 

The  trade  of  the  house  is  very  large  not  only  in  the  city  and 
State,  but  covers  the  country  from  ocean  to  ocean.  The  character- 
istics which  have  regulated  the  policy  of  this  house,  have  entitled 
it  to  general  respect  and  consideration,  and  in  every  respect  they 
are  known  as  one  of  the  most  enterprising  and  successful  houses, 
contributing  largely  to  the  facilities  and  reputation  of  Philadelphia 
as  a  commercial  centre. 


city.  In  after  years  his  two  sons,  William  P.  and  Rodman  B.,  were 
admitted  into  partnership  with  him  and  the  firm  became  John  B. 
Ellison  &  Sons.  Under  this  name  the  business  is  still  carried  on, 
although  the  founder  has  been  dead  over  a  quarter  of  a  century. 
Members  of  the  firm  now  comprise,  in  addition  to  those  men,  Henry 
H.,  William  R.,  and  John  B.  Ellison,  grandsons  of  the  founder,  and 
William  H.  Lewis.  The  business  of  the  house,  established  through 
the  inflexible  industry  and  unblemished  integrity  of  John  B.  Elli- 
son, has  attained  extended  proportions,  with  branch  offices  in  New 
York,  Boston,  Chicago,  St.  Louis,  Cincinnati,  Baltimore,  London 
and  Montreal. 

The  handsome  and  commodious  quarters  at  Nos.  22,  24  and  26 
S.  Sixth  street,  extending  through  to  Decatur  street,  was  erected  by 
the  firm  in  1S81.  It  is  the  oldest,  and  there  is  no  wholesale  woollen 
importing  house  in  America  more  extensive  in  its  operations. 

In  addition  to  the  great  mercantile  enterprise  which  he  founded 
Mr.  Ellison  was  identified  with  several  other  institutions  of  high 
standing  of  a  financial  as  well  as  of  a  public  character.  Emphatic 
in  the  interest  which  he  took  in  the  affairs  of  government  as  well 
as  of  party  development,  he 
ardently  espoused  the  princi- 
ples of  the  Republican  party 
when  it  came  into  power  in 
1861,  and  was  its  earnest  sup- 
porter and  believer  in  the  suc- 
cess of  the  Government  in  the 
war  of  the  Rebellion. 

Mr.  Ellison  was  a  member 
of  the  Society  of  Friends,  as 
were  his  ancestors  for  over  a 
century.  He  was  retiring  in 
his  disposition  and  in  an  indi- 
vidual and  quiet  way  largely 
given  to  charitable  deeds.  In 
early  life  he  took  an  active  in- 
terest in  the  Philadelphia  So- 
ciety for  the  establishment  and 
support  of  Charity  Schools,  in- 
corporated in  1S01.  He  was 
treasurer  of  the  society  from 
January  5,  1841,  to  January  3, 
i860,  and  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  March  7,  1S65,  had  been 
Chairman  of  the  Board  of 
Managers  from  January  II, 
i860,  and  a  member  since  Jan- 
uary 6,  1S29. 

He  was  married  February 
5,  1S24,  to  Hannah  Moore, 
daughter  of  John  and  Hannah 
Moore.  Thev  had  four  chil- 
dren, William  P.,  Rodman  B., 
Elizabeth  M.  and  Margaret 
Ellison. 


JOHN  B.  ELLISON  &  SONS 

John  B.  Ellison,  the  founder  of  this  widely-known  firm,  was  born 
in  this  city  in  1794.     His  parents  were  James  and  Margaret  Ellison. 

Mr.  Ellison  received  an  excellent  academic  education  at  the 
well-known  Westown  school.  His  taste  developing  in  the  direction 
of  mercantile  pursuits  he  became  in  earlv  vears  a  confidential  clerk 
with  Benjamin  Warner,  a  prominent  publisher  and  bookseller  of 
this  city.  In  1S23  he  established  himself  in  the  woollen  business 
at  the  southeast  corner  of  Second  and  Market  streets,  thus  inaugu- 
rating a  mercantile  house  which  eventually  developed  into  one  of 
the  most  extensive  of  the  numerous  commercial  features  of  this 


JOSEPH  H.COATES&CO. 


Ellison  The  business  of  this  firm 

was  originally  established  in 
1865,  in  the  cityiof  Philadelphia,  and  carried  on  under  the  name  of 
Claghorn  &  Herring  at  No.  120  Chestnut  street  and  continued  up  to 
January,  1S78  ;  after  that  time  the  business  was  re-organized  under 
the  firm  name  of  Edward  H.  Coates  &  Co.,  with  Mr.  Charles  E. 
Claghorn  and  Mr.  Herring  as  special  partners.  The  business  con- 
tinued under  that  name  till  January  1,  1S89,  when  the  old  firm  was 
dissolved  and  the  present  one  formed,  as  Joseph  H.  Coates  &  Co., 
Joseph  H.  Coates,  Harrison  B.  Schell  and  John  Walter  Gummey 
being  general  partners  and  Charles  E.  Claghorn  and  Edward  H. 
Coates  special  partners.  Mr.  Herring  has  since  died.  The  busi- 
ness of  the  firm  is  confined  to  the  selling  of  cotton  and  cotton 
yarns,  woollen  and  worsted  yarns  on  commission.  The  members 
of  the  firm  bring  to  bear  the  widest  range  of  practical  experience  in 
this  particular  line  of  business.  They  do  a  large  export  trade  in 
cotton  to  England  and  the  continent,  and  represent  several  large 
cotton  mills  in  North  and  South  Carolina  and  State  of  Georgia.  Mr. 
Harrison  B.  Schell  has  been  connected  with  the  yarn  business  for 
over  twentv  years,  and  Mr.  John  Walter  Gummey  has  likewise  been 
in  the  cotton  business  for  about  the  same  length  of  time.  The  firm 
have  branch  offices  at  Norfolk,  Va.,  and  Galveston,  Tex.,  for  shipping 
cotton  to  foreign  ports.  Mr.  Joseph  H.  Coates  is  a  member  of  the 
Manufacturers'  Club,  Union  League  Club,  and  also  one  of  the  direc- 
tors of  the  Farmers'  and  Mechanics'  National  Bank  of  this  city. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


STRAWBRIDGE  &  CLOTHIER 

In  1S62  Justus  C.  Straw-bridge  and  Isaac  H.  Clothier  opened 
a  dry  goods  store  in  an  old  fashioned  three  story  brick  building, 
which  occupied  a  portion  of  the  site  on  which  the  immense  struc- 
ture of  the  firm  is  located.  The  nucleus  of  the  present  great  house 
of  Straw-bridge  &  Clothier  was  started  with  a  force  of  but  fifteen 
employees,  and  as  the  business  aggregated  only  about  $40,000  a 
vear  they  were  all-sufficient.  In  a  few  years  Messrs.  Strawbridge 
&  Clothier  found  themselves  cramped  for  room,  and  in  186S  moved 
temporarilv  to  the  opposite  side  of  the  street,  while  the  five  story 


constantly  running  to  and  fro  with  their  packages  of  innumerable 
sizes  and  values.  On  the  second  floor  millinerv,  carpets,  uphol- 
stery, ladies'  suits,  wraps,  shawls,  and  boys'  clothing  are  displayed. 
The  third  floor  is  also  used  for  the  display  of  goods  much  of  the 
same  character  as  those  shown  on  the  second  floor.  The  fourth 
floor  is  the  mail  order  department,  with  all  conveniences  for  receiv- 
ing and  answering  correspondence,  and  employing  the  services  of 
between  fifty  and  sixty  people.  The  fifth  and  sixth  floors  are  used 
for  storage  and  a  large  space  in  the  rear  of  the  building  is  for  such 
work  as  can  be  done  in  the  open  air.  The  firm  has  frequently  been 
ssked  to  add  other  departments,  but  even  with   their  numerous  an- 

building  and  other  extensions  which  marked  the  firm's  next  step      ncxes  they  find  it  impossible  to  comply. 

in  advance  were  being  made.      A  still  further  increase  of  business  Among  the  other  goods  handled  in  large  quantities  are  worsted 


demanded  the  possession  of 
adjacent  properties,  and  so 
gradually  building  after  build- 
ing was  secured,  on  Eighth 
street  as  well  as  Market  street. 
About  six  years  ago  eleven 
three-storv  brick  houses  on 
Filbert  street  were  purchased 
and  added  to  the  main  build- 
ing. Additions  after  additions 
were  made,  until  now,  as  com- 
bined in  one  vast  structure,  the 
buildings  stand  155  feet  on 
Market  street  ami  236  feet  on 
Filbert  street.  The  entire 
depth  is  305  feet.  On  Filbert 
street,  opposite  their  buildings, 
the  firm  have  erected  commo- 
dious stables,  arranged  after 
the  fashion  of  those  of  the  Bon 
Marche,  Paris.  The  first  floor 
is  for  the  accommodation  of 
delivery  wagons  and  harness, 
the  second  for  stabling  the 
horses,  and  the  third  for  feed 
and  rooms  for  the  engineers, 
stablemen,  etc. 


Justus  C.  Strawbridge 


novelties  and  novelties  in  cot- 
ton goods,  designs  in  French 
wool,  velvet  and  plush  bro- 
cades, fancy  robes  for  ladies' 
dresses,  heavily  embroidered, 
great  fine  silk,  brocaded,  and 
embroidered  dress  fronts, 
many  of  them  imported.  All 
the  latest  ideas  in  bead  em- 
broidery are  shown  on  the 
fronts  of  garments.  The  silk 
counter  is  200  feet  long  and  the 
largest  in  the  United  States. 
Beginning  with  heavy  black 
silks,  the  stock  runs  to  all  the 
milliners'  shades  and  tones. 
There  are  printed  challies, 
mohairs,  cashmeres,  checks, 
plaids,  mournings,  and  half 
mourning  goods.  There  are 
low  priced  materials,  as  cali- 
coes, ginghams,  and  the  vari- 
ous articles  shownlin  the  linen 
department.  There  are  coun- 
ters devoted  to  lawns  ami  seer- 
suckers, table  and  piano  cov- 
ers, ladies'  wraps  and  jackets, 


The  establishment  of  Strawbridge  &   Clothier   is   the  largest      and  misses'  coats,  velvets  of  all  varieties,  calico  and  silk  wrappers| 


strictly  dry  goods  store  in  the  world.  There  is  nothing  in  New- 
York  or  London  of  equal  size,  and  in  Paris  the  nearest  approach  is 
the  Bon  Marche.  That,  however,  is  not  exclusively  given  over  to 
dry  goods,  and  Strawbridge  &  Clothier  therefore  justly  claim  that 
their  establishment  is  without  an  equal.     Each  department  has  its 


and  imported  evening  costumes.  There  is  a  dark  room  on  the  first 
floor  where  ladies'  toilets  are  displayed  by  either  gas  or  electric 
light.  The  room  is  hung  with  mirrors  and  surrounded  by  curtains, 
which  can  be  drawn  back  at  pleasure,  thus  giving  a  purchaser  the 
opportunity  of  seeing  a  dress  by  daylight,  gas,  or  electric  light. 


own  special  place,  all  being  arranged  as  experience  has  shown  for      In  the  millinerv  department  there  are  bonnets  of  every  size  and 


the  quickest  transaction  of  business.  On  the  first  floor  the  main 
stock,  comprising  cloths,  silks,  dress  goods,  and  linens,  and  French 
and  American  cottons,  flannels,  blankets,  anil  domestics  are  dis- 
played. There  is  here  a  bureau  of  information  with  telegraph  and 
telephone  accommodations,  where  postage  stamps  can  be  secured 
and  railroad  time  tables  can  be  consulted.  On  this  floor  there  are 
retail  goods  entirely.  The  cashier  and  package  wrappers  are  in 
balconies  hung  on  the  wall,  and  to  them  are  sent  the  wire  baskets 


shape  conceivable.  The  shades  of  their  materials  are  innumerable. 
The  buyers  of  the  firm  are  sent  to  the  most  distant  parts  of  the 
earth.  The  trade  is  classified  under  various  heads,  and  each  depart- 
ment has  its  own  force  to  make  purchases. 

Under  the  system  perfected  by  Strawbridge  &  Clothier,  shop- 
ping by  mail  is  almost  as  satisfactory  as  a  personal  visit.  Experi- 
enced artists  make  exact  copies  of  the  articles  on  view  in  the  vari- 
ous departments  and  send  out  the  illustrations  with  descriptions 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


and  prices  accompanying.  Care  must  be  taken  by  the  persons  or- 
dering to  insure  satisfaction.  The  following  simple  directions  will 
be  found  useful :  "  When  writing  be  sure  to  have  your  name,  post- 
office,  county  and  state  written  plainly.  Full  and  legible  addresses 
besides  greatlv  facilitating  business  insure  prompt  attention.  Illeg- 
ible orders  and  imperfect  addresses  are  necessarily  attended  to  last. 
Always  sign  the  same  name,  as  much  annoyance  is  often  caused 
by  the  receiver  of  the  order  not  knowing  that  Mrs.  Mary  Smith  and 
Mrs.  John  Smith  mean  the  same.  Articles  may  be  returned  which 
do  not  please  after  being  received,  provided  they  are  returned  in 
perfect  condition.  In  returning  them  by  mail  they  must  be  so 
wrapped  that  the  contents  of  the  package  may  be  examined  at  the 
postoffice  without  having  to  cut  the  wrapper  or  the  cord  with 
which  it  may  be  tied.  If  tied 
with  string,  a  slip-knot,  and 
not  a  hard  knot,  should  be 
made.  The  package  must  not 
be  pasted  or  sealed.  An  en- 
velope notched  at  the  corners 
is  not  a  proper  wrapper. 
Writing  of  any  kind  must  not 
be  inclosed  in  the  package, 
but  the  name  and  address  of 
the  sender  may  be  written 
upon  the  outside.  Any  viola- 
tion of  these  regulations  sub- 
jects the  package  to  letter 
postage,  which  in  many  cases 
exceeds  the  value  of  the  goods. 
When  you  return  goods  always 
write  to  Strawbridge  &  Cloth- 
ier on  the  same  day."  Cus- 
tomers are  urged  to  have  valu- 
able articles  sent  by  express, 
as  the  companies  are  responsi- 
ble and  will  pay  for  the  goods 
if  lost.  Over  forty  men  and 
women  are  constantly  em- 
ployed in  the  mailing  and  ex- 
press department  alone,  and 
the  sales  amount  to  hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars  annually. 
The  wholesale  department  was  established  in  1SS0,  and  its  chief 
business  is  in  silk  and  dress  goods,  and  within  recent  vears  it  has 
dealt  largely  with  imported  fabrics.  It  has  now  from  forty  to 
fifty  men  on  the  road,  and  their  buyers  are  all  over  the  world. 

In  this  great  establishment  there  are  dressing  rooms  and  lunch 
rooms  for  the  employees.  The  lunch  rooms  are  comfortably 
furnished,  and  here  the  clerks  can  eat  their  own  meals  which  they 
have  brought  with  them,  and  where,  if  desired,  tea,  milk  and 
coffee  and  a  good  lunch  is  served  at  a  nominal  price. 

The  employees  of  Strawbridge  &  Clothier  participate  in  the 
profits  of  the  firm,  while  liberal  salaries  are  paid  to  all.  The  firm 
further  contribute  to  the  beneficial  association  of  their  employees. 
It  urges  and  encourages  its  employees  to  form  associations  for  the 
saving  of  money,  and  "The  Strawbridge  &  Clothier  Saving  Fund  " 


Isaac  H.  Clothier 


has  been  for  several  years  a  marked  success.  One  of  the  most 
pleasant  features  of  the  management  is  the  free  entertainments 
given  frequently  at  the  Academy  of  Music.  Every  employee  who 
wishes  a  seat  is  supplied,  and  can  invite  a  friend.  There  is 
positively  no  favoritism  in  the  distribution  of  tickets,  as  the 
pasteboards  are  thoroughly  mixed  up  before  being  given  out. 
The  entire  seating  capacity  of  the  Academy  is  always  filled  and 
in  addition  as  many  admission  tickets  as  the  regulations  allow 
are  distributed. 

Justus  C.  Strawbridge  was  born  near  Reading,  Pa.,  in  1838. 
He  is  a  son  of  Dr.  George  F.  Strawbridge,  a  graduate  of  the  medi- 
cal department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania.  When  young 
Strawbridge  was  ten  years  of  age  his  father  died,  when  his  mother 
removed  to  Philadelphia, 
bringing  the  child  with  her, 
Mrs.  Strawbridge  having  been 
born  in  this  city.  When  but 
sixteen  years  of  age  young 
Justus  entered  a  wholesale  silk 
house  at  a  salary  of  $50  a  year. 
As  has  been  shown,  in  1S62  he 
entered  the  commercial  field 
with  Isaac  H.  Clothier  as  part- 
ner, and  the  two  gentlemen 
have  been  associated  together 
ever  since. 

Mr.  Strawbridge  is  a  di- 
rector in  the  Provident  Life 
and  Trust  Company,  the  Dela- 
ware Insurance  Company,  the 
Havcrford  College,  the  Ger- 
mantowii  Saving  Fund.  Presi- 
dent of  the  City  Bridge  Com- 
pany, and  a  member  of  nu- 
merous charitable  and  educa- 
tional institutions.  It  was 
mainly  through  the  efforts  of 
Mr.  Strawbridge  that  the 
bridge  across  the  Schuylkill 
River  was  built.  Mr.  Straw- 
bridge  was  always  prominent  in  politics,  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  of  One  Hundred,  and  afterwards  of  the  Committee  of 
Fifty. 

Mr.  Isaac  H.  Clothier  was  born  November  5,  1S37,  and  began 
his  mercantile  career  in  the  establishment  of  Messrs.  George  D. 
Parrish&Co.,  importers,  Chestnut  street,  above  Third.  He  as- 
sisted in  organizing  the  firm  of  Morris,  Clothier  &  Lewis,  and  was 
a  member  until  he  withdrew  and  joined  Mr.  J.  C.  Strawbridge  in 
establishing  the  firm  of  Strawbridge  &  Clothier.  Mr.  Clothier  has 
been  actively  identified  with  the  educational  interests  of  the  city 
generally,  and  with  Swarthmore  College  in  particular,  having 
served  as  a  manager  manv  years.  He  also  donated  $40,000  to  said 
college,  with  which  "The  Isaac  H.  Clothier  Chair  "  of  Latin  lan- 
guage and  literature  was  endowed.  He  is  a  director  of  the  Phila- 
delphia National  Bank  and  a  member  of  the  Union  League. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


LIPPINCOTT,  JOHNSON  &  COMPANY 

The  business  of  this  house  was  established  in  the  year  1S2S,  by 
Lippincott  &  Perry,  who  continued  it  until  1865,  when  the  firm  be- 
came as  at  present  organized,  consisting  of  Mr.  Joshua  W.  Lippin- 
cott, Mr.  Ellwood  Johnson  and  Mr.  David  T.  Burr,  thus,  during  the 
long  period  of  over  sixty  years  admitting  of  but  one  change  in  the 
firm  name  ;  which,  together  with  the  uninterrupted,  successful  career 
of  the  house,  through  all  the  great  financial  crises  of  the  country 
that  have  tried  the  stability,  skill  and  credit  of  financial  and  com- 
mercial firms  to  the  utmost,  is  a  point  deserving  of  comment. 

The  house  is  everywhere  known  as  the  oldest  in  Philadelphia, 
engaged  in  the  wholesale  trade  in  woolens,  and  early  in  its  career 
attained  a  prominent  position  and  became  noted  for  the  extent  of 
their  importations,  and  the  great  variety  of  domestic  manufactures 
carried.  Their  connections  with  many  of  the  leading  manufactu- 
rers ot  Europe  have  been  in  continuous  existence,  for  more  than 
half  of  a  century.  The  experience  acquired  in  such  a  time,  the 
acquaintances  made  with  business  men,  the  history  of  commercial 
houses  rising  and  falling  through  all  these  years,  known  to  them, 
would  make  an  interesting  record  of  mercantile  life.  It  is,  however, 
the  knowledge  and  practical  experience  so  acquired  that  lend  to  the 
house  its  supremacy  and  importance,  and  bring  to  Philadelphia 
customers  from  every  section  of  the  United  States  to  find  in  their 
stock  of  cloths  the  finest  fabrics  known  to  the  merchant  tailoring 
trade  of  America  whether  of  foreign  or  domestic  make. 

The  premises  occupied  at  629  Market  street  are  22  x  130  feet  in 
dimensions  and  comprise  the  entire  four  stories  and  basement  of 
the  building.  The  stock  collected  here  and  the  perfect  facilities 
for  the  prompt  fulfilment  of  orders,  have  been  duly  appreciated  by 
the  trade  and  from  year  to  year  the  firm  have  held  their  customers 
to  the  extent  of  their  accommodations. 

Their  salesmen  visit  the  principal  cities  and,  in  all,  a  staff  of 
thirty  emplovees  are  engaged  in  their  operations. 

Mr.  Lippincott  was  born  near  Riverton,  New  Jersey,  and  is  a 
nephew  of  the  founder  of  the  house,  and  for  thirty  years  has  been 
active  in  the  mercantile  and  financial  interests  of  Philadelphia.  He 
is  a  Director  in  the  National  State  Bank  of  Camden. 

Mr.  Johnson  was  born  in  Geruiantown  ;  for  more  than  twenty- 
five  years  he  has  been  a  Trustee  in  the  Perm  Mutual  Life  Insurance 
Co.,  and  active  in  the  interests  of  the  firm  and  the  city. 

Mr.  Burr  is  a  native  of  Burlington,  New  Jersey,  and  also  for 
more  than  fiftv  years  has  been  identified  with  the  business  interests 
of  Philadelphia. 


ALFRED  H.  LOVE 

Alfred  Henry  Love,  of  the  firm  of  Alfred  H.  Love  &  Co.,  Com- 
mission merchants  for  the  sale  of  cotton  and  woolen  goods,  was 
born  m  Philadelphia,  September  7,  1830.  His  parents  were  William 
H.  Love  and  Rachel  Love,  formerly  Evans,  highly  esteemed  and  in- 
terested in  good  works.  William  H.  Love  was  one  of  the  earliest 
merchants  in  Philadelphia  to  establish  a  distinctive  cloth  business 
and  imported  some  of  the  finest  goods  for  men's  wear  that  came  to 
this  country. 

Alfred  H.  Love  graduated  in  the  Central  High  School  and  when 
seventeen  years  old  entered  his  father's  store  at  fifty  dollars  a  year, 
and  when  of  age  was  admitted  a  member  of  the  firm,  making  visits 
to  the  South  and  West,  and  also  to  Europe  in  1854. 

In  the  fifteenth  year  of  his  age  he  aided  in  organizing  the 
American  Literary  Union  which  was  chartered  in  1S49,  and  he  has 
been  its  President  for  over  thirty  years.  While  at  school  he  assisted 
in  editing  a  magazine  in  manuscript,  and  at  different  periods  has 
been  on  the  Board  of  Management  of  the  Mercantile  Library  and 
Spring  Garden  Institute.  In  1S59  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
Pliiladelphia  Society  for  Alleviating  the  Miseries  of  Public  Prisons, 
now  the  Pennsylvania  Prison  Society  and  of  which  he  is  a  Vice- 
President,  and  continues  his  visits  to  prisons,  and  succeeded  Joseph 
R.  Chandler  as  the  Editor  of  the  Journal  of  Prison  Discipline  and 
Philanthropy. 

He  has  several  times  been  a  delegate  to  the  National  Prison 
Congresses  and  once  commissioned  by  Governor  Beaver  to  rep- 
resent the  State  of  Pennsylvania.  He  was  early  interested  in  the 
cause  of  Peace  and  Arbitration  as  a  substitute  for  war.  and  his  peace 
principles  were  severely  tested  in  1S63  at  the  time  of  the  late  civil 
war,  when  he  was  drafted.  He  firmly  maintained  his  conscientious 
convictions,  refusing  to  become  a  soldier  or  to  comply  with  any  of 
the  active  provisions  of  the  commutation  law  ;  he  would  neither 
pay  the  exemption  fee  nor  accept  a  substitute  though  both  were 
offered  him.  He  stood  by  the  Bill  of  Rights  of  the  State  of  Penn- 
sylvania, viz  :  "No  human  authority  can  in  any  case  whatsoever  con- 
trol or  interfere  with  the  rights  of  conscience.  "    He  refused  to  sell 


goods  for  the  army  or  navy.  He  had  always  been  a  strong  anti- 
slavery  man  and  willingly  aided  the  freedmen  and  sick  and 
wounded  soldiers  wherever  found.  In  1866  he  was  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Universal  Peace  Union,  a  society  organized  to  re- 
move the  causes  and  abolish  the  customs  of  war  ;  to  establish  the 
principles  and  live  the  conditions  of  peace.  This  societv  was  after- 
wards chartered,  and  he  was  made  its  President  and  still  holds  that 
office.  He  has  assisted  in  a  number  of  important  arbitrations, 
notably  the  strike  of  the  shoemakers  in  1S84  and  1SS5,  when  he 
aided  in  formulating  the  eleven  cardinal  rules  for  the  settlement  of 
difficulties  between  capital  and  labor  and  which  have  proven  effi- 
cient in  preventing  a  number  of  strikes  and  lockouts.  With  Lucre- 
tia  Mott,  Dr.  Childs  and  others  he  early  suggested  the  Treatv  of 
Washington  and  the  Geneva  Arbitration  for  the  settlement  of  the 
difficulties  between  this  country  and  Great  Britain,  and  has  always 
been  prompt  to  propose  an  amicable  adjustment  of  disputes  between 
nations  or  individuals.  For  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century  he  has 
edited  the  Peacemaker  and  Court  of  Arbitration,  a  monthlv 
magazine,  the  organ  of  the  Peace  Union,  and  he  has  aided  in  estab- 
lishing some  thirty  branch  Peace  societies  in  different  parts  of  the 
world.  He  has  vigorously  labored  for  disarmament  and  the  estab- 
lishment of  an  International  Tribunal  of  Arbitration.  He  has  al- 
ways taken  an  active  part  in  behalf  of  equal  rights,  temperance,  the 
abolition  of  the  death  penalty,  true  religion,  the  Indians  and  the 
oppressed  of  all  nations,  the  relief  of  the  poor,  and  reformatorv  work 
in  politics  and  commerce,  being  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade 
and  various  benevolent  societies.  While  firm  and  radical  in  his 
position,  he  is  liberal  and  charitable  to  all  irrespective  of  political 
or  religious  differences. 

The  business  of  the  firm  is  largely  in  felt  goods,  being  the  most 
extensive  in  this  line  ill  Philadelphia,  and  materially  extending  the 
demand  for  this  important  industry  of  our  country. 

The  offices  of  the  firm  of  A.  H.  Love  &  Co.,  are  at  219  Chest- 
nut street. 

PHILIP  S.  JUSTICE  &  COMPANY 


The  firm  of  Philip  S.  Justice  &  Company  are  dealers  in  heavy 
railway  supplies,  such  as  rails,  tyres,  wheels,  and  axles,  forging 
machines,  hydraulic  machinery,  etc.  Previous  to  1812.  and  long 
afterwards,  the  firm  of  George  M.  &  G.  R.  Justice  conducted  a  job- 
bing hardware  business  on  Market  street,  the  senior  partner  of  that 
firm  being  the  father  of  Philip  S.,  with  whom  he  acquired  his 
business  education.  In  1.N3.S  he  organized  the  firm  of  Steiumetz  & 
Justice,  which  later  on  admitted  Alfred  B.  Justice  to  partnership,  and 
continued  for  many  years  thereafter  as  Justice,  Steiumetz  X:  Justice. 
About  1856  Mr.  Philip  S.  Justice  withdrew  from  the  firm  and  organ- 
ized the  firm  of  Philip  S.  Justice  &  Co.,  associating  with  him  Mr. 
Beam,  Mr.  Cobb,  Mr.  Crout,  Mr.  Wilson,  anil  Mr.  J.  Howard  Mitch- 
ell, the  last  of  all  Mr.  Justice's  partners,  being  the  only  one  living. 

In  1S59  t'le  hardware  business  was  abandoned  and  the  energies 
of  the  firm  concentrated  on  the  railway  supply  business,  which  began 
to  be  the  leading  feature.  A  large  order  for  imported  wrought  iron 
wheels  and  axles  from  the  Canadian  and  Northwestern  Railroads, 
and  a  little  later  the  first  steel  rails  ever  laid  in  this  country  were 
imported  for  Mr.  Thomson,  President  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  ; 
these  rails  were  of  crucible  steel  and  broke  all  to  pieces  the  first 
winter.  Other  orders,  however,  followed  from  the  same  road  for 
rails  of  a  milder — less  brittle — quality,  and  proved  a  great  success 
and  the  introduction  of  steel  rails  into  this  country.  The  Old 
Beaver  Meadow  mow  Lehigh  Valley)  also  gave  an  order  for  100 
tons  of  steel  rails  at  $125  Per  ton  in  gold  ;  gold  then  being  at  a 
premium  of  about  100  percent.,  the  rails  cost  5250  per  ton  currency. 
To-day  rails  of  a  superior  quality  of  American  manufacture  can  be 
bought  for  530  per  ton  currency  !  ! 

Mr.  Justice  was  the  pioneer  of  the  enormous  steel  rail  interests 
of  the  country.  In  1866  Mr.  Justice  organized  and  built  the  Butcher 
Steel  Works  (now  the  Midvale  Steel'Worksl  on  the  line  of  the 
Reading  Railroad  at  Nicetown,  and  then  made  the  first  steel  tyres 
manufactured  in  America,  besides  axles,  frogs,  and  forgings,  and 
from  a  small  plant  costing  some  $130,000  to  5200,000,  the  present 
large  and  extensive  establishment  has  grown  with  its  million  to  two 
millions  of  investment.  For  many  years  Mr.  Justice  has  resided  in 
London  in  charge  of  interests  there,  while  Mr.  Mitchell  attends  to 
the  business  in  Philadelphia.  Their  connections  cover  the  Ameri- 
can continent.  Many  new  devices  have  been  introduced  by  this  firm 
in  the  way  of  American  machinery  in  England,  France,  and  Ger- 
manv.  Mr.  George  M.  Justice  devoted  much  time  to  scientific 
attainments,  and  imported  and  presente'd  the  large  telescope  to  the 
High  School.  While  in  business  in  Market  street  he  commanded 
the  confidence  of  a  large  circle  of  business  friends  for  whom  he 
acted  as  banker  in  1S12  and  afterwards. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


PHIL.   J.  WALSH 

Phil.  J.  Walsh  the  proprietor  of  America's  largest  instalment 
house  has,  undoubtedly,  been  the  most  successful  of  all  those  in 
his  special  line.  It  is  the  boon  for  hcnest  housekeepers  to  be 
blessed  with  such  a  gentleman  to  deal,  where  they  can  secure  what 
thev  desire  for  their  personal  or  household  needs  on  the  easiest 
of  weekly  pavments  at  prices  that  compare  favorably  with  those 
exacted  at  the  largest  cash  houses.  The  difference  between  the 
credit  and  cash  houses  is  looked  at  by  many  in  different  phases. 
It  is  a  blessing  for  those  who  have  not  the  ready  cash  wherewith  to 
make  their  purchases  if  they  fall  into  the  hands  of  a  gentleman 
like  Mr.  Walsh,  whose  business  methods  and  integrity  are  beyond 
question.  But  it  is  a  curse  to  fall  into  the  meshes  of  the  nets  of 
manv  of  the  unscrupulous  dealers  who  believe  that  the  road  to 
success  tends  to  fleece  the  person  who  buys  on  credit.  Of  one 
thing  those  desiring  to  buy  on  Mr.  Walsh's  plan  can  feel  assured, 
that  thev  will  get  honest  goods  at  honest  prices,  and  his  liberal 
offer  to  those  who  deal  with  him,  that  "  if  the  goods  are  not 
satisfactory  and  as  represented,  I  will  allow  all  reasonable  claims," 
protects  them  in  their  purchases.  This  motto  has  been  the  key 
note  of  success  of  the  vast  busi- 
ness founded  by  this  prosperous 
merchant,  and  the  immense 
building,  of  which  we  give  the 
illustration  on  this  page,  rises  as 
a  memento  above  all  others  as 
the  result  of  the  mammoth  pro- 
portions to  which  his  trade  has 
grown.  Let  us  wander  back  a 
few  years  and  meet  Mr.  Walsh 
as  the  enterprising  young  busi- 
ness man  starting  out  with 
nothing  but  a  small  amount  of 
stock  in  trade  and  a  large  store 
of  perseverance,  and  follow  him 
up  through  the  struggles  of  early 
business  life. 

Starting  in  a  modest  way  at 
Fourth  and  Washington  ave.,  he 
forged  his  way  ahead  until,  in  a 
short  time,  he  found  his  facilities 
were  inadequate  to  the  demand 
of  his  steadily  increasing  trade, 
and  consequentlv  was  forced  to 
look  up  some  location  more 
central.  With  an  apparently 
great  stride  he  moved  to  Monroe 
street  near  Second,  to  a  private 
house  where  his  home  comforts 
and  business  were  provided  un- 
der the  one  roof;  but  the  restless 
spirit  of  progress  was  still  on  the 
move  and,  ever  on  the  alert  to 
push  further  ahead,  he  estab- 
lished a  branch  in  Camden, 
N.  J.,  where  he  found  an  ex- 
cellent field;  but  the  Monroe  street  house  became  too  small  for  the 
growing  Philadelphia  trade,  and  an  opportunity  of  two  stores  on 
Second  street  below  Bainbridge  street,  offered  itself,  and  then 
began  the  growing  process  which  finally  lauded  him  among  the 
largest  business  houses  of  the  city,  where  he  incorporated  his 
entire  business  under  one  roof  at  No.  28  South  Second  street.  It 
seemed  as  though  this  store  was  too  much.  It  covered  a  consider- 
able area  of  floor  space,  and  the  stock  from  the  combined  stores 
could  be  nicely  hidden  in  a  small  part  of  this  large  four-story 
building.  However,  Mr.  Walsh  was  not  disconcerted  at  this  and 
he  filled  it  up  with  desirable  merchandise,  the  newest  and  best 
things  the  market  offered,  and  business  still  kept  increasing  until 
in  a  very  few  years  he  found  that  he  would  be  compelled  to  procure 
more  room  ;  and  again  the  opportunity  presented  itself  in 
the  ground,  where  now  stands  the  largest  credit  house  in  the 
world.  The  properties  32  and  34  South  Second  street,  were  for 
sale,  and  with  his  growing  business  demands  Mr.  Walsh  concluded 
to  purchase  the  properties  and  erect  a  model  business  house  with 
all  the  modern  facilities  of  present-day  methods,  and  hence  sprung 
the  White  Palace  so  well  known  to  the  people  of  Philadelphia  and 
the  surrounding  counties. 

Of  the  most  modern  style  of  architecture,  with  a  solid  iron 
front  and  seven  floors  devoted  to  every  class  of  merchandise,  this 
grand  building  rears  its  head  far  above  those  of  the  neighborhood, 
and  has  given  a  new  life  to  old  Second  street,  the  most  important 


w8 

IfllHE 
illll  I 

"MM 


business  street  in  days  gone  by.  The  entire  first  floor  of  No.  2S  store 
is  devoted  to  the  display  of  watches,  diamonds,  jewelry,  silver- 
ware, china,  lamps,  brie-a-brac  fancy  ornaments,  hardware,  cutlerv, 
soaps,  perfumery,  garden  hose,  screens,  pictures,  etc.  ;  the  second, 
to  the  offices  of  the  collectors  and  the  dressmaking  department ; 
the  third  and  fourth,  to  the  manufacture  of  mattresses.  Mr. 
Walsh  feels  more  confidence  in  selling  those  produced  on  his 
premises,  as  he  knows  that  above  all  else  they  should  be  made  well 
and  that  after  a  day's  toil  nothing  is  more  essential  to  the  welfare 
of  the  workingman  than  to  have  an  easy  bed  where  the  sleepy  god 
will  not  have  "to  be  courted,"  but  will  come  when  the  weary- 
worker  seeks  his  couch. 

The  building  No.  30  is  devoted  to  the  business  offices,  the 
dining-room  of  the  employees,  the  department  for  the  busheling 
of  the  clothing,  and  his  complete  printing  establishment.  The 
next  building  occupies  32  and  34  South  Second  street,  where  the 
bustle  during  busy  season,  and,  in  fact  all  the  year  round,  is  a 
strong  evidence  of  the  popularity  of  the  business  as  carried  on 
under  Mr.  Walsh's  admirable  system.  In  this  building  the  entire 
first  floor,  with  the  exception  of  Mr.  Walsh's  private  offices,  is 
devoted  to  ladies'  wear ;  everything  imaginable  for  the  general  use 
and  personal  use  as  well  is  to  be 
found  here  in  profusion,  dress 
goods,  and  underwear  and  hosi- 
ery, silks  and  satins,  wrap-jack- 
ets, blazers,  boots,  shoes,  and 
slippers,  millinery,  umbrellas, 
and  every  little  detail  necessary 
for  the  complete  outfit  of  the 
fair  sex,  as  well  as  a  department 
for  household  requisites,  such  as 
table  anil  bed  linens,  napkins, 
spreads,  blankets,  bureau  scarfs, 
table  covers,  lace  and  chenille 
curtains.  The  second  floor  is 
devoted  entirely  to  wearing  ap- 
parel formen,  boys  and  children, 
embracing  a  handsome  line  of 
ready-made  clothing  of  Mr. 
Walsh's  own  manufacture,  as 
well  as  the  best  that  can  be  had 
from  the  most  reliable  wholesale 
clothing  houses  in  the  country. 
Everything  in  this  department 
must  be  as  represented  and  if 
the  goods  turn  out  otherwise,  it 
is  always  a  pleasure  for  Mr. 
Walsh  to  make  the  customer 
such  an  allowance  as  he  thinks 
will  recompense  him.  This  floor 
also  contains  the  gent's  furnish- 
ing, shoe  and  hat  departments, 
where  all  the  latest  novelties  can 
lie  had  during  the  season.  The 
third  floor  is  devoted  to  the  dis- 
play of  carpets,  rugs,  mats,  oil- 
cloth, art  squares,  matting,  and 
everything  imaginable  for  the  covering  of  floors  of  houses  of  all 
degrees.  The  line  embraces  the  finest  grades  of  body  brussels, 
moquettes,  wiltons,  ingrains  and  tapestry.  One  would  be  hard  to 
please  if  they  could  not  find  in  this  beautiful  array  some  pattern 
to  strike  their  taste,  as  the  variety  shown  covers  almost  every  color, 
every  pattern  and  every  cover  produced.  The  fourth  is  the  be- 
ginning of  the  furniture  exhibit.  Here,  in  endless  assortment  are 
shown  brocatelle.  rug,  tapestry,  mohair,  silk  and  embossed  plush 
parlor  suites,  mirrors,  ladies'  and  gents'  desks,  fancy  rockers,  book- 
cases, library  tables,  cabinets,  and  china  closets,  making  a  most 
complete  arrav.  The  fifth  floor  is  devoted  to  bed-room  suites, 
sideboards,  hall  stands,  chiffoniers,  and  are  shown  in  every  style 
and  every  class  of  wood.  Lounges,  couches,  sofa,  mantel  and 
folding  beds,  wardrobes,  baby  carriages,  cribs,  refrigerators  and 
ice  chests  are  on  the  sixth  floor.  The  basement  is  used  for  kitchen 
and  common  chairs,  the  shipping  department,  the  dynamos,  which 
furnish  the  large  arc-lights  used  throughout  the  stores,  and  the 
toilet  rooms.  In  the  sub-cellar  are  the  immense  engines  which 
furnish  the  power  for  the  elevators  and  the  dynamos.  Mr.  Walsh 
justly  feels  proud  at  the  progress  he  has  made  in  the  establishment 
and  reconstruction  of  the  instalment  business,  and  his  advice  to 
manv  who  badly  used  those  who  bought  on  credit,  is  that,  as  the 
illustrious  Lincoln  said:  "  You  can  fool  some  of  the  people  all  the 
time,  and  all  of  the  people  some  of  the  time,  but  you  can't  fool  all 
the  people  all  the  time,"  if  you  would  prosper  in  trade. 


Phil.  J.  Walsh's  Stores 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


HALL  &  CARPENTER 

Hall  &  Carpenter,  importers  of  tin  and  terne  plates,  metals, 
tinsmiths'  and  stove  makers'  supplies,  sheet  copper,  iron,  tinners' 
tools,  machines,  &c.  Aptly,  indeed,  has  it  been  said  that  "  knowl- 
edge is  power,"  and  perhaps  in  no  country  is  the  thirst  for  informa- 
tion more  marked  than  in  our  own,  nor  indeed  anywhere  has  that 
information  when  acquired  been  utilized  to  more  definite  purpose 
and  advantage,  as  is  amply  evidenced  by  the  gigantic  commercial 
enterprises  so  marked  among  our  commercial  business  and  manu- 
facturing firms  of  this  city,  which  cannot  be  better  exemplified  than 
in  the  firm  of  Messrs.  Hall  &  Carpenter,  importers  of  tin  and  terne 
plates,  sheet  metals,  tinsmiths'  and  stove  makers'  supplies,  &c. 

No  house  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  stands  in  a  better  condi- 
tion to  minister  to  the  wants  of  the  trade  or  carries  a  more  complete 
line  of  goods  that  does  the  firm  of  Messrs.  Hall  &  Carpenter,  occu- 
pying central  and  extensive  premises,  comprising  five  stories  and 
basement,  22  x  255  feet  in  dimensions,  at  No.  709  Market  street, 
running  cleai  back  to  Filbert  street.  Mr.  Augustus  R.  Hall  is  the 
founder  and  now  sole  partner 
in  this  house.  He  was  born 
in  Paterson,  N.  J.,  and  came  to 
this  city  with  his  parents  when 
quite  young,  and  at  the  age  of 
twentv-one  years  became  con- 
nected with  the  old  firm  of  W. 
N.  &  G.  Taylor,  importers  of 
tin  and  terne  plates,  sheet-iron 
and  other  metals. 

In  1S62  he  became  a  co- 
partner with  George  E.  Taylor 
and  William  Y.  Taylor,  under 
the  firm  name  of  N.  &  G. 
Tavlor  Co. ,  and  had  the  control 
and  full  charge  in  the  sales  de- 
partment. 

On  February  1,  1S67,  Mr. 
Hall  withdrew  from  the  firm 
and  founded  the  house  of  Hall 
&  Carpenter.  When  Mr.  Car- 
penter died  in  June,  18S3,  Mr. 
Hall  then  became  proprietor 
and  carries  on  the  business 
under  the  firm  name  of  Hall  & 
Carpenter.  Mr.  Hall  is  a  gen- 
tleman highly  esteemed  in 
trade  circles  for  his  deport- 
ment, sound  business  princi- 
ples, energy  and  integrity. 
He  is  moreover  an  active  and 
honored  member  of  the  Ma- 
sonic fraternity,  and  a  gener- 
ous, public-spirited  citizen. 
In  early  days  he  became  very 
much  interested  in  shipping 
interests  between  this  country 
and  England,  and  by  his  untir- 
ing zeal  in  that  direction  has 
received  the  credit  justly  due 
him  of  having  tin  and  terne  plates  and  other  merchandise  in  their 
line  of  business  imported  by  steamship  direct  from  England  to 
Philadelphia. 

Mr.  Hall  is  a  member  of  the  Historical  Society  of  Pennsylva- 
nia, honorary  member  of  the  First  Regiment,  Veteran  Corps,  the 
Board  of  Trade,  Maritime  Exchange,  Commercial  Exchange,  Frank- 
lin Institute,  Union  League,  Art  Club,  Manufacturers'  Club,  &c. 

The  firm  are  noted  for  keeping  on  hand  one  of  the  largest  stocks 
of  goods  in  their  particular  line,  and  are  highly  esteemed  in  trade 
circles,  while  its  trade  is  influential  throughout  the  United  States. 
The  trade  is  naturally  attracted  by  the  honorable  methods  and 
straightforward  dealings  of  the  firm  and  the  eminently  satisfactory 
manner  in  which  their  orders  are  filled,  and  maintaining  for  this 
house  the  supremacy  of  this  important  branch  of  trade.  The  estab- 
lishment is  a  famous  land-mark  in  Philadelphia  and  a  lasting  monu- 
ment to  the  industry  and  developed  enterprise  of  its  founder  and 
his  successors. 


devoted  to  the  wholesale  and  retail  china  and  glassware  trade,  is 
that  of  Messrs.  R.  J.  Allen,  Son  S:  Co.,  which  has  been  established 
over  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago  by  Messrs.  R.  J.  and  R.  D.  Allen  ; 
both  gentlemen  are  thoroughly  expert  and  enterprising  importers 
of  art  goods  and  arc  now  doing  a  very  large  andsteadilv  increasing 
trade.  The  premises  occupied  by  the  firm,  are  very  spacious  and 
commodious,  consisting  of  a  massive  six  story  and  basement  build- 
ing 35  feet  front  by  200  feet  in  dimensions,  elegant  in  all  its  appoint- 
ments and  perfect  in  convenience  and  arrangement  for  the  display- 
ing, inspection  and  sale  of  the  choicest  class  of  goods.  The  stock 
carried  is  not  only  elaborate  but  very  large  and  attractive  in  the 
highest  degree  and  one  of  the  most  comprehensive  of  its  kind  to 
be  found  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia.  It  embraces  artistic  potterv, 
queensware  and  glassware  brought  from  nearly  every  factory  in  the 
world.  Among  the  richly  decorated  goods  are  dinner,  breakfast, 
tea  and  toilet  sets  in  great  profusion  and  of  the  latest  patterns  and 
designs,  fine  cut  glassware,  lamps,  vases  and  ornamental  pieces  in 
Bohemian  glass;  and  the  latest  novelties  from  European  manufac- 
turers in  special  sets  for  oysters,  soup,  fish,  game,  fruit,  entree, 
etc.  ;  also  artistic  pottery  for 
wedding  and  other  presents,  in 
great  variety.  Here  are  also 
heavy  china,  stone,  earthen- 
ware and  glass  for  hotel,  res- 
taurant and  steamboat  use,  in 
addition  to  a  fine  assortment  of 
goods  and  ornamental  ware  for 
family  use,  and  parian,  majol- 
ica and  fancy  articles  of  everv 
description  and  too  numerous 
to  mention.  The  firm  has  its 
source  of  supply  from  the  vari- 
ous potteries  of  Limoges,  Staf- 
fordshire, South  Germauv, 
France  and  Carlsbad,  and  the 
glass  factories  of  Bohemia  and 
Belgium  :  and  their  facilities 
for  procuring  goods  in  vast 
quantities  and  at  advantageous 
rates  enable  them  to  readily 
meet  the  tastes  and  require- 
ments of  all  classes  of  buyers, 
and  to  otfer  inducements  to 
the  trade,  as  regards  both  re- 
liability of  goods  and  liberality 
of  terms,  at  prices  which  can- 
not be  duplicated  elsewhere  in 
the  city.  The  business  is 
wholesale  and  retail  and  all 
goods  are  warranted  exactly  as 
represented.  All  the  members 
of  the  firm  stand  exceedingly 
high  in  business  circles  and 
have  large  connections  and  also 
branch  houses  at  2S  Barclay 
street.  New  York  City,  and 
Baltimore,  Md. 


Augustus  R 


SHARPLESS  &  WATTS 


R.  J.  ALLEN,  SON  &  CO. 


R.J.  Allen,  Son  &  Co.,  importers  of  earthenware,  china,  glass- 
ware and  lamps,  etc.,  1124  and  1126  Market  street.  One  of  the 
largest   and   finest    establishments   in    the   City   of  Philadelphia, 


Sharpless  &  Watts,  importers  and  dealers  in  decorative  tiles, 
Roman  marble  mosaic,  &c.  The  firm  of  Sharpless  &  Watts  has 
won  a  national  reputation  in  the  several  lines  of  goods  they  handle, 
and  in  no  establishment  of  its  kind  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  is 
there  a  more  attractive  or  interesting  display.  The  firm  consists  of 
W.  C.  Sharpless  and  D.  H.  Watts,  both  gentlemen  of  energy,  enter- 
prise and  true  American  grit.  Knowing  the  wants  of  the  trade 
thev  have  faithfully  supplied  them.  Their  one  great  aim  was  to 
please,  and  in  this  they  have  succeeded  beyond  the  most  sanguine 
expectations,  building  up  themselves  a  trade  which  ranks  among 
the  most  prominent  in  the  city.  It  was  established  in  1S50  at  No. 
1325  Market  street,  but  the  business  so  steadily  increased  that  the 
quarters  were  entirely  too  small,  and  they  removed  to  their  present 
location  in  the  Baker  Building,  No.  1522  Chestnut  street.  Later 
thev  erected  a  large  building  in  the  rear  for  the  manufacture  of 
brass  and  wrought  iron  goods  and  Roman  mosaic  mantel  work, 
heaters,  ranges,  etc. 

The  firm  are  importers  and  dealers  in  every  description  of 
decorative  tiles  for  floors,  walls,  etc.,  designers  and  artificers  in 
ceramic  work  for  the  permanent  enrichment  of  hearths  and  facings, 
vestibules,  bath  rooms,  conservatories,   kitchens,  creameries,  etc., 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHIL  A  DELPHI A  NS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


and  for  banks,  trust  and  saving  institutions,  churches,  stores,  club 
houses,  and  public  buildings  generally. 

They  make  a  specialty  of  Roman  marble  mosaic,  and  are 
workers  in  brass,  bronze  and  wrought  iron  from  original  designs 
for  grilles,  screens,  partitions,  etc..  in  which  they  possess  une- 
qualled facilities  for  execution.  The  firm  do  not  simply  confine 
themselves  to  importing  and  manufacturing  their  goods,  but  have 
gained  well-earned  reputation  as  inventors  and  patentees,  as  their 
'"  Ideal  tile-lined  bath  tub,"  which  is  the  perfection  of  excellence, 
furnishes  ample  proof.  Besides  the  goods  named  above  the  firm 
handle  low-down  and 
basket  grates  in  japan- 
ned, oxydized,  brass, 
bronze,  copper,  etc.,  for 
burning  wood  or  coal ; 
wood  mantels,  andirons, 
fenders,  fire-sets,  coal 
and  wood  hods,  screens, 
easels,  etc.  Among  some 
of  the  more  noted  build- 
ings in  which  the  goods 
of  the  firm  form  a  por- 
tion of  the  trimmings 
and  decorations  are  the 
State,  War  and  Navy 
Departments,  at  Wash- 
ington ;  Pratt  Library 
and  Rennert  House,  Bal- 
timore ;  New  City  Hall, 
Drexel  Building,  Bullitt 
Building.Chestiiut  Street 
National  Bank,  and  a 
host  of  others  in  Phila- 
delphia. 


JAMES  E.MITCHELL 
&  CO. 

This  representative 
house  was  established  in 
the  city  of  Philadelphia 
in  1S70  by  Mr.  James  E. 
Mitchell,  trading  under 
the  linn  name  of  James 
E.  Mitchell  &  Co.,  for 
the  purpose  of  conduct- 
ing a  commission  busi- 
ness in  hosiery  and 
weaving  yarns  at  No.  36 
South  Front  street.  Mr. 
Mitchell  possesses  an 
intimate  and  accurate 
knowledge  of  every  de- 
tail of  the  commission 
business  which  enables 
him  to  advance  to  the 
highest  degree  the  inter- 
est of  both  shipper  and 
buver.  In  1SS3,  owing 
to  the  steady  increasing 
trade,  the  firm  was 
obliged  to  move  into 
their  large  and  commo- 
dious premises  at  Nos. 
122  and  124  Chestnut 
street.  The  business  of 
the  firm  is  confined  exclusively  tolthe  sale  of  cotton,  woolen,  and 
worsted  yarns  of  all  kinds,  and  they  represent  between  fifty  and 
sixty  of  the  largest  and  best  known  cotton  mills  throughout  the 
East  and  South.  The  products  of  these  mills  are  sold  throughout 
all  parts  of  the  L'nited  States  and  Canada,  being  used  in  the  manu- 
facture of  hosiery,  underwear,  carpets,  and  dry  goods  of  every 
description.  Their  Boston  office  is  located  at  51  and  53  Summer 
street,  and  was  established  in  1S90  for  the  accommodation  of  their 
Eastern  customers,  adding  a  large  increase  to  their  already  success- 
ful business. 

Mr.  Mitchell  is  a  member  of  the  Manufacturers'  Club,  the  Union 
League  Club,  and  Vice-President  of  the  Ninth  National  Bank.  The 
firm  of  James  E.  Mitchell  &  Co.  is  highly  regarded  in  trade  circles 
for  their  integrity  and  sound  business  principles,  and  fully  merit 
the  large  amount  of  success  attained  by  their  energy  and  enterprise. 


Hall  &  Carpe 


GILLESPIE,  ZELLER  &  CO. 

The  wholesale  grocery  business  conducted  by  the  above  named 
firm  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Sixth  and  Market  street  was  estab- 
lished in  1837,  by  Messrs.  W.  &  J.  Gillespie,  and  is  now  one  of  the 
oldest  houses  in  this  line  in  Philadelphia.  The  head  of  the  present 
firm,  Mr.  Thomas  L-  Gillespie,  became  a  member  of  the  firm  of  W. 
&J.  Gillespie  in  1841,  the  business  being  then  conducted  at  Eleventh 

and  Market  streets.  In 
1846  he  became  sole  pro- 
prietor. He  soon  after- 
wards associated  with 
himself  in  the  business 
Mr.  Jacob  Zeller,  the 
firm  becoming  Gillespie, 
Zeller  &  Co.  In  1S52  the 
firm  removed  to  their 
present  eligible  location 
at  corner  of  Sixth  and 
Market  streets,  where 
for  almost  forty  years  it 
has  been  and  is  now 
carried  on.  Mr.  Zeller 
dying  in  1S57,  Mr.  Gil- 
lespie again  became  sole 
proprietor,  conducting 
the  business  under  the 
old  firm  name  of  Gilles- 
pie, Zeller  &  Co.,  until 
1SS5,  when  he  admitted 
his  son,  George  Cuthbert 
Gillespie. 

The  firm  transact  a 
heavy  business  in  gen- 
eral groceries,  and  sup- 
ply the  trade  throughout 
Pennsylvania,  Virginia, 
West  Virginia.Delaware, 
Maryland,  and  other 
States,  east  and  south. 
The  head  of  this 
house  is  a  Philadelphian 
by  birth  having  been 
born  in  this  city  Febru- 
ary 23,  1S24.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Borden- 
town  Institute,  N.  J., 
from  which  he  was  grad- 
uated with  honor  and 
immediately  afterwards 
he  entered  the  dry  goods 
store  of  Isaac  Barton  & 
nter's  Building  Co __  Second  and  chest. 

nut  streets,  where  he  remained  until  he  entered  the  firm  of  W.  &  J. 
Gillespie  in  1S41,  as  before  stated. 

He  is  the  Second  Vice-President  of  the  Board  of  Trade, 
with  which  he  has  been  actively  connected  for  twenty-five  years. 
He  is  also  the  President  of  the  Philadelphia  Lying-in-Charity 
and  Nurses'  School,  and  of  the  Home  Missionary  Society.  He  is 
a  Manager  of  the  House  of  Refuge  and  Chairman  of  the  Stand- 
ing Committees  of  the  Board.  He  is  also  one  of  the  Managers 
of  the  Society  for  the  Prevention  of  Cruelty  to  Children,  and  takes 
a  lively  interest  in  all  charitable  and  benevolent  enterprises  and 
enjoys  the  full  confidence  of  a  wide  range  of  business  and  personal 
acquaintance. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


REEVES,  PARVIN  &  CO. 

This  old-established  firm  has  long  been  known  as  one  of  the 
leading  houses  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  engaged  in  the  business 
of  importing,  exporting  and  jobbing  of  groceries,  canned  goods, 
etc.  The  firm  consists  of  Francis  B.  Reeves,  who  resides  atMcKean 
avenue  and  Clapier  street,  CTcrmantown  ;  Mr.  Thomas  F.  Jones, 
whose  residence  is  on  Wissahickon  avenue,  near  Clapier  street,  and 
Mr.  Walter  M.  Patton,  whose  house  is  in  Camden,  N.  J.  Mr. 
Reeves  is  connected  with  a  number  of  financial  and  business  insti- 
tutions as  director,  among  them  being  the  Girard  National  Bank, 
Philadelphia  Mortgage  and  Trust  Company,  Delaware  Insurance 
Company  of  Philadelphia,  the  Germantown  Real  Estate,  Trust  and 
Deposit  Company,  the  Grocers'  and  Importers'  Exchange.  Mr. 
Reeves  is  also  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the  Mer- 
chants' Fund  and  the  Mercantile  Beneficial  Association,  and  is  the 
President  of  the  Philadelphia  Belt  Line  Railroad  Company  and 
Vice-President  of  the  projected  Philadelphia  Bourse.  Mr.  Jones  is 
a  director  of  the  Market  Street  National  Bank.  The  house  dates 
its  establishment  as  far  back  as  the  year  1828,  at  which  time  the 
firm  name  was  Scull  &  Thompson,  changing  successively  to  Scull, 
Thompson  &  Co.,  Archer  &  Reeves,  Reeves  &  Parvin,  and,  as  at 
present,  Reeves,  Parvin  &  Co.  Mr.  Reeves  was  admitted  to  the 
firm  in  1859,  Mr.  Patton  in  1S72,  Mr.  Jones  in  1S73.  Mr.  Reeves 
and  Mr.  Patton  have  been  connected  with  the  house  since  1858,  Mr. 
Jones  since  1862.  Mr.  Wm.  Parvin's  interest  commenced  in  1865 
and  terminated  after  his  death,  which  occurred  in  March,  18S9. 
The  business  was  first  established  at  45  and  47  North  Water  street, 
being  there  conducted  until  1S7S,  when  removal  was  made  to  the 
firm's  present  location  at  20  and  22  South  Front  street,  extending 
through  to  21  and  23  Letitia  street,  where  ample  facilities  are 
afforded  for  their  very  large  and  constantly  increasing  business. 
Their  trade  is  largely  in  general  groceries,  throughout  the  Middle 
States,  but  extends  also  to  the  Wei-t.  Besides  their  trade  in  staple 
groceries  the  firm  is  interested  in  the  canning  of  tomatoes  and  as 
dealers  in  all  kind  of  canned  goods.  For  the  well-known  brands 
of  their  tomatoes,  etc.,  a  large  export  trade  has  been  established. 


CHARLES   P.  PEROT  &  CO. 


Flour  merchants,  are  the  successors  of  L.  Knowles  &  Co.,  who 
previous  to  187S  were  located  on  Market  street  above  Twelfth,  for 
over  fortv  vears.  Levi  Knowles,  the  originator  of  the  firm,  com- 
menced business  in  1835  and  continued  an  honorable  and  successful 
business  career  until  December.  1887,  nearly  53  years,  when  he 
retired  and  now  devotes  himself  to  various  charitable  and  church 
enterprises  with  which  he  has  long  been  connected.  Charles  P. 
Perot  his  partner  and  present  head  of  the  firm  continues  the  busi- 
ness, and  it  is  now  one  of  the  leading  houses  in  that  branch  of 
trade,  being  the  agents  in  this  city  of  the  Pillsbury-Washburn  Flour 
Mills  Co.,  at  Minneapolis,  the  largest  flour  mills  in  the  world.  The 
firm  of  Charles  P.  Perot  &  Co.  handles  flour  of  all  grades  and 
enjoys  the  confidence  of  a  large  trade  among  the  grocers,  flour 
dealers,  bakers  and  others  of  Philadelphia  and  the  vicinity.  Clarence 
E.  Steel,  who  has  now  an  interest  in  the  business,  commenced  as 
clerk  in  the  employ  of  L-  Knowles  &  Co.,  and  is  well  known  for  his 
energy  and  activity.  L.  Knowles  Perot  is  one  of  the  members  of 
the  firm,  though  not  now  an  active  one  in  that  capacity,  preferring 
the  pursuit  of  scientific  and  mechanical  work,  mainly  in  the  branch 
of  electricity. 

Charles  P.  Perot  is  one  of  the  old  Quaker  stock  of  Philadelphia, 
and  dates  his  ancestry  from  the  time  of  the  Norman  Conquest  ( 1066) 
to  the  present,  through  the  original  settlers  of  the  country.  He  has 
various  other  business  connections,  being  Vice-President  of  the 
American  Fire  Insurance  Co.,  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors 
of  the  Laud  Title  and  Trust  Co.,  the  Westmoreland  Coal  Co.,  the 
Western  National  Bank,  and  other  institutions,  including  Chairman 
of  the  Finance  Committee  of  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences; 
also  Treasurer  of  the  "Southern  Home  for  Institute  Children"  and 
the  "  Fuel  Saving  Society  of  the  Citvand  Liberties  of  Philadelphia," 
two  of  our  leading  charitable  institutions. 

The  offices  of  the  firm  are  at  250  and  252  North  Broad  street. 


DAVID  LANDRETH&SONS 

The  Landreth  Nursery  and  Seed  business  was  established  in 
Philadelphia  in  1784.  Its  founder  was  David  Landreth,  born  1752 
near  Berwick-on-Tweed.  He  emigrated  to  Canada  in  1781,  shortly 
after  removing  to  Philadelphia.  About  1786  he  associated  his 
brother  Cuthbert  in  the  business,  which  was  on  High  street,  the 
exact  position  now  being  covered  by  the  buildings  1210  and  1212 
Market  street.  The  Landreth  Nursery  and  Seed  Garden  in  the 
"Neck,"  a  long  narrow  tongue  of  land  lying  between  the  Dela- 
ware and  Schuylkill  rivers  on  the  south  of  Philadelphia,  was  estab- 
lished in  1789.  In  1799  the  firm  title  was  David  &  Cuthbert  Lan- 
dreth, the  first  partner  resided  at  Twelfth  and  Market  streets.  The 
old  mansion  house  was  in  1847  sold  to  the  School  Board  of  Phila- 
delphia, and  altered  to  meet  the  requirements  of  public  education. 
It  was  designated  as  the  Landreth  School.  Subsequently  it  was 
burned  and  a  new  building  erected,  which  in  turn  has  been  demol- 
ished, and  a  modern  structure  erected,  one  of  the  finest  in  Philadel- 
phia, and  still  designated  as  the  Landreth  School,  its  location  being 
at  the  intersection  of  Twenty-third  and  Federal  streets.  From  the 
Landreth  Nurseries  were  drawn  many  of  the  matured  specimens  of 
fine  trees  which  now  embellish  the  old  country  seats  around  Phila- 
delphia. Fine  examples  ofthese  trees  are  to  be  seen  in  the  oldest 
ashes,  elms,  birches,  oaks  and  buttonwoods  of  Washington  and  In- 
dependence squares — these  being  planted  about  the  beginning  of 
the  century. 

Shortly  subsequent  to  1S20,  the  premises  then  numbered  S5 
Chestnut  street  were  renteil  as  a  seed  store,  which  store  was  after- 
wards removed  to  number  83  and  again  to  number  65,  which  latter 
location  was  successively  rented  till  purchased  in  1.S52,  when  an 
iron  and  brick  warehouse,  quite  large  for  that  day,  was  erected  and 
occupied,  its  present  number  being  221.  In  1S2S  David  Landreth, 
Jr.,  and  Thomas  Landreth,  son  of  Cuthbert,  took  the  busiuess  from 
their  respective  fathers,  David,  Jr.,  taking  the  seed  department, 
and  Thomas  the  nursery.  In  1836  the  firm  title  was  David  Lan- 
dreth &  Co.,  the  members  being:  David  Landreth.  Jr.,  Thomas 
Landreth,  J.  W.  Burrows.     David  Landreth,  first,  died  in  1830. 

In  1S37  Thomas  Landreth  passed  the  Nursery  section  of  the 
business  over  to  David  Landreth,  Jr.,  the  seed  and  nursery  branches 
being  again  united. 

In  1843  the  title  of  the  firm  was  David  Landreth.  and  David 
Landreth  Munns.  In  1S45  the  firm  title  was  David  Landreth,  Seeds- 
man, and  David  Landreth  and  Fulton,  Nurserymen. 

In  1847  Bloomsdale  Farm,  Bristol,  Pennsylvania,  was  pur 
chased  anil  devoted  to  the  growing  of  seed  crops.  This  tract  now 
consists  of  500  acres.  In  1853  the  premises  Nos.  21  and  23  South 
Sixth  street  were  purchased  and  a  warehouse  then  built  has  since 
been  occupied  as  a  seed  store.  In  i860  the  firm  title  was  changed 
to  D.  Landreth  &  Son,  by  the  entry  of  Oliver  Landreth.  In  1S76 
the  title  was  changed  to  David  Landreth  &  Sons.  In  1SS0  David 
Landreth,  second,  died.  He  was  an  agriculturist  of  rare  experience 
and  ability,  a  rapid  pleasing  writer  on  rural  topics.  In  1S27  he 
was  one  of  the  founders  and  in  1828  and  for  seven  years  continu- 
ouslv,  the  Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  Pennsylvania  Horticul- 
tural Society,  the  mother  of  all  other  horticultural  societies  in  the 
United  States.  In  1856  he  filled  the  office  of  President  of  the 
Philadelphia  Agricultural  Society,  founded  in  1785,  the  germ  from 
which  sprung  every  other  Agricultural  Society  in  the  nation.  He 
was  Vice-President  of  the  United  States  Agricultural  Society,  and 
an  active  member  of  a  number  of  similar  organizations.  His  firm 
was  among  the  first  manufacturers  in  the  United  States  of  Mowing 
and  Reaping  machines.  The  firm  in  1S71  and  1872,  made  exhaus- 
tive experiments  in  the  system  of  steam  plowing  by  direct  traction, 
and  again,  in  18S5,  extended  trials  in  steam  digging  and  subse- 
quently in  steam  chopping.  The  business  is  yet  carried  on  under 
the  title  adopted  in  1876,  the  partners  being:  Oliver  Landreth, 
Burnet  Landreth,  Leopold  Landreth. 

Many  of  the  employees  of  the  firm  have  been  with  it  for  a  life 
time,  among  its  customers  are  hundreds  of  fifty  years'  standing, 
manv  a  longer  period,  while  one  firm — that  of  Leadbeatcr  &  Co.  of 
Alexandria,  Va.,  have  been  annual  wholesale  purchasers  since  the 
year  1792. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


GEORGE  E.  BARTOL 

George  E.  Bartol,  the  head  of  the  George  E.  Bartol  Company, 
Limited,  was  born  in  the  Fourth  Ward  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia  on 
January  29,  1S58,  and  is  therefore  at  this  time  in  his  thirty-fourth  year. 
He  is  the  second  son  of  Barnabas  H.  Bartol,  who  was  born  at  Free- 
port,  Maine,  October  31,  1S16,  and  moved  to  Philadelphia  in  1847, 
where  he  died  on  February  10,   1S88. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  educated  in  private  schools  in 
his  native  city,  aud  also  enjoyed  two  years  of  travel  and  study  in 
Europe,  completing  his  studies  at  the  age  of  sixteen  when  a  passion 
for  the  sea  was  gratified  and  satisfied  by  a  nine  months'  cruise  on  a 
sailing  vessel  before  the  mast,  as  boy.  Returning  to  Philadelphia 
in  1875  ready  for  work  he  started  in  his  father's  sugar  refinery  as  an 
apprentice  to  the  machinist  and  engineer  of  the  establishment,  pass- 
ing in  time  to  be  assistant  to  the  superintendent,  and  finally  into  the 
office  where  the  purchases  and  sales  were  made.  In  1SS1  at  the  age 
of  twenty-three  the  business  of  the  refinery  known  as  the  Grocers' 
Sugar  House,  was  placed  entirely  in  his  hands,  without  restriction, 
together  with  the  purchasing 
and  selling  of  the  raw  material 
and  products,  which  was  car- 
ried on  as  a  separate  commis- 
sion business  in  the  same  office 
now  occupied  by  the  present 
company. 

In  1SS7  Mr.  Bartol  made  a 
visit  to  Cuba  and  became  con- 
vinced that  the  branch  of  the 
sugar  business  in  which  he  was 
engaged  had  but  a  short  future 
before  it,  in  consequence  he 
determined  to  graduallv  with- 
draw from  it,  aud  to  engage  in 
the  foreign  commission  trade, 
selecting  as  a  field  the  United 
Kingdom  aud  the  Northern 
Seaboard  of  Continental  Eu- 
rope. In  the  four  years  which 
have  elapsed  since  the  forma- 
tion of  his  present  company 
he  has  succeeded,  with  the 
able  assistance  of  his  associ- 
ates, Mr.  Geo.  H.  Rogers  and 
Mr.  Chas.  E.  Culpeper,  in 
building  up  an  extensive  and 
rapidly  growing  business,  es- 
pecially in  the  field  of  receiv- 
ing and  exporting  grain,  which 
trade  in  Philadelphia  was  at  a 
very  low  ebb  when  his  com- 
pany decided  to  go  into  it. 
While  the  shipping  of  grain  is 
the  principal  business  of  the 
house,  it  does  not  confine  itself 
to  this  trade,  which  amounts 
probably  to  about  one-half  its 
total  business,  but  is  very 
largely  engaged  also  in  the  ex- 
port of  several  other  American  staples^and  the  importation  of  many 
of  the  products  of  Europe  and  Great  Britain. 

Mr.  Bartol  is  widely  aud  favorably  known  at  present  as  the  pro- 
jector of  the  proposed  great  General  Exchange  Building,  in  which 
the  many  trade  interests  of  Philadelphia  are  to  be  concentrated. 
He  is  the  president  of  the  company  known  as  the  Philadelphia 
Bourse,  which  pioposes  to  erect  a  building  suitable  for  the  purpose. 


Upon  the  retirement  of  Messrs.  John  and  Ward  Hazletine  the 
firm  name  again  changed  to  that  of  Haddock,  Reed  &  Co.,  so  con- 
tinuing until  1869,  when  it  was  succeeded  by  Monroe,  Smaltz  & 
Co.,  with  Mr.  Charles  D.  Reed  as  special  partner.  Owing  to  the 
ill  health  of  Mr.  James  Monroe  the  firm  again  changed  in  1875  to 
Smaltz,  Monroe  &  Co.,  and  in  1SS4,  Mr.  Joseph  E.  Smaltz  retiring 
from  active  business,  the  firm  assumed  its  present  style  of  Monroe 
Bros.  &  Co. 

The  present  firm  is  composed  of  John  T.  aud  W.  Fred.  Monroe, 
the  company  being  nominal.  These  gentlemen  report  continued 
accessions  to  their  business,  their  shipments  extending  not  only 
into  the  local  territory  naturally  concentrating  in  Philadelphia,  but 
also  into  the  south  and  southwest,  with  which  the  present  firm,  as 
well  as  their  predecessors,  have  always  been  identified. 

An  important  feature  in  the  management  of  the  business  has 
been  the  honest  endeavor  to  give  their  customers  their  monev's 
worth.  They  have  always  tried  to  sell  honest  goods  and  have 
avoided  the  temptation,  which  is  perhaps  more  peculiar  to  the 
shoe  business  than  any  other,  to  sacrifice  wearing  qualities  for 
the  sake  of  larger  profits. 
For  this  reason  they  have  suc- 
ceeded in  holding  on  to  their 
old  customers  to  a  greater  de- 
gree than  is  usual  in  these  days 
of  close  competition. 

Both  of  these  gentlemen 
are  connected  with  a  number 
of  charitable,  financial  and  so- 
cial organizations  of  this  city, 
and  are  always  ready  to  use 
their  best  efforts  for  the  ad- 
vancement of  the  interests  of 
Philadelphia.  Among  these 
organizations  may  be  men- 
tioned the  Union  League, 
Trades  League,  Union  Trust 
Company,  social  and  business 
bodies.  Mr.  John  F.  Monroe 
was  a  member  of  the  Commit- 
tee of  One  Hundred  and  has  an 
honored  record  in  his  efforts 
for  the  welfare  of  the  munici- 
pality. Messrs.  Monroe  Bro- 
thers also  pride  themselves 
upon  seldom  losing  a  regular 
customer,  some  of  their  client- 
age having  continued  with 
them  over  riftv  vears. 


George  E.  Bartol 


MONROE  BROS.  &  CO. 

The  firm  of  Monroe  Brothers  &  Co.,  43S  Market  street,  Phila- 
delphia, probably  the  oldest  in  the  shoe  business  in  the  United 
States,  w-as  originally  started  in  the  year  1S17,  under  the  name  of 
Moody,  Wyman  &  Co.,  who  brought  a  lot  of  shoes  in  the  rough 
from  Haverhill,  Mass.,  and  sent  in  return  such  produce  as  would 
find  ready  sale  in  the  New  England  market, — a  regular  commission 
and  barter  business.  Some  of  the  original  books~  are  now  in  the 
possession  of  the  present  firm.  These" gentlemen  located  on  Water 
street  below  Market,  where  thev  remained  manv  vears,  being  suc- 
ceeded by  Hazletine,  Haddock '&  Co.,  and  Haddock,  Hazletine  & 
Reed.  About  fifty  years  ago  the  latter  firm  removed  to  the  build- 
ing now  occupied  by  the  present  firm  at  No.  43S  Market  street. 


JAMES  B.  CANBY 

Of  the  firm  of  Ware  & 
Canby,  dealers  in  flour  and 
grain,  now  president  of  the 
Commercial  Exchange,  was 
born  Sept.  14,  1848,  in  Kent 
county,  Md.,  but  his  early  as- 
sociations were  in  Delaware, 
where  the  Canby  familv  had  been  settled  for  over  two  centuries. 
In  1722  the  Canbys  established  the  Brandy  wine  Flour  and  Cornmeal 
Mills,  which  for  over  a  hundred  years  were  the  largest  merchant 
mills  in  the  United  States.  Young  Canby  entered  these  mills  when 
a  lad  of  seventeen,  and  spent  several  years  in  acquiring  a  practical 
knowledge  of  the  manufacture  of  flour.  In  1S73  he  came  to  Phila- 
delphia and  accepted  a  position  with  the  firm  of  A.  G.  Cattell  &  Co., 
then  a  leading  house,  whom  four  years  later  he  succeeded  in  busi- 
ness, having  formed  a  co-partnership  with  J.  P.  Ware,  under  the  firm 
name  of  Ware  &  Canby,  now,  as  then,  located  at  27  N.  Water  street. 
This  firm  having  been  made  the  Philadelphia  agents  of  the  old  Bran- 
dywine  Mills,  soon  became  one  of  the  leading  flour  and  grain  houses 
of  the  city,  possessing  ample  resources  and  unexcelled  credit.  Mr. 
Canby's  popularity  with  his  fellow  merchants  is  attested  by  the  fact 
that  he  has  twice  been  elected  President  of  the  Commercial  Ex- 
change, the  largest  trade  organization  of  Philadelphia.  In  his  in- 
augural address  at  his  last  election  he  advocated  a  ceaseless  agitation 
of  rapid  transit,  permitting  especially  all  railroads  now  here,  or  that 
may  come  hereafter,  easy  access  to  the  wharves  and  shipping  of  the 
port,  and  gave  utterance  to  this  memorable  sentiment:  "Phila- 
delphia stands  at  a  parting  of  the  ways,  leaving  behind  her  the 
slowness  of  the  past,  and  looking  forward  to  the  activity  and  ex- 
pansion of  the  future." 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


FRANCIS  M.  BROOKE 

A  prominent  grain  merchant  and  an  ex-President  of  the  Com- 
mercial Exchange,  was  born  in  Radnor  Township,  Delaware  county, 
July  4,  1S36.  His  ancestors  were  of  the  sturdy  yeomanry  that  com- 
posed the  early  emigration  from  England  and  Wales.  His  great- 
grandfather was  a  Revolutionary  officer  who  possessed  a  large 
landed  estate  in  what  is  now  Montgomery  county,  and  was  also 
extensively  engaged  in  industrial  enterprises.  His  grandfather  was 
a  well-to-do  farmer,  whose  estate  comprised  the  Valley  of  Gulf 
Creek  in  Radnor  adjoining  Montgomery  county.  His  father  was 
the  Hon.  Hugh  Jones  Brooke,  to  whom  Media,  now  the  county  seat 
of  Delaware  county,  is  indebted  for  much  of  her  present  develop- 
ment, he  having  erected  with  his  own  means  the  Chestnut  Grove 
House,  Brooke  Hall  Female  Seminary,  and  manv  private  residences 
and  aided  largely  in  the  construction  of  the  Philadelphia,  Media 
and  West  Chester  Railroad.  The  Pennsylvania  School  for  Feeble 
Minded  Children,  near  Media,  was  located  by  him,  and  he  was 
instrumental  in  securing  appropriations  from  the  State  for  its  build- 
ing   and    maintenance.      For 

nearly  a  half  century,  he  served  . 

his  fellow  citizens  in  various 
capacities,  and  for  many  years 
was  State  Senator,  exercising 
a  commanding  influence  in 
the  administration  of  public 
affairs.  To  him  Philadelphia 
is  largely  indebted  for  its  pres- 
ent system  of  market  houses, 
he  being  the  originator  and  for 
a  long  time  President  of  the 
Farmers'  Market  Companv. 

Francis  M.  Brooke's  boy- 
hood was  passed  in  Radnor  at- 
tending the  local  schools  until 
1852,  when  he  entered  the 
Haverford  College,  remaining, 
however,  only  two  years  on 
account  of  impaired  health. 
When  his  health  had  been  re- 
stored he  entered  the  office  of 
Edward  Hopper,  Esq..  in  Phil- 
adelphia, as  a  student  of  law. 
and  at  the  same  time  attended 
the  lectures  in  Law  Depart- 
ment of  the  University.  In 
rS59  he  was  admitted  to  the 
Philadelphia  Bar.  and  soon 
afterwards  opened  an  office  in 
Media,  where  he  speedily  se- 
cured a  remunerative  practice. 
In  1863  he  was  elected  District 
Attorney  of  Delaware  county, 
but  his  health  again  failing  he 
was  reluctantly  obliged  to  give 
up  the  practice  of  his  profession 
the  following  year,  and  believ- 
ing that  a  mercantile  life  would 
afford  greater  opportunity  for 
physical  activity,  he  established  himself  in  Philadelphia  in  the 
grain  trade  in  association  with  his  youngest  brother,  Hunter,  under 
the  firm  name  of  F.  M.  &  H.  Brooke.  With  the  advantage  of  ample 
capital  this  firm  prospered  and  is  now  one  of  the  leading  houses  in 
that  branch  of  the  city's  trade.  He  allied  himself  at  an  early  period 
with  the  Commercial  Exchange,  and  the  members  recognizing  his 
ability  placed  him  on  important  committees,  especially  those 
involving  matters  of  legislation  affecting  the  commerce  of  Phila- 
delphia, and  in  1S78  elected  him  to  the  Presidency.  In  the  Cen- 
tennial Exposition  of  1S76,  the  Bi-Centennial  of  1SS1,  and  the 
National  Constitutional  Celebration  of  1S87,  he  acted  in  a  repre- 
sentative capacity  for  the  Exchange  and  contributed  largely  to  the 
success  of  those  affairs.  Mr.  Brooke  is  a  director  in  the  Commercial 
Bank  and  represents  other  important  corporate  interests. 


xWsTsUowsTwoto  Co 


Francis  M.  Brooke 


THOMAS  BRADLEY 

Metropolitan  in  every  regard,  the  immense  Meat  Market  of  Mr. 
Thomas  Bradley,  at  Twenty-first  and  Market  streets,  is  one  of  the 
notably  busy  marts  of  this  great  trade  centre,  and  the  volume  of 
business,  retail,  wholesale  and  export,  makes  it  a  large  factor  in 
the  immense  aggregate  of  Philadelphia's  commerce. 


The  business  was  inaugurated  over  thirtv  years  ago  and  has 
been  steadily  augmented  from  year  to  year  until  it  has  attained  pro- 
portions almost  colossal.  He  erected  the  extensive  market  he 
now  occupies  in  1878,  for  retail  purposes,  which  from  time  to  time 
he  was  obliged  to  enlarge  to  meet  the  rapidly  increasing  demands 
of  his  home  and  foreign  trade.  His  wholesale  trade  was  started 
in  1SS3,  since  which  date  he  has  handled  immense  quantities  of 
Swift's  famous  Chicago  dressed  beef,  mutton,  &c.  The  retail 
market,  a  large  room  lighted  from  above  by  skylights,  making 
every  corner  bright  as  the  outside,  is  a  model  of  cleanliness  and 
convenience,  making  a  visit  to  this  market  a  pleasing  experience 
instead  of  a  disagreeable  duty,  as  a  marketing  trip  too  frequentlv 
proves.  In  one  corner  of  this  market  a  storage  room  of  great  capaci- 
ty is  seen,  the  atmosphere  of  which  is  kept  below  32  degrees  Fahr- 
enheit, by  a  system  of  cold  air  pipes  upon  which  the  ice  is  crystal- 
ized  to  the  depth  of  several  inches.  Opening  out  from  the  retail 
department  is  another  immense  room,  also  artificially  chilled, 
where  the  curing  of  beef  and  pork  is  carried  on,  on  a  scale  of  large 
proportions.  Adjoining  the  main  building  is  the  packing  room 
where  the  meats  are  prepared 
for  export,  hundreds  of  tierces 
of  Bradley's  Beef  being  shipped 
to  Glasgow  and  Liverpool,  as 
well  as  to  many  points  in  con- 
tinental Europe,  his  brands 
abroad,  as  at  home,  being  a 
guarantee  of  superior  excel- 
lence, the  foreign  agents'  cor- 
respondence on  file  showing 
"  Bradley's  beef  quoted  2  shil- 
lings above  other  brands,"  and 
similar  indices  of  the  repute  in 
which  his  output  is  held. 

Another  department  is  de- 
voted to  refining  lard,  and  on 
the  second  floor  of  this  build- 
ing the  manufacture  of  lubri- 
cating oils  is  conducted. 

The  smoke-houses,  six  in 
number  are  of  large  capacity 
and  are  in  constant  operation. 
Here  the  dried  beef,  hams,  and 
bacon  are  prepared  for  market, 
and  the  output  in  this  branch 
of  the  business  is  as  large  as 
that  of  any  establishment  in 
the  city  exclusively  devoted  to 
this  line.  The  reputation  of 
Mr.  Bradley's  smoked  meats, 
and  especially  of  his  "  picnic  " 
hams,  of  which  he  makes  a 
specialty,  has  been  such  that 
the  increase  in  the  output  has 
of  late  been  very  great.  So 
great,  indeed,  has  been  the  in- 
crease in  the  volume  of  his 
business  that  Mr.  Bradley's 
facilities  at  Twenty -first  and 
Market  were  unequal  to  the 
requirements  of  the  trade,  and  to  meet  the  demand  he  secured  a 
large  warehouse  on  Filbert  street,  where  he  carries  a  large  stock  of 
pickled  hams  in  tierces,  these  being  brought  to  the  smoke-houses 
as  occasion  requires,  thus  insuring  the  purchasers  at  all  times  fresh 
stock.  Mr.  Bradlev  has  a  branch  establishment  for  sale  of  Chicago 
meats  to  the  trade  at  Ninth  and  Girard  avenue. 

A  large  proportion  of  Mr.  Bradley's  home  trade  is  the  supply- 
ing of  meats  to  hotels  and  large  institutions,  among  which  are  the 
Continental  and  Aldine  hotels,  The  White  Sulphur  Springs,  Vir- 
ginia, Bedford  Springs  Hotel,  Pennsylvania,  and  other  City  and 
out-of-town  establishments.  From  twelve  to  fourteen  wagons  are 
employed  to  deliver  family  orders,  and  an  idea  may  be  formed  of  the 
immense  business  conducted  by  him,  when  it  is  considered  that  it 
required  20,000  head  of  cattle  to  supply  this  trade  from  the  up-town 
market  alone  in  one  year,  and  this  in  addition  to  30,000  head  of  sheep. 
Mr.  Bradlev  is  a  Philadelphian  by  birth  and  is  recognized  in 
trade  circles  as  a  man  of  great  business  capacity  and  enterprise,  and 
of  uncompromising  integrity.  He  is  one  of  the  largest  stockholders 
of  the  Chestnut  Street  National  Bank,  of  which  he  is  a  director;  he 
is  also  a  director  of  the  Norristown  Insane  Asylum,  and  finds  time 
to  devote  to  this  great  charity.  He  is  a  genial,  courteous  business 
man  and  valued  citizen,  and  in  social  circles,  as  in  business  life,  is 
recognized  as  a  man  of  excellent  judgment  and  sterling  qualities. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


WRIGHT,  TYNDALE  &  VAN  RODEN 

The  business  of  this  firm  was  established  by  Jos.  Steele,  Jr.,  at 
the  present  location,  in  1S40,  and  conducted  by  him  until  1858, 
when  James  Steele,  his  son,  succeeded  him  ;  after  that  date  the 
business  increased  rapidly.  In  1864  the  building  was  enlarged  ;  in 
1869  a  further  extension  being  necessary,  the  entire  building  was 
re-modeled  and  enlarged.  On  July  1,  1874,  James  Steele  retired 
and  was  succeeded  by  his  three  brothers,  Joseph,  Jr.,  Henry  and 
Daniel  Steele,  under  the  firm  name  of  Steele  Bros.  Their  display 
of  Philadelphia  designs  and  decorations  at  the  Centennial  Exhibi- 
tion, and  the  many  orders  resulting  from  the  exhibit,  placed  them 
in  the  front  rank  of  the  enterprising  retail  dealers  of  the  country. 
The  furore  for  oriental  porcelains  about  this  time  gave  china  dealers 
an  opportunity  which  the  firm  promptly  took  advantage  of,  as  the 
many  fine  collections  in  and  about  Philadelphia  bear  evidence  of. 
Thev  were  among  the  first  to  recognize  the  merits  of  American  cut 
glass  and  the  art  pottery  of  Trenton,  both  of  which  doubtless 
owe  something  of  their  subsequent  success  to  their  early  encourage- 
ment. After  a  very  successful 
career  the  firm  retired  March 
1,  1884,  the  business  having 
remained  in  the  Steele  family 
for  forty-four  years.  They 
were  succeeded  bv  Wright, 
Tyndale  &  Van  Roden,  the 
members  of  the  firm  being 
Herman  L.  Wright.  Robinson 
Tvndaleaud  Frank  Van  Roden. 
On  the  death  of  Mr.  Wright, 
eight  months  later,  the  firm 
was  re-organized,  William  M. 
Wright  and  Joseph  H.  Thomas 
being  admitted  as  members, 
the  style  of  the  firm  remain- 
ing the  same. 

In  1S89  the  building,  217 
South  Eleventh  street,  was  se- 
cured, which,  after  being  com- 
pletely rebuilt,  was  connected 
with  the  old  store,  thus  doub- 
ling their  space.  Mr.  Tyndale, 
the  only  one  of  his  name  now 
in  the  business,  makes  annual 
visits  to  Europe  in  the  interest 
of  the  firm.  They  take  a  lively 
interest  in  American  manu- 
facture, and  their  own  business 
of  selecting  from  and  distribu- 
ting the  best  products  of  the 
world  in  china  and  glass  agree- 
ing with  a  well-known  English 
collector  that  china  is  not  a 
mere  faucy,  it  is  a  complete 
education. 


firm.  Blakey  &  McLellan  conduct  a  very  large  brokerage  busi- 
ness with  many  of  the  leading  manufacturers  and  iron  dealers  of 
the  United  States,  and  also  with  a  number  of  European  companies, 
among  which  is  numbered  the  prominent  firm,  Balling  &  Lowe,  of 
London,  England. 

The  establishment  of  this  great  trade,  extending  over  manv 
States  and  reaching  out  in  foreign  climes,  is  a  striking  demonstra- 
tion of  the  fact  that  energy  and  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  busi- 
ness undertaken,  combined  with  an  honest  and  conservative  man- 
agement, always  eventuates  in  success. 

The  members  of  this  firm  are  recognized  authorities  and  experts 
in  the  iron  trade.  In  commercial  circles  none  rank  higher  for 
promptness,  enterprise  and  integrity. 


BLAKEY  &  McLELLAN 


Joseph  Steele 


Prominent  among  the  many  leading  brokerage  and  commis- 
sion houses  worthy  of  special  note  in  Philadelphia  to-day  is  the 
active,  enterprising,  and  accommodating  firm  of  Blakey  &  McLel- 
lan. The  business  of  this  firm  is  general  iron  brokerage.  Their 
transactions  are  confined  to  dealings  in  imported  and  domestic  iron 
and  steel  rails,  steel  of  any  desired  quality,  general  railroad  sup- 
plies, iron  ores  and  pig  iron. 

The  business  conducted  so  ably  and  upon  such  an  extensive 
scale  by  this  firm  was  established  in  1SS9  by  W.  H.  Blakev  and 
George  D.  McLellan,  who  have  energetically  carried  it  on  upon  the 
most  approved  basis  to  secure  and  advance  the  best  interests  of 
their  customers.  Although  not  surrounded  with  the  air  of  antiquity 
which  has  a  tendency  to  place  many  of  the  commercial  firms  of  this 
city  preeminently  before  the  public,  this  firm  is  constituted  of  gen- 
tlemen who  are  no  strangers  in  the  paths  of  commercial  life  in 
Philadelphia.  Prior  to  forming  the  firm  of  Blakev  &  McLellan, 
W.  H.  Blakey  was  associated  with  the  house  of  Blakev  &  Wal- 
baum,  iron  brokers.  This  latter  firm  was  largelv  engaged  in  trade 
with  foreign  countries,  and  to-day  its  principal  European  agencies 
are  retained  by  the  newly  organized  house.  Among  those  worthv 
of  mention  is  the  agency  of  James  Watson  &  Co.,  of  Glasgow, 
Scotland,  one  of  the  largest  and  most  influential  concerns  of  its 
kind  in  the  world.     Mr.  McLellan  is  a  relative  of  a  member  of  this 


P.  J.  CUNNINGHAM  &  CO. 

Mr.  P.  J.  Cunningham,  of  the  firm  of  P.J.  Cunningham  &Co., 
general  agents  and  dealers  in  pianos,  was  born  in  Ireland.  On  his 
arrival  in  this  country,  several 
years  ago,  he  engaged  as  sales- 
man with  the  widely  known 
dry  goods  house  of  Straw- 
bridge  &  Clothier,  afterwards 
with  Geo.  Kelly  &  Co.  Nearly 
seven  years  ago  he  left  the 
latter  firm  and  engaged  as 
manager  of  a  branch  house  for 
F.  A.  North  &  Co.,  piano 
dealers,  whom  he  left  with  the 
highest  testimonials  for  char- 
acter and  ability. 

Establishing  himself  in 
business  he  has  associated  with 
him  men  of  abundant  capital, 
and  is  making  a  brilliant  suc- 
cess of  his  enterprise.  His 
wareroom  is  located  at  17 17 
Chestnut  street  (is  twenty-two 
feet  wide  by  one  hundred  and 
twenty-four  feet  in  depth,  and 
is  one  of  the  best  constituted 
and  most  comfortable  business 
houses  on  Chestnut  street), 
and  a  refreshing  place  to  visit 
on  a  warm  July  day.  The  lo- 
cation is  favorable  to  the  in- 
crease of  business  as  the  city 
extends  westward,  and  the 
tendency  of  down-town  stores 
is  to  move  that  way,  while 
one-third  the  amount  that  holds 


rents  are  more  reasonable,  bein 
in  many  localities  further  down. 

Mr.  Cunningham's  prospects  are  very  bright,  and  he  claims 
by  reason  of  his  location,  his  facilities  for  procuring  and  hand- 
ling pianos  and  organs,  he  can  offer  peculiar  inducements  to  pur- 
chasers. The  stock  carried  is  large  and  comprises  seven  varieties 
of  pianos  and  organs.  The  leading  piano  is  the  Conover  Bros.,  of 
New  York,  and  for  which  Mr.  Cunningham  claims  "  there  is  none 
better  and  very  few  equal."  His  other  three  makes  of  pianos  are 
known  to  the  public  as  the  Pease  Co.,  Harrington  Co.,  also  of  New 
York,  and  the  Prescott  Co.,  of  New  Hampshire.  The  firm  makes 
a  specialty  of  three  makes  of  organs,  all  of  which  have  their  good 
qualities  and  rank  as  high  in  the  estimation  of  organists  as  any  to 
be  found  in  the  market.  Mr.  Cunningham  buys  for  cash  and  offers 
inducements  to  purchasers  not  surpassed  by  any  house  in  the  trade. 

Personally,  Mr.  Cunningham  is  an  agreeable,  energetic  and  bril- 
liant young  business  man,  possessing  the  natural  wit  of  his  country- 
men, and  gives  every  indication  of  a  successful  business  career. 


207 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA  US. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


THE  BERWIND-WHITE  COAL  MINING  COMPANY 


R.  B.  WIGTON  &  SONS 


The  Berwind- White  Coal  Mining  Co.  was  incorporated  January 
22,  1SS6,  being  the  successors  of  Berwind,  White  &  Company,  an 
old  coal  producing  firm  established  in  1874,  which  firm  was 
organized  from  the  still  older  firms  of  Berwind  &  Bradley  and 
White  &  Lingle. 

The  capital  stock  of  the  company  is  $2,000,000,  and  its  officers, 
Edward  J.  Berwind.  President;  John  E.  Berwind,  Vice-President, 
New  York  City  ;  H.  A.  Berwind,  Secretary,  and  F.  McOwen, 
Treasurer,  both  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

The  company  own  and  operate  extensive  coal  mines  in  the 
Clearfield  Region  of  Pennsylvania,  mining  what  is  known  in  the 
market  as  the  Celebrated  Eureka  Bituminous  Coals.  They  operate 
at  present  twenty-nine  (291  collieries,  twenty-two  being  located  at 
and  around  Houtzdale,  two  at  Karthaus,  all  in  Clearfield  county,  and 
five  at  Horatio,  Jefferson  county.  Pa.  The  twenty-nine  collieries 
have  a  capacity  of  upwards  of  12,000  tons  per  day.  The  tonnage  of 
the  company  for  the  year  1890  aggregated  3,000,000  tons. 

The  works  of  the  company  are  among  the  best  equipped  in  the 
bituminous  coal  region  of  Pennsylvania,  supplied  with  modern 
machinery  and  improved  appliances,  calculated  to  expedite  and 
economize  the  production  of  coal  as  well  as  to  insure  its  reaching 
the  market  in  lirst-class  condition. 

In  connection  with  coal  mines  the  company  own  and  operate 
one  hundred  anil  fifty  |  1501  coke  ovens,  turning  out  a  very  superior 
grade  of  coke,  which  finds  a  ready  market  among  the  manufacturers 
and  workers  of  steel. 

As  regards  shipping  facilities  the  company  are  in  excellent 
shape,  owning  a  transportation  equipment  of  1.250  coal  cars  of 
thirty  tons  capacity  each,  a  fieet  of  fifty  coal  barges,  used  exclu- 
sively for  the  delivery  of  coal  to  the  ocean  steamships  in  New  York 
Harbor  and  vicinity. 

The  coal  is  a  first-class  steam  coal,  and  the  greater  portion  is 
supplied  to  nearly  all  the  Trans-Atlantic  steamship  lines  and  rail- 
road companies,  and  as  a  fuel  for  this  purpose  has  no  superior. 
Among  its  users  may  be  mentioned  :  The  Iuman,  North  German 
Lloyds,  Cunard,  Hamburg  and  French  Lines,  whose  ocean  grey- 
hounds have  a  world-wide  reputation.  It  is  likewise  largely  used 
for  rolling  mills,  iron  works,  forges,  glass  works,  lime  kilns,  and 
the  burning  of  brick  and  fire  brick,  and  for  kindred  purposes. 

The  company's  mines  arc  located  on  the  Pennsylvania  Rail- 
road, over  which  they  ship  to  tide- water  for  shipments  coast-wise  and 
foreign,  and  likewise  over  same  road  aud  connections  for  shipment 
to  New  York  and  New  England  States  aud  Canada.  Its  shipping 
piers  are  located  at  Greenwich  Tiers,  Philadelphia  ;  Harsimus  Coal 
Pier,  Jersey  City,  New  York  Harbor,  and  Canton  Piers,  Baltimore, 
Md.  Its  offices  are  located  at  the  Bullitt  Building,  Philadelphia; 
55  Broadway,  New  York  City;  19  Congress  street.  Boston.  Mass., 
and  Rialto  Building,  Baltimore,  Md.  The  largest  strictly  coal  firm 
in  the  country. 


Philadelphia  is  unquestionably  one  of  the  most  convenient  dis- 
tributing points  for  coal  in  the  Eastern  or  Middle  States,  which  is 
due,  of  course,  to  its  proximity  to  the  leading  collieries  of  Peunsyl- 
vania,  and  its  unsurpassed  position  as  regards  economical  transpor- 
tation facilities,  the  principal  coal  railroad  companies  entering  here 
either  by  direct  or  branch  lines,  among  which  are  the  Reading, 
Lehigh  Valley,  Lackawanna,  New  Jersey  Central  and  Pennsylvania 
R.  R.  As  a  result  of  this,  Philadelphia  contains  representatives  of 
the  largest  and  most  important  mines  and  collieries  in  the  State. 
Among  the  representative  houses  actively  engaged  in  this  trade  is 
that  of  R.  B.  Wigton  &  Sons,  the  business  having  been  originally 
founded  by  the  senior  member  in  1857.  He  conducted  it  with  great 
success  until  18S0,  when  he  admitted  his  sons,  William  H.  and 
Frank  H.  Wigton,  into  partnership,  under  the  firm  name  of  R.  B. 
Wigton  &  Sons.  The  sons  are  thoroughly  conversant  with  the 
details  of  the  business  ;  active,  enterprising  and  persevering,  and 
their  future  success  will  by  far  eclipse  that  attained  in  past  vears, 
because  of  the  fresh,  vigorous  spirit  they  have  inspired  in  their 
management.  Like  their  father,  they  are  highly  esteemed  bv  the 
community  as  practical  business  men  and  upright  citizens,  andjustlv 
merit  the  success  secured  by  their  ability  and  faithful  devotion  to 
business. 

The  offices  of  the  firm  are  located  at  Xo.  228  South  Fourth 
street,  Philadelphia ;  No.  50  Broadway,  New  York,  aud  Hamilton 
Building,  Pittsburgh;  while  their  coal  wharves  are  situated  at 
Greenwich  Point,  Port  Richmond,  South  Ambov  and  Port  Libcrtv, 
and  in  Baltimore,  at  Canton  Piers.  They  are  miners  and  shippers 
of  the  justly  celebrated  bituminous  coals  from  the  Morrisdalc 
and  Cunard  mines,  which  are  located  in  the  Clearfield  and  Broad  Top 
regions,  which  brands  are  rich  in  the  elements  of  intense  combus- 
tion, and  are  generally  recognized  as  of  a  superior  qualitv  for  steam 
raising  and  smelting  purposes,  and  are  one  of  the  best  fuels  mined. 
From  the  Morrisdalc  coal  is  manufactured  a  coke  for  furnace  use 
which  ranks  in  the  market  as  fully  equal  to  Counesvillc,  being  the 
only  coke  made  from  the  celebrated  Moshannon  vein  of  coal. 
Their  facilities  for  the  prompt  delivery  of  its  coals  iu  cargo  lots  to 
steamship  and  railroad  companies  are  of  the  very  best,  possessing 
as  they  do  several  accessible  and  convenient  shipping  wharves  at 
the  cities  named  above,  and  being  the  only  people  in  the  bitumin- 
ous business  who  have  both  the  P.  R.  R.  Co.  and  the  Philadelphia  & 
Reading  R.  R.  svstems  connecting  with  their  collieries.  In  addition 
to  the  coal  business  die  firm  of  R.  B.  Wigton  &  Sons  are  also  largely 
interested  in  the  manufacture  of  fire-brick,  and  own  a  large  factory 
at  Phillipsburg,  Centre  county,  Pa.  Its  equipment  is  unsurpassed 
by  any  establishment  of  its  kind  in  the  State,  the  machinery  aud 
appliances  being  of  the  most  modern  and  improved  patterns,  and 
includes  everything  for  the  systematic  prosecution  of  the  business; 
emplovment  is  given  to  about  one  hundred  workmen,  selected  from 
the  most  skilled  operatives  in  the  trade.  The  facilities  of  the  couceru 
are  unequalled,  and  the  various  processes  of  clay  crushing,  burning, 
moulding,  etc.,  are  all  carried  out  with  the  greatest  economy  of 
time  and  labor,  with  the  natural  result  that  the  products  of  their 
establishment  are  unexcelled  for  quality,  durability  and  general  ex- 
cellence by  those  of  any  other  first-class  house  in  the  trade,  and  in 
consequence  of  this  superiority  the  firm  does  an  enormous  business, 
handling  upwards  of  500,000  annually,  which  are  shipped  to  all 
points  North,  South,  East  and  West. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


GEORGE  E.  DEARBORN 

The  career  of  George  E.  Dearborn,  piano  and  organ  dealer,  is 
as  remarkable  as  it  is  illustrative  of  what  a  man  can  do  who  has  the 
requisite  amount  of  courage  to  bravely  face  the  trials  and  tribula- 
tions so  often  thrown  before  him  in  his  struggle  for  fame  and  fortune. 
There  is  an  old  saving  that  if  a  fortune  is  not  won  before  a  man 
attains  the  age  of  forty  years  he  can  never  win  it,  but  in  the  case  of 
Mr.  Dearborn  its  falsity  is  clearly  proven.  He  was  born  April  16, 
1825,  at  Kensington,  Rockingham  county,  New  Hampshire.  His 
father,  James  Dearborn,  was  a  farmer,  one  of  those  rugged  sons  of 
toil  so  often  read  about  but  so  seldom  met.  He  died  in  1831. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch,  then  only  six  years  old,  remained  on  the 
old  homestead  until  1S37,  when  he  was  bound  out  to  a  farmer,  re- 
ceiving for  the  work  imposed  upon  him  the  very  munificent  (?) 
sum  of  eighteen  dollars  a  year,  with  the  privilege  of  attending 
school  three  of  the  twelve  months.  He  was  an  apt  scholar,  how- 
ever, and  made  the  best  of  the  limited  advantages  offered,  which 
included  a  dav  in  the  old  log  school  building  when  the  weather  was 
too  inclement  for  out-door  work.  He  remained  with  the  farmer  a 
vear  and  a  half,  when,  having  an  opportunity  of  securing  a  position 
with  the  school-master,  at  thirty  dollars  a  year  and  three  months' 
schooling,  he  left  the  farm  and  entered  upon  his  new  duties.  Thus 
he  roughed  it  until  seventeen  years  of  age,  when  he  returned  to  his 
old  home  and  assumed  its  management,  remaining  in  charge  until 
1,852.  Meantime  an  important  event  had  occurred.  He  took  unto 
himself  a  wifein  1S45,  when  just  twenty  years  of  age.  The  result  of 
this  union  was  four  children— two  boys  and  two  girls.  The  latter  are 
still  living,  but  both  sons  died  after  having  attained  the  ages  of 
twenty-six  and  twenty-eight  years  respectively.  The  younger  son 
was  drowned  in  the  Indian  Ocean  within  a  day's  sad  of  Australia, 
while  the  other  died  from  consumption  in  Michigan.  But  to  return 
to  Mr.  Dearborn  ;  after  having  passed  the  twenty-seventh  anniver- 
sary of  his  birth,  he  became  dissatisfied  with  the  monotony  of  farm 
life  and  engaged  in  general  trading,  a  business  which  called  for  ex- 
tensive traveling.  There  were  but  few  lines  of  railroad  in  the 
New  England  States  at  that  time,  and  he  was  compelled  to  cover 
his  routes  with  horse  and  wagon.  On  one  occasion  during  the 
summer  months  he  drove  a  single  team  a  distance  of  5,000  miles. 
He  followed  this  business  for  a  period  of  ten  years,  then  abandoned 
it  to  become  a  traveling  salesman  for  a  New  York  varnish  house. 
It  was  while  thus  employed  that  he  came  into  contact  with  piano 
dealers  and  manufacturers,  whose  business  he  ultimately  adopted. 
His  route  was  from  Washington,  D.  C,  to  Boston,  and  he  fre- 
quently visited  Philadelphia.  On  November  17,  1S67,  he  landed  at 
the  old  Kensington  Depot,  at  Kensington,  dead  broke — "strapped," 
as  he  puts  it — and  since  that  time  has  been  one  of  our  citizens.  He 
continued  with  the  New  York  house  until  the  close  of  the  Centen- 
nial, when  he  thought  he  saw  an  opportunity  to  better  himself. 
To  think  was  to  act  with  this  shrewd,  energetic  Yankee,  and  with 
Henry  F.  Roebling,  of  Roebling  Bros.,  of  Wilmington,  Del.,  as  a 
partner,  he  purchased  a  dozen  or  more  pianos  which  had  been  on 
exhibition  at  the  Centennial,  and  on  December  1,  1S76,  they  opened 
a  piano  store  in  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  building.  This  was  the  nucleus  of 
the  large  business  he  now  carries  on.  In  October,  1879,  Mr.  Dear- 
born  bought  his  partner's  interest.     The  year  previous  they  had 


moved  into  their  present  handsome  building,  No.  1508  Chestnut 
street.  It  was  originally  intended  for  an  upholsterer,  and  was 
erected  during  the  Centennial  year,  but  for  some  reason  or  other  it 
was  not  occupied  until  Mr.  Dearborn  and  his  partner  took  posses- 
sion of  it.  About  that  time  Mr.  Dearborn  became  interested  in 
another  enterprise,  and  established  his  son-in-law,  Geo.  W.  Smith, 
in  business  at  No.  1216  Chestnut  street,  under  the  firm  name  of 
Geo.  W.  Smith  &  Co.  They  carried  a  magnificent  line  of  bric-a- 
brac,  fancv  furniture,  and  were  large  importers  of  French  clocks, 
bronze  figures,  etc.  From  that  time  to  the  present  Mr.  Dearborn 
has  steadily  climbed  the  ladder  to  fame  and  fortune,  and  is  now 
classed  among  the  city's  most  prominent  business  men,  and  his 
success  and  wealth,  estimated  at  about  $250,000,  were  both  won 
since  he  passed  the  fortieth  anniversary  of  his  birth,  thus  proving 
the  falsity  of  the  old  "  saying  "  alluded  to  above. 

In  addition  to  a  large  retail  trade  he  has  applied  with  great 
success  the  instalment  plan  of  disposing  of  his  instruments,  and 
upwards  of  2,000  are  now  scattered  throughout  the  city  and  adjacent 
territorv  on  that  plan,  representing  an  investment  of  $200,000. 
His  large  store-room  on  Chestnut  street  is  stocked  with  au  elegant 
line  of  the  finest  instruments  manufactured  in  this  country,  in- 
cluding the  justly  celebrated  Chase,  Fischer,  Schubert,  Ludwig  & 
Co.,  Jacob  Bros.,  Mathusek,  and  many  other  favorite  makes.  In 
addition,  he  displays  a  large  and  fine  assortment  of  organs,  among 
which  the  Chase  is  not  the  least  prominent,  as  well  as  the  Story  & 
Clark  Organ  Company. 

He  also  has  a  fine  store  at  No.  515  Shipley  street,  in  Wil- 
mington, Delaware,  which,  while  being  under  capable  manage- 
ment, is  directed  by  its  proprietor  personally.  Mr.  Dearborn  is 
a  man  of  magnificent  physique.  He  is  fully  six  feet  two  inches 
tall,  with  a  form  admirably  proportioned,  and  although  having 
recently  passed  his  sixty-sixth  birthday  is  stronger,  more  wirey 
than  most  men  twenty  years  younger.  He  can  "lift"  with 
the  stoutest  employee  under  him,  and  time  and  again  he  has  been 
seen  carrving  one  end  of  a  heavy  piano,  while  at  the  other  end  two 
strong,  hearty  men  were  tugging,  straining  to  keep  their  end  level 
with  that  of  the  old  gentleman.  Mr.  Dearborn  is  no  politician  nor 
religionist,  but  believes  in  the  old  axiom,  "  Do  unto  others  as  you 
would  be  done  by,"  feeling  that  honest  and  upright  dealings  are 
the  only  true  principles  by  which  success  can  be  attained  in  any 
business  calling  whatsoever.  As  he  once  said  :  "  During  my  life  I 
have  neither  drank,  smoked  or  chewed,  belong  to  no  secret  organi- 
zations, pay  my  debts  as  they  come  due,  and  am  as  independent  as 
an v  man  living."  To  these  qualities  he  must  owe  his  success,  for  he, 
musically  speaking,  does  not  know  one  note  from  another,  except 
a  bank-note,  which,  in  his  opinion,  is  worth  more  than  all  the  notes 
in  the  staff  combined.  Although  his  educational  advantages  were 
limited,  he  has  ever  been  possessed  of  a  rare  intelligence  which 
made  the  studies  of  life  easily  understood,  and  to-day  we  find  him 
a  thoroughly-cultured  gentleman,  bright,  witty  and  entertaining 
in  conversation,  easy  and  polite  in  manners,  and  a  companion  of 
interest  for  either  young  or  old.  Such  a  man  as  he  would  succeed 
where  others  would  fail,  and  although  he  is  within  a  few  years  of 
the  proverbial  three-score  years  and  ten,  he  possesses  every  require- 
ment for  the  attainment  of  a  good  old  age.  May  such  prove  to  be 
the  case. 


209 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHTLADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


OSTHEIMER  BROTHERS 

Importers  and  exporters.  The  present  firm  of  Ostheimer  Bros, 
was  founded  in  1835,  in  Philadelphia,  by  Alfred  Hanline,  Maurice 
Ostheimer  and  David  Ostheimer,  the  two  former  residing  in  Phila- 
delphia, the  latter  being  the  European  partner.  They  were  among 
the  first  to  do  a  large  business  in  the  importation  of  looking-glass 
.plates.  Shortly  afterwards  the  firm  of  Hanline  &  Ostheimer,  as  it 
was  then  styled,  began  the  importation  of  continental  fancy  goods, 
such  as  articles  de  Paris,  bric-a-brac,  bronzes,  etc.,  and  they  are 
among  the  oldest,  if  not  the  oldest,  importers  of  this  class  of  goods 
in  this  country.  Philadelphia,  in  1835,  was  the  most  populous 
American  citv,  and  dealers  came  there  from  New  York  and  all 
other  portions  of  the  United  States  to  purchase  their  goods. 

In  1S54  Alfred  Hanline  retired,  and  Maurice  Ostheimer  asso- 
ciated with  him  John  P.  Woodward  as  partner,  under  the  firm  name 
of  Ostheimer  &  Woodward.  The  business  was  started  on  Bank 
street,  a  small  street  between  Chestnut  and  Market,  and  Second  and 
Third  streets,  and  no  change  was  made  for  forty-seven  years,  ex- 
cept to  increase  the  size  of  the 
store. 

"Conservatism"  was  al- 
ways the  watchword  of  Maurice 
Ostheimer,  who  believed  that 
a  good  name  and  an  honorable 
reputation  were  far  more  valu- 
able than  riches.  He  often  said 
that  honor,  both  personal  and 
mercantile,  was  very  much  like 
a  diamond,  in  that  the  slight- 
est flaw  made  it  absolutely 
worthless.  The  firm  passed 
through  the  various  commer- 
cial crises  without  any  diffi- 
culty, as  they  never  allowed 
any  transactions  to  take  place 
which  were  in  any  way  specu- 
lative, and,  by  economy  and 
good  judgment,  each  member 
accumulated  a  moderate  for- 
tune. Maurice  Ostheimer  died 
in  1S72,  and  in  his  will  made 
ample  provision  for  the  con- 
tinuation of  this  business  by 
the  present  members  of  the 
firm,  Mr.  John  P.  Woodward 
retiring  immediately  after  the 
death  of  his  partner. 

Many  changes  have  taken 
place  in  the  nature  of  the  busi- 
ness since  that  time.  The  firm 
now  consists  of  the  three  sons 
of  Maurice  Ostheimer,  Alfred 
J.,  William  J.,  and  George  R., 
who  are  all  active  in  attending 
t  o  the  various  departments 
under  their  charge. 

In  1876  the  firm  of  Ost- 
heimer Brothers  took  charge 
of  a  very  large  number  of  exhibits  for  foreigners  at  the  Cen- 
tennial Exhibition,  and,  at  the  close  of  the  Centennial,  the  various 
heads  of  the  foreign  commissions  joined  in  a  circular  respecting 
their  respective  governments  to  make  purchases  for  industrial 
art  museums  through  Ostheimer  Brothers.  This  was  the  begin- 
ning of  an  export  business  which  has  since  assumed  very  large 
proportions. 

They  established  their  own  offices  in  Paris,  under  the  manage- 
ment of  George  R.  Ostheimer,  who  still  resides  there — in  Vienna, 
Berlin  and  London,  and  also  started  branch  offices  in  New  York, 
Boston  and  Chicago.  All  kinds  of  American  goods,  principally 
agricultural  implements,  are  now  shipped  by  them  all  over  the 
world,  and  foreign  goods  of  all  descriptions  sold  by  them  in  this 
country. 

The  export  department  is  under  the  direction  of  Alfred  J. 
Ostheimer,  and  can  be  called  a  general  commerce  business  for  the 
exchange  of  merchandise  to  and  from  every  portion  of  the  globe. 

A  department  has  been  established  for  the  purchase  and  sale 
of  European  and  American  patents,  which  is  growing  rapidly. 
The  financial  portion  of  the  business  is  managed  by  William  J. 
Ostheimer. 

The  main  places  of  business  at  present  are  917  and  919  Filbert 
street,  Philadelphia,  and  40  Rue  de  l'Echiquier,  Paris,  France. 


IRVONA  COAL   COMPANY 

Among  the  firms  contributing  most  largely  in  the  commercial 
activity  in  the  coal  business  in  this  city  is  W.  J.  Nicolls  &  Co., 
whose  offices  are  located  at  No.  216  South  Third  street.  The  Com- 
pany was  incorporated  in  1886,  W.  J.  Nicolls,  President  ;  J.  O. 
Nicolls,  Treasurer ;  and  Jos.  M.  Cooper,  Secretary.  Thev  are 
operating  a  coke  plant  of  eighty  ovens  and  two  collieries,  at  Coal- 
port,  Clearfield  county,  Pa.,  employing  150  men.  The  capacity  is 
30,000  tons  of  coke  and  80,000  tons  of  coal  annually.  The  "  Ir- 
vona"  coke  is  particularly  adapted  for  the  manufacture  of  low 
phosphorus  or  Bessemer  pig  iron,  on  account  of  the  unusual  low 
percentage  of  suphur  and  phosphorus,  frequently  showing  not  over 
.003  of  .or  per  cent.  In  addition  to  the  above  the  firm  handle 
the  product  of  the  Bear  Ridge  Coal  &  Coke  Co.,  the  Hostetter  Coke 
Co.  of  Connellsville  ;  The 
Souman  Shaft  Coal  Co.  of  Al- 
toona  ;  The  Cambridge  Coal 
Co.  of  Shenandoah,  and  W.  J. 
Nicolls  &  Co.  Westmoreland 
County  Gas  Coal.  The  firm 
ship  to  the  eastern  market 
500,000  tons  of  fuel  yearly. 


Maurice  Ostheimer 


E.  H.  BAILEY  &  CO. 

Among  the  old  established 
firms  of  Custom  House  brok- 
ers, forwarders,  and  notaries 
public  in  the  city  of  Philadel- 
phia is  that  of  Messrs.  E.  H. 
Bailey  S:  Co.  The  business 
was  established  in  1S49  by  Mr. 
E.  H.  Bailey,  who  conducted 
it  till  1.XS0,  when  he  admitted 
into  the  partnership  Messrs. 
W.  H.  Thornley  and  George 
McKeown.  The  present  firm 
has  had  a  very  prosperous 
career  and  has  established  and 
maintained  a  very  high  repu- 
tation in  commercial  circles. 
Mr.  Bailey  is  a  native  Phila- 
delphian.  and  is  a  highly  re- 
spected member  of  the  Ma- 
sonic   fraternity.     The    firm 


transacts  the  Custom  House  business  for  the  leading  firms  of  this 
city,  both  exporters  and  importers,  amongst  which  are  Harrison, 
Frazer  &  Co.,  E.  C.  Knight  &  Co.,  Wood,  Brown  &  Co.,  and  others 
in  this  city  and  vicinity.  Mr.  Thornley  has  had  about  twenty-one 
years'  experience  in  the  business,  and  is  well  known  in  business 
circles.  Mr.  McKeown  is  an  old  resident  at  Wissahickou.  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Masonic  order,  and  like  the  other  members  of  the  firm, 
has  a  large  circle  of  friends  and  business  acquaintances.  The  firm 
do  a  very  large  business  also  as  forwarding  agents,  and  have  a 
number  of  trained  aud  efficient  clerks,  who  arc  well  disciplined  in 
the  routine  of  office  work.  They  ship  goods  not  only  throughout 
the  entire  United  States,  but  also  abroad.  They  are  represented  in 
New  York  by  Perrv  &  Ryer,  No.  65  Beaver  street,  and  in  Boston 
by  Stone  &  Downer,  No.  2S  State  street.  All  members  of  the  firm 
stand  very  high  in  business  circles,  are  affable,  courteous,  and  ever 
attentive  to  the  wants  of  their  patrons,  and  enjoy  the  fullest  confi- 
dence with  the  leading  merchants,  with  whom  they  have  for  so 
many  years  done  business. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA/IS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


SUTTER  &  MILLER 

The  head  of  the  firm  of  Sutter  &  Miller,  dealers  in  rubber  boots 
and  shoes,  Nos.  407  and  409  Commerce  street,  Philadelphia,  Mr. 
Daniel  Sutter,  was  born  in  1830  at  Mount  Holly,  New  Jersey.  The 
firm  is  almost  the  pioneer  in  the  rubber  boot  and  shoe  trade  in 
Philadelphia,  and  at  the  time  of  their  establishment  they  were  doing 
the  largest  business  in  that  line  in  the  State,  and  their  sales  ex- 
tended throughout  the  west.  They  had  also  many  customers  in 
New  Jersey,  Maryland  and  further  south.  They  are  the  agents  for 
the  New  Brunswick  Rubber  Company  and  the  Woonsocket  Rubber 
Company  of  Providence,  Rhode  Island.  The  family  of  Mr.  Sutter 
have  a  record  of  which  he  may  well  be  proud.  His  grandfather 
was  Provost  Marshal,  Deputy  Marshal  and  keeper  of  the  City  prison. 
He  was  a  soldier  in  the   War  of  1812,  and  died  from  the  effects  of 


Daniel  Sutter  is  a  descendant  of  the  sister  of  the  mother  of 
William  Penn. 

Rowlett's  Table  of  Interest  published  in  1802,  a  standard  work 
at  that  time,  has  name  of  Daniel  S.  Sutter  &  Son  as  subscribers, 
the  firm  being  the  forefathers  to  the  present  Daniel  Sutter. 

Arthur  Miller  of  Sutter  &  Miller,  was  born  in  Alexandria  in 
the  District  of  Columbia  (now  Virginia),  July  4,  1838.  His  parents 
were  descended  from  members  of  the  Society  of  Friends  who  came 
to  Pennsylvania  about  the  time  of  William  Perm's  arrival  in  1782. 
Both  his  grandfathers  went  from  Pennsylvania  to  Virginia  towards 
the  close  of  the  last  century,  and  his  paternal  great-grandfather,  Wil- 
liam Hartshorne  was  treasurer  of  the  first  improvement  company 
formed  in  Virginia,  of  which  General  Washington  was  president, 
and  Mr.  Hartshornc's  wife  was  a  daughter  of  Joseph  Saunders,  a 
merchant  of  this  city  who  signed  the  non-importation  resolutions  of 


Daniel  Sutter 

wounds  received  in  battle.  His  father  was  a  tanner  and  currier  and 
was  one  of  the  most  prominent  citizens  of  Frankford. 

Daniel  Sutter  was  sent  to  school  at  Mount  Hollv,  New  Jersey, 
and  came  to  Philadelphia  when  twenty-one  years  of  age,  in  1852. 
In  1855  he  went  as  bookkeeper  to  the  firm  of  J.  M.  Sanders,  No.  34 
North  Fourth  street,  wholesale  dealers  in  boots  and  shoes.  Mr. 
Miller,  his  present  partner,  was  also  a  bookkeeper  for  the  same  firm 
and  the  friendship  there  contracted  has  aided  greatly  in  cementing 
their  after  business  association. 

These  two  gentlemen  have  been  connected  in  business  from 
the  time  of  their  establishment  in  1S65.  Thev  have  been  all  their 
lives  identified  with  the  rubber  interest,  selling  to  the  largest  jobbers 
and  wholesale  dealers  in  the  United  States.  They  are  members  of 
the  Shoe  Exchange,  Trades  League,  and  other  similar  organiza- 
tions. The}-  have  always  shown  active  interest  in  every  movement 
tending  to  development  and  advancement  of  the  citv's  interest. 
They  have  been  active  not  only  in  words  but  have  never  hesitated 
to  open  their  purse  when  they  felt  occasion  demanded  their  pecun- 
iary help. 


ARTHUR-MlLLER 

1765,  and  from  whom  are  descended  several  ot  the  most  prominent 
families  of  Philadelphia.  Mr.  Miller  attended  schools  in  Virginia 
and  Maryland,  and  completed  his  education  at  the  Friends'  Board- 
ing-school, at  Westtown,  near  West  Chester,  Pa. 

The  variety  of  foot  gear  made  of  rubber  is  almost  unlimited  ; 
from  the  great  heavy  boots  used  by  lumbermen  and  watermen  the 
list  goes  all  the  way  down  to  the  dainty  shoe  of  the  lady,  which  is 
so  slight  in  appearance  as  to  seem  almost  a  house  slipper  yet  it  is 
a  perfect  safeguard  against  dampness  ;  in  fact  from  this  house  it  is 
possible  to  buy  a  rubber  shoe  which  makes  scarcely  any  appearance 
on  the  foot.     The  day  of  the  heavy  cumbersome  shoe  has  passed. 

Of  course  galoshes  and  the  heavier  makes  of  gum  boots  and 
shoes  are  to  be  obtained  of  Messrs.  Sutter  &  Miller.  It  is  not 
generally  known  what  a  great  amount  of  capital  is  interested  in  the 
rubber  business  in  this  country.  It  is  a  trade  wholly  by  itself  but 
its  ramifications  extend  through  almost  every  industry.  But  by  far 
the  greater  part  of  the  rubber  is  used  in  the  manufacture  of  boots 
and  shoes,  and  Messrs.  Sutter  S:  Miller  are  among  the  very  heaviest 
purchasers. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


E.  R.  MANN  &  CO. 

E.  R.  Mann  &  Co.,  general  agents  for  iron,  steel,  and  iron  ores, 
have  won  a  national  as  well  as  local  reputation  as  representatives  of 
a  number  of  the  most  prominent  iron,  steel,  and  iron  ore  firms  in 
the  country,  including  Isaac  McHose  &  Sons,  of  Norristown,  Pa., 
manufacturers  of  Acme  pig  iron  ;  the  Riverside  Iron  Works,  of 
Wheeling,  West  Virginia ;  Syracuse  Tube  Works,  of  Syracuse, 
N.  Y.  ;  New  River  Mineral  Company,  of  Virginia ;  and  several 
others.  They  are  also  sales  agents  for  numerous  celebrated  manu- 
facturers of  English  and  Swedish  iron,  and  exporters  of  foreign 
ores  ;  in  short,  they  are  prepared  to  furnish  iron  and  steel  in  all 
shapes  and  iron  ores  in  any  quantity.  Their  London  correspon- 
dents are  Schultz,  Tozer  &  Co.  Edwin  R.  Mann,  the  senior  mem- 
ber of  the  firm,  has  been  connected  with  the  business  for  the  last 
thirteen  vears,  and  established  the  present  agency  in  Philadelphia 
in  1887.  Frank  Samuel,  the  "Co.  "  of  the  firm,  was  admitted  to 
partnership  recently,  and  previous  to  that  was  Vice-President  of  the 
North  Branch  Steel  Company,  of  Danville,  Pa.  They  have  become 
deservedly  prominent  and  popular  in  trade  circles  as  manufac- 
turers '  agents,  commission  merchants  and  wholesale  dealers  in 
the  above-named  goods,  as  well  as  in  low  phosphorous  pig,  and  the 
products  of  the  Linden  Steel  Company  and  Arnold  Ore  Company. 
The  superiority  of  the  goods  handled,  and  the  rare  business  capa- 
city, ability  and  enterprise  that  characterize  the  management,  to- 
gether with  a  keen  fore-sight  and  thorough  knowledge  of  every 
feature  of  the  trade,  have  combined  to  give  this  agency  a  prestige 
and  popularity  in  the  trade  rarely  equalled — never  surpassed — in  this 
line,  and  a  large  and  influential  business  has  been  developed 
throughout  Pennsylvania,  Xew  Jersey,  Delaware  and  the  West 
generally,  while  their  foreign  trade  is  steadily  increasingin  import- 
ance.    Their  office  is  situated  at  No.  147  South  Fourth  street. 


E.  M.  WILLIARD 


E.  M.  Williard,  proprietor  of  the  Philadelphia  storage  yard 
for  lumber  and  building  material,  at  Twenty-third  and  Race  streets, 
was  born  in  Philadelphia  in  1842.  He  is  the  son  of  J.  F.  R.  and 
Ellen  Williard.  who  are  also  natives  of  Philadelphia. 

The  young  man  was  educated  in  the  Latta  Academy,  and  after 
graduation  he  went  to  North  Carolina  and  established  himself  in 
the  manufacture  of  furniture.  He  was  well  located,  being  in  the 
very  midst  of  a  great  lumber  district,  his  manufactory  being  located 
on  the  Pamlico  River,  twenty  miles  below  the  city  of  Little  Wash- 
ington. He  had  ready  communication  with  all  points  north  and 
south,  and  his  business  steadily  extended.  Remaining  in  North 
Carolina  for  five  years,  the  offers  to  return  to  Philadelphia  were  so 
advantageous  that  he  came  back.  His  experience  South  gave  him 
such  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  lumber  trade,  that  after  he  had 
remained  for  a  short  time  with  E.  T.  Burton  as  salesman  in  the 
■wholesale  lumber  department  he  established  the  firm  of  Williard  & 
Kochsperger,  at  Fortieth  and  Lancaster  ave.  Mr.  Burton  had 
become  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  ability  of  Mr.  Williard  and 
aided  him  considerably  in  his  new  departure.  The  new  firm  pros- 
pered, but  after  a  while  Mr.  Williard  began  business  on  his  own 
account  at  his  present  place  of  business,  2419  Hamilton  street. 
He  has  been  established  there  for  eleven  years.  The  storage  yard 
for  the  reception  of  lumber  and  building  material  opened  on  the 
1st  of  July,  1S91,  at  Twenty-third  and  Race  streets,  is  one  of  the 
most  important  departments.  The  yard  joins  the  tracks  of  the 
Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad,  and  has  every  facility  for  its 
work.  Cars  are  unloaded  and  lumber  stored  at  reasonable  rates 
per  car,  and  delivered  to  consignees  when  charges  are  paid.  The 
storage  yard,  as  well  as  the  main  establishment,  are  entirely  under 
the  management  of  E.  M.  Williard.  Mr.  Williard  is  an  active 
member  of  the  Lumbermen's  Exchange  since  its  organization, 
ami  in  May,  1891,  was  elected  President  of  that  body.  He  is  a  di- 
rector in  the  West  Philadelphia  Bank.  He  has  always  been  promi- 
nent in  all  that  appertains  to  the  best  interests  to  the  city's  good, 
in  political  as  well  as  in  business  interests.  The  vast  lumber 
regions  of  North  Carolina  from  which  Mr.  Williard  drew  his  train- 
ing are  inexhaustible,  thousands  and  millions  of  feet  are  brought 
weekly  to  Philadelphia  at  an  expense  which  would  astonish  the 
uninitiated.  The  lumber  is  transported  chiefly  by  barges.  There 
is  no  yard  in  the  city  better  adapted  for  the  reception  of  these  great 
consignments  of  lumber  than  that  of  Mr.  Williard,  where  every 
modern  appliance  for  handling  the  cargoes  is  in  vogue. 


WILLIAM  DALLIBA  DUTTON 

Of  William  D.  Dutton  &  Co.  The  oldest  piano  house  in  the 
United  States  is  located  at  No.  11 15  Chestnut  street,  and  is  familiar 
to  musical  people  throughout  the  country  as  that  of  William  D. 
Dutton  &  Co.  It  was  established  in  Utica,  New  York,  bv  George 
Dutton,  a  grandfather  of  the  senior  member  of  the  present  firm, 
in  1821,  siuce  which  time,  with  the  exception  of  four  vears  the 
business  has  been  continued  by  his  descendants.  William  H.  Dut- 
ton succeeding  his  father,  he  transferred  the  business  to  Philadelphia 
in  1865. 

In  1873,  Mr.  Dutton  admitted  his  son,  William  Dalliba  Dutton 
into  partnership,  and  from  that  time  until  1S83,  the  firm  name  was 
Dutton  &  Son.  The  father  then  retired  from  business  and  the  son 
became  the  senior  partner,  changing  the  name  to  William  D.  Dut- 
ton &  Co.  Under  his  able  management  the  house  has  achieved  a 
brilliant  success  and  stands  to-day  not  only  the  oldest  in  its  line  in 
the  country,  but  one  of  the  most  responsible  and  trustworthy. 

Mr.  Dutton  was  born  at  Utica,  in  December,  1847,  and  comes 
from  old  English  stock  of  great  prominence  ;  his  ancestor.  Thomas 
Dutton,  came  to  Massachusetts  in  1630,  and  another  ancestor  was 
Chaplain  Brewster  of  the  "Mayflower."  His  great-grandfather, 
Captain  Amasa  Dutton,  was  an  officer  in  the  Revolutionary  Army, 
and  among  other  military  duties  during  the  War  for  Independence 
commanded  Fort  Trumbull,  at  New  London,  Connecticut.  His 
great-great-grandfather,  on  his  mother's  side  was  Benjamin  Hunt- 
ingdon of  Connecticut,  a  member  of  the  Continental  Congress. 

Mr.  Dutton  attended  the  Utica  Academy,  and  continued  his 
studies  under  excellent  instructors  after  his  removal  to  Philadel- 
phia. He  early  displayed  a  love  for  music  and  art  and  possessing 
a  natural  talent  was  afforded  every  opportunity  of  study.  When  a 
youth,  he  ranked  as  an  accomplished  amateur  musician  and  art 
critic.  Carl  Wolfsohn,  one  of  the  most  thorough  musicians,  devoted 
much  attention  to  the  young  man,  and  together  they  went  to  Ger- 
many in  1S67,  where  they  met  many  German  masters.  Upon  re- 
turning to  America  Mr.  Dutton  exhibited  a  marked  ability  for  writ- 
ing criticisms  and  sketches;  which  were  published  in  several  lead- 
ing periodicals. 

Mr.  Dutton  devoted  also  much  time  and  attention  to  general 
studies,  he  was  a  lover  of  art  in  any  form,  and  it  was  largely 
through  his  personal  efforts  that  the  Philadelphia  Art  Club  was  or- 
ganized and  made  to  occupy  its  present  prominent  position  among 
the  clubs  of  this  country.  It  was  with  Mr.  Dutton's  aid  that  Carl 
Wolfsohn  succeeded  in  founding  Beethoven  Society  in  1S69,  and 
Mr.  Dutton  was  its  secretary  for  seven  years. 

He  was  also  one  of  the  members  of  the  Reform  Club,  whose 
existence  is  so  well  remembered.  In  addition  to  these  he  held 
membership  in  the  Union  League.  Historical  Society  of  Pennsyl- 
vania and  Sons  of  the  Revolution  and  was  one  of  the  original 
members  of  the  Penn  Club.  He  has  made  many  trips  abroad. 
For  many  years  the  firm's  leading  piano  was  the  Chickering.  but  in 
18S3,  having  become  favorably  impressed  with  the  excellence  of 
the  Hard  man  Piano,  it  was  made  the  leading  instrument  of  the 
firm.  Its  distinguishing  characteristics  were  and  are  extraordinary 
durability  and  fullness  of  tone — two  points  that  obtained  for  it 
immediate  recognition.  It  is  probably  the  only  piano  which  im- 
proves in  tone  and  retains  its  durability  under  any  aud  all  climatic 
changes.  That  it  is  iu  popular  favor  is  attested  by  the  fact  that 
Queen  Victoria,  the  Princess  of  Wales,  Duchess  of  Fife,  Duke  of 
Richmond,  and  many  others  of  the  royalty  and  nobility  of  Great 
Britain  have  recently  purchased  it  for  personal  use.  and  their  en- 
dorsement of  it  is  as  enthusiastic  as  is  that  of  Mr.  M.  H.  Cross. 
Mr.  Minton  Pyne,  Mr.  W.  W.  Gilchrist,  Mr.  David  D.  Wood,  and 
other  musical  lights  in  Philadelphia. 

The  firm  has  also  made  a  local  reputation  for  the  Bluthner  piano, 
the  leading  "  Grand  "  manufactured  in  Germany,  in  the  construc- 
tion of  which  American  woods  are  largely  used.  It  is  the  artistic 
favorite  of  the  majority  of  foreign  cities  and  is  faultless  in  points  of 
delicacy  of  tone  and  action.  Messrs.  Dutton  &  Co.,  are  also 
representatives  of  other  less  known  manufacturers. 

In  concluding  this  sketch,  justice  to  the  instruments  sold  by 
this  firm  compels  us  to  refer  to  one  other  of  their  specialties — the 
Vocation  Organ,  an  instrument  which  embodies  a  new  principle  of 
tone  production.  It  was  invented  by  James  Baillie  Hamilton,  son- 
in-law  of  the  Duke  of  Argyle,  and  is  intended  for  small  churches, 
lodges,  and  music  rooms  ;  it  gives  as  beautiful  a  quality  of  tone  as 
the  pipe  organ  and  costs  about  one-third  as  much.  Its  artistic  char- 
acter places  it  by  the  side  of  the  most  beautiful  grand  piano,  and  it 
is  a  fit  companion  to  that  beautiful  instrument.  Hon.  William  F. 
Gladstone  gave  it  its  name,  "The  Vocal  ion,  "  and  endorses  it 
thoroughly,  and  since  its  inception  by  Mr.  Hamilton  has  takeu 
a  great  interest  in  it. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


HENRY  A.  DREER 

No  business  firm  is  better  known  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia 
than  the  great  seed  firm  of  Henry  A.  Dreer  at  No.  714  Chestnut 
street.  Philadelphia  is  a  city  of  homes,  and  consequently  of  gar- 
dens, and  all  good  citizens  who  have  the  luxury  of  a  grass  plot  and 
a  flower  bed,  have  a  tender  spot  in  their  hearts  for  Dreer,  who  has 
the  power  of  beautifying  their  surroundings  and  giving  color  and 
fragrance  to  their  existence. 

The  finn  of  Henry  A.  Dreer  was  founded  in  1S38  under  the 
name  of  Hirst  S:  Dreer  with  offices  at  No.  97  Chestnut  street  and 
extensive  nurseries  at  Woodlands,  on  the  Darby  road.  At  the  end 
of  a  vear  Mr.  Hirst  retired  from  the  finn  and  Henry  A.  Dreer  alone 
began  to  lay  the  foundation  of  a  great  and  increasing  business. 
From  a  very  small  beginning  the  trade  has  grown  until  it  now 
requires  over  100  acres  of  land  to  produce  their  seeds,  and  a  large 
office  to  transact  the  business  that  has  gradually  culminated.  In 
1855  the  firm  was  removed  to  No.  117  Chestnut  street,  and  in  1S63 
still  more  spacious  quarters  were  necessary  for  the  business  portion 
of  the  concern,  and  the  present  handsome  offices  were  occupied  at 
No.  714  Chestnut  street.  Since  that  time  the  business  of  the  firm 
has  increased  until  it  has  no  rival  in  the  city,  and  the  result  of  its 
work  in  cultivating  seeds  speaks  for  itself. 

The  extent  of  the  business  done  by  Henry  A.  Dreer  can  be  esti- 
mated by  a  glance  at  the  wonderful  growth  of  their  nurseries  or 
seed  farms.  From  a  small  beginning  at  Woodlands  in  1838,  the 
plant  had  to  be  removed  to  Mantua  and  Belmont  avenues  in  1S49, 
and  then  the  necessity  for  greater  space  and  the  improvements  of  a 
great  city  necessitated  another  change  to  a  more  elastic  locality. 
Rivcrton,  a  pretty  spot  in  New  Jersey,  was  the  place  selected,  and 
now  over  100  acres  are  devoted  to  seed  growing  and  testing,  and  the 
scientific  cultivation  of  plants  of  every  variety.  Thirty  large  green- 
houses, heated  by  a  ioo-horse-power  boiler,  are  necessary  for  the 
supply  of  seeds  demanded  by  the  great  business  developed.  Each 
house  is  devoted  to  the  cultivation  of  a  special  class  of  plants,  and 
the  stock  is  considered  the  best  arranged  and  regulated  of  its  kind 
in  the  country.  At  all  times  the  grounds  are  open  for  the  inspec- 
tion of  the  public,  and  they  are  a  grand  object  lesson  to  all  students 
of  plant  and  shrub  culture. 

The  seed  growers  employed  by  the  firm  are  the  most  experi- 
enced that  can  be  procured.  They  are  experts  in  specialties  and 
nothing  is  offered  for  sale  except  after  the  most  thorough  com- 
parative tests  and  a  full  assurance  of  its  germinating  strength. 
The  motto  of  the  firm  is  "  the  best  or  nothing,"  and  the  record 
proves  that  it  has  an  endless  variety  of  seeds  which  arc  absolutely 
reliable. 

The  house  has  also  educated  the  public  in  the  growth  of  plants 
and  vegetables  by  issuing  a  series  of  catalogues,  which  are  artistic 
as  well  as  instructive.  The  first  combined  li-~t  of  seeds  was  issued 
as  early  as  1840,  and  each  year  has  seen  a  more  extended  document 
sent  forth  to  the  public,  which  has  been  rational  in  its  tone,  edu- 
cational in  its  matter,  and  clearly  descriptive  of  the  articles  offered 
for  sale.  As  books  of  reference  these  catalogues  are  simplv  invalu- 
able. 

In  December,  1873,  the  founder  of  the  firm,  Henrv  A.  Dreer, 
died,  and  he  left  the  business  in  the  hands  of  his  son  Mr.  William 
F.  Dreer,  under  whose  able  management  the  business  has  extended 
and  prospered  in  a  marvelous  degree.  Mr.  William  F.  Dreer  was 
born  in  Philadelphia  in  1S49  ;  he  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
and  at  the  Hastings  Academy.  He  is  a  worthy  successor  of 
his  father  and  has  fully  realized  the  great  promise  of  his  youth, 
having  brought  the  business  of  seed  cultivation  up  to  a  positive 
science. 

As  an  instance  of  the  work  done  by  the  firm  in  the  improve- 
ment and  development  of  the  cultivation  of  seedlings  the  following 
actual  results  may  be  quoted.  In  1S6S,  through  the  medium  of 
Hon.  Bayard  Taylor,  Minister  to  Turkey,  the  seeds  of  the  Casaba, 
or  Persian  melon,  and  Latakia  tobacco  were  imported  and  brought 
to  perfection  in  this  country.  In  the  next  year  the  splendid  Musa 
Ensete,  or  Abyssinian  banana,  was  introduced  to  America,  after  it 
had  been  shown  for  the  first  time  in  Paris.  Since  then  it  has  been 
largely  cultivated,  and  has  proved  a  most  effective  plant  for  sub- 
tropical gardening.  In  1S70  the  beautiful  Ampelopsis  Veitchii  was 
introduced.  This  lovely  plant  was  sent  from  Japan  to  Messrs. 
Veitch  &  Sons  of  London,  and  at  once  imported  here.  It  has 
proved  one  of  the  most  valuable  climbing  plants  in  America.  Then 
there  are  vegetables,  such  as  the  Hanson  lettuce,  Bastiau's  turnip 
beet,  and  Dreer's  improved  lima  bean,  which  is  considered  a  most 
valuable  contribution  to  horticulture,  as  is  also  Dreer's  Eclipse 
asparagus,  and  many  others  which  have  amplv  proved  tlse  reliabil- 
ity and  deserved  prosperity  of  a  firm  which  has  had  50  vearssuccess- 
ful  career  in  the  seed  trade. 


COLEMAN  &  BROTHER 

The  firm  of  Coleman  &  Brother,  worsted  and  woolen  yarns,  of 
No.  212  Chestnut  street,  was  established  in  1S73.  It  was  the  first  to 
disseminate  the  French  system  of  yarns  in  this  country,  and  although 
for  many  years  it  was  thought  an  unwise  move,  at  the  present  time 
the  Messrs.  Coleman  have  so  fostered  and  increased  the  demand  for 
the  commodity  that  they  have  orders  for  all  they  can  possiblv  make. 
This  firm  was  the  first  and  is  the  largest  house  to  place  on  the  market 
worsted  yarns  on  commission,  and  their  sales  have  amounted  to 
2,500,000  pounds  annually.  The  business  which  was  infinitesimal  at 
its  commencement  was  established  by  George  F.  Coleman  and  James 
T.  Coleman,  sons  of  Nicholas  Coleman,  the  oldest  manufacturer  of 
wagons  and  carts  in  the  city.  Both  the  young  men  were  born  and 
reared  in  Philadelphia.  James  T.  thoroughly  understands  the  prac- 
tical spinning  business,  and  George  F.  is  an  expert  judge  of  varus. 
Before  the  change  in  the  tariff  the  brothers  were  large  importers  of 
yarns.  They  are  largely  interested  in  the  woolen  interests  of  this 
country,  and  transact  business  in  New  England  and  the  Western 
States.  They  handle  the  products  of  nine  mills,  from  the  coarsest 
to  the  finest  samples,  and  they  have  by  energy  and  good  judgment 
established  a  solid  and  lucrative  business.  The  first  year's  business 
of  the  Coleman  Brothers  aggregated  oue  hundred  and  fiftv  to  two 
hundred  thousand  dollars,  the  second  year  reached  five  hundred 
thousand,  and  now  the  record  has  risen  to  between  two  and  three 
millions.  The  business  of  the  firm  has  thus  been  fostered  and 
increased  until  the  demand  on  the  resources  of  the  firm  has  been 
embarrassing,  and  the  idea  that  when  started  was  thought  by  those 
who  knew  it  all  to  be  foolish  has  so  prospered  that  Coleman 
Brothers  have  as  much  business  as  they  can  attend  to. 

In  addition  to  the  interests  of  the  firm  George  F.  Coleman  is 
President  of  the  Norristown  Woolen  Company,  a  Director  of  the 
Conshohocken  Woolen  Company  and  a  member  of  the  Manufac- 
turers' Club.  Although  not  yet  twenty  years  old  this  young  firm 
has  made  for  itself  a  reputation  for  pluck  and  integrity  second  to 
none  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia. 


T.  BENNETT  PHILLIPS 

T.  Bennett  Phillips  is  one  of  the  leading  and  most  prominent 
coal  dealers  in  Philadelphia,  a  position  he  has  won  by  enterprise 
and  strict  attention  to  business.  In  1S70  he  entered  the  employ  of 
Campbell  Tucker.  Later  the  firm  of  Campbell  Tucker  &  Co.  was 
formed  of  which  Mr.  Phillips  became  a  member,  remaining  so  until 
Mr.  Campbell  Tucker's  death  in  18S4.  On  January  1,  1885,3  new 
firm  was  formed  with  the  old  name  and  Mr.  Phillips  became  a 
member  of  it.  This  latter  firm  of  Campbell  Tucker  &  Co.  expired 
by  limitation  December  31,  1SS8,  and  on  January  1,  1SS9,  Mr.  Phil- 
lips engaged  in  business  in  his  own  name  at  329  Walnut  street 
where  he  still  continues.  He  is  an  extensive  dealer  in  anthracite 
and  bituminous  coals  ;  among  those  he  handles  being,  anthracite 
from  the  Lehigh  and  Schuylkill  regions — bituminous  from  the 
Cumberland,  Clearfield,  Broad  Top  and  Gallitzin  regions — gas  coal 
from  the  Pennsylvania  and  West  Virginia  regions  as  well  as  Con- 
nellsville  and  other  cokes.  In  1S90  the  amount  handled  by  Mr. 
Phillips  was  more  than  200,000  tons,  and  for  the  first  six  months  of 
the  present  year  ( 1891  I  the  tonnage  and  shipments  were  largely  in 
excess  of  the  business  during  the  corresponding  period  in  1890.  He 
partially  supplies  several  railroads  in  the  New  England  States, 
where  he  has  also  a  large  wholesale  trade  in  addition.  His  busi- 
ness, however,  is  not  confined  to  the  Middle  and  Eastern  States, 
but  extends  to  other  points  on  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  coasts.  He 
is  known,  too,  in  the  West  Indies,  and  his  business  is  increasing  in 
this  direction.  From  these  few  points  the  energy  of  Mr.  Phillips 
can  plainly  be  discerned,  and  show  that  he  is  eminently  qualified 
to  carry  on  a  business  where  the  exactions  arc  so  many  and  so  diffi- 
cult to  be  met  and  overcome.  That  he  has  succeeded  does  not 
admit  of  a  doubt,  and  that  further  success  awaits  him  seems  assured. 
His  knowledge  of  the  business  is  extensive  and  thorough,  made  so 
by  his  careful  study  of  the  many  requirements  and  details  of  the 
trade.  His  entire  attention  is  devoted  to  his  patrons'  interests,  and 
his  promptness  in  attending  to  even  the  most  minute  detail  is  one 
cause  of  his  success.  He  is  honest  in  his  representations,  and  those 
who  deal  with  him  know  that  his  word  is  equal  to  his  bond,  and  he 
is  esteemed  aud  respected  by  a  large  circle  of  frieuds  and  patrons. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


C.  HULBURT  &  CO. 

The  well-known  firm  of  C.  Hulburt  &  Co.,  oil  manufacturers, 
at  No.  131  Arch  street,  was  founded  by  Chauncey  Hulburt,  who  was 
born  in  Warsaw,  Wyoming  county,  New  York  State,  in  1813.  His 
ancestors  claim  to  have  been  among  the  first  settlers  of  New  Eng- 
land, dating  back  265  years.  He  was  a  pioneer  in  the  oil  business, 
and  was  consigned  the  first  shipment  of  refined  oils  that  came  from 
Erie.  Mr.  Hulburt  was  also  the  first  to  discover  the  lubricating 
properties  of  petroleum  soon  after  the  discovery  of  that  particular 
class  of  oil  in  i860.  In  the  winter  of  1S62  the  government  placed 
a  revenue  tax  on  refined  petroleum,  and  without  any  solicitation  on 
the  part  of  Mr.  Hulburt,  he  received  a  commission  from  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury  Fessenden  appointing  him  Inspector  of  Petroleum 
for  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  and  he  served  the  government  in  that 
capacitv  until  the  tax  was  removed.  In  the  meantime  he  had  con- 
tinued his  investigations  on  the  lubricating  properties  of  petroleum 
and  he  achieved  great  success  in  his  experiments. 

He  finallv  determined  to  devote  his  whole  business  to  furnish- 
ing manufacturers  with  oils 
specially  adapted  either  for 
heavy  or  light  machinery.  The 
firm  carries  a  large  and  com- 
plete stock  embracing  all  kinds 
of  animal,  vegetable,  natural 
and  compounded  oils  of  all 
grades.  Mr.  Hulburt  came  to 
Pennsylvania  when  a  young 
man  and  settled  in  Belletonte, 
Centre  county,  where  for  many 
years  he  carried  on  a  large  and 
successful  manufacturing  busi- 
ness. He  subsequently  came  to 
Philadelphia  and  started  in  the 
wholesale  dry  goods  business 
in  which  he  continued  to  pros- 
per for  twelve  years.  It  was 
not  until  1S61,  at  the  time  of 
the  war  of  the  rebellion,  soon 
after  the  discovery  of  petro- 
leum, that  lie  turned  his  sole 
attention  to  the  business  in 
which  lie  has  achieved  such 
remarkable  success. 

Advancing  years  have  com- 
pelled Mr.  Hulburt  to  partially 
retire  from  any  very  active  part 
in  the  business,  but  he  has  an 
excellent  partner  in  his  eldest 
son,  Mr.  D.  W.  Hulburt,  who 
has  worthily  followed  in  the 
footsteps  of  iiis  father,  and  who 
continues  to  develop  and  in- 
crease the  business  which  has 
prospered  so  well  under  the 
fostering  care  of  both  father 
and  son. 


Gas  Coal  Co.  aud  Indiana  Coal  and  Coke  Co.     The  firm  is  also  in- 
terested in  the  Hecla  Coke  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

The  yearly  output  of  these  mines  is  between  Soo.ooo  aud 
1,000,000  tons.  The  business  of  Mr.  Williams  and  his  associates  is 
distributed  throughout  the  Middle  and  New  England  States,  in 
which  they  supply  many  railroad  companies,  steamship  lines,  roll- 
ing mills  and  manufacturers  generally.  Nothing  further  need  be 
said  in  endorsement  of  the  Company  than  to  refer  the  reader  to  the 
names  of  the  different  mines  which  they  control,  which  are  well 
and  favorably  known  to  the  trade  in  general.  Besides  the  branch 
offices  at  the  different  mines,  David  E-  Williams  &  Co.  have  their 
principal  office  in  Philadelphia,  at  333  Walnut  street. 


Chauncey  Hulburt 


HARRINGTON  &  GOODMAN 

The  firm  of  Harrington  &  Goodman,  importers  and  wholesale 
dealers  in  tailors'  trimmings  and  woolens,  are  too  well  known  to 
need  any  praise.  The  business  was  established  over  half  a  cen- 
tury ago  by  Thomas  N.  Dale, 
who  was  the  pioneer  dealer  in 
tailors'  trimmings  in  the  citv, 
as  a  distinctive  trade.  Mr. 
Samuel  Goodman  bought  out 
the  business  of  Thomas  N.  Dale 
&  Co.  in  1867,  when  the  ware- 
houses were  at  No.  610  Chest- 
nut street,  uow  the  site  of  the 
Land  Title  and  Trust  Company. 
Mr.  Goodman  associated  him- 
self in  the  business  with  Henry 
L.  Harrington,  and  the  title  of 
the  firm  was  Harrington  & 
Goodman.  In  1873  the  busi- 
ness had  grown  to  such  pro- 
portions tiiat  larger  premises 
became  necessary  and  the  firm 
leased  the  large  building  at 
No.  619  Chestnut  street.  In 
the  same  year  Mr.  William  E. 
Goodman  was  admitted  to  the 
firm  and  Mr.  Harrington  died. 
Subsequently,  in  1S76,  the 
original  co-partnership  lapsed, 
and  in  [8S0  Mr.  Joseph  E. 
Goodman  was  made  a  member 
of  the  firm  and  a  further  addi- 
tion was  made  to  the  business 
premises  by  the  renting  of  the 
adjoining  store,  No.  621  Chest- 
nut street.  The  business  done 
is  exclusively  in  tailors'  trim- 
mings and  woolen  cloths,  and 
thev  are  the  largest  importers 
of  that  class  of  goods  in  the 
country.  Theysell  in  every  big 
city  in  the  United  States. 

The  present   members    of 
the  firm  are,  Samuel  Goodman, 


DAVID   E.  WILLIAMS  &  CO. 


Miners  and  shippers  of  bituminous  coal  and  coke.  The  con- 
sumption of  coal  and  coke  has  naturally  assumed  proportions  which 
eclipse  those  of  any  other  material,  and  as  a  result  many  large  coal 
establishments  have  sprung  into  existence.  A  friendly  rivalry  exists 
between  the  many  firms  and  companies.  The  firm  of  D.  E.  Williams 
&  Co.  have  won  a  reputation  of  which  they  may  justly  feel  proud. 

The  Company  was  established  in  1SS2,  and  although  they  en- 
tered a  business  in  which  competition  was  yearly  driving  the 
weaker  houses  from  existence,  they  not  only  successfully  met 
competition,  but  built  up  for  themselves  one  of  the  largest  busi- 
nesses in  the  city  of  Philadelphia.  They  arc  owners,  miners  aud 
shippers  of  coal  and  coke,  their  favorite  being  the  Glenwood  bitu- 
minous coals,  the  superiority  of  which  is  generally  recognized  for 
rolling  mills  and  steam  purposes  and  which  has  aided  not  a  little 
in  placing  the  Company  among  the  foremost  coal  firms  of  Philadel- 
phia. Their  mines  are  located  at  Phillipsburg,  Pa.,  and  Glen 
Campbell,  Pa.  The  mines  in  which  this  concern  is  interested  are 
the  Glenwood  Coal  Co.,  Carbon  Coal  Co.,  Madison  Gas  Coal  Co., 
aud  Indiana  Coal  and  Coke  Co. 

David  E.  Williams,  senior  member  of  the  Company,  is  Presi- 
dent of  the  Glenwood  Coal  Co.,  Carbon  Coal  Co.,  and  the  Madison 


William  E.  Goodman  and  Joseph  E.  Goodman,  all  brothers,  and 
all  of  them  have  fought  side  by  side  for  their  country,  having 
served  honorablv  all  through  the  war  of  the  rebellion. 

Samuel  Goodman  was  gazetted  Second  Lieutenant  of  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Pennsvlvaiiia  Infantry  in  1S61,  and  was  honorably  mustered 
out  in  1S64,  with  the  brevet  rank  of  Colonel.  He  fought  gallantly 
at  the  battles  of  Cedar  Mountain,  Antietam,  Chancellorsville,  Get- 
tvsburg,  Lookout  Mountain,  Mission  Ridge,  Ringgold,  Mill  Creek 
Gap  and  Resaca.    He  was  wounded  at  Chancellorsville  and  Ringgold. 

William  Earnest  Goodman  enlisted  in  the  Nineteenth  Pennsyl- 
vania Infantrv  in  1861,  and  subsequently  exchanged  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth,  and  "then  to  the  Hundred  and  Forty-seventh  Regiment. 
He  was  honorablv  mustered  out  in  1865  with  the  brevet  rank  of 
Major.  He  served  all  through  the  campaign  in  Georgia  and  the 
Carolinas,  and  was  wounded  at  Chancellorsville. 

Joseph  Earnest  Goodman  was  a  private  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Regiment  and  was  honorably  discharged  in  1S06,  with  the  rank  of 
Second  Lieutenant.  He  fought  gallantly  by  the  side  of  his  brothers 
and  at  the  battle  of  Ringgold  he  was  shot  in  the  leg.  His  brother, 
Dr.  Henrv  Goodman,  of  the  same  regiment,  amputating  the  limb 
on  the  battle-field.  Brothers  in  war,  brothers  in  peace,  this  gallant 
family  enjov  as  high  a  reputation  in  the  mercantile  world  as  they 
did  in  the  war,  and  they  are  deservedly  prosperous. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


SITES,  WHEELER  &  CO. 

This  house  is  one  of  the  most  prominent  in  Philadelphia,  and 
was  established  in  1S79  by  H.  Fred.  Sites,  who  continued  it  until 
1883,  when  Mifflin  Wheeler  was  admitted  as  a  partner.  The  firm 
theu  became  known  as  Sites,  Wheeler  &  Co.,  and  although  other 
changes  have  been  made  in  the  partnership,  the  old  name  has  con- 
tinued. In  18S7  G.  W.  Nicolls  became  a  member  of  the  firm,  and 
two  vears  later,  some  time  in  1889,  the  founder  and  senior  partner, 
Mr.  Sites,  died.  His  death,  however,  did  not  cause  any  change  in 
the  name,  as  the  trade  is  still  conducted  as  Sites,  Wheeler  &  Co. 
The  business  is  that  of  purchasing  and  selling  pig,  plate  and  bar 
iron,  new  and  old  rails,  charcoal  blooms  and  steel  and  iron  plates. 
Thev  are  agents  for  the  Spring  City  Bloom  Works,  and  have  an 
enormous  trade  in  this  line.  Both  partners  are  practical  business 
men,  and  have  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  business  they  are 
engaged  in.  Mr.  Wheeler  gained  his  experience  in  the  office  of 
Morris,  Wheeler  &  Co.,  and  later  was  in  charge  of  several  depart- 
ments of  the  Pottstown  Iron  Company,  a  position  he  retained  until 
joining  the  firm  of  which  he  is 
now  the  head.  Mr.  Nicolls  was 
formerlv  in  the  employ  of  the 
Pottstown  Iron  Company,  in 
which  he  held  a  number  of 
responsible  positions.  He  con- 
tinued with  the  company  be- 
tween the  years  1S67  and  1876, 
when  he  resigned  to  accept  the 
secretaryship  of  the  Glascow 
Iron  Company.  He  remained 
with  this  company  until  1S86, 
when  he  ascended  another  rung 
in  the  ladder  by  becoming 
President  of  the  Christiana 
Rolling  Mill  Company  at  Wil- 
mington, Delaware.  The  mill 
was  totally  destroyed  by  a  cy- 
clone in  1887,  and  the  com- 
pany was  dissolved.  The  op- 
portunity being  offered.  Mr. 
Nicolls  then  became  a  member 
of  the  firm  of  Sites,  Wheeler 
&  Co.  They  have  established 
for  themselves  an  enviable 
reputation  by  their  energetic 
vet  conservative  management, 
and  their  list  of  patrons  is  ever 
increasing.  Their  principal 
business  office  is  at  No.  216 
South  Third  street. 


which  produces  the  celebrated  Frugality  low  phosphorus  coke ; 
agents  for  the  William  Penn  and  Oak  Hill  Anthracite  coals,  and 
sell  A.  Pardee  &  Company's  and  Penn  Gas  Coal  Company's  coals. 
Their  shipments  are  made  by  rail,  canaland  coastwise  vessels,  their 
business  being  principally  with  steamship  and  railroad  companies, 
steel  works,  iron  furnaces,  rolling  mills,  and  manufacturing  estab- 
lishments generally,  as  the  coals  they  handle  are  especially  adapted 
for  these  purposes.  Their  business  has  attained  enormous  propor- 
tions, the  yearly  shipments  averaging  500,000  tons,  distributed 
among  the  New  England  States,  New  York  and  Pennsylvania.  Mr. 
Tucker  possesses  every  requisite  to  make  his  business  a  greater  suc- 
cess even  than  it  has  already  attained,  being  progressive,  enterpris- 
ing and  quick  to  perceive  and  meet  the  requirements  of  the  trade. 


ALFRED  TUCKER  &  CO. 

The  name  of  Tucker  has 
long  been  identified  with  the 
business  interests  of  Phila- 
delphia, and  although  the 
above  firm  has  only  been  in 
existence  since  1S8S,  its  success  and  progress  has  been  such  as  to 
indicate  that  the  past  achievements  of  its  predecessors  are  to  be  re- 
peated, on  even  a  more  extensive  scale.  The  firm  occupies  a 
handsome  suite  of  three  rooms  in  the  Insurance  Companv  of  the 
State  of  Pennsylvania  building,  at  No.  136  South  Fourth  street, 
where  Mr.  Alfred  Tucker  personally  manages  the  large  and  con- 
stantly increasing  business  of  the  Company.  He  is  a  native  of  this 
city,  a  son  of  Hon.  John  Tucker,  deceased,  and  was  born  in  1841. 
His  father  was  among  our  most  prominent  citizens,  and  was  con- 
nected with  many  local  enterprises,  having  been  at  one  time  Presi- 
dent of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad  Company.  He  also 
held  the  high  office  of  Assistant  Secretary  of  War  under  Stanton, 
during  President  Lincoln's  first  term.  The  son— the  subject  of  this 
sketch — was  given  every  educational  advantage,  and  graduated  from 
the  Polytechuic  College  in  1S70.  He  entered  upon  a  business 
career  immediately  thereafter,  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Camp- 
bell, Tucker  &  Co.,  coal  agents  and  shippers.  The  firm  expired  by 
reason  of  limitation  on  the  thirty-first  day  of  December,  1S88,  Mr. 
Tucker  immediately  forming  the  present  firm.  It  has  an  interest 
in  six  mines  in  the  Clearfield  regions,  the  product  of  which  is  of 
the  very  best  quality.  They  are  also  sales  and  shipping  agents  for 
the  American  Coal  Company,  George's  Creek,  Cumberland  coal  ; 
representatives  of  the  Cresson  Clearfield  Coke  and  Coal  Compauy, 


TRADES  LEAGUE  AND  WILLIAM  W-  FOULKROD 

The  Trades  League  of  Philadelphia  is  an  established  fact.  On 
March  24,  1891,  in  answer  to  a  call  signed  by  a  number  of  promi- 
nent merchants,  a  public  meet- 
ing was  held  in  the  Common 
Council  Chamber  and  the 
Trades  League  was  then  and 
there  organized  with  William 
W.  Foulkrod,  of  the  firm  of 
Hood,  Foulkrod  &  Co.,  as 
president,  Edward  D.  Evre 
vice-president,  Samuel  H. 
Creger  treasurer,  and  J.  N. 
Fitzgerald  secretary. 

The  objects  of  the  Trades 
League  are  to  bring  together 
the  different  mercantile  inter- 
ests of  the  city  into  one  large 
organization  for  the  improve- 
ment of  the  general  business 
of  Philadelphia.  The  necessity 
for  such  an  organization  has 
long  been  felt  in  this  city,  and 
from  the  number  of  prominent 
citizens  of  every  trade  that  have 
enrolled  themselves  as  mem- 
bers the  success  of  the  Trades 
League  is  assured. 

William  \V.  Foulkrod,  the 
first  president  of  the  Trades 
League,  is  a  member  of  the 
great  wholesale  dry  goods  firm 
of  Hood,  Foulkrod  &  Co.  He 
was  born  November  22,  1846, 
in  the  old  district  of  Frankford, 
within  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  and  where  the  Foulkrod  family 
has  resided  for  six  generations.  This  family  is  one  of  the  oldest 
in  the  city  and  its  members  have  always  been  prominent  in 
public  affairs  and  mercantile  pursuits.  Mr.  Foulkrod's  father,  Levi 
Foulkrod,  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  for  the  Philadelphia 
district.  His  grandfather,  John  Foulkrod,  besides  being  a  State 
Senator  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  1S37 
and  183S. 

Mr.  Foulkrod  began  his  business  career  when  a  boy  in  the 
wholesale  notion  house  of  Mustin  &  Bennett  on  January  1,  1863, 
one  of  the  oldest  and  most  prominent  houses  in  the  city.  He 
remained  there  through  various  changes  until  the  firm  was  re-or- 
gauized  as  Thomas  F.  Mustin  &  Co.,  when  Mr.  Foulkrod  was  ad- 
mitted as  an  active  partner. 

In  1S87,  when  John  Wanamaker  went  into  the  wholesale  busi- 
ness, he  bought  out  the  firm  of  Mustin  &  Co..  and  Mr.  Foulkrod 
was  specially  retained  to  take  charge  of  Mr.  Wanamaker's  whole- 
sale notion  business.  He  retained  this  position  until  1890,  when 
he  again  entered  into  business  on  his  own  account  by  becoming 
the  active  partner  and  moving  spirit  in  the  firm  of  Hood,  Foulkrod 
&  Co.,  which  is  to-day  one  of  the  largest  mercantile  establishments 
in  the  country. 


2'5 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


HUGHES  &  MuLLER 

The  large  and  fashionable  custom  tailoring  business  of  Hughes 
&  Miiller,  at  Nos.  1035  atid  1037  Chestnut  street,  was  founded  by 
George  Hughes  and  George  Miiller  in  184S,  and  it  is  alone  in  its 
importance  as  the  most  prominent  and  high  classed  firm  of  its  kind 
in  the  City  of  Philadelphia. 

Mr.  George  Miiller,  the  surviving  member  of  the  original  firm, 
was  born  at  Waldorf  (the  same  little  village  where  the  founder  of 
the  Astor family  came  from),  near  Heidelberg,  in  the  year  1S22.  He 
learned  his  trade  in  his  nativeplace,  and  after  procuring  his  freedom 
papers  he  went  on  the  usual  trade  journey  from  1S39  to  1842.  Then 
the  laws  of  Germany  compelled  him  to  return  to  his  native  place 
in  order  to  comply  with  the  conscription  regulations.  Fortunatelv 
for  the  young  tailor  he  drew  a 
lucky  number  and  was  relieved 
from  his  military  duties  to  his 
country  for  the  remainder  of 
his  natural  life.  Having  thus 
gained  experience  and  profi- 
ciency in  his  trade  by  long 
practice  and  close  application, 
young  Miiller  settled  in  Paris 
in  1842,  and  he  continued  to 
perfect  himself  in  his  business 
in  that  great  city  for  a  period 
of  i\\e  years. 

George  Miiller  having  ex- 
perienced the  unpleasant  re- 
strictions to  liberty  in  Europe, 
and  having  luckily  escaped  a 
good  part  of  them,  determined 
to  try  the  freedom  of  the 
Western  Hemisphere.  In  1.S47, 
lie  accordingly  sailed  from 
Havre  and  landed  in  New 
York.  He  at  once  came  on 
to  Philadelphia,  where  he  has 
lived  and  prospered  ever  since. 
After  working  for  one  year  with 
the  firm  of  Kelly  &  Brother, 
the  then  fashionable  house, 
Mr.    Miiller  determined   to  George 

launch  out  for  himself.  He  joined  Mr.  George  Hughes,  who 
was  also  in  the  employ  of  Messrs.  Kelly,  and  the  two  young 
men  entered  into  partnership  and  started  in  business  in  a  modest 
way  on  Market  street,  below  Tenth.  Thus  was  originated  the  now 
great  business  establishment  of  Hughes  &  Miiller.  The  two  young 
tradesmen  were  both  hard-working,  conscientious  business  men,  and 
their  concern  prospered.  From  the  first  their  aim  was  to  build  up  a 
fashionable  trade  and  it  was  on  the  advice  of  some  of  the  leading 
club  men  of  the  day  that  they  were  induced,  with  increasing 
business,  to  see  the  necessity  for  larger  quarters,  and  the  firm 
removed  to  Chestnut  street,  at  the  northeast  corner  of  Eighth 
street,  where  the  business  was  carried  on  with  unvarying  success 
for  fourteen  years. 

In   1S62,  still  more  spacious  premises  became  imperative,  to 
comply  with  the  demands  of  increasing  trade,  and  another  move 


was  made  to  No.  841  Chestnut  street,  under  the  Girard  House, 
where  they  remained  until  1871.  Then  still  larger  premises  became 
necessary,  and  the  final  location  of  the  firm  was  made  in  the 
present  handsome  premises  at  Xo.  1035  Chestnut  street,  which  were 
purchased,  and  the  business  still  further  developed  and  increased  in 
size  and  importance. 

Soon  after  the  removal  to  No.  1035  Chestnut  street,  Mr.  George 
Hughes  died,  and  Mr.  George  Miiller  took  his  two  sons  into  part- 
nership. The  firm,  however,  still  holding  the  original  title  of 
Hughes  &  Miiller.  The  adjoining  premises,  No.  1037  Chestnut 
street,  were  now  added,  forming  a  very  handsome  double  front 
establishment  on  the  finest  business  street  in  Philadelphia,  and 
adding  largely  to  the  capacity  and  capabilities  of  what  is  probably 
the  largest  business  of  its  kind  in  the  United  States. 

The  personnel  of  the  firm, 
as  it  at  present  stands,  is,  Geo. 
Miiller,  the  founder,  Geo.  K. 
Miiller,  and  John  H.  Miiller. 
Mr.  Miiller,  senior,  is  of  medi- 
um height  and  a  fine-looking 
man,  who  carries  his  years 
easily,  and  his  sturdy  form 
and  genial  face  are  among  the 
best  known  features  of  Chest- 
nut street.  Having  amassed  an 
ample  fortune  Mr.  Miiller 
spends  it  liberally  in  good 
works  and  charities.  He  is  a 
member  of  many  societies,  and 
he  was  the  first  President  of  the 
Merchant  Tailors'  Exchange  of 
Philadelphia,  which  is  the  pa- 
rent exchange  of  those  now 
existing  in  this  country,  as 
well  as  the  largest  and  most 
important. 

The  handsome  establish- 
ment on  Chestnut  street  is  the 
resort  of  a  large  number  of  the 
fashionable  young  society  men 
of  the  city.  It  is  a  favorite  lounging  place,  and  there  the  latest 
styles  of  clothes  are  discussed  and  admired,  and  the  most  recent 
London  fashions  are  imported  for  their  delectation  and  selection. 
Thus  from  a  very  humble  inception  a  large  and  important 
business  has  been  established,  and  the  industry,  integrity  and 
perseverance  of  George  Miiller,  have  been  properly  rewarded  by 
the  establishment  of  a  great  and  prosperous  emporium  for  the 
manufacture  of  fine  clothing,  which  ranks  among  the  highest  in 
the  world.  Mr.  Miiller's  two  sous  follow  in  the  footsteps  of  their 
father,  and  by  their  attention  to  business  and  unvarying  courtesy 
to  their  many  customers,  they  are  consolidating  the  business  which 
has  been  laid  on  such  firm  foundations,  and  which  is  likely  to  remain 
a  perpetual  monument  to  the  energy  of  its  founders,  and  a  credit 
to  the  city  in  which  it  was  established  and  has  so  marvelously 
extended  and  prospered. 


MULLER 


2l6 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


McFADDEN   COMPANY 

Naturally  conservative  id  the  matter  of  purchasing  goods,  most 
business  men  of  Philadelphia  desire  to  deal  with  an  old  established 
house,  one  that  has  built  its  reputation  upon  years  of  success,  both 
in  point  of  low  figures  and  fair  dealing.  Certainly  the  oldest  and 
one  of  the  largest  supply  houses  in  the  city  is  the  McFadden  Com- 
pany. This  enterprise  had  its  inception  as  long  ago  as  1S29.  After 
passing  through  a  number  of  changes  in  management  it  eventually 
fell  under  the  direction  of  Messrs.  Howard,  Tallman  &  Co.,  and 
until  1S76  the  style  of  the  firm  continued  the  same.  In  that  year 
John  W.  and  Charles  McFadden  purchased  the  interest  of  Mr.  How- 
ard. Upon  this  he  retired,  and  the  style  of  the  firm  was  changed 
to  Tallman  &  McFadden,  the  firm  continuing  under  this  title  until 
the  death  of  the  senior  member  of  the  firm,  Mr.  Tallman,  when  the 
present  stvle  was  adopted. 

The  premises  occupied  by  the  firm  were  originally  located  at  1025 
Market  street,  but  during  the  past  few  years  the  trade  has  so  largely 
increased  that  it  was  found  necessary  to  remove  to  more  commo- 
dious quarters  at  735  Market 
street.  The  present  build- 
ing was  taken  and  refitted  in 
the  most  approved  manner, 
every  convenience  being 
brought  to  bear  upon  the  work 
in  hand.  The  stock  carried  is 
very  heavy  and  comprises  one 
of  the  most  widely  assorted 
that  can  well  be  imagined  ;  all 
kinds  of  tools  for  machinists', 
carpenters'  and  mechanics' 
uses,  all  kinds  of  supplies, 
separate  parts  for  almost  every 
varictv  of  machine ;  in  fact, 
the  catalogue  published  by  the 
firm  is  a  volume  of  great  size 
and  the  work  of  years  to  com- 
pile, showing  cuts  and  prices 
of  almost  everything  carried  in 
stock.  The  trade  covers  this 
and  the  surrounding  States,  in 
addition  to  which  a  large  ex- 
port business  has  been  built 
up,  principally  with  points  in 
South  and  Central  America. 
The  management  of  affairs  is 
devolved  upon  Messrs.  Charles 
McFadden,  Sr. ,  John  W. 
McFadden,  and  Charles 
McFadden,  Jr.  These  gentle- 
men have  spent  their  entire 
business  career  in  this  line 
and  are  familiar  with  all  the 
manv  intricate  details  that  are 
naturallv  connected  with  it. 


He  is  an  eloquent  speaker  and  is  in  great  demand  during  the  cam- 
paign fights.  He  went  on  the  stump  for  President  Harrison  and 
Mr.  Delamater,  and  he  is  now  advocating  the  cause  of  candidates 
Gregg  and  Morrison  on  the  State  ticket.  He  is  alwavs  in  great 
demand  by  the  Republican  City  Committee  at  election  times. 

In  fact  Mr.  Horr  is  as  great  a  success  as  a  politician  as  he  is  as 
a  business  man,  and  whatever  he  undertakes  he  carries  out  with 
the  utmost  energy  and  to  the  full  extent  of  his  powers.  In  his 
business  he  has  developed  several  specialties,  notablv  in  the  intro- 
duction of  Clarkfield's  sawed  flag  pavements.  He  also  deals  largelv 
in  Elyria  Sandstone,  Gatelawbridge  Scotch  red  stone  and  Hoosier 
Indiana  limestone.  Mr.  Horr  has  several  times  been  mentioned 
as  a  probable  appointee  of  some  important  city  offices,  but  he  is 
more  inclined  to  look  after  the  profits  of  his  stone  business  than  to 
grapple  with  the  problems  of  official  life. 


R.  C.  HORR  &  CO. 


The  prosperous  stone  business  of  R.  C.  Horr  &  Co.  was  started 
in  1S82  by  R.  A.  Horr  and  his  son  R.  C.  Horr.  The  father  was  in 
partnership  with  W.  R.  Santley,  at  Wellington,  Ohio,  in  the  lumber 
business,  but  he  retired  from  that  business  and  went  into  handling 
stone  from  his  own  quarries  in  Ohio.  The  offices  and  yard  are  at 
No.  272S  North  Broad  street,  and  the  increasing  business  is  ably 
managed  by  Mr.  R.  C.  Horr. 

R.  Cortland  Horr  was  born  in  Ohio,  in  1S59,  and  was  educated 
in  the  public  schools,  he  afterward  went  to  Oberlin  College  and 
finally  graduated  at  Cornell  University  in  18S2.  The  same  vear  he 
went  into  the  stone  business  with  his  father.  Although  a  busy 
man  and  rapidly  increasing  his  trade,  Mr.  Horr  finds  time  to  go 
into  politics.  He  first  became  prominent  in  political  circles  by  the 
activity  he  displayed  in  advocating  the  election  of  President  Har- 
rison. In  February  1SS9  he  was  elected  to  Common  Councils  to 
represent  the  33rd  ward  and  he  worked  so  well  for  his  constitu- 
ents that  he  was  reelected  at  the  expiration  of  his  first  term.  He 
is  now  chairman  of  the  Fire  and  Health  committees,  and  he  stronglv 
advocated  and  championed  better  legislation  for  the  prohibition  of 
the  sale  of  adulterated  milk.  He  is  also  an  active  member  of  the  Law 
and  Water  committees.  In  Republican  circles  Mr.  Horr  has  gained 
great  popularity,  and  he  is  a  member  of  many  clubs,  including  the 
Young  Republicans,  Anti-Cobden,  Columbia  and  Tom  Reed  clubs. 


MITCHELL  &  MEIGS 

A  well  known  and  pros- 
perous coal,  iron  and  coke 
firm  is  that  of  Mitchell  & 
Meigs,  whose  principal  offices 
arelocated  at  I36and  13S  South 
Fourth  street,  Philadelphia. 
Robert  Mitchell,  senior  mem- 
ber of  the  firm,  established  the 
business  in  iy.Sj,  at  Lebanon, 
Pa.,  but  his  trade  assumed  such 
proportions  that  he  found  it 
not  only  necessary  to  remove 
his  principal  office  to  thiscitv, 
but  to  admit  a  partner,  and  on 
January  1,  1SS9,  H.  V.  L.  Meigs 
became  associated  with  Mr. 
Mitchell,  under  the  firm  name 
of  Mitchell  &  Meigs.  That 
both  gentleman  understood 
the  business  and  the  require- 
ments of  the  trade  is  attested 
by  the  great  success  thev  have 
attained,  and  to-day  their  busi- 
ness is  in  a  most  flourishing 
condition  ami  constantlv  in- 
creasing. While  Philadelphia 
was  made  their  headquarters, 
they  have  a  branch  office  at 
Lebanon  also,  so  that  thev  are 
in  position  to  keep  pace  with 
the  latest  developments  in  their 
line.  Mr.  Mitchell  personally 
manages  the  branch  office,  and 
resides  in  Lebanon.  The  firm 
controls  or  owns  the  output  of 
several  collieries,  one  of  which 
is  the  famous  Columbia  col- 
liery situated  in  the  Clear- 
Horr  field    region  ;    in    addition  to 

this  they  handle  the  Phila- 
delphia &  Reading  Coal  and  Iron  Company's  anthracite  coals, 
and  are  agents  for  several  leading  bituminous  and  gas  coals. 
McClure  Coke  Company's  Connellsville  coke.  They  are  also  man- 
ufacturers of  coke,  are  interested  in  the  manufacture  of  pig  iron, 
and  control  the  entire  output  of  the  Rohrerstown  rolling  mill,  in 
Lancaster  county,  which  produces  muck  bars  of  a  very  superior 
quality.  Mitchell  &  Meigs  also  handle  the  product  of  the  Blakeslee 
Manufacturing  Company  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  which  includes  bolt, 
nut,  rivet  and  forging  machines.  Besides  having  a  large  American 
trade,  the  firm  exports  a  large  quantity  of  coals,  coke,  etc. 


JOSIAH  M.  BACON 


Josiah  M.  Bacon,  the  well-known  coal  miner  and  shipper,  comes 
of  an  old  Quaker  family.  His  father  was  Joshua  Bacon,  one  of  Phila- 
delphia's most  respected  merchants  and  a  shining  light  in  the  Society 
of  Friends.  Mr.  Bacon  is  a  Philadelphian,  and  a  scion  of  one  of  the 
oldest  city  families.  He  is  largely  engaged  in  coal  mining  and 
shipping,  and  for  many  years  his  offices  were  at  No.  329  Walnut 
street ;  lately,  however,  he  has  moved  to  more  spacious  quarters  in 
the  building  of  the  Insurance  Company  of  the  State  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, 136  and  13S  South  Fourth  street. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


J.  STEWART  KNIGHT  &  CO. 

The  firm  of  J.  Stewart  Knight  &Co. ,  wholesale  lumber  dealers, 
was  formed  in  1889.  The  members  are  J.  Stewart  Knight,  of  Phila- 
delphia, and  Martin  T.  Greene,  of  Chicago,  Illinois,  both  of  them 
experienced  lumber  dealers  and  highly  esteemed  In- those  high  in 
the  trade.  The  offices  are  located  at  No.  18  South  Broad  street, 
Philadelphia. 

Mr.  J.  Stewart  Knight  was  born  in  this  city  in  1857,  and  has 
resided  here  all  his  life.  After  passing  through  the  public  schools 
he  finished  his  education  at  Lauderbach's  Academy,  at  Ninth  and 
Chestnut  streets.  He  then  went  through  a  thorough  course  of 
training  tor  the  lumber  business.  Commencing  at  the  bottom  rung 
of  the  ladder  he  passed  through  all  the  grades  from  counter  book- 
keeper to  inspector,  purchaser,  salesman,  until  he  became  the  head 
of  a  solid  firm.  It  would  be  very  difficult  to  find  a  man  more  thor- 
oughly equipped  for  his  business  than  Mr.   Knight. 

His  father,  Franklin  Knight,  has  been  connected  in  different 
capacities  with  the  saw  mill  and  lumber  business  in  this  citv  since 
1S51.  The  family  is  of  the  old  New  England  stock.  Mr.  Knight's 
great-great-grandfather  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  of  the  town 
of  Portland,  Maine,  and  his  great-grandfather  served  honorablv  and 
valiantly  for  three  years  in  the  Continental  Army.  Both  father  and 
sou  have  taken  a  lively  interest  in  the  formation  of  the  North  Caro- 
lina Worked  Lumber  Association,  and  it  was  largely  through  their 
personal  efforts  that  the  organization  was  formed  and  is  now  a  suc- 
cessful and  established  fact. 

Mr.  Martin  T.  Greene,  the  other  partner  of  the  firm,  hails  from 
Chicago.  He  is  President  of  the  Chicago  Lumber  Company,  aud 
he  enjoys  a  national  reputation  in  connection  with  the  lumber  in- 
terests of  the  country.  The  immense  business  of  the  Chicago 
establishment  absorbing  the  attention  of  Mr.  Greene,  he  has  not  as 
yet  taken  any  active  part  in  the  management  of  the  Philadelphia 
concern,  and  he  has  been  obliged  to  leave  it  to  the  able  supervision 
of  his  partner,  Mr.  Knight.  The  primary  object  in  establishing  the 
Philadelphia  house  was  to  have  an  agency  in  the  East  for  the  sale 
of  a  portion  of  the  immense  output  of  white  pine  and  poplar  lum- 
ber from  the  mills  of  the  Chicago  Lumber  Company.  This  object 
has  now  been  fully  attained,  ami  in  addition  thereto  the  firm  has 
engaged  to  a  large  extent  in  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  North 
Carolina  pine  lumber.  A  large  proportion  of  this  lumber  is  pro- 
cured in  the  rough  from  the  saw  mills,  and  from  thence  taken  to 
the  drying  kilns  of  Mr.  John  H.  Branning,  of  Edeuton.  North  Caro- 
lina, at  which  place  it  is  manufactured  into  flooring,  fencing,  ceil- 
ing boards,  siding,  mouldings,  aud  the  various  other  articles  for 
which  this  particular  kind  of  lumber  is  so  well  adapted.  The  pro- 
duct is  then  shipped  via  the  Norfolk  and  Southern  Railroad  to  Nor- 
folk, Virginia,  from  whence  it  is  distributed  by  vessel  and  rail  to 
various  points  in  Pennsylvania,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  and  all  the 
Eastern  States.  The  output  from  the  North  Carolina  mills  alone 
averages  the  large  total  of  15,000,000  feet  of  lumber  per  annum. 

The  principal  objects  of  the  North  Carolina  Worked  Lumber 
.Association,  of  which  mention  has  previously  been  made,  is  to  pro- 
mote the  personal  acquaintance  of  the  men  engaged  in  that  particu- 
lar class  of  business,  to  make  rules  which  shall  regulate  thegrading- 
gauge  of  manufacturer,  prices  at  which  sales  may  be  made,  and, 
if  necessary,  to  purchase  the  stock  of  any  member  of  the  associa- 
tion who  may  find  himself  overstocked  with  lumber,  and  experience 
a  difficulty  to  market  the  product.  The  offices  of  the  association 
are  located  at  Norfolk,  Virginia. 

The  Chicago  Lumber  Company  has  turned  its  particular  atten- 
tion more  largely  to  the  manufacture  of  poplar  lumber,  and  the 
Philadelphia  house  has  always  large  stocks  of  various  kinds 
of  lumber  from  which  to  fill  the  numerous  orders  with  which 
it  is  favored.  In  this  way  the  comparatively  small  establishment 
in  Pcnn  Square  conducts  the  business  of  a  large  company  in  Chi- 
cago, and  an  important  factory  in  Virginia,  and  from  small  begin- 
ning the  nucleus  of  a  thriving  business  has  been  established.  The 
firm  of  J.  Stewart  Knight  &  Co.  is  one  of  steady  and  healthy- 
growth,  and  it  is  conducted  by  men  who  are  the  most  experienced 
in  the  business.  Although,  as  yet,  only  of  recent  date,  the  capacity 
of  the  business  has  extended  in  such  proportions  that  the  output 
has  already  reached  from  twenty-five  to  thirty  millions  of  feet  of 
lumber  of  all  kinds  annually. 

These  figures  speak  for  themselves,  and  no  statement  can  be 
more  forcible,  and  so  sure  a  testimony  to  the  standing  and  exper- 
ience of  the  firm  of  J.  Stewart  Knight  &  Co. 


JESSE   LEE 

1  )f  Jesse  Lee  &  Sons,  dealers  in  saddlery  hardware,  34  South 
Fourth  street,  was  born  in  Hunterdon  county,  N.  ].,  and  attended 
the  public  school  at  Milford,  living  on  his  father's  farm  until  he 
had  attained  his  eighteenth  year.  He  was  born  October,  1817  ;  in 
1835  he  was  employed  as  clerk  in  a  general  store  in  Easton,  Pa.,  iu 
1S38  he  went  to  Florida,  and  served  as  shipping  clerk  in  a  cotton 
house,  spending  his  summers  north,  aud  speculating  in  flour  and 
produce  and  sending  the  same  by  schooner  to  Havana.  In  1841,  a 
building,  in  which  all  his  stock  on  hand  was  stored,  was  burned, 
and  he  was  left  penniless.  Undaunted  by  his  misfortune,  he  returned 
to  this  city  and  served  a  clerkship  until  185 1,  when  with  Thomas 
Fenton  he  began  the  carriage  and  saddlery  hardware  business.  Mr. 
Fenton  died  in  1S54,  and  Mr.  Lee  assumed  full  control.  In  18S3 
and  18S7,  his  sons,  Louis  and  Walter,  were  respectivelv  admitted  as 
partners.  Saddlery  hardware  and  horse  goods  are  the  exclusive 
lines  in  stock.  It  is  the  oldest  house  in  this  business  in  the  city. 
They  sell  the  celebrated  Birmingham  horse  clippers,  sheets  and 
blankets,  and  the  "  Keystone  Standard  "  horse-boots  of  their  own 
manufacture,  which  have  become  immensely  popular. 

By  untiring  industry,  the  business  has  increased  over  400  per 
cent.     The  sales  amounted  to  ^175,000  last  year. 


THE  WOMEN'S  SILK  CULTURE  ASSOCIATION 

The  Women's  Silk  Culture  Association  of  the  United  States, 
whose  office  is  at  No.  1224  Archstreet,  was  organized  in  April, 1880, 
as  a  movement  of  a  few  charitable  and  patriotic  women  to  introduce 
a  new  industry  among  the  women  aud  children  of  the  agricultural 
districts.  Their  object  being  to  find  another  source  of  employment 
for  the  vast  number  whom  we  have  leaving  the  agricultural  dis- 
tricts to  throng  the  cities  and  thereby  creating  crowded  and  un- 
healthy districts. 

The  correspondence  of  this  Association  has  extended  all  over 
the  States  and  to  many  parts  of  the  continent  ami  to  foreign 
countries.  60.000  American  families  have  through  this  Association 
received  instruction  in  the  art  of  silk  culture  and  many  are  ex- 
perimenting and  progressing  in  the  new  industry.  The  results 
have  been  very  good,  the  product  being  equal  in  quality  to  the 
best  foreign  raw  silk  and  lacking  only  the  experience  of  the  old 
silk  cultunsts  to  give  it  perfection  of  qualitv.  The  silk  thus  raised 
by  American  families  has  been  turned  into  all  the  known  silk 
fabrics  manufactured  in  our  country  and  has  produced  satisfactory 
material.  This  industry  needs  only  time  and  continued  perse- 
verance, together  with  the  systematic  planting  and  cultivation  of 
mulberry  trees,  to  keep  in  our  own  country  the  millions  of  dollars 
which  now  go  abroad  for  foreign  material.  There  is  no  doubt  but 
silk  culture  will  be  one  of  the  great  agricultural  industries  of  the 
United  States,  and  in  the  future  we  shall  not  only  supply  ourselves 
but  possiblv  other  markets  with  American  raw  silk.  Many  objec- 
tions are  urged  by  the  manufacturers  in  consequence  of  the  low 
wage  svstem  which  produces  this  silk  abroad,  but  they  as  manu- 
facturers had  the  same  conditions  to  contend  with  when  they  in- 
troduced the  manufacture  of  silk  into  our  country,  and  we  have 
only  to  look  at  the  flourishing  condition  of  the  manufacturers' 
silk  interests  of  our  country  to  recognize  how  readily  these  things 
are  overcome  in  the  progress  of  time.  Referring  to  the  work  done 
by  this  one  station  in  Philadelphia  :  we  have  purchased  from  those 
cultivating  silk  12,000  pounds  of  cocoons  ;  have  sold  1700  pounds 
of  reeled  or  commercial  raw  silk  ;  have  manufactured  2000  yards  of 
silk  goods  ;  have  made  40  silk  United  States  Hags  :  have  made  large 
quantities  of  silk  fringe  and  ribbons  ;  have  sent  cabinet  exhibits  of 
the  various  products  of  the  silk  industry  to  every  State  Agricultural 
Societv  in  the  LTnion  ;  have  sent  exhibits  of  our  work  with  reel 
and  reeler  to  nearly  every  large  exposition  held  within  the  last 
decade  ;  have  exhibited  our  work  and  reeling  in  England  and  Scot- 
land. We  have  numerous  demauds  from  Industrial  aud  High 
Schools  from  all  parts  of  the  country  for  cabinet  exhibits  of  the 
work  as  object  lessons  for  their  pupils  :  have  sent  out  thousands  of 
circulars  and  instruction  books  ;  and  within  the  last  three  years 
have  distributed  40,000  uiulberrv  trees  throughout  the  country, 
thereby  laying  the  foundation  for  the  coming  silk  culture  ;  we  have 
instructed  American  girls  in  the  art  of  reeling,  and  have  thus  be- 
come a  school  of  instruction  in  silk  culture.  This  covers  only  the 
work  done  by  the  Philadelphia  Branch.  This  Association  is  pre- 
paring for  au  exhaustive  exhibit  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposi- 
tion, at  Chicago.  The  officers  of  the  Association  are  :  Mrs.  John 
Lucas,  President ;  Mrs.  H.  P.  Taylor,  Treasurer  ;  Mrs.  John  Yard, 
Secretary. 


21S 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHIL  A  DELPHI A  NS. 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


CHARLES  M.   BETTS  &  CO. 

The  firm  of  Charles  M.  Betts  &  Co.,  wholesale  dealers  in  lum- 
ber, cany  on  a  large  and  profitable  business  at  Pier  48,  North 
Wharves,  foot  of  Shackamaxon  street,  with  a  distributing  yard  and 
dock  at  the  Ohio  Basin  Slip,  Buffalo,  and  a  branch  office  at  2S7  Elk 
street,  Buffalo.  The  firm  as  at  present  constituted  is  composed  of 
Charles  M.  Betts,  his  son,  Benjamin  Franklin  Betts,  and  his  nephew, 
C.  Walter  Betts.  The  business  is  a  very  extensive  one,  and  the 
principal  lumber  dealt  in  is  white  pine,  lumber  flooring,  spruce, 
cypress  lumber  and  shingles.  Messrs.  Betts  have  large  dealings 
with  builders  all  over  Pennsylvania,  New  Jersey  and  Delaware. 
Thev  also  have  considerable  business  in  New  York  State,  which  is 
worked  from  the  office  in  Buffalo. 

Mr.  Charles  M.  Betts,  who  is  the  head  and  front  of  the  busi- 
ness, was  born  in  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  in  1S3S.  He  received  a  com- 
mon school  education  and  came  to  Philadelphia  when  quite  young 
to  fill  the  position  of  clerk  to  Malone  &  Taylor,  lumber  merchants. 
When  the  war  broke  out  young  Betts,  fired  with  the  spirit  of  patri- 
otism, determined  to  join  the  army  and  fight  for  his  country.  He 
entered  the  service  as  a  private  in  the  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  and 
after  fighting  gallantly  and  distinguishing  himself  all  through  that 
terrible  struggle,  he  was  honorably  discharged  with  the  rank  of 
Lieutenant-Colonel.  The  war  being  over,  Mr.  Betts  returned  to  the 
peaceful  avocation  of  selling  lumber.  He  rejoined  his  old  firm  and 
in  a  few  years  he  joined  his  master,  Mr.  William  H.  Taylor,  and 
started  the  firm  of  Taylor  &  Betts.  Business  continued  to  increase 
and  prosper  until  [S90,  when  Mr.  Taylor  retired  and  the  firm  of 
Charles  M.  Betts  &  Co.  was  formed  by  Mr.  Betts  taking  in  his  sou 
ami  nephew.  Mr.  Betts  was  married  in  IS66  by  Morton  McMichael, 
1st,  who  was  then  Mayor.  He  is  one  of  Philadelphia's  most  re- 
spected citizens,  and  he  is  foremost  in  any  undertaking  that  will 
benefit  and  improve  the  city.  For  many  years  he  has  been  identi- 
fied with  the  Lumber  Exchange,  having  been  a  member  since  its 
organization  and  the  president  for  the  years  1890-91.  He  is  also 
one  of  the  most  active  promoters  and  advocates  for  a  Philadel- 
phia Bourse.  Mr.  Betts  has  never  sought  any  political  fame,  but 
he  has  ofteu  been  proposed  for  various  offices  in  the  city  govern- 
ment of  trust  and  importance,  which  he  has  always  refused,  pre- 
ferring to  give  his  sole  attention  to  the  business  which  he  created 
and  has  built  up,  and  of  which   he   has   reason  to  be  justly  proud. 


HENRY   C.   PATTERSON   &   CO. 

The  wholesale  lumber  firm  of  Henry  C.  Patterson  &  Co.,  at 
Poplar  street  wharves,  was  established  in  1S62  under  the  firm  name 
of  Patterson  &  Lippincott,  at  the  same  location  where  thev  now 
carry  on  the  business.  In  1S72  Mr.  Andrew  Miller  and  Mr.  Edwin 
H.  Coane  entered  the  firm,  the  former  having  been  connected  with 
the  business  since  1S64,  and  the  latter  since  1867.  In  1S74  the 
firm  of  Patterson  &  Lippincott  was  dissolved  and  the  business 
continued  by  Messrs.  Patterson,  Miller  and  Coane,  under  the 
style  of  Henry  C.  Patterson  &  Co.,  and  successfully  conducted 
by  those  gentlemen  ever  since.  In  1SS5  Mr.  Henrv  C.  Patterson 
retired  from  active  interest  in  the  business  and  left  it  to  the 
remaining  partners.  The  firm  does  an  extensive  business  in  yel- 
low pine,  white  pine,  cypress  lumber,  shingles,  &c,  drawing  their 
supplies  from  all  sections  of  the  country  and  selling  both  as  whole- 
sale dealers  and  commission  merchants,  in  all  parts  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, New  Jersey  and  Delaware.  The  offices  are  well  situated, 
right  on  the  Delaware  river  front,  and  the  facilities  for  shipment 
are  therefore  very  great.     The  offices  are  also  in  close  proximity  to 


the  Pennsylvania,  Baltimore  &  Ohio,  and  Philadelphia  &  Reading 
tracks,  thereby  insuring  an  easy  receipt  and  speedy  delivery  of  all 
the  goods  handled  by  the  firm. 

Mr.  Henry  C.  Patterson  was  born  in  New  Jersev  in  1S25,  and 
came  to  Philadelphia  to  reside  in  1S61.  He  started  in  the  lumber 
business  the  following  year  and  by  his  integrity,  industrv  and 
business  tact  has  earned  for  himself  a  snug  fortune  and  a  good  name 
as  a  business  man  and  a  citizen.  He  was  one  of  the  original  incor- 
porators of  the  Lumbermen's  Insurance  Company  of  Philadelphia 
and  is  at  present  one  of  the  directorsof  that  association. 

Mr.  Andrew  Miller  is  also  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  having  been 
born  in  that  State  in  1S43.  He  came  to  Philadelphia  in  1862, 
and  in  1S64  he  become  a  clerk  in  above  mentioned  lumber  firm,  and 
by  his  own  individual  exertions  and  devotion  to  business  was  pro- 
moted to  be  a  partner,  and  the  present  high  standing  of  Henry  C. 
Patterson  &  Co.  is  in  a  measure  due  to  his  energy  and  ability. 

Mr.  Edwin  H.  Coane  was  born  in  Philadelphia  in  1842.  '  He  is 
a  graduate  of  the  Central  High  School  of  this  city,  and  with  the 
exception  of  a  few  years,  has  been  associated  with  the  lumber  inter- 
ests all  his  business  life.  To  his  management  of  the  finances  and 
carefully  looking  after  the  outside  business  as  his  special  depart- 
ment, the  good  reputation  the  firm  enjoy  is  largely  due.  Mr.  Coane 
was  one  of  the  original  incorporators  of  the  Lumbermen's  Exchange 
and  has  been  treasurer  and  one  of  the  directors  of  that  institution 
since  1SS6.  All  the  members  of  the  firm  are  strongly  in  favor  of  the 
establishment  of  the  new  Philadelphia  Bourse,  and  thev  are  foremost 
in  all  movements  for  the  advancement  of  the  interests  of  the  city 
in  which  they  have  lived  and  prospered  for  a  quarter  of  a  centurv. 


BALTIMORE  &  PHILADELPHIA  STEAMBOAT  COMPANY 

The  line  was  started  about  1S36,  the  first  steamer  being  the 
"  Ericsson,  "  owned  by  Peck  and  Lore  ;  the  steamer  "  Baltimore  " 
was  subsequently  added  to  the  line  by  Anthony  Groves,  Jr.,  and 
William  L.  Ashmead,  Anthony  Groves,  Jr.,  assuming  charge  in 
Philadelphia  in  1S40,  as  agent  and  part  owner.  Samuel  M.  Shoe- 
maker, late  Vice-President  Adams  Express  Co.,  being  the  first 
agent  in  Baltimore,  he  was  succeeded  by  E.  G.  Harris,  who  was 
followed  by  John  S.  Shriver,  as  President.  The  line  took  the  name 
"  Ericsson  "  from  Captain  John  Ericsson,  inventor  of  the  Screw 
Propeller,  this  line  being  the  first  to  practically  adopt  the  wheel. 
The  Company  was  chartered  in  1844  by  the  State  of  Marvland. 
General  George  Cadwaladcr,  of  Philadelphia,  succeeded  to  Presi- 
dency at  the  death  of  Mr.  Shriver.  At  the  death  of  General 
Cadwaladcr,  J.  Alexander  Shriver  was  elected  President ;  he  died 
March,  1S91,  and  was  succeeded  by  Hon.  John  Cadwalader  who 
is  now  President  (nephew  of  the  late  General  George  Cadwalader). 
From  this  line  sprung  the  New  York  and  Baltimore  Transportation 
Company,  which  has  the  same  officers  and  owners ;  the  Ericsson 
Line  owns  now  five  iron  steamers,  for  freight  and  passengers,  plying 
daily  between  Philadelphia  and  Baltimore  via  Chesapeake  and 
Delaware  Canal  ;  the  New  York  and  Baltimore  Company  owns 
eight  iron  steamers,  plying  daily  between  Baltimore  and  New 
York,  via  Chesapeake  and  Delaware  Canal  and  Delaware  and  Rari- 
tan  Canal.  These  lines  have  played  a  very  important  part  in 
developing  the  commerce,  in  ports  of  Baltimore,  Philadelphia  and 
New  York  ;  they  established  the  utility  of  the  Screw  Propeller 
Wheel  which  has  become  a  great  factor  in  the  world's  commerce. 
These  companies  had  thirteen  steamers  employed  by  the  L'nited 
States  Government  in  the  late  Civil  War,  and  rendered  valuable 
service  transporting  troops,  provisions,  stores,  etc.  Anthony  Groves, 
Jr.,  who  is  still  agent  at  Philadelphia,  and  part  owner  and  director  in 
both  companies,  had  entire  charge  and  chartered  all  these  steamers 
to  the  LTnited  States  Government  during  the  war,  rendering  to  the 
Government  as  well  as  his  own  companies  valuable  service.  For 
many  years  this  line  was  the  only  outlet  south  of  Philadelphia,  for 
commerce,  and  still  does  a  large  and  profitable  business  in  freight 
and  passengers,  all  due  to  the  able  and  economical  management  of 
the  Company  by  its  offieers  and  consequent  popularity  with  its 
patrons.  The  regularity  of  time  of  its  steamers  is  proverbial,  and 
during  its  long  existence  has  never  caused  a  dollar's  loss  to  its 
customers,  being  noted  for  the  great  care  exercised  in  handling  the 
large  and  varied  traffic,  coming  into  its  possession. 

The  majority  of  its  stock  is  owned  by  Philadelphians,  and  like 
most  all  Philadelphia  institutions  of  long  standing  is  conservative 
in  its  management  and  sound  in  its  finances.  The  officers  and 
Board  of  Directorsare  as  follows  :  President,  Hon.  John  Cadwalader ; 
Vice-President,  Robert  M.  Lewis  ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Henry 
L.  Gaw ;  Directors,  A.  Groves,  Jr.,  Philadelphia  ;  Jas.  S.  Bringle, 
Philadelphia;  Walter  Shriver,  New  York.  A.  Groves,  Jr.,  agent, 
Philadelphia  ;  Fred  Shriver,  agent,  Baltimore. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


REAL  ESTATE,  ARCHITECTS,  Etc. 


John  F.  Betz  Office  Building 


JOHN  F.  BETZ 
OFFICE  BUILDING 

The  John  F.  Betz  Office  Building, 
now  in  course  of  erection  at  the  south- 
east corner  of  Penn  Square  and  Broad 
street,  is  to  be  thirteen  stories  in 
height — one  hundred  and  niuetv-four 
feet  from  basement  to  top  of  cornice. 

It  is  to  be  built  of  Eastern  granite 
and  Green  River  limestone.  It  will 
be  fire-proof  throughout,  no  woodwork 
being  used  in  the  construction  of  any 
part  of  the  structure.  The  style  of 
architecture  is  modern  romanesque, 
elaborately  ornamented.  At  the  corner 
above  the  first  story  will  be  placed  a 
cast  bronze  group  of  figures  signaliz- 
ing Columbia  encouraging  the  Arts 
and  Trades. 

Above  the  second  story  and  ex- 
tending around  on  both  street  fronts, 
cast  bronze  heads  of  all  the  Presidents 
of  the  United  States,  beginning  with 
George  Washington  and  ending  with 
Renjamin  Harrison. 

On  a  line  with  the  eighth  floor  is 
to  be  placed  a  cast  bronze  statue  of 
William  Penn,  mounted  on  the  corner 
column. 

In  appropriate  location  are  to  be 
carved  heads  representing  different 
nationalities. 

There  will  be  three  hundred  and 
four  offices  in  the  building.  Five 
high  speed  elevators  will  be  located  in 
the  centre  of  the  building  adjoining 
the  main  corridor.  The  entire  build- 
ing will  be  heated  by  steam  and  lighted 
by  electricity  and  gas.  One  million 
five  hundred  thousand  dollars) Ji, 500,- 
000)  is  the  estimated  cost  of  the  build- 
ing, without  the  ground.  Mr.  .Allen 
B.  Rorke  is  the  contractor— Mr.  W.  H. 
Decker  is  the  architect. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


REAL  ESTATE,  ARCHITECTS,  BUILDERS  AND  CONTRACTORS. 


THE 
lia 


J3K:-:-~  3 


development  of  real  estate  in  Philadelphia  is  pecu- 
ar  because  it  is  horizontal  instead  of  perpendicular 
as  in  other  cities,  where  space  is  not  to  be  had  in 
the  same  profusion  as  here.  A  tourist  may  come 
from  New  York  or  Boston  or  Chicago  with  the  dizziness 
caused  by  contemplation  of  altitude  in  its  grandest  exposition  and 
he  will  say  Philadelphia  is  flat  and  behind  the  times.  He  arrives  at 
this  conclusion  because  here  he  can  see  only  a  few  specimens  of  the  fifteen 
or  twelve-story  monuments  which  decorate  the  places  he  has  just  left;  and  he 
will  possibly  continue  in  possession  of  his  belief  until  he  has  had  time  to  gauge 
the  extent  of  Philadelphia,  and  then  he  will  admit  that  he  has  been  wrong.  We 
have  so  much  space  here  that  we  spread  and  expand  instead  of  climbing  and  contract- 
No  doubt  many  of  the  readers  of  this  volume  can  remember  when  the  public 
squares  at  Broad  and  Market  streets  were  a  Sunday  afternoon's  promenade  from  the 
city  proper  ;  others  can  readily  recall  when  that  portion  of  old  Fairmount  at  the  Water- 
works was  sufficiently  out  of  town  to  be  in  the  suburbs  ;  others,  again,  that  time  when 
Broad  street,  south  of  the  Baltimore  Depot  (as  it  was  then  known),  was  a  stretch  of  open 
fields,  and  in  the  opposite  direction,  when  Columbia  avenue  marked  the  limit  of  extreme 
civilization.  It  is  also  within  easy  memorj'  when  the  district  west  of  the  Schuylkill  was  a 
plain,  everyday  piece  of  farm  land,  and  the  Darby  horse  railway  was  looked  on  as  a  wild  venture 
of  wild  men  ;  when  to  go  to  Germantown  was  to  go  abroad  almost  as  far  as  city  connections  went, 
and  when  Gray's  Ferry  was  a  dangerous  because  lonely  place  after  dark  ;  when  convivial  indi- 
viduals drove  out  of  town  to  meet  at  the  Punch  Bowl  or  took  an  afternoon  off  to  make  a  lengthv 
trip  to  Suffolk  Park.  Kensington  was  known  to  exist  by  those  who  lived  there  ;  once  in  a  while 
a  hayseed  would  drift  into  the  city  from  Frankford  or  Manayunk  ;  or  a  stray  inhabitant  of  Chest- 
nut Hill  would  save  a  week's  wages  to  go  into  town  on  a  tour,  which  would  furnish  gossip  for 
for  him  for  a  year  to  come.  But  all  this  is  of  the  past.  The  marble  pile  at  Broad  street  is  hardlv 
in  the  centre  of  the  southwestern  part  of  the  city  ;  old  Fairmount  is  chiefly  notable  because  of  the 
number  of  good  building  lots  it  covers  in  the  heart  of  the  town  :  for  miles  down  and  up  Broad 
street  there  are  row  after  row  of  massive  or  ornate  buildings  ;  over  the  Schuylkill  it  is  difficult  to  find  a  good  vacant  place 
to  build.  The  Punch  Bowl  is  swallowed  up  ;  Suffolk  is  obliterated  under  blocks  of  well-built  houses  ;  Kensington  is  in  the 
city  as  much  as  Southwark  ;  you  can  go  to  Germantown,  Frankford  or  Chestnut  Hill  over  well-paved  streets  solidly  built 
up,  and  then  hardly  have  more  than  a  faint  idea  of  Philadelphia's  advance  in  real  estate  improvement.  Thousands  of  houses 
erected  every  year,  thousands  of  new  property-owners  added  to  the  records,  thousands  of  new  citizens  given  a  positivelv 
personal  interest  in  the  city's  welfare,  is  the  history  of  landed  interests  here.  In  the  future,  when  some  archaeologist  seeks 
a  distinctive  feature  of  Philadelphia,  he  will  write  it  as  the  city  of  homes,  and  in  so  doing  will  designate  by  the  grandest 
title  possible.  A  city  of  homes,  a  city  where  each  is  interested  in  his  fellow's  welfare,  because  that  welfare  is  his  own  ;  a 
city  bare  of  tenements  and  their  disgraces,  and  full  of  the  independence  and  enterprise  accruing  to  individual  advancement, 
an  onlv  American  city,  because  within  it  there  is  the  liberty  of  ownership  and  the  franchise  of  vested  rights.  It  is  in  the 
great  distribution  of  this  ownership  among  what  are  technically  known  as  people  of  moderate  or  limited  means  that  one  of 
the  most  marked  of  Philadelphia's  peculiar  features  is  to  be  found.  It  was  here  the  building  association  in  its  perfect  form  was 
developed,  and  with  it  a  gigantic  stride  in  local  advancement  was  made.  The  chief  reason  why  this  city  is  so  comparatively 
free  from  labor  agitation,  anarchism  and  riotous  demagogues  is  to  be  found  in  the  fact  that  the  great  majority  of  working 
people  are  owners  of  real  estate.  They  have  no  time  for  agitation,  no  inclination  to  destroy,  no  ear  for  fallacies.  They  may 
not  be  well  read  in  political  economy,  but  they  are  familiar  with  the  reading  of  the  parchment  which  describes  all  that  certain 
lot  of  ground,  containing  a  specified  number  of  feet,  situate  so  and  so,  together  with  the  messuage  or  tenement  thereon 
erected,  to  have  and  to  hold.  They  may  pay  little  attention  to  the  panics  in  Europe  or  the  dissolution  of  the  Reichstag,  but 
they  are  well  up  on  the  merits  of  sewerage,  taxes  and  pubiic  expenditures.  So  by  force  of  circumstance  they  are  steadv  and 
observant  ;  by  hold  of  title  papers  they  are  compelled  to  hold  themselves  well  placed  in  the  ranks.  The  house  ownership 
feature  is  so  prominent  and  so  general  in  our  people  now  that  it  is  to  this  class  of  trade  the  builders  principallv  cater,  and 
season  after  season  there  are  rows  and  rows  of  new  dwellings  erected,  and  yet  the  demand  never  seems  to  be  fully  met.  The 
city  grows  and  grows  in  this  way,  and  yet  the  general  improvement  in  other  real  estate  specialties  is  not  neglected  nor 
hindered.  In  the  business  sections  the  massive  specimens  of  the  builders'  art  are  well  in  accord  with  the  progress  of  the 
times  ;  utility  combines  with  beauty  of  outline,  and  grandeur  marks  itself  where  mere  solidity  might  be  best  expected.  Thus 
we  have  the  variety  which  maintains  the  municipality  at  a  standard  equal  to  other  modern  cities  as  a  whole  :  but  for  whatever 
distinction  we  seek  in  the  real  estate  world  we  must  find  in  our  wealth  of  homes  a  position  in  which  we  stand  incomparable. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


REAL  ESTATE,  ARCHITECTS,  Ere. 


GEORGE  W.  HANCOCK 

Formerly  City  Surveyor,  and  first  president  of  the  Real  Estate 
Exchange,  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  March,  1 83 7 .  Having  taken 
a  course  of  engineering  in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  he  was 
given  a  position  while  still  a  lad  in  the  office  of  the  City  Surveyor, 
which  he  held  for  seventeen  years  and  until  Mr.  Samuel  L.  Smcdley 
was  promoted  to  be  Chief  Engineer  and  Surveyor,  when  Mr.  Han- 
cock was  unanimously  elected  to  take  the  place  vacated  by  him. 
His  official  incumbency  covered  the  period  of  the  Centennial  Expo- 
sition and  he  had  charge  of  all  the  grading  and  paving  of  the 
streets  and  the  engineering  of  the  passenger  railway  lines  leading 
to  the  Centennial  grounds.  His  professional  labors  during  this 
period  were  so  arduous  and  exhausting  that  his  health  became  im- 
paired and  in  1S79  he  retired  from  all  active  duty  as  engineer  and 
survevor  and  devoted  himself  to  real  estate  operations,  in  which  his 
judgment  is  remarkably  accurate. 

When  the  real  estate  operators  formed  an  exchange  they  selec- 
ted Mr.  Hancock  as  their  first  president.  As  an  evidence  of  the 
confidence  reposed  in  him,  we  may  state  that  he  has  had  charge  of 
as  manv  as  1300  houses  at  a  time,  including  the  real  estate  of  the 
Girard  Trust,  and  among  the  positions  of  trust  and  honor  held  by 
him  wc  mav  mention  that  he  has  been  treasurer  of  the  West  Phila- 
delphia Institute  and  of  the  Mantua  Market  Company,  secretary 
and  manager  of  the  Svvarthmore  College,  president  of  the  Home 
Purchasing  Companv,  president  for  many  years  of  the  Mantua 
Building  Association,  president  of  the  Rutledge  Mutual  Improve- 
ment Companv,  president  of  the  Twenty-fourth  Ward  Republican 
Executive  Committee,  manager  of  the  Home  for  Aged  and  Infirm 
Colored  Persons,  and  an  active  member  of  the  Commonwealth 
Title  and  Trust  Company,  which  he  aided  to  establish.  Mr.  Han- 
cock has  a  splendid  physique  and  in  manner  he  is  pleasant,  affable 
and  agreeable. 


CHARLES  B.  TRUITT.  Jr. 

No  form  of  investment  lias  become  so  popular  with  the  con- 
servative public  as  judiciously  selected  real  estate,  for  not  only  is 
a  permanent  source  of  income  assured,  but  there  is  reasonable  cer- 
taintv  of  prospective  increase  in  value.  Much  depends  on  the  choice 
of  eligibly  situated  and  strictly  first-class  improved  property,  and 
there  is  no  better  safeguard  than  to  secure  the  services  of  the  sound 
judgment  and  practical  experience  of  one  of  our  most  responsible 
real  estate  agents.  Mr.  Truitt,  Jr..  lias  attained  a  degree  of  pros- 
perity and  secured  a  hold  on  public  favor  and  confidence  that  amply 
Droves  him  to  be  a  gentleman  possessing  more  than  ordinary  ability 
in  the  real  estate  business  and  conducts  a  general  real  estate 
and  brokerage  business,  buying  and  leasingcity  and  suburban  prop- 
ertv  of  every  description,  both  improved  and  unimproved,  and 
gives  personal  attention  to  the  collection  of  rents. 

Mortgages  arc  negotiated  also,  and  loans  procured  at  lowest 
rates  of  interest;  investments  likewise  being  admirably  placed, 
and  all  persons  having  business  relations  with  him.  will  find 
it  both  pleasant  and  profitable.  Charles  15.  Truitt.  Jr..  is  a  true 
born  Philadelphiau,  he  has  a  thorough  academical  education  aud 
has  been  activelv  engaged  in  the  real  estate  business  since  Feb- 
ruary. iSSl,  which  he  has  not  only  successfully  conducted,  but  has 
also  engaged  in  building  operations  on  his  own  account,  and  is 
now  building  sixty-four  two-story  houses,  at  Twenty-eighth  and 
Clearfield  streets. 

His  offices  are  centrally  located  at  No.  502  Walnut  street,  con- 
sisting of  two  rooms,  well  furnished  and  well  provided  with  maps 
anil  charts  of  city  and  suburban  properties. 


F.  H.  McCANN 

The  immense  growth  of  the  city  towards  the  west,  both  in 
point  of  population  aud  number  of  residences  during  the  past 
decade,  has  greatly  boomed  the  real  estate  business,  and  the  success- 
ful men  in  this  line  arc  those,  who  are  fully  familiar  with  all 
the  many  details  of  the  work  on  hand.  F.  H.  McCann  having 
spent  most  of  his  career  in  this  line  ami  in  West  Philadelphia,  is 
thoroughly  conversant  with  the  good  points  of  real  estate  in  this 
section  both  as  regards  purchase  for  dwelling  or  investment.  Mr. 
McCann  first  entered  conveyancing  in  1S60.  In  1S64  he  opened  an 
office  at  No.  609  North  Thirty-ninth  street,  business  prospered,  and 
through  careful  and  conservative  investments,  a  large  and  lucra- 
tive following  was  acquired.  Three  vears  ago  it  became  neccssarv 
to  find  an  office  more  ccntrallv  located,  and  after  due  consideration 
the  building  where  he  is  now  situated  was  chosen.  3S11  Lancaster 


avenue,  this  being  almost  in  the  centre  of  a  fast  growing  district. 
The  business  conducted  is  the  same  as  that  being  done  by  all  firms 
in  the  line — purchasing  and  selling  houses,  lands,  negotiating 
mortgages,  rents  and  other  collecting,  conveyancing,  fire  insurance, 
and  in  fact  everything  that  pertains  to  this  line. 

Mr.  McCann  is  what  well  may  be  called  a  popular  Philadel- 
phiau; he  was  born  in  the  old  district  of  Southwark,  in  December, 
1835.  He  is  the  son  of  Francis  McCann,  a  builder  and  con- 
tractor of  prominence.  His  early  education  was  received  at  the 
best  schools  aud  academies,  and  his  business  career  has  been  one  of 
success  since  he  first  entered  the  world  of  push  and  hustle  for  num- 
ber one.  Through  all  his  transactions  he  has  maintained  a  reputa- 
tion for  integrity,  honesty,  sound  common  sense,  and  all  the  attri- 
butes that  go  to  make  a  man  prominent  in  financial  circles. 


COPE  &  STEWARDSON 

This  firm  has  been  in  existence  since  July,  1SS5.  Mr.  John 
Stewanlson  is  a  native  of  Philadelphia,  and  was  educated  at  Har- 
vard University.  He  began  the  study  of  architecture  in  the  Atalicr 
I'ascall,  in  Paris,  being  admitted  to  the  Ecole  Ties  Beaux  Arts  in  the 
autumn  of  1S80.  At  the  end  of  1SS2  he  entered  the  office  of  Mr. 
T.  P.  Chandler,  Jr. ,  of  this  city.  He  was  afterwards  with  Messrs. 
Furness  &  Evans  for  more  than  a  year,  and  eight  months  with  three 
well  known  Chicago  architects. 

Mr.  Cope  is  a  native  of  Philadelphia  and  was  educated  in  this 
city,  commencing  the  study  of  architecture  in  1880.  He  was  a 
draughtsman  with  Mr.  Hutton  and  afterwards  with  Mr.  Chandler, 
and  attended  the  school  of  the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  Fine  Arts. 
He  afterwards  spent  about  two  years  abroad  in  travel  and  study, 
returning  in  1885,  when  he  associated  himself  with  Mr.  Stewardson. 

Mr.  Etnlyn  L.  Stewardson.  a  brother  of  the  first  named  part- 
ner, graduated  at  the  L'niversity  of  Pennsylvania  as  a  civil  engi- 
neer. He  was  for  some  time  with  a  well  known  concern  in  the 
manufacture  of  structural  iron  work.  He  has  general  charge  of 
contracts  and  superintendence  aud  is  the  consulting  engineer  of  the 
linn. 

Mr.  Cope  and  Mr.  John  Stewardson  are  members  of  the  Sketch 
Club,  the  T-Square  Club,  the  American  Institute  of  Architects,  aud 
a  number  of  other  organizations. 

Among  the  buildings  which  have  been  designed  by  this  linn 
may  be  mentioned  the  V.  M.  C.  A.  Building,  Richmond.  Va.,  Nos. 
1303  ami  1307  Arch  street.  No.  1305  Walnut  street,  warehouse  cor- 
ner Lifth  and  Adelnhia  streets,  Pcnn  Charter  School.  First  National 
Bank,  Huntingdon.  Pa.,  hall  for  U.  S.  Grant  Post.  No.  5,  &c.  I  hey 
have  also  erected  one  or  more  buildings  for  the  following  institu- 
tions Bryn  Mawr  College,  Haverford  College.  Children's  Hospital, 
Gerinantown  Hospital,  Gynecean  Hospital  and  the  House  of  Ref- 
uge. This  last  comprises  a  number  of  buildings  at  Glen  Mills, 
Delaware  countv,  and  when  completed  will  be  the  largest  reform 
school  in  the  world. 

Before  starting  this  work  Mr.  Cope  made  a  personal  study  of 
the  most  important  institutions  of  the  kind  in  Europe  and  this 
country. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  the  firm  has  done  a  number  of  houses 
and  other  buildings  in  the  neighborhood  of  Philadelphia,  as  well 
as  in  New  Jersev,  Delaware,  Maryland,  Massachusetts  and  Vir- 
ginia. 


BAKER  &    DALLETT 

Among  the  architects  who  have  acquired  a  wide  reputation  for 
their  great  skill  and  artistic  conception  arc  Messrs.  Baker  &  Dallett. 
Both  gentlemen  in  1880  were  draughtsmen  in  the  office  of  the  well 
known  architects,  Furness  &  Evans,  wdiose  offices  were  then  located 
at  209  South  Third  street,  in  this  city.  After  serving  the  linn  for 
some  time,  their  marked  ability  as  draughtsmen  wou  for  them  the 
highest  esteem  from  their  employers,  who  offered  them  an  interest 
in  the  business,  which  they  accepted,  and  the  new  linn  ot  Furness, 
Evans  &  Co.  was  then  established,  and  for  about  three  years  there- 
after did  a  verv  prosperous  business. 

In  December,  1S88.  the  firm  of  Baker  &  Dallett  came  into  ex- 
istence, and  their  well  known  professional  abilities  brought  them 
into  great  prominence  amongst  the  leading  capitalists  and  business 
men  of  the  city,  as  will  lie  seen  from  the  following  buildings,  the 
plans,  specifications  and  general  supervision  of  which  were  done 
bv  the  firm  : 

Residence  of  F.  L.  Gilpin,  Esq.,  Wilmington,  Del.:  the  Home 
for  Friendless  and  Destitute  Children,  Wilmington.  Del.;  the  Cen- 
tral National  Bank,  Wilmington,  Del.;   the  Philadelphia  Polyclinic 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


REAL  ESTATE,  ARCHITECTS,  Etc. 


College  for  Graduates  in  Medicine,  the  Manayunk  Trust  Company, 
Philadelphia;  large  factory  of  the  Wilmington  Dental  Company, 
cold  storage  warehouse  for  A.  A.  Jarrett  &  Co.,  Philadelphia  ;  par- 
sonage of  Grace  Episcopal  Church,  Wilmington  ;  large  machine 
shop  for  Thomas  H.  Dallett  &  Co.,  Philadelphia;  bank  building, 
American  Trust,  Loan  and  Guarantee  Investment  Company,  corner 
Broad  and  Ridge  avenue,  Philadelphia ;  residence  of  C.  P.  With- 
erow,  Altoona ;  residence  and  stables  of  George  D.  Fowlk,  Brad- 
ford Hills,  Chester  county  ;  St.  Andrew's  Church,  Wilmington,  Del.; 
large  stables  for  F.  Morton  Fox,  C.  T.  Fox  and  Edwin  N.  Benson, 
Philadelphia  ;  the  Delaware  State  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  country 
residence  for  Samuel  N.  Trump,  Silver  Side  station. 

Mr.  Baker  graduated  from  Princeton  University  and  Mr.  Dal- 
lett at  Polytechnic  School,  Worcester,  Mass.  Both  gentlemen  are 
highly  respected  amongst  our  best  citizens  and  enjoy  the  full  con- 
fidence of  those  with  whom  they  have  business  transactions. 


WILL.  H.  DECKER 


Prominent  among  the  leading  architects  of  this  city  is  Mr.  Will. 
H.  Decker,  whose  office  is  located  at  No.  1407^  Chestnut  street. 
Mr.  Decker  was  born  at  Covington,  Ky.,  of  German  parentage  and 
was  educated  at  the  public  schools  at  Evansville,  Ind.  After  finish- 
ing his  education  and  while  at  school  he  developed  an  aptitude  for 
drawing,  designing  and  constructing  and  desired  to  study  architec- 
ture. He  became  acquainted  with  Mr.  Joseph  Curzon,  a  well  known 
architect  of  Indianapolis,  who  gave  him  apositionin  his  office,  with 
whom  he  stayed  untd  1876,  when  Mr.  Decker  visited  the  city  of  Phil- 
adelphia and  was  so  delighted  with  the  surroundings  that  he  resolved 
to  make  it  his  home.  Full  of  ambition,  push  and  energy,  he  accepted 
a  position  as  draughtsman  with  Messrs.  Hass  &  Parsons,  millwrights 
and  machinists  of  this  city,  making  plans  for  machinery  for  brew- 
eries, malt-houses,  etc.,  and  after  completing  his  services  with  that 
firm  in  1879  he  opened  an  office,  desiring  to  follow  his  profession 
as  an  architect,  since  which  he  has  shown  great  skill  and  ability  in 
designing  and  constructing  many  prominent  buildings  in  the  city. 
Mr.  Decker  makes  it  a  rule  to  give  his  personal  attention  to  all  the 
details  in  His  profession,  by  which  he  attributes  his  success  in  build- 
ing up  a  lucrative  and  increasing  business  of  which  he  feels  justly 
proud.  He  has  already  in  course  of  construction,  office  building, 
fourteen  stories,  for  John  Betz,  to  cost  Ji, 500, 000;  residence  and 
stable  for  Mr.  Chas.  E.  Ellis,  to  cost  555, 000  ;  warehouse,  four  stories, 
for  Chas.  Shaw  &  Son,  to  cost  512,000 ;  West  End  Electric  Light 
Building,  to  cost  So0'000;  conservatory  at  Betzwood,  Pa.,  for 
John  F.  Betz,  to  cost  520,000  :  factory  building,  six  stories,  for 
Messrs.  Schutt  &  Co.,  to  cost  576, oou  ;  school  building  for  the 
Hebrew  Education  Society,  to  cost  $34,000;  Factory  Building,  six 
stories,  forjosiah  R.  Jones,  to  cost  560.000  ;  alterations  to  residence, 
1807  Arch  street,  for  A.  E.  Ford,  to  cost  57o°o  \  addition  to  res- 
taurant of  Messrs.  Boothby  &  Kugler,  to  cost  510,000;  and  stores 
and  dwellings  for  John  C.  Schmidt,  to  cost  58,500. 


EDWIN  F.  DURANG 

Among  those  who  have  made  a  successful  study  of  architecture 
is  Mr.  Edwin  F.  Durang,  whose  offices  and  drawing  rooms  are  lo- 
cated at  No.  1200  Chestnut  street.  Mr.  Durang  has  zealouslv 
devoted  himself  to  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Philadelphia 
for  the  last  twenty-two  years,  and  brings  a  wide  range  of  experi- 
ence to  bear,  coupled  with  an  intimate  knowledge  of  the  wants  of 
the  public.  He  has  executed  some  of  the  most  important  archi- 
tectural commissions  in  the  city  and  its  vicinity,  designing  and 
superintending  the  construction  of  many  prominent  buildings. 

Mr.  Durang  has  made  a  specialty  of  ecclesiastical  architecture 
and  has  built  some  of  the  finest  churches  in  the  country,  and  de- 
voted himself  to  his  profession  with  a  conscientious  regard  for  the 
excellence  and  perfection  of  every  detail,  however  minute.  He  is 
fully  prepared  with  all  necessary  facilities  to  execute  or  carry  out 
any  architectural  undertaking,  not  only  promptly,  but  with  that 
intelligent  apprehension  of  design  which  makes  his  efforts  so 
highly  appreciated  by  his  patrons.  Mr.  Durang  is  a  native  of  New 
York  and  is  greatly  respected  by  the  community,  and  justly  merits 
the  success  achieved  by  his  ability  and  energy. 

Partial  list  of  city  buildings:  German  Hospital,  Girard  avenue 
and  Corinthian  street ;  St.  Agnes  Hospital,  Broad  and  Mifflin  streets  ; 
Maternity  Hospital,  Woodland  avenue  and  Seventieth  street;  St. 
Joseph's  Hospital,  additions.  Girard  avenue;  St.  Mary's  Hospital, 
additions.  Palmer  street;  Little  Sisters  of  the  Poor,  Eighteenth  and 
Jefferson  streets  ;  Girls'  Orphan  Home,  Race  and  Eighteenth  streets  ; 
the  grand  Church  of  St.  James,  Thirty-eighth  and  Chestnutstreets  ; 
St.  Charles  Borromeo,  Twentieth  and  Christian  streets. 


HAZLEHURST  &  HUCKEL 

The  modern  practical  school  of  architecture,  as  directlv  adapted 
with  numerous  modifications  to  suit  the  wants  of  the  American 
public,  is  well  exemplified  in  the  professional  career  of  Messrs. 
Hazlehurst  &  Huckel,  No.  410  Walnut  street.  Their  business  was 
first  established  at  917  Walnut  street  in  the  year  1879.  Both  gentle- 
men are  highly  connected  and  belong  to  old  Pennsylvania  families. 
Mr.  Hazlehurst  received  his  education  at  the  Pennsylvania  Uni- 
versity, and  was  a  student  under  the  able  and  well-known  architects 
Theophilus  P.  Chandler  and  Frank  Furness. 

Mr.  Samuel  Huckel,  Jr.,  was  born  in  Philadelphia  in  1S5S,  and 
graduated  at  the  Philadelphia  High  School ;  he  entered  the  office  of 
Professor  Kearn,  and  in  1876  placed  himself  under  the  preceptorship 
of  Benjamin  D.  Price,  architect,  who  at  that  time  was  a  well-known 
figure  in  the  profession.  After  a  three  years'  course  of  thorough 
study  under  the  latter  gentleman,  he  associated  himself  with  Edward 
Hazlehurst,  forming  the  present  firm. 

The  firm  has  acquired  a  high  reputation  for  the  beautv  and 
reliability  of  its  plans,  and  has  successfully  executed  some  of  the 
most  important  undertakings  in  this  city  and  vicinity.  The  following 
are  among  the  numerous  buildings  erected  from  the  designs  and 
under  the  supervision  of  this  firm,  viz: 

The  Church  of  the  Atonement,  Philadelphia ;  Gloucester 
Countv  Court  House,  Woodbury,  N.  J.  [*ioo,ooo]  ;  "Battery 
Park"  Hotel,  Asheville,  North  Carolina,  for  Western  North  Carolina 
Railroad  [5ioo.ooo]  ;  Bristol  Hotel,  Bristol,  Tennessee  [570,000]  ; 
Montford  Park  Hotel  [5150,000] ;  Church  of  the  Messiah,  Broad  and 
Montgomery  ave.,  Philadelphia  [5150,000]  ;  Manufacturers'  Club, 
1409  Walnut  street,  Philadelphia  [5150,000]  ;  "The  Times"  Annex 
Building,  on  Sansom  street,  Philadelphia  [Jioo.ooo]  ;  the  Fire  Asso- 
ciation Building,  407  and  409  Walnut  street,  Philadelphia.  Resi- 
dences of  Samuel  H.  Gilbert,  Bennett  Station,  Pa.  [550,000]  ; 
Messrs.  Van  Kleck,  McCorkle  and  Howland.  Wilmington,  Delaware. 
Residence  of  G.  Ralston  Ayres,  German  town.  The  town  residence 
of  J.  Warren  Coulston,  on  Walnut  street;  J.  A.  McDowell's,  on 
Walnut  street;  Prof.  Houston's,  on  Spring  Garden  street;  Mr. 
Gottschalk's,  on  Green  street ;  John  Loughran's,  on  North  Broad 
street;  Cyrus  Chambers',  Overbrook;  J.  F.  Siunott's  residence  at 
Rosemont,  Pa.,  erected  at  a  cost  of  5150.000. 


G.  W.  &  W.  D.  HEWITT 

George  W.  Hewitt  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  and  entered  the 
office  of  J.  C.  Hoxie  as  student,  in  1857.  He  afterwards  studied 
with  Mr.  John  Artman  until  the  latter's decease.  In  1.865  he  became 
a  member  of  the  firm  ot  Frazer,  Furness  &  Hewitt.  After  the  dis- 
solution of  this  partnership  he  formed  one  with  Mr.  Frauk  Furness 
under  the  title  of  Furness  &  Hewitt.  This  partnership  was  dis- 
solved by  mutual  consent  in  1S75.  Mr.  George  W.  Hewitt  after- 
wards associated  his  brother,  Mr.  William  D.  Hewitt,  with  him 
under  the  firm  name  of  G.  W.  &  W.  D.  Hewitt.  His  firm  is  known 
from  one  eml  of  the  State  to  the  other.  William  D.  Hewitt  was 
born  in  1847,  at  Burlington,  N.  J.  After  a  long  course  of  study  and 
practice,  he,  in  1872,  made  an  extended  trip  abroad,  during  which 
time  he  devoted  himself  to  the  studies  of  foreign  architecture. 
From  their  designs  the  following  buildings  have  been  erected  by 
theni :  Hahnemann  Medical  College  Hospital  and  Dispensary, 
South  Broad  street  ;  incurable  Ward  Hospital,  University  of  Penn- 
svlvania;  the  well  known  Wissahickon  Inn,  Wissahickon;  the 
Devon  Inn,  Devon  ;  Girard  Trust  Company's  Bank,  original  build- 
ing Nineteenth  and  Chestnut  streets  ;  the  Real  Estate  Trust  Com- 
pany building,  1 3 14  Chestnut  street ;  Lebanon  Saving  Fund  Trust 
Companv,  Lebanon,  Pa.  ;  the  Bullitt  Building,  South  Fourth  street ; 
the  Market  Street  Bank,  1107  Market  street;  princinal  station  of 
Cornwall  and  Lebanon  Railroad;  the  Lying  in  Charity  Hospital ; 
St.  Paul's  Church,  Steubenville,  Ohio;  St.  Martin 's-in-the-Fields, 
Wissahickon  ;  St.  Peter's,  Germantown  ;  Church  of  the  Holy  Com- 
forter, Nineteenth  and  Titan  streets  ;  the  tower  of  the  Holy  Trinity 
Church:  Miners'  Bank,  Pottsville  ;  Pennsylvania  Trust  Company 
and  National  Union  Bank,  Reading;  new  Buildingfor  the  Episcopal 
Hospital;  Milton  Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Company ;  St.  Paul's 
church  and  Presbvterian  church,  Columbia,  Pa.,  Ritteuhouse 
Square.  Alabama,  Florida  and  California  also  claim  to  have  speci- 
mens of  Messrs.  G.  W.  &  W.  D.  Hewitt's  construction  and  designing 
abilities.  Among  the  well  known  private  residences  erected  by 
them  are  the  town  and  country  residence  of  Henry  C.  Gibson  ;  N. 
N.  Houston,  at  Chestnut  Hill ;  Travis  Cochrance,  Twentv-second 
and  Walnut  streets  ;  John  C.  Bullitt,  Twenty-second  and  Chestnut 
streets;  Robert  A.  Coleman,  Cornwall,  Penna.  ;  Dr.  R.  S.  Sims, 
Sixteenth  and  Walnut  streets  ;   Dr.  Geo.  T.  Strawbridge,  Fifteenth 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


REAL  ESTATE,  ARCHITECTS,  Etc. 


and  Walnut  streets  ;  George  Klemm,  Thirty-ninth  and  Chestnut 
streets;  George  Phiiler,  Harvey  Townsend,  Edwin  C.  Coxe,  Henrv 
Welsh,  i  lennantown,  and  Mr.  Dupuy,  Pittsburg.  They  have  mag- 
nificent offices  in  the  Bullitt  Building,  Xo.  131  South  Fourth  street. 


ADDISON  HUTTON 

Was  born  in  1S34  in  Westmoreland  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
may  therefore  be  justly  considered  as  one  of  the  senior  represen- 
tatives of  this  citv.  At  the  age  of  twenty-two  years  he  entered  the 
office  of  Samuel  Sloan,  where  he  continued  until  1862.  In  1S63  he 
took  up  the  T-square  solely  on  his  own  account,  and  started  at 
Fourth  and  Chestnut  streets,  where  his  present  offices  now  are. 
Among  the  many  buildings  which  bear  testimony  to  his  skill  and 
work  are  the  Philadelphia  Savings  Fund  Building,  Seventh  and 
Walnut  streets,  erected  in  186S.  In  1S72  he  designed  and  superin- 
tended the  erection  of  the  Ridgway  Library,  at  Broad  and  Christian 
streets;  the  same  taking  over  four  years  to  build.  In  1875.  the 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association  Building,  at  Fifteenth  and 
Chestnut  streets.  In  1S76,  from  his  design,  Barclav  Hall.  Haverford 
College,  on  the  P.  R.  R. ,  was  erected.  In  1S77,  the  Packer  Library 
of  the  Lehigh  University  ;  the  Bucks  County  Court  House  in  1878, 
and  in  l8Sr,  Bryn  Mawr  College,  followed  by  the  William  Forrest 
Buildings,  South  Fourth  street,  in  1884.  In  18.S6,  under  his  watch- 
ful eye  and  care,  the  Westtown  School,  Chester  countv,  was 
erected,  and  in  1S8.S,  the  enormous  structure  of  the  Girard  Life, 
Trust  and  Annuity  Company,  on  the  Northeast  corner  of  Broad  and 
Chestnut  streets,  was  commenced,  and  finished  in  18S9.  In  the  same 
year  he  was  the  successful  competitor  for  the  new  building  for  the 
Pennsylvania  Trust.  Sate  Deposit  and  Insurance  Company,  5  [7  Chest- 
nut street.  More  recently  he  engaged  in  and  finished  the  erection  of 
the  new  dry  goods  store  of  Granville  B.  Haines.  Ninth  and  Market 
streets.  Among  the  private  houses  designed  by  him  mav  be 
mentioned  those  of  Frederick  Morris,  at  Upton,  Pa.;  A.J.  Dull, 
Harrisburg,  Pa. ;  Isaac  Clothier,  Wynncwood,  Pa.  ;  James  Elverson, 
Washington.  L).  C.  ;  Justus  Strawbridge,  Germantown,  Philadel- 
phia, ami  Mr.  Charles  Hartshorn,  Mcrion,  Pa. 


LINDLEY   JOHNSON 

Lindley  Johnson,  architect,  was  born  in  Germantown,  in  1854. 
He  obtained  his  early  education  in  the  schools  of  this  city,  gradu- 
ating from  the  University  of  I'cnnsv  lvania  with  the  degree  of  A.  B. 
After  his  graduation  he  passed  many  months  in  Europe,  and  made 
a  tour  of  the  world,  visiting  China.  India  and  Australia.  Pursuing 
the  study  of  his  profession  he  attended  the  school  of  Beaux  Arts  for 
four  years.  He  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  able  architects  of  the  citv, 
noted  for  originality  in  his  designs  and  for  the  faithful  compliance 
with  his  undertakings  and  obligations.  He  received  the  appoint- 
ment of  architect  for  Fairmount  Park;  that  position  he  now  holds. 
The  music  pavilion,  one  of  the  noted  features  of  the  park,  was 
designed  by  him  as  well  as  many  other  artistic  adornments  of  the 
gardens.  He  superintended  the  alterations  of  the  Rittenhouse 
Club,  designed  the  residence  of  Alfred  C.  Rav.  Chestnut  Hill; 
H.  M.  Sill,  T.  Harrv  Doughcrtv,  Mrs.  Reigel,  Germantown  ;  Mrs. 
Bonbright,  Wyunwood,  Edward  D.  Smith.  St.  Davids;  W.  F. 
Frcis,  Devon  ;  Samuel  W.  Feris  and  Dr.  Wilson,  Locust  street, 
Philadelphia;  John  Borland,  Genesee,  N.  V.;  Brighton  Hotel  and 
Second  National  Bank.  Atlantic  City.  Ivanhoe  Hotel,  and  Gresham 
Hotel,  and  many  other  residences  and  buildings  attest  his  artistic 
skill.  He  is  a  member  of  Cappa  Sigma  Societv,  Vice  President 
Architect's  Chapter,  member  of  Rittenhouse  Club.  Art  Club. 


W.  BLEDDYCE  POWELL 

A  leading  member  of  the  architectural  fraternity  is  Mr.  W.  Blcd- 
dyce  Powell,  whose  office  is  located  at  423  Walnut  street.  Mr. 
Powell  is  a  fellow  of  the  American  Institute  of  Architects,  and 
enjoys  membership  in  several  other  societies  of  a  cognate  character 
both  in  this  country  and  England,  besides  being  closelv  connected 
with  antiquarian  and  historical  associations  in  this  city  aud  in 
Europe.  Mr.  Powell  derives  his  descent  from  families  settled  in 
Pennsylvania  and  adjoining  States  long  anterior  to  the  Revolution. 
Developing  a  strong  liking  for  the  mechanic  art,  Mr.  Powell,  though 
self  taught,  has  mastered  the  details  of  his  profession,  rounding  off 
his  studies  by  an  extended  European  tour.  From  1872  to  1S79  he 
was  second  assistant  to  the  late  John  McArthur,  Jr.,  on  the  new  City 
Hall.  From  iS79to  i8Si  he  was  stationed  at  Lebanon,  Pa.,  in  charge 
of  the  extensive  improvements  contemplated  by  Robert  H.  Coleman, 


at  Cornwall,  Lebanon  county,  which  through  the  death  of  Mr.  Cole- 
man's wife  were  discontinued.  In  1SS1  lie  became  architect  for 
the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company,  designing  and  supervising 
many  important  structures  for  that  powerful  corporation.  Since 
1887  he  has  pursued  his  profession  in  his  own  interest  at  the  above 
address  with  every  prospect  of  a  prosperous  career.  Among  the 
many  buildings  designed  by  Mr.  Powell  and  executed  under  his 
direction  are  the  following:  Union  Station,  Baltimore,  Md.,  for 
the  Northern  Central  Railway  ;  Passenger  Station,  Harrisburg,  Pa., 
and  Pier  No.  1,  New  York  City,  for  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad; 
piers  I,  2,  and  3,  Canton,  Md.,  for  the  Northern  Central  Railway  ; 
Union  Station  and  Freight  Warehouse,  at  Richmond,  Ya.,  for  the 
Atlantic  Coast  Line;  Railroad  offices,  Wilmington,  N.  C,  for  the 
Wilmington  and  Weldon  Railroad  ;  passenger  station.  Raleigh,  N.  C. 
for  the  Seaboard  Air  Line;  terminal  facilities.  Cape  Charles,  Ya., 
for  the  New  York,  Philadelphia  and  Norfolk  Railroad ;  storage 
warehouse  for  the  Merchants'  Warehousing  Companv,  Eighteenth 
and  Market  streets,  Philadelphia  ;  residence  for  Charles  F.  Vollmer, 
Sixteenth  and  Jefferson  streets,  Philadelphia;  Charles  E.  Pugh, 
Overbrook.  Pa.  ;  Mr.  Derr,  Chambersburg,  Pa.  ;  George  L.  Cutter, 
Mont  Clair,  N.  J.  At  present  he  is  engaged  upon  the  palatial 
residence  for  William  L.  Elkins,  at  Broad  and  Girard  avenue, 
this  city,  also  upon  the  terminal  improvements  at  Jersev  Citv  for 
the  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  and  has  lately  been  commissioned  to 
design  and  supervise  the  new  building  for  the  Department  of  the 
Insane,  Philadelphia  Hospital. 


YARNELL  &  GOFORTH 

Arc  successors  to  the  well  known  firm  of  Yarnell  &  Cooper, 
architects,  established  in  1852.  Their  reputation  as  skilful  archi- 
tects is  not  confined  to  this  city  or  State,  their  field  of  operations 
extending  far  beyond  State  limits.  The  senior  member  of  the 
firm  was  born  in  Delaware  county,  Pa.  He  entered  the  office  of 
Yarnell  &  Cooper  as  office  boy  and  became  successively  bookkeeper, 
superintendent,  anil  chief  designer.  Upon  the  death  of  Mr.  Cooper 
Mr.  A.  E.  Yarnell  succeeded  to  the  business.  Later,  in  isgo, 
formed,  a  partnership  with  Mr.  William  Davenport  Yarnell.  Mr. 
Goforth,  sou  of  the  late  John  Goforth,  of  this  city,  was  graduated 
from  the  Architecture  Department  of  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1SS6,  and  is  well  known  among  the  profession  as  the  au- 
thor of  a  work  entitled.  "  <  >ld  Colonial  Architectural  Details  in  and 
Around  Philadelphia."  As  a  firm,  Yarnell  &  Goforth  have  been 
very  successful  in  their  career,  among  the  most  important  buildings 
designed  by  them  being,  the  Palace  Hotel.  Goshen,  Ya..  and  Hotel 
Altemonte,  Staunton,  Ya.,  which  when  completed  will  doubtless 
be  the  finest  hotels  in  the  State;  Hotel  Brunswick,  Waynesboro, 
Ya.;  Ccdartown  Inn,  Cedartown,  (la.;  Hotel  Calhoun  and  Blue 
Mountain  Springs  Hotel.  Piedmont,  Alabama. 

They  have  designed  many  buildings  in  New  Jersey,  Georgia, 
Delaware,  Virginia,  Pennsylvania.  Alabama,  and  other  parts  of  the 
United  States,  many  of  which  are  wonders  of  architectural  skill 
and  taste.  Of  the  other  buildings  designed  by  this  firm  are  the 
Car  Works.  Goshen,  Ya.,  the  Diamond  Electric  Company's  building 
at  Seventeenth  and  Clearfield  streets,  this  city,  the  first  named 
covering  ten  acres  of  ground. 


R.  C.  BALLINGER  &  CO. 

Is  a  firm  of  builders  and  contractors,  composed  of  exper- 
ienced and  competent  men.  Richard  C.  Ballinger.  the  senior  part- 
ner, learned  the  trade  of  bricklaying  and  masonry  in  his  native 
place,  Salem,  N.  J.,  came  to  Philadelphia  in  1S0S,  and  after  serving 
as  foreman  for  two  years  embarked  in  business  for  himself  and  exe- 
cuted satisfactorily  several  large  jobs,  among  them  the  machine 
works  of  Bement,  Miles  &  Co.,  at  Twenty-second  and  Callowhill 
streets  ;  the  store  of  Marks  Brothers,  at  Eighth  and  Arch  streets,  and 
the  Westtown  College  building,  near  West  Chester,  belonging  to  the 
Societv  of  Orthodox  Friends.  F.  Douglass  Hickman,  the  financial 
partner,  is  a  practical  plumber  and  gas-fitter,  anil  for  many  years 
was  connected  with  the  Gloucester  Ferry  Company,  having  been  a 
member  of  the  board  of  directors  for  fifteen  years  aud  for  several 
vears  its  general  superintendent.  The  first  contract  received  by  the 
"firm  of  R.  C.  Ballinger  &  Co.  after  its  organization  in  January, 
1SS9,  was  a  large  eighteen  division  school-house  for  the  Frankford 
District,  and  so  satisfactorily  was  the  contract  executed  that  the 
firm  subsequently  has  done  a  large  amount  of  work  for  the  city  of 
Philadelphia,  including  a  large  patrol  and  mounted  police  stable  at 
Frankford;  the  largest  and  first  combination  patrol,  fire  aud  police 
station  ever  erected  by  the  city,  at  Twentieth  and  Federal  streets  ; 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


REAL  ESTATE,  ARCHITECTS,  ETC. 


a  patrol  and  mounted  police  stable  at  Thirty-ninth  and  Warren 
streets ;  a  large  fifteen  division  school  building  at  Twentv-eighth 
and  Columbia  avenue,  and  a  large  police  and  patrol  station  at 
Fourth  and  York  streets.  The  famous  machine  tool  company  of 
William  Sellers  &  Co.,  Limited,  early  recognized  the  ability  of  the 
members  of  this  firm  and  employed  them  to  erect  a  large  brick  ex- 
tension to  their  works  and  later  their  office  building  and  large 
brick  boiler  house.  This  firm  also  erected  the  residence  for  A.  J. 
Drexel,  Jr.,  at  Lansdowne,  Delaware  county  ;  a  large  brick  building 
and  green-house  for  the  United  States  Naval  Asylum  at  Grav's 
Ferry  ;  anew  building  for  the  Producers'  Marble  Company  at  Thir- 
tieth and  Walnut  streets,  and  made  alterations  and  additions  to  the 
residence  of  M.  S.  Dixey  and  Rev.  Dr.  Palmer,  at  Thirty-seventh 
and  Locust  streets,  and  to  1714  Columbia  avenue  for  Jacob  Wimer, 
Esq.  The  firm  have  also  executed  some  important  contracts  in 
Brooklyn,  New  York,  and  especially  in  Virginia,  where  they  erected 
a  large  brick  plant  at  Richland,  a  very  large  brick  and  cut  stone 
hotel  for  the  Goshen  Land  and  Improvement  Company  at  Goshen, 
and  a  large  car  works  for  the  Goshen  Car  and  Railway  Equipment 
Company.  They  are  now 
building  a  large  and  handsome 
theatre  in  Pittsburgh  for  Alvin 
Joslin  (Charles  S.  Davis),  and 
making  numerous  small  alter- 
ations in  different  parts  of  the 
county.  Mr.  Ballinger  is  vice- 
president  of  the  Bricklayers' 
Association,  the  second  oldest 
trade  association  in  Philadel- 
phia, and  both  members  of 
the  firm  are  officers  in  the 
Veteran  Corps  of  First  Regi- 
ment N.  G.  P. 


ALLEN  B.  RORKE 

Allen  B.  Rorke.  one  of  the 
most  prominent  and  widely 
known  building  contractors  of 
Philadelphia,  was  born  in  this 
city  March  21,  1S46.  His  rise 
from  comparative  obscurity  by 
the  sheer  force  of  talent  with- 
out the  aid  of  adventitious 
circumstances  is  almost  with- 
out a  parallel.  Little  more 
than  a  decade  has  passed  since 
he  began  business  for  his  own 
account,  yet  his  name  is  now 
known  to  every  householder 
in  Philadelphia,  and  to  many 
in  all  the  cities  of  the  Union. 
It  is  true  his  father  and  ma- 
ternal grandfather  were  master 
builders  and  his  talent  for  con- 
struction may  be  said  to  be 
hereditary,  but  within  the 
same  period  thousands  of  sons 
of  carpenters  have  learned  their  father's  trade  and  have  "  shoved 
the  plane."  but  no  one  of  them  has  achieved  fame  and  fortune. 

There  is  something  in  the  man  more  than  ordinary,  and  without 
attempting  to  analyze  his  mental  characteristics  and  while  conced- 
ing that  he  possesses  the  ordinary  qualities  that  contribute  to 
mechanical  success — sagacity,  courage  and  energy — it  is  probable 
that  one  secret  of  his  great  success  lies  in  the  fact  that  like  Barnum 
and  Wanamaker  and  a  few  others,  he  has  discovered  the  magic 
power  there  is  concealed  in  the  judicious  use  of  printers'  ink,  and 
though  modest  and  unassuming  in  his  deportment  he  has  not  been 
guilty  of  the  folly  of  lighting  a  candle  and  hiding  it  under  a  bushel. 
Courteous  to  all  he  is  especially  courteous  to  the  members  of  the  press. 
Mr.  Rorke's  immediate  ancestors,  his  father  and  grandfather,  were 
natives  of  Reading,  in  this  State.  His  father,  James  Rorke,  though 
a  native  of  Reading,  came  to  Philadelphia  when  a  lad  of  eighteen 
and  apprenticed  himself  to  Robert  Reeves,  then  a  well  known 
builder  in  the  Spring  Garden  district.  He  became  a  skilled 
mechanic,  but  was  not  successful  in  accumulating  property.  The 
son,  Allen  B.,  began  his  apprenticeship  at  the  early  age  of  fourteen, 
and  after  spending  seven  years  in  acquiring  a  knowledge  of  his 
trade  served  twelve  years  as  journeyman.  During  this  period  he 
was  intrusted  with  the  execution  of  some  important  work,  and 
supervised  the  erection  of  the  Pardee  Scientific  School,  at  Easton, 


Allen    B.  Rorke 


the  Stock  Exchange  in  the  rear  of  the  Girard  Bank,  on  Third  street, 
and  the  Horticultural  Hall  in  Fairmount  Park.  In  1879  he  began 
business  for  his  own  account,  and  having  secured  a  few  contracts 
he  executed  them  with  promptness  and  fidelity  to  the  interest  of 
his  patrons. 

It  was  noted  that  he  did  not  shirk  his  work  but  was  disposed 
to  do  more  than  the  agreement  called  for  rather  than  less.     Those 
contemplating  the  erection  of  large  and  costly  structures  heard  of 
him  and  sought   his  services.     To   enumerate   all   the   important 
buildings  that  he  has  contributed  to  the  New  Philadelphia  within 
the  last  ten  3'ears  would  require  more  space  than  we  can  afford,  but 
we  may  mention    Dolan's  handsome  residence,   on   Walnut  street 
above  Eighteenth  ;  Fitler's  extensive  cordage  works,   Bridesburg ; 
the   carpet  mills   of  McCallum   &   Co.,   at   Wayne  Junction;  the 
Armory  of  the  State  Fencibles  on  Broad  street  ;  John  T.  Bailey 
&  Co.'s  Cordage   works;  the   stables   of  John   Michener  &   Co.; 
Hensel,  Coliday  &  Co.'s  large  building  on  Seventh  street ;  John  T. 
Bailey's  residence  on  Master  street  near  Fifteenth  ;  Justice,  Bate- 
man   &   Co.'s   warehouse   on  Gothic  street;   the  building  of  the 
Brush    Electric     Light    Com- 
pany, on  Johnson  street  above 
Twentieth ;    the   office  of  the 
Traction  Company  at  423  Wal- 
nut   street  ;    the   spice    ware- 
house of  O.  S.  Janney  &  Co., 
on    Letitia    street  ;    Sichel   & 
Meyer's  store   on  Arch  street 
below  Eighth  ;  the  granite  an- 
nex of  the  Bank  of  Northern 
Liberties;  Frank  Thompson's 
mill  at   Lehigh    avenue ;    the 
Lennox  Mills  at  Bridesburg ; 
Dornan  Brothers  &  Co.'s  Moni- 
tor Mills;    Leedom's  Mill,   at 
Bristol ;    the   Fidelity  Storage 
Warehouse  on   Market  street ; 
Jacob  Reed's   Sons'  new  store 
at  Second  and  Spruce  streets  ; 
Merchant  &  Co.'s  new  ware- 
house ;  the  attractive  building 
of  the  Manufacturers'  Club  on 
Walnut  street,  west  of  Broad, 
and  the  massive  edifice  of  the 
Western    Saving    Fund,    at 
Tenth  and  Walnut  streets;  and 
now  he  has  the  contract  for  the 
erection  of  the  Betz  Building, 
illustrated  on  page  220.     The 
Board   of  City  Trusts   having 
charge   of   the    Girard    estate 
employed  him  to  erect  the  row 
of   large  stores  on   the  south 
side  of  Market  street,  between 
Eleventh  and  Twelfth  streets, 
and  several  of  the  new  build- 
ings  on    the    Girard    College 
grounds,  one  of  them  having  a 
dining  room  that  will   seat  a 
thousand    boys.      A    late    im- 
portant undertaking   was  the  erection  of  Spreckle's  sugar  refinery, 
which  is  probably  the  largest  structure  for  business  purposes  in  tlie 
city,  and  which  he  finished  within  twelve  months,  a  shorter  period 
than  any  building  approaching  it  in  size  was  ever  erected. 

Mr.  Rorke  has  never  held  public  office,  but  in  iSSS  when  the 
Republicans  of  Philadelphia  became  dissatisfied  with  the  manage- 
ment of  the  city  committee  he  was  chosen  chairman,  and  for  two 
years  held  the  position  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  party,  voluntarily 
retiring  with  respect  and  confidence  of  his  associates.'  He  has  been 
spoken  of  as  a  suitable  man  to  be  Director  of  Public  Works  or  City 
Treasurer,  and  as  he  is  yet  in  the  flower  of  manhood  it  is  probable 
he  will  be  called  upon  to  fill  some  important  public  station,  where 
unusual  executive  ability  is  a  requisite. 


GEORGE  WATSON 


Now  president  of  the  Builders'  Exchange,  was  born  in  Buck- 
ingham. Bucks  county,  October  21,  1826.  He  was  brought  by  his 
parents  to  the  city  when  four  years  of  age,  and  educated  in  the 
Friends'  schools.  He  then  served  a  five  years'  apprenticeship  as  a 
carpenter  with  his  brother,  James  V.  Watson,  now  president  of  the 
Consolidation  Bank  and  the  Clearing  House.    On  attaining  his  ma- 


Philadelphia  and  popular  Philadelphia's. 


REAL  ESTATE,  ARCHITECTS,  Etc. 


jority  he  was  taken  into  partnership,  the  firm  name  becoming  James 
V.  Watson  &  Brother,  which  continued  until  1S57,  when  the  senior 
member  withdrew,  leaving  the  business  with  the  vounger  brother, 
in  whose  name  it  was  continued  until  1SS6,  when  his  son,  George 
J.  Watson,  was  admitted,  establishing  the  firm  of  George  Watson  & 
Son. 

Some  of  the  most  notable  buildings  in  Philadelphia  have  been 
erected  by  Mr.  Watson  and  the  firms  with  which  he  has  been  con- 
nected, and  the  list  includes  the  Manufacturers',  the  Consolidation, 
Tradesmen's,  and  Market  Street  National  Banks,  the  Bank  of  the 
Northern  Liberties,  the  Philadelphia  Warehousing  Companv,  the 
University  buildings  in  West  Philadelphia,  the  Swarthmore  College, 
the  First  Regiment  Arnrory,  the  Adams  Express  Companv's  build- 
ing, the  Drexel  banking  house,  and  the  MaryJ.  Drexcl  Home.  It 
is  not  unusual  for  this  firm  to  have  contracts  on  hand  amounting  to 
a  million  of  dollars. 

Mr.  Watson  was  elected  president  of  the  Builders'  Exchange 
April  3,  1891,  and  is  also  president  of  the  Mechanical  Trade  School 
connected  with  that  institution. 


EDWARD  BROWN 


Among  the  prominent  and  successful  mechanical  engineers  and 
inventors  of  Philadelphia,  none  have  attained  greater  or  more  de- 
served recognition  than  Edward  Brown,  who  commenced  business 
at  No.  311  Walnut  street  thirty-two  years  ago.  Brought  up  to  loco- 
motive building  and  steam  engineering,  Mr.  Brown's  first  work  of 
prominence  was  as  consulting  mechanical  engineer.  He  was  .111 
expert  at  indicating  the  horse  power  of  steam  engines  and  boilers, 
and  he  gave  testimony  in  many  disputed  civil  law  cases.  Twenty- 
years  ago  boilers  were  sold  by  the  horse  power,  a  somewhat  vague 
system,  and  on  one  occasion  the  law  court  and  a  committee  from 
tlie  Franklin  Institute,  of  which  Mr.  Brown  was  a  member,  failed 
to  establish  a  horse  power,  either  as  the  evaporation  of  one  cubic 
foot  of  water  or  half  a  cubic  foot,  and  it  was  determined  that  there- 
after to  leave  each  case  to  be  decided  by  the  individual  contract. 
Itis,  however,  as  an  inventor  of  special  appliances  for  blast  furnaces 
and  engines  that  Mr.  Brown  is  most  widely  known,  having  taken 
out  eleven  patents  on  pyrometers  and  three  on  speed  indicators  and 
mercury  gauges.  For  all  of  these  except  two  there  is  a  constant 
demand  and  sale.  Fcsv  inventors  can  show  such  a  record  of  practi- 
cal business  judgment,  nine-tenths  of  all  inventions  for  which  pat- 
ents were  applied  for  remaining  as  dead  letters  in  the  Patent  Office. 
Twenty  years  ago  pyrometers  were  almost  unknown,  and  are  still 
unknown  to  the  general  public.  At  that  time  no  instrument  could 
be  used  for  temperatures  over  600  degrees  ;  now  there  is  not  .111  iron 
furnace  in  the  United  States  where  Mr.  Brown's  specialties  are  not 
in  use,  and  instruments  indicating  up  to  2,500  degrees  above  the 
melting  point  of  cast  iron  are  in  the  hands  of  ordinary  workmen. 
Mr.  Brown  is  an  authority  on  pyrometers,  being  the  onlv  manufac- 
turer in  the  Uuited  States  to  make  them  a  specialty.  His  speed 
indicators  are  known  in  England  as  well  as  in  America,  and  several 
medals  testify  to  the  appreciation  by  scientific  bodies  of  these  ap- 
pliances, but  the  appreciation  of  the  iron  trade,  shown  by  a  gen- 
eral demand  for  these  instruments,  and  the  successful  business 
career  of  their  patentee,  are  more  prized  and  so  well  deserved  by 
our  townsman. 


BROWN  BROTHERS  &  SIMS 

No  one  can  read  of  such  a  trip  that  the  President  recently  made 
over  a  large  portion  of  the  South  and  West  without  marveling  at 
the  entire  freedom  from  accident.  Such  a  trip  as  that  is  of  daily 
occurrence,  but  it  is  not  noted  in  the  newspapers  simply  because  it 
is  a  matter  of  course.  Certainly  very  much  of  this  freedom  from 
accident  is  due  to  the  care  and  watchfulness  of  the  railroad  managers 
and  the  excellence  of  modern  roads  and  the  general  equipment,  but 
a  large  share  of  it  must  be  placed  to  the  account  of  the  great  bridges 
over  so  many  of  which  these  splendid  trains  pass. 

Among  the  most  important  of  American  Bridge  Contractors  is 
that  of  Brown  Brothers  &  Sims.  The  members  of  this  firm  arc  J. 
Benton  Brown,  George  W.  Brown  and  Charles  A.  Sims.  The  bridge 
over  the  Little  Conemaugh  river,  five  miles  east  of  Johnstown,  Penn- 
sylvania, which  the  firm  erected  in  1S89  is  universally  acknow- 
ledged as  one  of  the  most  difficult  pieces  of  successful  masonry  accom- 
plished in  Pennsylvania.  The  work  was  done  shortly  after  the  flood. 
The  greatest  trouble  was  in  the  securing  of  a  rock  foundation  because 
of  the  immense  amount  of  boulders  ami  debris  deposited  by  the  over- 
flowing waters.  In  evidence  of  the  many  obstacles  to  be  overcome 
it  is  only  necessary  to  state  that  four  months  were  required  to  get  the 


last  pier  up.  The  bridge  is  three  sixty  feet  spans  for  three  tracks, 
ribbed  arches,  piers  and  abuts  parallel  angle  west  abutment  with 
centre  line,  fifty  degrees.  Angle  east  abutment  with  centre  line, 
fifty-seven  degrees  fifty-four  minutes.  Alignment,  rive  degrees 
thirty-five  minutes  curve.  Total  length  2S2  feet.  Water  to  base  of 
rail,  forty-six  feet.  The  work  of  the  company  has  the  highest 
endorsement  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  and'of  all  corporations 
for  whom  they  have  had  business. 

J.  Bentley  Brown,  the  senior  member  of  the  firm,  is  a  civil 
engineer  of  twenty  years'  standing.  Charles  A.  Sims,  the  junior 
member,  had  charge  for  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Companv  for 
the  construction  of  the  bridge  on  the  line  at  Johnstown.  This  was 
the  only  bridge  along  the  road  which  withstood  the  onslaught  of 
the  flood.  The  members  of  the  firm  are  still  young  men  in  the 
very  prime  of  life  and  are  thoroughly  equipped  for  all  kind  of  rail- 
road work,  and  orders  for  bridge  and  other  scientific  construction 
entrusted  to  this  firm  will  receive  prompt  and  intelligent  attention. 


FRANK  C.   ROBERTS 

Mr.  Frank  C.  Roberts  is  a  representative  gentleman  engaged 
in  the  profession  of  engineering.  He  is  thirty  years  old  and  grad- 
uated at  Princeton  College,  anil  the  first  year  after  graduating  had 
the  honor  of  being  appointed  instructor  in  civil  engineering  at  that 
institution. 

In  the  fall  of  1884  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  well  known 
firm  of  Cooper,  Hewitt  &  Co.  at  their  Trenton  Iron  Works,  and 
subsequently  became  the  civil  engineer  for  the  companv.  In  the 
fall  of  1SS6  he  removed  to  Philadelphia  to  accept  the  position  as 
civil  engineer  with  the  firm  of  Gordon,  Strobel  S:  Laurcau.  In 
March,  iSSS,  he  opened  his  own  office  as  civil  engineer,  conducting 
a  general  engineering  business  and  making  a  specialtv  of  design 
and  construction  of  iron  and  steel  works.  Mr.  Roberts  is  chief 
engineer  and  designer  of  the  celebrated  pair  of  blast  furnaces  built 
in  kNqo  and  owned  by  the  Monongahela  Furnace  Companv,  at  Mc- 
Kcesport.  Pa.,  and  is  also  engineer  for  the  Crane  Iron  Works  and 
for  the  Dunbar  Furnace  Company,  of  this  city.  Mr.  Roberts  is 
largely  interested  in  the  development  of  Southwest  Virginia  and 
East  Tennessee,  being  professionally  engaged  on  the  following  ex- 
tensive works: 

Blast  furnace  of  the  Radford  Crane  Iron  Companv,  Radford, 
Va.;  cast  iron  pipe  foundry  for  the  Radford  Pipeand  Foundry  Com- 
pany,, at  Radford,  Va.;  roiling  mill  for  the  Shenandoah  Furnace 
Company,  at  Shenandoah,  Va.;  blast  furnace  forthe  Twin  City  Iron 
Company,  Riverton,  Va.;  blast  furnace  for  the  Bristol  Iron  and 
Steel  Company,  Bristol,  Tenn.;  inclined  railway  up  to  Lookout 
Mountain,  Chattanooga,  Tenn. 

Mr.  Roberts  has  proven  himself  to  be  an  able  expert  and  civil 
engineer  of  no  mean  pretensions.  He  has  written  several  pam- 
phlets on  scientific  and  engineering  subjects,  amongst  which  are  : 
"Ancient  Roman  Bridges,"  "The  Figure- of  the  Earth,"  "Trans- 
mission of  Power  by  Wire  Rope."  "Wire  Rope  Tramways,"  "Wire 
Rope  Haulage  in  Its  Application  to  Mining,"  "Calculations  of 
Available  Heat,  Sec.,  Contained  in  Blast  Furnace  Gases." 

Mr.  Roberts  is  a  gentleman  of  refinement  and  culture,  and  is 
proud  of  being  a  thorough  representative  Welshman,  and  is  highly 
esteemed  by  the  community  for  his  ability  and  integrity,  and  a  more 
reliable  and  thoroughly  practical  civil  engineer  cannot  be  found  in 
the  city  of  Philadelphia.  His  offices  are  located  at  the  southeast 
corner  of  Fourth  and  Chestnut  streets  and  are  elegantly  fitted  up, 
where  he  has  an  efficient  corps  of  assistants,  and  also  a  branch  office 
at  No.  Si  1  Lewis  Block,  Pittsburgh. 


LEVERING  &  GARRIGUES 

The  great  improvement  in  all  classes  of  buildings  in  recent 
years  has  opened  up  a  new  field  for  the  architect  and  the  building 
trade  in  general,  and  there  is  no  more  important  branch  than  the 
furnishing  and  putting  in  position  of  the  structural  iron-work. 

Doubtless  one  of  the  most  capable  and  experienced  firms  in 
this  line  of  work  is  that  of  Messrs.  Levering  cc  Garrigues,  who 
have  made  a  specialty  of  all  kinds  of  architectural  and  structural 
iron-work,  such  as  iron  and  steel  beams,  building  fronts,  stairs, 
railings,  fire  escapes,  grilles,  and  other  plain  and  ornamental  iron- 
work for  building  purposes. 

Their  experience  in  connection  with  the  furnishing  of  the  iron- 
work entering  into  the  construction  of  the  Pennsylvania  Building, 
the  Girard  Life  Insurance  Building,  and  other  large  buildings  of  a 
similar  character  which  have  added  so  much  to  the  appearance  of 
the  business  streets  of  Philadelphia  during  the  past  few  years,  has 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


REAL  ESTATE,  ARCHITECTS,  ETC. 


achieved  for  them  a  specially  representative  and  significant  position 
in  the  facilities  they  enjoy,  and  the  ability  manifested  in  executing 
this  class  of  work  ;  and  evidence  of  this  fact  can  be  seen  in  the 
number  and  character  of  the  contracts  they  have  completed  during 
the  past  year,  among  which  may  be  mentioned  the  iron-work  for 
the  new  building  for  the  Beil  Telephone  Company,  Market  street 
above  Fourth ;  the  immense  Market  House  for  the  Philadelphia 
Market  Company,  at  Thirty-first  and  Market  streets  ;  the  ten-story 
Fire-proof  Apartment  House,  at  Eleventh  and  Pine  streets;  the  new 
iron  bridge  for  the  city  over  Cresheim  Creek,  Germantown,  and  the 
new  erecting  shop,  machine  shop  and  extension  of  office  for  the 
Baldwin  Locomotive  Works,  at  Broad  and  Spring  Garden  streets. 


C.  HENRY  RONEY 


C.  Henrv  Roney,  Consulting  Engineer  and  Architect,  No.  no 
South  Fourth  street,  Philadelphia,  a  descendant  of  some  of  the  old 
Philadelphia  and  Baltimore  families,  although  still  a  young  man, 
has  had  an  extensive  profes- 
sional experience.  He  was 
educated  at  Mount  Holly  and 
Lawrenceville,  New  Jersey, 
and  in  1S67  at  the  Polytechnic 
College  of  the  State  of  Penn- 
sylvania ;  afterwards  was  an 
Assistant  Engineer  of  Fair- 
mount  Park  ;  and  in  the  office 
of  James  H.  Windrim,  archi- 
tect, on  detail  drawings  for  the 
House  of  Correction,  &c.  ;  at 
Southwark  Foundry,  Philadel- 
phia, designs  for  pumping  en- 
gines and  machinery  ;  in  the 
City  Engineer's  office,  Pitts- 
burgh, Pa.,  drainage,  grades 
and  new  avenues  ;  in  1S72  he 
became  the  Assistant  Engineer 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Company, 
in  charge  of  the  Eastern  Divi- 
sion of  the  Pittsburgh,  Fort 
Wavne  and  Chicago  Railway 
Company,  where  he  made  the 
survevs  for  improving  the 
alignment  and  grades  of  that 
road,  and  had  charge  of  the 
changes,  construction  of  new 
bridges,  buildings,  &c.  ;  in 
1S75  became  the  senior  mem- 
ber of  the  firm  of  Roney  &  Du 
Pont,  Engineers  and  Archi- 
tects. Philadelphia,  Victor  Du 
Pout,  Jr..  of  Wilmington,  Dela- 
ware, being  the  junior  member 
until  he  withdrew  to  move 
west  several  years  later. 

Mr.  Roney,  also,  as  En- 
gineer and  Architect  of  the 
Chesapeake   Bay  Steam  Navi- 


C.  Henry   Roney 


ALBERT   BLANC 

Horticultural  engraver  and  electrotyper,  was  bom  at  Antwerp, 
Belgium,  in  1850.  When  eighteen  years  of  age  he  came  to  America, 
locating  in  Philadelphia,  and  secured  employment  in  one  of  the 
leading  engraving  establishments.  In  1S70  he  began  business  for 
himself.  His  proficiency  quickly  brought  him  to  the  front,  and 
success  greeted  his  venture.  In  1S85  he  began  the  study  of  horti- 
cultural engraving  and  electrotyping,  and  since  then  he  has  had 
practically  a  monopoly  of  this  business.  His  engravings  are  used 
on  all  parts  of  the  globe,  from  the  Russian  capital  to  the  Cape  of 
Good  Hope,  and  from  the  American  continent  to  Australia.  He 
has  practically  revolutionized  the  seed  and  floral  trade,  enabling 
any  seedsman  to  illustrate  his  catalogue  at  comparatively  little  ex- 
pense. Catalogues  of  new  engravings  are  issued  yearly,  of  which 
he  furnishes  duplicates  at  a  very  moderate  charge. 

Some  four  years  ago  Mr.  Blanc  began  the  cultivation  of  cactus 
plants  for  pleasure,  and  appreciating  their  beauty,  as  well  as  their 
ease  of  cultivation  in  apartments  and  gardens,  he  concluded  to 
make  them  popular,  and  went 
into  the  business  on  an  exten- 
sive scale.  He  engaged  col- 
lectors in  all  parts  of  the  world, 
and  under  the  firm  name  of 
A.  Blanc  &  Co.  this  is  now  the 
largest  establishment  known 
for  the  cultivation  and  propa- 
gation of  these  interesting 
plants.  They  supply  most  of 
the  wholesale  houses  here  as 
well  as  in  Europe.  Their  yearly 
exhibitions  in  Horticultural 
Hall  usually  attract  the  greatest 
attention,  plants  being  shown 
there  that  cannot  be  dupli- 
cated anywhere. 

A.  Blanc  &  Co. 's  catalogue 
and  "Hints  on  Cacti"  are 
most  beautiful  works,  well  cal- 
culated to  give  the  craze  to 
every  lover  of  the  curious  and 
interesting.  Their  extensive 
greenhouses  at  Forty-eighth 
a  n  d  Walnut  streets  have 
proved  to  be  very  attractive  to 
connoisseurs.  From  there  they 
supply  not  only  the  humble 
artisan  who  wants  a  few  plants 
for  his  window,  but  also  the 
Royal  Gardens  at  Kew,  Eng- 
land, where  can  be  seen  some 
giant  cacti  in  all  their  glorv, 
and  which  excite  the  wonder 
and  admiration  of  all  who 
visit  these  well  known  gar- 
dens. A.  Blanc  &  Co.  have 
also  agencies  near  Tucson, 
Arizona,  and    Monterey,  Mex. 


gation  and  Hotel  Company,  laid  out  their  grounds  and  designed 
their  hotel  and  buildings  at  Bay  Ridge,  Maryland,  the  popular 
Baltimore  and  Washington  summer  resort ;  he  designed  some 
of  the  buildings  for  Baugh  &  Sons'  extensive  fertilizer  works 
at  Philadelphia,  and  private  residences  and  buildings  for  other 
clients  in  various  parts  of  the  country,  and  has  been  in  charge  of  a 
number  of  other  important  engineering  and  architectural  enter- 
prises ;  was  Chief  Engineer  of  the  Easton  and  Bangor  Railroad 
Companv  ;  of  the  Philadelphia  Midland  Railroad  Company,  &c. 
As  Chief  Engineer  of  the  Philadelphia  Sectional  Electric  Under- 
ground he  laid  their  conduit  for  underground  electric  wires  under 
Chestnut  street.  Philadelphia,  and  has  been  a  strong  advocate  of  the 
necessity  of  placing  electric  wires  underground. 

Mr.  Roney  is  a  member  of  the  American  Institute  of  Mining 
Engineers,  Engineers'  Club  of  Philadelphia,  &c,  and  has  found 
time  during  a  busy  life  to  deliver  several  series  of  lectures  on 
engineering,  mining  and  sanitary  subjects  before  the  Franklin 
Institute  of  Pennsylvania,  the  Wagner  Free  Institute  and  the  Spring 
Garden  Institute,  as  well  as  to  contribute  papers  to  some  of  our 
journals  and  scientific  societies,  and  in  1875  and  1S76  was  Assistant 
Chief  of  one  of  the  Bureaus  of  the  Centennial  Exhibition  at  Phila- 
delphia. He  is  now  busily  engaged  on  some  designs  for  new 
buildings  and  engineering  works  and  in  his  consulting  practice. 


CHARLES  H.  WEISGERBER 


Charles  H.  Weisgerber  was  born  in  New  York  City,  June  15th, 
1S56,  and  when  a  young  man  removed  to  Philadelphia  where  he 
soon  evinced  the  talent  which  justly  places  him  among  the  fore- 
most of  Philadelphia's  Pastel  Artists.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools,  received  private  as  well  as  academic  training  in  the  Fine 
Arts,  and  has  been  substantially  rewarded  by  rapid  recognition  for 
the  excellence  of  his  productions.  His  work  combines  the  rare 
qualitv  of  originality.  Mr.  Weisgerber  though  versatile  in  the 
various  departments  of  Art,  has  made  a  specialty  in  the  advance- 
ment of  Pastel  Portraits.  For  this  purpose  he  has  traveled  exten- 
sively abroad  and  studied  under  the  best  masters  in  Europe. 

His  portraits  decorate  many  of  the  handsomest  mansions  in  the 
United  States.  One  of  his  master  pieces  "The  Modern  Gladiator," 
owned  by  Richard  K.  Fox,  of  New  York,  has  been  critically  judged 
a  rare  example  of  what  can  be  produced  in  Pastel.  It  is  the  largest 
Pastel  painting  ever  undertaken  in  this  country. 

Personall  v  Mr.  Weisgerber  is  unassuming,  serious  and  tenacious 
of  purpose.  He  inherits  from  his  parents  the  most  refined  impulses, 
which  good  qualities  place  him  among  those  who  offer  much  for 
the  promotion  of  Art  in  this  country. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


DECORATIVE  ARTIST— BUILDING  MATERIALS. 


GEORGE  HERZOG 

George  Herzog,  Decorative  Artist,  established  in  Philadelphia 
since  1S71,  in  which  year  he  entered  into  a  partnership  with  the 
late  Constantine  Kaiser,  whose  works  at  that  time  were  well  known 
and  appreciated  among  art  loving  people.  On  the  death  of  his 
partner  Mr.  Herzog  opened  a  studio  at  1334  Chestnut  street. 

His  exhibits  at  the  Centennial  Exposition  gained  two  medals, 
one  from  the  judges  of  group  seven,  and  the  other  from  group 
twenty-seven,  plastic  and  graphic  art.  Mr.  Herzog  enjoys  the 
reputation  of  carrying  out  his  work  with  care,  and  of  fulfilling  in 
every  particular  the  ideas  suggested  in  his  sketches  or  elaborated  in 
the  accepted  designs,  the  more  difficult  and  important  details,  such 
as  flowers  and  figures,  being  executed  with  his  own  brush.  When 
entering  a  competition  this  fact  stands  greatly  in  his  favor  and  gene- 
rally carries  away  the  prize. 
Well  informed  upon  the  tradi- 
tions of  his  branch  of  art,  he 
possesses  not  only  the  skill  to 
illustrate  his  ideas  rapidly  by 
pencil,  but  also  to  elaborate 
them  with  more  carefully  exe- 
cuted drawings,  which  enable 
him  to  present  fac-similes  of 
the  work  proposed.  His  figure 
sketches  oftentimes  rival  in 
delicacy  of  handling  the  work 
of  miniature  painting. 

Among  the  many  build- 
ings, public  and  private,  which 
he  has  decorated  and  beauti- 
fied since  he  commenced  busi- 
ness on  his  own  account,  are 
the  following  :  Residences  of 
Charles  J.  Harrah,  Thomas 
Dolan,  ex-Mayor  Edwin  H. 
Fitter,  Dr.  E.  H.  Williams, 
John  H.  Converse,  James  S. 
Elverson,  and  W.  G.  Warden, 
of  Philadelphia  ;  Jacob  H. 
Shiff,  of  New  York,  and  Chas. 
Pratt,  of  Brooklyn  ;  also  the 
St.  James  Church,  Walnut 
Street  Presbyterian  Church, 
Academy  of  Music,  and  the 
Union  League  Club  House. 
The  Liederkranz  Society,  of 
New  York  City,  selected  the  designs  of  Mr.  George  Herzog, 
which  were  offered  in  competition  with  several  of  the  most  cele- 
brated artists  of  his  line,  and  some  of  his  best  work  is  to  be  seen 
on  the  stairs  and  in  the  concert  halls  in  the  building  of  that  organi- 
zation. In  these  rooms  he  has  demonstrated  his  knowledge  of 
historical  and  allegorical  subjects,  and  shown  his  skill  in  the  repre- 
sentation, the  purely  decorative  features  so  harmonizing  with  the 
pictorial  as  to  justify  the  position  accorded  them  as  being  among 
the  finest  decorated  apartments  in  New  York  City.  As  a  direct 
result  of  his  achievements  in  the  decorations  of  the  Liederkranz 
Hall,  the  Harmonic  Club  of  the  same  city  obtained  his  services  in 
the  decoration  of  their  entire  building.  In  all  of  his  work  he  is 
most  particular  to  have  his  motifs  in  exact  accord  with  the  period 
and  character  of  the  building,  as  is  exemplified  in  the  now  famous 
Egyptian,  Ionic  and  Norman  Halls  in  the  Masonic  Temple  of  Phila- 
delphia, and  the  Supreme  Court  rooms  and  Mayor's  offices  in  our 
new  City  Hall,  all  representing  in  remarkable  degree  his  know- 
ledge of  ancient,  classic  and  medieval  styles.  A  rare  opportunity 
for  the  exercise  of  his  skill  was  offered  by  Peter  A.  B.  Widener, 
William  L.  Elkinslaud  the  late  William  H.'Kcmblc  in  the  interior 


decoration  of  their  stately  residences,  buildings  which  by  com- 
petent authorities  are  adjudged  to  be  the  best  exemplars  of  domestic 
architecture  in  Philadelphia. 


WARREN-EHRET  COMPANY 


George   Herzog 


The  Warren-Ehret  Company  is  the  natural  outgrowth  of  the 
consolidation  of  several  old  and  well-known  firms.  The  business 
of  roofing  and  paving  having  been  originated  in  this  citv  as  earlv 
as  the  year  1852.  by  the  Messrs.  Herbert  M.  Warren  and  E.  Burgess 
Warren.  This  business  was  continued  through  various  changes 
until  the  year  1S83,  when  the  present  incorporated  company  was 
formed  by  a  consolidation  of  the  interests  of  M.  Ehret,  Jr.,  The 
Warren  Roofing  Company  and  Warren.  Foster  &  Co.  All  of  these 
firms  had  been  for  many  years  successfully  engaged  in  this  line  of 
business,  and  the  consolidation  was  made  with  a  view  of  reducing 
expenses. 

Since  the  incorporation  of  this  company,  the  business  has  been 
rapidly  extended ;  the  com- 
pany does  not  now  confine 
itself  to  the  business  of  com- 
position roofing,  as  was  form- 
erly the  case.  For  the  past  few 
years  they  have  been  engaged 
in  applying  all  kinds  of  roof- 
ing and  the  construction  of 
artificial  stone  and  asphalt 
pavements.  They  are  to-day 
the  largest  contractors  for  roof- 
ing and  paving  in  the  country. 
They  have  also  within  the  past 
few  years  entered  into  the 
manufacture  of  roofing  mate- 
rials, building  papers,  carpet 
linings,  etc.  Thev  have  now 
a  well-c<|uipped  mill  located 
on  the  historic  Cresheim 
Creek,  Wissahickou  Heights, 
where  they  are  producing  some 
of  the  finest  building  paper 
and  carpet  linings  offered  in 
the  market.  In  their  paving 
business,  they  require  large 
quantities  of  crushed  stone  and 
furnace  slag  ;  to  produce  this 
cheaply  and  in  such  quantities 
as  they  require  it,  they  were 
obliged  to  erect  a  crusher  plant 
at  Spring  Mill,  Montgomery 
county,  Pa.,  where  they  are 
now  producing  crushed  slag 
which  is  used  for  paving,  road 
making,  roofing,  etc.  Having 
about  exhausted  the  supply  at 
this  point  they  have  recently 
entered  into  a  lease  of  one  of 
the  largest  and  finest  banks  of 
furnace  slag  in  the  Schuylkill 
Yalley,  located  near  Reading,  to  which  point  they  are  to  remove 
their  entire  plant.  This  will  be  completed  by  the  first  of  March, 
1892.  They  will  then  be  in  a  position  to  furnish  this  material  not 
only  for  their  own  use,  but  to  supplv  the  market  with  all  sizes  and 
for  all  purposes  for  which  this  material  can  be  used. 

The  Ehret  slag  roof  which  they  apply  is  known  all  over  the 
country  as  the  only  roof  adapted  to  buildings  used  for  manufactur- 
ing purposes.  This  is  due  to  the  fact  that  it  is  not  affected  by  gases, 
acids,  steam  and  other  vapors,  nor  by  contraction  or  expansion. 

The  slag-stone  pavements  constructed  by  this  company  are 
rapidly  displacing  the  old-fashioned  brick  pavements  of  Philadel- 
phia, and  during  the  past  four  or  five  years  the  company  has  put 
down  thousands  of  square  yards  of  this  exceedingly  durable  and 
handsome  pavement.  The  company  has  gradually  added  to  its  force 
and  working  plants,  so  that  they  are  at  the  present  time  in  a  posi- 
tion to  accept  and  promply  execute  the  largest  orders,  and  as  they 
are  enterprising,  they  will  no  doubt  keep  abreast  of  the  times  in 
regard  to  all  improvements. 

The  business  officers  of  the  company  are,  John  B.  Lober,  Presi- 
dent ;  M.  Ehret,  Jr.,  Yice  President,  and  H.  S.  Ehret,  Secretary  and 
Treasurer.  Their  office  is  432  Market  street.  Their  works  are 
located  at  Cumberland  and  Thirteenth  streets,  Philadelphia  ;  Lees- 
port,  Pa.,  and  Wissahickou  Heights,  Philadelphia. 


22S 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


ENGRAVERS  AND  PHOTOGRAPHERS. 


JOHN  SARTAIN  (Chevalier) 

John  Sartaiu  is  regarded  as  the  founder  in  America  of  that 
style  of  engraving  on  steel  known  as  Mezzotinto,  because  what  had 
been  previously  done  in  that  line  by  C.  W.  Peale  and  other  ama- 
teurs was  only  in  an  experimental  sort  of  way.  Sartain  began  his 
professional  career  in  Philadelphia  in  1S30,  and  for  ten  years  there- 
after stood  alone  in  that  branch  of  engraving  in  the  whole  country. 

In  1S43  he  became  sole  proprietor  and  editor  of  Campbell's 
Foreign  Semi-Monthly  Magazine,  in  which  he  was  the  first  in 
America  to  print  the  "  Songof  the  Shirt,  "  "  The  Bridge  of  Sighs," 
"The  Pauper's  Funeral,"  "The  Drop  of  Gin,  "  and  other  pieces 
of  a  kindred  nature  that  afterwards  became  so  widely  popular. 
Agassiz's  "  A  Period  in  the  History  of  our  Planet  "  he  printed  as 
early  as  October,  1S43,  when  the  name  of  that  eminent  scientist 
had  hardly  been  heard  on  this 
side  the  Atlantic.  In  the  same 
vear  he  hail  an  interest  in  the 
Eclectic  Museum  along  with 
E.  Littell  and  the  Rev.  John 
H.  Agnew.  In  1848  he  pur- 
chased a  one-half  interest  in 
another  New  York  monthly 
periodical,  the  Union  Maga- 
zine, and  it  became  known  as 
Sartain' s  Magazine,  of  which 
he  was  also  sole  editor  during 
the  latter  part  of  its  career. 
Besides  the  literary  labor  in- 
separable from  these  enter- 
prises his  pen  was  frequently 
in  demand  for  various  subjects, 
but  more  particularly  those  re- 
lating to  art.  While  in  the 
midst  of  a  great  accumulation 
of  engagements  Mr.  Sartain 
projected  The  American  Gal- 
lery of'  Arl  and  produced  the 
first  quarto  volume  of  what 
was  intended  to  be  a  scries 
of  annual  volumes,  but  the  pe- 
cuniary loss  on  this  prevented 
its  further  continuance.  From 
numerous  notices  we  quote 
but  one.  "  The  work  before  us 
— the  first  volume,  it  ought  to 
be  called — is  in  quarto,  very 
elegantly  bound,  no  pages  of  letter  press  and  eleven  engrav- 
ings, all  executed  with  the  editor's  unsurpassed  skill.  Mr.  Sartain, 
to  the  genius  and  industry  of  eminent  art,  adds  its  richest  enthu- 
siasm and  most  generous  spirit ;  and  the  heart  of  the  man  liberal- 
izes the  work  of  the  artist.  In  his  personal  character  the  public  has 
the  best  assurance  of  the  worthiest  work  which  his  high  and  broad 
range  of  talent  qualifies  him  to  achieve.  " 

His  industry  is  untiring  and  his  capacity  for  continued  labor 
equal  to  all  drafts  upon  it.  When  the  annuals  were  in  fashion  there 
was  hardly  a  volume  of  the  kind  published  on  this  side  of  the 
Atlantic  that  had  not  all  its  plates  from  his  prolific  burin. 
Graham's  Magazine,  during  its  first  and  best  years,  had  a  plate 
from  him  every  mouth,  so  too  the  New  York  Eclectic,  and  his  own 
Semi-monthly  one  every  two  weeks  ;  all  this  in  addition  to  his 
other  engraving  and  literary  work.  These  plates  just  referred  to 
were  for  books,  but  his  large  framing  prints  were  also  numerous, 
and  in  several  instances  the  work  itself  was  as  much  as  three  feet 
in  length.  To  attempt  a  mere  catalogue  would  occupv  too  much 
space.     Prominent  among  them   arc  :    "  Christ    Rejected,  "  after 


John  Sartain 


West;  "  The  Iron  Worker  and  King  Solomon,"  after  Schussele  ; 
"The  Battle  of  Gettysburg,"  after  Rothermel  ;  "The  County 
Election  in  Missouri,"  after  Bingham;  "The  Civil  War  in  Mis- 
souri," after  the  same  ;  "The  Homestead  of  Henry  Clay,"  after 
Hamilton  ;  "John  Knox  and  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  "  after  Leutze; 
"American  Inventors  or  Men  of  Progress,"  after  Schussele; 
"  Zeisberger  Preaching  to  the  Indians  at  Gosgoshunk, "  also 
after  Schussele,  and  many  others ;  all  by  his  own  unassisted 
hand. 

Much  of  his  time  has  been  given  to  the  numerous  associations 
in  which  he  held  membership.  As  controller  of  the  Artist's  Fund 
Society  from  1835  on,  he  was  uniformly  an  active  member  of  its 
exhibition  and  other  committees,  and  filled  successively  all  the 
offices  in  its  gift  from  President  down.  For  twentv-three  vears  as 
Director  of  the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts  he  was  its 
most  active  laborer  ;  first  un- 
der the  Presidency  of  Henry 
D.  Gilpin,  then  of  Caleb  Cope, 
and  lastly  under  that  of  James 
L.  Claghorn. 

During  his  travels  in 
Europe,  undertaken  for  his 
own  pleasure  and  study,  he 
visited  the  honorary  members 
of  the  institution  and  delivered 
to  them  their  diplomas,  in 
Spain,  Italy,  Germany,  France, 
Belgium,  Holland,  England 
and  Scotland.  Served  for  many 
years  as  Vice-President  of  the 
School  of  Design  for  Women, 
declining  the  Presidency  of  it 
which  was  tendered  him.  At 
the  request  of  the  Directors  of 
the  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts 
he  prepared  the  plans  of  the 
galleries  and  rooms  of  both 
floors  as  erected  in  their  new 
building  on  North  Broad  street, 
after  they  had  rejected  all  the 
plans  of  the  four  architects 
who  competed.  He  designed 
and  superintended  the  con- 
struction of  the  lofty  granite 
monument  to  Washington  and 
Lafayette  in  Monument  Ceme- 
tery, modelled  the  two  colossal 
profiles  from  which  the  bronzes  were  cast,  and  wrote  the  two 
inscriptions  cast  on  the  great  bronze  plates  of  the  pedestal. 

He  has  been  the  recipient  of  many  honors  and  decorations  from 
time  to  time,  spontaneous  testimonials  of  his  deserving.  After  the 
great  Centennial  Exhibition  of  Philadelphia,  in  which  he  received 
the  appointment  of  Chief  of  the  Art  Bureau,  the  King  of  Italy 
created  him  an  officer  of  the  Equestrian  Order  of  the  Crown  of  Italy, 
with  the  decoration  and  title  of  "  Cavaliere.  "  More  than  thirty 
years  ago  the  artists  of  Amsterdam  made  him  an  honorary  member 
of  their  "  Arti  et  Amicitie  "  Association. 

Mr.  Sartain  is  prominent  in  the  Order  of  Freemasons,  and 
has  been  initiated  into  forty-seven  degrees  of  its  mysteries,  is 
a  Past  Master  of  his  Lodge,  Past  High  Priest  of  his  Chapter, 
is  a  member  of  the  Supreme  Council  of  the  Northern  Jurisdiction 
of  the  United  States,  is  Grand  Treasurer  for  twenty-nine  degrees 
of  the  Ancient  Accepted  Rite,  is  Trustee  in  other  bodies  and  is  a 
Rosicrucian. 

His  last  work  of  importance  was  the  filling  the'post  of  Chief 
of  the  Art  Department  of  the  American  Exhibition  in  London. 


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229 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


ENGRAVERS  AND  PHOTOGRAPHERS. 


SAMUEL  SARTAIN 

The  eldest  son  of  Mr.  John  Sartain,  just  noticed,  is  the  leading 
portrait  engraver  in  Philadelphia,  both  in  mezzotinto  and  line  en- 
graving on  steel.  It  is  probable  that  he  has  engraved  more  por- 
traits on  steel  than  all  the  other  engravers  combined.  During  the 
last  quarter  of  a  century  there  has  been  an  immense  number  of  bio- 
graphical encyclopedias  issued  for  cities,  counties  and  States,  illus- 
trated with  steel  plate  portraits,  and  most  of  them  contain  speci- 
mens of  his  handiwork.  He  has  been  the  favorite  artist  of  the 
biographical  publishers,  and  has  the  rare  faculty  of  catching  and 
bringing  out  the  lineaments  that  determine  the  likeness  to  the 
original,  even  where  the  copy  furnished  is  imperfect.  But  Mr.  Sar- 
tain has  also  executed  a  number  of  large  steel  engravings  that  have 
been  very  popular  and  now  adorn  the  walls  of  many  mansions. 
In  1854  he  was  commissioned  by  the  Art  Union  of  Philadelphia  to 
engrave  for  their  annual  distribution  a  large  plate,  1S.X23,  a  winter 
coasting  scene  after  a  painting  by  C.  Schuessele,  entitled,  ''Clear 
the  Track."  This  engraving  secured  for  him  a  silver  medal  at  an 
exhibition  of  the  Franklin  In- 
stitute, and  at  the  World's  Fair 
in  New  York  "an  honorable 
mention  with  special  approv- 
al." Prominent  among  his 
large  engravings  are:  "One 
of  the  Chosen,"  after  Guy; 
"  Christ  Stilling  the  Tempest," 
after  Hamilton  ;  "  The  Song  of 
the  Angels,"  after  Thomas 
Moran  ;  "Christ  Blessing  Little 
Children,"  after  Eastlake ; 
"Evangeline,"  and  more  re- 
cently "The  Pompeian  Water 
Carrier."  Of  all  these  many 
thousands  of  impressions  have 
been  printed  and  sold. 

Samuel  Sartain  was  born 
in  Philadelphia,  October  8, 
1S30,  and  studied  under  the 
direction  of  his  father  and  at 
the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of 
Fine  Arts.  He  early  evinced 
a  talent  for  the  art  in  which  he 
has  won  distinction,  and  be- 
fore he  was  seventeen  years  of 
age  he  engraved  a  three-quarter 
length  portrait  of  Benjamin 
West,  ten  by  thirteen  inches, 
after  a  painting  by  Harlow. 
Socially  he  is  very  popular, 
and  in  artistic  ami  scientific 
circles  he  is  highly  appreci- 
ated. For  more  than  thirty 
vears  by  successive  re-election 
he  has  been  treasurer  of  the 
Artists'  Fund  Society  and  for 
nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century- 
has  been  a  member  of  the 
board  of  managers  of  the 
Franklin  Institute,  of  which  for  the  past  ten  years  he  has  been 
also  the  treasurer.  Recently  he  purchased  an  elegant  residence 
on  Nineteenth  street,  opposite  Logan  Square,  in  which  he  has 
fitted  up  a  room  for  engraving  purposes  and  a  suite  of  rooms 
with  abundant  light  for  his  son,  Dr.  Paul  J.  Sartain,  who  has  ac- 
quired great  skill  and  proficiencv,  by  long  study  in  the  schools 
and  hospitals  of  Europe,  in  treatment  of  diseases  of  the  eye,  ear, 
and  nose. 

ERNEST  A.  WRIGHT 


Ernest  a.  Wright 


Ernest  A.  Wright  is  now  the  leadingi  engraver  and  printer  in 
Philadelphia,  of  society,  college  and  commercial  work.  Born  in 
England,  in  1S51,  his  youth  was  spent  in  Toronto,  Canada,  and  at 
the  age  of  fifteen  he  went  to  New  York  and  apprenticed  himself  to 
learn  steel  and  copper  plate  engraving.  Three  weeks  after  his 
apprenticeship  had  expired  he  came  to  Philadelphia  where  he  had 
not  a  single  acquaintance,  and  after  a  few  months  spent  in  a  build- 
ing now  occupied  by  the  Postoffice  site,  selected  a  small  room  in 
the  building  he  now  occupies,  at  the  southeast  corner  of  Eleventh 
and  Chestnut  streets,  and  began  business  with  one  apprentice,  who 
after  serving  about  a  year  resigned  his  position  in  disgust  at  the 
lack  of  patronage;  alleging  he  did  not  believe  the  place  would  support 


more  than  one  skilled  engraver.  For  three  years  Mr.  Wright  had 
great  difficulty  in  securing  sufficient  work  to  keep  himself  and  one 
or  two  apprentices  employed,  but  during  the  Centennial  vear  his 
prospects  began  to  brighten.  Early  in  that  year  he  made  a  small 
steel  plate  engraving  of  Memorial  Hall,  which  accidentally  came 
to  the  notice  of  Mr.  John  Sartain,  then  general  manager  of  the 
art  department  of  the  Centennial  Exposition,  and  he  was  so 
pleased  with  it  that  he  sought  out  the  engraver  and  solicited  per- 
mission to  use  it  on  his  personal  cards.  Since  the  Centennial  the 
business  has  constantly  increased,  press  after  press  has  been  pur- 
chased until  now  the  whole  of  the  five-story  building  above  the 
ground  floor,  at  the  location  mentioned,  is  filled  with  improved 
machinery,  and  a  force  of  150  hands  (often  more)  is  furnished  con- 
stant employment  throughout  the  year.  No  similar  hive  of  indus- 
try outside  of  the  Bank  Note  companies  can  be  seen  in  this  country. 
Society,  with  its  peculiar  customs  and  "fads"  has  furnished  a 
large  share  of  work  to  this  establishment.  The  use  of  handsomelv 
engraved  visiting  cards  has  become  so  general  that,  during  the 
holiday  season  especially,  Mr.  Wright  with  his  force  of  engravers 
has  often  been  obliged  to  work 
night  after  night  and  to  call 
into  requisition  the  resources 
of  other  plate  printers,  so  as 
to  avoid  disappointing  delays. 
The  thousands  of  persons  who 
use  engraved  visiting  cards 
also  require  engraved  recep- 
tion and  marriage  invitations, 
dance  programmes,  dinner 
menus,  and  for  producing  all 
of  these  he  has  special  facilities 
and  many  beautiful  and  orig- 
inal designs.  In  recent  vears 
it  has  become  the  fashion  for 
colleges  and  seminaries  of 
learning  to  send  out  elaborately 
engraved  invitations,  and  Mr. 
Wright,  by  his  original  classi- 
cal designs  and  novel  methods 
of  display  has  so  pleased  the 
savants  that  during  the  pres- 
ent year  he  has  executed  or- 
ders from  more  than  one-half 
of  all  the  colleges  and  high 
schools  in  the  United  States. 
As  many  of  these  institutions 
and  societies  required  en- 
graved diplomas,  certificates 
of  membership  and  charters, 
it  became  necessary  to  secure 
extra  heavy  and  large  presses, 
and  recently  Mr.  Wright  pur- 
chased what  is  believed  to  lie 
the  largest  steel  plate  printing 
press  in  the  country  capable  of 
turning  out  steel  plate  illustra- 
tions such  as  adorn  the  walls  of 
old  mansions,  and  the  largest 
etchings  of  the  modern  school. 
Commerce  has  followed  in  the  footsteps  of  society  in  its  demand 
upon  the  engraver.  Merchants  of  the  higher  class  and  large  manu- 
facturers now  use  engraved  business  cards,  letter,  note  and  bill 
heads ;  and  jewelers,  merchant  tailors  and  art  furniture  dealers  have 
found  advantage  in  using  beautifully  engraved  trade  announce- 
ments. Mr.  Wright  has  now  travelling  salesmen  and  resident 
agents  in  nearly  every  city  of  the  United  States,  Canada,  Mexico 
and  South  America,  and  his  daily  mail  averages  over  two  hundred 
letters  during  the  busy  season.  Recently  he  has  embarked  largely 
in  the  manufacture  of  the  finer  grades  of  envelopes  and  now  sup- 
plies business  houses  with  stationery  of  the  best  quality.  His 
ambition  has  also  led  him  to  expend  many  thousands  of  dollars  in 
the  machinery  required  in  bank  note  engraving,  transferring  and 
printing,  and  he  lias  now  a  plant  sufficient  to  execute  Government 
contracts,  and  also  railroad,  bank  and  other  corporation  work. 

The  latest  addition  to  his  business  is  the  introduction  of 
"Wright's  Steel  Plate  Calendars,"  in  which  he  has  shown  his  skill 
and  good  judgment  by  introducing  only  his  highest  grade  of  Art 
Eugravings  made  up  from  reproductions  of  celebrated  paintings. 
He  is  a  tireless  worker,  and  in  the  course  of  years  he  has  gathered 
around  him  a  force  of  skillful  designers,  who  aid  him  in  giving 
originality  and  highest  artistic  effect  to  the  subjects  engraved  under 
his  supervision. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


ENGRAVERS  AND  PHOTOGRAPHERS. 


FREDERICK  GUTEKUNST 

Is  the  oldest  established  photographer  in  Philadelphia,  and  for 
many  years  has  been  a  leader  in  the  practice  of  the  art.  Having  a 
natural  inclination  for  the  study  of  chemistry  and  physics,  he  had 
originally  intended  to  become  a  druggist,  and  with  that  view, 
attended  lectures  at  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy,  of  which 
he  is  one  of  the  early  graduates.  But  when  Daguerre  had  announced 
his  discovery  in  the  art  of  portraiture,  Mr.  Gutekunst  became  inter- 
ested in  the  idea,  and  after  many  successful  experiments  with  the 
camera  as  an  amateur,  he  determined  to  embark  in  the  business. 
He  opened  his  first  gallery  in  1856,  at  706  Arch  street,  a  few  doors 
below  his   present  location,  and  as   the  "ambrotvpe"  was  at  that 


In  1S7S,  having  heard  of  the  invention  of  a  process  that 
promised  brilliant  results  in  portraiture  and  book  illustration,  since 
known  as  the  "phototype,"  Mr.  Gutekunst  went  to  Germany,  and 
not  only  purchased  the  right  to  use  it,  but  brought  back  with  him 
the  inventor  and  his  son  who  are  now  in  his  employ.  This  process, 
combining  as  it  does  accuracy  of  likeness  with  cheapness  and  a 
peculiar  softness  and  delicacy  of  expression,  became  so  popular 
that,  though  originally  intended  as  an  adjunct  to  the  photographic 
department,  it  became  necessary  to  establish  for  it  a  separate  depart- 
ment which  is  now  located  at  813  Girard  ave.,  where  thev  have 
ample  facilities  for  the  speedy  execution  of  orders,  and  where  a 
large  force  of  experienced  operatives,  under  the  management  of 
Mr.  James  P.  Harbeson,  a  skdful  engraver,  is  constantly  employed. 


time  coming  into  notice  as  an  improvement  on  the  Daguerreotype, 
he  devoted  all  his  attention  to  the  production  of  this,  anu  with 
marked  success.  He  was  also  among  the  first  to  introduce  the  pho- 
tograph, and  as  nothing  was  allowed  to  go  out  without  his  personal 
attention,  his  reputation  for  executing  the  best  work  was  early 
established,  and  his  galleries  were  always  crowded.  The  rooms  at 
706  Arch  street  soon  became  too  small  for  the  increasing  trade,  and 
he  secured  the  two  buildings,  712  and  714  Arch  street,  now  occupied 
by  him,  and  which  are  replete  with  every  appliance  for  executing 
every  style  of  photographic  work.  He  has  always  aimed  to  do  the 
best,  not  the  cheapest  work,  and  has  generally  received  the  highest 
premiums  both  in  this  and  in  foreign  countries.  His  Centennial 
picture  was  a  wonder  at  the  time,  being  a  photograph  on  a  single 
sheet  of  paper  over  ten  feet  long.  This  was  printed  from  seven 
negatives,  and  so  skilfully  that  it  was  impossible  to  detect  where 
the  negatives  joined.  For  this  he  received  medals  from  England, 
Austria,  France  and  Italy,  and  a  handsome  pair  of  vases  from  Japan. 


Beautiful  specimens  of  the  capabilities  of  the  "  phototype"  for  book 
illustration  may  be  seen  in  the  "  Biographical  Album  of  Prominent 
Pennsylvanians,"  and  especially  in  the  "Artistic  Houses"  and 
"Artistic  Countrv  Seats,"  published  by  D.  Appleton  &  Co.  of  New 
York,  and  sold  "for  $300  a  copy.  Recently  Mr.  Gutekunst  has 
introduced  other  forms  of  photo-mechanical  printing,  notably  what 
is  known  as  the  "halftone,"  which  is  now  a  very  popular  form  of 
illustration,  and  is  produced  by  him  with  the  excellence  that  dis- 
tinguishes all  his  work.  His  latest  advance  achievement  is  the 
introduction  of  the  revolving  camera,  which  takes  a  picture  at  an 
angle  of  1S00,  36  inches  long,  of  which  a  specimen  representing 
the  Delaware  River  and  the  islands  opposite  Philadelphia  that  are 
being  removed  by  the  U.  S.  Government,  is  now  on  exhibition. 
This  photograph  has  been  specially  commended  by  U.  S.  Govern- 
ment officials,  for  whom  a  number  have  been  printed.  It  will  thus 
be  seen  that  this  veteran  in  photography,  though  stillin  the  prime 
of  life,  maintains  the  leading  position  he  has  occupied  from  the  first. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BREWING  AND  DISTILLING. 


JOHN  F.  BETZ  &  SON,  Limited 

The  business  known  as  John  F.  Betz  &  Son,  the  brewery  of 
which  is  at  Crown,  Willow  and  Fifth  streets,  Philadelphia,  was 
started  in  1853  on  Forty-fourth  street,  New  York,  was  called  the 
Eagle  Brewery,  and  was  conducted  under  the  firm  name  of  Clausen 
&  Betz.  Mr.  Betz  in  1867  came  to  Philadelphia  and  located  at 
Gaul's  Brewery,  New  Market  and  Callowhill  streets,  and  removed 
to  the  present  site  in  1S80.  The  great  brewery  of  this  firm  is 
bounded  by  Callowhill,  Crown,  Willow  and  Fifth  streets.  The  build- 
ings are  of  iron,  stone  and  brick,  they  are  arched  throughout,  and 
as  there  are  no  wooden  floorings  they  are  fire-proof.  The  Philadel- 
phia and  Reading  Railroad  has  a  track  through  the  premises,  giv- 
ing every  facility  for  the  receiving  and  shipment  of  goods.  In 
1S69  Mr.  Betz  had  obtained  possession  of  the  entire  business.  Up 
to  1S80,  and  the  removal  to  the  present  site,  only  porter  and  ale  were 
manufactured,  but  then  the  important  departure  of  brewing  of 
beer  was  made.  As  showing  the  increase  in  the  business  in  1867, 
27,000  barrels  of  malt  liquor  were  turned  out;  in  1SS0,  75,000  bar- 
rels; in   18S6,  175,000  barrels,  and  there  has  been  a  steady  growth 


site  of  the  old  Tabernacle  Church.  It  is  to  be  thirteen  stories  high, 
but  with  a  cellar  and  basement  and  a  roof  floor  it  will  become  prac- 
tically sixteen  stories.  Its  estimated  cost  will  be  51,500,000.  Mr. 
Betz  owns  one  of  the  largest  malt  houses  in  the  city  on  St.  John 
street,  and  has  controlling  interests  in  the  Germania  Brewing 
Company  and  in  the  Fairmount  Steamboat  Company.  He  owns 
the  Riverside  Mansion,  the  Lyceum  Theatre,  and  the  new  Grand 
Opera  House,  at  Broad  and  Montgomery  avenue.  In  the  Grand 
Opera  House  he  takes  particular  pride,  and  with  all  reason,  for  it  is 
one  of  the  most  beautiful  and  largest  theatres  in  the  countrv.  It 
seats  comfortably  3,000. 

Mr.  Betz,  although  most  largely  interested  in  Philadelphia 
affairs,  by  no  means  confines  his  investments  to  this  city.  The 
handsomest  mausoleum  in  Philadelphia  was  built  by  Mr.  Betz  in 
West  Laurel  Hill  Cemetery.  There  is  scarcely  a  ward  in  the  city  in 
which  he  does  not  own  property,  and  he  is  the  proprietor  of  manv 
of  the  brewery  sites  in  New  York  City.  At  Betzwood,  on  the  Penn- 
sylvania Railroad,  he  has  a  farm  of  over  500  acres,  where  he  has 
some  of  the  finest  herds  of  Jersey  cattle  in  the  countrv.  He  has 
been  called  upon  to  fill  many  positions  of  trust,  as  a  Director  of  the 


John   F.  Betz   &  Son's   Brewery 


annually  ever  since.  Various  new  buildings  and  departments  have 
been  added  to  the  establishment  from  time  to  time  at  a  cost  of  over 
5750,000.  The  brewing  of  ale,  porter  and  brown  stout  remains  a 
leading  feature  of  the  business,  and  their  bottled  and  draft  ales  and 
porters  are  shipped  to  all  parts  of  the  United  States,  to  the  West 
Indies,  Mexico  and  South  America.  Of  lager  beer  the  firm  has 
various  makes,  as  Bohemian,  Pale  Export,  Salvator  and  Munich. 
Improvements  and  alterations  now  going  on  at  the  brewery  will 
give  still  greater  capacity.  Mr.  John  F.  Betz,  Sr.,  is  one  of  the 
most  prominent  and  enterprising  citizens  of  Philadelphia.  He  was 
born  in  Stuttgart,  Wurtemburg,  Germanv,  but  was  brought  to  this 
country  when  but  a  year  old.  When  twelve  years  of  age  he  was 
taken  into  the  employ  of  his  brother-in-law,  D.  G.  Yeuudling,  a 
brewer  in  Pottsville,  Pennsylvania.  He  remained  there  until  of 
age,  when  he  returned  to  Germany  for  the  purpose  of  getting 
greater  knowledge  of  the  brewery  business  than  he  could  obtain 
here.  Coming  back  fully  equipped  he  began  as  above  stated  in 
New  York.  A  man  of  immense  wealth  and  unblemished  integrity, 
owning  millions  of  dollars  worth  of  property  not  only  in  Philadel- 
phia but  elsewhere,  his  credit  is  practically  unlimited.  He  is  just 
erecting  what  will  stand  among  the  greatest  buildings  in  the  city 
at  the  southeast  corner  of  Broad  and  South  Peun  Square,  on  the 


First  National  Bank,  and  of  the  Real  Estate  Trust  Company.  He 
has  several  times  re-visited  Europe,  in  1S52,  1S67,  1S6S,  1878,  1SS6, 
and  in  1S90.  John  F.  Betz,  Jr.,  familiarly  known  as  "Fred,"  who 
began  to  assist  his  father  when  scarcely  tweuty  years  of  age,  was 
..admitted  to  full  partnership  when  the  present  brewery  was  built. 
He  was  born  in  Pottsville,  Pa.  He  early  manifested  a  marked  apti- 
tude for  business,  and  as  he  grew  to  manhood  he  assumed  the  entire 
charge  of  the  great  establishment  during  the  frequent  visits  of  his 
father  abroad.  He  is  thoroughly  educated  and  has  gained  practical 
experience  by  his  visits  to  all  the  principal  cities  of  the  world. 
While  in  Europe  he  became  convinced  of  the  moral  influence  beer 
had  exerted  in  Germanv.  He  believes  that  this  country  is  now 
ahead  in  facilities  for  the  manufacture  of  beer,  and  also  in  the 
average  quality  of  beer.  While  abroad  young  Mr.  Betz  made  very 
valuable  purchases,  among  them  two  Arabian  stallions,  which  arc 
believed  to  be  the  finest  ever  brought  to  this  country,  and  are 
used  for  breeding  purposes.  He  is  exceedingly  popular  among 
his  manv  thousands  of  friends.  One  of  his  chief  sources  of 
pleasure  is  to  entertain,  especially  on  board  his  steam  yacht  Sy- 
billa,  constantly  taking  parties  on  trips  to  the  resorts  not  only 
near  the  city  but  even  on  quite  long  voyages.  The  yacht  is  affec- 
tionately named  in  honor  of  his  mother,  whose  memory  he  holds 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BREWING  AND  DISTILLING. 


in  deep  respect,  and  to  whom  the  mausoleum  in  West  Laurel  Hill 
was  erected. 

The  brewery  firm  ot  John  F.  Betz  &  Son,  Limited,  ranks 
among  the  largest  representative  houses  in  the  United  States  ;  of 
the  output,  beer  constitutes  65  per  cent.,  ale  20  per  cent.,  and  porter 
15  per  cent.  For  its  East  India  Pale  Ale  and  Double  Stout  the  firm 
received  a  gold  medal  at  the  New  Orleans  Exhibition  in  1SS4-85. 
The  principal  brands  are  X,  XX  and  XXX.  and  East  India  Pale 
and  Burton  Ales,  Porter  and  Double  Brown  Stout.  As  in  all  other 
departments  there  is  a  steady  increase  in  the  bottling  business. 
This  branch  has  become  so  popular  that  it  has  a  special  department 
on  Callowhill  street  above  Crown,  and  occupies  the  entire  first 
floor  of  what  was  once  known  as  Concordia  Hall.  The  demand 
for  this  brewing  is  so  great  that  over  one  hundred  hands  are  con- 
stantly employed. 

Among  the  latest  added  departments  recentlv  constructed  are 
new  brew-house  and  engine  room,  ice  machines  of  100  tons  capa- 
city, refrigerator  plant,  extension  of  stables,  new  offices  at  the  corner 
of  Crown  and  Callowhill  streets,  and  a  tunnel  under  Crown  street. 
It  is  conceded  that  the  Betz  ale 
and  porter  fairly  rival  the  most 
celebrated  English  ales  and 
Dublin  porters.  The  same  su- 
periority is  noted  in  the  lager 
beer,  and  it  is  evident  that  the 
climate,  water  and  other  con- 
ditions, such  as  the  latest  im- 
proved machinery  and  the 
most  skilled  workmen,  are  ex- 
ceptionally favorable  to  the 
brewing  of  high  grade  malt 
beverages. 

John  F.  Betz  &  Son  was 
succeeded  by  John  F.  Betz  & 
Son,  Limited,  in  January,  1SS9, 
the  officers  of  the  company 
being  John  F.  Betz,  Chairman  ; 
John  F.  Betz,  Jr.,  Treasurer  ; 
William  Hav,  Secrctarv. 


John   F 


GERMANIA  BREWERY 

The  Germania  Brewerv  is 
another  lasting  monument  of 
the  energv  and  enterprise  of 
Mr.  John'  F.  Betz.  Sr.  The 
Germania  Brewing  Company 
was  incorporated  in  Decem- 
ber, 1S86,  and  the  first  brewing 
was  in  March,  1S87.  A  new 
and  handsome  brewery  was 
erected  for  the  company  on 
Broad  street,  above  Columbia 
avenue,  and  it  is  considered  the 
most  compact,  the  handsomest 
and  most  complete  brewery 
of  its  size  in  the  country.  It 
has  a  capacity  of  100,000 
barrels  a  year.  The  beer  is  of  very  high  quality,  and  the  two 
kinds  turned  out — the  Vienna,  light  beer,  and  the  Munich,  dark 
beer — are  considered  very  high  by  judges.  Drs.  Henry  Leffmau 
and  L.  Wolf,  of  Jefferson  Medical  College,  made  an  analysis  in 
1888  and  reported  as  follows  :  "The  Vienna  beer  is  the  best  of  all 
beers  now  offered  for  sale,  and  approaches  more  closely  to  the  stand- 
ard of  an  ideal  beer  than  any  other  in  the  market." 

The  brewery  buildings,  comprising  the  brewery,  refrigerated 
storehouse,  bottling  house,  stables,  boiler  house  and  offices,  cover 
the  greater  part  of  a  city  block,  bounded  by  Broad  and  Carlisle 
streets  and  Columbia  and  Montgomery  avenues.  The  architecture 
is  of  the  Romanesque  composite  order,  and  the  materials  are  brick, 
stone  and  iron,  with  red  pressed  brick  front,  terra  cotta  trimmings 
anil  brownstoue  base.  The  brewerv  building  is  surmounted  by  a 
dome  of  glass  and  iron,  35  feet  in  diameter  and  80  feet  above  the 
street,  and  is  absolutely  fire-proof.  The  rotary  process  is  adopted 
from  top  to  bottom,  avoiding  unnecessary  pumping,  everything 
being  doue  automatically,  and  with  as  little  handling  as  possible. 

At  the  rear  of  the  brewery  proper  is  the  stock  house.  70  feet 
by  150  feet.  It  is  six  stories  high  and  has  a  capacity  of  100,000 
barrels.  Adjoining  is  the  boiler  and  engine  house  and  the  coal 
sheds,  holding  100  tons.  The  office  building  is  in  front  of  the 
brewery,  on  Broad  street.      It  is  70  feet  by  30  feet,  and  is  divided 


into  president's  and  secretary's  rooms  and  offices  and  general  bus- 
iness department  on  the  first  floor,  and  private  rooms  and  directors' 
meeting  room  on  the  second  floor.  In  the  basement  are  located 
wash  and  toilet  rooms  and  wardrobes.  On  Montgomerv  avenue 
and  Carlisle  street,  in  the  rear,  are  the  stables  and  bottling  depart- 
ment, with  an  ornamental  frontage  on  Montgomerv  avenue  of  34 
feet,  and  a  depth  on  Carlisle  street  of  146  feet.  The  basement  is 
devoted  to  general  storage  purposes,  the  first  floor  for  bottling,  the 
second  floor  for  stables,  with  stalls  for  sixty  horses.  On  the  third 
floor  is  the  hay  loft,  and  on  the  fourth  floor  general  stores.  A  com- 
pact and  perfect  electric  light  plant  is  in  the  yard  at  the  rear. 

The  machinery  for  brewing  purposes  is  termed  a  300  barrel 
plant,  and  includes  a  300  gallon  hot  water  tank,  a  600  bushel  meal 
bin,  a  16  foot  mash  tub,  a  16  foot  filtering  tub,  a  16  foot  hop  jack, 
a  12  foot  iron  conversion  tub,  an  iron  surface  cooler  with  a  capacity 
of  300  barrels,  a  250  barrel  copper  kettle  with  steam  jackets,  a  24 
foot  long  "  Baudelot  "  cooler,  a  spent  grain  tank  and  a  spent  hop 
tank,  large  malt  storage  bins,  two  large  double  rolling  screens,  com- 
bined with  two  malt  scouring  machines  and  automatic  scales  ;  an 
elevator  of  600  bushels  capa- 
city, which  carries  21  receiving 
bins,  and  a  large  malt  mill  of 
400  bushels  capacity  per  hour  ; 
a  700  bushel  iron  meal  bin  and 
a  100  horse  power  "  Buckeye  " 
automatic  engine  for  driving 
the  wheels ;  a  mashing  ma- 
chine, so  arranged  as  to  be 
raised  and  lowered  automatic- 
ally, and  a  filtering  tub.  The 
mash  tub  is  provided  with 
mashing  machines  of  the 
"  Fiederlein  "  pattern.  There 
are  also  spent  grain  conveyers, 
malt  conveyers,  and  elevators 
of  all  kinds,  as  well  as  two  50 
ton  Consolidated  refrigerating 
machines,  each  equal  to  the 
manufacture  of  50  tons  of  ice 
every  twenty-four  hours. 

The  process  of  manufac- 
turing the  beer  by  this  plant  is 
very  simple,  and  only  requires 
four  skilled  workmen  to  run 
the  whole  machinery.  The 
malt  is  first  elevated  to  the 
store  under  the  roof,  and  then 
discharged  to  the  rolling  floor, 
where  it  is  cleansed  and  scour- 
ed ;  then  it  is  weighed  auto- 
matically and  discharged  into 
an  elevator,  which  re-elevates 
it,  and  discharges  it  into  the 
bin  over  the  malt  mill.  It  is 
then  passed  by  another  eleva- 
tor to  the  meal  bin  above  the 
mash  tub.  The  meal  is  mixed 
etz,  Sr.  with  hot  water  ami  more  malt 

added.  From  the  mash  tub 
the  mash  is  sent  to  the  filtering  tub,  where  it  is  re-mashed  and  the 
wort  drawn  off  into  the  kettle  by  its  own  gravity,  the  remaining 
grain  at  the  same  time  being  discharged  into  the  spent  grain  tank. 
The  wort  is  boiled  in  the  kettle  and  hops  added  ;  then  the  beer  is 
discharged  into  the  hop  jacket,  and  after  cooling  it  is  pumped  to 
the  surface  cooler  on  the  fourth  floor,  the  hops  being  automatically 
discharged,  by  means  of  a  false  bottom,  to  the  spent  hop  tank. 
From  the  surface  cooler  the  beer  is  run  off  over  the  "Baudelot" 
cooler,  and  it  is  there  reduced  to  its  proper  temperature  of  40 
degrees  Fahrenheit,  thence  to  the  starting  tubs  and  fermenting 
tubs.  It  is  finally  run  to  the  storage  casks,  where  it  for  the  first 
time  is  in  contact  with  the  hand  of  man. 

By  this  simple  and  ingenious  process  the  finest  beer  is  pro- 
duced, and  Soo  barrels  a  day  can  be  turned  out  with  the  aid  of 
only  four  men. 

The  trade  of  the  Germania  Brewerv  has  increased  only  in  pro- 
portion as  it  deserves,  and  at  the  present  time  40,000  barrels  a  year 
are  turned  out,  principally  for  bottling.  The  management  of  the 
brewerv  is  in  the  able  hands  of  the  following  gentlemen  :  E.  F. 
Poulterer,  president;  John  F.  Betz,  Sr.,  treasurer,  and  Joseph  M. 
Ritter,  secretary.  The  bottling  department,  which  is  a  most  im- 
portant branch  of  the  concern,  is  under  the  personal  superintend- 
ence of  E.  F.  Poulterer  and  I.  W.  Stewart. 


233 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


BREWING  AND   DISTILLING. 


F.  A.  POTH   BREWING  COMPANY 

One  of  the  largest  breweries  in  the  country  is  that  of  the  F.  A. 
Poth  Brewing  Company,  at  Thirty-first  and  Jelferson  streets,  Phila- 
delphia. It  was  established  in  1S65  and  incorporated  in  1877.  F.  A. 
Poth  is  the  president  of  the  company  and  F.  J.  Poth  the  secretary 
and  treasurer.  The  business  was  established  by  Mr.  F.  A.  Poth  at 
the  northeast  corner  of  Third  and  Green  streets  in  1S65.  The  first 
year  the  sales  amounted  to  only  800  barrels  and  the  whole  capital 
employed  was  but  5800.  The  business  steadily  increased,  and  in 
1871  he  moved  to  the]  present  location.  From  January  1,  1890,  to 
Januarv  I,  1S91,  the  sales  amounted  to  100,836  barrels.  The  firm 
are  to-dav  the  second  largest  house  in  Philadelphia  in  point  of  pro- 


There  are,  besides,  the  packing  room,  the  wash  house,  the  pitching 
house,  pitching  yard,  shipping  department, 'and.  of  course,  the  great 
malt  house.  The  firm  has  its  own  refrigerating  cars  markediwith  the 
firm's  name  for  the  shipment  of  beer  throughout  the  country.  Nat- 
urally in  the'eonduct  of  so  great  a  business  many  horses  and  wagons 
are  required,  and  the  stables  of  the  firm  arc  as  handsome  and  well 
arranged  as  can  be  imagined.  There  are  nearly  two  dozen  distinct 
departments  attached  to  the  brewery.  The  ice  machine  has  a  capac- 
ity of  200  tons  daily,  and  this  immense  output  insures  the  proper 
keeping  of  the  product.  Their  special  brand  is  the  Tivoli  Export, 
and  it  is  guaranteed  to  retain  its  quality  in  all  climates.  An  exten- 
sive branch  house  is  located  at  Trenton,  X.  J.,  andithe  firm  control 
a  verv  large  trade  throughout  that  State.     There  are  thirty-fire  hot- 


44« -J 


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BREW  HOUSE.     "  r^T  -inirnt     * 

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ttssf. 


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F.  A.  Poth   Brewing   Company's  Building 


duction  and  carry  the  largest  city  trade.  Last  year  while  the 
English  syndicate  was  endeavoring  to  buy  up  so  many  American 
breweries  the  F.  A.  Poth  Company  refused  $2, 500, 000  for  their 
plant.  Mr.  F.  A.  Poth  learned  the  business  of  beer  brewing  in 
this  country. 

F.  J.  Poth  has  grown  up  with  the  business,  and  to  his  valuable 
assistance  much  of  the  success  is  due.  The  numerous  office  build- 
ings are  spacious  and  handsome  and  very  conveniently  arranged 
for  all  departments.  They  were  erected  and  furnished  at  a  cost  of 
over  525,000.  A  general  view  of  the  plant  could  not  fail  to  give  the 
visitor  a  pretty  fair  idea  of  the  immense  business  done.  Nearly 
every  department  has  its  own  separate  home.  The  private  offices 
are  handsomely  and  even  luxuriously  furnished,  and  the  main  busi- 
ness office  is  supplied  with  every  convenience  for  its  purposes. 
Perhaps  to  the  visitor  the  most  interesting  of  all  the  departments 
would  be  the  refrigerating  machines  and  engine  rooms,  where 
every  modern  appliance  has  been  introduced.  Other  peculiar  inter- 
esting features  are  the  fermenting  rooms  and  the  beer  storage  cellars. 


tiers  of  this  beer  in  Philadelphia  and  numerous   others   scattered 
throughout  this  State  and  in  Xew  Jersey. 

Through  various  causes  the  consumption  of  bottled  beer  has 
increased  within  recent  years,  especially  by  families.  Very  fre- 
quently  the  beer  brewed  by  this  company  is  ordered  by  physicians 
for  their  patients.  Lager  beer  in  all  its  varieties  has  grown  steadily 
in  favor  with  the  American  people.  Within  a  comparatively  recent 
period  the  sales  have  increased  from  almost  nothing  to  the  enor- 
mous quantity  now  disposed  of.  Before  the  War  there  was  nothing 
like  the  quantity  of  beer  consumed  as  there  is  to-day.  Poth's 
beer  has  gained  a  large  share  of  popular  favor  at  all  the  seaside  re- 
sorts on  the  Xew  Jersey  coast  for  its  elegance  and  malty  flavor,  and 
the  demand  during  the  present  summer  has  grown  to  such 
proportions  as  to  tax  the  limit  of  the  immense  plant  of  the 
firm.  In  Philadelphia  the  number  of  retailers  who  dispense  Poth's 
beer  far  outnumber  the  customers  of  any  other  establishment,  and 
to  this  fact  the  linn  boast  with  merited  pride  for  the  genuineness  of 
their  production. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BREWING  AND  DISTILLING. 


WHITE,  HENTZ  &  CO. 

The  business  of  this  house  was  established  in  1793,  by  Philip 
Wager  at  the  location  now  occupied  by  the  firm,  Nos.  222  and  224 
North  Second  street.  White,  Hentz  &  Co.  is  the  oldest,  and  one  of 
the  most  prominent  and  reliable  firms  in  the  city,  and  its  record  of 
continuous  existence  of  nearly  one  hundred  years,  is  a  record 
almost  unparalleled  in  any  business  house  in  the  country,  and 
equalled  by  few  houses  in  Europe,  where  the  custom  prevails  to  a 
much  greater  extent  of  perpetuating  business  firms. 

In  1S10  the  house  became  known  as  Van  Sykel  &  Garrison. 
After  Mr.  Garrison's  retirement  the  firm  took  the  title  of  Van  Sykel 
&  Sons.  In  1S49,  William  R.  White  and  J.  Henry  Hentz  formed  a 
co-partnership  under  the  title  of  White  &  Hentz.  In  1S65  the  pres- 
ent stvle  was  adopted.  The  present  partners  are  J.  Henry  Hentz, 
J.  P.  Robinett  and  J.  Henry  Hentz,  Jr. 

The  history  of  this  house,  its 
rise  and  progress,  is  truly,  in  one 
sense,  identical  with  the  history  of 
the  citv.  At  the  establishment  of 
this  business,  Philadelphia  was  com- 
paratively a  small  town,  with  just 
such  enterprise  as  might  be  expected 
from  those  who  had  come  here  from 
the  oppressions  of  Europe.  The  site 
of  the  present  premises  of  this  firm 
was  then  the  society  resort  of  the 
citv,  where  now  there  is  little  but  the 
crush  of  drays  and  the  discordant 
shouts  of  drivers.  Mr.  J.  Henry 
Hentz,  the  senior  partner  of  this 
great  firm,  was  born  in  Philadelphia 
and  connected  himself  with  the  house 
when  a  voting  man,  and  was,  after 
establishing  his  position  by  display- 
ing his  ability  and  proving  his  per- 
sonal worth,  admitted  to  partnership 
in  1S49.  He  is  a  representative  busi- 
ness man  of  Philadelphia,  and  a  per- 
fect master  of  all  the  details  of  the 
business,  from  manufacturing  to 
finance,  and  it  may  be  stated  here 
that  this  house  is  different  from  many 
in  Philadelphia,  not  having  found  it 
necessarv  to  go  outside  for  expert 
assistance,  the  partners  by  long  ex- 
perience and  practical  knowledge,  in 
addition  to  the  jealousy  with  which 
they  guarded  the  reputation  of  their 
goods,  being  possessed  of  every  ne- 
cessarv requirement.  Mr.  Hentz  vis- 
ited Europe  in  1S79,  returning  in 
November,  1SS1.  During  his  trip  he 
visited  Rheiuis,  in  France  :  Cognac, 
so  celebrated  for  its  brandies  :  Rotter- 
dam, no  less  noted  for  its  gins  and 
schnapps  ;  Cadiz.  Spain's  great  sea- 
port, Oporto,  Portugal,  and  other 
cities.  In  every  respect  the  financial 
and  social  standing  of  Mr.  Hentz  is 
fullv  conceded. 

'Mr.  J.  P.  Robinett  is  a  Phila- 
delphian  bv  birth  and  education, 
and  here  it  may  be  said  that  all  the  members  of  the  firm  were  born 
in  the  Quaker  city.  He  became  connected  with  the  house  when 
very  young,  and  by  reason  of  his  untiring  efforts,  always  working 
for  the  best  interest  of  the  firm,  he  was  admitted  to  partnership  in 
1S65.  His  ability  as  an  expert,  sound  judgment  and  marked  apti- 
tude and  general  supervision  have  been  of  great  value  to  the  house. 
He  is  a  first  class  business  man  in  every  sense  of  the  term.  Mr.  J. 
Henry  Hentz,  Jr.,  son  of  the  senior  partner,  graduated  from  the 
Pennsylvania  University,  after  which  he  began  to  assist  his  father. 
He  has  proved  very  active  and  energetic  with  good  business  qualifi- 
cations, and  was  admitted  to  partnership  in  1SS5.  This  house  has 
always  been  one  of  the  most  persistent  advocates  of  selling  the  best 
goods,  and  has  aimed  always  to  carry  a  general  line  suited  to  the 
wants  of  the  trade.  Indeed  there  is  no  house  in  the  country  which 
carries  a  line  more  suited  to  the  demands  of  the  market  to  which  it 
caters  than  this.  Buying  on  the  most  extensive  scale  everything 
is  secured  at  the  very  lowest  figure,  they  thus  being  enabled  to  dis- 
pose of  their  goods  to  the  distributing  and  retail   trade  at  a  lower 


their  known  financial  stability  giving  them  many  advantages  in 
the  purchase  of  goods.  Their  facilities  are  such  that  they  are  able 
to  thoroughly  stock  without  leaving  their  premises  any  store  in 
the  country.  This  firm  makes  a  specialty  of  fine  high-grade 
whiskies,  and  imports  direct,  gins,  rums,  ports,  sherries,  etc.,  cater- 
ing to  the  best  trade,  and  enormous  stock  being  carried.  The  firm 
are  the  sole  proprietors  of  the  celebrated  Trimble  Whiskey,  intro- 
duced over  sixty  years  ago,  and  which  has  enjoyed  such  an  ex- 
tended reputation,  and  had  so  many  imitators.  This  whiskey  has 
continued  to  be  the  first  in  demand  for  the  finest  bar  and  drug  store 
trade.  Old  George  Trimble  brought  this  brand  over  the  Allegheny 
Mountains  on  a  Conestoga  wagon,  and  those  who  to-day  obtain 
their  best  qualities  of  whiskies  can  little  realize  the  anxieties  and 
perils  which  attended  the  introduction  to  this  part  of  the  country  of 
the  first  transportation.  The  quality  of  the  Trimble  Whiskies  has 
been  maintained  up  to  this  day,  and 
■  there  is  no  brand  superior  to  them  in 

v.::i . ■;'  ".-  the   United  States.     As  in  all  other 

makes  of  liquors,  prices  differ  with 
regard  to  age.  Knowing  the  value  of 
the  goods,  the  firm  have  pushed  the 
sale  with  commendable  energy,  and 
now  the  demand  is  not  only  its  own 
advertiser,  but  a  perfect  proof  of  the 
superiority  of  their  quality  and  the 
call  for  Trimble  Whiskey  has  in- 
creased to  such  an  extent  that  the 
facilities  for  the  manufacture  are 
being  taxed  to  the  utmost.  Fine 
imported  wines  is  a  prominent  de- 
partment of  the  business  of  the  house. 
The  steady  growth  of  the  firm's  trade 
in  sherries,  ports.  Madeiras  and  other 
wines  of  all  vintages  and  brands  is 
proof  of  their  superior  excellence. 
The  house  has  never  competed  with 
cheap  goods,  too  often  adulterated, 
but  has  made  the  motto  of  the  firm 
"The  Purest  and  Best."  During  the 
present  year,  as  in  past  years,  there 
has  been  a  steady  and  decided  in- 
crease in  the  volume  of  trade,  and 
the  prospects  for  a  continuance  were 
never  more  encouraging.  The  op- 
erations of  the  firm  extend  over  the 
entire  United  States,  with  shipments 
to  consumers  in  Europe,  with 
branches  in  New  York  City  and 
Washington,  D.  C. 

The  same  variety  and  high  class 
of  goods  are  to  be  obtained  at  these 
branch  establishments,  with  the  same 
honest  principles  as  characterize  the 
home  establishment.  Travelers  are 
constantly  employed  visiting  the 
various  sections  of  the  country.  The 
Philadelphia  trade  receives  special 
attention.  In  fact,  in  all  respects, 
the  house  ranks  as  one  of  the  leading  representative  liquor  houses 
in  the  country.  The  premises  of  the  firm  extend  back  to  Bread 
street,  a  distance  of  200  feet,  the  receiving  and  shipping  being  done 
in  the  rear.  The  location  is  the  best  that  could  be  desired  for  this 
firm's  business.  As  it  is,  the  site  is  one  of  the  most  interesting 
land-marks  of  Philadelphia,  and  should  not  be  overlooked  by  the 
seekers  after  local  antiquities.  The  front  on  Second  street,  erected 
in  i860,  No.  222,  presents  an  imposing  appearance,  the  design — 
executed  in  iron — being  both  artistic  and  substantial.  That  of  No. 
224  was  erected  in  1793.  The  rear  premises  of  No.  224  were  built 
in  iS^o,  and  those  in  the  rear  of  No.  222  are  upwards  of  ninety 
years  old.  All  are  four  story  buildings,  except  the  old  rear  one. 
All  these  additions  and  rebuildings  show  in  an  emphatic  manner 
the  growth  of  this  business,  and  the  utility  which  has  been  secured 


White,  Hentz  &  Company's  Warehouse 


price  than  those  whose  transactions  orabilities  are  not  so  extensive,      leaves  absolutely  nothing  to  be  desired, 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


BREWING  AND  DISTILLING. 


ALEXANDER  YOUNG  COMPANY,  Limited 

The  business  of  this  well  known  company  was  founded  in  1823 
by  Alexander  Young,  a  native  of  Ireland,  who  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1S21.  Having  some  knowledge  of  malt  distilling  and  de- 
siring to  perfect  himself  in  the  business,  he  entered  the  distillery 
belonging  to  J.  W.  Dover,  on  the  Schuylkill  river,  paying  a  bonus 
and  rendering  his  services  for  many  months  without  compensation. 
To-day  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  and  throughout  the  United 
States  the  name  of  Alexander  Young  is  known  aiiiou"  all  classes  of 
dealers  and  consumers  as  synonymous  with  all  that  indicates  the 
highest  quality;  purity,  and  the  finest  possible  selection  of  materi- 
als and  scientific  process  in  manufacturing  whiskey  for  medicinal 
and  ordinary  use. 

After  acquiring-  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  process  of  distil- 
lation as  then  carried  on,  Mr.  Young  went  into  business  at  the  cor- 
ner of  Fifth  and  Alaska  streets.  In  1S35  he  removed  to  the  prem- 
ises now  occupied,  Nos.  700  and  702  I'assvunk  avenue,  which  he 
rebuilt.  About  this  time  he  associated  with  himself  Mr.  John 
Maitland,  who  had  bought  the  property  known  as  the  "  Old  South 
Street  Theatre."  formerly  "Apollo,"  which  was  fitted  up  with  all 
the  necessary  appliances  for  distillation,  and  under  the  firm  name 
of  Maitland  &  Yroung  the  business  was  conducted  for  two  vears, 
when  Mr.  Maitland  withdrew  from  the  firm.  Mr.  Young  contin- 
ued the  business  until  1S37,  when  Mr.  William  J.  Maitland.  son  of 
John  Maitland,  was  taken  in  as  a  partner  under  the  firm  stvle  of 
Maitland  &  Young.  This  firm  existed  until  1X47,  when  it  was  ter- 
minated by  the  death  of  the  senior  partner.  The  firm  of  Maitland 
&  Young  made  important  discoveries  in  the  process  of  distil- 
lation, largely  increasing  the  quality  and  quantity  of  spirits  ob- 
tained from  grain. 

Upon  the  death  of  Mr.  \V.  J.  Maitland  the  business  came  under 
the  sole  control  of  Mr.  Young.  He  at  once  commenced  to  enlarge 
and  improve  the  plant,  adding  to  it  everything  that  could  augment 
its  value  in  the  way  of  working  to  increase  his  facilities,  and  con- 
tinued the  business  until  1SS4,  when  he  deceased,  flic  business 
was  then  conducted  by  the  son,  of  Mr.  Young  until  [SS7,  when  the 
present  company  was  organized,  with  Mr.  Lewis  T.  Young,  presi- 
dent;  Richard  Young,  vice-president:  Mr.  Wilson  Young,  secre- 
tary and  treasurer  ;  Mr.  James  P.  Young  and  L.  T.  Davison,  direc- 
tors. The  capital  stock  of  the  company  is  5291,000,  exclusive  of 
the  plant,  which  is  owned  by  the  heirs  of  Alexander  Young.  The 
premises  on  South  street  comprise  two  four  storv  warehouses,  one 
four  story  malt  house,  and  one  three  storv  distillery  fronting  on 
South  street  145  feet,  with  a  depth  of  about  200  feet.  There  arc  also 
a  boiler  and  engine  house  and  still  room  and  the  company's  offices 
on  the  premises.  The  materials  used  in  the  production  of  their 
whiskies  arc  the  best  rye,  corn,  and  wheat  to  be  had  in  the  market. 
An  artesian  well  on  the  premises  supplies  the  purest  water.  The. 
capacity  of  the  distillery  is  about  7,300  barrels  per  annum,  requiring 
the  daily  consumption  of  sonic  300  bushels  of  grain.  Every  im- 
provement in  machinery  and  in  the  process  of  distillation  that  has 
been  suggested  has  been  adopted,  and  it  is  safe  to  sav  that  in  every 
respect  this  company  is  possessed  of  the  best  means  and  methods  for 
distillation  of  pure  spirits  known  to  the  trade.  At  the  present  time 
two  new  steam  boilers  are  being  erected  with  a  70  horse  power  ca- 
pacity each.  The  premises  on  Passyuuk  avenue  are  used  for  stor- 
age, rectifying,  bottling,  and  salesrooms. 

The  great  specialty  of  the  firm  is  in  their  "  Y.  P.  M."  brand 
1  Young's  Pure  Malt),  which  was  made  and  first  produced  on  the 
market  in  1S54  by  Alexander  Young,  and  has  obtained  a  reputation 
for  excellence  and  purity  which  has  been  carefully  maintained  by 
his  successors,  until  throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  United 
States  it  is  held  in  the  highest  estimation  by  physicians  and  all 
others  who  appreciate  the  purest  as  well  as  the  finest  flavored  goods 
in  the  market. 

It  is  perfectly  pure,  free  from  any  chemical  adulteration,  made 
from  the  best  of  grain.  Their  whiskies  are  allowed  a  long  time 
to  ripen  before  offering  them  to  the  trade,  and  now  the  company  is 
having  a  fine  demaud  for  a  seven  year  old  whiskey  which  thev  have 
recently  offered  to  their  customers.  All  of  the  grain  used  is  malted 
on  the  premises.  Their  trade  extends  from  Maine  to  California  and 
everywhere  among  the  best  class  of  dealers  their  "  Y.  P.  M."  whis- 
key is  found. 

Mr.  Alexander  Young,  who  laid  the  foundations  on  which  this 
extensive  establishment  has  risen,  knew  full  well  that  his  success 
depended  upon  maintaining  among  his  competitors  a  reputation  for 
the  highest  standard  of  purity  and  excellence,  and  it  is  with  just 
pride  the  house  now,  as  ever  before,  can  challenge  comparison  with 
any  other  brands  in  the  market.  Mr.  Frederick  R.  West.  78  Wall 
street,  New  York,  well  known  in  the  trade,  has  supervision  of  the 
business  of  the  house  in  New  York. 


MOORE  &  S1NNOTT 


Pennsylvania  industries  include  several  of  a  diversified  char- 
acter and  of  national  importance  as  regards  their  product  coming 
into  successful  competition  with  foreign  importations.  Such,  for 
example,  is  the  case  with  Messrs.  Moore  &  Sinnott,  proprietors  of 
the  Gibsonton  Mills  Distillery,  with  headquarters  at  No.  232  and 
234  South  Front  street,  in  this  city.  This  firm  has  achieved  a 
national  reputation  for  the  superiority,  puritv  and  excellent  quality 
of  its  whiskies,  which  from  a  small  beginning  earlv  developed  into 
a  large  and  growing  industry.  The  superiority  and  puritv  of  their 
whiskies,  recommended  them  to  the  best  classes  of  the  trade  and 
consumers  all  over  the  United  States.  The  vast  progress  made  bv 
the  American  distillery  interests  has  in  this  connection  an  excellent 
illustration  in  the  operations  of  this  celebrated  firm.  This  great 
establishment  was  founded  in  the  year  1837,  it  has  had  half  a  ccnturv 
and  over  of  honorable  success  vouchsafed  to  but  few  commercial 
undertakings.  The  late  John  Gibson,  the  founder,  was  a  thorough 
master  of  the  business  in  all  its  branches. 

The  linn  was  for  a  lengthy  period  kuown  as  that  of  John  Gibson's 
Son  &  Co..  and  its  record  is  one  of  honorable  effort  and  continuous 
enlargement  of  its  facilities  to  meet  the  ever  growing  demand,  until 
in  iS.S4,  the  junior  partners,  Mr.  Andrew  M.  Moore  ami  Mr.  Joseph 
F.  Sinnott.  became  sole  proprietors  of  the  various  important  interests 
and  as  successors  to  the  old  firm  have  energetically  continued  the 
business,  ever  maintaining  their  product  at  the  original  high  stand- 
ard of  excellence  and  annually  increasing  theirsales.  A  fact  which 
speaks  volumes  as  to  the  purity  of  these  liquors,  is  that  thev  are 
generally  used  in  the  hospitals  of  this  citv  and  State,  and  are  pre- 
scribed by  the  medical  profession. 

The  distilleries  are  favorably  located  at  Gibsonton  on  the  Monon- 
gahela River,  in  Westmoreland  county,  and  constitute  a  scries  of 
the  largest  size  and  most  substantially  constructed  buildings,  fitted 
up  in  the  most  elaborate  manner,  with  all  the  modern  appliances. 
and  in  every  way  the  most  perfectly  equipped  establishment  of  the 
kind  in  the  country.  Extensive  kilns  and  malt-houses  adjoin  the 
distillery,  only  the  finest  grain  that  can  be  procured  is  used,  and 
after  being  carefully  kiln-dried,  in  conjunction  with  pure  barley- 
malt,  form  the  ingredients  of  the  distillation  of  their  celebrated 
pure  Monongahela  rye,  wdieat  and  malt  whiskies.  The  operations 
are  conducted  in  the  most  skillful  manner,  and  the  Gibsonton  whis- 
kies have  been  the  popular  favorites  both  as  to  quality  and  flavor. 
The  distilleries  afford  steady  employment  for  upwards  of  125 
men,  and  have  the  capacity  of  one  hundred  barrels  per  day.  The 
firm's  mercantile  facilities  are  equally  perfect.  The  principal 
offices  and  warehouses  are  situated  at  Nos.  232  and  234  South  Front 
street,  comprising  a  four  story  and  basement  building,  60  x  200  feet 
in  dimensions,  and  where  a  large  and  choice  stock  of  their  whiskey 
is  always  carried. 

In  addition  to  their  Philadelphia  house,  the  firm  have  agencies 
in  the  principal  trade  centres  elsewhere,  as  follows  :  New  York,  No. 
60  Broad  street;  Boston.  No.  160  State  street;  New  Orleans.  102 
Poydras  street ;  San  Francisco.  No.  314  Sacramento  street ;  and  in 
Charleston.  South  Carolina,  and  Savannah  and  Augusta.  Georgia. 
An  export  trade  is  also  done,  which  is  annually  increasing. 

The  firm  has  on  hand  the  largest  and  best  stock  of  choice  old 
whiskies  in  the  United  States.  This  is  an  important  consideration 
to  buyers  ;  recognizing  this  fact,  Messrs  Moore  &  Sinnott  have  at 
command  a  storage  capacity  in  heated  bonded  warehouses  of  the 
enormous  total  of  sixty-live  thousand  barrels.  Their  customers 
realize  their  merits  in  comparison  with  other  aspirants  for  public 
favor,  and  it  need  hardly  be  added  that  the  Gibsonton  Monongahela 
brands  permanently  maintain  the  lead  both  for  fine  bar  trade,  family 
use  and  medicinal  purposes.  Mr.  Andrew  M.  Moore  has  been  iden- 
tified with  American  distillery  interests  for  upwards  of  forty-five 
years  past,  ami   Mr.  Joseph  F.  Sinnott  for  upwards  of  thirty  years. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


SHIP  BUILDING  AND  ENGINE  WORKS. 


WILLIAM  CRAMP  &  SONS  SHIP  AND  ENGINE  BUILDING 
COMPANY 

William  Cramp  &  Sons  Ship  and  Engine  Building  Company 
have  the  most  complete,  extensive  and  famous  establishment  of 
its  kind  in  the  United  States.  Its  plant  comprises  not  only  the 
Main  Works  at  Beach  and  Ball  streets,  having  a  front  on  the  Dela- 
ware river  of  1,000  feet  with  a  depth  of  700  feet,  and  the  adjacent 
Port  Richmond  Iron  Works,  recently  purchased  from  I.  P.  Morris 
&  Co.,  but  a  marine  railway  and  one  of  the  largest  dry  docks  in  the 
country,  located  at  the  foot  of  Palmer  street,  having  a  basin  that 
permits  the  entrance  of  vessels  450  feet  long  with  a  draft  of  20  feet, 
and  centrifugal  pumps  capable  of  discharging  120,000  gallons  a 
minute  and  emptying  the  basin  in  forty-five  minutes.  To  these 
may  be  added  fifty-seven  acres  of  land  recently  acquired  near  the 
confluence  of  the  Delaware 
and  Schuylkill  rivers,  where 
in  the  near  future  it  is  proba- 
ble ship-building  and  engine 
works  with  immense  docks 
will  be  erected  that  will  be  the 
peer  in  extent  of  any  in  the 
world.  The  present  works,  it 
is  needless  to  add,  are  fitted 
up  with  all  the  tools  and  ma- 
chines that  are  needed  for  the 
speedy  execution  of  work, 
many  of  them  being  the  in- 
vention of  various  members  of 
the  company,  or  modifications 
made  by  them,  and  as  a  con- 
sequence are  unique  with  this 
establishment.  Over  3,000 
hands  are  employed  by  the 
company,  including  300  ship- 
wrights, 500  riveters,  300  join- 
ers, So  riggers,  450  machinists, 
700  blacksmiths  and  iron  work- 
ers, 65  draughtsmen,  33  clerks, 
and  the  weekly  pay  roll  aggre- 
gates over  530,000. 

These  works,  to  which  no 
adequate  justice  can  be  done 
w  i  t  h  i  n  our  circumscribed 
space,  are  the  outgrowth  of 
a  small  establishment  founded 
in  1S30  by  William  Cramp, 
with  a  capital  saved  from  his  earnings  as  a  journeyman  ship  car- 
penter. For  thirty  years  they  were  devoted  to  the  construction  and 
repair  of  wooden  vessels ;  but  about  1S60  the  construction  of  wooden 
craft  was  discontinued,  and  the  attention  of  the  firm  was  given 
entirely  to  iron  vessels,  in  which  it  has  made  a  reputation  familiar 
to  every  maritime  country  in  the  world. 

Until  recently  they  were  employed  almost  exclusively  in  the 
construction  of  merchant  vessels.  The  list  of  well-known  craft  of 
this  class  built  at  these  works  is  entirely  too  long  for  insertion  here, 
but  we  may  mention  the  side  wheel  steamers,  "Cetus,"  "  Persus." 
"  Pegasus"  and  "Taurus,"  running  between  New  York  and  Conev 
Island;  the  steamers  "Mariposa"  and  "Alameda,"  at  present  run- 
ning between  San  Francisco  and  Sydney,  Australia ;  the  "  Korean" 
for  the  Wilder  Steamship  Company  of  Honolulu;  the  "San  Pedro" 
and  "San  Pablo,"  for  the  Pacific  trade  between  Panama  and  the 
Golden  Gate  ;  the  twin  screw  vertical  triple  expansion  transport 
"Monmouth,"  for  the  Central  Railroad  of  New  Jersey,  which  has 
a  speed  of  iS/j  knots;  the  vertical  triple  expansion  steamers  "  Iro- 


quois" and  "Algonquin,"  for  Clyde's  Line  between  New  York  and 
Charleston;  the  "El  Mar"  (3531  tons),  and  the  "El  Sol"  (4300 
tons),  running  between  New  York  and  New  Orleans  ;  the  Red  "  D" 
line  steamships  between  New  York  and  Venezuela;  the  "  Henry 
M.  Whitney,"  for  the  Metropolitan  Steamship  Company,  between 
New  York  and  Boston,  and  the  "  Essex,"  for  the  Merchants'  and 
Miners'  Transportation  Company,  running  between  Baltimore  and 
Boston.  To  these  may  be  added  the  steam  yachts  "  Corsair,"  for  J. 
Pierpont  Morgan,  of  New  York;  the  "Atalanta,"  for  Jay  Gould, 
Esq.,  and  the  "Peerless,"  built  for  their  own  account  to  test  a  new 
principle  in  marine  engineering. 

When  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  broke  out  the  Government  Navy 
Yards  were  wholly  inadequate  to  supply  the  vessels  demanded  bv 
the  situation,  and  the  Government  officials  called  upon  the  Cramps 
for  help.     They  responded  promptly,  patriotically  and  efficientlv, 
and  in  a  short  time  turned  out 
the    monitor     "Yazoo,"     the 
steam  frigate  "Chattanooga," 
of  3,500  tons,   and  above  all 
the   "New   Ironsides,"  which 
rendered  such  efficient  service 
before    Forts  Fisher,  Wagner, 
Sumter    and    Moultrie.     This 
was   the   first  broad-side  iron- 
clad  or   armored    man-of-war 
ever  launched  in  the   United 
States,  and  was  the  wonder  of 
naval    architects    and    of   the 
great    naval    powers.     To   the 
Cramps  also  belongs  the  credit 
of  having  built  the  only  pas- 
senger steamships   plying  be- 
tween   Europe    and    America 
that  carry  the  American  flag. 
The  history  of  the  American 
Steamship  Uine  is  well  known, 
but  it  is  not  so  well  known  that 
though  the  price  of  American 
iron  had  risen  thirty  per  cent, 
before    the    'Pennsylvania," 
"Ohio,"  "  Indiana"  and  "  Illi- 
nois "   were  completed,  there 
was  no  suggestion  of  default, 
and  the  ships   were   delivered 
on  time  and  in  thorough  ac- 
cord with  the  terms  of  the  con- 
tract.    These   vessels,    with  a 
tonnage  of  3,125  each,  have,  during  the  last  twenty  years,  carried 
thousands  of  passengers  with  perfect  safety  and  comfort,  and  hun- 
dreds of  thousands  of  tons  of  valuable  freight  at  an  average  speed, 
winter  and  summer,  equal  to  any  of  their  class  built  by  foreign  firms. 
In   1872  the  Cramps  constructed  for  the  steamship  "George 
W.  Clyde  "  the  first  two  crank  compound  engine  in  America,  and  its 
advantages  as  an  economizer  of  fuel  were  so  manifest  that  it  at  once 
dominated  the  construction  of  simple  engines,  and  all  other  Ameri- 
can ship-builders  were  compelled  to  follow  Cramps'  lead.     For  a 
period  of  fourteen  years  the  development  of  the  compound  engine 
was  steadily   pushed    to    its   climax  of  air-tight  fire  room,    forced 
draught  and  the  highest  boiler  pressure  consistent  with  economy  in 
double  expansion  until  the  limit  was  reached  in  the  construction  of 
Jay  Gould's  celebrated  steam  yacht,  the  "Atalanta."     Then  the  firm 
took  a  step  forward  by  testing  in  the  construction  of  the  steam 
yacht  "  Peerless,"  built  for  their  own  account,  the  practicability  of 
advancing  from  two  to  three  expansions  of  working  steam.     The 
experiment   was   so   satisfactory — as   the   "Peerless"  developed  a 


William   Cramp 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHI  LA  DELPHI ANS. 


SHIP  BUILDING  AND  ENGINE  WORKS. 


speed  of  17 '4  knots  au  hour,  making  her  the  fastest  vacht  of  her 
time  and  class — that  no  room  was  left  for  argument  as  to  the 
efficiency  of  the  new  system,  and  though  a  few  merchant  ships 
were  afterwards  built  by  them  with  ordinary  compound  engines 
they  were  duplicates  of  earlier  vessels,  and  none  but  triple  expan- 
sion engines  are  now  designed  or  recommended  by  the  company. 

In  1876  the  Russian  officials  who  were  visiting  the  Centennial 
Exhibition  were  so  impressed  by  what  they  saw  at  the  Cramps' 
yard  that  they  persuaded  the  Czar's  government  to  send  the  cor- 
vette "  Craysser  "  there  to  be  overhauled.  Subsequently,  when  the 
war  cloud  hung  over  the  Orient,  and  Britain  sent  her  fleet  to  Con- 
stantinople to  take  care  of  the  "sick  man  of  Turkey,"  Russia  had 
three  more  vessels  built  at  the  Cramps'  yard — -the  "Europa," 
"Asia,"  and  the  famous  "  Zabiaca,"  which  won  the  admiration  of 
the  Muscovite  Navy  by  her  graceful  lines  and  unusual  speed  of 
15  ' .  knots  an  hour. 

The  achievements  of  the 
Cramps  in  demonstrating  the 
existence  of  a  plant  capable  01 
turning  out  promptly  domestic 
war  ships  equal  to  the  best  of 
foreign  construction,  had  no 
doubt  its  influence  upon  Con- 
gress in  inducing  the  appropri- 
ation of  large  sums  of  money 
for  a  new  navy,  and  when  the 
bill  was  passed  and  the  call  was 
made  for  the  new  ships  thev 
promptly  responded.  Messrs. 
Cramp  &  Sons  have  already 
completed  and  launched  the 
double  turreted  monitor 
"Terror."  the  cruiser  "York- 
town,''  the  protected  cruisers 
"  Philadelphia,"  "  Baltimore  " 
and  "  Newark,"  and  the  pneu- 
matic dynamite  gun  cruiser 
"  Vesuvius."  These  comprise 
nearly  half  of  the  new  navy 
afloat  and  represent  a  tonnage 
of  15,245,  a  total  horse  power 
of  32, 000,  and  a  cost  at  contract 
price  of  54,728,000.  In  all  of 
these  vessels  the  contract  re- 
quirements were  exceeded,  the 
builders  receiving  more  than 
5300,000  in  premiums  fo  r 
excess  in  speed  or  power,  which  is  the  best  possible  proof  of  the 
high  class  of  work  performed  by  the  company.  They  have  now  on 
the  stocks  five  of  the  largest  American  men-of-war  ever  built — the 
battle  ships  "Indiana"  and  "  Massachusetts,"  the  "  New  York  " 
or  Cruiser  No.  2,  Cruiser  No.  12.  nicknamed  at  the  yard  the  "Pi- 
rate," and  Cruiser  No.  13,  a  duplicate  of  No.  12.  These  will  have 
an  aggregate  tonnage  of  43,696,  a  horse  power  of  76,000,  and  cost 
the  Government  without  premiums  514,440,000. 

The  battle  ships  "Indiana"  and  "Massachusetts"  will  be  34S  feet 
long  on  water  line,  69'+  feet  in  breadth,  with  a  displacement  of  10,29s 
tons,  and  a  guaranteed  speed  of  15  knots.  The  engines  are  twin 
screw  of  the  vertical,  triple  expansion,  direct  acting,  inverted 
cylinder  type,  placed  in  water  tightcompartments  separated  by  bulk- 
heads. There  are  four  double  ended  and  two  single  ended  auxiliary 
steel  boilers  of  the  horizontal  return  fire-tube  type.  The  battery  will 
consist  of  four  13-inch  B.  L.  R.,  eight  S-inch  B.  L.  R.,  four  6-inch  B. 
L.  R.,  twenty  6-pounders,  and  four  Catlings.  They  are  designed  for 
great  fighting  power  united  with  adequate  protection,  able  to  take  the 


sea  in  all  weathers  and  with  draught  suited  to  shallow  waters.     The 
contract  price  of  each  of  these  battle  ships  is  53,020,000. 

The  "New  York,"  or  armored  cruiser,  No.  2,  which  will  be  com- 
pleted on  or  before  January  1,  1S93,  will  be  a  four  decked  vessel, 
380  feet  6'<  inches  long,  of  8150  tons,  16,000  horse-power,  and  will 
have  boilers  of  the  extraordinary  diameter  of  15.9  feet  requiring  a 
shell  plate  thickness  of  1.32  inches,  and  weighing  70  tons  each  when 
ready  for  installation  on  board  ship.  She  will  be  able  to  carry 
enough  coal  for  a  continuous  voyage  of  13,000  miles  without  reload- 
ing, and  is  built  to  clear  the  sea  of  an  enemy's  commerce  and  any 
commerce  destroyer  he  may  send  out.  It  is  confidently  believed 
the  "  New  York"  will  be  the  fastest  and  most  powerful  protected 
cruiser  afloat,  and  for  general  purposes  of  service  in  war  will  have 
a  wider  field  of  usefulness  than  any  other  ship  designed  for  our 
navy.     The  contract  price  is  52,985,000. 

Protected  cruisers,  Nos.  12 
and  13,  duplicates  of  each 
other,  are  designed  to  be  the 
fastest  cruisers  in  the  navv. 
They  are  unique  in  many  re- 
spects, especially  in  their  ma- 
chinery, and  are  the  first  ves- 
sels of  their  size  to  which  three 
screws  have  been  applied. 
Their  length  will  be  412  feet, 
breadth  58  feet,  tonnage,  7,475  ; 
horse-power,  21,000;  with  a 
guaranteed  speed  of  21  knots. 
Each  vessel  will  have  three  sets 
of  triple  expansion  engines, 
driving  three  screws,  tiic  third 
screw  placed  between  and  be- 
low the  other  two,  and  the 
engines  will  be  arranged  in 
three  separate  water-tight  com- 
partments, each  complete  in 
itself,  so  that  if  two  arc  dis- 
abled the  third  can  still  propel 
the  ship.  The  batterv  will 
consist  of  one  S-inch  B.  L.  R., 
two  6-inch  B.L- R.  eight  4-inch 
B.  I..  R..  two  6  pounders,  and 
four  I  pounders.  The  contract 
price  of  No.  12  is  52.725,000, 
and  of  No.  13  is  521690,000. 

Since  1871  the  William 
Cramp  S:  Sons  Ship  and  En- 
gine Building  Co.  has  been  incorporated,  and  has  now  an  authorized 
capital  of  55,000,000,  of  which  53. 94°, 000  has  been  issued.  The 
company,  as  at  present  organized,  includes  the  names  of  no  less  than 
ten  descendants  of  the  eminent  founder  of  the  establishment.  The 
President  and  directing  mind  of  the  company  is  Mr.  Charles  H. 
Cramp;  Mr.  Henry  W.  Cramp  is  the  Secretary  and  Treasurer;  Mr. 
Edwin  S.  Cramp,  the  Superintending  Engineer,  and  Mr.  Lewis 
Nixon,  late  Naval  Constructor  United  States  Navy,  is  the  naval 
architect.  Mr.  Charles  H.  Cramp  is  a  practical  shipbuilder,  having 
served  an  apprenticeship  with  his  uncle,  John  Byerlv,  before  he 
entered  his  father's  employ.  All  his  younger  brothers  are  also 
practical  shipwrights.  The  organization  of  the  establishment  is 
complete,  and  each  of  the  prominent  members  has  the  position 
for  which  his  tastes  and  qualifications  peculiarly  fit  him.  The  force 
of  workmen  includes  many  men  of  long  experience  in  the  business, 
and  no  yard  in  the  world  has  more  intelligent  engineers  for  con- 
ducting the  work.  Ascher  Lawson  remarked  in  his  article  on 
"  Ship-building  on  the  Delaware,"  written  for  Harper' s  Weekly  : 
"  It  is  a  great  industrial  establishment,  founded  by  an  American  me- 
chanic, maintained  by  his  descendants  in  the  same  broad  spirit  of 
economy,  enterprise,  and  integrity,  and  of  which  Philadelphia  and 
the  whole  country  can  well  be  proud." 


Charles  H.  Cramp 


PHILADELPHIA  AMD  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


RAILROADS,  Etc. 


PENNSYLVANIA    RAILROAD 

In  a  country  which  can  boast  of  a  larger  mileage  of  railroads 
than  any  other  nation  on  the  face  of  the  globe,  the  Pennsylvania 
Railroad  owns  and  controls  by  far  the  largest  area  and  it  is  safe  to 
say  that  it  is  the  largest  and  richest  corporation  in  the  world.  It 
has  been  an  incalculable  benefit  to  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  and 
it  has  by  its  enterprise  and  push  reached  out  its  arms  until  it 
carries  civilization  and  commerce  to  the  cities  and  seaports  of  the 
far  West  and  the  sunny  South. 

This  wonderful  and  gigantic  organization  has  reached  its  power 
and  marvellous  height  of  prosperty  within  the  short  space  of  half 
a  century.  It  was  first  suggested  and  advocated  at  a  public  meeting 
held  in  the  Chinese  Museum  in  this  city  in  1845,  out  the  plans  did 
not  materialize  until  nearly  a  year  later.  The  act  of  incorporation 
for  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company  was  passed  on  April  13, 
1846.  The  capital  was  fixed  at  $7,500,000  with  the  privilege  of  in- 
creasing it  to  $10,000,000  and  the  plan  was  for  a  road  to  be  built  to 
connect  with  the  Harrisburg,  Portsmouth,  Mount  Joy  and  Lan- 
caster Railroad  and  to  run  to  Pittsburg  or  to  Erie.  Little  confi- 
dence was  placed  in  the  scheme  at  first,  and  a  house  to  house  can- 
vass was  made  to  obtain  the  necessary  capital  to  start  the  operation. 
At  last,  on  February  25,  1S47,  Governor  Strank  granted  the  Charter 
and  the  Pennsylvania    Railroad  Company  became  an  actual  fact. 

John  Edgar  Thomson,  who  had  been  the  prime  mover  and  who 
acted  as  Chief  Engineer  of  the  line  was  made  the  first  President,  and 
entered  upon  his  duties  in  the  early  part  of  the  year  1847.  In 
the  same  year  the  City  of  Philadelphia  subscribed  $2  500,000  and 
the  County  of  Allegheny  Si, 000, 000.  Work  was  at  once  started 
and  by  the  energy  of  Mr.  Thomson  the  line  was  soon  completed  in 
sections.  On  September  1,  1S49,  the  first  division,  extending  from 
Harrisburg  to  Lewistown,  a  distance  of  sixty-one  miles,  was  opened. 
A  year  later,  on  September  17,  1850,  the  line  to  Mountain  House 
was  opened,  and  connection  thereby  made  with  the  State  Portage 
Road  over  the  Alleghenies.  In  August,  185 1,  twenty-one  miles 
west  from  Johnstown  were  finished,  and  on  December  10,  1S52 
cars  were  run  through  from  Philadelphia  to  Pittsburg.  The  road, 
under  the  personal  supervision  of  Mr.  Thomson,  was  constructed  in 
the  best  manner  possible  and  with  all  the  modern  improvements. 
It  was  then  and  it  is  now  the  most  perfect  line  in  America,  if  not 
in  the  world. 

This  great  work  was  not  completed,  however,  without  encoun- 
tering and  overcoming  many  difficulties  and  obstacles.  The  taxes 
demanded  by  the  State  were  burdensome  and  when  the  line  was 
completed  the  original  shareholders,  tired  of  waiting  for  a  return 
of  their  investments,  demanded  the  sale  of  the  road  and  a  division 
of  the  money  realized.  At  length  after  a  long  fight  with  the  Legis- 
lature and  the  original  shareholders,  and  repeated  demands  for  the 
repeal  of  the  tonnage  tax,  on  August  1,  1S57,  the  Governor  by  pro- 
clamation transferred  the  main  line  to  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad 
Company  for  the  sum  of  $9,000,000,  and  with  relief  from  all  taxes 
on  tonnage  or  freight  carried  over  the  road.  This  unfortunately  did 
not  end  the  trouble  as  the  Supreme  Court  declared  the  act  of  the 
Governor  unconstitutional.  The  Companv  then  declined  to  pav 
the  tonnage  tax  and  held  it  for  further  legal  deliberation.  After  six 
years  of  litigation  the  matter  was  finally  settled  by  the  Pennsvl- 
vania  agreeing  to  pay  $13,570,000  for  the  purchase  of  the  main  line 
and  the  repeal  of  all  taxes. 

The  Company  now  had  for  the  first  time  a  clear  field  before 
it  and  President  Thomson  devoted  all  his  energies  to  improving 
the  line  and  increasing  its  ramifications  by  the  gradual  acqui- 
sition of  branch  lines  and  extensions.  During  the  war  the  various 
lines  of  the  Company  were  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  Gov- 
ernment and  proved  a  valuable  means  of  transporting  troops. 
Colonel  Thomas  A.  Scott,  Vice  President  of  the  Companv,  for 
his  services  and   activity,  was  made  Assistant   Secretary  of  War 


and  was  one  of  the  most  trusted  colleagues  of  President  Lincoln. 
At  the  close  of  the  war  the  executive  again  devoted  its  attention 
to  improvements  and  extensions.  In  1S64  it  introduced  steel 
rails  all  along  the  lines,  and  developed  their  manufacture  in  this 
country  until  some  of  the  largest  steel  works  in  the  world  were 
built  up.  Many  uew  lines  were  also  leased,  the  principal  acquisi- 
tions being  in  1864,  when  connecting  lines  were  laid  from  Pittsburg 
to  the  West  and  the  construction  of  roads  was  continued  until  the 
Pennsylvania  Road  possessed  the  most  complete  western  connec- 
tions on  the  continent,  and  its  facilities  for  the  expeditious  and 
economic  movement  of  passengers  and  freight  became  superior  to 
any  other  line.  On  December  1,  1871,  the  Company  obtained  a 
direct  line  to  New  York  by  leasing  the  united  Companies  of  New 
Jersey  for  a  term  of  999  years,  and  in  1873  by  acquiring  the 
Northern  Central  Road  and  completing  the  Baltimore  and  Potomac 
Railroad  a  direct  line  to  Washington  through  Baltimore  was  ob- 
tained. 

The  Company  sustained  a  severe  loss  on  May  27,  1874,  by  the 
death  of  President  Thomson  who  had  so  wisely  guided  the  affairs 
of  the  corporation  through  all  its  troubles  and  tribulations,  and  who 
had  lived  to  see  his  great  project  fairly  launched  on  the  full  tide  of 
prosperty  and  success.  Colonel  Thomas  A.  Scott  was  elected  to  the 
Presidential  chair  and  he  brought  the  Company  to  the  pinnacle  of 
its  wonderful  career.  In  June,  1880,  he  resigned  his  high  position 
on  account  of  ill  health  and  was  succeeded  by  the  present  incumbent, 
Mr.  George  B.  Roberts,  who  has  proved  himself  capable  of  continu- 
ing the  great  work  done  by  his  two  distinguished  predecessors. 

Such  is  the  brief  history  of  one  of  the  greatest  corporations  of 
the  world.  From  a  comparatively  humble  beginning  it  has  de- 
veloped and  grown  until  its  powers  are  well  nigh  illimitable  and 
its  wealth  incalculable.  Some  idea  of  the  magnitude  of  the  opera- 
tions of  the  company  at  the  present  time  can  be  gleaned  by  the 
facts  stated  in  the  last  report  of  the  Board  of  Directors.  The  lines 
embraced  in  the  system  composed  in  the  three  divisions  operated 
by  the  company  east  of  Pittsburgh  and  Erie, — the  Pennsylvania  Rail- 
road Division,  the  United  Railroads  of  New  Jersev,  including  the 
Delaware  and  Raritan  Canal,  and  the  Philadelphia  and  Erie  Rail- 
road,— cover  an  aggregate  of  2,435  miles  of  railroad  and  66  miles  of 
canal.  Then  there  are  the  branches,  West  Jersey  and  Camden  and  At- 
lantic ;  Philadelphia.  Wilmington  and  Baltimore  ;  Northern  Central, 
Northwest  System,  Southwest  System,  Grand  Rapids  and  Indiana, 
and  Cincinnati,  Richmond  and  Fort  Wayne.  In  forty-four  vears  the 
system  has  grown  until  it  is  now  composed  of  120  corporations,  uearlv 
all  in  good  financial  condition,  and  representing  nearlv  8,000  miles 
of  railroad  and  canal ;  with  a  bonded  capital  of  over  $700,000,000. 
which,  in  1890,  earned  more  than  $133,000,000  gross,  moved  over 
137,000,000  tons  of  freight,  and  84,000,000  passengers,  and  requires 
nearly  50,000  cars  for  transportation.  Its  work-shops  cover  an 
area  of  over  700  acres  and  it  employs  an  army  of  100.000  emplovees, 
many  of  them  mechanics  and  experts  of  the  highest  skill.  It  has 
developed  mines,  created  manufactories  and  established  commerce 
and  it  hesitates  at  no  project,  however  stupendous,  which  has  for 
its  object  the  good  of  the  country  and  the  people. 

The  constitution  of  the  executive  staff  at  the  present  time  is  as 
follows  :  President,  George  B.  Roberts  ;  First  Vice-President.  Frank 
Thomson  ;  Second  Vice-President,  J.  N.  Du  Barry  ;  Third  Vice- 
President,  John  P.  Green;  Treasurer,  Robert  W.  Smith;  Gene- 
ral Solicitor,  John  Scott;  Secretary,  John  C.  Sims;  Directors. 
George  B.  Roberts,  Alexander  M.  Fox,  Alexander  Biddle,  N. 
Parker  Shortridge,  Henry  D.  Welsh,  William  L.  Elkins,  H.  H. 
Houston,  A.  J.  Cassatt,  C.  A.  Griscom,  B.  B.  Comegys,  Amos  R. 
Little,  W.  H.  Barnes,  George  Wood,  Frank  Thomson,  J.  N.  Du 
Barry,  and  John  P.  Green. 

Notwithstanding  the  many  thousands  of  work  people  in  the 
pay  of  the  company,  the  officers  have  at  all  times  carefully  looked 
after  the  welfare  of  those  under  them.  The  Pennsylvania  Railroad 
is  the  only  corporation  which  has  a  regularly  established  relief  and 
saving  fund  and  both  institutions  have  thrived  and  prospered  won- 
derfully. The  Employees'  Relief  Fund  has  a  membership  of  24,984, 
and  during  the  year  the  large  sum  of  $440,103.83  was  paid  out  for 
death  benefits  ami  for  sickness  and  accidents.  The  Employees' 
Saving  Fund  is  also  a  verv  popular  institution.  The  number  of 
depositors  in  1S90  was  2.590  and  the  amount  of  deposits  aggregated 
$344,152.  It  is  the  spirit  that  thus  looks  after  the  well-being  of  its 
dependents  that  has  helped  to  bring  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  to 
the  exalted  position  its  holds  both  in  the  commercial  world  and  as 
a  well  managed  and  perfectly  equipped  corporation.  In  the  space 
allotted  to  this  sketch  full  justice  cannot  be  done  to  so  great  an 
undertaking,  but  it  is  a  fact  that  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  has 
been  one  of  the  principal  levers  to  raise  the  State  from  which  it 
takes  its  name  to  importance  and  wealth,  and  it  has  been  a  great 
factor  in  beautifying  and  improving  the  good  City  of  Philadelphia. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


RAILROADS,  Etc 


THE  READING  RAILROAD 

The  Reading  Railroad  is  one  of  the  leading  factors  in  the  pros- 
peritv  of  both  this  City  and  State.  Pennsylvania  can  justly  boast  of 
being  one  of  the  richest  of  the  commonwealths  in  the  Union  ;  and 
among  the  many  things  to  which  the  inhabitants  of  the  Keystone 
State  can  point  with  pardonable  pride  and  satisfaction  are  the 
splendid  railway  systems  which  gridiron  the  territory  embraced 
within  its  borders  and  which  have  done  so  much  to  develop  its 
great  natural  resources.  One  of  the  most  important  of  these  lines 
is  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad,  the  history  of  which 
company  is  so  closely  allied  and  interwoven  with  that  of  the  State 
itself  that  one  would  be  incomplete  without  reference  to  the  other. 
This  great  highway,  with  its  numerous  branches  and  connections, 
forms  a  perfect  network  of  steel  in  Eastern  Pennsylvania,  reaching 
almost  every  city  in  that  portion  of  the  State  and  carries  to  market 
the  products  of  the  vast  and  important  industries  that  are  located 
on  or  adjacent  to  its  lines. 

The  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad  Company  was  incor- 
porated in  1S33,  and  the  first  train  was  run  over  its  tracks  between 
Philadelphia  and  Reading  in  1S39.  By  successive  extensions  and 
acquisitions  it  has  grown  from  a  small  coal  road  and  local  line  of 
less  than  sixtv  miles  in  length  to  its  present  magnificent  propor- 
tions and  taken  its  rank  as  one  of  the  most  important  of  the  great 
transportation  lines  of  the  country  ;  operating,  at  the  present  time, 
a  svstcm  covering  2,344  miles  of  tracks,  its  tonnage  mileage  in 
1SS9  having  been  over  fifteen  hundred  million  tons.  The  success 
of  the  company  is  very  largely  due  to  the  fact  that  those  at  the 
helm  believe  that  "what  is  worth  doing  at  all  is  worth  doing  well," 
and  the  manner  in  which  the  business  of  the  Company  has  been 
conducted  and  the  improvements  which  have  been  inaugurated  or 
consummated  within  recent  years,  are  an  evidence  that  it  is  the 
determination  of  the  management,  to  place  and  keep  the  Reading 
in  the  fore  front  with  the  great  transportation  lines  of  the  country. 

The  first  annual  report  of  the  Company  in  which  the  receipts 
were  given  was  that  for  the  year  ending  December  31 ,  1842.  when 
thev  amounted,  as  therein  stated,  to  but  >2oo.olo,  while  for  the 
vear  ending  November  30.  isqo.  the  combined  receipts  or"  the  rail- 
road company  and  the  coal  and  iron  company  were  over  J41  .oco.ooo. 

The  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad  Company  maintains 
and  offers  to  its  patrons  a  service  strictly  first  class  in  every  particu- 
lar. The  locomotives  in  use  for  passenger  service  burn  clean,  hard, 
anthracite  coal  exclusively  and  thereby  insure  immunity  from  the 
dense  clouds  of  black  smoke  and  the  flying  cinders  that  are  so 
annoving  to  the  passengers  on  roads  which  use  soft  coal.  The 
coaches,  which  are  models  of  the  car  builders'  art  and  inventive 
genius,  cannot  be  surpassed  in  attractiveness,  elegance  of  furnish- 
ings and  real  comfort,  by  anything  running  on  wheels.  It  is  an 
indisputable  fact  that  the  trains  ot  the  Company  run  at  a  higher  rate 
of  speed  than  those  of  any  other  Hue  in  the  country,  but  this  is 
done  consistently  with  safety,  the  perfect  system  of  running  trains, 
the  use  of  improved  devices  for  safety  with  which  all  trains  are 
equipped,  and  the  employment  of  none  but  experienced,  careful 
and  intelligent  train  men. 

The  main  stem  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad 
extends  from  Philadelphia  to  YVilliamsport.  Reading  is  the  hub  ot 
this  vast  railway  svstcm.  From  this  point  the  various  branch  roads 
reach  all  parts  of  the  great  State,  penetrating  a  rich  agricultural 
section  as  well  as  the  coal  producing  region,  running  to  Pottsville, 
Harrisburg,  Lancaster.  Columbia,  Gettysburg,  Pine  Grove.  Brook- 
side,  Allentowii,  Eastou,  Phillipsburg,  through  the  Schuylkill, 
Mahanov  and  Catawissa  valleys;  in  fact,  touching  a  thousand  and 
one  points.  The  East  Pennsylvania  branch  connects  at  Allentowu 
with  the  Central  Railroad  of  New  Jersey  and  the  Lehigh  Valley 
for  Mauch  Chunk.  Wilkes-Barre,  and  other  points,  traversing  a 
territory  that  cannot  be  surpassed  for  the  beauty  and  attractiveness 
of  its  scenery.  Many  miles  of  new  road  have  also  been  recently 
constructed  or  acquired,  the  greater  portion  passing  through  rich 
agricultural  or  mineral  sections,  the  products  of  which  help  to 
swell  the  volume  of  the  road's  traffic.  The  region  which  is  thus 
traversed  by  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  railroad,  rich  in  mineral 
ores  and  containing  the  immense  anthracite  coal  fields  of  the  State, 
offers  a  field  of  enterprise  to  the  capitalist  that  is  rarely  equalled 
even  in  so  wealthy  a  State  as  Pennsylvania. 

The  road  also  connects  at  Slatingtou  with  the  Lehigh  Valley 
and  the  Pennsylvania,  Poughkeepsie  and  Boston  railroad  via  the 
bridge  over  the  Hudson  river,  and  also  by  the  way  of  Allentown 
with  the  Central  Railroad  of  New  Jersey  to  Philipsburg,  forming 
the  Poughkeepsie  route  to  Boston.  This  is  the  only  direct  route 
to  Boston  without  change  of  any  kind,  and  passes  through  the 
verv  garden  spots  of  Connecticut  and  Massachusetts,  the  time  con- 
sumed being  only  fourteen  hours,  and  it  has  become  very  popular 


with  travellers  trom  the  west  and  south,  as  it  does  away  witli  the 
annoyance  of  crossing  to  Xew  Vork  City  by  ferry  and  making  con- 
nections at  the  Grand  Central  depot,  which  cannot  always  be 
promptly  accomplished. 

Another  important  division  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading 
system  is  the  line  from  Philadelphia  to  Bethlehem  with  branches 
extending  to  New  Hope  and  to  Doylestown.  This  line  passes 
through  a  hilly  but  rich  agricultural  section  and  along  it  are  located 
the  summer  residences  of  many  of  Philadelphia's  leading  citizens. 
At  Bethlehem  connections  are  made  with  both  the  Lehigh  Vallev 
and  the  Central  Railroad  of  New  Jersey  for  all  points  in  the  scenic 
and  historic  Lehigh  and  Wyoming  Valleys,  and  for  Buffalo,  Niagara 
Falls,  the  West,  Northwest  and  the  Canadas. 

The  Germantown  and  Chestnut  Hill  and  the  Norristown 
branches  run  to  Chestnut  Hill  and  Norristown  respectively  and 
both  lines  pass  through  numerous  and  attractive  small  towns 
that  are  inhabited  by  persons  who  are  desirous  of  escaping  from 
the  noise,  turmoil  and  discomforts  attendant  upon  a  residence 
in  the  city,  and  of  enioviug  the  quietude  and  health-invigorating 
life  of  the  country  while  still  partaking  of  the  advantages  of  the 
city  which  they  are  enabled  to  do  owing  to  the  fast  and  frequent 
train  service  operated  on  both  branches. 

One  of  the  most  important  branches  of  the  system  is  its  New 
York  line,  formerly  termed  the  Bound  Brook  Route.  This  line  is 
conceded  by  eminent  railway  authorities  to  be  the  finest  piece  of 
railroad  in  the  United  States,  if  not  in  the  world.  It  is  equipped, 
as  are  all  other  portions  of  the  system,  with  the  heaviest  and  best 
steel  rails  laid  on  a  stone  ballast  fully  two  feet  deep,  thus  allowing 
the  highest  speed  with  little  or  no  oscillation.  It  is  on  this  division 
that  the  fastest  regular  train  in  the  United  States  makes  its  daily 
trip.  This  is  the  one  leaving  Ninth  and  Green  streets.  Philadelphia, 
at  7.30  A.  XI.,  and  arriving  at  New  Vork  at  9.30  a.  m.  This  tram 
has  a  record  of  making  one  hundred  and  thirty  consecutive  trips 
and  being  only  nine  times  late  in  reaching  its  destination,  while  on 
these  few  occasions  the  delay  was  not  more  than  a  few  minutes  in 
each  instance.  This  fast  train  service  between  Xew  Vork  and  Phila- 
delphia is  thoroughly  appreciated  by  the  public,  and  with  the  estab- 
lishment of  the  Terminal  Station,  at  Twelfth  and  Market  streets,  in 
Philadelphia,  the  time  between  the  two  cities  will  be  reduced  to  the 
minimum.  The  short  distance  and  increasing  travel  between  the 
two  points  demand  frequent  and  fast  runs,  and  the  two  hour  trains 
of  the  route  which  now  meet  the  demands  of  the  business  men  will 
soon  have  to  give  way  to  much  faster  ones.  The  branch  now  forms 
the  middle  link  in  the  rapidly  becoming  famous  "  Royal  Blue  Line," 
which  is  composed  of  the  Baltimore  and  ( )hio.  Philadelphia  and 
Reading,  and  the  Central  New  Jersey  Railroads,  and  covers  the  dis- 
tance between  the  Metropolis  and  the  Capital  of  the  country,  in  the 
short  space  of  five  hours,  connecting  them  with  Philadelphia,  Wil- 
mington and  Baltimore,  through  which  cities  the  line  runs. 

( >ne  of  the  most  popular  of  the  lines  operated  by  the  Reading 
svstcm  is  the  Atlantic  City  Railroad,  known  so  well  and  favorably 
throughout  the  whole  as  "the  "Royal  Route"  to  the  sea.  This  is 
the  great  short  route  between  Philadelphia  and  that  justly  celebrated 
and  most  popular  seaside  resort  for  the  people  of  the  North  and 
West,  Atlantic  City.  A  ride  to  the  seashore  over  this  line  is  not 
only  made  with  the  highest  speed  but  also  with  the  greatest  safety, 
comfort  and  convenience  possible  in  railroad  travel.  The  distance 
of  fiftv-six  miles,  on  a  line  almost  as  straight  as  the  crow  flies  from 
the  Delaware  to  the  sea.  is  traversed  in  a  little  over  an  hour.  This 
rate  of  speed  is  maintained  with  perfect  safety  by  the  large  and 
powerful  locomotives  used,  as  the  line  is  free  from  curves,  the 
road  lied  in  the  most  perfect  condition,  being  ballasted  with  slag, 
double  tracked  the  entire  length  and  with  no  grades  to  speak  of. 
New  ferrv  boats  and  new  and  commodious  stations  ill  both  Phila- 
delphia and  Atlantic  City,  in  addition  to  the  other  advantages, 
have  made  this  the  finest  and  most  popular  route  to  the  City  by  the 
Sea,  the  enormous  business  transacted  evidencing  the  appreciation 
of  the  public  of  the  efforts  made  for  their  accommodation. 

The  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad  Company  also  controls 
the  line  to  Brigantine  Beach,  and  which  is  known  as  the  Brigantine 
Branch.  This  line  leaves  the  main  tracks  of  the  Atlantic  City  road 
a  short  distance  from  Atlantic  City  and  runs  to  the  new  resort  of 
Brigantine.  It  is  the  intention  of  the  company  to  operate  on  this 
branch  a  service  equally  as  good  as  that  which  has  made  the  Atlantic 
line  so  justly  popular  with  its  patrons,  and  there  is  no  doubt  but 
that  Brigantine  Beach  will  in  the  near  future  prove  a  formidable 
rival  to  some  of  the  older  and  more  widely  known  seaside  resorts. 

To  those  who  do  not  care  for  the  seashore  the  Philadelphia  and 
Reading  affords  access  to  mountain  resorts  at  Eagles'  Mere,  High- 
land Lake  and  Lake  Mokoma.  via  the  Williamsport  and  North 
Branch  Railroad,  and  Werncrsville,  via  the  Lebanon  Valley  branch, 
all  of  which  points  possess  attractions  for  the  pleasure  seeker,  and 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


RAILROADS,  Etc. 


for  those  in  search  of  rest  and  health,  that  are  not  only  unexcelled,       interests  which  were  opposed  to  granting  the  privilege;  but  the 
but  are  such  as  no  other  localities  can  present.  S  press  and  the  people  were  convinced  that  it  would  be  a  great  bene6t 

Three  very  important  additions  to  the  Philadelphia  and  Read-  I   to  the   public  as  well  as  to  the  company  and  its  accomplishment 


ing  svstem  are  the  Philadelphia,  Harrisburg  and  Pittsburg  Railroad, 
the  Gettysburg  and  Harrisburg  Railroad,  and  the  Port  Reading 
extension.  Bv  the  Philadelphia,  Harrisburg  and  Pittsburg  branch 
the  Reading  will  be  enabled  to  reach  the  line  of  the  Baltimore  and 
Ohio,  which  will  give  the  company  a  through  Western  connection, 
and  doubtless  result  in  largely  increasing  the  volume  of  its  traffic. 
The  acquisition  of  the  Gettysburg  and  Harrisburg  Railroad  gave 
the  Reading  direct  access  to  the  famous  battlefield  and  largely  the 
control  of  the  excursion  business  to  that  point. 

The  Port  Reading  extension  from  Bound  Brook  to  the  new 
terminus  of  Port  Reading,  located  on  the  Arthur  Kill  near  Perth 
Amboy,  gives  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  an  outlet  upon  New 
York  Harbor,  and  enables  the  company  to  have  complete  control 
of  its  extensive  coal  business  there,  instead  of  being  at  the  mercy 
of  competing  carrying  companies,  who  naturally  give  preference  to 
their  own  business.  The  completion  of  the  road  will  enable  the 
company  to  effect  a  saving  of 
at  least  a  quarter  of  a  million 
dollars  annually  in  the  cost  of 
handling  its  coal  shipments  at 
that  point,  besides  greatly  fa- 
cilitating its  business  by  doing 
away  with  the  vexations  and 
expensive  delays  attendant 
upon  it  when  handled,  as  pre- 
viously-, by  companies  whose 
own  interests  are  naturally  first 
considered.  This  gives  the 
Reading  Company  an  inde- 
pendent outlet  and  terminal 
facilities  unsurpassed  at  the 
very  door  of  the  commercial 
metropolis  of  the  country. 

The  recent  acquisition  by 
the  Philadelphia  and  Reading 
Railroad  Company  of  the  Cata- 
sauqua  and  Fogelsville  Rail- 
road will  result  in  largely  in- 
creasing the  traffic  of  the  East 
Pennsylvania  Railroad,  by 
which  the  Reading  system 
connects  with  the  newly  ac- 
quired road  at  Alburtis,  and 
which  is  one  of  the  most  profit- 
able of  the  leased  lines  con- 
trolled bv  the  Reading.  The 
East  Pennsylvania  extends 
from  Reading  to  Allentown, 
a  distance  of  thirty-six  miles, 
and  runs  through  an  exceed- 
ingly prosperous  region,  which 
is  not  only  a  fertile  agricul- 
tural section,  but  is  rich  in 
mineral  resources.  By  secur- 
ing control  of  the  Catasauqua 
and  Fogelsville  road,  the 
Reading  has  not  only  obtained  direct  access  to  the  numerous 
furnaces  situated  upon  the  line,  to  which  it  will  supply  the  ores 
produced  on  the  line  of  the  East  Pennsylvania,  but  it  also  gains  a 
heavy  coal  trade  heretofore  controlled  by  the  Lehigh  Valley  Rail- 
road, in  supplying  the  dozen  or  more  towns  on  the  line  and  the 
country  tributary  thereto  annually  with  100,000  tons  or  more  of 
coal  required  for  domestic  and  manufacturing  purposes  besides  that 
which  is  consumed  by  the  furnaces.  It  will  also  have  the  hauling 
of  the  product  of  the  furnaces  to  a  market,  the  result  being  a  very 
considerable  increase  in  the  traffic  of  the  East  Pennsylvania  branch, 
which  is  the  outlet  of  the  trade. 

The  East  Pennsylvania  in  conjunction  with  the  Lebanon  Valley 
branch,  with  which  it  connects  at  Reading,  forms  almost  an  airline 
between  Allentown  and  Harrisburg,  and  will  probably  be  used  in 
the  near  future  as  a  short  line  between  New  York  and  the  West.  It 
was  by  this  route  that  the  Pennsylvania  shipped  its  heavy  freight 
to  and  from  New  York  before  that  company  secured  control  of  the 
United  Railroads  of  New  Jersey.  The  passenger  service  of  the  East 
Pennsylvania  is  being  constantly  improved,  and  there  will  be  extra 
trains  added  as  the  business  will  warrant  it.  The  need  of  terminal 
facilities  near  the  business  quarter  of  the  city  of  Philadelphia  was 
a  great  drawback  to  the  local  traffic  of  the  Reading  Company,  and 
it  was  a  most  difficult  and  tedious  matter  to  overcome  the  adverse 


resulted.  The  establishing  of  the  Terminal  Station  at  Twelfth  and 
Market  streets  is  hailed  as  one  of  the  greatest  improvements  of 
recent  years,  and  the  benefit  certain  to  accrue  to  the  general  welfare 
and  the  commercial  interests  of  the  community  as  well  as  those  of 
the  railroad  are  almost  beyond  computation. 

Among  some  of  the  important  matters  which  were  taken  in 
hand  by  the  present  management  of  the  company  upon  assuming 
charge  of  its  affairs  were  the  improvement  of  the  road-bed,  the 
rolling  stock  and  the  train  service.  Even  the  ordinary  layman, 
inexperienced  in  railroad  management,  well  understands  that  a  good 
road-bed  is  absolutely  necessary  to  insure  speed  and  safetv  of  trains 
and  the  comfort  of  passengers  ;  and  when  the  services  of  Mr.  A.  A. 
McLeod,  now  president  and  general  manager  of  the  road,  were 
secured  by  the  company,  his  practical  experience  in,  and  knowledge 
of  railroading,  led  him  to  inaugurate  a  system  of  reformation  which 
was  necessary  to  place  the  road  in  a  condition  to  meet  the  require- 
ments of  the  time  and  com- 
pete with  the  other  great  car- 
rying companies  for  freight 
and  passenger  traffic.  Under 
his  intelligent  supervision  and 
energetic  direction,  fast  trains 
leaving  stations  and  arriving  at 
designated  points  on  schedule 
time  were  among  the  improve- 
ments established,  and  he  has 
always  insisted  upon  a  rigid 
maintenance  of  the  schedule 
and  a  strict  compliance  with 
the  rules  of  the  company. 


Archibald  Angus  McLeod 


A.  A.  McLEOD 

Among  the  men  whose 
names  shall  adoru  the  chroni- 
cles of  Philadelphia,  Archibald 
Angus  McLeod,  President  of 
the  Philadelphia  and  Reading 
Railroad  and  Coal  and  Iron 
Companies,  is  no  inconspicu- 
ous figure.  Coming  but  a  few 
years  ago,  almost  unknown, 
into  this  most  conservative  of 
communities,  he  is  now  re- 
garded as  one  of  its  foremost 
citizens.  Entering  but  recently 
upon  the  stupendous  task  of 
saving  from  total  ruin  and  dis- 
integration the  great  interests 
of  the  Reading  Railroad  sys- 
tem, he  hasso  succeeded  that  he 
is  now  recognized  as  one  of  the 
ablest  and  most  sagacious  rail- 
way managers  in  the  country. 
Mr.  McLeod  was  born  in 
the  vear  1S4S,  and  is  consequently  one  of  the  youngest  men  who 
ever  attained  sovereignty  among  the  rulers  of  the  railroad  world. 
After  acquiring  a  fair  academical  education  he  fitted  himself 
for  the  profession  of  his  choice,  that  of  civil  engineering.  His 
railroad  career  began  before  he  had  attained  his  majority,  his 
first  service  being  performed  in  the  capacity  of  a  rod-man  upon 
the  surveys  of  the  then  uncompleted  Northern  Pacific  Railroad. 

His  force  of  character,  executive  ability,  and  devotion  to  duty, 
so  commended  him  to  those  with  whom  he  was  brought  in  contact, 
that  he  was  rapidly  advanced  through  the  several  gradations  of  the 
service  until,  in  1SS6,  the  management  of  the  Philadelphia  and 
Reading  Railroad,  then  passing  through  the  throes  of  a  most 
desperate  struggle  for  the  continuance  of  its  existence  and  the 
retention  of  its  vast  and  valuable  franchises,  found  Mr.  McLeod 
occupying  the  responsible  but  comparatively  inconspicuous  posi- 
tion of  General  Manager  of  the  Elmira,  Cortlandt  and  Northern 
Railroad.  He  had,  however,  displayed  such  admirable  qualities  in 
the  handling  of  men  and  affairs,  that  he  was  selected  to  lead  the 
herculean  effort  about  to  be  made  for  the  Reading's  rejuvenation. 
And  right  nobly  did  he  justify  the  sagacity  and  faith  of  those  who 
chose  him  for  this  great  task. 

Possessing  a  physique  of  phenomenal  vigor  and  endurance, 
sustained  bv  an  indomitable  will  and  invincible  courage,  he  threw 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


RAILROADS,  Etc. 


himself  into  the  fight  for  the  life  of  a  great  corporation  with  a 
degree  of  energy  and  pertinacity  which  amazed  those  who  watched 
the  seemingly  hopeless  contest.  His  minute  personal  knowledge 
of  practical  railway  construction  and  operation,  was  skilfully  and 
unstintedly  devoted  to  the  institution  of  economies  and  reforms  in 
the  sendee,  while  the  confidence  which  he  inspired  in  the  world  of 
finance,  won  and  held  the  support  of  the  moneyed  interests,  with- 
out which  Reading's  reorganization  had  failed. 

Seeing  that  vast  improvements,  developments  and  extensions 
were  necessary  to  enable  his  corporation  to  claim  and  maintain  the 
position  in  the  country's  transportation  system  to  which  it  was 
rightfully  entitled,  Mr.  McLeod  directed  his  earliest  efforts  to  the 
perfection  of  discipline,  the  enlargement  of  terminal  facilities,  the 
betterment  of  roadway  and  equipment,  and,  finallv,  as  a  resulting 
concomitant  of  these,  the  invasion  of  new  fields  and  the  acquisition 
of  new  traffic. 

How  admirably  he  has  succeeded  is  attested  bv  the  present 
splendid  physical  condition  of  the  properties  of  these  twin  corpora- 
tions ;  by  their  constantly  improving  financial  standing;  by  their 
enormously  increased  earning 
powers,  and  by  their  prospects 
of  future  prosperity. 

That  much  of  this  is  due 
to  Mr.  McLeod's  powerful  and 
magnetic  personalitv  cannot 
be  doubted.  On  one  day  throt- 
tling a  great  and  vindictive 
strike  with  armored  and  re- 
lentless grip,  he  is  the  next 
day  as  tender-hearted  and 
sympathizing  as  a  woman  to 
some  humble  subordinate  who 
approaches  him  with  a  story 
of  suffering  or  injustice.  His 
kindness  in  the  treatment  of 
employees  has  made  the  great 
army  of  workers  under  his 
command  his  willing  and  in- 
telligent co-laborers,  and  this 
fact  alone  has  played  no  small 
part  in  Reading's  regeneration. 

Having  done  so  much  to 
better  Philadelphia's  transpor- 
tation facilities  and  enhance 
her  industrial  and  commercial 
importance  ;  having  perfected 
a  new  and  great  through  line 
between  the  East  and  the 
South  ;  opened  a  truly  ' '  Royal 
Route"  to  the  sea,  and  ex- 
tended the  ramifications  of  his 
system  in  every  direction,  Mr. 
McLeod  is  now  in  Philadel- 
phia's behalf  reaching  toward 
New  York  Bay  on  the  one 
hand,  and  to  Pittsburg  and 
the  West  on  the  other,  with 
the  culmination  of  his  most 
notable  achievement  in  view — 
the  extension  of  his  lines  into  the  city's  very  centre  bv  means  of 
the  Reading  Terminal. 

For  these,  his  manifold  and  successful  labors  for  his  citv's  good 
and  his  corporation's  prosperity,  he  well  deserves  a  place*  among 
Philadelphia's  worthies. 


George 


coal  lands.  Here  he  was  retained  by  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading 
Coal  and  Iron  Company,  and  was  placed  in  very  close  relations  to 
their  vast  undertakings,  purchasing  many  thousand  acres  of  land 
and  numerous  collieries,  paying  many  millions  of  dollars  there- 
for, and  though  the  work  included  numerous  and  difficult  com- 
plications, it  was  well  done  and  not  an  acre  of  the  vast  property  ac- 
quired has  ever  been  lost  or  impaired  by  reason  of  any  defects  in 
the  title  passed  upon  bv  him. 

In  the  year  1874  Mr.  Keim  removed  to  Philadelphia  in  con- 
nection with  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad  Company  and 
Coal  and  Iron  Company.  He  has  filled  the  offices  of  Ge'neral 
Auditor.  Vice-President,  President  pro  tern,  and  Receiver  pro  tern. 
In  January,  1SS4,  he  was  made  President  of  both  Companies,  and 
when  they  passed  again  into  a  receivership,  he  was  appointed  by 
the  Circuit  Court  of  the  United  States  to  that  position,  in  conjunc- 
tion with  Mr.  Edward  M.  Lewis  and  Mr.  Stephen  A.  Caldwell,  two 
well  known  gentlemen  of  high  personal  and  business  character. 

This  receivership  terminated  in  January,  188S.  Under  this  re- 
ceivership the  gross  earnings  of  the  companies  were  about  S150,- 
000,000.  and  the  requirements 
of  the  management  of  the 
business  under  all  the  difficult 
surroundings  and  circum- 
stances were  very  laborious 
and  constant.  Upon  the  com- 
panies resuming  management 
in  18SS,  Mr.  Keim  was  made  a 
Director  in  the  Philadelphia 
and  Reading  Railroad  Com- 
pany and  President  of  the  Coal 
and  Iron  Company  ;  the  latter 
position  he  resigned  in  Janu- 
ary, 1S91,  believing  that  the 
interest  of  the  Railroad  Com- 
pany and  the  Coal  and  Iron 
Company  would  be  promoted 
by  placing  the  management 
in  one  and  the  same  person — 
Mr.  A.  A.  McLeod,  President 
of  the  Railroad  Company. 

He  has  long  been  con- 
nected with  the  Historical  So- 
ciety of  Pennsylvania  and  one 
of  its  Vice-Presidents.  Bv 
appointment  of  the  Governor 
of  the  Commonwealth  lie 
served  with  Simon  Cameron 
and  the  Hon.  Daniel  Ermen- 
trout  on  the  Commission  which 
selected  General  Peter  Muhl- 
enberg and  Robert  Fulton  as 
subjects  for  the  statues  to  be 
presented  by  the  State  to  be 
placed  in  the  Capitol  at  Wash- 
ington. 

Mr.  Keim  married  Eliza- 
beth Cooke  Trezevant,  only 
daughter  of  Louis  Creiger  Trez- 
evant. M.  D.,  of  South  Caro- 
lina, and  of  his  wife  Elizabeth  Marion,  daughter  of  Buller  Cook, 
Esq.  Mr.  Keim's  family  consists  of  his  wife  and  daughters,  Julia 
Mavcr  Keim  and  Susan  Douglass  Keim. 


GEORGE  deB.  KEIM 

George  deBenneville  Keim,  ex-President  Philadelphia  and 
Reading  Railroad  Company  and  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading 
Coal  and  Iron  Company,  was  born  in  Reading,  the  eldest  son  of 
George  M.  Keim  and  Julia  C.  Mayer  his  wife,  and  was  named  after 
his  grandfather,  General  George  deB.  Keim.  He  received  a  pre- 
liminary  education  in  the  local  schools,  and  passed  one  term  in  the 
Georgetown  College,  while  his  father  was  a  member  of  Congress 
from  Bucks.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Sophomore  Class,  Dickinson 
College,  in  1846,  graduating  in  1S49.  He  then  took  up  the  study  of 
chemistry  in  the  laboratory  of  Dr.  Charles  M.  Wetherill,  with 
special  reference  to  the  analysis  of  minerals.  In  1850,  returning  to 
Reading,  he  read  law  in  theoffice  of  Charles  Davis,  Esq.,  and  was 
admitted  to  practice  in  April,  1S52. 

In  1S55  Mr.  Keim  located  at  Pottsville,  Schuylkill  county, 
where  there  had  begun  very  great  activity   in   the  development  of 


WILLIAM  R.  TAYLOR 


William  Rice  Taylor,  Secretary  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Read- 
ing Railroad  Company,  was  born  in  Schuylkill  Haven,  Schuylkill 
Countv,  Pa.,  May  22,  1856.  His  father  was  of  Scotch  ancestry,  and 
his  mother  was  descended  from  the  early  Dutch  settlers  of  the  State. 
When  he  was  but  two  years  of  age  his  parents  moved  to  Philadel- 
phia and  located  in  Kensington,  where  he  attended  the  public 
schools  until  he  was  nearly  fourteen  years  of  age.  Alter  some 
desultory  employment  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Philadelphia 
and  Reading  Railroad  Company  in  December,  187 1.  He  was  first 
given  a  position  in  the  office  of  the  President  and  Secretary  of  the 
company.  In  187b  he  was  appointed  stenographer  to  the  President, 
Mr.  Franklin  B.  Gowen,  in  which  capacity  he  served  that  gentle- 
man until  his  resignation  in  1SS4.  He  held  the  same  position  under 
Mr.  Gowen's  successor,  Mr.  George  deB.  Keim  until  April,  1S85. 
Mr.  Taylor  had  previously  determined  to  read  law  and  was  registered 
as  a  student  under  the  tuition  of  Mr.  Gowen.     In  April,  18S5,  when 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


RAILROADS,  Etc. 


Mr.  Gowen  opened  a  law  office,  upon  that  gentleman's  invitation 
Mr.  Taylor  left  the  service  of  the  railroad  company  and  took  employ- 
ment under  Mr.  Gowen  with  the  intention  of  completing  his  legal 
studies,  but  upon  Mr.  Gowen  again  becoming  President  of  the 
Philadelphia  a.,d  Reading  Railroad  Company  in  January,  18S6,  Mr. 
Tavlor  was  elected  Secretary  of  the  Company.  In  February,  1887, 
Mr.  Taylor  was  appointed  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Reconstruction 
Trustees,  and  acted  in  that  capacity  until  the  duties  of  the  trustees 
ended  with  the  adoption  of  a  plan  of  reorganization. 

Mr.  Taylor  was  married  in  1882  to  Sarah  T.  Wilbraham,  a 
daughter  of  the  late  James  Wilbraham,  and  they  have  one  child,  a 
daughter. 


WILLIAM  A.  CHURCH 

William  Augustus  Church,  the  Treasurer  of  the  Philadelphia 
and  Reading  Railroad  Company,  was  born  at  Albany,  N.  \\,  Feb- 
ruary 16,  1834.  He  is  of  English  lineage,  being  a  descendant  in 
the  seventh  generation  of  Richard  Church,  one  of  the  original  set- 
tlers of  Hartford,  Connecticut,  who  came  from  England  to  that 
place  in  1636.  Hon.  Sanford  E.  Church,  the  noted  jurist,  and 
Frederick  E.  Church,  the  well-known  artist,  are  descended  from 
the  same  progenitor.  Mr.  Church  was  very  young  when  his  father 
came  to  Philadelphia  as  agent  for  a  large  New  York  dry  goods 
house,  and  he  received  his  education  here,  principally  under  the  tui- 
tion of  his  brothcr-indaw,  Dr.  A.  T.  W.  Wright,  to  whom  the  city  01 
Philadelphia  is  largely  indebted  for  the  establishment  of  the  Girls' 
Normal  School.  The  Rev.  Thos.  K".  Beecher  was  also  at  one  time 
one  of  his  instructors.  But  the  greater  part  of  his  acquirements 
have  been  the  result  of  reading  and  study  since  he  began  his  busi- 
ness career. 

Mr.  Church  entered  the  sen-ice  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Read- 
ing Railroad  Company  in  June,  1S57,  as  one  of  the  coal  traffic 
accountants.  He  was  some  time  afterwards  made  assistant  to  the 
Treasurer,  and  in  1S71  was  appointed  Assistant  Treasurer,  which 
position  he  held  until  1SS4.  when  Treasurer  Samuel  Bradford,  who 
had  held  the  office  about  forty-six  years,  having  retired  because  of 
advanced  age,  he  was  elected  Treasurer  of  the  company.  Upon 
Mr.  Corbin  assuming  control  of  affairs  he  was  made  Treasurer  of 
the  Coal  and  Iron  Company,  as  well  as  of  many  of  the  affiliated 
companies. 

Mr.  Church's  association  with  the  company  has  extended  over 
the  most  interesting  period  of  its  history.  When  he  first  entered 
its  employ  the  business  of  the  general  office  was  so  small  as  to 
have  ample  accommodation  upon  one  floor  of  the  building  at 
No.  227  South  Fourth  street,  then  hut  about  one-third  its  present 
size,  and  the  force  consisted  of  but  ten  or  twelve  persons;  while 
at  the  present  time  the  large  building,  which  is  entirelv  occu- 
pied by  the  offices  of  the  company,  is  not  spacious  enough  for 
the  employes  engaged  in  the  work  of  the  general  office,  who  num- 
ber at  least  six  hundred  ;  and  the  miles  of  track  controlled  bv  the 
company  have  increased  from  a  very  moderate  figure  to  a  quantity 
well  nigh  sufficient  to  span  the  continent.  The  period  of  his  ser- 
vice with  the  company  covers  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  with  its 
large  returns  for  the  coal  carriers  ibefore  and  during  which,  as  well 
as  long  after,  the  English  firm  of  McCalmont  Bros.  &  Co.  held 
enough  stock  to  virtually  control  the  company) ;  the  presidencies 
of  Mr.  Cullen  ( who  was  sent  out  by  the  McCalmonts  to  protect 
their  interests),  Mr.  Whitney,  Mr.  Smith,  Mr.  Gowen,  Mr.  Bond 
[during  a  contest),  Mr.  Keim,  Mr.  Corbin  and  Mr.  McLeod,  and  the 
terms  of  the  two  receiverships  with  their  almost  interminable  law 
proceedings.  He  has  been  with  it  through  good  and  evil  report, 
and  now,  by  the  building  of  the  Terminal  at  Twelfth  and  Market 
streets,  and  the  assertive  yet  conservative  administration  of  the 
present  discerning  and  able  management,  he  believes  a  new  era  of 
prosperity  has  dawned  upon  the  great  corporation  to  whose  interests 
lie  is  devoted. 

Mr.  Church  has  been  connected  with  various  boards  and  asso- 
ciations of  a  public  and  benevolent  nature,  but  his  duties  not  per- 
mitting him  to  give  to  them  the  time  which  he  deemed  necessarv, 
lie  has  severed  his  relations  with  most  of  them.  The  onlv  connec- 
tions he  now  holds  of  such  a  nature  being  those  of  a  Manager  of 
die  American  Sunday  School  Union  and  one  of  its  Committee  of 
Publication,  and  the  Presidency  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  St. 
Stephen's  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  of  Germantown. 

Mr.  Church  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Inskeep  Barker,  who  is  of 
English  Quaker  descent.  They  have  four  sons  and  a  daughter, 
fhe  latter  is  the  wife  of  William  Morris  Longstreth.  Two  of  the 
ions  are  married  and  are  engaged  in  business,  the  other  two  are 
students,  the  elder  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  and  the 
,-ounger  at  the  Penn  Charter  School. 


CLINTON  GILLINGHAM  HANCOCK 


Clinton  G.  Hancock,  General  Passenger  Agent  of  the  Philadel- 
phia and  Reading  Railroad  system,  was  born  in  Philadelphia, 
November  iS,  1845.  His  father,  the  late  Samuel  P.  Hancock,  was 
a  member  of  a  prominent  and  well-known  Quaker  family,  whose 
settlement  at  Salem,  New  Jersey,  antedated  the  arrival  of  William 
Penn  and  his  colonists  in  this  State.  He  was  a  highly  respected 
citizen,  having  served  as  Comptroller  of  Philadelphia  with  honor 
and  credit.  Mr.  C.  G.  Hancock  was  educated  at  the  public  schools 
of  his  native  city,  taking  a  two  years  course  at  the  Central  High 
School,  and  on  August  12,  1S64,  while  in  his  nineteenth  year,  he 
entered  the  employ  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad 
Company  as  clerk  in  the  Freight  Auditing  Department,  remaining 
in  that  position  until  July,  1S69,  when  he  was  made  General  Ticket 
Agent,  which  title  he  held  until  July,  1S79,  in  which  vear  he  was 
made  General  Passenger  Agent  as  well,  and  has  capably  "and  accept- 
ably filled  the  position  to  the  present  time. 

Mr.  Hancock  is  an  indefatigable  worker,  conservative  and 
methodical  in  his  business  habits,  yet  constantly  on  the  alert  to  be 
up  with  the  times  in  his  branch  of  railroading,  and  his  genial 
manners  and  pleasant  bearing  win  for  him  not  onlv  the  hearty  co- 
operation of  his  subordinates  but  most  agreeablv  impress  those 
patrons  of  the  road  who  have  business  relations  with  him,  while 
his  thorough  knowledge  of  the  details  of  his  department  insures  him 
a  respectful  hearing  when  brought  in  contact  with  the  able  men  who 
fill  similar  posts  with  the  other  great  transportation  companies  at 
the  frequent  meetings  of  the  Passenger  Agents  of  the  Trunk  Lines 
of  the  country. 


HENRY  K.  NICHOLS 


Among  those  most  active  in  directing  the  great  undertakings  of 
this  busy  age,  there  arc  none  who  haveattaiued  a  more  distinguished 
position  in  his  special  field  of  labor  than  Mr.  Henry  Kuhl  Nichols, 
Chief  Engineer  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad. 

This  expert  in  engineering  and  railroad  construction  was  born 
in  Pottsville,  Pa.,  August  24,  1S30,  and  is  a  descendant  of  an  old 
and  honored  family.  His  father,  Francis  B.  Nichols,  was  a  mid- 
shipman during  the  war  of  1812,  and  was  attached  to  the  historic 
frigate  Chesapeake,  commanded  by  Captain  Lawrence,  participating 
in  the  memorable  encounter  with  the  British  frigate  Shannon.  His 
grandfather  was  General  Francis  Nichols,  a  gallant  officer  of  the 
Revolutionary  War,  and  his  great-grandfather  was  Michael  Hillegas, 
first  Treasurer  of  the  United  States.  At  the  age  of  sixteen  vears, 
Henry  K.  Nichols  was  appointed  a  cadet  to  the  United  States  Naval 
Academy  at  Annapolis,  Maryland,  butthesudden  death  of  his  father 
compelled  a  change  in  his  plans,  and  on  August  9,  1847,  he  began 
the  study  and  work  of  engineering  as  rod-man  on  the  extension  of 
the  Mill  Creek  Railroad  to  the  New  Boston  coal  fields  in  Schuylkill 
county,  Pennsylvania,  and  such  was  his  aptitude  for  the  work,  and 
such  a  knowledge  of  the  science  did  he  soon  acquire,  that  he  was 
made  Assistant  Engineer,  which  position  he  filled  until  the  work 
was  completed.  On  the  1st  of  January,  1S50,  he  accepted  the  posi- 
tion of  leveler  on  the  Orange  and  Alexandria  Railroad  in  Virginia, 
and  continued  in  that  service  until  the  completion  of  the  location 
of  the  line. 

During  the  winter  of  1S50,  iS^r,  he  was  leveler  on  preliminary 
surveys  forthe  Lebanon  Valley  Railroad  Company  ;  and  in  Decem- 
ber of  the  year  last  mentioned  he  was  Assistant  Engineer  in  the 
enlargement  of  the  Union  Canal  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1852,  1S53, 
he  was  Assistant  Engineer  in  laying  out  lateral  railroads  in  Schuvl- 
kill  county,  Pennsylvania.  And  the  following  year  was  appointed 
to  the  same  position  in  the  construction  of  the  North  Eastern  Rail- 
road of  South  Carolina. 

In  1S55,  1856,  he  again  was  engaged  on  lateral  lines  of  rail- 
road in  Schuylkill  County.  And  in  the  spring  of  1S57  he  was  ap- 
pointed Principal  Assistant  Engineer  by  the  Federal  Government  in 
the  construction  of  the  Fort  Kearney  and  Honey  Lake  Wagon  Road 
in  Nebraska  and  California,  which  included  the  first  preliminary 
survey  for  a  Pacific  railroad  to  California.  In  1S59  he  became 
Chief  Engineer  of  lateral  railroads  in  Schuylkill  county,  Pennsyl- 
vania. When  they  were  leased  by  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading 
Company  he  became  Resident  Engineer  from  1S61  to  1S83,  when 
he  was  appointed  Chief  Road  Master  of  that  company,  and  in 
March,  18S5,  he  was  advanced  to  the  position  of  Chief  Engineer 
of  the  road,  a  position  which  he  now  fills  with  distinguished 
ability. 


243 


William   R.  Taylor 


William  A.  Church 


Clinton  G.  Hancock 


Henry   K.  Nichols 


244 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


RAILROADS,  Etc. 


ALBERT   FOSTER 

Albert  Foster,  Purchasing  Agent  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Read- 
ing Railroad,  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  July  14,  1S42.  His  parents 
were  English,  coming  from  Surrey  and  settling  in  Philadelphia 
shortly  before  his  birth.  He  completed  his  schooling  at  the  Law- 
renceville  Academy,  Lawrenceville,  N.  J.,  and  after  a  short  interim 
entered  the  service  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad  Com- 
pany in  October,  1858,  working  his  way  through  the  various  grades 
of  the  accounting  department  until  he  was  appointed  chief  clerk  to 
the  secretary  and  auditor,  in  which  capacity  he  served  for  several 
years.  About  1867  he  was  elected  secretary  of  the  numerous  branch 
and  lateral  corporations  controlled  by  the  company.  In  1871  he 
was  engaged  with  Mr.  Franklin  B.  Gowen,  then  president,  in  the 
matter  of  the  purchase  of  the  large  area  of  coal  land  acquired  by 
the  companv,  and  in  1872,  when  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Coal 
and  Iron  Company  was  organized,  was  elected  secretary  of  that 
corporation,  which  position  he  retained  until  January,  18S3,  when 
he  was  elected  secretary  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad 
Co.  When  the  company's  affairs  were  again  placed  in  the  hands 
of  the  Receivers  in  June,  1SS4,  he  was  appointed  as  their  secretary, 
acting  in  that  capacity  during  the  existence  of  the  receivership. 

In  January,  iSSS,  the  financial  reorganization  of  the  company 
being  assured,  he  was  appointed  first  register  of  the  company,  hav- 
among  other  duties  the  entire  charge  of  the  preparation  and  ex- 
changes of  the  various  securities  required  in  effecting  the  same, 
amounting  to  upwards  of  $125,000,000,  and  so  accurately  were  his 
duties  performed  that  Mr.  Austin  Corbin,  then  president  of  the 
companv,  in  his  annual  report  officially  complimented  his  depart- 
ment upon  the  fact  that  this  had  been  accomplished  absolutely  with- 
out an  error.  In  October,  1S90,  President  A.  A.  McLeod  appointed 
Mr.  Foster  general  purchasing  agent  of  the  entire  system,  a  posi- 
tion of  great  responsibility  and  trust,  involving  the  expenditure  of 
many  millions  of  dollars  per  annum.  Mr.  Foster  is  married  to  one 
of  the  daughters  of  Mr.  Stephen  Flanagan,  a  well  knowr  citizen  of 
Philadelphia,  largely  engaged   in   shipping  and  building  interests. 


DANIEL  JONES 

Comptroller  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad  Com- 
panv, was  born  at  Glenmorc  Manor,  Kent  county,  Maryland,  Julv 
3,  1840.  His  father,  Daniel  Jones,  was  born  October  io,  1796,  mar- 
ried November  27,  1821,  Catharine  Tylden  Ireland,  and  died  April 
23,  1865.  Daniel  Jones,  Sr.,  was  the  son  of  Jacob  Jones,  Jr.,  and 
Elizabeth  Gale,  a  daughter  of  Rasin  Gale  and  Martha  Moore,  who 
were  married  in  1750.  Rasin  Gale  was  the  son  of  John  Gale  and 
the  grandson  of  George  Gale,  who  was  born  in  1670,  in  Kent  county, 
England;  came  to  Maryland  in  1690,  and  died  in  August,  1712. 
Jacob  Jones,  Jr.,  was  High  Sheriff  of  Kent  county,  Maryland,  in 
1783,  and  was  the  sou  of  Captain  Jacob  and  Elizabeth  Jones.  His 
mother,  Mrs.  Catharine  Tylden  (Ireland)  Jones,  was  born  November 
23,  1804,  died  September  26,  1S58.  She  was  the  daughter  of  John 
Ireland,  who  was  born  March  9,  1767,  and  married  December  2S, 
1S01,  Mary  Tylden.  John  Ireland  was  the  son  of  Joseph  Ireland, 
who  was  born  June  17,  1727,  near  Halifax,  Yorkshire,  England, 
settled  in  Shrewsbury  Parish,  Kent  county,  Maryland,  and  married 
July  10,  1761,  Alethea  Comegys,  daughter  of  William  and  Ann 
Cosden  Comegys.  Mary  Ireland  was  the  daughter  of  Dr.  William 
Rlay  Tylden,  who  was  the  son  of  John  and  Catharine  (Blay)  Tylden. 
Mrs.  Catharine  (Blay)  Tylden,  who  married  July  27,  1722,  John 
Tylden,  was  the  daughter  of  Colonel  William  Blay,  and  his  wife, 
Isabella  Pearce,  daughter  of  Judge  William  Pearce.  Colonel 
William  Blay  was  the  son  of  Colonel  Edward  and  Ann  Blay,  of 
Blay's  Range,  Kent  county,  Maryland.  John  Tylden  was  the  son 
of  Charles  Tylden,  the  second  son  of  Marmaduke  Tylden,  who  was 
a  very  large  land  owner  in  Kent,  perhaps  the  largest.  He  owned 
at  one  time,  in  1709,  31,350  acres.  Marmaduke  Tylden  was  the  son 
of  Marmaduke,  who  was  the  son  of  Sir  William  Tylden,  of  "  Great 
Tyldens,"  Kent  county,  England. 

Mr.  Jones  received  his  education  at  the  county  schools  and  at 
Washington  College,  Kent  county,  Maryland.  His  first  employ- 
ment was  as  a  clerk  in  the  service  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading 
Railroad  Company,  which  he  entered  July  7,  1S64.  His  promotion 
to  his  present  position  has  been  regularly  through  the  intermediary 
grades.  May  27,  1S67,  he  was  appointed  Joint  Way-Bill  Clerk;  Mav 
2,  1S70,  General  Freight  Clerk  ;  January  2,  1S71,  Assistant  Auditor; 
November  1,  1S71,  Second  Auditor;  April  1,  1S72,  First  Auditor; 
January  15,  1S73,  Assistant  Comptroller,  and  June  21,  1SS1,  to  the 
position  of  Comptroller,  which  position  he  has  since  filled. 

Mr.  Jones  was  married  to  Miss  H.  E.  Rush  on  October  2,  1S73, 
and  has  one  child,  William  Rush  Jones. 


FRANK  G.  ODENHE1MER 

Frank  Gilliams  Odenheimer,  private  secretary  to  President 
A.  A.  McLeod,  of  the  Philadelphia  &  Reading  Railroad,  was  born 
in  Philadelphia,  August  17,  1856.  He  is  of  German  descent  on  the 
paternal  side  and  of  English  extraction  on  that  of  his  mother, 
whose  Southern  blood  accounts  for  the  cordiality  of  his  disposition 
and  that  genial  warmth  of  manner  which  impresses  so  favorably 
the  people  of  "all  sorts  and  conditions"  with  whom  he  is  con- 
stantly brought  in  contact  in  the  fulfilment  of  his  duties. 

He  received  his  education  in  the  various  grades  of  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  city,  and  graduated  with  honor  from  the  Cen- 
tral High  School,  after  which  he  entered  the  employ  of  J.  B.  Lip- 
pincott  &  Co.,  and  later  that  of  John  Lucas  &  Co.,  the  members  of 
both  of  which  firms  he  counts  among  his  warmest  friends.  After 
leaving  the  employ  of  John  Lucas  &  Co.,  he  became  secretary  to 
George  R.  Kaercher,  Esq.,  General  Counsel  of  the  Philadelphia  & 
Reading  Railroad,  remaining  as  such  until  the  appointment  of  Mr. 
McLeod  as  General  Manager  of  the  company  when  that  gentleman 
made  him  his  private  secretary,  and  upon  his  election  to  the  Presi- 
dency placed  Mr.  Odenheimer  in  the  position  now  held  bv  him  ; 
and  every  one  who  has  business  with  his  chief  can  bear  witness  to 
the  good  judgment  shown  in  his  selection  as  evidenced  bv  his 
peculiar  fitness  for  the  delicate  and  responsible  position  he  so  capa- 
bly fills. 

Of  course  with  the  enormous  amount  of  business  requiring  his 
attention  it  is  out  of  the  range  of  possibilities  for  President 
McLeod  to  see  each  and  every  one  who  calls  and  it  is  the  business 
of  the  private  secretary  to  see  that  his  chief's  time  is  not  consumeu 
and  frittered  away  by  useless  or  unnecessary  interviews.  It  is  for 
him  to  decide,  unless  special  arrangements  have  been  made  to  the 
contrary,  who  shall  or  shall  not  see  the  president.  He  listens  to 
what  the  caller  has  to  say  and  at  once  makes  up  his  mind  whether 
the  subject  is  one  which  demands  the  attention  of  the  president,  or 
should  be  referred  to  some  department  which  has  such  matters  in 
charge.  All  who  come  are  received  courteously,  and  their  requests 
receive  prompt  and  due  attention.  The  subjects  broughtbefore  him 
for  decision  are  as  varied  as  those  which  fill  the  advertising  pages  of 
one  of  the  great  dailies.  Some  one  enters  and  expresses  a  desire 
to  exhibit  to  the  president  a  patent  device  for  coupling  cars.  An- 
other has  a  means  of  heating,  which  will  do  awav  with  the  life- 
destroying  stove.  Another  has  a  patent  platform  wliich  will  insure 
immunity  from  danger  in  the  event  of  a  collision.  Another  has  a 
fuel  saving  invention  for  the  use  of  locomotives,  and  so  on  through 
the  whole  category  of  inventions  applicable  to  railroad  use.  At 
the  end  of  the  year  the  secretary  becomes  a  perambulating  patent 
office  catalogue,  which  would  make  him  valuable  to  the  United 
States  Government.  Then  some  poor  woman  comes  with  her  sad 
story  of  how  her  husband,  son  or  some  near  relative  has  either  iieeu 
maimed,  or  lost  his  life  in  the  performance  of  his  duty.  Now  fol- 
lows a  committee  from  some  township  that  desires  to  have  an 
extension  of  the  line  made  through  their  district  with  the  view  of 
developing  its  resources.  Then  some  large  operator  in  coal  or  iron 
is  anxious  to  consummate  a  deal  in  his  specialty,  which  may  reach 
into  the  millions.  All  these  people  are  seen,  their  requests  duly- 
heard  and  promptly  attended  to,  the  major  portion  of  them  not 
requiring  the  attention  of  the  president,  but  calling  for  the  exercise 
of  careful  judgment  on  the  part  of  the  secretary. 

From  this  brief  sketch  one  can  readily  see  that  Mr.  Odenheimer 
has  but  little  spare  time  on  his  hands ;  but  however  busv  he  mav 
be  all  callers  are  sure  of  a  cordial  reception  and  polite  treatment, 
and  whether  successful  in  accomplishing  the  object  of  their  visit 
or  not  they  are  impressed  with  the  fact  that  he  is  possessed  with 
an  earnest  desire  to  faithfully  serve  to  the  best  of  his  ability  his 
big  and  brainy  chief,  for  whom  he  has  a  sincere  and  enthusiastic 
regard. 


CHARLES  R.  DEACON 

Charles  Ridgway  Deacon,  Press  Agent  of  the  Philadelphia  and 
Reading  Railroad  and  Secretary  of  the  Clover  Club  of  Philadelphia, 
was  born  January  23,  1845,  on  a  farm  near  Burlington,  New  Jersey, 
where  his  father  was  largely  engaged  in  horticulture.  His  parents 
were  members  of  prominent  Quaker  families  and  descended  from 
the  early  English  settlers  of  the  State.  Mr.  Deacon  was  educated  at 
Gumniere's  School,  Burlington,  Westtown  Friends'  School,  near 
West  Chester,  Pa.,  and  at  the  Dowingtown,  Pennsylvania,  Academy 
until  his  sixteenth  year  when  he  was  apprenticed  to  the  printer's 
trade  at  the  office  of  the  Saturday  Evening  Post,  then  owned  by 
Deacon  &  Peterson.     Shortly  after  reaching  his  majority  he  was 


Albert   Foster 


Daniel  Jones 


l-RANK    G.   ODENHEIMER 


246 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


RAILROADS— STEAMSHIPS— RESTAURANTS. 


employed  in  the  office  of  the  Public  Ledger,  hut  subsequently  en- 
gaged in  the  sewing  machine  business  in  Baltimore  as  general 
agent  for  the  Wheeler  &  Wilson  Manufacturing  Company,  remain- 
ing there  until  1S76,  when  he  returned  to  the  employ  of  Mr.  Childs 
on  the  Ledger.  Here  he  remained  until  1SS4.  when  he  became  busi- 
ness manager  of  the  Daily  Neius,  but  shortly  afterwards  withdrew 
and  took  the  management  of  the  American  Biographical  Publishing 
Company  and  completed  the  publication  of  a  valuable  work  en- 
titled "  Prominent  Pennsylvanians.  "  Mr.  Deacon  has  acted  as 
correspondent  for  a  number  of  prominent  newspapers  and  is  a 
frequent  contributor  to  the  local  journals.  On  October  1,  1890, 
President  McLeod  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad  ap- 
pointed him  press  agent  of  that  corporation,  and  he  has  since  that 
time  looked  after  the  interests  of  the  Company  in  connection  with 
the  press. 

Mr.  Deacon  has  demonstrated  his  capacity  for  the  work  in 
which  he  is  engaged  by  the  manner  in  which  the  merits  of  the 
Reading  Terminal  were  presented  in  the  newspapers,  as  he  had  the 
entire  handling  of  that  matter  after  his  connection  with  the  road. 
He  is  in  touch  with  all  grades  of  newspaper  workers  and  they  are 
always  glad  to  do  him  any  reasonable  favor.  Mr.  Deacon's  long 
connection  with  the  newspaper  business  has  made  him  well  known 
in  Philadelphia,  while  his  work  as  secretary  of  the  Clover  Club 
has  brought  hini  in  contact  with  a  great  many  prominent  men  from 
different  parts  of  the  country. 

Mr.  Deacon  married  Virginia  the  youngest  daughter  of  the 
late  George  Sturgcs.  who  was  for  many  years  connected  with  the 
Survey  Department.  They  have  two  children,  a  sou  and  a  daughter, 
both  ncarlv  of  age. 


AMERICAN  LINE  OF  STEAMSHIPS 

This  is  the  only  line  of  trans-Atlantic  steamships  sailing  under 
the  American  flag  between  Philadelphia  and  Liverpool  (sailing 
weekly ),  and  has  gained  a  most  excellent  reputation  for  moderate 
speed,  comfort  and  safety. 

The  names  of  the  steamers  of  the  American  Line  carrying 
saloon  passengers  are  "Ohio,"  "  Lord  Gough,"  "  British  Prince  " 
and  "  British  Princess,"  with  the  "  Lord  Clive  "  and  "Indiana" 
carrying  steerage  passengers  only  ;  one  of  which  is  scheduled  to  sail 
each  week  between  Philadelphia  and  Liverpool.  They  are  first- 
class  in  every  respect ;  are  of  4,000  tons  capacity,  and  'have  their 
accommodations  for  cabin  passengers,  including  saloons,  state 
rooms,  smoking  rooms,  bath  rooms,  etc.,  all  amidships,  on  the 
upper  deck,  and  forward  of  the  engines  and  boilers,  with  a  large 
promenade  deck  over  all,  separate  and  away  from  the  crew  and 
steerage  passengers  and  everything  of  an  objectionable  character, 
an  advantage  in  location  as  a  whole  possessed  by  no  other  trans- 
Atlantic  line. 

The  ventilation,  in  consequence  of  this  most  desirable  location 
of  the  accommodations  for  saloon  passengers,  is  perfect.  There  is 
an  absence  of  the  usual  confined  air  and  shippy  smell ,  such  as  exists 
in  most  steamships  where  the  accommodations  for  passengers  are 
below  the  main  deck.  The  attention  to  the  comfort  and  well-being 
of  those  who  sail  by  the  American  Line,  owing  to  the  moderate 
number  of  saloon  passengers  carried  by  each,  is  all  that  can  be  de- 
sired. 

The  offices  of  the  American  Line  in  this  citv  are  at  Xos.  ^05 
and  507  Walnut  street,  the  well-known  firm  of  Peter  Wright  &  Sons 
being  the  general  agents.  The  company's  other  offices  are  at  No. 
6  Bowling  Green,  New  York,  and  No.  4 "Sherman  street,  Chicago, 
where  cabin  plans,  showing  the  location  of  the  state  rooms,  sched- 
ules of  sailing  and  rates  of  passage,  can  be  had,  and  general  informa- 
tion of  interest  to  intending  passengers  obtained. 


REISSER'S 

Perhaps  the  best  known  and  most  popular  place  to  refresh  the 
inner  man  and  to  drown  care  is  Rcisser's  famous  restaurant  and  cafe, 
on  South  Fifth  street,  between  Chestnut  and  Market  streets.  This 
great  establishment  is  essentially  ami  distinctively  a  restaurant. 
It  has  no  nationality,  but  its  cooking  is  unique,  and  the  visitor 
with  the  smallest  purse  can  be 
accommodated,  as  well  as  the 
bon-vivant  with  a  substantial 
roll.  Everybody  who  is  any- 
body in  Philadelphia  can  lie 
seen  at  Reisser's  at  some  time 
of  the  day.  Business  men, 
bankers,  merchants,  lawyers, 
couucilmen,  politicians,  news- 
paper men — all  congregate  with- 
in the  hospitable  walls  of  mine 
host  Reisser  ;  and  down  in  the 
Rathskeller,  in  the  afternoons, 
can  be  seen  men  about  town, 
and  prominent  actors,  who  im- 
bibe ice-cold  beer  out  of  quaint 
stone  mugs  imported  from  the 
Fatherland.  The  Rathskeller  is 
the  attraction  of  the  place,  it  is 
purely  German,  fitted  up  in 
quaint  style,  with  no  counter 
and  the  beer  being  drawn  from 
taps  in  the  wall.  The  visitor 
could  imagine  himself  in  a  bier- 
halle  in  Berlin,  Dresden  or 
Munich,  so  perfect  is  the  repre- 
sentation. Mr.  Reisser  makes 
annual  visits  to  Europe  to  watch 
the  famous  hostelries,  with  a 
view  of  introducing  all  new  im- 
provements into  his  own  estab- 
lishment. 

Reisser's,  in  fact,  is  the 
Delmonico's  of  Philadelphia, 
and  it  is  worthy  of  that  high 
classification.  The  genial  pro- 
prietor and  originator  of  this 
great  establishment  is  Charles 
H.    Reisser.      He    has    been    a 


Charles  H.  Reisser 


caterer  of  the  good  thing-  of  this  life  over  thirty  years.  He 
has  served  an  apprenticeship  in  some  of  the  most  famous  hotels 
and  restaurants  in  Europe,  and  he  has  been  identified  with  the 
best  cafes  and  inns  in  tins  country.  His  experience  is  in  fact 
world-wide.  In  1S59  he  was  an  apprentice  in  the  English  Hot",  at 
Frankfort-on-the-Main,  then  he  was  at  the  Hotel  de  la  Metropole 
at  Geneva,  and  then  he  graduated  in  cooking  in  Milan,  Zurich,  the 
Hotel  de  France  at  Nice.  Mar- 
seilles, the  Hotel  Schweizerhof 
at  Luzerne,  the  Hotel  Beaumont 
at  Lyons  and  the  Hotel  Beau 
Rivagc  at  Ouchy,  on  Lake 
Geneva. 

Mr.  Reisser  arrived  in 
New  York  in  1S66.  full  of  expe- 
rience and  ambition.  His  first 
position  was  at  Bang's  restau- 
rant, on  Broadway,  then  he 
jumped  to  Delmonico's.  and  he 
afterwards  gained  his  valuable 
American  experience  at  the 
Maisou-d'ore,  the  old  Belvedere, 
the  Hoffman  House,  the  Gilscv 
House  and  the  Bruuswick.  In 
the  Centennial  year,  1S76,  Mr. 
Reisser  came  to  Philadelphia  as 
cashier  of  Lauber's  famous  res- 
taurant on  the  same  spot  that 
his  present  large  establishment 
now  stands.  In  a  year  or  two 
he  became  Mr.  Lauber's  partner, 
and  on  the  latter 's  death  he  be- 
came sole  proprietor.  By  his 
energy  and  tact  he  has  gradually 
increased  the  business  until  it  is 
second  to  none  in  the  city.  For 
cooling,  refreshing  drinks,  for 
well  cooked  viands,  and  a  hearty 
welcome  from  a  genial  host 
everybody  goes  to  Reisser's. 
And  as  the  poet  says  : 

"  We'lcan   live  without  music, 

live  without  books, 

But   a   civilized    man    cannot 

live  without  cooks." 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHLANS. 


IRON  HALL  AND  MUTUAL  BANKING,  SURETY  AND  TRUST  COMPANY. 


IRON   HALL 

The  Order  of  the  Iron  Hall  was  organized 
March  28.  [SSl,  and  is  an  incorporated  co- 
operative fraternity  offering  pecuniary  aid  and 
protection  to  all  acceptable  white  persons,  by  a 
method  that  is  extremely  simple,  and  at  a  cost 
that  is  so  economical  as  to  he  within  the  reach 
of  all.  It  occupies  a  field  that  is  wholly  original 
and  its  success  has  been  phenomenal. 

Ten  vears  ago  it  began  with  thirty  charter 
members  and  to-day  it  has  63,000  subscribers 
and  1.355  branches.  The  home  of  the  Order  is 
at  Iron  Hall  Building,  Indianapolis,  Indiana, 
but  the  business  done  in  the  east  has  so  in- 
creased that  a  new  building  called  the  Iron  Hall 
Temple  is  in  course  of  erection  on  Broad  street 
next  to  the  Academy  of  Fine  Arts.  The  new 
home  of  the  corporation  will  be  of  the  Gothic 
stvie  of  architecture,  and  from  the  second-story 
upwards,  there  will  be  a  tower  on  the  corner,  as 
shown  in  the  cut,  to  run  the  entire  height  of  the 
building,  surmounted  with  a  copper  vane,  which 
gives  a  line  outlook  down  Broad  street  from  the 
corner  moms.  < in  the  other  corner  is  a  smaller 
tower  running  to  thereof.  The  building  will  be 
tire-prooi  and  will  contain  one  hundred  elegant 
oifices,  cine  entire  floor  for  artists'  studios,  1 
number  of  lodge  rooms,  an  auditorium  -eating 
r.200  people,  and  splendid  offices  for  the  Mutual 
Banking  and  Trust  Company.  Every  modern 
convenience  and  appliance  will  be  used  to  render 
it  one  of  the  most  perfect  and  ornamental  build- 
ings in  the  city. 

The  present  ifficcs  of  the  Order  are  at  Xo. 
i;i7  Arch  street.  The  Supreme  Justice  is  F.  D. 
Somerbv,  of  Indianapolis,  and  H.  G.  Williams 
is  the  Pennsylvania  representative. 

The  Order  of  the  Iron  Hall  lias  prospered  in 
the  face  of  many  obstacles  and  despite  the  bitter 
attacks  of  a  host  of  enemies.  But  it  has  tri- 
umphed over  all  envy,  hatred  and  malice,  and  it 
stands  to-day  on  a  -trong  and  lasting  foundation  with  a  gross  reserve 
fund  at  the  end  of  1891  of  51.371, 747-33.  and  last  year  the  call  on  the 
reserve  fund  of  one-seventh  was  not  made  for  the  reason  that  there 
was  no  need  of  the  money.  The  Iron  Hall  has  proved  its  useful- 
ness and  its  stability  beyond  all  doubt.  In  many  a  home  in  this 
city  light  has  been  shed  by  its  aid  in  the  hour  of  deepest  darkness. 
Mourning  has  been  turned  to  joy  and  the  fears  of  the  widow  that 
her  children  might  want  bread  have  been  banished  by  the  interven- 
tion of  the  brotherhood  in  which  the  dead  husband  trusted.  Many 
a  man  has  gone  to  his  morning's  work  not  knowing  what  might 
happen,  but  conscious  that  in  case  of  accident  thousands  of  his 
brothers  would  be  aroused  to  stand  by  him,  and  if  death  came  a 
nation  within  a  nation  would  with  one  encircling  hand  shelter  the 
lonely  widow  and  succor  the  fatherless  children. 


THE 


MUTUAL    BANKING.  SURETY,    TRUST    AND  SAFE 
DEPOSIT  COMPANY 


The  Mutual  Banking,  Surety.  Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Companv 
of  Xo.  1517  Arch  street  is  the  direct  outcome  of  the  enormous 
growth  of  the  Order  of  the  Iron  Hall.  It  was  opened  on  Januarv 
7,  1N90,  at  Xo.  831  Arch  street  and  removed  to  its  present  offices  on 
January  1,  1.N91.  The  Company  transacts  a  general  banking,  trust 
and  surety  business  and  makes  a  specialty,  under  its  charter,  of  act- 


Iron    Hall  Temple 

ing  as  surety  on  bonds  of  the  officers  of  fraternal  associations.'  The 
authorized  capital  is  Jl, 000, 000.  The  banking  department  is  open 
to  all  classes  for  business,  and  special  attention  is  paid  to  society  de- 
posits in  the  belief  that  fraternities  and  societies  are  greatly  bene- 
fited by  having  their  business  transacted  through  an  institution  hav- 
ing a  financial  interest  in  its  patrons.  The  plan  of  conducting  the 
business  is  most  conservative,  and  the  bank  has  strengthened  and 
extended  its  usefulness  most  rapidly  under  the  able  management  of 
the  President,  Dr.  D.  G.  Paucoast,  and  the  Treasurer,  J.  Heurv 
Hayes 

When  the  new  Iron  Hall  Temple  is  completed  the  Mutual 
Banking  and  Trust  Company  will  move  into  palatial  quarters  in 
that  building  and  then  the  business  will  develop  to  still  greater 
proportions.  Mr.  Haves,  the  Treasurer  of  the  Bank,  is  Supreme 
Trustee  of  the  Order  of  the  Iron  Hall  and  the  greater  part  of  the 
business  of  the  Order  in  Philadelphia  passes  through  his  hands. 
Some  idea  of  the  magnitude  of  the  business  done  can  be  found  by 
the  statement  made  by  the  Supreme  Justice.  F.  D.  Somerbv,  at  the 
seventh  anniversary  of  Local  Branch,  Xo.  201,  at  Industrial  Hall  in 
September  iast.     Mr.  Somerbv  said  : 

"  We  have  at  the  present  time  in  Philadelphia.  5,827  mem- 
bers and  57  subordinate  Branches,  55  Locals  and  24  Sisterhoods. 
The  amount  of  benefits  drawn  during  the  past  ten  and  a  half  years 
by  Philadelphia  members  is  5755.S25.00,  of  which  sum  52S3.S1S.00 
represents  claims  for  sickness  and  accident,  and  547l.5°7-°°  final 
benefits." 

As  long  as  the  Order  of  the  Iron  Hall  flourishes  so  will  the  Mu- 
tual Banking,  Surety,  Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Company  prosper  and 
extend  its  usefulness  all  over  the  State. 


24S 


Born  near  Philadelphia,  December  24,  1745 
Physician       Scientist       Signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence 

erhaps,  IN  America  was  better  known,  more  sincerely  loved,  or  meld  in  higher  admiration  and  esteem 

Died  in  1813 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


MEDICAL  SCHOOLS  AND  COLLEGES. 


r 


T   is  well  said   in   the  preface  to  this  work  that  the  City  of 
Philadelphia  stands  pre-eminent  in  its  medical  schools  anil 
colleges.     This  truism  is  not  the  new  growth  of  to-day,  nor 
is  it  born  of  that  feeling  that  is  animating  the  minds  and 
thoughts  of  its  citizens  and  shaping  its  ends  towards  the  new 
Philadelphia.     Rather  is  it  part  of  the  life  blood  of  the  old  city 
itself,    which    flowing   uninterruptedly   since   its  very  birth,  its 
pulsations  tingling  in  every  vein  of  the  inhabitable  globe,   bequeath- 
ing each  successive  year  its  brilliant  galaxy   of  perfected   phvsicians  to   the 
tour  corners   ot   the  earth,    that  has  stamped  the  City  of  Philadelphia   as   pre- 
eminent in  its  medical  schools  and  colleges. 
There  are  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia  seven  different  institutions  for  medical  training: 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  Thirty-sixth  and  Woodland  avenue;   the  Jefferson  Medical 
College  of  Philadelphia,  Tenth  street,  below  Chestnut;  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College,  North 
Broad  street,   near  Race ;   the  Medico-Chirurgical  College  of  Philadelphia,  Cherry  street  and 
Eighteenth;   the  Women's  Medical   College  of  Pennsylvania,   Twenty-first  and  North  College 
avenue;   the  Philadelphia  Polyclinic  and  College  for  Graduates  in  Medicine,  on  Lombard  street, 
near  Eighteenth,  and   the   Pennsylvania   School   of  Anatomy  and   Surgery.     In   addition   to  these 
there  are  numerous  hospitals  and  homes  for  the  charitable  care  of  the  sick  and  the  poor. 

The  oldest  in  point  of  service  is  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital,  organized  in  1751;  the  Episcopal 
Hospital,  Front  street  and  Lehigh  avenue  ;  the  St.  Joseph's  Hospital,  Seventeenth  street  and  Girard 
avenue;  St.  Mary's.  Frankford  avenue  and  Palmer  street;  the  Hospital  of  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania. West  Spruce  street,  between  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-sixth  ;  the  Howard  Hospital  and 
Infirmary  for  Incurables;  the  German  Hospital,  corner  Girard  and  Corinthian  avenues:  the  German- 
town  Hospital,  Shoemaker's  Lane,  near  Chew  street,  Germantown  ;  the  Honueopathic  Hospital, 
Fifteenth  street,  near  Race:  the  Jefferson  Medical  College  Hospital,  on  Sansom  street;  the  Jewish 
Hospital  Association,  in  the  Twenty-third  Ward  :  the  Presbyterian  Hospital,  on  Thirty-ninth  street,  near  Filbert,  and  the  St.  Agnes 
Hospital,  on  South  Eroad  street.  In  addition  to  these  there  are  special  hospitals  organized  for  special  purposes,  such  as  the  Wills  Eye 
Hospital,  the  Orthopedic  Hospital  and  Infirmary  for  Nervous  Diseases,  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  the  House  for  Con- 
sumpti  in.  the  House  for  Incurables,  the  Friends'  Asylum  for  the  Insane,  the  Woman's  Hospital,  the  Charity  Hospital  of  Philadelphia, 
the  Preston  Retreat,  the  Lying-in  Charity  and  Nurse  School,  the  Maternity  Hospital,  the  Pennsylvania  Homoeopathic  Hospital,  the 
Children's  Hospital,  the  Hospital  of  the  Good  Shepherd  for  Children,  the  Pennsylvania  Training  School  for  Feeble  Minded  Children, 
and  the  St.  Christopher  -  Hospital   for  Children. 

The  Medical  Department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  is  the  pride  of  the  State.  Through  the  careful  guidance  and  executive 
ability  of  Dr.  William  Pepper,  it  is  known  to-day  in  every  land  where  the  English  language  is  spoken.  This  venerable  institution, 
the  oldest  of  its  class  in  the  United  States,  was  founded  in  1705  by  Dr.  John  Morgan,  who  filled  in  it  the  first  medical  professor- 
ship created  in  America.  To  Dr.  Morgan  was  soon  joined  Dr.  William  Shippen  as  Professor  of  Anatomy  and  Surgery.  In  the 
next  year  Dr.  Adam  Kuhn  was  added  as  Professor  of  Botany  and  Materia  Medica,  and  in  June,  176S,  a  "  Commencement  was  held" 
at  which  medical  honors  were  bestowed,  the  first  in  point  of  time  in  America.  In  1709  Dr.  Benjamin  Rush  was  elected  Professor  of 
Chemistry  and  Dr.  Thomas  Bond  of  Clinical  Medicine.  To  the  faculty  thus  composed  of  Morgan.  Shippen.  Kuhn,  Rush  and  Bond 
have  succeeded  at  various  times  professors  whose  reputations  have  been  national,  such  as  Barton,  Wistar.  Chapman,  Physick,  Dewees, 
Horner,  Hare,  Gibson.  Jackson,  Wood,  Hodge,  Rodgers,  Carson,  the  elder  Pepper,  Francis  Gurney,  Smith  Neil,  and  Henrv  H.  Smith. 
The  number  of  its  graduates  up  to  the  last  report  is  ten  thousand,  two  hundred  and  thirtv-six. 

To  the  General  Department  of  Medicine  is  added  the  Auxiliary  Department,  whose  faculty  supplements  the  customary  winter  course 
of  medical  instruction  by  lecture  or  branch  of  science  essential  to  the  thorough  education  of  the  physician.  This  course  is  essentially 
post  graduate.  To  the  Medical  Department  is  also  added  one  of  the  best  equipped  hospitals  in  the  United  States,  situated  on  a  plot  of 
ground  between  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-sixth  streets  and  Spruce  and  Pine  streets,  given  by  the  citv  to  the  University  of  Pennsylvania. 
Next  in  point  of  years,  but  co-equal  in  reputation,  comes  the  Jefferson,  formerly  the  Washington  and  Jefferson,  now  known  famil- 
iarly by  its  matriculators  in  all  portions  of  the  world  as  "Jeff."  There  is  no  college  in  the  world  which  has  sent  forth  so  many 
brilliant  and  successful  medical  men  as  the  Jefferson  Medical  College  of  Philadelphia.  Its  Gross,  its  DaCosta,  its  Keen,  its  Hare  ei  ul.,  are 
all  products  of  the  Tenth  street  institution.  To  name  the  brilliant  array  of  successful  practitioners  who  have  made  themselves  a  name 
anil  have  forced  a  recognition  of  their  individuality  would  take  up  far  more  pages  than  this  book  contains. 

The  Hahnemann  Medical  College  comes  next  in  order.  Its  "Similia  Similibus  Curantur"is  known  iu  every  house.  A  history 
of  its  success  will  be  found  on  another  page. 

The  Philadelphia  Polyclinic  and  College  for  Graduates  in  Medicine,  as  its  name  implies,  was  organized  as  an  institution  for  giving 
advanced  instruction  in  medicine  and  surgery.  It  was  chartered  March  ig,  1SS3.  The  first  Board  of  Trustees  consisted  of  the  following 
gentlemen  :  R.  J.  Levis,  M.  D.,  President  ;  Henry  Leffman,  M.  D.,  Treasurer  ;  John  B.  Roberts,  M.  D.,  Secretary  ;  J.  Solis  Cohen,  M.  D., 
Thos.  G.  Morton,  M.  D.,  Chas.  K.  Mills,  M.  D..  and  Geo.  C.  Harlan,  M.  D.  The  first  pupil  matriculated  March  26,  LSS3.  To-day  the  College 
Department  consists  of  twenty-three  separate  divisions,  and.  as  its  last  report  shows,  eighty-eight  pupil  physicians  attended  the  department 
during  the  year.  Its  present  college  and  hospital  is  located  on  Lombard  street,  between  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  streets.  It  is  specially 
built  to  meet  the  requirements  of  combining  in  one  institution  all  of  the  peculiar  advantages  to  be  derived  from  those  hospitals  which  are 
devoted  to  the  treatment  of  a  single  class  of  diseases,  known  as  special  hospitals,  and  is  specially  arranged  to  facilitate  carrying  out  the 
essential  character  of  practical  teaching,  in  which  pupils  who  are  practitioners  of  medicine  may  be  brought  in  classes  into  direct  contact 
with  the  patients. 

Following  may  be  found  short  biographical  sketches  of  the  leading  graduates  of  each  of  the  above  named  institutions,  and  a  record 
is  thus  made  that  should  be  a  pride  to  every  public  spirited  citizen. 


250 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MEDICAL  SCHOOLS  AND  COLLEGES. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  PENNSYLVANIA 

The  University  of  Pennsylvania  is  the  outgrowth  of  the  wise 
solicitude  of  Benjamin  Franklin  for  the  promotion  of  education  in 
a  rapidly  growing  province.  In  1743  he  published  an  outline  of 
his  plan,  but  it  was  not  until  1749  when  funds  were  collected  and  a 
Board  of  Trustees  created  to  establish  "The  Academy  and  Charitable 
School  of  the  province  of  Pennsylvania."  This  was  dulv  chartered  by 
Thomas  and  Richard  Penn.  Three  schools,  the  English,  Latin  and 
Mathematical  were  established,  with  a  free  primary  school  open  to 
both  sexes.  The  enterprise  was  extended  by  an  amendment  of  the 
charter  in  1755  under  the  title  of  "  The  Trustees  of  the  College, 
Academy  and  Charity  School  of  Philadelphia."  The  institution 
soon  became  generally  known  as  the  College  of  Philadelphia,  and 
regularly  conferred  degrees. 

The  first  Provost  was  the  Rev.  William  Smith,  D.  D.,  to  whose 
ripe  scholarship,  advanced  educational  ideas  and  strong  character 
much  of  the  success  of  the  college  was  due.  The  first  commence- 
ment was  held  on  May  17,  1757,  when  seven  graduates  received  the 
degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts.  The  college  was  first  located  on  Fourth 
street,  below  Mulberry,  in  a  building  erected  as   a   preaching  place 


subsequently  endowed  the  "  Towne  Scientific  School  "  for  the  crea- 
tion of  a  new  scientific  department,  parallel  to  a  great  extent  with 
the  old  Art  course,  and  leading  to  a  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Science, 
followed  by  special  technical  degrees  in  chemistrv  and  various 
branches  of  engineering.  Charles  Lennig  added  to  the  importance 
of  this  department  by  an  endowment  almost  equal  to  Mr.  Towne's. 
In  1S81  Joseph  Wharton  endowed  a  new  course  called  the  Wharton 
School  of  F'inance  and  Economy,  and  a  distinct  school  has  grown 
from  this  course,  that  of  American  History,  which  has  an  historical 
library  unique  in  its  collections  of  Colonial  and  State  laws  and  works 
on  Finance  and  Political  Economy,  and  known  as  the  Wharton 
School  Library.  A  department  of  Biology  was  established  in  1884 
bv  the  munificence  of  Dr.  Horace  Jayne,  and  provided  with  every 
facility  for  the  practical  study  of  natural  history.  All  these  out- 
growths of  the  original  department  of  Arts  were  consolidated  with 
the  College  Department,  in  which  arts,  science,  finance,  architec- 
ture, music  and  natural  history  are  represented  by  distinct  courses 
leading  to  appropriate  degrees.  The  Medical  Department  is  that 
which  has  gained  the  University  its  widest  fame,  and  is  referred  to  in 
the  introduction  to  medicine  on  opposite  page.  Closely  allied  to 
the  Medical  are  the  Dental  and  Veterinary  Departments.  Then 
there  are  the  Department  of 
Law.  the  Department  of  Philoso- 
phy, to  which  the  graduates  of 
other  departments  come  for  post- 
graduate study  and  research,  the 
Department  of  Physical  Culture, 
the  University  Athletic  Asso- 
ciation, and  a  splendid  library 
which  has  a  fitting  casket  in  a 
magnificent  new  building  which 
cost  over  J200.000. 

In  addition  to  the  regular 
departments  are  numerous  aux- 
iliary organizations,  such  as  the 
Museum  of  Archeology  and 
PaUeontology,  with  an  Archeo- 
logical  Association  ;  the  Uni- 
versity Lecture  Association  and 
the  University  Extension  move- 
ment, the  Nurses'  School  and 
Home  attached  to  the  Hospital, 
and  the  Laboratory  of  Marine 
Biology.  All  these  together 
make  up  the  University,  which 
not  onlv  depends  upon  but  rep- 
resents Philadelphia's  best  men 
in  all  the  generations  of  the  last 
century  and  a  half,  and  deserves 
the  just  pride  and  heartv  good 
will  of  every  citizen  who  has  at 
heart  the  fame  and  prosperitv  of 
the  citv  and  the  State. 


The   University  of  Pennsylvania 

for  the  celebrated  Whitfield.  In  1763  there  were  400  students  and 
an  additional  building  had  to  be  erected.  Then  the  institution  had 
to  go  through  a  period  of  tribulation  and  to  struggle  against  finan- 
cial and  denominational  troubles.  In  1779  the  Legislature  escheated 
the  property  of  the  college  and  endowed  a  new  corporation,  "  The 
University  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,"  the  result  being  that  two 
rival  organizations  struggled  for  existence  until,  in  1791,  they  wisely 
consolidated  under  the  title  of  "  The  University  of  Pennsylvania." 

Thus  re-constructed  the  University  outgrew  its  accommodations 
on  Fourth  street,  and  in  1S00  it  purchased  the  property  on  Ninth 
street,  from  Market  to  Chestnut  (on  which  site  the  present  post- 
office  now  stands).  The  purchase  money  was  541,650,  and  in  1S74 
the  Government  paid  55°o,ooo  for  a  part  of  the  land.  In  1829  a 
fine  college  building  and  medical  hall  were  erected  with  a  broad 
campus  between,  and  for  nearly  half  a  century  the  college  increased 
rapidly  in  importance  and  numbers.  In  1S73  another  move  was 
necessary,  and  a  lot  of  ground  was  acquired  in  West  Philadelphia, 
where  extensive  buildings  were  erected  to  accommodate  the  hun- 
dreds of  students.  From  time  to  time,  partly  by  donations  and  partly 
by  direct  purchase,  other  plots  were  added,  until  now  the  college 
owns  forty  acres  of  laud  which  is  largely  occupied  by  handsome 
U/niversity  buildings  which  are  the  pride  and  glory  of  Philadelphia. 

The  original  college  was  to  teach  the  liberal  arts,  and  its  curricu- 
lum was  the  old  and  well  approved  one  in  classics,  mathematics  and 
philosophy,  broadened  as  the  increase  of  knowledge  required,  but 
essentially  the  same  throughout  the  world.    John  Henry  Towne 


THE  JEFFERSON   MEDICAL  COLLEGE   AND    HOSPITAL 

This  famous  institution  is  about  rounding  up  its  three  score 
years  and  ten  with  more  than  the  vigor  of  its  vouth.  It  has  about 
ten  thousand  graduates,  many  of  whom  have  been  conspicuous  as 
doctors  and  teachers  in  all  parts  of  the  world.  Its  present  teaching 
corps,  including  its  dispensary  staff,  numbers  one  hundred  and  ten, 
and  in  its  faculty  at  present  are  J.  M.  Da  Costa,  Roberts  Bartholow, 
Henrv  C.  Chapman,  John  H.  Brinton.  Theophilus  Parvin,  James 
W.  Holland,  William  S.  Forbes,  William  W.  Keen,  Morris  Long- 
streth,  H.  A.  Hare,  William  Thomson,  and  J.  Soils  Cohen. 

The  college  buildings  are  situated  on  Tenth  street  between 
Chestnut  and  Walnut,  and  Sansom  street  between  Tenth  and 
Eleventh,  and  consist  of  the  Medical  Hall,  the  Laboratory  Building, 
and  the  Jefferson  Medical  College  Hospital. 

The  Medical  Hall,  which  is  the  original  college  building,  con- 
tains two  spacious  and  well-arranged  lecture  rooms.  In  respect  to 
seating  capacity,  acoustic  properties,  light  and  ventilation,  these 
rooms  are  admirably  suited  to  their  purpose.  This  building  con- 
tains, also,  a  very  large  and  well-ventilated  dissecting  room,  pro- 
vided with  ample  light,  water,  and  all  other  conveniences  for  the 
study  of  practical  anatomy  ;  and  the  laboratories  of  pharmacy  and 
experimental  therapeutics,  of  obstetrics  and  gynaecology,  and  of 
pathological  histology  and  anatomy,  which  arc  commodious,  bril- 
liantly lighted  with  electricity  and  completely  equipped  with  the 
appliances  required  for  work  in  these  departments. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


The  Museum. — Founded  more  than  half  a  century  ago,  the 
Museum  has  grown  with  the  college,  and  has  annually  increased  in 
the  number  and  variety  of  its  specimens  illustrating  the  normal 
and  morbid  anatomy  of  every  part  of  the  human  body. 

The  Museum  contains  the  extensive  and  valuable  collection  of 
the  late  Professor  S.  D.  Gross,  M.  D.,  which  was  formed  by  him 
during  his  long  career  in  surgical  practice. 

It  occupies  a  distinct  and  capacious  apartment  in  the  college 
building,  and  is  open  daily,  throughout  the  session,  to  matriculated 
students. 

The  Laboratory  building  is  immediately  adjacent  to  the  Medical 
hall,  and  contains  the  laboratories  of  chemistry,  of  physiolog3-  and 
normal  histology,  and  of  operative  and  minor  surgery,  the  Dean's 
office  and  Faculty  room.  The  laboratories  are  capacious,  well- 
lighted  by  electricity  and  completely  arranged  for  the  purposes  to 
which  they  are  applied. 

The  Hospital  of  the  Jefferson  Medical  College  is  situated  im- 
mediately west  of  the  college,  fronting  on  Sansom  street,  and  is 
bounded  on  three  sides  by  streets,  and  by  a  wide  private  passage 
way  on  the  fourth  side.  In  connection  with  the  hospital  is  the  out- 
patient or  dispensary  department  of  the  college,  which  furnishes 
valuable  material  for  clinical  instruction.  The  amphitheatre  for 
clinical  lectures  is  one  of  the  largest  and  most  convenient  in  the 
United  States.  The  most  approved  appliances  for  heating  and 
ventilating  have  been  provided,  and,  in  architectural  construction, 
and  all  desirable  conveniences,  this  hospital  is  at  least  equal  to  any 
American  clinical  hospital. 


JOSHUA  G.  ALLEN.  M.D. 

The  vears  covering  the  decade  from  lS30to  1S40  have  produced 
manv  noted  phvsicians.  and  among  those  who  were  born  within 
that  period  may  be  mentioned  as  deserving  more  than  passing 
notice,  Joshua  G.  Allen,  M.  D.  He  was  born  in  Marple  township, 
Delaware  county,  Pennsylvania,  on  April  23,  1S32.  On  the 
maternal  side  ithe  Jacobs  1  of  good  old  Ouaker  stock  whose  ancestor 
was  a  friend  and  companion  of  Win.  Pcini.  ami  is  the  son  of  George 
Ii.  Allen,  also  of  Ouaker  lineage  with  a  sprinkling  of  Huguenot 
blood.  Dr.  Allen's  earlier  education  was  received  from  the  Ouaker 
schools  of  West-town,  Penna.  Afterwards  entering  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania,  from  which  he  graduated  in  March.  1S56.  For 
thirty  vears  Dr.  Allen  has  been  connected  with  that  worthy  insti- 
tution, the  Philadelphia  Lying-in-Charity  and  Xurses'  Training 
School.  As  a  teacher  he  is  probably  more  widely  known  than  as  a 
practitioner;  he  having  the  largest  classes  of  any  teacher  in  Obstet- 
rics, almost  without  exception,  in  the  city.  His  private  practice  is 
devoted  almost  exclusively  to  that  of  consulting  surgeon,  with 
special  leaning  towards  Orthopaedic  surgery.  Among  the  most 
notable  operations  he  has  performed  in  his  long  career  is  that  of 
transfusion  of  blood  ;  he  being  the  first  to  successfully  perform  that 
operation  in  this  country.  He  has  repeated  it  a  number  of  times 
since  then  with  unvarying  success.  Dr.  Allen  is  one  of  the  original 
members  of  the  Obstetrical  Society  of  this  city,  and  is  a  member  of 
the  American  Medical  Association  as  well  as  the  County  Medical 
Society.  He  has  written  a  number  of  articles  to  the  different  medi- 
cal journals  and  has  the  satisfaction  of  knowing  that  among  his 
students  are  some  of  the  most  eminent  surgeons  in  the  countrv. 


WILMER  R.  BATT.  M.D. 

Wilmer  R.  Batt,  M.  D.,  was  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  March 
12,  1S59,  the  son  °f  Charles  Batt,  a  prosperous  farmer  of  that  sec- 
tion. After  graduating  from  the  Phoenixville  High  School  he 
entered  the  Tremont  Seminary  at  Norristown.  From  there  he 
went  to  the  Armstrong  Academy  of  Western  Pennsylvania.  In  his 
twentv-second  year  he  matriculated  at  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, Medical  department,  from  whence  he  graduated  after  a  three 
years  course,  in  May,  1SS4.  Since  receiving  his  diploma  his  suc- 
cesses have  been  continuous  and  uninterrupted.  Shortly  after 
graduating  he  was  appointed  District  Physician  for  the  Board  of 
Charities  and  Correction  for  the  Twenty-ninth  ward.  He  also 
served  as  Vaccine  Phvsician  of  the  Board  of  Health  for  the  Four- 
teeuth  and  Fifteenth  wards. 

He  is  Assistant  Surgeon,  Battery  A,  of  the  First  Brigade,  and 
Major  and  Surgeon  of  the  Third  Regiment,  Pennsylvania  State 
Militia.  He  is  also  Surgeon  to  the  Charity  Hospital  of  Philadel- 
phia, member  of  the  County  Medical  and  Northwestern  Medical 
Societies.  He  served  as  Resident  Physician  to  the  Maternity  Hos- 
pital, also  in  Dispensary  of  Children's  Hospital.  Dr.  Batt  has  been 
a    frequent    contributor   to   the   medical    and   lay   journals.       His 


article  on  Calotomy  was  awarded  the  Alumni  Prize  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania!  It  afterwards  appeared  in  the  American 
Journal  of  Medical  Science,  and  the  statistics  embraced  in  it  were 
used  by  Dr.  Ashurst  in  the  American  Cyclopedia  of  Surgerv. 
Whilst  abroad,  in  1SS4,  attending  the  International  Medical  Con- 
gress at  Copenhagen,  he  made  a  careful  study  of  cholera,  which  was 
then  epidemic  iu  the  south  of  France.  This  he  embraced  in  a 
series  of  letters  which  were  published  in  the  papers  of  this  country. 
Dr.  Batt  married  Miss  Charlotte,  daughter  of  Thomas  P.  Walker,  of 
Montgomery  county,  Pa.  His  practice  is  a  general  one  and  his 
clientele  contains  the  names  of  some  of  Philadelphia's  best  citizens 
in  the  northwestern  section. 


LOUIS  G.  BAUER,  M.D. 


Louis  G.  Bauer,  M.  D.,  is  the  son  of  Dr.  Frederick  Bauer,  a 
celebrated  German  physician.  He  was  born  in  Germanv  April  19, 
1S46.  His  father,  Dr.  Frederick  Bauer,  gave  him  all  the  advan- 
tages of  a  good  classical  education.  In  his  tenth  year  he  was  placed 
in  charge  of  a  private  tutor,  and  for  the  next  succeeding  five  years 
spent  his  time  in  study  and  travel.  Returning  home  in  his  fifteenth 
year  it  was  decided  to  have  him  continue  the  profession  of  his 
father.  Before  doing  so  and  to  broaden  his  mind  and  character  he 
was  sent  on  a  visit  to  this  country.  His  visit  has  continued  until 
the  present  day.  Settling  in  Philadelphia  he  entered  the  drug  busi- 
ness, and  in  1865  formed  a  partnership  and  opened  a  store  at  the 
corner  of  Eighth  and  Poplar  streets.  He  afterwards  moved  to  his 
present  location.  In  1866  he  married  the  youngest  daughter  of 
the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Demme.  an  eminent  divine  and  a  much  loved 
pastor  of  the  /ion  Lutheran  Church.  He  has  two  sons,  the 
elder,  Dr.  L.  1 'emme  Bauer,  and  the  younger,  Edward  J.,  now 
in  his  academic  year  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania.  In  1S6.S 
Dr.  Louis  G.  Bauer  entered  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  Medi- 
cal Department,  and  graduated  in  1872.  He  is  also  a  graduate  of 
the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Northern  Medical  Society,  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Associa- 
tion, the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy  and  an  elder  in  the 
Zion  Lutheran  Church  for  the  past  ten  years.  He  takes  an  active 
interest  in  the  different  beneficial  and  secret  societies  of  which  he 
is  a  member.  He  is  a  Past  Master  of  Columbia  Lodge,  No.  9r.  of 
Masons,  and  also  Harmony  Chapter,  No.  52  :  he  is  Past  Noble 
( irand  of  the  <  >rdcr  of  Odd  Fellows,  and  Past  Chief  Patriarch  Har- 
rison Encampment  Minerva  Lodge,  I.  O.  of  O.  F. 


THOMAS   HEWSON   BRADFORD,  M.  D. 

There  arc  but  few  men  in  Philadelphia  who  can  boast  of  such 
a  lineage  as  Dr.  Thomas  Hewson  Bradford.  For  seven  generations 
the  name  has  been  brought  down  untarnished  and  unsullied  and  is 
now  borne  by  the  subject  of  this  sketch  with  credit  and  honor.  No 
epoch  in  the  history  of  Philadelphia  is  complete  without  mention 
of  one  or  the  other  of  this  notable  family.  In  the  Roster  of  the 
Sons  of  the  Revolution,  of  which  honorable  body  he  is  a  prominent 
member.  Dr.  Bradford  is  noted  as  the  great-great-grandson  of 
Colonel  William  Bradford,  of  the  Pennsylvania  Militia  and  Chair- 
man of  the  Naval  Board,  whose  son,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Thomas 
Bradford,  was  Deputv  Commissary  of  Prisoners  in  the  Continental 
Army.  On  the  maternal  side  the  great-grandson  of  Samuel  Cald- 
well,'of  the  Philadelphia  Troop  of  Light  Horse  and  Paymaster  Con- 
tinental Array,  and  also  on  the  Bradford  side  the  great-grandson  of 
Captain  John  Inskeep,  of  the  New  Jersey  Militia,  and  Commissary 
of  Issues  of  New  Jersey  and  Mayor  of  Philadelphia  in  1S00,  1S04 
and  1805. 

Dr.  James  H.  Bradford,  the  father  of  Thomas  Hewson,  was 
born  in  Philadelphia,  November,  1S02,  and  passed  some  years  of 
his  life  in  Canton,  China,  first  as  Resident  Physician  and  "later  as 
organizer  and  chief  of  the  Hospital  for  American  residents.  The 
medical  strain  in  this  remarkable  family  may  be  readily  traced  to 
Dr.  Thomas  T.  Hewson,  the  grand-uncle  of  Thomas  Hewson  Brad- 
ford and  son  of  William  Hewson,  the  celebrated  anatomist  and 
physiologist,  who  was  a  eotemporary  of  John  and  William  Hunter, 
England's  most  distinguished  surgeons  of  the  last  century.  Dr: 
Bradford  was  born  July  16th,  184S,  in  this  city  and  graduated  in 
medicine  at  the  Jefferson  Medical  College  in  1871.  He  was  an 
office  student  of  Dr.  Addincll  Hewson  from  whom  he  received  a 
valuable  training.  Since  graduating  he  has  occupied  mauy  im- 
portant positions  in  the  medical  world.  Shortly  after  graduating 
he  was  appointed  Resident  Physician  at  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital, 
continuing  until  October,  1S70.  He  was  District  Physician,  Phila- 
delphia Dispensary,  for  three  years ;  Physician  to  the  Department  of 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


Diseases  of  Women,  Howard  Hospital  ;  Gynaecological  Out-Patient 
Department,  Pennsylvania  Hospital,  and  Dispensary  staff  of  the 
Children's  Hospital.  He  is  a  Fellow,  College  of  Physicians  of  Phila- 
delphia ;  member  of  the  Obstetrical  Society  of  Philadelphia,  Phila- 
delphia County  Medical  Society  ;  Medical  Society  State  of  Penn- 
sylvania ;  member  of  Historical  Society  State  of  Pennsylvania  ; 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  and  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Society,  Sons  of  the  Revolution. 


LEWIS  BR1NTON,  M.  D. 

The  name  of  Brinton  is  closely  allied  with  the  history  of  medi- 
cine in  this  city.  Among  the  younger  members  of  this  celebrated 
family  mav  be  found  Dr.  Lewis  Brinton.  He  was  born  October 
nth,  1861,  in  Delaware  county,  Pennsylvania.  His  father,  Frede- 
ric C.  Brinton,  being  one  of  the  largest  land  owners  of  that  section. 
Lewis  Brinton,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  began  his  education  at 
Hunter  Worrell's  Academy  at  West  Chester,  after  which  he  entered 
Swarthmore  College  where  he 
received  the  finishing  touches 
to  his  classical  education. 
Taking  the  cue  from  his  uncle, 
Professor  D.  G.  Brinton,  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  wishing  to  emulate  his  ex- 
ample to  the  best  of  his  ability, 
the  younger  Brinton  prepared 
himself  for  a  medical  training. 
He  entered  the  Jefferson  Medi- 
cal College  of  this  city  in  1879, 
and  after  a  three  years  course 
he  received  his  diploma.  Thus 
equipped  with  all  that  the  law 
required  for  the  practice  of 
medicine,  Dr.  Brinton  entered 
upon  a  career  which  although 
just  opening,  bids  fair  to  per- 
petuate the  name  unsullied 
and  untarnished.  After  gradu- 
ating he  took  special  courses 
in  different  branches  allied  to 
nervous  diseases.  Receiving 
the  appointment  of  Resident 
Physician  at  the  Howard  Hos- 
pital in  this  city,  he  filled  it 
with  credit  for  one  year.  He 
was  then  elected  Visiting  Phy- 
sician to  the  Nervous  Depart- 
ment of  the  Howard  Hospital 
and  to  the  Medical  Department 
of  the  Charity  Hospital.  He 
was  also  appointed  Assistant 
to  the  Nervous  Department  of 
the  Polyclinic,  which  position 
he  held  for  three  years.  His 
other  appointments  were  as 
First  Assistant  in  the  Medical 
Department  of  his  Alma  Mater, 

Jefferson  College  Hospital ;  and  afterwards  occupying  the  position 
of  Chief  of  the  Medical  Clinic  ;  also  elected  Therapeutist  at  the 
Orthopedic  Hospital  and  Infirmary  for  Nervous  Diseases.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Philadelphia  Neurological  Society,  and  for  two  years 
its  Recording  Secretary  ;  also,  a  member  of  the  Countv  Medical 
Society  ;  Pennsylvania  State  Medical  Society  ;  the  J.  M.  Da  Costa 
Medical  Society  of  Philadelphia.  A  fellow  of  the  College  of  Physi- 
cians. He  is  Secretary  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Alumni 
Association  of  Jefferson  College.  Dr.  Brinton  has  contributed  not  a 
few  articles  to  the  different  medical  journals. 


WILLIAM  BUCKBY,  M.  D. 

William  Buckby  was  born  on  January  16,  1S43,  at  Belmont, 
Ohio.  His  father,  originally  a  Philadelphiau,  emigrated  to  Ohio 
in  1S29,  but  shortly  after  the  birth  of  his  sou  William  he  returned 
to  the  city,  which  he  made  his  home.  Young  Buckby  received 
private  instructions  and  afterward  entered  the  public  schools  of  the 
city.  In  his  seventeenth  year,  although  a  mere  boy,  he  enlisted  in 
the  army,  joining  Company  I,  95th  Regiment  Volunteers.  He 
served  with  his  regiment  for  two  years  until,  at  Gaines'  Mill,  he 
received  a  wound  which  compelled  him  to  leave  the  field.     After 


recovering  he  was  appointed  in  the  recruiting  service  at  the  First 
District  Provost  Marshal's  office  in  this  city,  which  duties  he  ful- 
filled until  the  close  of  the  war.  He  was  instrumental  in  sending 
to  the  front  between  two  and  three  thousand  men.  At  the  close  of 
the  war  he  was  appointed  to  a  clerkship  in  the  Pension  Office,  whei  2 
he  served  until  he  was  transferred  to  the  revenue  service  as  Acting 
Internal  Revenue  Collector  for  the  First  District  of  revenue.  During 
this  time  he  began  the  study  of  medicine  in  his  leisure  moments. 
He  matriculated  at  the  Jefferson  Medical  College  in  1867,  gradu- 
ating in  1870.  He  was  Demonstrator  of  Anatomv  for  five  vears  at 
the  Philadelphia  School  of  Anatomy,  then  under  the  guidance  of 
Professor  U.  U.  Keen,  through  whose  instruction  he  became  quite 
proficient  as  an  anatomist.  As  a  consequence  his  earlv  years  were 
marked  by  numerous  successful  operations. 

Dr.  Buckby  owes  his  present  successful  practice  entirely  to  his 
own  exertions.  The  small-pox  epidemic  breaking  out  at  the  time 
of  his  entering  the  medical  world,  gave  him  an  opportunity  of  at 
once  jumping  into  an  active  professional  life. 

In  1885  he  was  obliged  to  relinquish  his  business  owing  to  an 
accident  received  during  a  sur- 
gical operation  which  proved 
an  attack  of  pyemia.  On  his 
recovery  he  went  to  Europe, 
traveling  through  England, 
Ireland,  Scotland,  Holland, 
France  and  Geruianv,  and 
visiting  all  the  hospitals  and 
colleges  of  those  countries. 
Returning  fully  recovered  he 
at  once  entered  the  field  again, 
and  has  been  in  continuous 
practice  ever  since. 

He  married  Miss  Jennie 
Wilson  Breese.  daughter  of 
James  Breese.  of  Buckingham. 
Bucks  county.  Pa.,  by  whom 
he  had  four  children — three 
daughters  and  a  son. 

He  is  a  prominent  mem- 
ber of  the  Masouic  Order,  is 
active  at  the  council  of  the 
County  Medical  Society  and 
also  the  Medical  Legal  Club. 
His  contributions  to  the  medi- 
cal journals  are  numerous  and 
have  attracted  much  favorable 
notice. 


CHAS.  E.  CADWALADER, 
M.D. 

There  is  scarcely  any  name 
more  closely  connected  with 
the  social  and  political  history 
of  Philadelphia  than  that  of 
Cadwalader.  Claypole  writes 
that  five  vessels  sailed  for 
America,  two  from  London, 
two  from  the  British  possessions  and  one  from  Wales.  Dr.  Edward 
Jones  had  charge  of  the  Welsh  Colony,  arriving  in  the  Schuyl- 
kill in  August,  and  Pcnu  following  two  months  later.  This  Dr. 
Jones  was  the  grandfather  of  John  Cadwalader  (1697!  who  was 
a  Judge  of  the  Court,  member  of  the  Assembly  and  a  member 
of  Council.  John  Cadwalader's  son,  Dr.  Thomas  Cadwalader,  was 
Director  of  Military  Hospitals  ;  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania Hospital  ;  one  of  the  original  Trustees  of  University  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  first  Vice-President  of  the  American  Philoso- 
phical Society.  In  the  absence  of  Franklin  in  Europe  during  the 
French  war,  he  was  honored  with  the  appointment  of  presiding 
officer  of  the  Governor's  Council  to  take  action  on  Braddock's 
defeat.  Dr.  Thomas  Cadwalader  was  identified  with  all  the  move- 
ments of  the  day.  His  son,  John,  was  a  General  officer  of  the 
Revolution.  Thomas,     a     son     of     John,     was    the     General 

Cadwalader  of  the  War  of  1S12,  and  is  the  grandfather  of  Dr. 
Chas.  E.  Cadwalader,  the  subject  of  the  present  sketch.  He  was 
born  in  this  city  November  6,  1S39  :  his  father,  John,  being  a 
brother  of  General  George  Cadwalader,  favorite  of  the  Phila- 
delphia militia,  and  himself  a  Judge  of  the  United  States  District 
Court.  Dr.  Cadwalader  graduated  from  the  Academic  Department 
of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  in  1S5S,  and  from  the  Medical 
Department  in  1861.   He  was  for  a  time,  about  eight  years,  clerk  of 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


bankruptcy  in  the  United  States  District  Court,  after  which  he 
practiced  his  profession  and  has  been  continuously  at  it  ever  since. 
He  lias  been  connected  with  numerous  hospitals  and  homes  and  for 
a  long  time  was  connected  with  the  Philadelphia  Dispensary.  He 
has  taken  an  active  interest  in  reform  politics  ;  although  Democra- 
tic in  principles  he  believes  in  furthering  the  interests  of  the  cleanest 
and  best  men  irrespective  of  their  party  affiliations.  He  was  one 
of  the  framers  and  most  ardent  supporters  of  the  new  City  Charter, 
and  also  a  member  of  the  Committee  to  organize  the  Pan-American 
Congress.  He  is  also  identified  with  a  number  of  the  medical 
societies,  more  particularly  the  County  Society,  the  American  Medi- 
cal Association,  and  is  also  a  Fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians  as 
well  as  a  member  of  the  Mutual  Aid  Association.  His  brother, 
John  Cadwalader,  served  as  Collector  of  the  Port  under  the 
Cleveland  administration. 


JOHN   H.  W.  CHESTNUT,  M.D. 


The  northeastern  section  of  the  city  is  different  from  almost 
any  other  section.  It  is  a  city  of  itself,  although  included  in  and 
part  of  the  city  proper.  It  has  its  theaters,  its  shops,  its  churches, 
and  its  doctors.  There  is  no  one  that  is  better  known  among  the 
latter  than  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  Honest,  hard  working,  con- 
scientious, he  has  gathered  about  him  a  large  clientage,  who 
repose  entire  confidence  in  his  skill.  His  whole  life  has  been 
spent  among  them.  He  was  born  in  this  city,  November  iS, 
1848,  his  father,  James  Chestnut,  being  a  well  known  manufacturer. 
From  the  public  schools  he  was  sent  to  the  Boys'  Central  High 
School,  until  his  medical  education  began.  In  1867,  then  in  his 
nineteenth  year,  he  matriculated  at  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, graduating  in  1871.  He  immediately  jumped  into  harness 
and  began  building  up  a  practice  which  to-dav  is  considered  the 
largest  in  his  section.  He  devotes  his  energies  more  particularlv 
to  gynecology  and  general  surgery,  with  a  special  drift  toward  the 
alleviating  of  the  diseases  of  women.  Many  and  important  arc 
the  cases  he  has  reported  to  the  different  societies  of  which  he  is  a 
member  and  which  have  appeared  in  the  different  medical  journals. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  County  Medical  Society,  the 
Medical  Society  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  and  also  of  the 
American  Medical  Association.  His  wife,  Linda,  is  the  daughter  of 
Christian  Faunce,  Esq.,  of  Kensington.  He  is  the  father  of  five 
children. 


HILARY  M.  CHRISTIAN,  M.D. 


Hilary  M.  Christian,  M.  D.,  is  one  of  the  most  active  and  suc- 
cessful physicians  of  the  old  school  in  the  southern  section  of  the 
city.  Although  young  in  years  his  popularity  among  his  patients 
may  well  be  envied  by  practitioners  much  older  than  he.  He  is  a 
native  of  this  city  and  was  born  in  July,  1857.  His  father,  also  a 
Philadelphian,  was  a  prominent  business  man,  and  until  his  death 
showered  upon  young  Christian  all  the  benefits  that  monev  could 
secure  in  giving  him  a  splendid  education.  After  a  preliminary 
study  of  the  rudiments  of  the  preparatory  branches  he  was  sent  to 
the  Philadelphia  High  School.  From  thence  he  was  placed  in  the 
Academy  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  Broad  and  Locust 
streets,  from  which  he  graduated.  Entering  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania,  he  remained  in  the  Arts  department  until  his  senior 
year.  Owing  to  the  death  of  his  father,  which  occurred  at  this  time, 
he  was  forced  temporarily  to  relinquish  his  studies.  Shortlv  after- 
ward he  returned  to  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  and  entering 
the  Medical  Department  from  which  he  graduated  in  1SS2.  Not 
satisfied  yet  was  his  craving  for  learning;  he  sought  and  obtained 
the  position  of  Resident  Physician  at  the  Germantown  Hospital, 
which  he  held  for  a  period  of  one  year.  After  this  he  held  a  posi- 
tion for  a  short  time  in  the  Episcopal  Hospital,  Front  and  Lehigh 
ave.  His  private  practice  encroaching  upon  the  time  devoted  to 
his  public  duties  forced  him  to  relinquish  much  of  his  charitable 
work.  Coming  to  the  southern  portion  of  the  city  he  paid  special 
attention  to  building  up  his  private  practice  which,  after  a  short 
period  of  eight  years,  has  grown  to  be  a  verv  lucrative  one.  Dr. 
Christian  at  present  occupies  the  position  of  Surgeon-in-charge  of 
the  Genito-Lrinary  Department  at  the  Dispensary  attached  to  the 
Hospital  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania.  He  is  also  Medical 
Examiner  of  the  Royal  Arcanum  of  this  city,  of  which  order  he  is 
a  very  prominent  and  active  member.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the 
County  Medical  Society. 


RICHARD   ALSOP  CLEEMAN,  M.D. 


Richard  Alsop  Cleeman,  M.  D.,  was  born  in  this  city,  on  the 
twenty-second  of  February,  1840.  His  earlv  education  was  ob- 
tained from  the  private  schools  of  Philadelphia  ;  entering  after- 
ward the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  from  which  institution  he 
received  the  degrees  of  A.  B.  'in  1S59,  A-  M.  and  M.  D.  in  1862. 
Immediately  after  graduating  in  medicine  Dr.  Cleemann  was  ap- 
pointed resident  physician  in  the  hospital  of  the  Protestant  Episco- 
pal Church  of  Philadelphia. 

He  served  as  acting  assistant  surgeon  in  the  United  States 
army  from  July,  1862,  to  September,  1864,  and  was  also  phvsician 
to  the  St.  Mary's  Hospital  for  several  years.  He  was  appointed  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Health  of  this  city  in  1S78,  the  dutiesof 
which  position  he  performed  until  1S87,  at  which  time  he  resigned 
upon  being  appointed  one  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  Charities 
and  Correction  under  the  new  city  charter,  which  went  into  effect 
in  that  year.  This  office  he  still  retains.  During  all  these  years 
Dr.  Cleemann  practiced  industriously  his  profession. 

Besides  being  a  member  of  the  County  Medical  and  Pathologi- 
cal Societies,  he  occupied  the  position  of  secretary  of  the  College 
of  Physicians  of  Philadelphia  from  1879  until  1885.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Obstetrical  Society  of  this  city  from  18S2  till  18S4,  and 
also  was  one  of  the  secretaries  of  the  International  Medical  Con- 
gress of  1876.  He  contributed  for  manv  vears  the  reports  on  me- 
teorology and  epidemics  to  the  College  of  Physicians,  and  also  con- 
tributed numerous  papers  to  the  Bulletin  of' the  National  Board  of 
Health  during  the  existence  of  that  body. 

Dr.  Cleemann  has  also  been  a  voluminous  writer  and  contribu- 
tor of  numerous  papers  to  the  societies  of  which  he  was  a  member, 
chiefly  on  subjects  pertaining  to  obstetrics,  public  health,  and  hygi- 
ene, of  which  branches  he  has  made  a  special  study. 

Dr.  Cleemann  at  present  occupies  the  position  of  one  of  the 
managers  of  the  University  Hospital,  and  also  of  the  Pennsvlvania 
Institution  for  the  Instruction  of  the  Blind.  Beside  his  activity  in 
public  affairs,  he  has  established  one  of  the  largest  private  practices 
in  the  city. 


ROLAND  GIDEON  CURTIN.  M.D. 


Roland  G.  Curtin.  M.  D.,  Ph.  D.,  lecturer  on  physical  diagnosis 
in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  was  born  in  Bellefonte,  Centre 
county,  October  29,  1859.  He  is  a  son  of  Dr.  Constans  Curtin,  a 
surgeon  in  the  Royal  Navy,  and  a  nephew  of  Roland  Curtin,  the 
father  of  ex-Governor  Andrew  G.  Curtin.  He  spent  his  boyhood 
at  his  home  in  Bellefonte,  and  at  the  age  of  sixteen  entered  the 
Scientific  department  of  Williston  Seminary,  Northampton,  Massa- 
chusetts, from  which  he  graduated  in  the  spring  of  1859.  After 
spending  nearly  two  years  in  the  mercantile  business  he  was 
appointed  United  States  Naval  Storekeeper  and  served  as  such  dur- 
ing the  civil  war,  in  the  meanwhile  attending  lectures  at  the  Medi- 
cal department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  from  which  he 
was  graduated  in  1866.  He  then  spent  some  time  in  Europe,  visit- 
ing the  principal  hospitals  in  Great  Britain  and  the  Continent,  and 
on  his  return  joined  the  United  States  geological  expedition  under 
Professor  F.  V.  Hayden  to  the  Rockj-  Mountains.  It  was  not  until 
iS69that  he  settled  permanently  in  Philadelphia  and  began  the  pro- 
fessional career  which  has  culminated  in  a  marked  success. 

For  eleven  years  Dr.  Curtin  was  assistant  physician  at  the 
Philadelphia  Lying-in-Charity,  for  ten  years  he  was  chief  of  the 
Medical  Dispensary  of  the  University  Hospital,  and  for  six  years 
was  the  physician  of  the  Throat  and  Chest  Department  of  the 
Howard  Hospital.  He  is  now  president  of  the  Medical  Board  o£ 
the  Philadelphia  Hospital  and  a  member  of  the  medical  staff  of  the 
University,  Presbyterian  and  Rush  Hospitals.  He  is  also  a  mem- 
ber of  all  the  leading  medical  societies;  a  Fellow  of  the  College  of 
Physicians,  and  is  vice-president  of  the  American  Cliniatological 
Association.  He  is  also  a  member  of  numerous  organizations 
not  directly  connected  with  his  profession,  among  which  we  may 
mention  the  Connecticut  Society  of  the  Sons  of  the  Revolution, 
the  New  England  Scotch-Irish  Societies,  Fairmount  Park  Associa- 
tion, Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  (thirty- 
second  degree)  and  the  Civil  Service  Board  under  Mayors  Fitler  and 
Stuart.  For  fourteen  years  Dr.  Curtin  has  been  the  lecturer  on 
Physical  Diagnosis  in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  which  has 
conferred  upon  him  the  degree  of  Ph.  D.,  and  though  he  has  not 
found  time  as  yet  to  write  an  elaborate  work  he  has  recorded  some 
of  the  results  of  his  varied  investigations  and  experience  in  im- 
portant papers  contributed  to  medical  and  scientific  journals. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


A.  HAMILTON  DEEKENS,   M.  D. 


A.  Hamilton  Deekens,  M.  D. ,  was  born  at  Kirby  Park,  England, 
in  1861,  and  although  a  young  man,  has  already  obtained  the  respect 
and  confidence  of  the  public  and  his  fellow  practitioners.  His 
father,  Francis  Augustus,  obtained  considerable  notoriety  from  the 
newspapers  of  the  country  for  his  essay  upon  "  The  Three  American 
Railways."  The  younger  Deekens,  the  subject  of  the  present 
sketch,  left  home  some  ten  years  ago  to  study  civil  engineering, 
and  was  for  three  years  connected  with  the  Engineering  Depart- 
ment of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad.  But  showing  a  marked 
taste  for  the  medical  profession,  he  decided  to  resign  his  position 
from  the  company's  employ  and  entered  the  Medical  Department 
of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania.  After  graduating  from  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  lie  was  appointed  Resident  Physician 
at  the  St.  Marv's  Hospital,  a  position  which  he  held  for  one  year. 
He  is  at  present  one  of  the  assistants  on  the  surgical  staff  at  the 
Kensington  Hospital  for  Women,  and  also  Assistant  Gynaecologist 
at  the  Northern  Dispensary.  He  is  also  attending  physician  to  the 
latter  institution.  Dr.  Deekens  is  a  member  of  the  Northern  Medical 
Society,  and  also  a  member  of  the  Medico-Legal  Society,  as  well  as 
the  D.  Haves  Agnew  Surgical  Society.  He  has  contributed  many 
important  articles  to  the  "  Medical  and  Surgical  Reporter,"  princi- 
pally of  cases  that  came  under  his  personal  notice.  Four  years  ago 
Dr.  Deekens  married  a  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Ballard,  of  Ocean 
Grove.  His  practice  is  as  yet  a  general  one,  but  his  leanings  are 
toward  the  specialties  of  gynaecology  and  ophthalmology. 


GEORGE  BENSON  DUNMIRE,  M.D. 

Was  born  May,  1S37,  in  McVeytown,  Mifflin  county,  Pa.  He 
is  the  son  of  Gabriel  Dunmire,  of  McVeytown.  '  His  mother.  Ann 
Dunmire,  was  also  of  McVeytown,  Pa.  He  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
the  125th  Pennsylvania  Regiment  August,  1S62.  and  took  part  in 
the  following  engagements,  viz.,  Antietam.  South  Mountain  and 
Chanccllorsville.  Was  mustered  out  at  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  at  the  end 
of  nine  months.  Re-entered  the  service  as  lieutenant  July,  1S63, 
and  served  three  months. 

He  came  to  Philadelphia  and  graduated  from  the  Jefferson 
Medical  College  in  March,  1S65.  Commenced  to  practice  in 
Chambersburg,  Pa.,  being  at  the  time  contract  surgeon  in  the  ser- 
vice of  the  United  States,  afterwards  detailed  to  hospital  service. 
Commenced  practice  in  Philadelphia  April,  1S65,  at  133  North 
Seventh  street,  removed  to  n  10,  thence  to  1225  Arch  street,  where 
he  now  resides.  His  start  in  life  depended  on  his  own  exertions  to 
pass  successfully  through  college.  Was  ill  Philadelphia  dispensary 
as  visiting  physician  for  six  years.  Member  of  Philadelphia  County 
Medical  Society,  serving  as  vice-president.  One  of  the  organizers  of 
Mutual  Aid  Association  of  the  Philadelphia  County  Medical  Society 
and  elected  treasurer  in  1S82,  which  position  he  still  retains.  Mem- 
ber Obstetrical  Society  of  Philadelphia,  Pathological  Society,  and 
American  Medical  Association.  Was  delegate  to  International  Med- 
ical Congress  held  in  Washington,  D.  C,  in  1SS6.  Treasurer  Medi- 
cal Society  of  Pennsylvania.  Connected  with  various  religious  in- 
stitutions, being  a  prominent  member  of  the  Arch  Street  M.  E. 
Church.  Was  formerly  president  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  M.  E. 
Union  Church.  Fourth  street,  below  Arch.  Prominent  member 
George  G.  Meade  Post,  No.  1,  G.  A.  R.,  and  is  at  present  surgeon  to 
the  Post.  Has  written  an  essay  on  Rus  To-vicondendron,  which  was 
read  before  the  Philadelphia  County  Medical  Society.  His  thesis 
on  graduation  was  upon  the  subject  "Gunshot  Wounds."  Married 
to  Elizabeth  Caldwell,  of  Kansas.  Her  brother,  Hon.  Alexander 
Caldwell,  represented  Kansas  in  the  United  States  Senate  some 
years  ago.  She  died  about  ten  years  ago.  Was  afterwards  united 
in  marriage  to  May  Melick,  of  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  whose  father  is  a 
prominent  minister  of  that  city.  He  is  the  author  of  a  valuable 
paper  entitled,  "The  Deadly  Spur  [Secctte  Comututn)  in  Labor." 


HENRY  EDWIN  DWIGHT,  M.D. 

There  are  but  few  men  in  this  city  who  have  had  more  worthily 
showered  upon  them  steadfast  friendships  and  earned  honors,  than 
the  Rev.  Doctor  Henry  Edwin  Dwight.  Born  of  an  illustrious 
family,  which  has  left  a  permanent  influence  upon  the  educational 
history  of  the  country,  he  has  pursued  a  straight  course  towards  that 
goal  around  which  are  gathered  honors,  respect,  admiration,  love 
and  friendship.  His  life,  if  properly  written,  would  fill  a  volume. 
Space  compels  us  to  give  but  a  short  synopsis  only.  The  eldest 
son  of  the  Rev.  William  T.  Dwight,  D.D.,  grandson  of  ex-President 
Dwight,  Senior,  of  Yale  College,  and  the  great-grandson  of  President 


Edwards  of  Princeton;  he  belongs  to  the  sixth  generation  of  edu- 
cators. He  was  properly  fitted,  through  blood  and  brains,  to  fill  the 
exalted  groove  which  he  has  occupied  in  the  eyes  of  the  world. 
Starting  early  in  life  as  a  teacher,  at  nineteen  he  was  holding  the 
responsible  position  of  Professor  of  Latin  and  Greek  in  the  Gymna- 
sium at  Brooklyn.  For  three  years  he  taught  the  sons  of  New  York 
and  Brooklyn's  most  influential  citizens,  and  from  1859  to  1862 
filled  the  pulpit  as  Pastor  of  the  First  Church,  Randolph,  Mass., 
and  built  one  of  the  finest  churches  in  Massachusetts.  From  1S63 
to  1SS1,  Professor  of  Anatomy  and  Physiology  in  the  Anatomical 
Schools  of  Philadelphia;  and,  in  1863,'holding  the  honorable  posi- 
tion for  his  government  as  secret  diplomatic  agent  in  Germany  for 
the  sale  of  $45,000,000  United  States  bonds,  which  partly  furnished 
the  sinews  of  war  for  his  country's  victories  ;  for  two  years  Interne 
at  the  Philadelphia  Hospital,  from  1S67  to  1869  ;  the  next  succeed- 
ing eight  years  as  Externe  to  the  same  institution— all  this  covering 
the  best  years  of  his  life.  The  honors  showered  upon  him  by  the 
different  colleges  of  this  country  and  abroad  began  with  his  diploma 
from  Yale  in  1S52,  quickly  followed  by  his  A.  M.  in  1855.  From 
Andover  Theological  Seminary  his  divinity  honors  in  1857 ;  his 
diploma  Cum  Laude from  University  of  Berlin  in  1S62;  his  diploma 
from  University  of  Paris  in  1863  ;  and  later,  his  M.  D.  from  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1S67  ;  followed  fifteen  years  later  as 
Doctor  of  Divinity  in  1SS2  from  Washington  and  Lee,  form  an 
exceptionally  brilliant  career  of  a  worthy  and  honored  citizen.  His 
charities  are  unostentatious  but  wide  spread.  His  sphere  of  special 
activity  being  the  Home  Missionary  Society  of  Philadelphia. 

A  volume  compiled  and  edited  by  him,  covering  "  Fifty  Years 
Work  in  the  Spread  of  the  Gospel,  Relief  of  the  Poor  and  Care  of 
Destitute  Children  by  the  Home  Missionary  Society  of  the  City  of 
Philadelphia,"  is  a  monument  to  his  brilliant  authorship.  Among 
other  works  from  his  pen  were  "The  Life  and  Writings  of  the  Hon. 
Vincent  L.  Bradford.  LL.  D.,  D.  C.  L.,  an  Eminent  Lawyer,  Legis- 
lator and  Railroad  President."  Also,  "The  Life  and  Character  of 
Edwin  Gilliam  Booth,  of  Virginia,  a  Prominent  Lawvcr,  Legislator 
and  Philanthropist,"  and  other  articles,  discourses  and  addresses, 
in  encyclopedias  and  standard  works.  Dr.  Dwight  is  still  in  active 
practice,  a  hale,  hearty  and  healthy  enthusiast,  surrounded  by 
mementos  of  friends  of  his  youth,  his  books  and  his  writings. 


WILLIAM  HENRY  FORD,  M.D. 

President  of  the  Board  of  Health  and  Fellow  of  the  College  of 
Physicians,  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  October  7,  1S39.  After  having 
been  fitted  for  college  at  the  Lawrenceville  High  School  he  entered 
Princeton,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1S60,  and  then  com- 
menced the  study  of  medicine  in  the  Jefferson  Medical  College, 
which  conferred  upon  him  the  degree  of  M.  D.  in  1S63.  Previous 
to  his  graduation  he  was  appointed  an  acting  medical  cadet,  I'nited 
States  Army,  at  the  Wood  Street  Army  General  Hospital  during  the 
war,  and  in  the  subsequent  year  he  was  appointed  Assistant  Surgeon 
of  the  Forty-fourth  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  soon  afterward  Surgeon, 
and  served  as  such  until  after  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  and  the  retreat 
of  Lee.  He  embodied  a  portion  of  his  experience  in  the  armv 
hospital  in  a  thesis  on  "  Gun-shot  Wounds  of  the  Chest."  illustrated 
by  cases  that  he  had  treated.  From  1863  to  1S65  lie  was  resident 
physician  of  the  Philadelphia  Hospital.  In  1S65  he  visited  Europe 
and  spent  three  years  in  studying  languages,  pursuing  special 
medical  studies  in  the  universities,  and  attending  the  great  hospitals 
in  Berlin,  Vienna,  Paris,  and  London.  Shortly  after  his  return  he 
was  appointed  Assistant  Demonstrator  in  the  Philadelphia  School 
of  Anatomy  and  elected  a  member  of  the  Pathological  Society  of 
Philadelphia.  In  1S70  he  became  associate  editor  of  the  "  Medical 
Times."  and  was  elected  a  Fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians. 
In  1874  he  became  a  member  of  the  American  Public  Health  Asso- 
ciation, aud  during  the  Centennial  he  served  as  a  member  of  the 
Centennial  Medical  Commission  and  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Sanitary  Science.  In  1877  he  was  elected  Chairman  of  the  Civil 
Service  Medical  Examining  Board  for  Philadelphia,  and  in  the  fol- 
lowing year  was  elected  a  member  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Medicine. 

Dr.  Ford's  connection  with  the  Board  of  Health,  with  which  he 
has  been  so  prominently  identified,  dates  from  1S71.  He  has  been 
chairman  of  its  various  committees,  its  secretary,  and  its  president 
for  eight  years,  and  during  the  twenty  years  of  his  membership  in 
this  important  body  he  has  originated  many  measures  having  for 
their  object  the  improvement  of  the  sanitary  condition  of  the  city. 
Many  years  ago  he  planned  and  had  issued  by  the  Board  a  "  Weekly 
Bulletin  of  Vital  Statistics  of  Philadelphia,"  which  has  since  been 
followed  by  most  of  the  cities  of  the  United  States.  He  inaugurated 
the  odorless  system  of  cleaning  wells,  the  public  collection  of  garb- 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


ac;e.  ami  was  mainly  instrumental  in  establishing  i  'lepartmcnt  for 
regulating  house-drainage  in  Philadelphia.  The  organization  of  a 
department  of  milk  inspection,  and  the  establishment  of  a  thoroughly- 
equipped  laboratory  for  milk  and  food  analysis  by  specialists  of  the 

Board  of  Health  were  due  to  his  efforts.  Since  1868  he  has  been 
in  active  medical  practice,  and  for  fifteen  years  lias  been  Physician 
of  the  Foster  Home,  but  during  all  this  Lime  he  has  given  the 
closest  attention  to  the  study  of  preventive  medicine  in  connection 
'.villi  his  duties  as  member  of  the  Board  of  Health.  He  lias  also 
contributed  many  papers  on  sanitary  subjects  to  medical  journals, 
and  Ins  treatise  on  "  Soil  and  Water,"  constitutes  an  important  part 
of  Dr.  Buck's  "  Hygiene  and  Public  Health."  In  association  with 
Dr.  Richardson  he  prepared  and  issued  a  larye  and  valuable  work  1  in 
"  Domestic  Hvgiene,"  and  in  1SS9  contributed  to  Wood's  "  Refer- 


William   Henry  Ford.  M.  D. 

ence  Handbook  of  the  Medical  Sciences."  a  brochure  "ii  the 
"  Principles  of  Sanitary  Inspection, "'  which  has  since  been  pub- 
lished in  a  separate  volume  for  the  instruction  of  health  officers. 

Dr.  Ford  has  been  a  Trustee  of  the  First  Baptist  Church,  and 
one  of  the  Managers  of  the  American  Sunday-School  t'nion  for  a 
•lumber  of  years,  and  is  now  Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee 
of  the  "Sanitarium,"  a  charity,  which  by  its  unlimited  provision 
for  the  enjoyment  and  health  of  needy  and  sick  children,  has  proved 
such  a  boon  to  Philadelphia. 


L.  WEBSTER   FOX.  M.D. 

L.  Webster  Fox.  M.  D.,  was  born  in  Hummelstowu.  Dauphin 
couutv,  Pa.,  March  19,  1S53.  H's  father,  Thomas  G.  Fox.  a  noted 
phvsician,  is  a  direct  descendant  of  the  celebrated  English  Fox's 
of  Plymouth  ancestry.  The  family  settling  at  anil  around  Hum- 
melstowu, at  one  time  owned  most  of  the  land  in  Dauphin  county. 
Dr.  Fox's  earlv  education  was  received  at  Millersville,  Lancaster 
couutv,  Pa.,  under  the  care  of  Dr.  Edward  Brooks,  now  superin- 
tendent of  the  public  schools  of  this  city.  He  entered  Jefferson 
Medical  College  in  this  city  in  1875,  graduating  three  years  later. 
In  the  fall  of  187S  he  went  abroad  to  take  up  the  special  study  of 
the  eve.  This  he  pursued  for  eighteen  months  at  the  Cnivcrsity  of 
Vienna,  afterwards  taking  a  course  in  Microscopy  and  Pathology  at 
the  University  of  Strasburg.  Whilst  abroad  he  was  honored  with 
an  appointment  of  Clinical  Assistant  at  the  Mooresfield  Eye  Hos- 
pital of  London,  he  being  the  first  American  up  to  that  time  receiv- 
ing such  an  honor,     For  a  year  and  a  half  he  had  the  widest  oppor- 


tunity f<>r  pursuing  his  favorite  study  and  soon  developed  into  one 
01"  the  most  thorough  members  of  his  profession.  Returning  to 
this  country  in  1.S.S1  he  was  at  once  appointed  Ophthalmic  Surgeon 
to  the  Gcrmantown  Hospital  as  well  as  the  Baptist  Orphanage. 
About  this  time  also  he  was  elected  Clinical  Assistant  at  tiie  Eye 
Department  of  the  Jefferson  Hospital.  Another  position  which  he 
has  tilled  was  that  of  Ophthalmic  Surgeon  to  the  Blind  Man's  Home 
of  West  Philadelphia.  He  is  at  present  attending  to  the  eye-sight  1  if 
the  students  at  the  Lincoln  Institute  and  the  Indian  School  at 
Carlisle.  He  also  lias  the  United  States  appointment  of  Ophthalmic 
Expert  to  the  Board  of  Pensions  of  Philadelphia.  One  of  his  most 
noted  experiments  was  the  grafting  of  the  cornea  of  a  rabbit  on  the 
human  eve,  which  operation  was  performed  at  the  Germantown 
hospital  and  attracted  universal  attention.  Dr.  Fox  has  been  and  is 
a  prolific  writer  and  lecturer,  his  work  on  the  eye  i^oing  through 
several  editions.  His  lectures  at  the  Franklin  Institute  on  popular 
subjects  respectini;  the  eye-sight  have  been  eagerly  received.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  County  Medical  Socictv  and  also  the  American 
Medical  Association.  He  married  C.  Beatrice,  daughter  of  the  late 
Dr.  Bickertou.  of  Liverpool,  a  family  celebrated  in  Europe  and 
America.  An  ancestor.  Sir  Richard  Hussey  Bickerton,  was  a  Rear 
Admiral  in  the  British  X.ivvanda  compeer  of  Nelson- at  Trafalgai. 
Mrs.  Fox's  brother  is  the  celebrated  eve  surgeon,  T.  Herbert  Bick- 
erton,  of  Liverpool,   and   her  brother-in-law  ;s  the  distinguished 


surgeon,  Professor  R 
immense  practice  b; 
tinned  for  vears. 


L.  Webster   Fox.  M.  D. 

shtou   Parker.     Dr.  Fox  finds  relief  from  his 
an  annual  trip  to   Europe  which  he  has  con- 


HENRY  EARNEST  GOODMAN 

Professor  Goodman  is  a  Philadelphiarj  of  German  origin,  the 
sou  of  Hcnrv  and  Maria  Earnest!  Goodmau,  was  born  near  Phila- 
delphia, April,  iS.;6.  He  received  his  professional  education  in  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania,  graduating  in  1859.  He  at  once  com- 
menced the  practice  of  medicine  in  Philadelphia,  giving  special 
attention  to  Orthopedic  and  Ophthalmic  surgery,  in  both  oi  which 
branches  he  has  become  well  known,  having  performed  a  number 
of  notable  operations.  lie  is  a  Fellow  of  the  College  oi  Phy- 
sicians of  Philadelphia,  member  of  the  Pathological.  Ophthal- 
mological  and  Social  Science  Associations,  and  of  the  Academy  of 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  of  the  American  Public  Health 
Association,  etc.  From  1866  to  1S72  he  was  Port  Physician  of  Phil- 
adelphia, and  since  1876  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Examining 
Surgeons,  of  Philadelphia,  until  removed  in  1S84  by  an  adverse 
administration.  In  iSb^  he  went  to  Europe  to  pursue  his  special 
studies  in  the  great  hospitals  and  attended  as  delegate  the  British 
Medical  Association  at  Oxford,  and  the  International  Ophthalmic 
Congress  at  Heidelberg.  He  was  one  of  the  originators  of  the 
Philadelphia  Orthopedic  Hospital,  and  still  remains  one  of  its 
attending  surgeons.  He  also  aided  in  the  organization  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania State  Hospital  for  women.  He  was  for  many  years  one  of 
the  surgeons  of  Wills  Eye  Hospital.  On  the  reorganization  of  the 
Medico  Chirurgical  College,  of  Philadelphia,  he  was  elected  Professor 
of  the  Principles  and  Practice  of  Surgery  in  that  institution,  which 
position  he  held  until  1891  when  he  resigned  and  was  made  Emeritus 
Professor.  In  May,  1861,  he  was  commissioned  surgeon  of  the 
Eighth  and  in  July  was  made  surgeon  of  the  Twenty-eighth  Regi- 
ment Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  was  appointed  Assistant  Surgeon  of 
United  States  Volunteers,  May  6,  and  was  promoted  to  Surgeon 
May  26th,  1864.  He  served  as  Surgeon  in  chief  Second  Division, 
Twentieth  army  corps,  and  as  Medical  Director  of  several  army 
corps.  In  November,  1S65,  he  resigned  his  commission  and  left 
the  army  with  the  brevet  rank  of  colonel  of  volunteers.  While  in 
the  army  he  was  successively  surgeon  in  charge  of  the  Twelfth 
army  corps  hospitals  at  Harper's  Ferry,  Acquia  Creek  and  Gettys- 
burg ;  after  Gettysburg  he  was  surgeon  in  charge  of  Camp  Letter- 
man,  and  then  of  the  division  hospital,  and  present  at  the  battles  of 
Balls  Bluff,  Cedar  Mountain,  Antietam,  Chancellorsville,  Gettys- 
burg, Lookout  Mountain,  Missionary  Ridge,  Ringgold,  Resaca, 
and  other  less  important  engagements.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Ninth  International  Medical  Congress  held  at  Washington,  in  1SS7. 


JAMES  GRAHAM,  M.  D. 

Born  in  Philadelphia,  December  10,  1S46.  His  father.  Dr. 
Archibald  H.  Graham,  was  a  native  of  County  Tyrone.  Ireland. 
who  graduated  111  medicine  in  Dublin  in  [S33,  and  came  to  this 
city  four  years  later,  where  he  practiced  his  profession  up  to  the 
time  of  his  death  in  1S7  ^.  His  mother,  the  daughter  of  a  Presby- 
terian minister,  was  also  from  County  Tyrone,  Ireland. 

James  received  his  earlv  education  at  the  public  schools,  but  it 
was  abruptly  terminated  by  bis  expulsion  from  the  High  School  on 
account  of  a  quarrel  in  the  class  room,  and  he  commenced  the  study 
of  medicine  at  the  Jefferson  Medical  College  in  his  seventeenth 
year.  At  the  close  of  the  session  he  went  on  duty  on  a  hospital 
transport,  and  served  to  the  close  of  the  war  in  1S65,  when  he  re- 
sumed his  medical  studies  at  the  Jefferson  and  graduated  in  [S67. 

He  served  for  three  years  on  the  surgical  clinic,  was  assistant 
demonstrator  of  anatomy,  and  quiz  master  on  anatomy  anil  obstet- 
rics. In  1870-71  he  made  a  trip  around  the  world,  and  since  then 
has  devoted  himself  to  general  practice,  making  over  ten  thousand 
visits  a  year,  including  more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  obstetric 
cases. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  County  Medical  Society,  physician  to 
the  Franklin  Reformatory  Home,  aud  chairman  of  the  Executive 
Committee  of  the  Jefferson  Medical  College  Alumni  Association. 


ADDINELL  HEWSON.  M.  D. 

Was  born  in  this  city  at  No.  1007  Walnut  street,  September  2, 
1855.  His  paternal  great-grandfather,  William  Hewson.  I-'.  R.  S., 
surgeon  and  teacher  of  anatomy  at  Windmill  School.  London.  Eng., 
was  an  associate  of  the  celebrated  William  Hunt,  M.  D.  His 
grandfather,  the  son  of  William  Hewson,  was  Thomas  T.  Hewson, 
M.  D..  surgeon  of  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital  and  teacher  of  anat- 
omy in  Library  Street  School,  Philadelphia,  aud  president  of  the 
College  of  Physicians.  His  father,  Addinell  Hewson,  who  died 
September  II,  1SS9,  was  surgeon  of  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital  and 
lecturer  on  surgery  in  Summer  School,  this  city,  and  the  present 
subject  of  this  sketch,  Addinell  Hewson,  makes  the  fourth  genera- 
tion in  a  direct  line  of  physicians  and  surgeons.  On  the  maternal 
side  the  record  is  equally  as  bright,  tracing  back  to  Col.  Jacob  Mor- 
gan, Sr.  (1716-1792),  who  was  a  member  of  the  Provisional  Confer- 
ence 1  17761,  also  member  of  the  Council  of  Safety  of  Pennsylvania, 
member  of  the  Supreme  Executive  Council  of  Pennsylvania,  aud 
assistant  forage  master  Pennsylvania  Militia,  17S0. 

Dr.  Hewson 's  education  was  received  at  the  Episcopal  Acad- 
emy from  1S68  to  1872  ;  from  thence  to  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania (Arts  Department),  1S76.  He  received  his  Master's  degree 
on  presentation  of  his  thesis,  "The  Effects  of  Sun  Rays  on  Growth 


of  Plants,"  1S79.  His  medical  education  was  bv  a  three  years' 
course  at  the  Jefferson  College,  graduating  March  13,  1879.'  He 
has  been  active  in  hospital  and  college  work,  his  principal  appoint- 
ments being  dispensary  surgeon  to  St.  Mary's  Hospital  (August, 
iS;u.  for  eight  years;  for  two  and  a  half  years  clinical  assistant 
Jefferson  College  Hospital,  Surgical  Department,  from  1S79 ;  assist- 
ant demonstrator  of  anatomy  at  the  Jefferson  Medical  College  from 
October,  1S79,  to  May,  18S6  ;  prosector  to  professor  of  anatomy  at 
the  same  place  from  May,  18S6,  to  May,  1S89,  at  which  time  he  was 
appointed  demonstrator  of  anatomy,  and  which  position  he  still 
holds.  He  is  also  and  has  been  since  1889  chief  clinical  assistant  to 
the  Surgical  Department  of  the  Jefferson  College,  and  since  1SS0 
has  been  surgeon  to  the  Southwestern  Hospital.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  Philadelphia  County  Medical  Society,  the  State  Medical  So- 
ciety, the  Pathological,  the  Obstetrical,  and  a  Fellow  of  the  College 
of  Physicians,  all  of  Philadelphia  ;  the  Trinity  Historical  Society, 
of  Dallas,  Tex.,  and  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  Society  of  Sons 
of  the  Revolution.  He  married  September  4,  1S86,  Lucy,  daughter 
of  George  W.  Claybaugh,  Esq.,  of  Maryland,  and  has  three  chil- 
dren, William.  Ellen  and  Addinell  Stevenson,  all  of  whom  are  still 
living. 


PETER   HOOPER,  M.D. 

Was  born  December  17,  1S47,  at  Griggstown,  Somerset  county, 
N.J.,  on  a  farm  owned  by  his  father,  James  B.  Hooper.  At  an 
early  age  was  sent  to  the  nearest  public  schools.  His  faculty  for 
quickly  absorbing  what  he  heard  and  read  was  soon  noticed,  and 
it  was  decided  to  give  the  boy  a  thorough  English  education.  As 
soon  as  he  was  old  enough  he  was  sent  to  Philips  Academy. 
Audover,  Mass.,  and  from  there  to  the  Cheshire  Military  Acad- 
emy, Cheshire,  Connecticut.  Thus  prepared  by  a  preliminary 
and  academic  education,  he  entered  Trinity  College,  Hartford. 
Connecticut.  Deciding  to  adopt  medicine  as  a  profession,  he 
matriculated  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  graduating  from 
there  in  18S0.  He  was  associated  for  a  short  time  with  Dr.  Camp- 
bell at  Grand  Rapids,  Michigan,  but  wishing  to  come  east.  Dr. 
Hooper  took  special  courses  at  Bellevue  Medical  College,  New 
Vork.  which  institution  endorsed  his  University  diploma.  After 
this  he  came  to  this  city,  settling  in  Tioga,  where  he  has  since  re- 
mained. He  is  a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  County  Society,  the 
American  Medical  Association  and  West  Chester  County.  N.  V., 
Society.  Dr.  Hooper  has  established  a  very  large  general  family 
practice  among  his  immediate  neighbors,  aud  his  studies  have  led 
him  into  the  special  paths  of  gynecological  practice,  as  well  as  the 
diseases  of  the  eve.  He  married  Ottilia  Azakrzesski,  aud  has 
three  children. 


WILLIAM   H.   HUTT,   M.D. 

Was  born  in  the  old  district  of  Moyamensing,  in  August, 
1S47.  His  earlier  education  was  received  at  the  Ringgold  Public 
School,  after  which  he  finished  at  the  private  school  at  Gwv- 
nedd.  In  his  sixteenth  year  he  entered  the  United  States  armv 
as  hospital  steward,  afterward  joining  the  Fifty-ninth  Pennsylvania 
Militia.  His  father  was  killed  on  the  held  of  battle,  commanding 
Company  K,  183d  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  aud  young  Hutt  was 
obliged  to  return  home.  Renewing  his  studies,  he  eventually  en- 
tered the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  where  after  a  thorough  course 
of  medical  training,  he  graduated  March  11,  1S70.  Two  years  later 
he  organized  and  had  charge  of  the  Church  Dispensary  of  South- 
wark.  After  five  years  devoted  to  this  work  he  resigned  to  give 
his  undivided  attention  to  that  noble  charity,  the  Sanitarium  for 
children,  at  Point  Airy,  which  institution  was  a  pet  of  his  own  cre- 
ation. Three  years  later  he  resigned  to  attend  to  his  private  prac- 
tice. Another  worthy  charity  was  the  Convalescent  Retreat,  which 
Dr.  Hutt  organized  and  after  a  space  of  two  years  was  obliged  to 
relinquish  on  account  of  a  serious  illness  which  kept  him  confined 
to  his  house  for  two  years. 

Dr.  Hutt  was  appointed  as  president  of  the  first  Board  of  United 
States  Examiners  for  the  Pension  Department,  aud  since  May, 
1879,  has  been  one  of  its  Board.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Loyal 
Legion,  also  a  member  of  Hector  Tyndall  Tost,  G.  A.  R.,  and  is 
vice-president  of  the  Monumental  Association,  and  also  commander 
in  chief  of  the  General  Service  Corps.  He  is  also  a  member  of 
numerous  secret  societies,  promineut  among  which  may  be  men- 
tioned, Red  Cross  Lodge,  K.  of  P.,  Order  of  Sparta,  and  United 
Friends.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Neurological  Medical  Society  of 
this  city.  Dr.  Hutt  married  Josephine  E-,  a  daughter  of  the  late 
John  Boardman  Smith.  His  specialty  is  diseases  of  the  lungs  and 
nervous  diseases. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILA DELPHI ANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


LEONARD  D.  JUDD,  M.D. 

Was  born  ill  West  Greenville,  Pa.,  January  1 1.  [842,  of  a  noted 
family  of  physicians.  It  was  not  until  he  was  well  matured  that  he 
followed  the  footsteps  of  his  ancestors  and  took  up  medicine  as  a 
life  work.  Moving  westward  with  his  family  when  quite  a  boy,  he 
was  placed  in  the  Racine  College,  Wisconsin,  from  which  he  received 
his  diploma  in  [S59.  In  his  twentieth  year  the  gold  fever  took 
possession  of  him,  and  with  a  number  of  others  started  for  Pike's 
Peak,  where  he  engaged  in  gold  mining.  When  in  his  twenty-first 
vear  he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Colorado.  Tiring  of  poli- 
tical life  and  the  growing  desire  to  enter  the  business  world  decided 
him  to  come  to  this  city.  He  formed  the  firm  of  Dawson,  Judd  & 
Co.  In  this  venture  his  fortune  was  swept  away.  Then  he  turned 
to  medicine.  Graduating  from  Jefferson  Medical  College  in  1677, 
he  has  been  in  continuous  practice  ever  since.  He  has  had  charge 
of  many  of  the  charitable  institutions  of  West  Philadelphia,  more 
particularly  the  Educational  Home,  the  Home  tor  Infants,  the  Home 
for  Incurables,  and  the  Blind  Man's  Home.  His  practice  is  a  general 
family  practice  with  possibly  the  greater  part  devoted  to  diseases  of 
women  and  children.  He  is  a  member  of  the  State  and  County- 
Societies ;  the  Obstetrical,  the  Pathological,  and  the  College  of 
Physicians. 

He  married  Emily  L.,  the  daughter  of  the  late  A.  R.  Breiter, 
Esq.,  of  this  city,  and  has  one  daughter,  Harriet  B.  Judd,  who  is  a 
most  prominent  artist. 


ROBERT  HAYS  KLINE.  M.D. 

Robert  Havs  Kline,  born  in  Allegheny  county.  Pa..  June,  tSaS. 
German  descent,  son  of  Philip  Kline,  wdio  was  born  in  same  place 
and  occupied  a  prominent  position  in  religious  circles;  whose 
father  was  Philip  Kline,  born  111  Prussia,  Germany,  and  dis- 
tinguished for  his  military  services.  He  was  very  wealthy,  and  on 
account  of  his  views  on  democracy  was  banished  and  lied  to  this 
counlrv.  He  located  at  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  and  extensively  engaged  in 
farming,  ami  for  many  years  was  a  prominent  distiller  in  the 
western  part  of  the  State.  Dr.  Kline's  mother  was  Jane  Hays,  who 
was  descended  from  a  noted  religious  family.  He  married  Char- 
lotte Eliza  Guild,  of  Eaglcsville,  Ohio,  daughter  of  Colonel  Guild, 
a  distinguished  officer  of  a  volunteer  regiment  of  Ohio  in  the  late 
war;  graduated  from  Penn  Medical  University  iSso  ;  commenced 
to  practice  at  Eaglcsville,  Ohio,  and  successively  afterwards  in 
Rock  Creek,  Salem,  Columbia,  Cincinnati  and  Indianapolis,  com- 
ing to  Philadelphia  he  received  the  honors  of  the  Tenii  Medical 
University,  and  of  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital.  In  [S65  he  pur- 
chased the  two  buildings,  Nos.  931  and  933  Arch  street,  where  he 
has  since  resided.  He  became  connected  with  the  Clinical  De- 
partment of  the  Philadelphia  University,  and  in  1S00  the  Trustees 
of  the  college  created  a  new  professional  chair — that  of  malignant 
diseases — and  elected  the  Doctor  to  fill  it.  From  that  period  his 
practice  in  special  surgical  diseases  increased,  and  he  was  com- 
pelled to  call  to  his  aid  several  physicians  of  distinction.  The  want 
of  accommodation  for  his  fast  growing  practice  caused  the  Doctor, 
in  1S7 1,  to  purchase  the  large  and  commodious  building  at  Sixty- 
fifth  and  Vine  streets,  which  was  known  as  the  Philadelphia  Belle- 
vue  Institute  and  Cancer  Infirmary.  He  also  established  a  branch 
at  Charlotte,  N.  C.  In  1S72  he  issued  a  medical  journal,  which  was 
an  eight  page  folio  semi-monthly  journal  under  the  title  of  The 
Medical  Independent.  He  has  written  some  excellent  illustrated 
treatises  on  diseases  of  the  brain  ami  nervous  system,  another  on 
"Dietetic."  under  the  title  of  "  What  Shall  I  "Eat?"  Others  on 
malignant  growths,  cancers,  tumors,  ulcers,  etc.  He  has  recently 
published  an  illustrated  work  of  seventy-two  pages,  the  title  oi  which 
is  "  Women  and  Her  Diseases  and  Their  Treatment.''  He  is  now  en- 
gaged, and  has  nearly  completed,  a  work  under  the  same  title  of 
some  600  pages.  He  is  also  engaged  in  gold  and  copper  mining 
business,  being  President  and  the  largest  owner  in  the  "  L'tica  Min- 
ing and  Milling  Co.,"  located  in  Boulder  county,  Colorado,  and 
wliose  office  is  at  60S  Chestnut  street,  this  city.  He  is  also  Presi- 
dent of  the  noted  "  Marble  City  Quarry  Co.,"  »t  Gunnison  county. 
Colorado. 


vaina  in  1.S7S,  graduating  therefrom  three  years  later  from  the 
Departments  of  Philosophy  and  Medicine.  Since  1S81  he  has  held 
the  position  of  Assistant  Surgeon  to  the  Eye  and  Ear  Department 
Philadelphia  Dispensary,  and  upon  its  reorganization  was  elected  to 
the  staff  at  the  Pennsylvania  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary.  He  has  also 
occupied  the  position  of  Ophthalmic  Surgeon  to  the  Eve  and  Ear 
Dispensary  of  the  German  Hospital.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
County  Medical  Society ;  the  Northern  Medical  Societv :  the 
Neurological  Societv;  the  Medico  Jurisprudence  Societv;  the 
American  Medical  Association  ;  the  State  Medical  and  the  Inter- 
national Medical  Societies,  and  also  an  Alumnus  of  the  Philoso- 
phical and  Medical  Departments  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania. 
He  married  some  time  ago  Miss  A.  Pauline  Warren,  daughter  of 
John  Warren,  Esq.,  of  Wreutham,  Mass.  Dr.  Lautenbach  has  led 
too  busy  a  life  in  the  actual  practice  and  care  of  his  patients  to  have 
devoted  much  time  to  publication  of  his  cases  in  the  medical 
journals.  His  thesis  on  graduating  warranted  his  friends  to  ex- 
pect some  fine  literary  and  scientific  work  from  his  pen,  as  he  not 
only  received  the  H.  C.  Lea  prize  from  the  Medical  Department  of 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  but  also  the  George  B.  Wood 
prize  from  the  Department  of  Philosophy  from  the  same  institution. 
His  subjects  being  "  Broom  and  its  Alkaloids  "  and  "  Strychnia  and 
its  Antidote  "  respectively. 


BENJAMIN    LEE.  M.D. 


LOUIS  J.  LAUTENBACH,  M.D. 

Was  born  in  this  city.  His  father,  August  Lautenbach.  was  a 
prominent  dealer  in  real  estate.  Dr.  Lautenbach  received  his 
primary  education  from  the  public  schools  of  the  city,  graduating 
from  the  High  School.     He  entered  the    University  of  Peunsvl- 


Was  born  at  Norwich,  Conn.,  September  26,  1S33,  his  father 
being  the  Right  Rev.  Alfred  Lee.  I).  D.,  Bishop  of  Delaware  and 
presiding  Bishop  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  whilst  among 
in--  maternal  ancestors  was  Judge  Trumbull,  of  Connecticut,  the 
patriot-poet  of  die  Revolution.  He  was  prepared  fur  the  Univers- 
ity of  Pennsylvania  at  the  Episcopal  Academy,  this  city,  graduat- 
ing from  the  University  as  A.  B.  in  1H52  and  A.M.  in  1S55.  He 
attended  the  lectures  at  Jefferson  Medical  College  in  1H53-54,  and 
at  the  New  York  .Medical  College  in  1S54-55  ami  '36,  -.n  which  year 
he  received  his  degree  of  M.  D.  from  the  latter  institution.  After 
spending  two  years  in  the  hospitals  in  New  York  he  further  prose- 
cuted his  studies  in  Paris  ami  Vienna,  and  whilst  111  Paris  in  1S5S 
he  was  secretary  of  the  American  Medical  Society.  Returning  to 
this  country,  he  established  himself  in  general  practice  in  New 
York,  and  while  in  that  city  was  a  memberof  the  New  York  Counly 
and  State  Medical  Societies,  as  well  as  editor  of  the  American 
Medical  Monthly.  In  1N63  he  entered  upon  the  treatment  of  de- 
formities and  spinal  affections  by  mechanical  agencies  ami  in  1  S65 
removed  to  Philadelphia,  continuing  the  practice  of  orthopedics 
and  the  treatment  of  nervous  diseases,  and  especially  devoting  him- 
self lo  the  development  of  mechanical  therapeutics.  He  isa  mem- 
ber of  the  County  Medical,  the  State  Society,  and  of  the  American 
Medical  Association.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  American  Pub- 
lic Health  Association  and  the  Social  Science  Association  of  Phila- 
delphia. He  is  a  life  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Society  for  Organ- 
izing Charity  and  was  for  many  years  the  president  of  the  Mutual 
Aid  Association  of  the  Philadelphia  County  Medical  Society  and  is 
also  a  member  of  the  Medical  Jurisprudence  Society  of  Philadel- 
phia. In  1SS4  Dr.  Lee  was  honored  with  the  presidency  of  the 
American  Academy  of  Medicine,  and  in  1SS5  was  appointed  by 
Governor  Pattison  as  a  member  of  the  newly  created  State  Board  of 
Health  of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  soon  after  elected  as  secretary  and 
executive  officer.  Among  other  societies  of  which  he  is  a  member 
are  :  The  American  Congress  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  vice- 
president  of  the  American  Orthopedic  Association,  and  member  of 
the  Legislative  Commission  on  Removal  of  Philadelphia  Quaran- 
tine Station. 

Dr.  Lee  has  been  a  voluminous  writer.  One  of  his  most 
important  works  as  a  medical  author  is  "  The  Correct  Principles 
of  Treatment  for  Angular  Curvature  of  the  Spine."  Others 
were:  "A  Report  on  Meteorology  and  Epidemics,1' numerous  re- 
ports and  papers  on  conditions  of  health  and  disease  in  Philadel- 
phia and  Pennsylvania,  his  address  on  hygiene,  "  Penny  Wisdom 
and  Pound  Folly,  or  the  Cost  of  a  Great  Epidemic  to  a  Orcat  City  ;" 
"  A  Plea  for  a  State  Board  of  Health."  He  is  at  present  publishing 
a  scries  of  "Tracts  on  Massage,"  and  is  the  author  of  an  article  011 
'•  Diseases  of  the  Bones  and  Joints  "  in  Wood's  "Household  Prac- 
tice of  Medicine,"  and  also  an  article  on  "  Massage  and  the  Move- 
ment Cure  "  in  Dr.  Hobart  Hare's  "  System  of  Practical  Therapeut- 
ics." Dr.  Lee  was  instrumental  in  procuring  the  passage  of  the 
laws  for  regulating  the  practice  of  medicine  and  for  the  registra- 
tion of  physicians.  He  has  also  presented  before  the  Legislature 
a  bill  for  the  care  of  habitual  drunkards  and  a  bill  to  provide  for 
the  inspection  of  plumbing  in  all  cities  and  towns  in  the  State. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


LOUIS  F.  LOVE,  M.D. 

Among  the  younger  physicians  who  have  attained  distinction 
in  his  special  branch  may  be  mentioned  Dr.  Louis  F.  Love,  who 
has  been  for  the  past  three  years  Ophthalmic  surgeon  at  St.  Mary 
Hospital.  Born  in  this  city  August  25,  1859.  His  father,  Thomas  C. 
Love,  is  a  well  known  manufacturer,  and  gave  his  son  Louis  all  the 
advantages  of  a  good  classical  education.  Commencing  at  the 
Lauderbach  Academy  after  which  he  received  special  courses  of 
studv  from  private  tutors.  He  matriculated  at  Jefferson  Medical 
college  in  1879  anc'  graduated  from  there  in  1S82,  during  which 
time  he  attended  the  full  course  at  the  Philadelpnia  College  of 
Pharmacy.  In  1882  he  was  elected  resident  physician  at  the  St. 
Mary  Hospital,  and  has  also  occupied  some  minor  charitable  posi- 
tions, such  as  Vaccine  physician  and  also  an  attache  at  the  Phila- 
delphia Dispensary  at  Fifth  and  Walnut  streets.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  County  Medical  Society  ;  the  Pennsylvania  State  Medical 
Society  ;  The  Northern  Medical  Society  ;  the  Neurological  and  the 
Medico  Legal  Societies.  He  has  contributed  many  important  papers 
to  different  medical  journals,  principally  upon  matters  pertaining 
to  his  favorite  specialty,  i.  c,  diseases  of  the  eye.  His  practice  is 
devoted  exclusively  to  that  subject. 


GEORGE  B.  MILLER,  M.D. 

Son  of  Charles  Miller,  Esq.,  of  this  city,  was  born  in  Philadel- 
phia, June  28,  1S64.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools,  gradu- 
ating from  the  Central  High  School.  The  early  bent  of  his  mind 
was  toward  chemistry,  and  as  a  stepping  stone  to  this  art  he  was 
entered  as  a  student  of  medicine  at  the  University  of  Pennsylva- 
nia in  18S2.  Three  years  later  he  graduated.  Since  his  graduation 
Dr.  Miller  has  taken  the  deepest  interest  in  laboratory  experiment- 
ing. Although  enjoying  a  lucrative  practice,  being  also  connected 
•is  a  partner  with  the  well  known  physician.  Dr.  Loelling,  he  spends 
all  his  spare  moments  in  his  laboratory,  occupying  his  time  in  orig- 
inal research.  His  thesis  on  his  graduating  from  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  was  "Toxicology"  and  showed  at  once  his  wonder- 
ful faculty  for  analytical  research.  A  successful  paper  on  "Post 
Mortem  Inhibition  of  Poisons"  has  attracted  much  attention  in  a 
field  that  few  dare  to  enter.  This  was  followed  by  a  brochure  on 
"The  Post  Mortem  Absorption  of  Strychnine  "  and  later  bv  "Some 
Experiments  in  the  After  Death  Absorption  of  Arsenic."  These 
were  so  ably  written  that  arguments  pro  and  con  tilled  the  medical 
journals  for  some  time,  bringing  forth  words  of  approval  from 
such  scientific  authorities  as  Dr.  Formad  and  others.  Dr.  Miller  is 
the  associate  editor  of  the  Medico  Legal  Journal  of  New  York,  and 
has  left  the  imprint  of  his  wonderful  intellect  on  the  pages  of  that 
famous  journal.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  County  Medical  Soci- 
ety of  this  State  and  of  the  Medico-Legal  Society  of  New  York. 
He  is  also  a  member  of  the  American  Chemical  Society,  of  which 
society  he  was  a  delegate  from  this  city  at  its  last  meeting.  He 
owns  one   of  the  best  private  laboratories  there  is  in  this  country. 


EDWARD  EMMETT  MONTGOMERY,  M.D. 

Professor  Montgomery  was  born  in  Newark,  Ohio,  in  1S49. 
He  lived  on  a  farm  until  he  attained  his  sixteenth  year.  He 
attended  the  Denison  University  at  Granville,  Ohio,  where,  owing 
to  delicate  health  he  was  unable  to  remain  in  continuous  work,  and 
in  1871  he  received  the  degree  of  B.  S.  He  was  made  president  of 
his  graduating  class. 

He  then  read  medicine  a  year  with  Dr.  J.J.  Hamill,  of  Newark, 
at  the  same  time  teaching  school  to  aid  in  his  life  work.  In  1S74  he 
received  the  degree  of  M.  D.  from  Jefferson  Medical  College,  having 
passed  No.  I,  and  was  made  president  of  the  class.  He  entered  the 
Philadelphia  hospital  as  a  resident  where  he  remained  until  1S75, 
when  he  commenced  the  practice  of  medicine,  serving  as  an  assist- 
ant in  the  Philadelphia  Eye  and  Ear  Dispensary,  and  also  teaching 
Anatomy  and  Physiology  to  private  classes  in  the  Jefferson.  In  1S7S 
he  was  elected  Obstetrician  to  the  Philadelphia  Hospital,  where 
he  remained  until  the  present  time.  Having  become  well  known 
by  his  connection  with  the  study  of  Gynecology  and  its  kindred 
branches,  in  1SS6  Dr.  Montgomery  was  elected  Professor  of  Gyne- 
cology in  the  Medico-Chirurgical  College,  was  its  secretary  for  three 
years,  and  is  now  the  Professor  of  Obstetrics  and  Gynecology.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Countv  Medical  Society  and  the 
College  of  Physicians,  and  the  State  Medical  Society  and  the  Ameri- 
can Medical  Association.  Of  the  latter  he  was  chairman  of  the 
section  on  Gynecology,  is  a  Fellow  and  ex-president  of  the  Ameri- 


can Association  of  Obstetricians  and  Gynecologists,  and  a  member 
of  several  other  bodies  out  of  the  State. 

He  has  performed  over  two  hundred  abdominal  operations. 
His  contributions  to  the  literature  of  the  profession  are  numerous, 
but  confined  to  his  special  branch,  and  have  appeared  in  the  medi- 
cal journals  in  the  form  of  clinical  lectures,  etc. 


CHARLES  PERCY  NOBLE,  M.D. 

Is  a  native  of  Maryland.  He  has  made  Philadelphia  his  home 
since  1884,  and  in  that  time  has  done  a  lion's  share  in  the  charitable 
work  of  the  district  to  which  he  holds  allegiance.  Born  November 
15,  1863,  his  early  education  was  received  in  the  public  schools 
of  Maryland,  afterwards  finishing  his  education  in  the  Agricul- 
tural College  of  Iowa.  Returning  to  his  native  State,  Mary- 
land, he  entered  the  University  of  Maryland  and  graduated  there- 
from in  1884,  receiving  the  highest  honors  of  his  class.  The 
University  gold  medal  (first  prize)  and  Obstetrical  prize  being 
among  the  acknowledgments  of  his  ability  and  success.  Coming 
to  this  city  in  1884  he  was  appointed  on  the  staff  at  the  Lying-in 
Charity,  corner  Eleventh  and  Cherry  streets.  With  this  began  his 
successes  as  a  physician  and  surgeon.  He  was  appointed  physician 
to  the  Northern  Dispensary,  and  is  now  Surgeon  in  charge  of  the 
Department  of  Diseases  of  Women.  He  also  occupies  the  same 
position  at  the  Union  Dispensary.  He  is  Surgeon  in  charge 
Kensington  Hospital  for  Women  ;  Lecturer  on  Gynecology  at  the 
Polyclinic  College  on  Lombard  street  ;  Fellow  of  the  American 
Gynecological  Society  ;  President  of  the  Northern  Medical  Society  ; 
Fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons  ;  member  of  the 
County  Medical  Society  ;  the  Obstetrical  ami  the  Pathological  Soci- 
eties. His  writings  have  been  numerous.  In  addition  to  his  con- 
tributions to  the  Editorial  Department  of  the  Medical  and  Surgical 
Reporter,  he  has  contributed  largely  to  the  other  medical  maga- 
zines. Dr.  Noble  married  September  15,  1SS5,  Miss  Rose,  daughter 
of  A.  H.  Rose,  of  Sussex  countv,  N.  J.  His  practice  is  devoted  to 
obstetrics  and  diseases  of  women. 


WILLIAM    HENRY   PANCOAST,  M.D. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  October, 
1835,  his  father  being  the  well  known  Joseph  Pancoast,  of  Jefferson 
College.  His  collegiate  studies  were  pursued  at  Haverford  College, 
Pa.,  from  which  he  received  the  degree  of  B.  A.  in  the  spring  of 
1853.  Subsequently  in  due  course  he  received  the  degree  of  M.  A. 
He  pursued  his  medical  studies  in  Jefferson  Medical  College,  grad- 
uating in  1S56.  He  then  went  to  Europe,  where  for  nearly  three 
years  he  continued  his  studies  in  the  schools  and  hospitals  of  Lon- 
don, Edinburgh,  Berlin,  Paris,  Vienna,  etc.  His  love  of  home  and 
country  caused  him  to  decline  a  flattering  offer  from  the  distin- 
guished Civiale  to  remain  in  Paris  as  his  assistant,  and  he  returned 
to  Philadelphia,  where  he  at  once  commenced  to  devote  his  atten- 
tion to  the  surgical  branch  of  his  profession.  At  the  same  time 
he  engaged  in  private  teaching  of  anatomy. 

A  special  incident  in  his  life  was  his  determination  to  obtain 
the  bodies  of  the  celebrated  Siamese  twins  for  the  purpose  of  a  sci- 
entific examination  of  the  band  which  united  them,  which  he  suc- 
cessfully accomplished  in  1874.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences,  a  Fellow  of  the  American  Academy  of  Medi- 
cine, a  Fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians,  member  and  president 
of  the  Philadelphia  County  Medical  Society  in  1S69,  member  and 
vice-president  of  the  State  Medical  Society  of  Pennsylvania,  mem- 
ber and  vice-president  of  the  American  Medical  Association  in 
1S86,  member  of  the  Internatioual  Medical  Congress  held  in  Phila- 
delphia in  1876,  member  and  president  of  the  Section  of  Anatomy 
of  the  International  Medical  Congress  of  1SS7  held  at  Washington, 
D.  C,  and  a  member  of  the  congress  held  in  Berlin,  Prussia,  in 
1S90.  He  has  been  a  frequent  contributor  to  medical  literature 
through  the  various  medical  journals,  and  his  clinical  lectures  on 
surgery  were  published  in  the  Medical  and  Surgical  Reporter  and 
the  Medical  Times  of  Philadelphia. 

In  1 85 9  he  was  elected  a  surgeon  to  the  Charity  Hospital  of 
Philadelphia,  during  ten  years  establishing  a  large  clinic.  In  1862 
he  was  appointed  demonstrator  of  anatomy  in  the  Jefferson  Medi- 
cal College,  holding  that  position  for  twelve  years.  He  was  also 
appointed  lecturer  on  surgical  anatomy  in  the  Summer  School. 
In  1S66  he  was  elected  one  of  the  visiting  surgeons  of  the  Philadel- 
phia Hospital.  During  the  absence  of  his  father  in  Europe  in  1S67 
and  1S6S  he  was  appointed  adjunct  professor  of  anatomy  in  the 
Jefferson,  and  in  that  season  lectured  as  professor  and  demonstrator 
of  anatomy,   teaching  operative  surgery,    holding  surgical  clinics 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


at  the  Philadelphia  Hospital  and  at  the  Jefferson  College.  In  1S73 
and  1S74  he  served  again  as  adjunct  professor  of  anatomy  in  the 
Jefferson,  aiding  his  father,  and  the  next  spring  on  the  resignation 
of  his  father,  Dr.  William  H.  Paucoast,  was  elected  to  succeed  him 
as  professor  of  general,  descriptive  and  surgical  anatomy.  During 
the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he  held  the  position  of  surgeon  in  chief 
and  second  officer  in  charge  of  the  Sixth  and  Master  streets  Mili- 
tary Hospital,  Philadelphia,  and  on  three  occasions  volunteered 
his  services  in  the  field. 

Having  resigned  his  professorship  in  the  Jefferson  College,  in 
1886  he  was  elected  professor  of  general,  descriptive  and  surgical 
anatomv  in  the  Medico-Chirurgical  College  of  Philadelphia  and 
surgeon  to  the  hospital,  which  positions,  as  well  as  the  presidency 
of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  same,  he  still  holds. 


WILLIAM  G.  PORTER,  M.D. 


RICHARD  ALEXANDER  F.  PENROSE,  M.D. 

Richard  Alexander  F.  Penrose,  M.  D.,  was  born  in  Carlisle,  Pa., 
March  24,  1827.  His  father,  the  Hon.  Chas.  B.  Penrose,  was  a 
prominent  lawyer,  State  Senator,  and  at  one  time  Solicitor  of  the 
Treasurv.  His  mother,  Valeria  Fullerton,  comes  of  one  of  the 
best  and  oldest  families  in  the  State. 

Professor  Penrose  received  his  earlier  education  at  Dickinson 
College,  from  which  he  graduated  in  July,  1846.  Immediately  after 
finishing  his  classical  education  he  entered  the  Medical  Department 
of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  receiving  his  diploma  from  that 
institution  in  1849.  He  was  forthree  years  the  resident  physician  at 
the  Pennsylvania  Hospital,  this  being  his  first  appointment  after 
graduating.  He  was  then  elected  consulting  physician  to  the  Phil- 
adelphia Hospital,  and  lecturer  on  diseases  of  women  and  children. 
In  1856  Dr.  Penrose  with  some  others  founded  the  Children's  Hos- 
pital of  this  citv.  Some  years  later,  in  1863,  he  was  elected  Pro- 
fessor of  Obstetrics  and  Diseases  of  Women  and  Children  at  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania,  succeeding  the  celebrated  physician 
and  surgeon.  Dr.  Hugh  L.  Hodge.  In  [S75  Dickinson  college  con- 
ferred upon  him  the  honorable  title  of  LL.  D.  Two  years  ago 
Professor  Penrose  resigned  the  professorship  at  the  L~niversit\  . 
which  he  had  uninterruptedly  filled  for  twenty-six  years  and  was 
immediately  honored  with  the  appointment  of  Emeritus  Professor 
in  the  Medical  Department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  which 
position  he  new  fills. 

During  his  professional  career  Dr.  Penrose  has  been  connected 
with  almost  all  the  charitable  institutions  in  this  city.  The  Penn- 
sylvania, the  Episcopal,  the  Philadelphia,  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania, the  St.  Christopher  and  Garnicium  Hospitals,  the  Preston 
Retreat  and  the  Children's  Hospital.  It  was  mainly  through  his 
exertions  also  that  the  Philadelphia  Hospital  was  opened  to  medical 
instruction.  Dr.  Penrose  is  well  known  in  the  medical  literary 
world,  having  contributed  most  important  and  valuable  papers  on 
special  subjects  in  his  department.  He  married  in  1858  Miss  S.  H. 
Boies,  the  daughter  of  Col.  I.  S.  11.  Boies,  of  Wilmington,  Delaware. 
From  this  union  there  have  come  six  sons,  the  eldest,  the  Honorable 
Boies  Penrose,  is  president  pro  tern.  1  1S91 1  of  the  Senate  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. A  remarkable  fact  in  connection  with  this  family  is  that 
the  grandfather  of  Hon.  Boies  Penrose  occupied  the  same  position 
as  president  pro  tern,  of  the  Senate  ^>t  Pennsylvania  just  fifty  years 
ago  this  vear. 


JOHN  L.  PHILLIPS,  M.D. 


Dr.  Phillips  was  born  in  Pittsburgh,  March  r.  1S5S.  His 
father,  Robert  B.  Phillips,  was  a  prominent  merchant  of  that  city. 
It  was  here  he  first  received  the  rudiments  of  a  public  school  edu- 
cation, afterwards  going  to  Haverford  College.  He  entered  the 
Jefferson  Medical  College  in  1880,  and  after  a  three  years'  course  he 
graduated  in  18S3,  having  for  his  preceptor  that  well  known  pro- 
fessor, William  H.  Pancoast.  After  graduating  he  was  appointed 
as  assistant  in  the  throat  room  under  Dr.  Sajous.  At  this  time  he 
was  very  close  to  his  preceptor,  William  H.  Pancoast,  and  was 
made  by  him  his  first  assistant,  which  position  he  occupied  for 
about  three  years  and  a  half,  during  which  time  he  was  also  con- 
nected with  the  private  hospital  of  Drs.  Paucoast  and  Shoemaker. 
The  thorough  training  thus  received  fully  equipped  him  for  the 
arduous  duties  of  a  professional  life,  and  no  doubt  his  continuous 
success  since  then  is  largely  due  to  this  training.  Dr.  Phillips  mar- 
ried in  the  fall  of  1S87  Miss  Mabel,  the  daughter  of  Charles  M. 
Gatzel,  Esq.,  of  this  city.  His  practice  is,  as  a  necessity,  a  general 
family  practice,  and  his  writings,  although  numerous,  have  been 
confined  to  strictly  medical  subjects  and  contributions  to  the  differ- 
ent medical  journals. 


Was  born  April  25,  iS46,at  1630  Chestnut  street,  this  citv.  His 
father  being  the  sou  of  Reverend  Thomas  Porter,  and  his  mother. 
Catherine  Benezet,  the  daughter  of  Anthony  B  ,  the  celebrated 
abolitionist.  His  education  up  to  his  fourteenth  year  was  received 
at  the  Penn  Manor  Boy's  School,  afterwards  he  was  prepared  by 
private  tutors  for  his  admission  into  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  graduated  from  the  Medical  Department  of  the 
l'niversity  of  Pennsylvania  in  1S68,  and  almost  immediately  was 
appointed  Assistant  Resident  Physician  to  the  Philadelphia  Dis- 
pensary, which  position  he  occupied  for  one  year.  He  was  then 
elected'  to  the  Philadelphia  Hospital  as  Resident,  which  he  filled 
for  fifteen  months.  He  began  the  practice  of  medicine  July  4, 
1870,  at  No.  314  South  Eleventh  street,  and  has  since  then  been 
continuously  engaged  between  his  private  practice  and  his  public 
duties.  He  is  considered  one  of  the  most  careful  and  successful 
surgeons  there  is  in  this  city.  Dr.  Porter  is  the  senior  Surgeon  of 
the  Philadelphia  Hospital;  also.  Surgeon  to  the  Presbyterian 
Hospital  ;  he  is  Consulting  Physician  to  the  Philadelphia  Dis- 
pensary ;  and  Consulting  Physician  to  the  Educational  Home  for 
Bovs  ;  he  is  a  member  of  the  County  Medical  Society:  a  member 
of  the  Obstetrical  Society;  a  Fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians,  of 
which  honorable  body  he  is  an  ex-Secretary  ;  a  Fellow  of  the 
Academy  of  Surgery;  a  member  of  the  State  Medical  Society  ;  a 
member  of  the  American  Medical  Association;  and  also  a  Fellow 
of  the  American  Surgical  Association.  He  is  a  constant  con- 
tributor of  medical  literature  to  the  different  medical  societies  and 
journals,  and  delivered  the  oration  at  the  last  annual  meeting  of 
the  Academy  of  Surgery.  Dr.  Porter  was  married  to  Miss  Susan 
M.  Hobart.  of  Fairfield,  Fairfield  county,  Connecticut,  in  1880, 
and  has  six  children  to  bless  their  union. 


the  -.tudv  o 
l'niversity  1 
three  years. 


EMIL  G.  REHFUSS.  M.D. 

Dr.  Emil  G.  Rehfuss  was  born  in  this  city  May  12.  iSni.  His 
father.  George  Rehfuss,  being  an  inventor  of  some  note.  His  carlv 
cducation  was  received  from  the  public  schools  of  this  city.  It  was 
his  intention  originally  to  take  up  the  practice  of  pharmacy,  and 
with  this  end  in  view  he  became  a  student  at  the  Philadelphia 
College  of  Pharmacy,  from  which  institution  he  graduated  in 
i.Nor.  He  occupied  several  important  positions  in  different 
pharmacies  for  a  few  years,  and  whilst  doing  so  commenced 
the  treatment  of  diseases.  Matriculating  at  the 
f  Pennsylvania  he  studied  hard  and  earnestly  for 
Receiving  his  diploma  he  began  a  career  that  is  at 
once  a  pride  and  honor.  He  was  nominated  for  and  accepted  the 
position  of  Resident  Physician  at  the  German  Hospital,  a  position 
that  is  eagerly  sought  for  by  most  graduates;  this  position  he 
retained  for  a  period  of  nineteen  months.  lie  then  became  the 
Assistant  to  Dr.  Turnbull  in  the  Eye  and  Ear  Department  at  the 
same  hospital.  He  also  occupied  the  position  of  Gynecologist  for 
several  years  at  the  German  Hospitai.  Dr.  Rehfuss  is  at  present 
Chief  of  the  Eve  Clime  at  the  St.  Agnes  Hospital  on  South  Broad 
street,  and  has  built  up  quite  a  reputation  as  a  consulting  physician 
in  these  specialties  from  his  fellow  members  of  his  profession. 
Aside  from  his  professional  duties  Dr.  Rehfuss  has  found  time  to 
keep  up  his  social  duties.  He  is  a  member  of  a  number  of  lodges 
in  different  societies;  is  also  Medical  Examiner  of  the  Order  of 
Tonti,  the  Sexennial  League,  of  which  he  is  Supreme  Vice-Presi- 
dent, and  is  also  physician  to  the  German  Society  of  Philadelphia. 


JAMES  M.  ANDERS,  M.D. 

Dr.  James  M.  Anders  is  one  of  the  best  known  professors  of 
sanitary  science,  hygiene  and  forestry  in  Philadelphia.  He  was 
born  in  the  vear  1856,  and  came  to  Philadelphia  in  1S75.  He 
studied  general  medicine  and  hygiene  at  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania and  took  his  degree  in  1877.  Dr.  Anders  began  practice 
in  the  northern  part  of  the  city,  and  he  paid  special  attention  to 
hygiene  and  the  diseases  of  children.  His  offices  arc  now  at  No. 
1030  North  Broad  street.  He  occupies  the  chair  of  Professor  of 
Sanitary  Science  and  the  Diseases  of  Children  at  the  Mcdico-Chir- 
urgical  Hospital,  and  he  also  delivers  the  clinical  lectures  on  the 
diseases  of  children.  He  has  written  and  read  a  number  of  valua- 
ble papers  on  forestry  and  hygiene. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIAXS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


OLIVER  R.  REX,  M.D. 

Was  born  at  Rayville,  Hunterdon  countv,  N.  J.,  iu  1S40.  His 
parents  were  George  P.  Rex,  a  prominent  physician  and  surgeon, 
and  Gertrude  Williamson.  He  attended  the  public  schools  of  his 
countv  until  liis  fourteenth  year,  after  which  he  was  sent  to  board- 
ing school,  Tuscarora  Academy.  His  parents  moving  to  Perry,  111. , 
young  Rex  accompanied  them.  Here  three  years  of  his  life  were 
spent  in  a  drug  store,  his  leisure  moments  being  occupied  in  study 
under  a  private  tutor.  At  his  nineteenth  year  he  entered  Lafayette 
College,  at  Easton,  Pa.,  remaining  until  the  end  of  his  sophomore 
year,  when  he  left  to  join  the  army  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  war. 
He  enlisted  in  the  Thirty-third  Illinois  Infantry,  the  educated  regi- 
ment, as  it  was  then  called.  The  entire  regiment  was  composed  of 
collegiates  or  graduates.  Company  A  being  composed  entirely  of 
teachers,  and  the  colonel  of  the  regiment  being  the  principal  of  a 
school.  Dr.  Rex's  father  was  then  at  the  head  of  the  normal 
schools  of  Illinois  and  was  surgeon  of  this  noted  regiment.  Until 
April,  1S63,  a  private  in  Company  A,  Thirty-third  Illinois;  then 
was  appointed  hospital  steward,  serving  as  regimental,  brigade, 
division  and  corps  hospital  steward,  and  finally  promoted  to  assist- 
ant surgeon  of  his  regiment. 

After  the  battle  of  Vicksburg  he  received  as  a  special  compli- 
ment from  General  Grant  a  sixty  days'  leave  of  absence  and  was 
commissioned  as  first  lieutenant.  He  was  mustered  out  of  service 
November  4,  1S65.  Coming  to  Philadelphia,  he  commenced  anew 
the  studv  of  medicine,  graduating  from  the  Jefferson  Medical  Col- 
lege of  this  citv  in  March,  1S67.  His  work  in  the  medical  profession 
commenced  with  his  appointment  as  resident  physician  at  the 
Philadelphia  Hospital,  which  he  received  after  a  competitive  ex- 
amination with  a  record  of  No.  I.  He  remained  here  eighteen 
months.  He  was  also  elected  quiz  master  over  the  students  of  Jef- 
ferson College  and  organized  a  private  class,  to  which  he  lectured 
on  physical  diagnosis.  <  In  the  completion  of  the  Jefferson  Hos- 
pital he  was  elected  visiting  physician,  serving  also  as  a  clinical 
lecturer,  until  three  years  ago,  in  Lhe  summer  course.  He  was  then 
elected  lecturer  on  diseases  of  children,  which  position  he  resigned 
last  Mav.  He  is  also  visiting  physician  to  the  Presbyterian  as  well 
as  the  Jefferson  Hospital.  In  1SS2  was  appointed  on  the  staff  of 
the  Medical  Examiners  of  the  Pcnn  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Com- 
pany, and  011  the  resignation  of  Dr.  Keating  was  appointed  chief 
of  the  staff.  Dr.  Rex  is  a  fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians,  a 
member  of  the  County  Medical  Society,  the  Society  of  Pediatrics, 
and  the  Medical  Directors'  Association  of  lhe  Old  Line  Insurance 
Companies  of  the  Tinted  States.  In  the  Masonic  Order  he  stands 
very  high,  having  attained  the  Thirty-second  Degree.  Dr.  Rex 
married  Miss  Anna  B.  S.  Stevenson,  daughter  of  John  1!.  Steven- 
son. Esq.,  who  has  borne  him  two  children,  a  son.  John  B.  S.  Rex, 
who  graduated  last  year  from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
who  begins  this  year  a  medical  course  in  the  same  institution,  and 
a  daughter,  Mary  Res:,  now  in  her  sixteenth  year. 


CHARLES  SCHAFFER.  M.D. 

Dr.  Charles  Schaffer  was  born  in  1S.5S.  His  father  was  Charles 
Scharfer  the  second,  who  was  the  son  of  Charles  Scluiffer.  and 
whose  father  was  David  Schaffer,  all  being  natives  of  Philadelphia. 
The  father  of  David  Scluiffer  was  David  Schaeffer,  born  in  Saxony. 

David  Schaeffer,  his  son  David  and  grandson  Charles  were  sugar 
refiners  and  were  a  long  time  engaged  in  business  in  Philadelphia. 
Charles  Scharfer  the  second,  the  father  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  a  wholesale  druggist  of  the  firm  of  Carr  &  Scharfer.  doing 
business  at  the  northeast  corner  of  Sixth  and  Market  streets.  Dr. 
Scluiffer  graduated  from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1S59, 
after  which  he  was  in  the  L'nited  States  service  at  Chester  Hospital. 
He  was  the  attending  physician  at  Medical  Branch  of  Bedford  street 
Mission  during  the  year  1S74,  and  tilled  the  same  position  at  Mis- 
sion Hospital  from  1S75  to  18S0,  since  which  time  he  has  been 
engaged  iu  the  general  practice  of  his  profession  in  the  city  of 
Philadelphia,  and  ranks  among  its  many  able  members. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Countv  Medical  Society 
and  Fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians  at  Philadelphia.  Member 
of  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  and  of  the  Historical  Society 
of  Pennsylvania.     His  office  is  at  1309  Arch  street. 


JOHN  BEDFORD  SHOBER,  M.D. 

Was  born  in  this  city  August  28,  1.S59.  his  father,  Samuel  L. 
Shober,  being  one  of  Philadelphia's  leading  merchants.  At  the 
early  age  of   twelve   years  his   preparatory  education    was   com- 


menced— St.  Paul's  School  at  Concord,  New  Hampshire,  was  the 
academy  chosen  for  that  purpose.  He  remained  there  seven  vears 
preparing  himself  for  Princeton,  which  he  entered  in  1SS2.  gradu- 
ating three  years  later.  Being  thoroughly  equipped,  he  began  his 
studies  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  from  which  he  graduated 
in  1SS5  after  a  three  years'  course.  Two  years  later  he  received  the 
appointment  of  Resident  Physician  at  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital, 
dividing  his  time  between  it  and  the  Children's  Hospital.  In  1SS7 
desiring  to  further  continue  his  medical  training  he  decided  to  go 
abroad.  Two  years  he  spent  in  studying  the  methods  in  use  in  the 
various  hospitals  and  universities  in  Germany,  more  especially 
those  of  Berlin  and  Heidelberg.  Returning  to  this  country 
in  1S89  he  immediately  began  the  practice  of  medicine  and  is 
moving  towards  the  front  rank  in  his  chosen  field.  Dr.  Shober 
is  connected  with  the  out-patient  department  of  the  Surgical 
Dispensary  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  as  Surgeon.  He  is 
also  on  the  staff  of  surgeons  to  the  Gynecean  Hospital  on  North 
Eighteenth  street.  He  is  a  Fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians  ;  a 
member  of  the  County  Society,  the  Pathological  and  also  the  Ob- 
stetrical Societies  of  this  citv.  His  writings  have  been  confined  to 
reports  of  special  cases  that  have  come  under  his  personal  notice 
and  which  have  been  contributed  to  the  medical  journals.  His  prac- 
tice is  a  general  one  with  special  leaning  towards  surgery  for  which 
his  medical  training  has  so  thoroughly  prepared  him. 


JOHN  VE1TCH  SHOEMAKER.  M.D. 

Professor  Shoemaker  was  born  in  Chambershtirg,  Pennsylvania, 
in  March.  1N.52.  He  entered  Dickinson  College  and  graduated  in 
1 S 7 2 .  receiving  the  degree  of  A.  B.  Three  years  later  he  was  made 
A.  M.  Having  decided  to  study  medicine,  lie  entered  the  Jefferson 
Medical  College  in  the  class  of  1872.  Iu  1.S74  that  school  conferred 
on  him  the  degree  of  M.  D.  In  the  same  vear  he  was  ap- 
pointed a  demonstrator  of  Anatomy,  and  for  six  vears  delivered 
lectures  upon  this  branch.  At  the  same  time  he  organized  the 
"Jefferson  Quiz  Association,"  taking  as  his  share  of  the  work. 
Materia  Medica  and  Therapeutics.  From  [S76  he  was  lecturer  on 
Anatomy  in  the  Philadelphia  School  of  Anatomy,  from  which  lie 
retired  111  1S7S.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Pathological  and  Philadel- 
phia County  Medical  Societies,  was  Physician  to  the  Foster  Home, 
and  iu  the  same  year  he  established  the  Dispensary  for  Skin  Dis- 
eases in  which  for  many  years  he  taught  large  classes. 

He  next  became  a  member  of  the  Slate  Medical  Society  of 
Pennsylvania  and  of  the  American  Medical  Association.  In  both 
these  bodies  he  has  been  an  active  worker,  serving  as  Secretary  of 
the  Section  on  Practice  of  Medicine  of  the  latter,  and  afterward  its 
Chairman,  in  18N4.  From  this  association  he  has  attended  as  a 
delegate  the  various  learned  bodies  of  Europe,  on  several  occasions. 
Iu  1S79  he  entered  the  field  of  journalism,  and  in  connection  with 
several  associates.,  he  established  the  "Medical  Bulletin"  a 
monthly  journal  which  still  exists  as  a  monument  of  his  energy 
and  unflagging  powers.  We  may  mention  in  this  connection,  that 
at  the  conclusion  of  the  first  volume  he  received  from  the  late  Pro- 
fessor Samuel  D.  Gross,  a  very  congratulatory  note.  Iu  addition 
he  has  contributed  largely  to  the  literature  of  the  profession,  both 
in  the  journals  and  otherwise.  In  [881  he  became  Secretary  of  the 
American  Medical  Editors'  Association,  and  in  1.SS3  was  made  Vice- 
President.  He  held  the  chair  of  lectures  on  Skin  Diseases  in  the 
post  graduate  course  of  the  Jeffcrsou  College,  acting  as  its  secre- 
tary and  treasurer. 

In  [8S4  he  visited  the  great  centres  of  learning  all  over  Europe 
where  he  was  most  pleasantly  received,  and  at  the  British  Medical 
Association  he  read  a  paper  on  the  Oleatcs,  which  elicited  a 
thorough  discussion  in  the  Section  of  Pharmacology  and  Thera- 
peutics. On  his  return  he  received  a  handsome  demonstration  at 
the  hands  of  his  numerous  friends  At  the  International  Medical 
Congress  of  1SS4,  held  in  Copenhagen,  he  read  a  paper  before 
the  Section  on  Dermatology,  entitled  "  The  Treatment  of  Diseases 
of  the  Skin  by  Novel  Means  and  Methods."  He  was  soon  after 
elected  a  member  of  the  British  Medical  Association  and  also 
chosen  a  Fellow  of  the  London  Medical  Society.  On  the  occasion 
of  the  organization  of  the  General  Committee  of  the  American 
Medical  Association,  toarrange  forthe  Ninth  International  Medical 
Congress  Association,  he  was  elected  by  the  delegates  from  Penn- 
sylvauia  to  represent  that  State,  ami  was  made  the  Secretary  of  that 
Committee.  In  1SS6  he  became  connected  with  the  Medico- 
Chirurgical  College  of  Philadelphia  as  Professor  of  Skin  Diseases, 
which  chair  he  held  for  several  years,  and  in  1S0Q  he  was  elected  to 
the  chair  of  Materia  Medica,  Therapeutics  and  Clinical  Medicine. 
He  is  also  one  of  the  physicians  to  the  hospital  of  that  institution. 
He  is  the  author  of  "  The  Oleatcs  and  Ointments,  especially  in  Skin 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHIL  A  DDL  PHI  A. VS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


Diseases  ;  "  "  Heredity,  Health  and  Personal  Beauty  ;  "  "  Treatise 
on  Materia  Medica  and  Therapeutics,  in  two  volumes;"  "A 
Practical  Treatise  on  Diseases  of  the  Skin,"  etc. 


DAVID  DENISON  STEWART,  M.D. 

Dr.  David  Denison  Stewart  was  born  in  this  city,  October  10, 
1S57.  He  comes  from  a  very  old  and  honored  family.  His  grand- 
father, Thomas  Stewart,  coming  to  this  country  in  the  beginning 
of  this  century  fresh  from  his  college  at  Dublin,  locating  at  Pitts- 
burgh ;  his  executive  ability  becoming  recognized,  he  was  ap- 
pointed United  States  Appraiser  at  this  port,  which  position  he  held 
from  1818  until  1849.  Dr.  Stewart  is  the  son  of  Franklin  Stewart. 
His  early  education  was  obtained  at  the  Saunders  Academy,  West 
Philadelphia,  after  which  he  was  taken  in  charge  by  a  private  tutor. 
In  the  spring  of  1876  he  commenced  his  medical  studies  at  the 
Jefferson  Medical  College,  graduating  in  1S79.  Immediately  after 
graduating  he  commenced  the  practice  of  his  profession.  His  first 
appointment  was  received  in  1884,  when  he  was  made  Assistant  in 
the  Medical  Department  of  the  Jefferson  College.  A  year  later  he 
was  appointed  Assistant  Demonstrator  of  Clinical  Medicine,  and  in 
18S6  he  was  promoted  as  Chief  of  the  Medical  Clinic.  In  1S88  he 
was  elected  Lecturer  on  Diseases  of  the  Spinal  Cord  in  the  College 
Department,  and  the  following  year  Lecturer  on  Diseases  of  the 
Nervous  System.  As  Demonstrator  of  Neurology  and  Chief  of  the 
Neurologic  Clinic,  Dr.  Stewart  became  one  of  the  most  popular  men 
in  his  college.  He  it  was  who  created  such  universal  consternation 
among  the  people  of  this  city  by  his  investigation  and  discovery  of 
the  use  of  chrome  yellow  by  bakers  in  making  up  their  pastrv.  Dr. 
Stewart  at  present  is  Physician  to  St.  Christopher's  Hospital  for 
Children,  and  also  St.  Mary's  Hospital.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
County  Medical  Society  ;  a  Fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians  :  a 
member  of  the  Neurological  and  Pathological  Societies,  and  also  of 
the  State  Medical  Societies.  His  writings  have  been  numerous,  and 
his  contributions  to  the  medical  journals  and  societies  always  attract 
marked  attention. 


ISIDORE  P.  STRITTMATTER.  M.D. 

Few  of  the  younger  medical  men  in  this  city  have  made 
more  rapid  strides  toward  the  goal  of  success  than  Dr.  Isidore  P. 
Strittmattcr.  Although  quite  young  in  years  lie  enjoys  a  large 
practice,  is  well  thought  of  by  his  brother  physicians  and  has 
unquestionably  been  a  credit  to  his  alma  mater.  He  was  born  in 
Carrolton,  Cambria  county,  this  State.  August  10,  i.sno.  His 
father,  who  is  still  living,  is  Francis  F.  Strittmattcr.  a  promi- 
nent and  successful  builder.  Young  Strittmatter's  early  educa- 
tion was  received  at  St.  Vincent's  college.  Westmoreland  conutv, 
Pa.  He  graduated  from  there  in  1875,  being  then  in  his  fif- 
teenth year.  After  graduating  he  taught  school  for  two  years, 
occupying  his  spare  moments  in  reading  medicine.  Toward  the 
latter  part  of  his  teaching,  having  acquired  a  preliminary  knowl- 
edge of  medicine,  he  entered  the  Jefferson  Medical  College  of 
this  city,  from  which  he  graduated  at  the  session  of  [S80-S1. 
Immediately  after  graduating  he  was  appointed  resident  physician 
at  the  German  Hospital,  which  position  he  occupied  for  seven 
months,  resigning  to  go  to  St.  Mary's  Hospital.  After  serving  here 
ten  months  he  was  ohliged  to  withdraw  owing  to  a  serious  attack 
of  typhoid  fever.  Alter  his  recovery  he  immediately  commenced 
lo  build  up  the  practice  he  controls  to-day.  At  present  he  is 
surgeon  in  chief  of  that  noble  charity,  the  St.  Marv's  hospital,  on 
Fraukford  ruad,  to  which  he  devotes  as  much  time  as  he  can  possi- 
bly spare  from  his  private  practice.  Dr.  Strittmattcr  is  a  prominent 
member  of  a  number  of  medical  societies  :  The  County  Medical, 
the  Pathological,  the  Medico  Jurisprudence,  the  Northern  Medical 
Association  and  others. 


GEORGE   W.  VOGLER,  M.D. 

Was  born  in  the  old  District  of  Kensington,  this  city,  Decem- 
ber 7,  1855.  His  father,  John  G.  Vogler,  was  well  known  in  that 
region  as  a  manufacturer  and  builder.  His  classical  studies  were 
commenced  in  the  public  schools  of  this  city,  where  after  passing 
the  various  grades,  he  left  the  senior  class  to  enter  Bryant  ^i  Strat- 
ton's  Business  College.  Undecided  between  the  choice  of  music  or 
medicine  as  a  profession,  he  entered  a  music  store  on  Chestnut 
street,  but  after  remaining  there  about  a  vear  he  concluded  to  take 
up  medicine.  He  entered  the  drug  store  of  the  late  George  M. 
Saowdcn,   as  a   preliminary    step   in   this   direction,  where    he   re- 


mained about  two  years,  thus  acquiring  a  good  knowledge  of  the 
nature  of  drugs.  During  this  time  he  was  receiving  instructions 
in  Greek,  Latin  and  German,  as  a  private  student  of  Professor 
Hertzog.  After  leaving  the  drug  business  he  entered  the  office  of 
the  late  Dr.  James  M.  Boisnot  as  a  private  student,  at  the  same  lime 
matriculating  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  from  which  he 
graduated  after  a  four  years'  course  in  March,  1876  ;  receiving  the 
"  Distinguished  Merit  Prize  "  for  excellence  of  Thesis.  In  June  of 
the  same  year  he  received  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Philosophv  from 
the  Auxiliary  Department  of  Medicine  of  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania. For  two  years  next  succeeding  he  was  Resident  Physi- 
cian in  the  German  and  Philadelphia  Hospitals  respectivelv.  In 
18S1  was  elected  one  of  the  Consulting  Physicians  at  the  German 
Hospital.  He  also  served  as  Chief  of  the  Out-Door  Department  for 
Diseases  of  Women  at  the  same  institution  for  a  number  of  years. 
He  was  a  Director  and  Secretary  of  the  Twelfth  Ward  Society  for 
Organizing  Charity  for  ten  years,  was  one  of  the  corporators,  and  is 
now  a  large  stockholder  and  Director  of  the  Integrity  Title  Insur- 
ance and  Trust  Company  of  this  city.  Dr.  Yogler  is  an  active 
member  of  the  Pennsylvania  State  and  Philadelphia  County  Medi- 
cal Societies;  the  Obstetrical,  the  Medico  Legal,  and  the  Alumni 
of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  ;  the  Association  of  Blocklev 
ex-Resident  Physicians,  and  the  Alumni  Societv  of  the  Auxiliary 
Department  of  Medicine  of  the  Universitv  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
also  the  Northern  Medical  Society.  He  is  a  member  of  man  v  vears' 
standing  of  the  American  Legion  of  Honor,  and  the  Knights  and 
Ladies  of  Honor;    the  latter  of  which  he  is  Medical  Examiner. 


JAMES  BAY.NES  WALKER,  M.D. 

Was  born  December  15,  1840.  He  is  the  son  of  Thomas  R.  and 
Mary  B.  Walker,  of  Chester  Valley,  his  paternal  ancestor  being  the 
original  purchaser  of  the  tract  from  the  Proprietor  of  Pennsylvania. 
He  was  educated  at  the  Friends'  Central  School  of  this  city.  His 
medical  education  was  received  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania. 
graduating  from  there  in  1*72.  After  graduating  he  was  appointed 
on  the  stall' at  the  Philadelphia  Hospital  (Blocklev  1  as  resident  phy- 
sician, serving  from  April,  1S72.  until  June.  [873.  In  1874  he 
graduated  as  Doctor  of  Philosophy  from  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. In  1870  Dr.  Walker  was  elected  to  the  visiting  staff  of  the 
Philadelphia  Hospital.  In  1S70  he  was  elected  Professor  of  the 
Practice  of  Medicine  at  the  Women's  Medical  College  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, which  position  he  held  until  this  year  [891  1.  when  increas- 
ing duties  in  the  practice  of  medicine  compelled  him  to  resign. 
He  has  been  the  Secretary  of  the  American  Climatological  Asso- 
ciation since  its  organization  in  1883.  He  is  a  Fellow  of  the  Col- 
lege of  Physicians  of  Philadelphia,  a  member  of  the  County  Medi- 
cal Societv.  the  Pennsylvania  State  Medical  Society,  the  American 
Medical  Association,  the  Philadelphia  Obstetrical  Society,  the  Phil- 
adelphia Pathological  Society,  A.  M.  P.  O.  Society  of  the  Medical 
Department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  and  a  member  of 
manv  other  societies.  He  occupies  the  position  of  Consulting 
Phvsician  to  the  Women's  Hospital  of  Philadelphia,  as  well  as  the 
Women's  Hospital  of  West  Philadelphia.  Among  his  numerous 
writings  may  be  mentioned  a  manual  on  the  Physiological  Action 
of  Medicines,  of  which,  in  conjunction  with  Dr.  Louis  Starr, 
he  is  the  author.  He  is  also  the  author  of  numerous  published 
clinical  lectures  and  papers  in  the  medical  journals  of  the  day.  In 
addition  to  these  he  is  Associate  Editor  of  The  Cliuiatologtst. 

Dr.  Walker  married  in  1S73  Martha  M.  Abraham,  of  Upper 
Meriou,  Pa.,  and  has  three  children — two  daughters  and  a  sou. 


SAMUEL   E.  WALKER.  M.D. 

Was  born  June  17,  1854,  at  Holmesburg,  Twenty-third  Ward 
of  Philadelphia.  His  father,  Robert  Walker,  was  for  many  years  a 
prominent  business  man  of  the  city.  For  a  long  time  he  was  in 
the  grocery  business  on  Chestnut  street,  near  Second.  Young  Sam- 
uel was  given  a  public  school  education,  partly  in  this  city  and 
partly  in  Atlantic  county,  New  Jersey.  This  was  added  to  by  the 
private  tuition  obtained  from  his  sister,  Sarah  Dungau  Walker,  a 
noted  classical  scholar  and  teacher.  Dr.  Walker  intended  origi- 
nally to  adopt  the  drug  and  chemical  business  as  his  life  work,  and 
witli  this  end  in  view  entered  the  College  of  Pharmacy  of  this  city, 
where  he  received  the  degree  of  Ph.D.  and  his  diploma  in  materia 
medica,  pharmacy  and  chemistry  after  a  four  years'  course  ending 
in  1874.  In  1870  he  opened  a  drug  and  chemical  store  at  Ninth  and 
Catharine  streets,  in  the  Third  Ward,  which  lie  continued  for  four- 
teen vears.  In  1882  he  matriculated  at  the  Jefferson  Medical 
College,   and  after  a    two   years'    course    graduated   from   that   iu- 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PIIILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


stitution.  Shortly  alter  graduating  he  was  appointed  assistant  phy- 
sician to  the  Ear  Department  at  the  Jefferson  College.  For  eight 
vears  he  was  connected  with  the  So.ithwark  Church  Dispensary 
and  at  present  is  physician  in  charge  of  that  worth}7  charity.  Dr. 
Walker's  public  works  have  thrown  him  into  contact  with  a  num- 
ber of  societies,  which  gradually  accumulating,  find  him  to-day 
one  of  the  busiest  practitioners  in  that  particular  class  of  work  ; 
i.  e.,  medical  examiner  of  orders  and  lodges.  He  is  the  medical 
examiner  of  Southwark  Dodge,  Fraternal  Guardians;  Cohocksink 
Lodge,  Order  of  Amity;  first  medical  examiner  elected  by  the 
Knights  of  the  Golden  Eagle  in  Pennsylvania  ;  also  Local  Branch 
No.  56,  Order  of  Iron  Hall;  Sisterhood  Branch,  No.  666,  same 
order ;  district  medical  examiner  Order  of  Vesta,  and  numerous 
other  organizations.  He  is  a  member  of  Mount  Moriah  Lodge, 
F.  A.  M.;  Malta  Castle,  K.  G.  E.;  present  grand  instructor  K.  G.  E. 
in  Pennsylvania;  member  of  Grand  Castle,  K.  G.  E.;  Star  of  Beth- 
lehem Lodge,  K.  F.  P.;  Wissinoming  Tribe,  I.  O.  R.  M.;  Cohock- 
sink Lodge,  Order  of  Amity;  National  Lodge,  Order  of  Vesta; 
Delta  Lodge,  O.  of  V.;  Sou'thwark  Lodge,  Fraternal  Guardians; 
Branch  56,  0.  I.  H.  ;  South- 
wark  Lodge,  I.  O.  O.  F.  He  is 
married  to  Miss  Detes,  of  Phil- 
adelphia. 


ian  tumors,  febroid  tumors  of  the  uterus,  pora  and  peri  metrils. 
In  1874  he  was  elected  to  the  obstetrical  staff  of  the  Philadelphia 
Hospital.  He  performed  many  of  the  advanced  operations  in 
Gynaecology.  He  resigned  this  position  in  [881  and  has  since 
devoted  himself  to  his  private  practice.  He  has  made  diseases  of 
women  a  special  study  and  has  one  of  the  best  appointed  private 
hospitals  in  this  city.  Dr.  Warder  was  the  orator  of  the  Jefferson 
Medical  College  Alumni  Association  in  1S86  and  pronounced  an 
eloquent  eulogy  upon  his  friend  and  patron  Prof.  S.  D.  Gross.  He 
was  an  active  member  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Alumni 
Association  for  a  number  of  years,  and  for  a  time  Chairman  of  the 
Committee.  He  was  active  in  raising  funds  to  build  the  present 
Jefferson  Medical  College  Hospital  and  a  strong  advocate  for  ad- 
vanced medical  technics.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Memorial 
Baptist  Church. 


W.M.  H.  WARDER.  M.D. 

Was  born  near  Russcll- 
ville.  Logan  county,  Ivy.,  June 
12,  1853.  His  fatlier,  the  Rev. 
Win.  Warder,  was  a  distin- 
guished Baptist  divine,  whilst 
his  mother,  Margaret  More- 
head,  was  a  sister  of  Gov. 
Chas.  S.  Morchead,  of  Ken- 
tuckv.  Dr.  Warder  was  edu- 
cated at  the  Russellville  Male 
Academy.  When  sixteen  years 
old  he  came  to  Philadelphia, 
intending  to  learn  the  drug 
business.  He  was  induced  by 
Dr.  Paul  B.  Goddard,  a  then 
prominent  pharmacist  anil 
teacher,  to  study  the  other 
branches  of  medicine.  Before 
completing  his  studies  he  was 
called  home  by  the  illness  of 
his  mother,  who  lived  near  In- 
crease, Tcun.  He  shortly  after 
commenced  the  drug  business 
in  Increase,  in  the  meanwhile 
prosecuting  his  medical  stud- 
ies. In  1859  he  graduated  in 
medicine  at  the  University  of 
Nashville,  Tenn.  He  soon 
gained  a  reputation  in  surgery 
and  general  practice.  From 
1862  to  1S64  the  armies  of  the 
United  States  Government  and 
the  Southern  States  overran  the  country  where  the  Dr.  then  lived, 
and  as  he  was  one  of  the  few  prominent  men  in  that  section  who 
adhered  to  the  Union,  he  was  forced  to  confine  himself  to  town  work 
within  the  Federal  lines.  In  1864  he  removed  to  this  city  where 
he  had  married  in  1855  Miss  Josephine  Stager,  cousin  of  General 
Anson  Stager,  and  who  from  her  mother's  side  is  a  descendant  of 
General  Green  of  Revolutionary  fame.  Bv  this  marriage  he  has 
two  daughters  and  one  son.  His  oldest  daughter  married  Mr. 
Frank  S.  Lewis,  and  his  second  daughter  married  Mr.  John  P. 
Crozer,  son  of  Samuel  Crozer  of  Ashland,  Pa.  His  son  is  a  practicing 
physician,  being  a  graduate  of  both  the  Jefferson  Medical  College 
and  the  Medical  Department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania. 
He  is  also  the  general  manager  of  his  father's  private  hospital. 

Soon  after  Dr.  Warder  came  to  Philadelphia  he  formed  the  ac- 
quaintance of  Prof.  S.  D.  Gross,  and  an  attachment  was  formed 
that  lasted  until  the  death  of  the  latter.  It  was  this  attachment  no 
doubt  that  formed  the  medical  life  and  future  successes  of  Dr. 
Warder.  Attending  closely  the  lectures  and  clinics  of  Prof.  Gross, 
he,  in  1S66  began  a  course  of  examinations  of  studies  upon  surgery 
in  connection  with  the  Jefferson  Medical  College.  In  1S67,  186S, 
he  gave  private  lectures  upon  Inflammation  and  its  results.  From 
this  time  until  1.875  he  gave  private  lectures  upon  obstetrics  and 
diseases  of  women,  use  and  abuse  of  the  obstetrical  forceps,  ovar- 


WlLL 


JAMES  CORNELIUS  WILSON,  M.D. 

Just  elected  to  the  chair  at 
the  Jefferson  College,  lately  va- 
cated by  Dr.  J.  M.  Da  Costa, 
was  born  March  25,  1847.  He 
is  the  oldest  son  of  the  late 
Dr.  Elwood  Wilson,  a  distin- 
guished practitioner  of  medi- 
cine in  this  city,  and  of  Hanna 
Paul  Shallcross.  His  early  edu- 
cation was  acquired  at  the 
Friends'  Central  High  School 
under  Principal  Aaron  B.  Ivins. 
He  then  went  to  Philips  Exe- 
ter Academy  ill  New  Hamp- 
shire,where  under  David  Malm 
he  wasprepared  for  Vale,  which 
he  entered  in  1.S63.  In  ]S64he 
entered  Princeton,  from  which 
he  graduated  in  1867.  His 
classical  education  being  com- 
pleted, he  was  thoroughly  pre- 
pared for  the  studious  life  of 
his  chosen  profession.  Enter- 
ing Jefferson  Medical  College 
of  this  city,  after  a  two  years' 
course  he  graduated  in  March, 
1.S69.  He  then  became  a  pupil 
of  the  well  known  physician, 
Dr.  W.  W.  Keen  and  afterwards 
of  Dr.  Frank  Morey.  He  was 
house  physician  to  the  Wills 
Eye  Hospital  for  about  six 
months  and  in  1S71  was  elected 
to  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital 
as  resident  physician.  He  then 
went  abroad  to  continue  his 
studies,  spending  most  of  one 
year  in  the  hospitals  of  Ger- 
many and  Austria,  principally 
in  Vienna.  On  his  return  to 
this  country  he  was  elected  Chief  of  the  Medical  Clinic  under  Dr. 
Da  Costa,  which  he  held  for  four  years.  In  1S77  he  met  with  a  rail- 
road accident  in  which  he  was  seriously  injured,  necessitating  his 
entire  withdrawal  from  the  profession.  Previous  to  this  he  was  ap- 
pointed Physician  to  the  Philadelphia  and  Jefferson  Hospitals. 
January  1,  1S90,  he  resigned  the  former  position  on  account  of  his 
increasing  private  practice.  In  1889  he  was  appointed  Physician 
to  the  St.  Agnes  Hospital  which  he  resigned  the  following  year, 
afterwards  becoming  attending  physician  which  he  still  retains. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Countv  Medical  Society  :  the  Pathological 
Society,  of  which  he  was  President  from  18S6  to  1SS8  :  the  American 
Philosophical  Society;  one  of  the  original  members  of  the  Amer- 
ican Association  of  Physicians  and  Pathologists  ;  a  member  of  the 
American  Climatological  Society  and  also  of  the  Pediatric  Associa- 
tion. He  is  also  an  active  Fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians  of 
this  citv.  He  married  the  daughter  of  Win.  Grosholz  who  has 
borne  him  two  children.      

W.  REYNOLDS  WILSON,  M.D. 

Dr.  W.  Reynolds  Wilson  was  born  in  this  city  October  31,  1S63, 
being  a  younger  son  of  the  late  Elwood  Wilson,  M.  D.  His  educa- 
tion began  at  the  North  Broad  Street  Institute  for  young  men  and 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIAXS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


boys,  George  Eastburn  principal,  after  which  lie  was  sent  to  St.  Paul's 
school,  New  Hampshire,  a  noted  college  of  that  State.  After  grad- 
uating from  there  he  entered  Harvard  University,  Cambridge, 
Massachusetts,  from  which  he  graduated  in  1S06.  After  finishing 
at  Harvard  he  took  the  regular  graded  course  of  medicine  at 
the  Jefferson  Medical  College  of  this  citv.  Supplementing  this 
by  a  trip  abroad  where  he  continued  his  studies  in  Vienna. 
Also  as  Interne  of  Frauen  Blinik,  Munich,  Bavaria,  under  Professor 
Winckel. 

Returning  to  this  country  in  1890  Dr.  Wilson  immediately  took 
up  the  practice  of  medicine.  He  was  appointed  visiting  physician  to 
the  Philadelphia  Lying-in-Charity,  physician  to  Dispensary  for  dis- 
eases of  women,  attached  to  the  German  Hospital,  and  also  resi- 
dent physician  on  the  staff  at  the  Philadelphia  I  Blockley)  Hospital. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Pathological  and  County  Medical  Societies 
of  this  city. 

His  literary  work  is  confined  to  the  pages  of  the  University 
Magazine,  he  being  a  colaborator  with  Drs.  Hirst  and  R.  C.  Xorris 
on  the  obstetrical  department  of  that  book.  Dr.  \V.  P.evnolds 
Wilson  has  a  constantly  en- 
larging general  family  practice 
and  his  successes  in  his  chosen 
field  of  labor  prove  him  to  lie  a 
worthy  successor  to  his  hon- 
ored father. 


MATTHEW  WOODS.  M.  D. 

Matthew  Woods.  M.  D., 
one  uf  Philadelphia's  must 
popular  physicians  and  a  well 
known  author,  was  born  in 
Ireland,  May  2S,  1H47.  His 
mother.  Catharine  Wauchop, 
was  a  descendant  of  the  re- 
nowned Dr.  Wauchop,  of  C"l- 
inar,  who  lied  from  France 
after  the  revocation  of  the 
Edict  of  Xante's.  His  father, 
Samuel  Woods,  was  a  worker 
in  iron.  Voting  Woods  was 
educated  in  a  strictly  religious 
and  thorough  manner,  but 
when  he  was  only  sixteen 
ve.irs  of  age  he  ran  away  from 
home  and  came  to  America, 
just  before  the  end  of  the  War 
of  the  Rebellion.  Although  a 
mere  boy  he  soon  saw  active 
service  in  the  Navy.  On  board 
the  "  Princeton  "  he  was  at  the 
Charleston  blockade,  and  was 
soon  after  actively  engaged  on 
the  sloop  of  war  "John  Ad- 
ams." He  was  four  months 
on  the  monitor  "  Nantucket," 
and  after  a  gallant  and  useful 

career,  at  the  close  of  the  war,  he  was  ordered  to  the  "Tacony'' 
and  visited  the  West  India  Islands.  He  was  honorably  discharged 
after  serving  three  years  and  a  mouth. 

The  young  sailor  now  determined  to  enter  the  medical  profes- 
sion. He  began  his  studies  with  Dr.  Kemble,  of  Union  county,  in 
this  SLate,  and  he  finished  his  medical  education  at  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania  under  Dr.  James  Collins.  Dr.  Woods  practiced 
his  profession  for  fourteen  years,  and  then  he  went  home  to  Ireland 
and  traveled  through  Great  Britain  and  the  greater  part  of  Europe. 
The  result  of  his  travels  appeared  in  a  book  entitled  the  "  Rambles 
of  a  Physician,"  which  brought  him  both  fame  and  money,  and 
enrolled  him  among  the  popular  authors  of  the  citv. 

Dr.  Woods  was  the  first  among  the  regular  profession  to  intro- 
duce to  Philadelphia  the  old  custom  of  dispensing  his  own  medi- 
cine, a  practice  which,  because  of  its  greater  security,  is  being 
adopted,  to  some  extent,  by  the  profession  at  large.  Dr.  Woods 
is  married  to  Emily  L.,  daughter  of  the  late  George  W.  Huntzinger, 
Treasurer  of  the  Philadelphia  Coal  Company.  He  has  a  family  of 
four  sous  and  one  daughter. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  County  Medical  Society  and  has  a  large 
general  practice  scattered  all  over  the  city.  His  office  is  at  1507 
South  Broad  street. 


THOMAS  J.  YARROW,  M.  D. 

Was  born  111  Alloway,  Salem  county,  N.  J.,  Februarv  \\, 
1840.  His  father.  Thomas  J.  Sr.,  was  also  a  physician,  as  well  as 
the  latter's  father,  Thomas,  the  grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this 
sketch.  For  three  generations  have  the  Varrows  been  known  as 
successful,  conscientious,  upright  physicians.  His  earliest  educa- 
tion was  received  in  the  village  schools  of  his  native  place,  alter 
which  he  was  sent  to  the  Allentown  Seminary,  now  the  Muhlen- 
berg College  of  Pennsylvania.  He  received  his  diploma  from  the 
Medical  Department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  March  1, 
1861.  In  partnership  with  his  father,  he  practiced  his  profession 
until  the  following  October,  when  becoming  imbued  with  the  war 
spirit  that  spread  over  the  country  at  that  time,  he  entered  the 
army  as  Assistant  Surgeon.  He  was  soon  promoted  to  Surgeon 
and  spent  two  and  a  half  years  in  active  military  service.  Having 
served  this  time  between  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  the  Hospital  of 
Philadelphia  and  the  Department  itself.  He  left  the  army  in  1864. 
since  which  time  he  has  been  in  active  practice  in  this  citv.  Some 
years  ago  he  was  Consulting 
Physician  on  the  Staff  of  St. 
Mary's  Hospital.  He  is  a  Fel- 
low of  the  College  of  Physi- 
cians of  this  city  ;  a  member 
1  if  the  Ci  mnty  Medical  Society, 
and  also  a  member  of  the  Phil- 
adelphia 1  Ibstetrical  Societv. 
Dr.  \  arrow  married  in  Decem- 
ber. 1S63,  Miss  Matilda,  daugh- 
ter of  Thomas  H.  Craige.  Esq., 
and  is  the  father  of  four  chil- 
dren. IIi>life  has  been  a  busy 
one.  and  lias  prevented  him 
from  giving  to  the  world  his 
medical  experiences  for  publi- 
cation, with  the  exception  of 
a  few  papers  to  the  medical 
journals. 


JAMES   K.   YOUNG.    M.  D. 

There  is  no  spccialtv  that 
is  attracting  more  attention 
lo-.lay  from  the  medical  pro- 
fessiou  than  that  of  <  >rtho- 
paedic  Surgery.  Among  the 
brightest  and  liest  of  the  Phil- 
adelphia surgeons  in  this  par- 
ticular spccialtv  may  be  men- 
tioned Dr.  James  IC.  Voting. 
Born  111  Trenton,  X.  J.,  in  1S62. 
His  early  education  was  re- 
ceived in  the  public  and  private 
schools,  entering  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania  in  18S0. 
RROW,  M.D.  alul    graduating    three     years 

later.  He  was  Assistant  Resi- 
dent at  the  Philadelphia  Dispensary  for  one  year.  In  18S4  and 
tSSj  he  acted  as  Resident  Physician  at  the  Philadelphia  1  Blocklevl 
Hospital.  In  1886  he  was  appointed  Instructor  in  Orthopedic 
Surgery  and  Assistant  Demonstrator  ot  Surgery  at  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania.  During  the  year  1889  he  was  appointed  Attending 
Orthopedic  Surgeon  at  the  Hospital  ot  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  also,  Lecturer  on  Orthopaedic  Surgery  at  the  Polyclinic  in 
this  city. 

Dr.  Voting  was  appointed  as  ophthalmic  expert  by  the 
United  States  Government  for  the  Bureau  of  Pensions,  with  head- 
quarters at  Trenton.  N.  J.,  which  position  he  still  occupies.  He  is 
a  member  and  one  of  the  Directors  of  the  County  Medical  Society  ; 
a  member  of  the  Pathological  Society  :  a  Fellow  of  the  College  of 
Physicians;  a  member  of  the  American  Medical  Association,  and 
a  member  of  the  American  Orthopaedic  Association  ;  he  has  been  a 
constant  contributor  to  all  the  medical  magazines.  His  most  im- 
portant work  as  an  author  may  probably  be  considered  his  "  Synop- 
sis of  Human  Anatomy  "  t  18891.  He  is  now  preparing  a  text  book 
on  orthopaedic  surgery  ;  he  is  also  the  editor  of  section  on  Anatomy 
in  the  Universal  Annual  of  Medical  Science,  and  contributed  a  sec- 
tion to  the  Encyclopaedia  of  Diseases  of  Children,  in  conjunc- 
tion with  the  editor,  on  "  Physical  Development  in  Children."  In 
addition  to  his   ability  as  an   author  and  surgeon,  Dr.  Young  has 


264 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA NS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


invented  a  number  of  appliances  in  use  in  orthopaedic  surgery 
His  riantar  Spring  for  flat  foot  is  in  universal  use  anion--  surgeons 
and  hospitals.  ° 


WALTER  M.  L.  ZIEGLER,  M.  D. 

Walter  M.  L.  Ziegler,  M.  D.,  was  born  at  Mount  Jov,  Lancaster 
county,   Pa.,    January  S,    185 1.     After   being   educated'  at    private 
schools  he  entered  Lafayette  College,  from  which  institution  he 
received  the  degree  of  A.  B.  and  A.  M.     The  vear  1872  found  him 
a  student  in  the  University  of  Pennsvlvania.     Graduating  from  the 
Medical  Department  in  1874  he  joined  his  father  who  was  then  one 
ot  the  leading  physicians  of  Lancaster  countv.     After  continuing 
his  studies  and  practice  under  the   direction  of  his  father  for  a 
period  of  two  years.  Dr.  Ziegler  in  1S76  came  to  this  city  and  made 
it  his  home  and  held  for  future  work.     Shortly  after  his  arrival  here 
he  was  appointed  chief  of  the  Ear  Clinic  at  tlie  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania, and  has  since  then  filled  manv  important  positions  chief 
among  which  may  be  mentioned  Assistant  Aural  Surgeon  at  the 
University  Hospital;    Instructor  in  Otology,   University  of  Penn- 
sylvania; Lecturer  on  Laryngology  at  the  Philadelphia  Dispensary  ■ 
Aural  burgeon  to  Presbyterian  Orphanage,  and  Out  Surgeon  to  St' 
Joseph  s  Hospital.     Aside  from  his  large  private  practice  Dr  Ziegler 
is   found  a  welcome   member  of  the  different  medical  societies  to 
which  he  belongs,  the  principal  of  which  arc  the  College  of  Physi- 
cians, the  State  and  Countv  .Medical  Societies,  the  Obstetrical  'the 
Pathological,  and  the  Medical  Legal  Societies.     He  is  also  a  promi- 
nent factor  in  the  clean  political  faction  of  the  Twcntv-uinth  Ward 
111  which  he  lives,  and  is  a  representative  of  that  element  of  the 
Yv  ard  111  the  School  Board.      Dr.  Ziegler  comes  of  a  notable  medical 
family.     His  lather,  one  ot   the  most  prominent  physicians  of  Lan- 
caster county,  was  a  former  President  of  the  State  Medical  Societv 
ot  Pennsylvania.     His  great-grandfather  having  the  honor  of  bem- 
one  of  the  earliest  graduates  of  the   University  of  Pennsvlvania 
[1783].     A  number  of  other  members  of  the  family  in   the   past 
generation  being  prominent  medical  men. 


HENRY  C.  REGISTER.  M.D.,  D.D.S. 

Was  born  in  New  Castle  countv,  Delaware,  August  'S  1S4 4 
He  had  all  the  benefits  of  refined  and'  educated  surroundings  His 
lather,  Isaac  H.  Register,  a  retired  merchant,  gave  him  a  good  aca- 
demic education  at  the  Elkton  Academy,  Md.  '  His  medical  educa- 
tion starting  at  the  Philadelphia  Dental  College,  from  Which  he 
graduated  m  i860:  then  at  Jefferson  in  1S74,  where  lie  received  his 
degree  of  M.  D.;  afterward  a  clinical  teacher  at  the  Pennsvlvania 
Dental  College  ;  also  at  the  University  of  Peunsvlvauia  Dentil  De- 
partment, gave  him  a  practical  and  theoretical  advantage  which  he 
has  never  tailed  to  profit  by.  Among  his  most  important  papers 
showing  his  ability  tor  original  research,  is  that  on  "  The  Use  of 
Compressed  Hot  Air  in  the  Germicide  Treatment  of  Dental  Caries  " 
He  has  contributed  many  articles  to  the  medical  journals  on  mat- 
ters pertaining  to  dental  subjects.     Dr.  Register  as  an  inventor  has 


Produced  quite  a  number  of  mechanical  contrivances  for  dental 
service,  and  his  offices  are  a  conspicuous  example  of  his  wonderful 

SEE I  M-TUS7  o6  lS  *?  me"'ber^l  ex-president  of  the  State 
Dental  Society  of  Pennsylvania  and  also  of  the  Pennsvlvania 
Odontologica  Society.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Art  Club  He 
married  Missbita,  the  daughter  of  B.  H.  Bartol,  who  has  borne  him 
three  children,  two  bovs  and  a  girl. 


WILLIAM  B1DDLE  ATKINSON,  M.D. 

•       ,Prof-  Atkinson  was    born  in  Haverford,  Delaware  countv    Pa 
in  1832       His   family  removing  to  Philadelphia  soon   after'he  re- 
ceived  his    early  training   and   education   in   this  citv.     He  was  a 
member  of  the  first  class  in  the  Central   High  School  that  received 
the  degree  o    Bachelor  of  Arts,   in   1850.     He  at  once  entered  the 
office  of  the  late  Samuel  McClellan,  M.  D.,  as  a  student  of  medi- 
cine  and  in  the  fall  of  that  year  matriculated  in  the  Jefferson  Med- 
ical College,  receiving  the  degree  of  M.   D.  in  1853.     In  iSss  he 
was  granted  the  Master  of  Arts  degree.     He  entered  upon  the  prac- 
tice ot  medicine,  and  for  several  vears  served  as  one  of  the  physi- 
cians to  the  dispensary  of  the  House  of  Industry.     He  entered 'the 
Philadelphia   County   Medical   Society    in    1S54'  and  in   1S57  was 
elected  its  assistant  secretary,  then  secretary,  in  which   position  he 
served  for  a  number  of  years.     He  then  became  a  vice-president 
and  in  1873  was  elected  its  president.    For  several  vears  he  reported 
the  proceedings  of  this  societv  in  the  medical  journals  which  event- 
ually led  to  his  association  with  the  Medical  and  Surgical  Reporter 
as  assistant  editor.     On  severing  this  connection  with   the  paper 
at  the  request  of  the  late  Prof.  Samuel  D.  Gross  he  took  charge  of 
the   Department  of  Obstetrics   and   Diseases  of  Women  and   Chil- 
dren ot  the  .\ortk  American  Medico-Chirnnrical  Review  which 
he  continued  until  the  discontinuance  of  the  journal. 

In   1861  he  was  elected  physician   to   the   Howard   Hospital 
which  he  still  retains,  being  at  present  chief  of  the  Department  of 
Children  s    Diseases.       In    1859   he  was  appointed  assistant  to  the 
professor  ot  Obstetrics  and  Diseases  of  Women  and  Children  in  the 
Pennsylvania  Medical  College.     His  connection  with  this  institu- 
tion ceased  111  1861,  when  the  school  was  closed.     In  1S63  the  State 
-Medical  Society  ot  Pennsylvania,  after  he  had  served  as  a  member 
ot  its  Committee  of  Publication   for  several  vears,  elected  him   its 
first  permanent  secretary,  in  which  position  'he  edited   its  transac- 
tions tor  many  vears.     In  1864  the  office  of  permanent  secretary  of 
the  American  Medical  Association  was  created,  and  he  was  elected 
to  that  office,  which  he  still  retains.      In   1S77  Dr.  Atkinson  was 
elected  by  the  faculty  of  Jefferson  College  lecturer  on  diseases  of 
children,  and  alterwards  to  the  same   position  in  the  post-graduate 
course.     In    1SS7   he  was  chosen  professor  of  sanitary  science  and 
pediatrics  111  the  Mcdico-Chirurgical  College.    Helms  "ion"  held  the 
position  of  a  trustee  in  the  Philadelphia  Dental  College,  and  holds 
a  similar  position   in  several  other  associations.      In  addition  to 
many  papers  in  the  medical  journals,  he  is  the  author  of  "The  Phy- 
sicians and  Surgeons  of  the  United  States,  "Therapeutics  of  Gyne- 
cology and  Obstetrics,"  etc.     For  several  vears  he  issued  as  editor 
the  Medical  Register  and  Directory  of  Philadelphia.     During  the 
late  war  he  served  as  acting  assistant  surgeon  United  States  Army 


205 


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PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


THE  HAHNEMANN  MEDICAL  COLLEGE  AND  HOSPITAL 

The  new  buildings  of  this  institution  occupy  a  prominent 
situation  on  Broad  street,  above  Race  street,  extending  through  to 
Fifteenth  street.  The  college  building  fronting  on  Broad  street  is 
an  imposing  structure  four  stories  in  height,  with  a  high  basement, 
in  a  modified  style  of  Gothic  architecture  and  built  of  brick  with 
terra-cotta  and  brown-stone  trimmings.  The  building  presents  a 
front  of  seventy  feet,  with  a  depth  of  one  hundred  feet,  having  a 
central,  richly  ornamented  tower,  terminating  in  a  pyramidal  spire. 
The  main  entrance  on  Broad  street  is  Hanked  by  double  columns 
of  polished  granite  with  deeply  recessed  arches  above  and  ap- 
proached bv  a  double  flight  of  massive  steps.  The  interior  has  been 
carefully  planned,  and  is  provided  with  laboratories,  lecture  rooms, 
professors'  private  rooms,  anatomical  museum,  reading  room  and 
librarv  of  seven  thousand  volumes;  in  short,  with  everything  neces- 
sary for  imparting  a  thorough  medical  education. 

The  hospital  buildings,  four  in  number,  include  a  handsome 
structure,  fronting  on  Fifteenth  street,  in  a  style  of  architecture 
conforming  to  that  of  the  college,  one  hundred  and  twelve  by  forty- 
five  feet,  and  four  stories  high  with  a  high  basement. 

In  this  building  are  private  rooms  for  patients,  nurses'  quarters, 
children's  wards,  superintendent's  office,  board  room,  etc.  In  the 
rear  of  this  stands  the  administration  building,  forty-five  by  eighty 
feet  and  four  stories  in  height.  In  the  upper  stories  are  located  the 
kitchen  and  laundry,  while  the  other  floors  contain  private  rooms, 
servants'  quarters,  resident  physicians'  office,  receiving  ward, 
children's  ward,  chapel,  etc.  In  the  rear  of  this  is  a  building  26  by 
120  feet,  three  stories  high,  with  live  large  public  wards,  isolating 
rooms  for  special  patients,  and  furnished  with  seventy  beds.  The 
rear  building  of  the  series  is  fifty  by  seventy  feet,  three  stories  high, 
and  appropriated  to  dispensary  work.  A  large  clinical  amphi- 
theatre extends  through  the  two  upper  stories,  with  scatings  for 
four  hundred.  In  the  basement  of  this  building  are  located  the 
electric  plant  and  boilers  for  power  and  steam  heating.  On  the 
first  floor  is  placed  the  pharmacy,  while  eighteen  rooms  in  this 
building  and  the  basement  of  the  southern  wing  of  the  public  wards 
are  devoted  to  the  uses  of  the  dispensary.  The  attendance  in  this  de- 
partment is  exceedingly  large,  averaging  about  twelve  hundred  per 
month,  ami  requiring  daily  the  service  of  some  twenty  physicians. 
Uniting  all  these  buildings  on  each  tloor  is  a  corridor  fourteen 
feet  wide,  making  them  practically  one.  Six  wide  porches  on  the 
south  side  of  the  administration  building  and  communicating  with 
the  several  floors,  give  ample  opportunities  for  the  patients  to  en- 
jov  the  air  and  sun.  Fire  escapes  communicate  with  these,  giving 
easy  exit  from  all  parts  of  the  building.  The  rooms  for  private 
patients,  some  thirty  in  number,  arc  large,  light  and  well-ventilated 
by  open  tirc-places  and  furnished  with  every  comfort  and  con- 
venience. 

The  buildings  arc  supplied  with  two  hydraulic  elevators,  arc 
heated  by  steam  and  lighted  by  electricity.  Thev  have  been  con- 
structed upon  the  most  improved  sanitary  principles,  are  thoroughly 
equipped  in  all  departments,  and  have  a  capacity  of  one  hundred 
and  twenty-five  beds.  While  the  clinical  facilities  offered  by  the 
hospital  are  of  the  highest  importance  to  the  student  of  the  college, 
the  educational  influence  of  the  institution  has  been  still  further 
increased  by  the  organization  of  a  training  school  for  nurses.  The 
entire  cost  of  college  and  hospital  buildings,  including  ground  and 
furnishing,  has  amounted  to  about  five  hundred  thousand  dollars 
($500,000). 

The  first  Homoeopathic  Hospital  in  Philadelphia  was  chartered 
in  1S50,  and  opened  iu  a  building  on  Chestnut  street  near  the  east 
end  of  the  bridge.  Iu  1S62,  under  the  same  charter,  a  hospital  was 
opened  on  Cuthbert  street  in  the  rear  of  the  college  building  on 
Filbert  street.  Here,  during  the  war  were  treated  many  sick  and 
wounded  soldiers  and  others.  In  1870,  this  building  was  torn 
down  and  a  new  and  larger  building  erected,  thus  greatly  increas- 
ing the  facilities  for  hospital  work. 

In  1SS4,  a  consolidation  of  the  charters  of  the  college  and 
hospital  was  effected,  thus  bringing  both  institutions  under  the 
management  of  one  corporation.  Owing  to  the  central  and  con- 
venient location  of  this  institution,  it  has  been  able  to  do  a  vast 
amount  of  good,  having  treated  over  three  hundred  thousand  cases 
in  its  wards  and  out-patient  departments  since  its  organization.  It 
is  rapidly  becoming  one  of  the  most  useful  in  the  city,  as  is  shown 
by  the  fact  that  in  the  ten  months  since  the  opening  of  the  new- 
building  (October  21,  1890 1  over  one  thousand  accident  cases  have 
been  brought  to  and  treated  in  the  institution. 

The  Hahnemann  Medical  College  was  organized  in  1S4S,  under 
the  name  of  "The  Homoeopathic  Medical  College  of  Peunsvl- 
vania."  and  began  its  career  in  a  building  in  the  rear  of  No.  627 
Arch  street.     In  1S49,  it  removed  to  Filbert  street,  above  Eleventh, 


where  it  remained  until  the  completion  of  the  new  buildings.  In 
1S69  it  was  consolidated  with  a  rival  school  and  the  name  changed 
to  the  "Hahnemann  Medical  College  of  Philadelphia."  The  new 
building  on  Broad  street  was  completed  and  dedicated  September 
21.  I.SS6.  Since  the  consolidation,  the  college  has  been  highlv 
prosperous  and  annually  graduates  a  large  class.  The  Alumni  at 
the  present  time  number  nearly  two  thousand. 

The  Hahnemann  College  has  been  active  in  all  movements  for 
the  elevation  of  the  standard  of  medical  education,  and  was  the 
first  medical  college  in  the  country  to  organize  and  announce  a 
three  years'  graded  course.  The  annual  session  commences  Octo- 
ber 1,  and  closes  April  1. 

The  first  Facultv  of  the  college  organized  in  1S48,  included  the 
names  of  Jacob  Jeans,  M.  D.  ;  Caleb  B.  Mathews,  M.  D.  ;  Walter 
Williamson,  M.  D..  and  William  A.  Gardiner,  M.  D.,  all  of  whom 
are  now  deceased.  Later  in  the  history  of  the  college  have  ap- 
peared the  names  of  Doctors  Herring,  Kitchen,  Semple,  Cox, 
Hemple,  McClatchey,  Guernsey,  Farrington  and  Martin,  none  of 
whom — with  the  exception  of  Dr.  James  Kitchen,  now  ninety-one 
years  old — survive. 

The  officers  of  the  corporation  at  the  present  time  are  as  fol- 
lows :  Hon.  Win.  B.  Hanna.  D.C.L.,  President;  Wm.  McGeorge, 
Jr.,  Vice-President ;  Wm.  C.  Hannis,  Secretary;  J.  W.  McAllister, 
Treasurer.  Faculty  of  the  College  :  O.  B.  Gaiise,  M.  D.,  Emeritus 
Professor  of  Obstetrics;  A.  R.  Thomas,  M.D.,  Dean,  Professor  of 
Anatomy;  B.  Frank  Betts,  M.D..  Professor  of  Gvnsecology  and 
Paediatrics;  Pemberton  Dudley,  M.D.,  Professor  "of  Institutes  of 
Medicine  and  Hygiene;  Chas.  M.  Thomas,  M.D.,  Professor  of 
Clinical  Surgery  and  Ophthalmology  ;  John  E.  James,  M.D., 
Registrar,  Professor  of  Surgery  ;  Charles  Mohr,  M.D.,  Professor  of 
Materia  Medica  anil  Therapeutics  ;  W.  C.  Goodno,  M.D.,  Pro- 
fessor of  Pathology  and  the  Practice  of  Medicine  ;  J.  Nicholas 
Mitchell,  M.D.,  Professor  of  Obstetrics;  Eugene  L.  Oatley,  M.D., 
Professor  of  Chemistry  ;  William  H.  Bigler,  M.D..  Professor  ot 
Physiology;  R.  B.  Weaver,  M.D.,  Lecturer  on  Surgical  Anatomv 
and  Demonstrator  of  Anatomy;  E.  M.  Howard,  M.D. ,  Lecturer  on 
Pharmacy,  Toxicology  and  Materia  Medica;  Horace  F.  Ivins, 
M.D..  Lecturer  on  Laryngology  and  Otologv  ;  W.  S.  Ronev,  A.M.. 
Lecturer  on  Jurisprudence  ;  W.  B.  Van  Lennep,  M.D..  Lecturer  on 
Surgery  and  General  Pathology;  E.  R.  Snader,  M.D..  Lecturer  and 
Demonstrator  of  Physical  Diagnosis  ;  Edward  M.  Gramm,  M.D., 
Lecturer  on  Dermatology  and  Syphilology ;  Clarence  Bartlett, 
M.D..  Lecturer  on  Medical  Electricity  and  Neurologv  ;  O.  S. 
Haines,  M.D..  Lecturer  on  Clinical  Medicine  ;  J.  Ii.  Hamer.  M.D., 
Demonstrator  of  Chemistry  ;  F.  W.  Messcrve,  M.D.,  Demonstrator 
of  Normal  and  Pathological  Histologv  ;  E.  W.  Mercer,  M.D., 
Demonstrator  of  Obstetrics  ;  L.  W.  Thompson,  M.D.,  Demonstrator 
of  Surgery;  Isaac  G.  Smedley.  M.D.,  Demonstrator  of  Gvnre- 
cology  ;    Theo.  L.  Chase,  Librarian  and  Secretarv  to  the  Dean. 


HERBERT  E.  ALDRICH,  M.D. 

Dr.  Aldrich  was  born  in  Otsego  county.  N.  Y..  July  2S.  1S56, 
and  received  his  classical  education  from  the  graded  schools  of  that 
district.  Having  to  shift  for  himself  at  a  very  early  age,  he  turned 
his  thoughts  to  teaching.  This  pursuit  he  followed  for  a  period  of 
ten  years,  devoting  what  spare  time  he  had  to  the  study  of  medi- 
cine. He  taught  at  the  different  schools  in  Otsego,  his  birth-place, 
Rome  and  Chenango  counties,  N.  Y.  His  medical  education  was 
continued  at  Afton,  Chenango  county,  from  whence  he  came  to  this 
city  in  the  fall  of  1SS1.  He  received  his  diploma  from  the  Hahne- 
mann Medical  College  of  Philadelphia  after  a  finishing  course  of 
two  years,  in  1883,  and  to  further  increase  his  knowledge  of  practi- 
cal medicine  he  spent  three  years  in  the  Dispensary  Department  of 
the  College  Hospital.  Starting  out  for  himself  thus  so  ably 
equipped,  he  opened  an  office  on  South  Tenth  street,  afterward  re- 
moving to  South  Broad  street,  where  he  has  permanently  located, 
and  where  he  has  been  for  the  past  five  3'ears.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  County  Homoeopathic  Society  of  Philadelphia.  Doctor  Aldrich 
married  Miss  B.  M.  Leatherbury,  of  Camden,  N.J.,and  has  one 
child,  a  boy,  Earnest,  aged  four  years. 


JOSHUA  ALLEN,  M.D. 

Was  born  at  North  Penu,  Delaware,  in  the  year  1851.  His 
father.  Captain  Joshua  Allen,  followed  a  seafaring  life  for  fifty  years, 
and  was  one  of  the  most  noted  and  prominent  mariners  of  our  mer- 
chant navy. 

During  his  youth  Dr.  Allen  came  to  Philadelphia  and  entered 
the  public  schools,  graduating  with    honors.     Being  irresistibly 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


drawn  toward  the  practice  of  medicine  he  commenced  the  study  of 
the  same  in  the  year  1874,  entering  himself  as  a  student  in  the 
Hahnemann  Medical  College  of  this  city  in  1S76,  graduating  two 
years  later.  Immediately  upon  receiving  his  diploma  Dr.  Allen, 
then  in  his  twenty-seventh  year,  located  himself  in  the  northeast- 
ern part  of  the  city,  and  after  a  short  struggle  established  his  repu- 
tation and  became  the  recipient  of  a  growing  practice  which  he 
increased  year  after  year.  He  has  been  highly  successful  in  all 
branches  of  his  profession,  but  he  has  made  a  special  study  of  the 
treatment  of  consumption  of  the  lungs.  Dr.  Allen  has  been  pursuing 
what  he  believes  to  be  an  original  field  of  research  as  regards  the 
cause  and  cure  of  consumption  of  the  lungs,  and  as  a  result  of  these 
investigations  he  has  arrived  at  conclusions  largely  at  variance  with 
the  commonly  accepted  cause  of  this  heretofore  considered  fatal 
disease.  He  is  happily  married  to  Miss  Maggie,  the  daughter  of 
the  late  Mr.  John  Hughes,  a  prominent  carpet  manufacturer  of  this 
citv,  and  is  the  father  of  one  child. 


cal  fraternity,  the  principal  of  which  may  be  mentioned:  "Can 
Hour-Glass  Contraction  of  the  Uterus  be  Produced  by  Unnecessary 
Manipulation  of  the  Uterus,"  "Puerperal  Peritonitis  and  Patholo- 
gical Prescribings,"  "  A  Case  of  Unclosed  Urachus,"  and  others. 

For  some  years  Dr.  Buchanan  had  his  office  on  South  Fifth 
street,  afterwards  moving  to  South  Broad  street,  where  he  is  now. 
He  married  a  Miss  Leary,  daughter  of  John  Leary,  a  merchant  of 
this  city.  The  Doctor  takes  pride  in  his  chosen  profession,  and 
always  has  one  or  more  students  under  his  care,  one  of  whom  after 
graduating  now  occupies  a  responsible  position  in  the  College  De- 
partment of  Hahnemann. 


MARY  BRANSON,  M.D. 

The  history  and  progress 
of  Homceopathy  in  Philadel- 
phia would  be  incomplete 
without  proper  notice  being 
taken  of  the  influence  upon  it 
by  the  professional  life  of  Dr. 
Mary  Branson.  Educated  at 
the  Friends'  School  of  this  city 
she  early  displayed  an  earnest 
desire  to  help  lier  fellow  wo- 
men. With  this  object  in  view 
she  entered  as  a  student  the 
Women's  Medical  College,  of 
Philadelphia,  graduating  from 
therein  1S73.  Her  adaptability 
and  force  of  character  soon  at- 
tracted the  attention  of  her 
superiors.  She  was  offered  and 
accepted  the  position  of  resi- 
lient physician  of  the  hospital 
connected  with  this  college, 
which  she  held  for  a  period  of 
three  years.  During  her  entire 
studies  she  was  treated  witli 
marked  respect  and  courtesy 
bv  her  fellow  students,  both  in 
clinics  and  lectures.  Adopting 
Homoeopathy  as  her  chosen 
field  she  soon  acquired  an  ex- 
tensive practice,  which  is  con- 
ceded to  be  the  largest  general 
practice  of  any  female  practi- 
tioner in  this  city  to-day.  She 
is  an  active  member  of  both 
the  County  and  State  Homoeo- 
pathic Medical  Societies  and 
is  vice-president  and  one  of 
the  original  organizers  of  the 
Women's  Medical  Club  of  Philadelphia. 

Not  a  small  part  of  the  popularity  and  fame  of  Doctor  Branson 
is  due  to  her  untiring  efforts  towards  the  elevation  of  nurses  to 
their  present  important  plane.  She  has  delivered  five  courses  of 
lectures  to  nurses,  and  one  course  to  the  nurses  at  Blocklcy,  which 
has  proven  to  be  of  incalculable  value  to  that  most  important 
adjunct  of  the  sick  room — trained  nurses. 


William    K.  Brown 


WILLIAM    K.   BROWN.   M.D. 

Was  born  in  Kensington,  the  northeastern  suburb  of  the  old 
city  proper.  His  grandfather  and  his  great-grandfather  claimed 
that  old  historic  district  as  their  birthplace. 

Dr.  Brown  was  born  on  the  19th  of  August,  1850.  St.  Michael's 
School,  Second  and  Jefferson 
streets,  which  was  the  nucleus 
from  which  the  celebrated  and 
widely  known  La  Salle  College 
of  this  city  was  formed,  gave 
him  the  earliest  encourage- 
ment for  study  and  laid  the 
foundation  for  his  emiuentlv 
popular  and  successful  career. 
After  leaving  the  Preparatory 
School  of  St.  Michael's  he 
entered  the  Niagara  Univer- 
sity, Niagara  county,  N.  V. 
Graduating  from  there  with 
the  full  measure  of  honors,  he 
entered  the  Hahnemann  Medi- 
cal College  of  this  city  in  the 
spring  of  ;86o.  Graduating  ill 
1872,  he  immediately  com- 
menced the  practice  of  liis  pro- 
fession. Within  a  short  time 
he  became  the  acknowledged 
leading  physician  of  the  New 
School  in  the  locality  in  which 
he  was  known  as  boy  and  man. 
Dr.  William  IC.  Brown's  suc- 
cess has  followed  him  in  finan- 
cial channels  as  well  as  in  the 
professional  ones.  He  is  a 
member  oi  the  board  of  direc- 
tors of  the  Red  Stone  Oil,  Coal 
and  CokeCompany, with  mines 
at  Fayette  county,  Pa.,  and 
offices  in  this  city,  and  is  also 
a  director  of  the  National  Real 
Estate  Company  of  Philadel- 
phia. Dr.  Brown  married 
Mary,  the  eldest  daughter  of 
the  late  Hon.  William  V. 
McGrath,  ex-State  Treasurer 
of  Pennsylvania,  of  whose  estate  he  is  one  of  the  executors 
and  trustees.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  State 
Homoeopathic  Society,  as  well  as  the  American  Institute  of  Homoe- 
opathy, and  a  member  of  the  Alumni  Association  of  Niagara  Uni- 
versity and  was  treasurer  of  this  association   from  1S83  to  1S86. 


FRANCIS  BUCHANAN,  M.D. 

Was  born  in  Carroll  county,  Maryland,  in  the  year  1847-  Dr. 
Buchanan  received  his  classical  education  in  the  public  schools, 
and  it  was  only  through  dint  of  labor  and  hard  work  that  he  accu- 
mulated enough  money  to  enter  as  a  student  of  the  Hahnemann 
Medical  College  of  this  city.  Graduating  in  1S79  he  immediately 
began  the  practice  of  medicine,  taking  up  as  his  specialty  obstetrics 
and  the  cure  of  diseases  of  women  and  children. 

Dr.  Buchanan  is  a  member  of  the  Bocnninghausen  Club,  the 
Philadelphia  County  Homoeopathic  Society,  the  Pennsylvania  State 
Homoeopathic  Societies. 

The  Doctor,  as  a  writer  and  analyst,  has  written  various 
papers  that  have  attracted  a  great  deal  of  attention  among  the  medi- 


C.  H.  BROWN.  M.D. 

This  popular  homoeopathic  practitioner  was  born  in  Lancaster, 
Pa.,  on  May  8,  1S57.  He  is  the  son  of  Edwin  H.  Brown,  for  thirty 
vears  cashier  of  the  Farmers'  National  Bank  at  Lancaster.  Dr. 
Brown  graduated  at  the  Lancaster  High  School  and  then  attended 
the  Franklin  and  Marshall  College.  He  began  his  career  by  work- 
ing in  the  bank  under  his  father.  His  earlier  ideas  had  all  tended 
toward  the  study  of  medicine,  and,  after  following  his  father's  busi- 
ness for  a  few  years,  young  Brown  determined  to  study  medicine. 
In  1S75,  accordingly,  he  entered  the  Medical  Department  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  and  graduated  in  1S7S  with  honors.  His 
preceptor  was  the  late  Charles  T.  Hunter. 

In  September,  1S7S,  Dr.  Brown  was  appointed  one  of  the  resi- 
dent physicians  in  the  Philadelphia  Hospital,  and  a  year  later  he 
became  assistant  physician   in  the  male  wards  of  the  Insane  De- 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA NS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


partraent.  After  obtaining  good  and  useful  knowledge  in  the  great 
hospital,  in  1SS0  Dr.  Brown  returned  to  Lancaster  and  began  prac- 
ticing. He  also  accepted  appointments  as  attending  physician  to 
the  Lancaster  County  Hospital,  and  secretary  to  the  Lancaster 
Board  of  Health.  After  seven  years  practice,  Lancaster  became 
too  small  for  the  rising  young  practitioner,  and  he  sought  a  larger 
field  for  his  work  by  removing,  in  1S87,  to  Philadelphia,  where  he 
started  in  practice  in  the  northwest  part  of  the  city.  Then  it 
was  that  Dr.  Brown  exhibited  his  strength  of  mind  and  firmness  of 
purpose. 

After  a  careful  investigation  of  the  principles  of  homoeopathy, 
by  which  he  was  convinced  of  their  truth,  he  identified  himself 
with  the  hotnceopathic  branch  of  the  profession,  and  without  en- 
tirely discarding  all  the  means  and  measures  he  formerly  found 
useful,  and  without  relinquishing  his  claim  to  an  inheritance  in  the 
grand  achievements  of  traditional  medicine,  he  adopted  the  benefi- 
cent practices  of  the  new  schools,  always  claiming  the  privilege  of 
availing  himself  of  every  resource  which  the  wit  of  man  has  de- 
vised for  the  relief  of  suffering  humanity,  and  acknowledging  no 
obligation  superior  to  the  par- 
amount one  of  doing  the  best 
for  his  patients.  He  has  been 
offered  many  lucrative  hospital 
appointments,  but  he  refused 
them  all,  preferring  to  devote 
all  his  energies  to  his  private 
practice  which  he  now  carries 
on  at  No.  1S20  Diamond  street. 

Dr.  Brown  has  given  some 
valuable  contributions  to  the 
medical  journals,  and  he  is 
now  under  contract  to  furnish 
two  articles  a  month  to  a  prom- 
inent monthly  magazine.  He 
is  a  member  of  many  secret 
societies,  among  them  being 
the  Lancaster  Lodge  of  the 
Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the 
Washington  Encampment,  the 
Lancaster  Lodge  of  the  Knights 
of  Pythias,  the  Metamora  Tribe 
of  the  Independent  Order  of 
Red  Men,  the  Record  Castle, 
Knights  of  the  Golden  Eagle, 
and  the  Mount  Horeb  Lodge, 
No.  52S,  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons.  He  is  also  a  member 
of  the  County  Medical  and 
State  Medical  Societies,  of 
the  American  Institute  of 
Homoeopathy,  and  of  the  In- 
ternational Homoeopathic  Con- 
gress that  convened  at  Atlantic 
City  last  June. 

Dr.  Brown  married,  in 
1SS2,  Flora  W.,  daughter  of 
the  late  Henry  Snyder,  of  Col- 
umbus, N.  J.,  and  he  has  two 
children,  a  bov  and  a  girl. 


ticed  until  June,  1891,  when  he  removed  to  his  present  office  4830 
Main  street.  He  is  in  general  practice  ;  is  a  member  of  the  Ameri- 
can Institute  of  Homoeopathy  ;  of  the  State  and  County  Medical 
Societies;  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Alumni  Association 
of  Hahnemann  Medical  College,  and  is  a  writer  for  the  medical 
journals,  especially  for  the  "  New  York  Medical  Times." 


DAVID  M.  CASTLE,  M.D. 

Was  born  in  Lower  Paxton  township,  Dauphin  county,  Pa., 
October  7,  1842.  His  father,  Daniel  Castle,  was  a  prosperous  farmer. 
Young  David's  earlier  education  was  developed  at  Palmyra  Acade- 
mv,  Lebanon  county,  and  after  receiving  an  academic  education,  he 
taught  school  for  a  few  years.  Tiring  of  this  he  accepted  a  position 
as  a  clerk  in  a  business  house  in  Harrisburg.  He  commenced  the 
study  of  medicine  in  the  Fall  of  1S70,  but  did  not  enter  as  a  student, 
the  Hahnemann  College  of  Philadelphia,  until  1871.  His  progress 
here  was  rapid.  After  graduating  he  became  assistant  to  Professor 
Gause  in  teaching  obstetrics. 
He  afterwards  became  master 
of  the  quiz  class  in  obstetrics. 
Dr.  Castle's  connection  with 
the  Dispensary  of  the  Hahne- 
mann College  covers  a  period 
of  eight  years.  Dr.  Castle's 
charities  are  numerous.  The 
Southern  Homoeopathic  Dis- 
pensary, of  which  he  was  the 
head  and  front  for  a  period  of 
fourteen  years  is  a  monument 
to  his  fidelity  and  service  in 
advancing  the  cause  of  human- 
ity. Dr.  Castle  has  a  hobby. 
He  is  an  insatiable  collector  of 
Coleoptera  (beetles).  He  has 
the  largest  known  collection  of 
anyone  in  the  country.  His 
specimens,  arranged  and  classi- 
fied, amounting  to  one  hun- 
dred thousand,  cover  nineteen 
thousand  distinct  species,  hav- 
ing been  gathered  from  all 
parts  of  the  globe.  The  doctor 
is  a  member  of  the  Philadel- 
phia Homoeopathic  Society  ; 
the  Academy  of  Natural  Sci- 
ences and  other  organizations. 
His  wife,  who  died  in  1SS6,  was 
the  daughter  of  James  and 
Sarah  H.  Maull,  well  known 
property  owners  in  the  old 
district  of  Southwark. 


C.  H.  Brown,  M.  D. 


G.  MAXWELL  CHRISTINE, 
M.D. 


THOMAS  HARRISON  CARM1CHAEL,  M.D. 

Born  January  27,  1S5S,  in  Philadelphia.  He  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools,  and  was  graduated  with  the  degree  of  A.  B. 
from  the  Sixty-seventh  Class  of  the  Central  High  School.  He  sub- 
sequently pursued  special  studies  in  ancient  languages  with  the 
design  of  taking  a  theological  course,  but  was  dissuaded  from  doing 
so  on  account  of  throat  trouble.  Entering  mercantile  life  an  early 
taste  for  chemistry  and  medicine  led  him  to  select  the  drug  business, 
and  for  over  a  year  he  was  practically  in  charge  of  a  newly-estab- 
lished Homoeopathic  Pharmacy  in  the  northwestern  part  of  the  city. 
He  then  became  the  agent  of  Smith's  Homoeopathic  Pharmacy  of 
New  York,  a  position  which  he  held  for  several  years.  Having 
thus  an  intimate  knowledge  of  the  resources  of  the  New  School  he 
determined  to  enter  the  profession  and  matriculated  at  Hahnemann 
Medical  College  taking  the  three  vcars  graded  course  and  graduating 
in  1SS6. 

After  a  competitive  examination  in  New  York  City,  he  was 
appointed  an  interne  at  the  Ward's  Island  Hospital.  On  the  expi- 
ratiou  of  his  term  as  Home  Surgeon  in  that  institution  he  located 
on  Main  street  above  Fisher's  lane,  Germantown,  where  he  prac- 


Born  at  Olney,  Philadelphia,  August  2,  1S57.  His  earlier  edu- 
cation was  passed  in  the  public  schools  of  this  city,  graduat- 
ing from  the  Central  High  School,  after  which  he  took  a 
graded  course  at  Pierce's  Business  College.  This  preparatory  edu- 
cation thoroughly  equipped  him  for  the  medical  training  which  he 
commenced  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  the  spring  of 
1S77.  In  March,  1SS0,  he  graduated  from  the  University,  and  his 
thesis  was  one  of  the  most  noted  of  that  remarkable  class.  His 
subject,  "  Sub-Arachnoid  Spaces  of  the  Brain,  Optic  Nerves  and 
Spinal  Column  and  Spinal  Nerves,"  was  most  generously  treated. 
After  graduating  Dr.  Christine  was  connected  with  the  Eye  and 
Medical  Department  of  the  University  for  about  two  years.  Then 
he  received  the  appointment  of  demonstrator  of  pharmacy  at  the 
Medico-Chirurgical  College  for  a  period  of  one  year,  then  was  made 
adjunct  professor  of  materia  medica,  and  professor  in  the  Auxiliary 
Department  of  Philology  and  English  Composition,  which  position 
he  held  for  nearly  two  years.  Dr.  Christine  now  resigned  from 
these  important  positions,  because  at  this  time  he  was  gradually 
drifting  towards  homoeopathy.  Determining  to  adopt  homoeopath  v. 
Dr.  Christine,  although  grounded  in  the  tenets  of  the  "Old  School" 
faith,  with  a  courage  worthy  of  his  convictions,  entered  into  asso- 
ciation with  the  homoeopathic  profession,  and  subsequently  gradu- 
ated from  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College.      His  success  with  the 


269 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


"  New  School  "  of  medicine  was  as  remarkable  as  his  career  with 
the  ( )ld.  He  has  held  positions  at  St.  Christopher's  Dispensary  for 
Children,  was  for  some  time  physician  to  the  Homreopathic  Hos- 
pital, Twentieth  and  Susquehanna  avenue,  and  for  four  years  was 
visiting  physician  to  the  Methodist  Home  for  the  Aged.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  County  and  State  Homoeopathic  Societies ;  also  a 
member  of  the  American  Institute  of  Homreopathv.  His  writings 
have  been  numerous,  his  "  General  Remarks  on  Blood  Letting,'' 
"Shoulder  Presentations,"  "Sequels  of  Typhoid  Fever,"  and  his 
"  Medical  Profession  vs.  Criminal  Abortion,"  showing  a  remarkable 
facultv  for  analytical  research. 

Dr.  Christine  married  Amada  E.,  daughter  of  Joseph  Harrison, 
of  St.  Louis,  and  is  blessed  by  the  companionship  of  two  children 
I  boys  I.  His  father  is  the  celebrated  Frederick  F.  Christine,  professor 
of  political  economy  and  mental  science  at  the  Central  High 
School,  Philadelphia. 


tion  of  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College  and  numerous  other  socie- 
ties. His  office  is  located  at  No.  1521  Oxford  street,  in  the  centre 
of  a  refined  and  exclusive  neighborhood. 


JAMES  HARWOOD  CLOSSON.  M.D. 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia  November  27,  1862.  His  father,  an 
officer  in  the  United  States  Army,  was  killed  in  active  service  when 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  two  years  old.  His  early  education 
was  received  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city,  upon  the  com- 
pletion of  which  he  entered  a  private  academy  where  he  remained 
until  he  subsequently  became  a  student  of  medicine  under  the  pre- 
ceptorship  of  Doctor  Gecrge  H.  Waters.  In  1S83  Dr.  Closson  en- 
tered the  Hahnemann  Medical  College  of  Philadelphia,  and  after 
attending  the  three  year  graded  course  of  lectures  graduated  in  the 
spring  of  18S6.  The  same  year,  after  a  competitive  examination, 
he  was  elected  Resident  Physician  of  the  Children's  Homoeopathic 
Hospital  of  this  city,  and  the  year  following  was  honored  by  a  re- 
election by  the  Board  of  Directors,  but  resigned  in  order  that  he 
might  enter  into  partnership  with  the  late  Dr.  John  Malin.  of  Ger- 
mantown,  where  he  has  since  been  actively  engaged  in  practice. 

Dr.  Closson  is  an  active  member  of  a  number  of  medical  socie- 
ties and  clubs,  the  principal  of  which  are:  The  American  Institute 
of  Homoeopathy,  the  Pennsylvania  State  Homreopathic  Medical 
Society,  the  Philadelphia  County  Homoeopathic  Medical  Society, 
the  Germantown  Medical  Club.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Boanl 
of  Directors  and  the  Medical  Board  of  the  Children's  Homoeopathic 
Hospital  of  Philadelphia,  and  is  Dermatologist  to  the  same  institu- 
tion. His  contributions  to  medical  literature  consist  of  frequent 
articles  to  the  medical  journals  and  in  the  transactions  of  the  various 
societies. 


WILLIAM   H.  GARDINER.  M.D. 

Comes  of  a  long  ancestral  line  of  physicians.  His  great- 
grandfather, William  Gardiner,  M.  D.,  was  apprenticed  to  the 
Pennsylvania  Hospital  for  five  years,  which  in  those  clays  was  the 
mode  of  procedure  instead  of  being  entered  as  a  student  in  one  of 
the  numerous  colleges  which  flourish  now  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
The  William  Gardiner,  great-grandfather  of  the  present  subject  of 
this  sketch,  was  a  noted  physician  and  surgeon  of  his  dav.  The 
University  of  Pennsylvania  conferred  the  degree  of  M.  D.  upon  the 
grandfather.  Richard  Gardiner,  who  also  became  a  successful  general 
practitioner.  William  Ashton  Gardiner,  the  son  of  Richard,  and 
the  father  of  William  H.  Gardiner,  graduated  from  the  Jefferson 
Medical  College,  but  afterwards  became  converted  to  the  New- 
School  of  Medicine,  and  became  one  of  the  leading  professors  of 
the  Homreopathic  Medical  College  of  this  city,  occupying  the  Chair 
of  Anatomy  and  Surgery  for  a  period  of  six  years.  The  war  break- 
ing out.  Dr.  Gardiner's  father  resigned  his  position  at  the  college 
and  joined  the  Eighty-first  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  acting  as  surgeon 
for  two  years.  He  afterwards  received  the  appointment  of  Brigade 
Surgeon  which  he  was  compelled  to  resign  on  account  of  his  health. 
He  died  in  1S64. 

Dr.  William  H.  Gardiner  was  born  September  21.  1S52,  in  this 
city.  He  received  his  education  in  this  city  at  the  public  schools, 
graduating  from  the  High  School.  After  leaving  school  he  entered 
mercantile  life,  but  the  medical  strain  that  coursed  through  the 
blood  of  his  ancestors  made  itself  felt,  and  he  gave  up  business  to 
enter  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College.  He  received  his  diploma 
from  there  in  1879,  and  shortly  afterwards  was  elected  to  the  Chair 
of  Assistant  Demonstrator  of  Anatomy,  which  place  lie  filled  for  a 
period  of  three  years.  His  practice  increasing  to  such  an  extent, 
injustice  to  himself  he  was  compelled  to  resign  this  position  and 
devote  his  whole  attention  to  the  care  of  his  patients. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  County  Medical  Society ;  the  Homoeo- 
pathic Society  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania;  the  Alumni  Associa- 


GEORGE  W.  GARDINER,  M.D. 

Was  born  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  October  19,  1S51.  His 
parents,  Archibald  and  Charlotte  M.  Gardiner,  were  well  known  in 
this  city  and  Delaware  county.  He  received  his  education  from  the 
public  schools  of  this  city,  and  obeying  the  wishes  of  his  parents 
entered  the  law  office  of  E.  Cooper  Shapley.  Reading  law  for  some 
time  under  this  able  preceptor  he  gradually  decideil  upon  adopt- 
ing medicine  as  his  chosen  field.  From  the  moment  his  decision 
was  made  to  this  day  he  has  not  had  occasion  to  regret  it.  Matricu- 
lating at  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College  of  this  city  in  the  vear 
1873,  then  in  his  twenty-second  year,  young  Gardiner  determined 
to  thoroughly  master  the  law  of  Hahnemann.  With  this  end  in 
view  he  took  a  three-year  course,  which  then  was  not  obligatory, 
graduating  in  1876.  He  has  occupied  many  positions  of  promi- 
nence in  his  professional  career.  Dr.  Gardiner  was  for  two  vears 
in  charge  of  the  Ear  and  Throat  Department  of  the  Children's 
Homreopathic  Hospital  on  North  Broad  street,  and  was  for  one  vear 
a  member  of  the  Medical  Board  at  the  same  institution.  He  has 
also  occupied  the  position  of  Supreme  Medical  Examiner  of  the 
Order  of  Tonti,  his  jurisdiction  covering  four  hundred  lodges, 
embracing  twenty-five  thousand  members  He  is  also  a  prominent 
member  of  the  County  Homieopathic  Medical  Society  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. His  practice  is  a  general  one  but  is  gradually  drifting  into 
the  special  cure  of  the  diseases  of  the  ear  and  throat  anil  also 
diseases  of  women.  His  wife,  Marv  E.,  is  the  daughter  of  Richard 
Brooks,  of  Philadelphia.  He  has  a  son,  aged  eleven  years,  and  a 
daughter  aged  six  vears. 


SILAS  GRIFFITH,  M.D. 

The  family  of  Griffith  is  of  great  antiquity,  and  has  been  iden- 
tified with  the  history  of  Wales  during  a  period  of  several  hundred 
years.  The  old  homestead  of  the  Griffith  family  was  at  Penryth, 
in  Caernarvonshire.  They  afterward  moved  over  into  Cardigan- 
shire and  Pembrokeshire.  Howell  ap  Griffith,  of  whom  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch  is  a  descendant,  was  seated  at  Pembrokeshire  111 
1704,  from  which  place  his  son  Evan  and  wife  embarked  for  Amer- 
ica. The  vessel  was  captured  by  Spaniards,  and  they  were  carried 
to  Mexico.  After  being  ransomed  by  the  British  Government  they 
sailed  to  Charleston,  S.  C.  From  there  they  came  to  Pennsylvania, 
where  they  purchased  large  tracts  of  land.  There  are  numerous 
descendants  of  that  branch  of  the  family  in  the  interior  of  Penn- 
sylvania, Philadelphia  and  other  cities.  Several  of  them  are  phy- 
sicians, one  of  whom  was  the  late  Benjamin  Griffith,  M.  D.,  of  Bran- 
dvwine  Manor,  an  eminent  physician,  an  uncie  of  the  subject  of 
this  sketch. 

Silas  Griffith,  M.  D.,  was  born  in  Chester  county.  Pa.  His  par- 
ents were  Nathan  and  Marv  Griffith.  The  family  removing  to 
Philadelphia  in  1858,  his  studies  in  the  higher  English  branches 
were  continued.  Later  he  matriculated  in  the  Hahnemann  Medical 
College  of  Philadelphia,  and  graduated  from  that  institution  in 
1866.  Soon  afterward  he  entered  upon  the  practice  of  medicine  in 
Philadelphia,  where  he  has  acquired  a  large  and  lucrative  practice, 
his  clientage  including  many  of  the  first  families  of  the  city.  He 
is  one  of  the  visiting  physicians  of  the  Children's  Homoeopathic  Hos- 
pital, on  North  Broad  street,  also  of  the  Home  for  Deaconesses, 
Philadelphia ;  is  a  member  of  the  American  Institute  of  Homoeo- 
pathy,  the  State  Medical  Society  of  Pennsylvania,  and  the  Phila- 
delphia County  Medical  Society. 


IRVIN   B.   GILBERT.  M.D. 

Dr.  Gilbert,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  born  March  17, 
[S55,  in  Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  his  father,  William  Gilbert, 
being  a  well  known  citizen  and  farmer  of  that  section,  having  for 
many  vears  held  the  position  of  justice  of  the  peace.  His  early  educa- 
tion was  obtained  from  the  public  schools,  from  there  to  Hills 
School,  Pottstown,  Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  afterwards  going  to 
the  Preparatory  Department  of  Muhlenberg  College,  where  he  en- 
tered in  the  Freshmen's  Class.  After  leaving  college  he  taught  school 
for  a  few  vears,  until  in  1879  he  entered  the  Hahnemann  Medical 
College  of  Philadelphia,  where  he  commenced  the  study  of  homoeo- 
pathy.   Going  through  the  three  years'  graded  course.  Dr.  Gilbert 


270 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


received  his  diploma  and  was  immediately  appointed  one  of  the 
medical  staflfof  the  dispensary  attached  to  the  Hahnemann  Hospital, 
which  position  he  occupied  for  about  one  year.  His  practice  now 
is  a  general  family  practice,  covering  all  the  features  of  a  regular 
homoeopathic  physician.  The  doctor  married  Miss  Laura  C,  daugh- 
ter of  William  P".  Laird.  He  has  three  children.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  American  Institute  of  Homoeopathy  and  also  a  member  of 
the  Pennsylvania  State  Homeopathic  Society. 


ELMER  ELSWORTH  HANCOCK,  M.D. 

Among  the  self-made  men  who  have  attained  social  position 
and  recognition  of  medical  abilities  through  their  own  unaided 
efforts  may  be  mentioned  Dr.  E.  E.  Hancock,  who  was  born 
November3,  1862,  in  Burlington  county,  New  Jersey.  Until  his 
sixteenth  year  he  accepted  the  education  which  the  neighboring 
county  schools  could  afford  to  bestow.  After  receiving  his  educa- 
cation  from  this  source  it  was  decided  by  his  family  that  he  should 
follow  in  the  footsteps  of  his 
brother  who  had  then  begun 
to  make  a  reputation  as  a  suc- 
cessful Homoeopathic  physi- 
cian. With  this  end  in  view 
he  entered  the  preparatory 
schools  of  Princeton,  N.  J., 
to  obtain  a  finish  to  his  crude 
studies.  Thus  equipped  he 
came  to  this  city  and  entered 
the  Hahnemann  Medical  Col- 
lege and  after  a  three  years' 
graded  course  he  received  his 
diploma.  Joining  his  brother, 
Dr.  Joseph  Hancock,  he  im- 
mediately went  into  active 
practice.  He  continued  under 
the  guidance  and  tutelage  of  his 
brother  for  eighteen  mouths. 
Dr.  Elmer  F.lsvvorth  Hancock 
then  started  out  for  himself  and 
now  has  a  large  and  growing 
general  family  practice,  and 
success  is  stamped  on  his  fore- 
head. He  is  a  member  of  the 
Philadelphia  County  Homoeo- 
pathic Medical  Society  as  well 
as  other  organizations. 

Dr.  Hancock  married  in 
1S90  Miss  Kate  Melloy,  of  this 
city.  He  is  located  ou  North 
Seventeenth  street,  in  the  cen- 
tre of  a  refined  and  wealthy 
clientele. 


EDWIN  S.  HARRINGTON, 
M.D. 

Dr.  Harrington  was  born 
at  Dover,  Delaware,  September 
10,  1S55.  His  father,  David  Harrington,  was  a  prosperous  farmer 
of  those  parts,  and  gave  voung  Edwin  all  the  advantages  of  the 
schools  that  the  neighborhood  couid  offer.  He  was  kept  at  school 
until  his  nineteenth  rear,  when  entering  into  business  for  himself, 
he  prospered,  and  although  young  in  years,  was  considered  one  of 
the  rising  merchants  in  his  section.  Desiring  to  adopt  medicine  as 
his  profession,  he  matriculated  at  the  Hahnemann  College  of  this 
city  in  the  fall  of  1SS2,  graduating  from  that  college  in  March,  1SS5. 
Locating  on  South  Broad  street,  and  still  continuing  a  hard  student, 
Doctor  Harrington  has  gradually  increased  his  general  family 
practice  until  to-day  he  is  one  of  the  leading  physicians  in  the 
southern  section  of  the  city.  He  is  a  prominent  member  of  the 
County  Medical  Society,  and  also  a  member  of  the  American  Insti- 
tute of  Homoeopathy. 


lectures  on  Laryngology  and  Otology,  but  also  through  his  corres- 
pondence with  the  leading  homeopathic  papers  in  the  United 
States.  At  an  early  age  his  parents  sent  him  to  the  county  school 
near  Penn's  Manor,  made  famous  as  the  residence  of  William  Penn. 
At  the  age  of  fourteen  he  was  sent  to  Peirce's  Boarding  School, 
Bristol,  Pa.,  having  outgrown  the  limited  educational  resources  of 
the  county  school.  After  a  three  years'  course  he  was  sent  to 
Swarthmore  College  to  finish  his  education,  but  owing  to  ill  health, 
was  obliged  to  return  home.  In  1S74  he  began  reading  medicine 
under  the  excellent  tutelage  of  Dr.  G.  W.  Kirk,  of  Bristol,  Pa. 
Having  regained  his  health,  he  entered  the  Hahnemann  College  in 
1S76,  from  which  he  graduated  three  years  later.  His  studious 
habits,  remarkably  apt,  and  almost  marvelous  quickness  of  diagnos- 
ing, soon  attracted  the  attention  of  Professor  C.  M.  Thomas,  who 
called  him  to  his  assistance,  and  with  whom  he  was  associated  in 
private  and  hospital  work  for  some  eighteen  months.  In  April, 
1881,  Dr.  Ivins  still  craving  for  higher  knowledge  in  his  profession, 
made  a  visit  to  Europe,  where  he  spent  a  year  in  the  hospitals  of 
London  and  Vienna.  Returning  in  1882,  he  located  at  1305  Arch 
street,  shortly  afterwards  re- 
moving to  1319  Arch,  where 
he  divides  his  time  between 
lectures  at  his  Alma  Mater  and 
the  care  of  his  patients ;  by 
revising  and  edifying  his  new 
work  on  "  Diseases  of  the  Nose 
and  Throat"  [500  pp.]  which 
will  be  issued  in  the  fall  of 
this  year. 

Dr.  Ivins'  social  life  keeps 
pace  with  his  professional  one. 
Born  of  good  stock,  being  the 
son  of  Isaac  and  Sarah  Ann 
Ivins.  well-known  throughout 
Bucks  county.  He  married  in 
April.  188S.  Emma  V.  Melcher. 
the  daughter  of  William  H. 
Melcher.  president  and  general 
manager  of  the  Peerless  Brick 
Works.  His  sister  is  the  wife 
of  ex-United  States  Senator 
Conover,  of  Florida.  Another 
sister  married  Amos  B.  Headlv, 
one  of  the  representative  fam- 
ilies of  Bucks  county.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  American  In- 
stitute of  Homreopathv.  Was 
Secretary  for  three  years  at  the 
Homoeopathic  Society  of  the 
County  of  Philadelphia  ;  two 
years  Recording  Secretary  of 
the  State  Homoeopathic  Soci- 
ctv,  and  for  two  years  second 
Vice-President  of  the  Alumni 
Association  of  the  Hahnemann 
Medical  Socictv  of  this  city. 


Irvin    B.  Gilbert,  M.  D. 


HORACE  E.  JAMES,  M.D. 


HORACE  F.  IVINS,  M.D. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  a  shining  example  of  what  con- 
stant study,  energetic  pursuit  of  a  selected  specialty  and  a  sincere 
love  of  a  chosen  profession  will  accomplish.  He  was  born  in  Bucks 
county,  Pa.,  October  30,  1S56.  He  has  made  his  influence  felt 
among  a  wide  circle  of  admiring  friends,  not  only  in  his  admirable 


Is  a  native  of  the  Quaker  City,  having  been  born  in  the  neigh- 
borhood of  Eighth  and  Noble  streets,  Philadelphia,  on  May  24, 
1S56.  After  an  education  at  the  public  schools  of  this  city  he 
spent  some  years  travelling  through  Ohio,  Illinois,  Iowa,  Missouri, 
Kansas  and  Colorado,  but  like  a  faithful  son  he  returned  to  his  na- 
tive State  in  1879.  After  having  acquired  a  general  knowdedge  of  the 
world  through  his  travels  and  being  thoroughly  equipped  mentally 
and  phvsically  for  the  duties  of  a  medical  student,  he  decided  to 
enter  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College  of  this  city.  After  the  usual 
course  of  study  he  graduated  with  honors,  April  1,  1SS4.  He  im- 
mediately located  in  southern  Philadelphia,  and  has  been  an  active 
practitioner  for  the  past  seven  years  in  that  locality.  Doctor  James 
is  an  active  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  State  Homoeopathic  Med- 
ical Society,  as  well  as  the  County  Society  of  Philadelphia  and 
also  a  member  of  the  Hahnemann  Medical  Club. 

Aside  from  his  large  practice  Dr.  James  has  found  time  to  take 
an  active  interest  in  the  building  up  of  that  part  of  the  city  which 
he  has  made  his  home.  He  has  been  a  director  in  two  and  treas- 
urer of  one  building  and  loan  association,  and  is  a  member  of  a 
number  of  societies  and  lodges.  His  friendly  grip  is  well  known 
among  the  members  of  the  F.  &  A.  M.,  Empire  Lodge  and  Lafa- 
yette Encampment,  I.  O.  of  O.  F.,  United  Friends,  O.  of  S., 
I.  F.  A.,  F.  L.,  and  other  organizations.      His  activity  and  organ- 


271 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHlLADELPHTANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


izing  qualities  have  made  him  a  valuable  member  of  the  different 
societies  of  which  he  is  either  a  member  or  medical  examiner. 

He  married  Jennie  N.,  daughter  of  Donald  and  Mary  Xevin, 
and  has  two  charming  children,  one  a  girl  and  the  younger  a  boy. 


JOSEPH  HANCOCK,  M.  D. 

Was  born  March  9,  1851,  at  Hornerstown,  N.  J.  He  is  the  son 
of  William  Hancock,  a  farmer  in  moderate  circumstances.  Through 
his  indomitable  will  power  and  force  of  character,  Joseph  Han- 
cock without  doubt  may  be  called  a  self-made  man.  Receiving  his 
earlier  education  from  the  village  school  of  his  native  place,  during 
the  winter  session  only,  he  became,  after  three  years  of  hard  and 
industrious  labor,  a  teacher  in  that  same  school.  Saving  and  frugal 
he  hoarded  up  his  small  salary  until  sufficient  had  been  acquired  to 
send  him  for  an  advanced  course  to  the  Peddy  Institute,  Hightstown, 
N.  J.  After  leaving  here  he  entered  the  employ  of  John  Taylor, 
of  Trenton,  N.  J.  He  worked  not  for  pleasure  or  the  comfort 
money  would  give,  but  his 
young  mind  was  ever  desirous 
to  reach  the  goal  that  education 
alone  could  furnish.  From  his 
savings  he  succeeded  in  enter- 
ing the  Trenton  Business  Col- 
lege, where,  after  graduating, 
he  secured  the  position  of  in- 
structor, teaching  again  for 
three  years.  With  his  small 
remuneration  carefully  saved, 
he  came  to  this  city  and  en- 
tered the  Hahnemann  Medical 
College.  Graduating  in  1S78, 
he  became  a  partner  and  assist- 
ant to  Dr.  Malorious  Fedgely, 
the  latter  dying  in  1^79.  Dr. 
Hancock  starting  out  for  him- 
self Slum  acquired  a  large  and 
profitable  practice.  In  1SS2  he 
moved  to  his  present  office, 
Xo.  1639  Columbia  avenue. 

The  doctor's  practice  is  a 
general  one  with  special  lean- 
ing toward  the  treatment  of  the 
diseases  of  the  throat  and 
lungs.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  County  and  State  Homce- 
opathic  Societies  ;  the  Ameri- 
can institute  of  HomceopaLhy  ; 
the  Boenninghausen  and  other 
clubs.  Dr.  Hancock  married 
May  14,  1N79.  Miss  Alice,  the 
daughter  of  William  and  Eliz- 
abeth Wilkinson,  of  Hamilton 
Square,  N.  J.  He  has  two 
children,  Judson,  aged  nine, 
and  Bvrou,  a»ed  five. 


for  some  time,  one  of  the  heads  of  this  department,  as  well  as  oc- 
cupying the  position  of  Gynaecologist  at  the  Hospital.  Dr. 
Smedley  is  a  prominent  anil  influential  member  of  the  County  and 
State  Homifopalhic  Societies  ;  a  member  of  the  Hahnemann  Medi- 
cal Club  and  the  Philadelphia  Medical  Club.  Dr.  Smedlev  married 
Elizabeth  K.,  daughter  of  Edgar  Hallowed.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Societv  of  Friends. 


CHARLES  H.  SMITH,  M.  D. 


Among  the  large  number  of  homoeopathic  physicians  who  are 
known  to  the  public  at  large  owing  to  their  continuous  hard  but 
quiet  work  among  his  people  may  be  mentioned  as  one  of  the  most 
prominent  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  Doctor  Charles  H.  Smith. 

Born  in  Philadelphia  March  22,  1S55,  he  entered  early  in  life 
the  public  schools  of  this  city.  Graduating  from  the  Central  High 
School  in  1873,  in  the  sixty-second  class,  he  immediately  com- 
menced the  study  of  medicine  at  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College. 
Taking  the  three-years'  graded 
course  he  completed  his  stud- 
ies and  received  his  diploma 
in  the  Centennial  year.  Im- 
mediately jumping  into  har- 
ness he  soon  formed  about 
him  a  large  and  appreciative 
class  of  patients,  which  has 
naturally  increased  from  year 
to  year  until  to-day  he  stands 
well  up  toward  the  front  with 
a  clientele  that  a  much  older 
practitioner  may  well  envy. 
He  married  Miss  Fannie  Getz, 
daughter  of  Frank  W.  Getz,  a 
leading    manufacturer  of  this 


I.  G.  SMEDLEY,  M.D. 

Dr.  Smedley  was  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  February  10, 
1S55,  and  is  the  son  of  Thomas  G.  Smedley,  well  known  in  that 
section  of  the  county  as  a  respected  and  worthy  farmer.  His 
earlier  education  was  received  at  the  Friends'  High  School  at 
West  Chester,  Pa.,  from  which  he  was  transferred  to  the  Swartli- 
more  College.  He  received  the  degree  of  B.  S.  from  this  college  in 
1S76.  He  afterwards  took  a  summer  course  of  Astronomy  at  the 
Harvard  Observatory.  Deciding  upon  adopting  the  medical  pro- 
fession as  his  chosen  field  through  life,  he  entered  the  Hahnemann 
Medical  College  of  this  city  and  after  a  thorough  study  continuing 
through  a  period  of  three  years  he  graduated  with  much  honor  in 
1SS0.  He  was  then  appointed  resident  physician  to  the  College 
Hospital  which  position  he  held  for  one  year.  Wishing  to  con- 
tinue his  studies  under  more  favorable  conditions,  Dr.  Smedley 
visited  Loudon  and  was  appointed  Clinical  Assistant  in  Soho  Hos- 
pital, Loudon  ;  for  one  year  he  acquired  the  most  valuable  exper- 
ience in  that  world  famous  hospital.  Returning  to  this  country  in 
1SS3,  Dr.  Smedley  located  in  this  city  and  soon  built  up  a  large 
practice  in  his  specialty — diseases  of  women.  He  identified  him- 
self with  his  college  (The  Hahnemann)  and  was  appointed  on  the 
staff  of  the  Out-patient   Department.     He   is  now,  and  has  been 


DANIEL  KARSNER,  M.D. 

A  Virginian  by  birth,  but 
a  Pennsylvauian  by  adoption, 
was  born  June  20,  1S42,  son  of 
Dr.  Charles  W.  and  L.  M. 
Karsner.  He  was  educated  at 
and  graduated  from  the  High 
School  of  West  Chester.  Af- 
terwards entering  the  Jeffer- 
son Medical  College,  of  this 
city,  he  graduated  from  that 
institution  as  an  old  school 
physician.  Shortly  after  re- 
ceiving his  diploma  he  joined 
the  Fifth  Corps  Field  Hos- 
pital, and  was  in  commission 
until  the  army  disbanded. 
Returning  to  this  city  he 
begau  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession, and  for  seven  years 
devoted  his  whole  time  to  it. 
He  decided  upon  taking  up  homoeopathy  as  an  extra  course, 
and  the  further  he  delved  into  it  the  more  convinced  did  he 
become  that  it  was  the  true  practice  anil  theory  of  medicine 
founded  upon  the  law  of  cure.  Entering  the  Hahnemann  Med- 
ical College,  of  this  city,  after  a  thorough  course  of  study  he 
graduated  with  honors.  Shortly  after  graduating  he  ceased 
altogether  the  practice  of  allopathy,  and  became  a  decided  homce- 
opathist.  He  was  elected  a  member  of  the  staff  of  the  college, 
and  also  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  Advisory  Board  of 
the  Hahnemann  Hospital  and  College.  After  occupying  these 
positions  for  about  one  year  his  executive  qualities  gaiued  him  a 
position  on  the  Board  of  Trustees,  which  position  he  has  occupied 
for  five  years.  Dr.  Karsner  is  a  member  of  the  State  Homoeopathic 
Society  of  Pennsylvania,  and  also  a  member  of  the  American  Insti- 
tute of  Homoeopathy,  as  well  as  a  member  of  the  County  Society  of 
Philadelphia. 

He  married,  in  1S90,  Miss  Caroline  M.  Jeanes,  daughter 
of  Isaac  Jeanes,  of  Arch  street,  Philadelphia,  one  of  Philadel- 
phia's most  widely  known  merchants  and  philanthropists.  His 
practice  is  a  general  one,  and  is  considered  the  largest  private  prac- 
tice of  any  physician  in  Germantowu,  where  he  has  just  built  him- 
self one  of  the  finest  private  residences  in  that  section,  corner  of 
Tulpehocken  and  Green  streets. 


272 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


received  his  diploma  and  was  immediately  appointed  one  of  the 
medical  staff  of  the  dispensary  attached  to  the  Hahnemann  Hospital, 
which  position  he  occupied  for  about  one  year.  His  practice  now 
is  a  general  family  practice,  covering  all  the  features  of  a  regular 
homoeopathic  physician.  The  doctor  married  Miss  Laura  C,  daugh- 
ter of  William  P.  Laird.  He  has  three  children.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  American  Institute  of  Homoeopathy  and  also  a  member  of 
the  Pennsylvania  State  Homeopathic  Society. 


ELMER  ELSWORTH  HANCOCK,  M.D. 

Among  the  self-made  men  who  have  attained  social  position 
and  recognition  of  medical  abilities  through  their  own  unaided 
efforts  may  be  mentioned  Dr.  E.  E-  Hancock,  who  was  born 
November'3,  1862,  in  Burlington  county,  New  Jersey.  Until  his 
sixteenth  year  he  accepted  the  education  which  the  neighboring 
county  schools  could  afford  to  bestow.  After  receiving  his  educa- 
cation  from  this  source  it  was  decided  by  his  family  that  he  should 
follow  in  the  footsteps  of  his 
brother  who  had  then  begun 
to  make  a  reputation  as  a  suc- 
cessful Homoeopathic  physi- 
cian. With  this  end  in  view- 
he  entered  the  preparatory- 
schools  of  Princeton,  N.  J., 
to  obtain  a  finish  to  his  crude 
studies.  Thus  equipped  he 
came  to  this  city  and  entered 
the  Hahnemann  Medical  Col- 
lege and  after  a  three  years' 
graded  course  he  received  his 
diploma.  Joining  his  brother, 
Dr.  Joseph  Hancock,  he  im- 
mediately went  into  active 
practice.  He  continued  under 
the  guidance  and  tutelage  of  his 
brother  for  eighteen  mouths. 
Dr.  Elmer  Elsworth  Hancock 
then  started  out  for  himself  and 
now  has  a  large  and  growing 
general  family  practice,  and 
success  is  stamped  on  his  fore- 
head. He  is  a  member  of  the 
Philadelphia  County  Homoeo- 
pathic Medical  Society  as  well 
as  other  organizations. 

Dr.  Hancock  married  in 
1S90  Miss  Kate  Melloy,  of  this 
citv.  He  is  located  on  North 
Seventeenth  street,  in  the  cen- 
tre of  a  refined  and  wealthy 
clientele. 


EDWIN   S.  HARRINGTON, 
M.D. 

Dr.  Harrington  was  born 
at  Dover,  Delaware,  September 
10,  1S55.  His  father,  David  Harrington,  was  a  prosperous  farmer 
of  those  parts,  and  gave  young  Edwin  all  the  advantages  of  the 
schools  that  the  neighborhood  could  offer.  He  was  kept  at  school 
until  his  nineteenth  year,  when  entering  into  business  for  himself, 
he  prospered,  and  although  young  in  years,  was  considered  one  of 
the  rising  merchants  in  his  section.  Desiring  to  adopt  medicine  as 
his  profession,  he  matriculated  at  the  Hahnemann  College  of  this 
city  in  the  fall  of  1SS2,  graduating  from  that  college  in  March,  1SS5. 
Locating  on  South  Broad  street,  and  still  continuing  a  hard  student, 
Doctor  Harrington  has  gradually  increased  his  general  family 
practice  until  to-day  he  is  one  of  the  leading  physicians  in  the 
southern  section  of  the  city.  He  is  a  prominent  member  of  the 
County  Medical  Society,  and  also  a  member  of  the  American  Insti- 
tute of  Homoeopathy. 


lectures  on  Laryngology  and  Otology,  but  also  through  his  corres- 
pondence with  the  leading  homeopathic  papers  in  the  United 
States.  At  an  early  age  his  parents  sent  him  to  the  county  school 
near  Penn's  Manor,  made  famous  as  the  residence  of  William  Penn. 
At  the  age  of  fourteen  he  was  sent  to  Peirce's  Boarding  School, 
Bristol,  Pa.,  having  outgrown  the  limited  educational  resources  of 
the  county  school.  After  a  three  years'  course  he  was  sent  to 
Swarthmore  College  to  finish  his  education,  but  owing  to  ill  health, 
was  obliged  to  return  home.  In  1S74  he  began  reading  medicine 
under  the  excellent  tutelage  of  Dr.  G.  W.  Kirk,  of  Bristol,  Pa. 
Having  regained  his  health,  he  entered  the  Hahnemann  College  in 
1876,  from  which  he  graduated  three  years  later.  His  studious 
habits,  remarkably  apt,  and  almost  marvelous  quickness  of  diagnos- 
ing, soon  attracted  the  attention  of  Professor  C.  M.  Thomas,  who 
called  him  to  his  assistance,  and  with  whom  he  was  associated  in 
private  and  hospital  work  for  some  eighteen  months.  In  April, 
1SS1,  Dr.  Ivins  still  craving  for  higher  knowledge  in  his  profession, 
made  a  visit  to  Europe,  where  he  spent  a  year  in  the  hospitals  of 
London  and  Vienna.  Returning  in  18S2,  he  located  at  1305  Arch 
street,  shortly  afterwards  re- 
moving to  13 19  Arch,  where 
he  divides  his  time  between 
lectures  at  his  Alma  Mater  and 
the  care  of  his  patients ;  by 
revising  and  edifying  his  new 
work  on  "  Diseases  of  the  Nose 
and  Throat"  [500  pp.]  which 
will  be  issued  in  the  fall  of 
this  year. 

Dr.  Ivins'  social  life  keeps 
pace  with  his  professional  one. 
Born  of  good  stock,  being  the 
son  of  Isaac  and  Sarah  Ann 
Ivins,  well-known  throughout 
Bucks  county.  He  married  in 
April.  1SS8.  Emma  V.  Melcher, 
the  daughter  of  William  H. 
Melcher.  president  and  general 
manager  of  the  Peerless  Brick 
Works.  His  sister  is  the  wife 
of  ex-United  States  Senator 
Conover,  of  Florida.  Another 
sister  married  Amos  B.  Headly, 
one  of  the  representative  fam- 
ilies of  Bucks  county.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  American  In- 
stitute of  Homoeopaths-.  Was 
Secretary  for  three  years  at  the 
Homoeopathic  Society  of  the 
County  of  Philadelphia  ;  two 
years  Recording  Secretary  of 
the  State  Homoeopathic  Soci- 
ety, and  for  two  years  second 
Vice-President  of  the  Alumni 
Association  of  the  Hahnemann 
Medical  Societv  of  this  citv. 


HORACE  F.  IVINS,  M.D. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  a  shining  example  of  what  con- 
stant study,  energetic  pursuit  of  a  selected  specialty  and  a  sincere 
love  of  a  chosen  profession  will  accomplish.  He  was  born  in  Bucks 
county,  Pa.,  October  30,  1856.  He  has  made  his  influence  felt 
among  a  wide  circle  of  admiring  friends,  not  only  in  his  admirable 


HORACE  E.  JAMES,  M.D. 

Is  a  native  of  the  Quaker  City,  having  been  born  in  the  neigh- 
borhood of  Eighth  and  Noble  streets,  Philadelphia,  on  May  24, 
1S56.  After  an  education  at  the  public  schools  of  this  city  he 
spent  some  years  travelling  through  Ohio,  Illinois,  Iowa,  Missouri. 
Kansas  and  Colorado,  but  like  a  faithful  son  he  returned  to  his  na- 
tive State  in  1S79.  After  having  acquired  a  general  knowledge  of  the 
world  through  his  travels  and  being  thoroughly  equipped  mentally 
and  phvsically  for  the  duties  of  a  medical  student,  he  decided  to 
enter  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College  of  this  city.  After  the  usual 
course  of  study  he  graduated  with  honors,  April  1,  1884.  He  im- 
mediately located  in  southern  Philadelphia,  and  has  been  an  active 
practitioner  for  the  past  seven  years  in  that  locality.  Doctor  James 
is  an  active  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  State  Homoeopathic  Med- 
ical Society,  as  well  as  the  County  Society  of  Philadelphia  and 
also  a  member  of  the  Hahnemann  Medical  Club. 

Aside  from  his  large  practice  Dr.  James  has  found  time  to  take 
an  active  interest  in  the  building  up  of  that  part  of  the  city  which 
he  has  made  his  home.  He  has  been  a  director  in  two  and  treas- 
urer of  one  building  and  loan  association,  and  is  a  member  of  a 
number  of  societies  and  lodges.  His  friendly  grip  is  well  known 
among  the  members  of  the  F.  &  A.  M. ,  Empire  Lodge  and  Lafa- 
yette Encampment,  I.  O.  of  O.  F.,  United  Friends,  O.  of  S., 
I.  F.  A.,  F.  L.,  and  other  organizations.      His  activity  and  organ - 


271 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


izing  qualities  have  made  him  a  valuable  member  of  the  different 
societies  of  which  he  is  either  a  member  or  medical  examiner. 

He  married  Jennie  N.,  daughter  of  Donald  and   Mary  Nevin, 
and  has  two  charming  children,  one  a  girl  and  the  younger  a  boy. 


JOSEPH  HANCOCK,  M.D. 

Was  born  March  9,  1S51,  at  Hornerstown,  N.  J.  He  is  the  son 
of  William  Hancock,  a  farmer  in  moderate  circumstances.  Through 
his  indomitable  will  power  and  force  of  character,  Joseph  Han- 
cock without  doubt  may  be  called  a  self-made  man.  Receiving  his 
earlier  education  from  the  village  school  of  his  native  place,  during 
the  winter  session  only,  he  became,  after  three  years  of  hard  and 
industrious  labor,  a  teacher  in  that  same  school.  Saving  and  frugal 
he  hoarded  up  his  small  salary  until  sufficient  had  been  acquired  to 
send  him  for  an  advanced  course  to  the  Peddy  Institute,  Hightstown, 
N.  J.  After  leaving  here  he  entered  the  employ  of  John  Taylor, 
of  Trenton,  N.  J.  He  worked  not  for  pleasure  or  the  comfort 
money  would  give,  but  his 
young  mind  was  ever  desirous 
to  reach  the  goal  that  education 
alone  could  furnish.  From  his 
savings  he  succeeded  in  enter- 
ing the  Trenton  Business  Col- 
lege, where,  after  graduating, 
he  secured  the  position  of  in- 
structor, teaching  again  for 
three  vears.  With  his  small 
remuneration  carefully  saved, 
he  came  to  this  city  and  en- 
tered the  Hahnemann  Medical 
College.  Graduating  in  1S7S, 
he  became  a  partner  and  assist- 
ant to  Dr.  Malorious  Fedgely, 
the  latter  dying  in  1N79.  Dr. 
Hancock  starting  out  for  him- 
self soon  acquired  a  large  and 
profitable  practice.  In  1SS2  he 
moved  to  his  present  office, 
No.  1639  Columbia  avenue. 

The  doctor's  practice  is  a 
general  one  with  special  lean- 
ing toward  the  treatment  of  the 
diseases  of  the  throat  and 
lungs.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  County  and  State  Homoe- 
opathic Societies  ;  the  Ameri- 
can Institute  of  Homoeopathy  ; 
the  Boenninghausen  and  other 
clubs.  Dr.  Hancock  married 
May  14,  1S7Q,  Miss  Alice,  the 
daughter  of  William  and  Eliz- 
abeth Wilkinson,  of  Hamilton 
Square,  N.  J.  He  has  two 
children,  Judson,  aged  nine, 
aud  Bvron,  aged  five. 


for  some  time,  one  of  the  heads  of  this  department,  as  well  as  oc- 
cupying the  position  of  Gynecologist  at  the  Hospital.  Dr. 
Smedley  is  a  prominent  and  influential  member  of  the  County  and 
State  Homoeopathic  Societies  ;  a  member  of  the  Hahnemann  Medi- 
cal Club  and  the  Philadelphia  Medical  Club.  Dr.  Smedley  married 
Elizabeth  K.,  daughter  of  Edgar  Hallowed.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Society  of  Friends. 


Joseph   Hancock,  M.D. 


G.  SMEDLEY,  M.D. 


CHARLES  H.  SMITH,  M.D. 

Among  the  large  number  of  homoeopathic  physicians  who  are 
known  to  the  public  at  large  owing  to  their  continuous  hard  but 
quiet  work  among  his  people  may  be  mentioned  as  one  of  the  most 
prominent  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  Doctor  Charles  H.  Smith. 

Born  in  Philadelphia  March  22,  1S55,  he  entered  early  in  life 
the  public  schools  of  this  city.  Graduating  from  the  Central  High 
School  in  1873,  in  the  sixty-second  class,  he  immediately  com- 
menced the  study  of  medicine  at  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College. 
Taking  the  three-years' graded 
course  he  completed  his  stud- 
ies and  received  his  diploma 
in  the  Centennial  year.  Im- 
mediately jumping  into  har- 
ness he  soon  formed  about 
him  a  large  and  appreciative 
class  of  patients,  which  has 
naturally  increased  from  year 
to  vear  until  to-day  he  stands 
well  up  toward  the  front  with 
a  clientele  that  a  much  older 
practitioner  may  well  envy. 
He  married  Miss  Fannie  Getz. 
daughter  of  Frank  W.  Getz,  a 
leading  manufacturer  of  this 
city.  

DANIEL  KARSNER,  M.D. 


A  Virginian  by  birth,  but 
a  Pennsylvanian  by  adoption, 
was  born  June  20,  1S42,  son  of 
Dr.  Charles  W.  and  L.  M. 
Karsner.  He  was  educated  at 
and  graduated  from  the  High 
School  of  West  Chester.  Af- 
terwards entering  the  Jeffer- 
son Medical  College,  of  this 
city,  he  graduated  from  that 
institution  as  an  old  school 
physician.  Shortly  after  re- 
ceiving his  diploma  he  joined 
the  Fifth  Corps  Field  Hos- 
pital, and  was  in  commission 
until  the  army  disbanded. 
Returning  to  this  city  he 
began  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession, aud  for  seven  years 
devoted  his  whole  time  to  it. 
homceopathv   as   an  extra  course, 


Dr.  Smedlev  was  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  February  10, 
1S55,  and  is  the  son  of  Thomas  G.  Smedley,  well  known  in  that 
section  of  the  county  as  a  respected  aud  worthy  farmer.  His 
earlier  education  was  'received  at  the  Friends'  High  School  at 
West  Chester,  Pa.,  from  which  he  was  transferred  to  the  Swarth- 
morc  College.  He  received  the  degree  of  B.  S.  from  this  college  in 
1S76.  He  afterwards  took  a  summer  course  of  Astronomy  at  the 
Harvard  Observatory.  Deciding  upon  adopting  the  medical  pro- 
fession as  his  chosen  field  through  life,  he  entered  the  Hahnemann 
Medical  College  of  this  city  and  after  a  thorough  study  continuing 
through  a  period  of  three  years  he  graduated  with  much  honor  in 
1880.  He  was  then  appointed  resident  physician  to  the  College 
Hospital  which  position  he  held  for  one  year.  Wishing  to  con- 
tinue his  studies  under  more  favorable  conditions,  Dr.  Smedley 
visited  London  aud  was  appointed  Clinical  Assistant  in  Soho  Hos- 
pital, London  ;  for  one  year  he  acquired  the  most  valuable  exper- 
ience in  that  world  famous  hospital.  Returning  to  this  country  in 
18S3,  Dr.  Smedley  located  in  this  city  aud  soon  built  up  a  large 
practice  in  his  specialty — diseases  of  women.  He  identified  him- 
self with  his  college  (The  Hahnemann)  and  was  appointed  on  the 
staff  of  the   Out-patient   Department.     He   is  now,  and  has  been 


He   decided   upon    taking    up 

and  the  further  he  delved  into  it  the  more  convinced  did  he 
become  that  it  was  the  true  practice  and  theory  of  medicine 
founded  upon  the  law  of  cure.  Entering  the  Hahnemann  Med- 
ical College,  of  this  city,  after  a  thorough  course  of  study  he 
graduated  with  honors'.  Shortly  after  graduating  he  ceased 
altogether  the  practice  of  allopathy,  and  became  a  decided  homce- 
opathist.  He  was  elected  a  member  of  the  staff  of  the  college, 
and  also  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  Advisory  Board  of 
the  Hahnemann  Hospital  and  College.  After  occupying  these 
positions  for  about  one  year  his  executive  qualities  gained  him  a 
position  on  the  Board  of  Trustees,  which  position  he  has  occupied 
for  five  vears.  Dr.  Karsner  is  a  member  of  the  State  Homoeopathic 
Society  of  Pennsylvania,  aud  also  a  member  of  the  Americau  Insti- 
tute of  Homoeopathy,  as  well  as  a  member  of  the  County  Society  of 
Philadelphia. 

He  married,  in  1S90,  Miss  Caroline  M.  Jeanes.  daughter 
of  Isaac  Jeanes,  of  Arch  street,  Philadelphia,  one  of  Philadel- 
phia's most  widely  known  merchants  and  philanthropists.  His 
practice  is  a  general  one,  and  is  considered  the  largest  private  prac- 
tice of  any  physician  in  Germantown,  where  he  has  just  built  him- 
self one  of  the  finest  private  residences  in  that  section,  corner  of 
Tulpehocken  and  Green  streets. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHLANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


BUSHROD  W.  JAMES.   M.  D. 

Dr.  Bushrod  Washington  James,  the  eminent  physician  and 
oculist,  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  August  25,  1836.  His  ancestors 
for  four  generations  were  American.  His  paternal  great-great- 
grandfather emigrated  from  Wales  and  settled  in  Radnor  Township, 
Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  where  he  purchased  a  large  tract  of  land 
embracing  the  sites  of  the  present  attractive  suburban  settlements 
of  Brvn  Mawr  and  Rosemont. 

Dr.  James'  father,  the  late  Dr.  David  James,  M.  D.,  one  of  the 
pioneers  of  homoeopathy,  and  an  eminent  physician  of  that  school, 
was  a  great  admirer  of  Judge  Bushrod  Washington,  one  of  the  Asso- 
ciate Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  and  named 
his  eldest  son  after  that  distinguished  jurist.  Until  fourteen  years 
of  age  the  bov  received  his  education  from  private  teachers,  and 
then  entered  the  first  division  of  the  grammar  school,  where  he 
showed  such  proficiency  that  he  was  sent  at  the  end  of  the  first 
term  to  a  competitive  examination  for  entrance  to  the  Central  High 
School,  in  which  he  gained  admission,  and  passing  through  the 
classical  course  obtained  the 
degree  of  A.  M.,  which  in  those 
davs  was  considered  highly 
creditable. 

He  chose  the  profession  of 
medicine  for  his  life  work  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Homte- 
opathic  Medical  College  o  f 
Penusvlvania  in  March,  1S57, 
with  the  degrees  of  M.  D.  and 
H.  M.  D.  Even  as  a  boy  he  had 
learned  much  from  his  father 
whom  he  frequently  accom- 
panied upon  his  daily  drives 
among  his  patients,  and  was 
fond  of  pondering  over  and 
studying  medical  works  which 
he  obtained  in  his  father's 
library,  and  questions  which 
he  could  not  unravel  were  sub- 
mitted to  his  father  when- 
ever opportunity  offered.  His 
grandfather  was  also  a  physi- 
cian of  ripe  experience  and 
erudition  who  lived  almost  to 
his  ninety-seventh  birthday, 
and  the  youth  also  frequently 
went  to  his  aged  relative  for 
the  purpose  of  having  sonic 
matter  in  his  mind  cleared  up 
to  his  satisfaction.  The  heal- 
ing art  appears  to  have  had  an 
attraction  for  most  of  the  fam- 
ily, as  his  grandfather,  father, 
and  brother,  have  been  prac- 
ticing physicians,  and  all 
prominent  in  their  profession, 
while  two  paternal  uncles  and 
two  cousins  on  the  same  side 
of  the  family  were  druggists. 
One  of  his  father's  brothers,  the  late  Dr.  Thomas  P.  James,  of  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.,  was  eminent  as  a  botanist,  and  was  the  best  authoritv 
of  his  day  on  mosses,  of  which  he  had  the  largest  and  finest  collec- 
tion in  this  country.  From  them  he  made  with  his  own  hands,  and 
after  years  of  ardent  toil,  microscopic  drawings  of  these  and  others 
for  Professor  Asa  Gray's  Botany,  a  standard  work  on  that  subject. 

After  graduating,  Dr.  James  contemplated,  for  a  short  time, 
locating  at  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  but  decided  to  remain  in  Philadel- 
phia. He  opened  an  office  at  Nineteenth  and  Wallace  streets, 
where  he  soon  became  a  busy  practitioner,  and  he  has  remained 
within  a  square  or  so  of  that  location  ever  since,  and  has  built  up 
a  very  extensive  practice.  Shortly  after  graduating  he  was  elected 
Attending  Physician  of  the  Northern  Home  for  Friendless  Children, 
a  position  he  filled  for  seven  years,  aud  here  he  obtained  a  valuable 
experience  in  ophthalmic  practice,  having  treated  in  two  epidemics 
of  contagious  ophthalmia  over  500  cases  of  the  disease  without 
having  a  single  case  of  blindness  to  result.  He  has  attained  con- 
siderable reputation  as  an  oculist  aud  is  widely  known  as  a  writer 
on  various  medical  subjects.  He  attended  special  private  courses 
in  the  School  of  Anatomy  and  Surgery  under  Dr.  D.  Hayes  Agnew, 
a  very  popular  and  excellent  school  of  instruction  some  years  ago, 
aud  practiced  surgery  quite  extensively  in  the  earlier  days  of  his 
professional  life. 


Bushrod  W.  James.  M.D. 


Dr.  James  has  always  taken  a  lively  interest  and  active  part  in 
matters  pertaining  to  his  profession,  and  particularly  in  regard  to 
the  subject  ot  public  health.  In  1S67  he  visited  Paris  as  a  National 
Delegate  from  the  American  Institute  of  Homoeopathy  to  the  French 
Homoeopathic  Medical  Congress  held  there  in  August  of  that  year. 
In  July,  [88r.  he  attended  the  International  Homoeopathic  Conven- 
tion held  in  London,  and  the  World's  Medical  Congress  held  there 
in  August  of  the  same  year.  He  was  a  member  of  and  took  an 
active  part  in  the  proceedings  of  the  First  International  Homoeo- 
pathic Convention  which  was  held  in  Philadelphia  in  1876.  He 
prepared  and  read  papers  before  each  of  these  gatherings  of  his 
school  of  medicine.  He  improved  the  opportunity  offered  by  his 
trips  abroad  to  visit  all  parts  of  Europe,  including  Norway,  Sweden, 
Finland,  Russia.  Turkey,  Egypt  and  the  Holy  Land.  Besides  these 
travels  he  has  been  all  over  his  own  country  including  Alaska  as 
well  as  the  British  possessions,  and  has  written  much  and  entertain- 
ingly of  what  he  has  seen.  He  has  held  the  following  positions  of 
honor  and  credit :  President  of  the  American  Institute  of  Homoeo- 
pathy (National  Organization)  in  1883,  and  President  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania State  Medical  Society 
in  1873,  the  surgical  editor  and 
sanitary  science  editor  of  the 
later  "American  Observer,'' 
president  for  several  years  of 
the  American  Literary  Union 
ami  of  the  Hahnemann  Club 
of  Philadelphia,  is  President  of 
the  Children's  Homoeopathic 
Hospital  of  Philadelphia,  is  a 
trustee  and  consulting  physi- 
cian to  the  Hahnemann  Col- 
lege Hospital  of  Philadelphia, 
and  a  member  of  the  Advisory 
Board  of  that  college,  and  is 
one  of  the  Trustees  of  the 
Spring  Garden  Institute.  He 
fills  the  professor's  chair  of 
Physiology,  Sanitary  Science 
and  Climatology  in  the  New 
York  Medical  College  for  Wo- 
men of  the  State  University 
of  New  York.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Christian  Commis- 
sion iluring  the  war  of  the 
rebellion,  and  did  duty  as  a 
volunteer  surgeon  under  this 
commission  on  the  battle-fields 
of  Autietam  and  Gettysburg. 
Dr.  James  is  at  present  a 
member  of  the  following  na- 
tional societies :  The  Ameri- 
can Association  for  the  Ad- 
vancement of  Science,  the 
Seniors'  Association  of  the 
American  Institute  of  Homoe- 
opathy (composed  of  members 
of  over  twenty-five  years' 
standing),  the  American  Public 
Health  Association,  and  is  an 
honorary  member  of  several  medical  societies.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  Union  League,  the  Philadelphia  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences, 
the  Franklin  Institute,  the  Horticultural  Society,  the  Masonic 
Veterans,  Knights  Templar,  and  other  bodies  of  the  Fraternity, 
and  a  number  of  other  social  or  semi-public  associations. 

Dr.  James  has  contributed  very  considerably  to  medical  litera- 
ture, and  has  written  a  good  deal  of  descriptive  matter  for  the 
papers  concerning  his  travels.  He  is  the  author  of  a  work  contain- 
ing in  a  condensed  form  his  experience  and  knowledge  of  the 
various  climates  of  America,  entitled  "American  Resorts  and 
Climates."  He  has  delivered  a  number  of  notable  addresses  on 
interesting  medical  subjects  before  the  various  bodies  of  which  he 
has  been  a  member,  and  a  number  of  papers  prepared  by  him  have 
been  read  before  the  medical  congresses  that  have  been  held  during 
the  past  few  years.  He  frequently  delivers  lectures  for  charitable 
purposes  concerning  the  countries  he  has  visited,  and  has  volumi- 
nous notes  and  memoranda  of  his  travels  abroad  and  in  Alaska, 
which  he  contemplates  using  in  some  form  or  other  in  the  near 
future.  He  has  also  nearly  completed  a  volume  on  the  "Legends 
of  Alaska, ' '  a  work  of  interest  and  value. 

He  is  unmarried,  and  resides  at  the  N.  E-  cor.  Eighteenth  and 
Green  streets,  in  a  large  double  house  with  his  office  therein  and  a 
complete  eye  department  in  the  adjoining  double  building. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


GEORGE  I.  McLEOD,  M.D. 

There  is  no  more  popular  homoeopathic  physician  in  West 
Philadelphia  than  Dr.  George  I.  McLeod  of  No.  3907  Locust 
street,  and  there  are  few  doctors  in  this  city  that  have  a  more  lucra- 
tive practice.  Dr.  McLeod  was  born  in  this  city  in  1835,  his  parents 
at  that  time  being  among  the  few  advocates  of  homoeopathy. 
Young  McLeod  was  educated  in  the  private  school  of  Thomas  D. 
James,  at  Eleventh  and  Market  streets,  and  then  he  was  taken  by 
his  parents  to  Wetlsboro,  in  Tioga  county,  where  he  remained  un- 
til he  was  seventeen  years  of  age.  He  was  then  sent  to  the  Uni- 
versity of  Lewisburg,  now  known  as  Bucknell  University,  and  he 
graduated  from  that  college  in  1S55. 

Having  determined  to  adopt  the  medical  profession  the  young 
graduate  entered  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  aud  studied  medi- 
cine under  Dr.  Henry  H.  Smith.  He  went  through  his  course  and 
graduated  with  honors  in  1857.  He  was  then  appointed  as  an  at- 
tending physician  for  general  practice  at  Blockley  Almshouse, 
and  Hospital  and  served  there  until  the  latter  part  of  1S60.  Dr. 
McLeod  then  commenced  to 
practice  on  his  own  account, 
but  first  he  returned  to  the 
principles  of  his  father  and 
adopted  homoeopathy,  his  con- 
victions and  teaching  having 
all  tended  in  that  direction. 
He  settled  in  West  Philadel- 
phia and  in  thirty  years  he  has 
achieved  much  celebrity  and 
has  built  up  a  very  large  prac- 
tice. Dr.  McLeod  is  a  member 
of  the  consulting  staff  of  the 
Hahnemann  Hospital  and  he 
has  been  a  school  director  of 
the  Twenty-seventh  Ward  for 
twentv  years.  He  is  also  a 
member  of  the  State  Hoard  of 
Public  Charities  :  Chairman  of 
the  State  Committee  on  Lu- 
nacy, and  is  a  member  of  Ham- 
ilton Lodge  No.  274  of  the  Free 
and  Accepted  Masons. 


DUNCAN  MACFARLAN, 
M.D. 


The  name  Macfarlan  is 
closely  allied  to  homoeopathy 
in  this  city.  The  two  broth- 
ers, Malcom  and  Duncan  Mac- 
farlan, have  attained  promi- 
nence not  only  among  the 
laitv,  but  also  among  their  pro- 
fessional brethren.  Dr.  Duncan 
Macfarlan,  the  younger  of  the 
two  brothers,  is  the  subject 
of  this  sketch.     Born  in  New 


J.  ROBERT  MANSFIELD,  M.D. 

Was  born  in  this  city  March  27,  1855.  H>s  father,  Isaac  Mans- 
field, being  a  native  of  Leicestershire,  England.  He  received  his 
preparatory  education  in  the  public  schools  of  this  city,  graduating 
in  the  second  senior  class  of  the  High  School  as  number  one.  He 
afterwards  received  private  instructions  with  a  special  course  of  in- 
struction under  Professor  Schulhoff.  Choosing  medicine  as  his 
future  field,  young  Mansfield  selected  the  Hahnemann  Medical 
College  of  this  city  as  his  Alma  Mater.  Graduating  from  there 
March  10,  1S79,  in  the  first  graduating  class,  taking  second  prize 
in  an  exceptionally  large  class,  he  at  once  began  the  practice  of 
medicine.  Coming  to  Germantown  he  formed  a  partnership  with 
Dr.  John  Malin  with  whom  he  remained  for  three  vears.  This 
partnership,  dissolved  through  the  death  of  Dr.  Malin,  Dr.  Mansfield 
continued  by  himself  since  then.  With  that  liberalitv  so  notable 
among  homceopathists,  Dr.  Mansfield  gathered  about  him  from 
time  to  time  younger  men  to  whom  he  imparted  his  knowledge, 
and,  he  is  proud  to  know  that  five  students  imbibed  from  him  the 
principles  of  homceopathv  and 
either  have  graduated,  or  are 
about  to  do  so  from  his  college. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Ameri- 
can Institute  of  Homoeopathy. 
A  member  of  the  Pennsylvania 
State  Society,  and  also  a  mem- 
ber of  the  County  Homoeo- 
pathic Society.  He  and  Dr. 
Van  Baun,  with  others  of  their 
class,  organized  the  celebrated 
Alumni  Association  which  has 
made  such  an  impression  upon 
the  history  of  homoeopathv. 
The  Doctor's  practice  is  a 
general  mic  with  a  special 
tendency  toward  the  diseases 
of  women  and  children.  He 
has  written  a  few  papers  which 
have  attracted  attention,  the 
principal  of  which  was  one  on 
' '  Puerperal  Fever. ' '  The  Doc- 
tor built  himself  a  handsome 
house  in  1SS0,  which  he  at 
present  occupies  as  his  office, 
on  the  Main  street  of  German- 
town. 


J.  Robert  Mansfield,  M.D. 


York,  November  6,  1S52,  and  receiving  part  of  his  medical  training 
in  that  city,  he  divides  his  allegiance  between  his  native  city  and 
the  city  of  his  adoption.  His  father,  Duncan  Macfarland,  was  the 
oldest  silk  manufacturer  in  America,  and  was  prominent  in  the 
business  world  of  the  Metropolis.  Young  Duncan  was  entered  in 
the  New  York  College,  but  owing  to  ill  health  was  forced  to  leave 
it  in  his  Sophomore  year.  After  leaving  college  he  commenced  the 
study  of  medicine  with  his  brother,  and  graduated  from  the  Hahne- 
mann Medical  College  of  this  city.  After  graduating  he  was  ap- 
pointed House  Surgeon  at  the  New  York  Homoeopathic  Hospital  at 
Ward's  Island.  After  serving  here  for  one  year  he  matriculated  at  the 
Bellevue  College  of  New  York.  This  was  in  1S76.  For  about  oue 
vear  he  was  a  private  student  of  Dr.  Knapp,  one  of  the  most  cele- 
brated eve  and  ear  surgeons  in  the  country.  Coining  to  Philadel- 
phia in  1S77  he  began  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  West  Phila- 
delphia where  he  has  remained. 

He  is  President  of  the  Boenninghausen  Medical  Club  of  this  city, 
and  Chairman  of  the  Bureau  of  Materia  Medica  of  the  County 
Medical  Society.  Dr.  Macfarlan  is  also  an  active  member  of  the  State 
Homoeopathic  Society  and  American  Institute  of  Homoeopathy. 
He  has  occupied  the  position  of  Yisiting  Surgeon  to  the  Women's 
Hospital  of  this  city.  He  married  Miss  Katie  P.  Sloanc,  daughter 
of  Douglas  Sloaue,  the  large  carpet  manufacturer  of  New  York. 


BIDDLE  R.  MARSDEN, 
M.D. 

Was  born  in  this  city  on 
February  15,  1S64.  His  parents 
were  John  and  Hannah  Mars- 
den.  He  received  his  prepara- 
torv  schooling  from  the  public 
schools  of  Philadelphia,  after- 
wards being  placed  by  his 
parents  under  a  private  tutor,  owing  to  his  poor  health  at  that 
time. 

In  the  fall  of  1SS1  he  entered  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College. 
where  he  remained  for  one  vear,  afterwards  taking  the  three-years' 
graded  course  at  the  same  college.  After  graduating  Dr.  Marsdeu  was 
appointed  Assistant  to  the  Surgical  Clinic,  which  position  he  held 
for  a  period  of  two  vears.  He  was  then  appointed  on  the  out-pa- 
tient surgical  staff  of  the  Hahnemann  Hospital.  The  Doctor  entered 
private  practice  by  assisting  Henry  Noah  Martin,  M.  D..  his  precep- 
tor, until  in  November,  1SS5,  he  commenced  for  himself.  Settling 
in  the  northwestern  district  of  Philadelphia  he  worked  hard 
and  faithfully  for  about  eighteen  months,  when  he  was  obliged  to 
withdraw,  owing  to  his  health  breaking  down.  This  led  linn  to 
move  to  Chestnut  Hill,  where,  after  recovering  his  health,  he  again 
began  practicing  and  soon  acquired  a  large  aud  profitable  clientele 
in  his  adopted  place,  Chestnut  Hill.  Dr.  Marsdeu  is  a  member 
of  the  County  and  State  Homoeopathic  Medical  Societies,  also  a 
member  of  the  American  Institute  of  Homoeopathy  and  the  Ger- 
mantown Medical  Club,  of  which  organization  he  was  Secretary 
and  Treasurer. 

He  has  written  some  important  papers,  principally  upon  throat 
work,  to  the  different  medical  journals. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


C.  NEIDHARD,  M.D. 

The  Nestor  of  the  new  school  of  medicine,  was  born  at  Bremen, 
Germany,  April  19,  1S09. 

Dr.  Neidhard  began  his  earlier  education  in  this  country  as  the 
private  pupil  of  Dr.  Isaac  Hunter,  of  Reading,  Pa.,  under  whose 
tuition  he  remained  for  two  years.  He  then  attended  the  lectures 
of  the  Medical  Department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  for 
over  three  vears.  Being  attacked  by  a  serious  illness  he  sought  relief 
from — at  that  time — the  new  doctrine  of  homoeopathy  and  was 
cured.  From  henceforth  he  devoted  himself  for  several  years  to  its 
studv  and  graduated  at  the  first  Homoeopathic  College,  at  Allentown, 
Pa.,  in  1837.  He  afterwards  made  several  visits  to  Leipsic  and 
Vienna,  and  finally  graduated  at  the  University  of  Jena  as  Doctor 
of  Medicine,  Surgery  and  Obstetrics.  He  also  received  the  honor- 
ary degree  from  the  Chicago  Hospital  College  and  became  a  mem- 
ber of  the  American  Institute  of  Homceopathy  in  1S44.  Soon 
after  the  establishment  of  a  homoeopathic  college  in  this  city  Dr. 
Neidhard  was  elected  to  the  Professorship  of  Clinical  Medicine, 
which  he  occupied  for  three 
years.  He  commenced  the 
practice  of  medicine  at  Phila- 
delphia in  1837,  and  has  prac- 
ticed here  ever  since,  now  over 
fifty  years,  with  the  exception 
of  liis  several  visits  to  Europe. 

Dr.  Neidhard  is  no  less 
famous  as  an  author  than  as  a 
practitioner.  His  many  med- 
ical works  would  fill  a  large 
library,  and  his  contributions 
to  the  literature  of  homoeo- 
pathy are  many  and  volumin- 
ous. Among  his  most  noted 
works  may  be  mentioned  the 
following  by  their  titles  : 

1.  Homoeopathic  Medicine, 
illustrating  its  superiority  over 
the  other  medical  doctrines, 
with  an  account  of  the  regi- 
men, to  be  followed  during  the 
treatment  of  diseases,  by  M. 
Croseric,  M.  D.,  President  of 
the  Honneopathic  Society  of 
Paris,  France  ;  translated  from 
the  French  into  English,  with 
notes  containing  the  opinions 
of  Biera  Broussais,  etc.,  on 
Homoeopathv.  bv  C.  Neidhard, 
M.  D.  ;  Philadelphia,  1S37. 

2.  Answer  to  the  Homoeo- 
pathic Delusions  of  Dr.  Oliver 
Wendell  Holmes.  1S42. 

3.  Homoeopathy  in  Ger- 
many and  England,  1849,  with 
a  glance  at  allopathic  men  and 
things,  being  two  prelimiuary 
discourses  delivered  at  the 
Homoeopathic  College  of  Pennsylvania;   Boston,  1S50. 

4.  Universality  of  the  Honneopathic  Law  of  Cure,  a  public  lec- 
ture delivered  on  the  invitation  of  the  Providence,  Rhode  Island, 
Homoeopathic  Society,  1S51  ;  second  edition,  1S74. 

5.  Crotalus  Horridus,  its  analogy  to  yellow  fever,  also  malig- 
nant, bilious  and  remittent  fevers,  demonstrated  by  the  action  of 
the  venom  on  men  and  animals,  1S60.  A  Spanish  translation  of 
this  work  has  appeared  in  Barcelona,  Spain. 

6.  Diphtheria  as  it  prevailed  in  the  United  States  from  1S60  to 
to  1S66,  preceded  by  a  historical  account  of  its  phenomena,  its 
nature  and  homoeopathic  treatmeut,  1S67. 

7.  Contributions  to  Professors  Hill  and  Hunt's  Homoeopathic 
Practice  of  Surgery,  and  also  to  Dr.  John's  Manual  of  Homoeopathic 
Materia  Medica. 

S.  Quite  lately,  in  iSSS,  he  has  also  published  a  pathogenetic 
and  clinical  repertory  of  the  diseases  of  the  head  with  their  con- 
comitants. 

Of  his  contributions  to  the  medical  periodicals,  which  are  very 
numerous,  the  following  are  the  most  important: 

Homoeopathic  Publications  by  their  Opponents;  Homoeopathic 
Treatment  of  Intermittent  Fever  ;  Remarks  on  the  Homoeopathic 
Treatment  of  Chronic  Diseases ;  Cases  from  Practice.  To  the 
Hoiincopatlnc  Examiner,  New  York  :  Criticism  of  Dr.  Dunglison's 


Introductory  Lecture ;  Defense  of  Homoeopathv  Against  the  At- 
tacks of  Dr.  Houston,  of  Jefferson  College.  To  the  North  Ameri- 
ca)! Journal  of  Homceopathy ,  New  York :  On  Allopathy  and  Homoe- 
opathy ;  on  Diphtheria  ;  Homcreopathic  Creeds  ;  Whooping  Cough, 
Medical  Education,  Mephitis  Putorius,  Ovarian  Tumors,  on  Prov- 
ing of  Remedies.  To  the  British  Journal  of  Homoeopathy,  London  : 
The  Promotion  of  Homoeopathy;  Review  of  the  Present  State  of 
Medical  Science  and  Homoeopathy.  To  the  American  fournal  of 
Homoeopathy,  Materia  Medica:  A  lengthv  essay  on  the  Patholo- 
gical Movement  in  Connection  with  Homoeopathy.  To  Shipman's 
Chicago  Medical  and  Surgical  fournal :  Three  very  extended 
essays  on  the  pathogenises  of  Oleum  Jecoris  Asclli,  with  the  details 
of  1 13  cures  by  this  remedy.  To  the  Halmemannian  Monthly,  of 
Philadelphia  :  Provings  of  Autimonium  Sulphuratum,  and  Dis- 
eases of  Ovaries.  Dr.  Neidhard  has  also  made  extensive  provings 
of  the  following  remedies  on  himself  and  students  : 

Arsenicum  album,  baryta,  calcarea  phosphorica,  cannabis  in- 
dica,  cimicifuga  racemosa,  cinnabaris.  Extensive  provings  con- 
jointly with  a  number  of  students  of  his  class  during  his  professor- 
ship: Crotalus  horridus,  formic 
acid,  fluroric  acid,  kali  bichro- 
micum,  mephitis  putorius, 
mercur  proto  sulphide,  oxalic 
acid,  podophyllum  peltatum, 
rhus  toxidendron,  sanguinaria 
canadensis,  tarantula  and  Phy- 
tolacca decandra. 


C.  Neidhard,  M.  D. 


CHARLES  G.  RAUE,  M.D. 

Was  born  on  the  nth  day 
of  May,  1820,  in  Nieder-Cun- 
nersdorf  near  Loebau  in  Sax- 
ony, studied  in  the  College  of 
Teachers  in  Bautzen,  taught 
school  for  several  years  in 
Burkau  and  wrote  his  first 
work:  "Die  Neue  Seelen 
Lehre  Benckcs "  (1847,  5th 
edition  1S76),  which  has  been 
translated  into  Flemish,  Eng- 
lish and  French. 

In  the  year  1848  he  made 
Philadelphia  his  home,  studied 
under  Dr.  Constantine  Hering, 
graduated  in  the  Philadelphia 
College  of  Medicine,  and  prac- 
ticed homoeopathy  for  several 
years  in  Trenton,  N.J.  From 
Trenton  he  moved  back  again 
to  Philadelphia  in  1S5S,  and 
was  elected  to  the  Professorship 
of  Special  Pathology  and  Ther- 
apeutics in  the  Honneopathic  Medical  College  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1864.  Besides  various  articles  for  German  and  English  homoeopa- 
thic journals,  he  published  in  1S67  his  work  on  "Special  Pathology 
and  Diagnostics  with  Therapeutic  Hints,"  which  has  been  for  more 
than  twenty  years  a  text-book  in  all  American  Homoeopathic  Col- 
leges. 

From  the  year  1S70  to  1S75  he  edited  "The  Yearly  Record  of 
Homoeopathic  Literature,"  a  library  containing  extracts  and  notices 
of  the  most  important  matters  from  all  the  leading  journals  of 
homoeopathy  of  all  countries. 

In  consequence  of  the  split  which  took  place  in  the  manage- 
ment of  the  Homoeopathic  Medical  College  of  Pennsylvania  (1S6S), 
Drs.  Hering  and  Raue  procured  a  charter  for  a  new  homoeopathic 
college,  the  Hahnemann  College,  into  which  two  years  later  the  old 
Homoeopathic  College  of  Pennsylvania  was  merged. 

Since  the  vear  1SS0  Dr.  Raue  has  re- written  his  work  on  "  Spe- 
cial Pathologv  and  Diagnostics  with  Homoeopathic  Hints"  twice, 
and  both  times  greatly  enlarged.  In  the  year  1SS9  he  finally  finished 
his  work  on  "Psychology  as  a  Natural  Science  Applied  to  the 
Solution  of  Occult  Psychic  Phenomena,"  which  was  the  outcome 
of  a  life-long  study  of  Psychology.  He  has  been  practicing  medi- 
cine all  this  time,  and  is  consulting  physician  to  several  homoeopa- 
thic hospitals. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


WILLIAM  H.  KEIM,  M.  D. 

Was  born  at  Merion  Square,  Montgomery  countv,  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1843.  He  is  the  son  of  Samuel  and  Mary  Keim,  and  comes 
of  good  stock,  being  connected  with  the  Pennsylvania  Keims  who 
have  left  an  imprint  on  the  history  and  commerce  of  this  citv  and 
State.  His  earlier  education  was  obtained  in  the  public  schools  of 
the  First  District  of  Pennsylvania.  After  taking  a  course  of  lec- 
tures at  the  Philadelphia  School  of  Anatomy  in  1S6S,  he  entered 
the  Hahnemann  Medical  College  of  Philadelphia,  from  which  he 
graduated  in  1S71  ;  subsequently  taking  a  course  of  lectures  at  the 
Jefferson  Medical  College,  and  also  at  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. 

In  1871  he  was  appointed  on  the  dispensary  staff  of  the  Hah- 
nemann College,  and  for  several  years  had  charge  of  the  out  prac- 
tice of  the  first  medical  district,  comprising  the  territory  south  of 
Spruce  street  between  the  Delaware  and  Schuylkill  rivers  ;  during 
two  years  of  this  time  he  was  Assistant  Demonstrator  of  Anatomy 
in  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College.  Having  been  elected  Demon- 
strator of  Surgery,  he  occu- 
pied this  chair  for  twelve 
vears,  resigning  in  1SS9,  to 
devote  his  time  to  a  large  and 
increasing  private  practice. 

His  lectures  on  Minor  Sur- 
gery were  a  feature  of  his 
career  at  the  Hahnemann. 

Dr.  Keim  supplemented 
his  medical  education  by  a 
careful  study  of  the  methods  in 
use  in  the  hospitals  of  London 
and  Munich,  making  two  trips 
abroad  for  that  purpose.  An 
incident  in  the  life  of  Dr.  Keim 
is  worthy  of  note  here.  In 
January,  1SS0,  while  perform- 
ing an  operation  with  Dr. 
Thomas  at  the  Hahnemann 
College,  he  accidentally  re- 
ceived a  puncture  of  the  right 
thumb,  resulting  in  Pyaemia 
or  Mood  poisoning;  his  was 
one  of  the  few  recoveries  from 
this  dread  disease  ;  during  this 
illness  his  hair  and  heard 
turned  gray  in  consequence  of 
the  intense  suffering.  The 
newspapers  of  the  day  men- 
tioned it  as  a  wonderful  cure. 

Dr.  Keim  is  President  of 
the  Philadelphia  County  Ho- 
moeopathic Medical  Society, 
member  of  the  Pennsylvania 
State  Homoeopathic  Medical 
Society  ;  member  of  the  Amer- 
ican Institute  of  Homoeopathy, 
and  a  member  of  the  Execu- 
tive Committee  of  the  Alumni 
Association,  Hahnemann  Med- 
ical College.  His  specialty  is  diseases  of  women  and  children, 
and  he  is  conceded  to  be  one  of  the  hardest  workers  and  most 
successful  practiouers  in  his  chosen  field. 


his  brightness  and  remarkably  analytical  and  perspicuous  mind.  If 
he  had  remained  in  the  profession  of  medicine  he  would  certainly 
have  been  soon  in  the  front  ranks.  Adopting  electricity  as  his 
chosen  field  of  labor  young  Carl  now  devotes  his  whole  time  to  that 
pursuit.  Dr.  Reed  having  lost  his  consort  by  death  in  1SS7,  mar- 
ried September  it,  1S89,  .Miss  Annie  E.,  daughter  of  L.  J.  Cox  of 
this  city.  The  Doctor's  practice  is  a  general  one  and  has  been  ex- 
ceptionally prosperous,  his  clientele  being  from  the  best  families 
of  Philadelphia. 


William   H. 


WILLIAM  A.  REED,  M.  D. 

Is  a  native  Philadelphiau.  He  was  born  in  the  old  citv  proper 
June  25,  1827,  and  is  the  oldest  son  of  Jacob  Reed  who  was  the 
founder  of  the  well  known  firm  of  Jacob  Reed's  Sons,  Merchants. 
He  received  his  collegiate  honors  at  the  Madison  University  and 
the  University  at  Lewisburg.  After  graduating  in  medicine  in 
1S52  he  commenced  practice  in  the  neighborhood  of  Fourth  and 
Pine  streets  this  city. 

He  has  been  in  continuous  practice  since  then.  After  graduat- 
ing from  the  old  Honueopathic  Medical  College  he  was  appointed 
Demonstrator  of  Anatomy  which  position  he  filled  for  two  years, 
succeeding  to  the  chair  of  Physiology.  His  position  as  professor 
attracted  towards  him  large  classes  which  he  ably  and  successfully 
managed  for  a  period  of  six  years.  In  1849  Doctor  Reed  married 
Mary  Dorset,  daughter  of  the  Reverend  Thomas  Browne,  who  bore 
him  seven  children.  His  youngest  son,  Carl  H.  Reed,  following  in 
the  footsteps  of  his  father,  became   a  physician  and  was  noted  for 


JOSEPH  MORGAN  REEVES.  M.  D. 

Was  born  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  September  18,  1S54,  and 
is  now  thirty-seven  years  old.  His  father,  George  F.  Reeves,  was  a 
prominent  importer  of  chemicals,  also  a  Philadelphiau  ;  and  his 
mother  is  of  English  Devonshire  birth.  He  received  the  benefits 
of  a  public  school  education  in  the  schools  of  this  citv  and  when 
entering  manhood  was  matriculated  at  the  Hahnemann  Medical 
College.  He  graduated  from 
that  institution  in  1N77.  Whilst 
studying  medicine  he  was  con- 
nected as  assistant  with  the 
well  known  physician,  Dr. 
Rufus  Sargent,  and  upon  his 
graduation  was  honored  with 
the  sharing  of  the  burden 
which  was  then  hearing  heav- 
ily upon  the  shoulders  of  that 
good  old  man.  He  remained 
with  Dr.  Sargent  for  about  five 
years  at  the  end  of  which  time 
he  took  entire  charge  of  his 
immense  practice.  During  this 
time  he  was  also  connected 
with  his  Alma  Mater  for  about 
two  years  as  Assistant  Demon- 
strator of  Anatomy. 

Dr.  Reeves  has  always 
taken  an  active  interest  in  the 
charities  connected  with  his 
college,  helping  at  all  times 
by  his  voice  and  purse.  For 
six  or  seven  years  he  iias  been 
a  member  of  the  visiting  staff 
of  the  Hahnemann  Hospital, 
and  lor  three  years  last  past 
has  been  occupying  the  same 
position  at  the  Children's  Hos- 
pital on  North  Broad  street. 
He  is  at  present  the  President 
of  the  Medical  Board  of  the 
latter  institution  as  well  as  a 
member  .if  the  Board  of  Direc- 
tors. He  is  a  prominent  mem- 
ber and  takes  an  active  interest 
in  the  American  Institute  of 
Keim,  M.  D.  Honneopathy  :  the  State  Medi- 

cal Society  of  Pennsylvania ; 
the  County  Homeopathic  Medical  Society  and  the  Alumni  Associ- 
ation of  the  Hahnemann  College.  He  has  been  too  busy  a  prac- 
titioner to  devote  much  time  to  social  clubs  and  in  fact  is  a  member 
of  but  one,  the  Union  League. 

Dr.  Reeves  married  November  4,  1.SS0,  Miss  Josephine  Lewrv, 
and  has  two  children,  a  son  aged  nine  years  and  a  daughter  aged 
three.  In  summer  he  lives  at  Spring  Lake  and  the  balance  of  the 
year  at  his  residence  in  this  city.  In  religion  Dr.  Reeves  is  a 
staunch  Lutheran,  being  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Officers  of  St. 
Mark's  Lutheran  Church. 


HARRIET  JUDL)  SARTAIN,  M.  D. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  the  pioneer  in  breaking  down 
the  barriers  of  prejudice  which  existed  in  admitting  women  to  the 
medical  profession.  She  was  born  in  Connecticut  in  iSjo.  Her 
earlier  education  was  received  in  the  schools  of  that  State.  In  [S43 
her  family  removed  to  Michigan,  where  she  finished  her  seminary 
education.  Dr.  Sartaiu,  or,  as  she  was  then  known.  Miss  Harriet 
Judd,  studied  medicine  in  Philadelphia  and  Cincinnati,  graduating 
from  the  latter  city  in  1S54.  She  began  the  practice  of  medicine  in 
Waterbury,  Conn.,  her  native  State,  in  the  same  year,  and  attracted 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA^. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


much  congratulatory  attention  from  the  local  papers  for  her  ad- 
vanced position.  About  this  time  she  married  Mr.  Samuel  Sartain, 
the  eldest  son  of  John  Sartain,  the  famous  engraver,  and  removed 
with  him  to  Philadelphia,  where  she  at  once  acquired  a  front  rank 
in  the  medical  field. 

For  the  last  thirty  years  Dr.  Sartain  has  made  a  specialty  of 
the  diseases  of  women,  using  the  Homoeopathic  Materia  Medica 
from  the  start.  She  was  the  first  woman  member  of  the  Homreo- 
pathic  County  Medical  Society,  being  unanimously  elected  by  that 
body  in  1870,  and  thus  by  her  perseverance  and  success  paved  the 
way  for  the  reception  of  other  female  members.  In  the  following 
year  she  was  elected  to  the  State  Homreopathic  Society,  and  in  June 
of  the  same  year  became  a  member  of  the  American  Institute  of 
Homceopathv.  Her  election  to  this  honorable  bodv,  with  her  two 
female  companions,  one  ot  whom  was  her  student,  closed  the  nota- 
ble contest  over  the  admission  of  women  to  that  society. 

Harriet  Judd  Sartain,  aside  from  the  time  devoted  to  her  exten- 
sive practice,  which  is  notably  the  largest  private  practice  of  any 
female  practitioner  in  this  city,  has  found  time  to  prepare  and  read 
extensive  papers  relating  to  her  specialty  before  the  various  socie- 
ties of  which  she  is  a  member.  She  is  also  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  Women's  Homreopathic  Medical  Club  of  this  city,  and  has  been 
its  presiding  officer  since  its  organization. 


GEORGE  W.  SMITH,  M.  D. 

Was  born  in  Haverford,  Pa.,  April  20,  1S43,  n's  family  being  a 
representative  one  in  Delaware  county.  His  father  was  the  Hon- 
orable Barton  Smith,  Associate  Judge  of  that  county.  Dr.  Smith 
received  his  earlier  education  in  the  public  schools,  and  soon 
evinced  a  faculty  of  imparting  knowledge  to  others.  His  early 
manhood  days  were  passed  in  teaching  which  he  began  at  the 
age  of  nineteen  and  continued  for  a  period  of  twelve  years,  during 
which  time  he  filled  a  number  of  verv  responsible  positions.  He 
was  for  three  vears  the  Principal  of  the  Swcdcsborough  Academy  of 
New  Jersey,  Principal  of  the  Friends'  High  School  at  Woodstown 
for  the  same  period,  and  for  four  years  head  of  the  Oxford  High 
School,  the  latter  a  flourishing  institution  numbering  over  four 
hundred  scholars.  Dr.  Smith,  desiring  to  adopt  medicine  as  a  pro- 
fession, entered  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College  of  this  city,  and 
after  a  thorough  course  ofstudv,  which  his  trained  mind  naturally 
and  easily  acquired,  he  graduated  with  honors  in  1.S76.  He  was 
immediately  appointed  on  his  graduation  to  the  dispensary  staff  of 
the  hospital.  This  position  he  held  for  a  period  of  two  years,  being 
compelled  to  relinquish  it  by  his  rapidly  increasing  private  prac- 
tice. Doctor  Smith  also  devoted  a  portion  of  his  time  to  the  Chil- 
dren's HouKcopathic  Hospital,  being  connected  with  the  visiting 
staff  of  physicians  for  about  two  years.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
State  and  County  Homoeopathic  Societies  of  Pennsylvania,  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Boenuinghauseii  Medical  Club,  of  which  latter  club  he 
has  occupied  the  position  of  Secretary  and  Treasurer  for  a  number 
of  years.  His  writings  arc  numerous.  He  has  contributed  many 
important  papers  to  the  different  societies  of  which  he  is  a  member. 
Dr.  Smith  married,  in  1.S68,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Susan  Fair- 
lamb,  a  family  occupying  an  eminent  position  in  the  social  sphere 
of  Delaware  county,  connected  as  they  are  with  the  best  Friends' 
families  of  that  county,  such  as  the  Sharpless,  the  Larkins,  the 
Broomall,  and  others.  He  is  the  father  of  three  children,  one  girl 
and  two  boys,  the  eldest,  a  son,  dying  in  infancy. 


JESSE  W.  THATCHER.  M.D. 

Dr.  Jesse  W.  Thatcher  was  born  in  Delaware  county,  Pa.,  May 
iS,  1850,  and  like  so  many  other  representative  physicians  he  is  a 
son  of  a  farmer.  His  father,  Isaac  Thatcher,  was  a  producer  of  the 
products  of  the  soil  for  many  years  prior  to  his  death.  Dr.  Thatcher 
received  a  good  common  school  education  and  graduated  with 
honors  from  the  West  Chester  High  School.  He  entered  the 
Hahnemann  Medical  College  of  this  city  in  1S6S  and  after  a  three 
years'  graded  course  he  graduated  therefrom  in  1S71.  After  graduat- 
ing he  located  at  Ouakertown,  Pa.,  and  was  the  pioneer  hoiiioeo- 
pathic  physician  of  that  place.  After  many  trials  and  hardships  in 
overcoming  the  prejudice  which  then  existed  towards  homoeopathy 
he  gradually  acquired  an  enormous  practice,  and  was  soon  con- 
sidered the  most  successful  physician  in  that  section.  Desiring  to 
enter  a  larger  field  for  the  display  of  his  talents,  Dr.  Thatcher 
came  to  this  city  and  locating  in  West  Philadelphia  he  began  anew 
a  battle  of  success.  To-day  he  stands  abreast  of  the  most  success- 
ful physicians  in  either  school  of  medicine  in  his  section  of  the 
city.     He  has  occupied  the  position  of  Physician  to  the  Home  for 


Aged  and  Infirm  Colored  People  ;  also  to  the  Presbyterian  Home 
for  Widows  and  Indigent  Women  :  and  is  also  on  the  Obstetrical 
Staff  of  the  Women's  Homreopathic  Hospital.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  Philadelphia  County  Medical  Society,  the  State  Homreopathic 
Society,  and  the  I.  H.  A.  Society.  Dr.' Thatcher  married  in  1875, 
Elizabeth,  the  daughter  of  Paxou  Blaklv,  of  Ouakertown,  Pa. 


GEORGE  WILLIS  TITMAN,  M.D. 


Doctor  George  Willis  Titman  was  born  in  Warren  county,  N. 
J.,  on  the  20th  day  of  June,  1863.  His  parents,  Marshall  and  Mary 
Titman,  desiring  him  to  adopt  medicine  as  his  profession,  sent  hitii 
for  his  preparatory  education  to  the  Academy  at  Belvidere,  N.  J. 
He  afterwards  entered  Blair  Hall,  from  which  he  graduated.  This 
completing  his  classical  education  he  was  prepared  then  to  receive 
his  medical  training.  Entering  Hahnemann  Medical  College,  of 
this  city,  he  took  the  three-years'  graded  course,  at  the  completion 
of  which  he  was  appointed  as  assistant  to  Dr.  John  E.  James,  then 
Surgeon  at  the  Children's  Homoeopathic  Hospital  of  Philadelphia. 
Coming  to  Mount  Airy  in  the  fall  of  1SS3  Dr.  Titman  began  the 
practice  of  homceopathv  with  marked  success  both  professiouallv 
and  otherwise.  He  married  a  Miss  Stephens,  daughter  of  S.  E*. 
Stephens,  Esq.,  of  Hagerstown,  N.  J.,  by  whom  he  has  had  one 
child.  Dr.  Titman  was  fortunate  enough  to  have  as  his  preceptor 
Dr.  Daniel  Gardner,  one  of  the  first  graduates  of  Hahnemann  Col- 
lege, and  a  large  portion  of  his  success  he  attributes  to  Dr.  Gard- 
ner's early  training. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  State  Homreopathic  So- 
ciety, as  well  as  other  societies  connected  with  his  profession. 


WILLIAM  VV.  VAN  BAUN,  M.D. 

Son  of  Harriet  F.  and  the  late  St.  John  D.  Van  Baun, 
was  born  in  Philadelphia,  August  20.  1858.  He  received  his 
earlier  education  at  llie  Philadelphia  High  School,  that  noble  insti- 
tution which  lias  given  to  us  so  many  famous  men.  He  entered 
the  Hahnemann  Medical  College  in  1877,  graduating  March  10. 
18S0.  taking  the  full  three  years'  course.  In  this  vear  he  became 
the  resident  physician  of  the  Hahnemann  Hospital.  He  has  been 
in  continual  practice  in  this  city  since  then,  making  rapid  strides 
towards  the  front  rank  in  his  specially  chosen  field,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  a  few  short  months  spent  in  practice  at  Yieksburg,  Miss. , 
and  when  in  lSS7and  1891  he  visited  Europe  to  take  special  courses 
in  the  hospitals  of  Vienna  and  Paris,  confining  his  researches  to 
his  chosen  specialties,  the  diseases  of  the  heart,  throat  and  lungs. 
Aside  from  his  lectures  on  the  heart  and  its  diseases  at  the  Hahne- 
mann Medical  College  of  this  city.  Dr.  Van  Baun  is  probablv 
more  widely  known  through  his  connection,  as  editor-in-chief 
of  the  Hahnemannian,  a  monthly  journal  of  the  new  school  of 
medicine  which  is  read  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  being  published 
at  Philadelphia,  London,  Paris,  and  Vienna. 

Associated  with  him  in  this  widely  circulated  and  influential 
journal  are   Doctors  Clarence  Bartlett  and  Win,  B.  Van  Lenncp. 

He  is  one  of  the  attending  physicians  of  the  Hahnemann  Hos- 
pital; a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Medical  Club;  Secretarvof  the 
Homoeopathic  Medical  Societyof  the  County  of  Philadelphia  ;  mem- 
ber of  the  Germantown  Medical  Club;  the  Homoeopathic  Medical 
Societyof  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  ;  the  American  Institute  of 
Homoeopathy  ;  the  present  Secretary  and  organizer  of  the  Alumni 
Association  of  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College,  which  is  one  of  the 
largest  if  not  the  largest  Alumni  Association  in  the  L'nited  States, 
having  a  membership  of  seven  hundred  and  fifty. 

As  an  organizer  Dr.  Van  Baun  stands  pre-eminent.  As  monu- 
ments to  his  untiring  work  and  devotion  stand  to-day  "  The  Al- 
umni Association,"  the  Couuty  Medical  Society,  "  and  the  "  Hah- 
nemannian," the  success  of  each  showing  the  value  of  his  master 
mind.  In  addition  he  finds  time  to  attend  faithfully  to  an  exten- 
sive office  and  visiting  practice. 


W.  B.  VAN  LENNEP.  M.D. 

Was  born  December  5,  1853,  at  Constantinople,  Turkey.  He 
came  to  this  country  at  the  age  of  fifteen  years.  His  father,  the  Rev- 
erend H.J.  Van  Lennep,  was  for  thirty  years  a  well  known  mission- 
ary to  that  country  and  the  author  of  many  standard  works  on  the 
Orient.  Young  Van  Lenncp  was  prepared  for  college  at  the  Sedg- 
wick Institute,  at  Great  Barrington,  Mass.,  where  he  remained  for 
three  years.  He  entered  Princeton  College  in  1S72,  graduating 
from  there  four  years  later  with  the  degree  of  A.  B.,  subsequently 
receiving  that  of  A.  M.     His  mind  being  ripe   for  medical  educa- 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


tion,  and  chosing  homoeopathy  as  his  life  work,  he  entered  with  full 
vim  and  vigor  the  study  of  that  school  of  medicine.  So  great  was 
his  success  that  in  1S80  he  was  awarded  with  the  highest  honors  the 
gold  medal,  on  his  graduating  from  the  Hahnemann  Medical  Col- 
lege of  this  city,  securing  the  highest  average  I  roo)  obtainable. 
After  graduating  he  was  appointed  on  the  resident  staff  at  Ward's 
Island,  New  York  City  Hospital,  New  York  City,  where  he  re- 
mained for  six  months.  Coming  back  to  Philadelphia  he  took 
charge  of  the  private  practice  of  several  of  his  professional  friends, 
covering  a  period  of  eighteen  months,  during  their  absence.  In 
1882,  craving  for  a  more  general  knowledge  of  his  chosen  specialty, 
surgery,  he  took  a  trip  to  Europe,  where  for  two  vears  he  studied 
surgery  and  pathology  in  the  hospitals  of  London,  Paris  and 
Vienna. 

Returning  to  this  country  in  March,  1884,  Dr.  Van  Lennep 
began  a  career  which  was  at  once  the  wonder  and  admiration 
of  his  social  and  professional  friends.  He  accepted  the  posi- 
tion of  Chief  of  the  Surgical  Dispensary  attached  to  the  Hahne- 
mann Hospital ;  was  appointed  Lecturer  on  Pathology  at  the 
Hahnemann  College,  which  he  still  holds;  Surgeon  at  the  Hahne- 
mann Hospital  of  this  city,  and  Lecturer  on  Surgery  to  the  Hahne- 
mann Medical  College  ;  acted  as  Surgeon  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Homoeopathic  Hospital  for  Children  until  its  close,  then  Surgeon  for 
several  years  to  the  Children 's  Homoeopathic  Hospital,  now  on  North 
Broad  street  ;  Consulting  Surgeon  to  the  Camden  Homoeopathic 
Hospital  ;  Consulting  Surgeon  to  the  Trenton  Homoeopathic  Hos- 
pital. Besides  the  arduous  duties  above  enumerated  Dr.  Van  Lennep 
threw  all  the  strength  of  his  character  into  The  Hahiiemannian 
Monthly.  With  the  assistance  of  Dr.  Bartlett  and  the  wonderful 
organizing  ability  of  Dr.  William  W.  Van  Baun  it  soon  became  the 
most  influential  and  widely  read  of  any  serial  publication  devoted  to 
homoeopathy.  Dr.  Van  Lennep  has  been  a  prolific  writer,  and  has 
contributed  valuable  papers  on  such  subjects  as  abdominal  and  in- 
testinal surgery,  surgery  of  the  bladder,  uretha,  bones  and  joints. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  various  medical  societies,  in  all  of  which  he 
has  acted  either  in  the  capacity  of  chairman  or  member  of  the  sur- 
gical and  pathological  bureaus.  His  social  life  has  kept  pace  with 
his  professional  mie.  He  married,  in  April.  1S86,  Miss  Clara  R., 
the  estimable  daughter  of  Mr.  Thomas  Hart,  of  this  citv.  and  has  a 
daughter,  aged  four  vears.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Union  League, 
the  Art  Club,  Bachelors'  Barge  Club,  A.  C.  S.  N.  ;  Academy  ■>( 
Natural  Sciences,  the  Franklin  Institute;  member  of  the  Alumni 
Associations  of  Princeton  and  Hahnemann  Colleges,  the  Sigma  Chi 
Greek  College  fraternity,  and  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Order, 
Lodge  No.  51. 


CARL  V.  V1SCHER.  M.  D. 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia  in  the  year  1S65.  He  received  both 
a  public  and  private  school  education  and  finally  entered  the  Hah- 
nemann Medical  College  of  Philadelphia  in  1883.  While  in  the 
college  he  was  under  the  private  tutorship  of  Dr.  Win.  B.  Van 
Lennep  and  finished  his  studies  in  1887  graduating  with  high  hon- 
ors. He  was  then  appointed  resident  physician  to  the  Children's 
Homoeopathic  Hospital,  which  he  occupied  for  a  period  of  one  year. 
The  following  two  years  he  spent  abroad,  principally  in  Heidelberg 
and  Vienna,  where  he  paid  special  attention  to  the  study  of  general 
surgery  and  pathology.  On  his  return  to  this  country  he  accepted 
the  position  of  private  assistant  to  Dr.  Van  Lennep.  his  former 
tutor,  with  whom  he  remained  for  a  twelve  month,  after  which  he 
devoted  his  attention  exclusively  to  the  practice  of  his  specialty. 

The  Doctor  at  the  present  time  holds  the  position  of  clinical 
assistant  to  the  Hahnemann  Hospital,  of  which  he  is  also  the  patho- 
logist and  head  of  the  surgical  department  of  the  Dispensary.  In 
addition  to  these  various  labors,  for  the  past  two  years  lie  has 
delivered  the  lectures  on  Bacteriology  at  the  above  named  college 
and  during;  the  past  winter  session  held  the  surgical   subclinics. 

Dr.  Vischer  is  also  the  author  of  various  important  papers 
bearing  upon  leading  subjects  of  vital  interest  to  the  medical 
profession.  In  1SS7  he  published  an  article  on  Necrosis  of  the 
Cranial  bones  and  subsequently  articles  on  blennhoca,  urethra;, 
epicystotomy,  pathology  and  diagnosis  of  the  diseases  of  the  pros- 
tate, and  other  papers.  He  also  published  a  special  article  entitled 
a  history  of  the  germ  origin  of  disease  which  attracted  universal 
attention  among  the  medical  profession. 

The  Doctor  is  a  member  of  the  County  Homoeopathic  Society, 
of  which  he  is  a  censor,  also  of  the  State  Homoeopathic  Society  ; 
the  American  Institute  of  Homoeopathy;  the  Philadelphia  Homoe- 
opathic Medical  Club  ;  the  Germantown  Homoeopathic  Medical 
Club;  the  Art  Club  of  Philadelphia;  and  the  Anglo-American 
Society  of  Vienna. 


MAHLON  M.  WALKER,  M.D. 

Of  Germantown,  Philadelphia,  was  born  in  Buckingham  town- 
ship, Bucks  county,  Pa.,  in  1845.  His  parents  and  ancestors  from 
the  time  of  William  Penn,  were  members  of  the  Society  of  Friends. 
He  was  educated  at  the  Friends'  Central  High  School  of  Philadel- 
phia. At  the  age  of  nineteen  he  was  Principal  of  the  Morrisville. 
Pa.,  Grammar  School.  Leaving  that  position  to  take  up  the  study  of 
medicine,  under  the  charge  of  Dr.  Thomas  Moore,  of  Germantown, 
he  finished  his  studies,  graduating  No.  2  in  his  class  from  the 
Homoeopathic  Medical  College  of  Pennsylvania  mow  the  Hahne- 
mann) March  2,  1867.  Immediately  upon  graduating  he  located  in 
Germantown,  where  he  has  ever  since  resided,  enjoying  a  large 
general  practice.  In  i86S-'6q,  in  company  with  Prof.'  B.F.  Betts, 
M.  D.,  of  the  Hahnemann  College,  he  went  abroad,  spent  a  vear  or 
more  in  the  General  Hospital  of  Vienna  and  visited  the  medical 
schools  of  Berlin,  Bologna.  Paris  and  London. 

In  1869  he  opened  and  successfully  conducted  for  three  vears 
the  Homoeopathic  Dispensary  of  Germantown.  In  1S73  u^  was 
elected  Treasurer  of  the  Germantown  Scientific  Society.  October 
22,  1874,  he  married  Miss  Mary  E.  Taylor,  of  Germantown. 

In  1876  he  was  appointed  Lecturer  on  the  Diseases  of  the 
Throat  and  Ear  in  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College.  In  1S79  he 
was  elected  First  Vice-President  of  the  Homoeopathic  Medical 
Society  of  Pennsylvania,  after  having  served  as  Recording  Secre- 
tary for  the  previous  five  years.  In  1SS3  he  was  Chairman  of  the 
Bureau  of  Obstetrics  of  the  American  Institute  of  Homoeopathy,  in 
session  at  Niagara  Falls.  In  1S84  he  was  elected  President  of  the 
<Tcrmantown  Homoeopathic  Society,  of  which  he  was  one  of  the 
founders  in  1S79  !  in  '888  he  was  elected  Vice-President  of  the 
Germantown  Horticultural  Society;  in  1890  he  was  President  of 
the  Children's  Homoeopathic  Hospital  of  Philadelphia,  for  five 
years  he  had  charge  of  the  Ear  and  Throat  Clinics  and  is  now  one  of 
the  consulting  physicians.  In  1S91  the  Doctor  was  elected  Presi- 
dent of  the  Hahnemann  Club,  of  Philadelphia,  of  which  he  was 
one  of  the  original   members  more  than  eighteen  vears  ago. 

Among  his  contributions  to  medical  literature  are:  "A  De- 
scription of  the  Vienna  Obstetrical  School,"  "My  First  Three  Hun- 
dred Cases  of  Midwifery,"  a  pamphlet  on  "Teratology,  or  the 
Science  of  Monsters,"  and  an  article  on  "  Fifty  Consecutive  Cases 
of  Typhoid  Fever."  In  addition  to  his  active  professional  work 
the  Doctor  has  for  the  past  ten  years  been  President  of  the  Mutual 
Building  and  Loan  Association  of  Germantown,  and  recently  of 
the  Enterprise  Homestead  Company,  whereby  many  men  of  mod- 
erate means  have  and  will  secure  comfortable  homes.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  and  also  of  the  His- 
torical Society  of  Pennsylvania. 


THOMAS  C  WILLIAMS,  M.  D. 

The  quartet  of  homoeopathic  physicians  who  represent  the  old 
school  or  masters,  comprising  Drs.  Kitchen.  Neidhard  and  Raue, 
is  made  complete  by  the  addition  of  the  name  of  Dr.  Thomas  C. 
Williams,  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  All  born  within  a  few  years 
of  each  other  they  are  now  rounding  out  a  century  of  work  for  the 
good  of  their  fellow-man.  Dr.  Williams  was  born  in  Baugor,  Me., 
March,.  1814,  now  in  his  seventy-seventh  year,  but  still  in  active 
practice.  His  father,  Thomas  Williams,  was  a  minister  of  the  gos- 
pel. Thomas  C.  Williams  received  his  education  in  Maine  and 
Massachusetts,  principally  at  the  Brunswick  College  in  the  latter 
State.  After  graduating  he  spent  eight  years  in  Massachusetts 
teaching.  Coming  to  Philadelphia  in  1850  on  a  lecturing  tour  for  a 
Bible  Society  with  which  he  was  connected  as  an  agent,  he  decided 
to  make  this  his  home.  He  entered  the  Jefferson  Medical  College 
of  this  city.  After  graduating  he  was  appointed  demonstrator  of 
pharmacy.  During  the  years  1853  and  1S54,  Dr.  Williams,  whilst  oc- 
cupying the  chair  of  pharmacy  at  the  Jefferson,  was  making  a  close 
study  of  homoeopathy.  His  investigation  determined  him  to  drop 
allopathy  and  take  up  with  the  new  school.  Through  his  help 
and  assistance  the  first  Homoeopathic  College  in  Philadelphia  was 
organized,  and  from  that  day  until  the  present  time  he  has  never 
wavered  in  his  fealty.  He  is  a  prominent  member  of  all  the 
ilittcrent  homoeopathic  societies  although  his  years  prevent  him 
taking  the  active  interest  in  them  that  he  at  one  time  did.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  American  Institute  of  Homoeopathy  and  the  State 
and  County  Societies.  Dr.  Williams  is  a  frequent  contributor  to 
the  medical  journals,  his  papers  particularly  on  typhoid  fever,  small- 
pox and  nervous  fevers  attracting  much  attention.  He  married 
the  daughter  of  Alderman  Geyer,  of  this  city,  and  with  their 
daughter  live  happily  at  No.  567  North  Fifth  street,  Philadelphia. 


27S 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


JAMES  TYLER  KENT,  M.D. 

Was  born  in  Steuben  county,  New  York,  March  31,  1S44.  His 
early  life  was  an  uneventful  one,  having  been  born  and  raised  on  a 
farm.  The  limited  education  that  the  neighboring  county  schools 
afforded  gave  no  inkling  to  the  busy  and  studious  life  that  after- 
wards fell  to  his  lot.  In  his  29th  year  he  went  West  where  in  St. 
Louis  he  began  a  career  that  is  marked  by  one  uninterrupted  series 
of  successes.  In  1S7S  he  was  appointed  teacher  of  anatomy  in  the 
American  Medical  College  of  St.  Louis  ;  this  position  he  occupied 
for  two  years.  In  1880  he  was  appointed  teacher  of  surgery  in  the 
Homoeopathic  Medical  College  of  St.  Louis.  He  remained  in  this 
position  until  18S3  when  he  was  transferred  to  the  Chair  of  Materia 
Medica  in  the  same  college.  In  1SS8  he  came  to  this  city  and  has 
been  with  us  ever  since.  During  his  career  as  a  teacher  in  the  West 
he  gathered  about  him  a  large  number  of  student  graduates  who, 
desirous  of  continuing  their  studies  under  his  fostering  care,  fol- 
lowed him  to  this  city.  This  circumstance  forced  him  to  form  a 
Post-Graduate  School  of  Homoeopathy.  Gathering  about  him  a 
few  prominent  citizens  of  this  city  they  procured  a  charter  and  in 
1SS1  opened  the  First  Post-Graduate  School  of  Homoeopathy  estab- 
lished in  the  country.  Dr.  Kent  was  made  Dean  of  the  Faculty  and 
with  the  assistance  of  an  able  staff  of  lecturers  and  professors  he 
soon  made  what  was  considered  an  experiment  an  established  fact. 
The  college  hasan  honorary  membershipof  nearly  one  hundred  from 
all  parts  of  the  United  States.  Dr.  Kent  has  published  a  number  of 
pamphlets  which  have  been  translated  into  Italian,  French  and 
German,  and  is  now  busily  engaged  in  writing  text  books  on  pure 
homoeopathy  intended  for  use  in  his  schools. 


MILTON  POVVEL.  M.D. 

Was  born  in  Bridesburg,  a  suburb  of  this  city,  February  16, 
1S54.  His  father.  Joseph  B.  Powel,  is  a  retired  merchant.  The 
public  schools  of  Philadelphia  afforded  the  early  education  of 
the  younger  Powel,  finishing  at  the  High  School  at  N'orristown, 
Pa.  Twelve  or  thirteen  vears  after  leaving  school  Dr.  Powel 
passed  in  mercantile  life.  It  was  his  intention  at  first  to  adopt 
dentistry  as  a  profession,  and  with  this  end  in  view  he  entered  the 
Dental  Department  of  the  L'niversity  of  Pennsylvania,  and  grad- 
uated from  the  Department  of  Dentistry  in  18S7.  It  was  about  this 
time  he  became  attached  as  a  student  to  Dr.  J.  T.  Kent,  the  well 
known  homoeopathic  teacher  and  physician.  Under  his  guidance 
and  care  he  soon  imbued  enough  of  the  laws  of  homoeopathy  to 
make  that  his  life  work.     Continuing  his  studies  under  his  precep- 


tor, and  attending  the  lectures  at  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College, 
he,  in  1S90,  graduated  from  that  institution. 

Joining  Dr.  Kent  and  other  well  known  phvsicians,  thev  ap- 
plied for  a  charter  and  established  the  Post  Graduate  School  of 
Homoeopathy,  Dr.  Powel  becoming  Registrar  of  the  Facultv  and 
Treasurer  of  the  Association.  The  school  is  now  on  a  firm  basis 
with  a  sufficient  corps  of  educators  and  a  large  list  of  students  who 
are  graduates  in  that  school  of  medicine. 

Dr.  Powel  is  a  member  of  the  Odontological  Society,  and  also  a 
member  of  the  Organum  Materia  Medica  Society  of  this  city.  He 
is  married  to  Miss  Louise  C,  daughter  of  the  late  William  M. 
Muzzey,  Esq.,  of  this  city,  and  has  three  children,  a  boy  and  two 
girls. 


WILLIAM  A.  D.  PIERCE,  M.D. 

Was  born  in  this  city  July  9,  1S40.  His  father  was  a  prominent 
manufacturer  and  controlled  at  one  time  the  manufacturing  of 
whalebone  as  applied  to  the  use  of  umbrellas.  He  was  an  intimate 
friend  of  the  late  William  A.  Drown,  after  whom  Dr.  Pierce  was 
named.  Dr.  Pierce's  early  education  was  received  from  the  public 
schools  of  this  city  afterwards  graduating  from  the  Central  High 
School.  After  leaving  school  he  turned  to  conveyancing  intending 
to  follow  that  line  of  life.  He  was  for  a  while  in  the  office  of 
Alfred  Fitler,  brother  of  ex-Mayor  Fitler.  After  leaving  there  he 
entered  the  wholesale  paper  business  with  headquarters  in  Balti- 
more. During  this  time  the  science  of  homoeopathy  was  giving 
him  much  studious  thought  and  he  finally  abandoned  mercantile 
pursuits  and  joined  the  followers  of  Hahnemann.  One  year  he 
spent  attending  the  lectures  of  the  Homoeopathic  Medical  College  of 
Pennsylvania,  afterwards  joining  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College 
of  this  city.  Two  years  spent  here  and  he  received  his  diploma  in 
spring  of  1869.  Since  then  he  has  been  in  continuous  practice. 
For  twelve  years  he  practiced  in  the  neighborhood  of  Devon, 
Chester  county,  afterwards  removing  to  this  city  where  he  is  at 
present.  Through  the  influence  of  Dr.  Kent  he  was  induced  to 
join  the  Faculty  of  the  Post  Graduate  School  of  Homoeopathy  and 
he  is  now  in  charge  of  the  department  of  Clinical  medicine  in  that 
institution.  He  is  a  member  of  the  State  and  County  Homoeo- 
pathic Societies  ;  International  Hahncmanuian  Association  ; 
Homoeopathic  Medical  Council,  of  which  latter  he  was  at  one 
time  President  and  now  Secretary ;  the  Chester,  Delaware  and 
Montgomery  counties'  Societies ;  and  the  Materia  Medica  and 
Organum  Society.  He  married  Miss  Massey,  of  Chester  count}-. 
Dr.  Pierce's  practice  is  a  general  family  practice. 


THE  PHILADELPHIA  UNIVERSITY  OF  SHORT-HAND 


The  Philadelphia  University  of  Short-hand,  908  Chestnut  street, 
■was  the  first  school  in  the  city  to  claim  and  insist  upon  high  standard, 
and  also  to  make  the  rates  of  tuition  such  as  to  enable  those  of  limited 
means  to  continue  their  studies  until  competent.  The  business  com- 
munity take  unquestioned  the  certificate  of  the  University,  knowing 
that  the  statements  made  therein  can  be  relied  on.  In  issuing  cir- 
culars, plain  language  is  used,  comprehensible  to  all,  and  they  are 
"addressed  to  earnest  workers  and  earnest  thinkers,  the  manage- 
ment believing  them  to  be  the  only  ones  who  should  study  short- 
hand." The  faculty  consists  of  four  teachers,  all  practical  sten- 
ographers and  thorough  instructors. 

The  judgment  given  by  members  of  their  own  craft  is  the  best 
way  to  gauge  the  standard  of  the  management.  The  "Phono- 
graphic Magazine"  says  of  the  University  :  "It  deserves  the  success 
it  is  achieving,  as  tire  proprietors  are  practical  reporters,  as  well  as 
able  educators. ' ' 

The  "Stenographer"  says  of  Mr.  Benj.  S.  Banks,  the  Principal 
and  Manager  :  "Mr.  Banks  is  a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar, 
and  an  experienced   stenographic   reporter ;  has   gained   years  of 


practical  experience  by  contact  with  the  business  community ;  is 
conversant  with  several  languages ;  has  received  several  degrees 
from  various  institutions;  is  a  ready  talker  and  a  polished  scholar, 
and  it  is  to  his  daily  lectures  to  the  speed  classes,  embracing  travels, 
matters  of  general  interest,  and  covering  a  wide  range  of  literature, 
combined  with  his  constant  illustrations  of  short-hand  principles 
and  applications  thereof  that  the  University  is  so  largely  indebted 
for  the  reputation  of  its  speed-classes." 

In  addition  to  the  above,  Mr.  Banks  has  always  taken  an  active 
interest  in  advancing  the  interests  of  stenographers,  is  the  Vice- 
President  of  the  Philadelphia  Stenographers'  Association,  and  has 
always  taken  the  lead  in  anything  tending  to  elevate  the  standard 
of  proficiency  and  the  general  interests  of  the  profession. 

As  to  the  LTniversity,  it  is  "the  leading  short-hand  school  in 
the  State."  The  instruction  is  individual,  standard  highest,  and 
honesty  and  fair  dealing  the  guiding  principles  which  have  enabled 
it  to  achieve  its  well-deserved  reputation.  Graduates  from  every 
school  in  the  city,  and  many  practical  stenographers  who  have 
visited  it  and  seen  its  workings,  attest  its  merits. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHLLADELPHLANS. 


SCHOOLS  AND  COLLEGES. 


NORTH  BROAD  STREET  SELECT  SCHOOL 

George  Eastburn,  teacher,  proprietor  of  the  North  Broad 
Street  School,  700  North  Broad  street,  was  born  in  Soleburv  town- 
ship, Bucks  county,  Pa.,  November  25,  1838.  All  of  his  ancestors 
were  of  English  origin.  Some  of  them  accompanied  William  Penn 
when  he  first  came  to  America,  and  others  joined  the  colony  soon 
after  it  was  founded.  Mr.  Eastburn 's  tastes,  in  boyhood',  were 
literary,  and  alter  receiving  all  the  education  obtainable  at  a  coun- 
try school,  he  attended  the  Friends'  Central  School  in  this  en- 
during the  winters  of  i855-'56  and  iS56-'57.  In  the  early  autumn 
of  1856  he  did  his  first  teaching,  in  Soleburv.  In  April,  1S57,  he 
was  selected  from  more  than  twenty  applicants  to  teach  the  Edgehill 
School  in  Abington,  Montgomery  "county,  Pa.  During  his  fifteen 
months'  experience  here  the  attendance  increased  from  less  than 
thirty  to  nearly  seventy.  From  September,  1858,  to  June,  1862,  and 
from  September,  1865,  to  June,  1S66,  he  was  an  assistant  in  Friends' 
Central  School,  at  Fifteenth  and  Race  streets,  Philadelphia.  Mr. 
Eastburn  desired,  above  all  things,  to  be  a  teacher,  but  seemingly 
insurmountable  obstacles  stood  in  the  way  of  his  ambition.  He 
was  unwilling  to  devote  his  life  to  teaching  unless  he  could  be 
graduated  from  some  first-class  college.  Previous  to  his  twenty- 
first  birth-day  he  had  given  but  little  attention  to  the  ancient 
classics,  in  the  study  of  which  two  or  three  years  must  be  spent  in 
preparation  for  college.  His  financial  resources  did  not  justify  his 
relinquishing  teaching  to  give  his  time  exclusively  to  the  study  of 
Latin  and  Greek.  Although  beset  In-  these  discouragements  his 
intense  love  for  the  work  in  which  he  had  been  engaged  the  pre- 
ceding three  years  impelled  him  to  strive  to  reach  his  ideal  goal, 
and  111  connection  with  his  duties  as  a  teacher  on  full  time  he 
immediately  commenced  to  prepare  himself  for  Vale  College,  much 
of  the  time  studying  until  midnight  and  rising  at  5  o'clock  the  next 
morning  to  resume  his  work.  He  was  prepared  to  enter  Vale  in 
1862,  but  the  invasion  of  Pennsylvania  by  the  Confederates  in  the 
summer  of  that  year  prevented  his  entrance  at  that  time.  His 
consecration  to  the  cause  of  education  and  membership  in  the 
Society  of  Friends  had  before  this  kept  him  from  participating  in 
the  war,  but  at  this  crisis  he  decided  that  duty  to  country  should 
be  paramount  to  the  non-resistant  principle  of  Quakerism]  and  He 
joined  the  Eleventh  Pennsylvania  Regiment.  His  previous  seden- 
tary life  made  him  unequal  to  the  rigors  of  the  army,  and  lie  was 
shortly  obliged  to  return  home,  unfitted  for  work  of  any  kind  for 
several  months  in  consequence  of  a  severe  attack  of  bronchitis.  In 
September.  1863,  he  entered  Vale  College.  He  was  graduated  with 
the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts  in  1S68.  His  Alma  Mater  conferred 
upon  him  the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts  in  1871,  ami  Princeton  Col- 
lege honored  him  with  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Philosophy  in  1S90. 
In  October,  1S6S,  he  opened  his  "  English  and  Classical  School  for 
Young  Men  and  Boys"  with  seven  pupils  in  the  Third  National 
Bank  Building.  The  history  of  the  development  of  the  school  from 
that  small  beginning  to  the  eminence  which  his  school  holds  to- 
day among  educational  institutions  constitutes  the  storv  of  Mr. 
Eastburn "s  life  for  the  past  twenty-three  years,  for  the  personalitv 
of  the  man  is  to  be  studied  in  connection  with  his  work  in  educa- 
ting youth  and  in  moulding  character  in  which  his  time  and  efforts 
have  been  almost  entirely  engrossed.  Although  Mr.  Eastburn  be- 
gan his  work  with  the  modest  commencement  mentioned  above 
his  success  has  proved  his  fitness  for  his  calling.  In  one  vear  his 
school  was  doubled.  In  February,  1S70,  he  combined  his  school 
with  that  of  C.  S.  Hallowed,  at  iio  North  Tenth  street,  whereby 
his  pupils  were  increased  to  fifty-five.  In  September,  1870,  with 
the  title  of"  Hallowed  Select  School,"  the  institution  was  opened 
with  greatly  improved  facilities  and  with  increased  numbers  at  112 
North  Ninth  street,  where  it  was  conducted  for  seven  years.  In 
the  autumn  of  1877,  under  its  present  name.it  was  established  in 
its  present  location  with  one  hundred  and  ten  scholars.  The  de- 
partment for  small  boys  was  added  the  next  year,  thus  completing 
the  organization  of  the  school  as  it  now  exists.  The  attendance 
then  increased  to  between  one  hundred  and  forty  and  one  hundred 
and  fifty,  to  which  number  the  school  is  limited.  When  the  im- 
provements now  being  made  shall  be  finished  Mr.  Eastburn's  school 
will  be  well  nigh  complete. 

With  his  determination  to  limit  the  size  of  his  school  to  so 
small  a  number  that  he  may  know  thoroughly  each  pupil  and  thus 
be  enabled  to  train  him  judiciously  ;  with  his  fourteen  accom- 
plished specialists  in  the  branches  which  they  each  teach;  with 
his  thousands  of  dollars'  worth  of  apparatus,  his  superior  building, 
uncqualed  in  facilities  for  light  and  ventilation,  his  unsurpassed 
gymnasium,  his  fine  school  library  ;  in  fact,  with  the  almost  iu- 
numlierable  equipments  with  which  Mr.  Eastburn  has  supplied  his 
school,  one  must  acknowledge  that  he  has  developed  an  institution 
fully  up  to  the  demands  of  the  age  in  which  we  live. 


GERMANTOWN  ACADEMY 

On  September  14,  1S91,  the  Germantowii  Academy  opened  its 
one  hundred  and  thirty-first  school  year.  It  is  interesting  to  fix 
the  time  of  the  founding  of  the  Academy  by  comparing  it  with  the 
dates  of  other  events.  The  first  attempt  to  establish  a  school  of 
any  public  character  in  Philadelphia,  as  far  as  can  be  learned  from 
any  obtainable  records,  was  in  1741,  only  eighteen  years  previous  to 
the  work  undertaken  by  the  contributors  to  the  erection  of  the 
Germantown  Academy  (1759).  The  Philadelphia  Academv  was 
founded  as  a  means  of  educating  young  men  for  the  Christian 
ministry  in  1749.  The  foundations  of  the  Germantown  Academv 
were  laid  in  1760.  and  the  building  was  readv  for  use  in  Sep- 
tember, 1 761 .  The  earliest  masters  were  men  of  not  onlv  high 
education  but  of  practical  experience  and  methods.  After  some 
discussion  as  to  the  conduct  of  the  school,  particularly  as  to  what 
branches  should  be  taught,  the  following  scale  of  charges  per  an- 
num was  established  :  The  Dead  Languages,  /'},  10s.  ;  the  English 
Tongue  Grammatically,  ,{.'3  ;  Reading, Writing,  etc..  in  the  common 
manner,  40s.  In  August,  1764,  itwas  shown  that  all  the  monieson 
hand  and  due  the  school  amounted  to  ,{213,  13s.  and  lod.  On 
November  23d  of  this  year  the  Latin  school  was  separated  from  the 
English.  In  1767  the  Latin  school  was  abolished.  There  were 
various  minor  changes,  mostly  for  the  purpose  of  decreasing  ex- 
penses, but  it  still  became  necessary  to  raise  money  notwithstanding 
the  patrons  subscribed  liberally.  It  was  then  that  resource  was  had 
to  the  lottery  scheme  which,  now  unlawful,  was  then  a  rage  and  a 
madness.  Female  as  well  as  male  teachers  were  employed  from  the 
very  outset.  Many  of  the  men  who  held  position  as  trustees  before 
the  time  of  the  Revolution  are  still  represented  by  their  descen- 
dants in  the  same  board.  At  present  the  Academy  is  in  a  most 
nourishing  condition.  The  first  department,  the  Academic,  com- 
prises two  divisions,  the  Classical  and  English.  The  former  is  a 
complete  preparation  for  our  best  colleges  and  university,  its  spec- 
ialty is  drill  in  Latin,  Greek  and  Mathematics.  The  English  divi- 
sion being  arranged  for  those  who  intend  to  complete  their  educa- 
tion at  the  Academy  has  a  wider  range  of  studies  than  that  of  the 
classical  course.  French  and  German  are  substituted  for  Latin  and 
Greek,  with  special  attention  to  English  literature,  history  and 
natural  sciences.  The  primary  department  is  for  boys  from  six  to 
twelve  years  of  age. 

Reasonable  encouragement  is  given  to  manly  sports  and 
rational  amusements.  There  is  an  athletic  association  and  a  gym- 
nasium under  the  care  of  Dr.  Faries,  physical  instructor  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania.  "The  Academy  Monthly"  is  published 
by  the  students.  The  terms  are,  Academic  Department,  first, 
second,  third  and  fourth  forms,  J 125  ;  fifth  form,  Jioo.  Primary 
Department,  first  and  second  forms,  575  ;  third  and  fourth  forms, 
J50.  These  charges  include  all  studies  taught  in  the  school; 
there  are  uo  extras  of  any  kind.  There  arc  at  present  260  pupils, 
and  seventeen  teachers  are  employed.  William  Kershaw,  A.  M., 
Ph.  D.,  Principal,  No.  1  Shoemaker  Lane,  Germantown,  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

The  Primary  Department  is  under  the  charge  of  Mrs.  William 
Kershaw,  wife  of  the  principal. 


2S0 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


SCHOOLS  AND  COLLEGES— HOTELS. 

GERMANTOWN  BUSINESS  COLLEGE 


Every  voung  person  should  have  a  thorough  knowledge  of 
bookkeeping  if  they  intend  devoting  their  energies  to  a  commer- 
cial career,  or  even  if  they  are  professional  men,  an  insight  into  its 
manv  intricacies  is  of  much  advantage.  During  the  past  decade 
there  has  been  a  number  of  institutions  of  this  nature  launched 
upon  their  career,  some  have  been  successful,  others  have  not 
proven  themselves  to  be  all  that  was  desired.  In  order  to  insure 
success  in  such  and  in  the  tuition  it  is  necessary  that  the  principal 
should  be  a  person  who  has  had  much  experience  as  an  educator. 
The  Institution  whose  name  heads  this  short  sketch  is  one  of  three 
all  of  which  are  under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Charles  M.  Abrahamson: 
"  The  Germantown  Business  College,  "  "The  Frankford  College  of 
Business  and  Short-hand,"  and  "The  Charles  M.  Abrahamson 
Commercial  Institute  of  Camden,  N.  J.  "  All  working  together 
under  one  management,  each  important  in  itself,  each  drawing 
strength  from  the  others.  While  these  institutions  cannot  guaran- 
tee positions  to  graduates  no  competent  graduate  has  ever  been 
obliged  to  wait  long  for  a  position.  The  colleges  have  more  de- 
mands for  good  young  men  and  women  than  the  supply  produces. 
The  Germantown  Business  College  is  not  situated  on  a  noisy  down- 
town street.  It  is  upon  the  wide,  well  paved,  delightful  thorough- 
fare, West  Chelten  avenue,  a  short  distance  from  Main  street  out  in 
the  citified  country,  where  the  air  is  clear  and  the  breezes  fresh. 
Ii  is  accessible  from  any  part  of  the  city  and  suburban  points.  The 
studv-rooms  are  large  and  airy,  cool  in  summer,  and  well  heated  in 
the  winter,  and  in  every  way  adapted  to  the  pleasure  of  comfort- 
able education. 

The  instructors  are  well  learned  men  and  women,  of  broad  and 
specific  education,  who  know  what  to  teach  and  how  to  teach  it, 
to  make  hard  work  easier  and  routine  work  pleasurable.  The 
diplomas  given  graduates  are  recognized  through  the  country.  A 
scholar  armed  with  a  Germantown  Business  College  Diploma 
shows  actual,  tangible  evidence  of  knowing  business.  It  is  a  bond 
of  knowledge  secured  by  reputation. 

The  college  is  run  upon  economical  principles  without  sacri- 
fice to  efficiency.  Its  location  and  other  natural  circumstances 
make  it  possible  to  educate  young  men  at  a  less  expense  than  other 
first-class  institutions.  During  the  winter  season  a  night  school  is 
in  operation  for  the  benefit  of  those  who  cannot  attend  the  day 
school  ;  the  courses  of  instruction  are  the  same  in  both  classes. 


THE  PHILADELPHIA  MUSICAL  ACADEMY 


Mr.  Richard  Zeckwer,  Proprietor  and  Director  of  the  Academy, 
was  born  in  Stendal,  near  Berlin,  Germany,  April  30, 1S50.  He  studied 
music  in  Leipsic  at  the  Royal  Conservatory,  at  the  same  time  attend- 
ing the  University.  He  studied  music  with  Mascheles,  Rapperitz, 
Reinecke,  Richter,  Hauptman.  He  came  to  Philadelphia  in  Septem- 
ber, 1S69,  and  in  1S76  became  proprietor  of  the  academy  in  which  he 
has  taught  since  its  organization.  He  has  been  a  close  student  of 
acoustics  and  is  a  practical  and  advanced  thinker  in  music,  possess- 
ing the  finest  collection  of  acoustical  apparatus  in  this  country. 
As  a  pianist  he  has  won  the  warmest  encomiums  from  the  press  and 
public  for  his  scholarly  interpretation,  and  as  a  composer  has  been 
equally  successful.  He  is  the  author  of  two  orchestral  overtures. 
"The  Festival  Overture"  and  "The  Bride  of  Messina,"  both  of 
which  have  been  rendered  several  times  by  the  Germania  Orchestra. 
He  has  also  written  many  songs  that  have  met  with  extreme  favor. 
Aside  from  his  numerous  duties  at  the  Conservatory,  which  confine 
him  closely,  Mr.  Zeckwer  has  invented  and  placed  upon  the  market 
a  metronome,  that  for  accuracy,  durability  and  simplicity  has  no 
equal.  These  are  being  manufactured  in  large  quantities  and  are  the 
means  of  conveying  Mr.  Zeckwer's  reputation  to  all  quarters  of  the 
world.  Mr.  Zeckwer  is  also  the  originator  of  "  liberating  the  ring 
finger."  He  has  one  of  the  most  complete  and  valuable  musical  libra- 
ries in  America.  Added  to  his  musical  abilities  he  is  endowed  with 
a  keen  business  capacity  which  has  been  properlv  exercised  in  the 
management  of  his  academy.  To  describe  in  detail  the  working  of 
this  great  conservatory  it  would  be  nccessarv  to  continue  the 
sketch  many  pages.  It  is  one  of  America's  most  important  musical 
academies,  and  Mr.  Zeckwer,  who,  by  pursuing  a  careful  manage- 
ment, has  developed  the  academy  until  it  now  stands  without  a 
rival,  and  is  unquestionably  an  institution  of  which  Philadelphia  is 
justly  proud  ;  and  that  Mr.  Zeckwer's  efforts  in  behalf  of  the  advance- 
ment of  musical  art  have  been  duly  appreciated  is  evident  from  the 
fact  that  nearly  one  thousand  pupils  are  now  attending  the  school. 


;.TSLCONTINENTAL   HOTEL  ^^ 

The  Continental  Hotel  is  inseparably  identified  with  the  his- 
tory of  Philadelphia.  It  has  received  the  great  majority  of  distin- 
guished men  and  women  who  have  visited  this  country  at  various 
times,  and  it  has  been  the  scene  of  manv  a  great  political  move. 
Located  at  the  southeast  corner  of  Ninth  and  Chestnut  streets,  the 
building  which  was  erected  in  1859,  and  was  then  considered  the 
handsomest  edifice  in  the  city,  even  now  forms  an  imposing  feature 
of  Philadelphia's  principal  thoroughfare.  It  was  the  first  really 
modern  hotel  with  every  accommodation  in  the  city.  Its  original 
proprietors  were  Messrs.  J.  E.  Stevens  &  Co.,  but  in  1S63  that  firm 
retired  and  the  hotel  came  under  the  sole  management  of  Junius 
Edward  Kingsley,  who,  with  the  assistance  of  his  son  Edward  F. 
Kingslev  and  Colonel  H.  S.  Brown,  have  succeeded  in  making  the 
Continental  one  of  the  best  known  and  most  popular  in  the  country. 

Junius  Edward  Kingsley,  who  was  one  of  the  pioneer  hotel 
managers  of  America,  was  born  in  Franklin,  Connecticut,  in  1S26. 
He  came  of  good  old  Puritan  stock,  being  descended  paternally 
from  Roger  Williams,  and  by  his  mother's  family  from  Elder 
Brewster.  With  nothing  more  than  an  old  time  country  school- 
ing, he  began  his  business  career  at  the  age  of  twenty,  as  a  clerk  on 
the  "  Shetucket.  "  one  of  the  pioneer  steamers  of  the  Long  Island 
Sound  fleet,  and  justified  his  rapid  promotion  by  a  series  of  im- 
provements in  the  care  and  comfort  of  the  passengers.  His  skill  as 
a  steward  came  to  the  notice  of  Captain  Day,  who  invited  him  to 
the  South  to  manage  a  line  of  steamers  plying  between  New 
Orleans  and  Mobile.  Here  young  Kingsley  remained  until  1856, 
when  the  lease  of  the  Howard  House  in  New  York  was  offered  and 
he  went  to  the  metropolis.  There  he  soon  made  a  reputation,  and 
Paran  Stevens  proposed  to  him  a  flattering  partnership  at  the  new 
Continental  Hotel.  Philadelphia. 

To  the  Continental  Mr.  Kingsley  carried  the  same  energy  and 
watchfulness  which  had  marked  and  rewarded  his  previous  under- 
takings. As  soon  as  he  became  sole  proprietor,  during  war  times, 
he  established  a  policy  which  has  rendered  the  Continental 
famous,  and  made  it  as  easy  to  entertain  a  prince  and  his  suite,  or 
a  crowded  convention,  as  a  solitary  traveler.  The  purely  commer- 
cial side  of  the  business  Mr-  Kingsley  also  developed  to  a  great  ex- 
tent. Making  the  Continental  a  model  of  proper  economies  and 
raising  its  standard  of  appliances  to  the  greatest  efficiency.  He 
was  especiallv  proud  of  the  Hotel's  well  drilled  fire  brigade  and 
personallv  led  it  at  the  time  of  a  disastrous  conflagration  on  an  ad- 
joining property,  when  the  salvage  he  effected  was  so  large  that 
the  insurance  companies  of  Philadelphia  voted  him  a  magnificent 
silver  service.  The  same  earnest  attention  and  impetuous  fidelity 
to  purpose  distinguished  his  conduct  as  a  citizen,  his  services  as 
director  of  several  large  corporations,  and  as  a  member  of  impor- 
tant municipal  committees.  Having  seen  his  own  establishment 
placed  on  a  solid  foundation  and  his  sons  well  initiated  into  busi- 
ness, Mr.  Kingsley  calmly  and  nobly  laid  down  a  useful  and  active 
life.     He  died  in  June,  1S90,  at  the  Wissahickon  Inn. 

The  Wissahickon  Inn  was  another  of  Mr.  Kingsley 's  successful 
enterprises.  It  is  considered  one  of  the  finest  summer  resorts  in 
the  countrv  and  is  magnificently  situated  in  the  most  picturesque 
part  of  Chestnut  Hill,  "it  is  a  bower  of  beauty  in  a  setting  of  loye- 
lv  scenerv  and  it  is  managed  on  the  same  elaborate  scale  and  with 
the  same  "success  that  has  brought  the  "  Old  Continental"  such,  a 
large  degree  of  prosperity  and  popularity. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THEATRES. 


MRS.  JOHN  DREW 


LYCEUM  AND  KENSINGTON  THEATRES 


The  story  of  the  life  of  Mrs.  John  Drew  is  almost  the  history 
of  the  American  stage  for  the  past  70  years.  The  veteran  actress 
having  so  identified  herself  with  all  that  is  artistic  and  legitimate  in 
the  dramatic  profession  that  her  record  is  the  record  of  the  national 
drama.  Miss  Louisa  Lane  I  Mrs.  Drew)  was  born  in  London,  England, 
on  January  10,  1820,  her  father  and  mother  both  being  in  the  pro- 
fession. When  only  six  years  of  age  she  made  her  entree  on  the 
stage  at  Liverpool,  in  1S26,  appearing  as  Ajib  in  "  Timour  the 
Tartar."  The  following  year  she  came  to  America  with  her  mother, 
then  Mrs.  Kinlock,  and  she  made  her  debut  at  the  Walnut  Street 
Theatre  in  this  city  in  1827,  playing  Little  York  in  "  Richard  III." 
The  little  debutante  made  an  instantaneous  success,  her  grace,  ease 
and  ingenuousness  charming  everybody.  She  rapidly  developed 
considerable  talent  and  played  for  some  time  as  a  juvenile  star,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Bowery  stock  company  during  the  season  of 
1S33.  The  young  actress  then  went  on  an  extended  tour  to  Jamaica 
and  the  West  Indies,  and  she  returned  with  matured  powers  and 
ripened  experience  in  1S32,  making  her  reappearance  at  the  Park 
Theatre,  New  York.  In  1S34,  when  only  fourteen  years  old,  she 
played  Julia  in  "The  Hunchback"  at  the  Boston  Theatre,  and 
achieved  considerable  success,  and  in  1835  she  went  to  New  Orleans 
on  a  special  engagement  to  play  Lady  Teazle  in  the  "School  for 
Scandal,"  and  other  high  comedy  parts.  As  she  now  laughinglv 
remarks,  "  I  was  then  leading  lady  at  the  large  salary  of  ;2o  a  week, 
I  now  get  ten  times  as  much." 

In  1830  Miss  Lane  made  her  first  matrimonial  adventure  by  mar- 
rying Henry  Hunt  an  English  singer.  She  was  now  acknowledged 
to  be  one  of  the  best  actresses  in  the  country  and.  although  only  a 
girl,  her  range  of  parts  was  very  great,  including  such  characters 
as  Ophelia,  Portia,  Julie  de  Mortimar,  and  all  the  leading  comedy 
and  tragic  roles.  She  was  also  the  original  representative  of  For- 
tuino,  at  the  Park  Theatre,  New  York,  in  the  burlctta  of  that  name, 
and  she  created  Graceful,  in  "The  Fair  One  With  the  Golden 
Locks,"  displaying  in  both  parts  talented  acting  and  charming 
singing.  In  1847  the  young  actress  separated  from  Mr.  Huut,  and 
she  went  on  a  dramatic  tour  to  Chicago.  Milwaukee,  St.  Louis, 
Mobile  and  New  Orleans.  On  her  return  the  following  vear.  she 
married  George  Mossop,  a  young  Irish  comedian  ;  this  union  was 
of  only  short  duration,  as  Mr.  Mossop  died  in  [S49.  The  young 
widow,  however,  did  not  stay  long  in  a  state  of  single  blessedness, 
as  in  the  following  year  (1850)  she  married  the  well-known  actor 
and  great  popular  favorite  John  Drew. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Drew  soon  after  appeared  together  at  Niblo's 
Garden,  New  York,  on  June  14,  1852,  the  lady  appearing  as  the 
Duchess  de  Torrenueva  and  Betsy  Baker,  and  her  husband  playing 
the  comedy  roles.  In  1S53  the  talented  couple  came  to  Philadelphia 
and,  in  conjunction  with  William  Wheatlev,  undertook  the  manage- 
ment of  the  Arch  Street  Theatre,  organizing  a  memorable  stock 
company  and  playing  only  legitimate  comedy  and  drama.  In  1857 
Mrs.  Drew  went  on  a  tour  with  her  husband  all  through  the  country 
and  made  successes  wherever  she  went.  In  1861,  in  consequence  of 
her  husband's  ill  health,  she  assumed  the  sole  management  of  the 
Arch,  and  has  ably  conducted  its  affairs  ever  since.  In  1S62J0I111 
Drew  died,  and  the  artiste,  although  comparatively  young,  was  once 
more  alone  in  the  world.  For  the  last  3S  vears  Mrs.  Drew  has  lived 
in  Philadelphia,  and  has  periodically  delighted  the  citizens  by  her 
appearance  in  standard  comedy.  She  is  now  rounding  up  her  long 
and  useful  career  in  a  series  of  memorable  performances  with  Joseph 
Jefferson  and  William  J.  Florence.  Her  Mrs.  Malaprop  in  "  The 
Rivals,"  is  considered  the  best  performance  on  the  stage  at  the 
present  day.  And  so.  full  of  vears  and  honors,  Mrs.  Drew  still  cou- 
tiues  to  vigorously  take  her  part  in  the  drama  of  life,  and  long  raav 
she  do  so.  She  has  given  to  the  stage  all  her  children,  and  she  is 
to  be  thanked  for  such  bright  additions  to  the  dramatic  world  as 
John  Drew  of  Daly's  Company  ;  Georgie  Drew  Barrymore,  wife  of 
Maurice  Barrymore,  and  Sidney  Drew.  Another  clever  daughter, 
Adine,  died  lately,  she  was  quite  young.  This  for  over  seventy 
years  is  the  record  of  Mrs.  John  Drew,  who  is  beloved  by  all  Phila- 
delphiaus  for  her  goodness  of  heart  and  her  talents,  and  who  is 
acknowledged  by  all  to  lie  the  most  versatile  and  finished  actress  on 
the  English  speaking  stage, 


John  G.  Jermon,  Proprietor  and  Manager  of  the  Lvceum  and 
Kensiugton  Theatres,  is  the  youngest  theatrical  manager  in  the 
city.  He  was  born  in  Philadelphia  on  August  30,  1866,  and  has 
been  in  the  theatrical  business  all  his  life.  He  was  Assistant 
Treasurer  of  the  Temple  Theatre,  and  when  that  was  burned  down 
he  became  Treasurer  for  H.  R.  Jacobs  at  the  Lyceum  Theatre,  Nos. 
720,  722,  724  and  726  Yine  street;  the  third  season  he  became  mana- 
ger, the  fourth  season  he  managed  both  the  Continental  and 
Lyceum  Theatres,  and  in  1890  he  became  sole  lessee  and  manager 
of  the  Lyceum.  He  subsequently  took  the  Kensington  Theatre 
from  Mr.  Hickey,  and  he  speedily  became  prosperous  and  a  power 
in  the  dramatic  world.  Mr.  Jermon  was  the  first  manager  to  intro- 
duce first-class  vaudeville  entertainments  at  cheap  prices,  and  he 
has  ably  proved  the  success  of  his  suggestion. 

The  Lyceum  Theatre,  which  is  one  of  the  most  popular  in  the 
city,  was  converted  into  a  theatre  in  January,  18S6.  and  at  once 
started  on  a  successful  career  as  a  popular  priced  amusement  resort. 
Its  growth  has  been  steady  and  sure,  and  it  is  now  one  of  the  pret- 
tiest houses  in  Philadelphia,  the  decorations  being  both  elaborate 
and  handsome,  the  walls  being  lined  throughout  with  silk  plush, 
which  is  a  novelty  in  theatre  decoration.  The  Lyceum  presents 
the  leading  vaudeville  attractions  and  the  best  class  of  melodrama, 
and  from  the  thousands  of  patrons  that  daily  throng  the  theatre  it 
is  proved  to  be  a  necessity  to  the  neighborhood  in  which  it  thrives. 

The  Kensington  Theatre  is  one  of  the  most  recent  amusement 
palaces  that  have  sprung  up  so  quickly  within  the  last  few  vears 
all  over  the  city.  It  is  conspicuously  situated  at  the  corner  of 
Frankford  avenue  and  N'orris  streets,  in  the  centre  of  an  immense 
population.  It  was  built  by  John  Hart  in  1S87  on  the  site  of  the 
old  Shackamaxon  Bauk.  Nothing  was  spared  to  make  the  house 
perfect  of  its  class,  and  it  is  fitted  with  every  modern  appliance, 
both  before  and  behind  the  curtain.  When  Mr.  Jermon  took  the 
reins  he  further  improved  the  property,  and  it  is  now  considered 
one  of  the  handsomest  popular-priced  houses  in  the  country.  It  is 
ornamented  in  the  oriental  style,  after  the  manner  of  the  old  Tem- 
ple Theatre.  Its  amusements  are  vaudevilles,  burlesques  and  sen- 
sational melodramas.  The  Kensington  is  one  of  the  best  paying 
houses  in  the  city. 

Mr.  Jermon,  besides  managing  two  prosperous  theatres,  also 
superintends  the  booking  lor  the  Academy  of  Music,  at  Wilming- 
ton, and  he  manages  the  publication  of  a  number  of  theatre  pro- 
grammes at  No.  309  Franklin  street.  This  young  theatrical  mana- 
ger is  a  shining  example  of  Philadelphia  push  and  euteqjrise. 
He  is  on  the  high  road  to  fortune,  while  many  men  at  the  same 
age  are  oulv  iu  their  busiuess  leading  strings. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 


WILLIAM  WHITAKER  &  SONS 

The  well  known  manufacturing  firm  of  William  Whitaker  & 
Sons  was  established  in  1S13  by  Henry  Whitaker,  the  grandfather 
of  the  present  members  of  the  firm  of  that  name.  Henry  Whitaker 
was  born  in  England,  and  when  he  came  to  America  to  make  his 
fortune  he  started  the  Cedar  Grove  Mill  for  the  manufacture  of  bed 
tickings,  and  very  soon,  by  his  industry  and  energy,  managed  to 
build  up  a  profitable  and  increasing  business.  He  was  succeeded 
by  his  sons,  William  and  Robert  Whitaker,  and  then  a  grandson  of 
the  founder,  William  Whitaker,  was  taken  into  the  firm  and  the 
title  of  William  Whitaker  &  Sons  was  assumed  and  it  stands  to  the 
present  dav.  William  Whitaker,  the  elder,  died  on  August  6, 187S, 
and  the  personnel  of  the  firm  became  James  Whitaker,  David  C. 
Nimlet,  Robert  Whitaker  and  Thomas  D.  Whitaker,  the  name  re- 
maining unchanged. 

The  business  of  the  Cedar  Grove  Mills  is  entirely  confined  to 
the  manufacture  of  bed  tickings  of  the  best  kind,  and  it  is  one  of 
the  largest  and  the  oldest  establishment  for  that  industry  in  the 
country.  The  old  mill  was  carried  on  successfully  just  as  it  had 
been  started  nearlv  eighty  years  ago  by  Henry  Whitaker,  but  in 
1876  the  young  firm  added  a  new  branch  to  their  business  by  the 
purchase"  of  the  Tremont  Carpet  Mills,  at  Frankford,  running  that 
industry  in  addition  to  the  original  factory.  Mr.  James  Whitaker, 
the  senior  member  of  the  present  firm,  is  Vice-President  of  the 
Merchants'  National  Bank,  a  director  of  the  Fire  Association,  and 
a  director  of  the  Huntingdon  and  Broad  Top  Railroad.  He  is  also 
a  director  of  the  Camden  Iron  Works  and  of  the  Arrott  Steam  Mills 
Company.  David  C.  Nimlet,  the  second  partner,  is  a  director  of  the 
Second  National  Bank  of  Philadelphia,  and  he  attends  to  the  office 
business  at  No.  203  Chestnut  street.  There  are  no  manufacturers 
in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  that  stand  higher  for  sterling  worth  and 
business  integrity  that  the  firm  of  William  Whitaker  &  Sons. 


THOMAS  WILLIAMS.  Jr.,  &  CO. 

Samuel  Williams  commenced  the  lumber  business  previous  to 
the  vear  1800  (date  not  remembered'),  on  the  lot  corner  of  Fourth 
and  Merchant  streets,  below  Market  street.  His  sous,  Samuel 
and  Joseph,  succeeded  him  and  occupied  the  ground  southwest  cor- 
ner of  Fifth  and  Walnut  streets. 

The  celebrated  engine  builder  and  locksmith,  Pat.  Lyons,  built 
the  first  fire  engine  for  "The  Diligent  Engine  Co."  in  his  shop  on 
this  propertv  ;  it  was  called  "  The  Diligent." 

From  there  they  moved  to  the  lot  north  side  of  Chestnut  street, 
west  of  Tenth  street.  Their  business  was  largely  mahogany.  At 
that  time  there  were  no  steam  saw  mills.  They  had  a  pit  dug  in  the 
ground,  a  log  was  laid  on  skids  over  it ;  one  man  would  go  into  the 
pit  and  one  would  stand  on  the  log  ;  with  a  large  saw  they  would 
cut  the  logs  in  such  thicknesses  as  were  desired.  Samuel  Williams 
died  September  4,  1S20.  His  brother  continued  the  business  and 
moved  to  the  lot  on  the  north  side  of  Walnut  street,  between 
Eighth  and  Ninth  streets,  now  occupied  by  the  "Central  Theatre." 

Joseph  Williams  died  about  the  year  1826.  Howard  Williams 
and  Charles  Williams  succeeded  him.  Finding  the  space  was  too 
limited  they  moved  to  the  southwest  corner  of  Broad  and  Spruce 
streets,  in  the  year  1S32.  From  there  they  moved  to  the  southeast 
and  southwest  corners  of  Seventeenth  and  Spruce  streets.  In  the 
vear  1840  they  retired  from  business,  and  the  present  firm  of 
Thomas  Williams,  Jr.,  &  Co.,  consisting  of  Thomas  Williams,  Jr., 
and  his  brother,  David  E.  Williams,  succeeded  them  on  the  corner 
of  Seventeenth  and  Pine  streets,  and  moved  from  there  to  Seven- 
teenth and  South  streets.  David  E.  Williams  died  April  4,  1S61. 
Thomas  continued  the  business  on  the  same  site  until  1S69,  when 
he  moved  to  the  lot  still  occupied  by  the  firm,  corner  of  Eighteenth 
and  Bainbridge  streets.  In  this  year  he  associated  with  him  his 
sons,  Samuel  and  David  E.  Williams,  and  his  nephew,  J.  Randall 
Williams.  Thomas  Williams,  Jr.,  retired  from  the  firm  in  the  year 
1SS0,  and  David  E.  Williams  in  1SS1.  The  business  has  been  con- 
tinued under  the  same  name  by  Samuel  Williams  and  J.  Randall 
Williams  on  the  present  site,  corner  of  Eighteenth  and  Bainbridge 
streets,  doiug  a  large  wholesale  and  retail  business,  consisting 
largely  of  hard  woods  and  all  kiuds  of  building  material. 


MILLBOURNE  MILLS  CO. 

No  corporation  or  organization  can  better  illustrate  the  march 
of  improvement  in  industrial  art  than  the  Millbourne  Mills  Com- 
pany. Started  nearly  one  hundred  and  fifty  years  ago,  the  great 
mills  in  Delaware  county,  immediately  west  of  the  city  line,  at 
Market  and  Sixty-third  streets,  now  form  a  striking  monument  of  the 
business  tact  and  enterprise  of  the  early  settlers  of  the  Quaker  Citv. 
The  real  history  of  the  Millbourne  Mills  begins  when  in  1690  an 
immigrant  named  Samuel  Sellers  purchased  from  William  Penn  a 
tract  of  land  on  and  adjoining  the  site  of  the  present  mill  buildings, 
which  now  make  conspicuous  the  corner  upon  which  they  are 
situated.  The  land  was  permitted  to  lie  idle  for  half  a  centurv, 
when,  in  1757,  John  Sellers,  first,  grandson  of  the  original  purchaser, 
appreciating  the  growing  importance  of  Philadelphia,  erected  on 
the  Millbourne  property  the  first  mill.  This  was  a  grist  mill  of  the 
crudest  form,  and  its  capacity  was  only  five  barrels  of  flour  dailv. 
Another  fifty  years  went  by  and  the  business  increased  and  devel- 
oped in  a  remarkable  manner.  At  last,  in  1S14,  the  second  mill 
was  erected  by  John  Sellers,  second,  and  operated  by  John  Sellers, 
third,  as  lessee  and  owner  for  a  period  of  fifty  years.  The  capacitv 
of  this  mill  was  from  twenty  to  forty  barrels  of  flour  daily.  It  was 
at  this  time  that  a  radical  change  was  developed  in  the  grinding  of 
wheat  by  the  introduction  of  an  invention  of  Oliver  Evans,  whereby 
automatic  machinery  handled  the  grain  as  it  entered  the  mill  anil 
conveyed  it  through  the  various  processes  to  its  fiual  disposal  in  the 
barrel  as  finished  flour.  This  ingenious  contrivance  was  quickly- 
approved  of  by  John  Sellers,  third,  who  was  among  the  first  to 
obtain  a  license  to  use  the  new  elevators. 

Another  half  century  of  prosperity  and  in  1S69  the  mill  of  1S14 
was  enlarged  and  equipped  with  new  and  improved  machinery  bv 
the  sons  of  John  Sellers,  third,  and  steam  power  was  added  to  the 
water  wheels  turned  by  the  force  of  water  in  Cobb's  creek.  The 
capacity  of  the  mill  was  now  fifty  barrels  of  flour  daily.  Another 
radical  change  was  made,  ten  years  later,  when,  in  1879,  the  "  roller 
system,"  or  "new  process,"  was  introduced  and  added  to  the  ma- 
chinery. The  old  mill-stone  was  superseded  by  the  "Chilled  Iron 
Roller  Mill  ;"  the  quality  of  the  flour  was  greatly  improved  and 
the  capacity  of  the  mill  increased  to  one  hundred  barrels  dailv. 
Still  further  improvements  were  made  in  18S2  :  the  quality  of  the 
flour  produced  became  better  than  ever  and  the  capacity  was  two 
hundred  barrels  daily.  In  18S.5  the  Millbourne  Mills  Companv  was 
formed  with  John  Sellers,  fourth,  as  President,  and  Nathan  Sellers, 
Secretary  and  Treasurer.  New  machinery  was  fixed  up  to  meet 
the  requirements  of  the  "  new  process,"  and  the  capacity  was  in- 
creased to  two  hundred  and  fifty  barrels  a  day,  the  quality  of  flour 
being  of  the  highest  grade  known  to  the  trade.  In  1SS6  a  new- 
building,  70  feet  by  33  feet,  and  five  stories  high,  was  erected  to 
the  east  of  the  old  mills  of  1S14  and  1869.  and  it  was  equipped  with 
the  best  known  automatic  machinery.  The  capacitv  was  now- 
raised  to  three  hundred  and  fifty  barrels  daily. 

A  splendid  and  prosperous  industry  had  now  arisen  from  the 
humble  inception  of  the  old  primitive  mill  of  1757.  The  buildings 
cover  several  acres  and  they  comprise  a  portion  of  the  original  mill 
of  1814,  a  storehouse  for  bran,  with  a  capacity  of  125  tons  ;  a  store- 
house for  flour,  with  3,000  barrels  capacity  ;  a  fine  engine  and  boiler 
house,  with  two  Buckeye  engines,  one  Porter  Allen  engine  of  150 
horse-power,  and  two  steel  Galloway  boilers,  each  six  feet  in  diam- 
eter, either  of  them  capable  of  developing  150  horse-power;  a  fine 
carpenter  shop,  a  blacksmith  shop,  and  a  grain  elevator  with  a 
capacity  of  40,000  bushels  of  wheat ;  a  water  tower  ninety-three  feet 
high,  with  three  water  tanks  holding  5,000  gallons  each;  the  top 
story  being  devoted  to  cleaning  machinery  entirely  apart  from  the 
manufacturing  machinery,  an  additional  precaution  to  secure 
purity  and  cleanliness.  In  iSSgthe  latest  addition  was  made  by  the 
enlargement  of  the  mill  of  1814  by  the  addition  of  two  stories. 
The  new  plant  of  1SS8  was  also  started  at  its  full  capacity,  and  be- 
sides achieving  a  still  greater  improvement  in  the  quality  of  the 
flour,  the  capacity  was  increased  to  five  hundred  barrels  daily. 

The  company  is  renowned  for  its  teams  of  Clydesdale  horses, 
noble  animals  of  great  power  and  weight.  There  are  sixteen 
teams.  They  are  all  iron  grays  and  used  exclusively  to  haul  grain 
to  the  mills  and  distribute  the  orders.  At  the  present  time  they  dis- 
tribute over  four  hundred  barrels  of  flour  daily  and  transport  2,000 
bushels  of  wheat.  Two  of  these  animals  are  now  doing  the  work 
that  five  ordinary  horses  were  required  to  perform  in  the  earlier 
and  more  primitive  condition  of  the  Millbourne  business. 


THE   PHILADELPHIA    NEWSPAPERS 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


THE  PRESS. 


JOURNALISM  IN  PHILADELPHIA 

Probably  in  uo  other  city  iu  the  United  States  is  there  so  large 
a  circulation  as  in  Philadelphia  of  newspapers  in  proportion  to 
the  population  ;  and  certainly  not  in  any  city  is  the  purchaser  and 
reader  able  to  get  an  equal  amount  in  both  quality  and  quantity  for 
the  same  sum  of  money.  To  those  familiar  with  the  enormous 
outlay  in  producing  newspapers — the  cost  of  machinery  and  mater- 
ial, and  the  expense  each  day  for  collecting  from  all  parts  of  the 
world  the  contents  of  a  single  edition,  as  well  as  the  cash  disburse- 
ments for  editing  and  putting  this  matter  into  type — it  has  long  been 
a  cause  of  marvel  that,  as  a  rule,  copies  of  the  daily  papers  of  Phil- 
adelphia are  sold  at  a  price  less  than  is  demanded  in  any  other 
place  for  journals  of  a  similar  class.  Partly  this  result  has  been 
brought  about  by  an  energetic  and  sleepless  competition,  but  its 
main  cause  beyond  doubt  is  the  impulse  which  impregnates  every 
branch  of  trade  or  industry  in  this  city  to  give  to  the  consumer  the 
largest  return  for  his  investment,  and  to  be  satisfied  with  the  small- 
est possible  margin  beyond  actual  cost,  as  the  benefit  to  the  pro- 
ducer. 

At  the  present  time  four  of  the  leading  morning  papers  of 
Philadelphia:  The  North  American,  The  Inquirer,  The  Record 
and  The  Times,  all  members  of  the  Associated  Press,  are  sold  for 
one  cent  each.  No  one  of  these  publishes  less  than  six  large  pages 
each  day,  while  all  frequently  enlarge  the  size  of  their  usual  issue 
by  the  addition  of  two,  four  and  sometimes  a  greater  number  of 
pages.  Of  the  afternoon  dailies  the  majoritv  are  also  pennv 
papers.  Philadelphia  therefore  may  fairly  be  named  as  the  home 
of  the  inexpensive  newspaper,  for  while  exceptional  efforts  have 
been  made  in  that  direction  elsewhere  it  is  here  alone  that  this 
phenomenally  low  price  is  accompanied  by  uo  reduction  in  the 
size  of  the  sheets,  nor  by  any  lack  of  that  complete  organization 
and  equipment  which  constitutes  a  great  newspaper,  Hie  Record 
was  the  first  of  the  morning  papers  to  make  the  venture  of  selling 
for  one  cent,  since  the  war  period  when  the  high  price  of  white 
paper  made  such  a  concession  impossible.  The  North  American 
was  the  next  to  enter  the  same  field  anil  the  extraordinary  pros- 
perity which  followed  iu  each  case  no  doubt  induced  The  Times 
and  afterward  The  Inquirer  to  follow  the  same  course.  The  Public 
Ledger  and  The  Press — much  larger  papers  than  either  of  these 
previously  named — are  sold  for  two  cents  each,  and  this  is  iu  pro- 
portion no  more  than  the  charge  for  other  lower  priced  contempor- 
aries. 

It  has  seemed  proper  to  refer  to  this  uniformity  of  low  price, 
because  that  is  essentially  the  distinctive  feature  of  Philadelphia 
journalism  ;  and  its  result  has  been  not  only  to  secure  an  im- 
mensely larger  patronage  for  the  various  newspapers,  but  also  to 
cultivate  an  almost  universal  taste  for  newspaper  reading.  The 
effect  of  this  of  course  has  been  to  create  an  unusuallv  intelligent 
and  well  informed  body  of  citizens  who,  when  their  suffrage  is  de- 
manded upon  any  question  of  public  interest,  are  apt  to  show  a 
greater  independence  of  the  trammels  of  partisanship  than  exists 
in  any  other  American  community.  It  may  be  remarked  in  this 
connection  that  there  seems  to  be  a  certain  fitness  in  Philadelphia 
assuming  the  first  place  in  the  general  enterprise  of  cheap  news- 
papers at  this  time  ;  for  while  it  is  claimed  that  the  New  York  Post 
was  the  first  established  newspaper  to  be  sold  for  one  cent,  several 
ventures  in  that  direction  had  previously  been  made  in  Philadel- 
phia at  an  earlier  date,  and  it  was  as  early  as  1836  that  the  Public 
Ledger  was  issued  and  circulated  at  that  price. 

It  is  said  that  at  the  present  time  there  are  regularly  issued  in 
Philadelphia  more  than  three  hundred  publications  that  are  classed, 
and  in  many  cases  most  erroneously  classed,  under  the  head  of 
"newspapers."  Among  these  are  included  a  great  variety  of 
sheets  dedicated  to  special  interests  ;  and  some  maintained  with  no 
apparent  reason  for  being,  except  the  gratification  of  those  by 
whom  the  trifling  expense  of  their  occasional  production  is  paid. 

The  history  of  The  North  American,  the  newspaper  under 
whose  auspices  this  volume  is  published,  is  practically  the  history 
of  the  advance  of  journalism  in  Philadelphia.  The  name  by  which 
it  is  now  best  known  is  not  the  same  as  those  by  which  it  has 
gained  its  title  to  be  the  oldest  daily  newspaper  in  America. 
In  the  merging  into  one  the  various  publications  whose  history 
from  time  to  time  has  become  part  of  its  own,  the  fancies  of 
different  proprietors,  or  the  terms  of  the  coalition,  have  supple- 
mented the  necessity  for  the  abbreviations  of  convenience.  There 
were  newspapers  published  in  Philadelphia  and  elsewhere  through- 
out the  colonies  previous  to  1771.  It  was  the  Packet,  however, 
which  was  started  in  that  year  and  which  was  published  under 
that  name,  and  a  little  later  as  the  Packet  and  General  Advertiser, 
at  varying  intervals  of  time,  covering  never  more  than  one  week, 
which  was  the  first  to  launch  itself  into  the  waters  of  marvellous  en- 


terprise by  beginning  the  issue  of  a  daily  edition  on  the  21st  of  Sep- 
tember, 1784.  This  was  the  venture  which  gives  to  Philadelphia 
its  rank  as  the  birthplace  of  the  American  daily  newspaper ;  and 
it  is  not  trespassing  upon  the  fact  to  assert  that  in  everv  reputable 
and  honorable  feature  which  has  brought  distinction  to  journalism 
since  that  time  this  city  has  maintained  its  right  to  precedence. 

The  daily  Packet  and  General  Advertiser  was  a  four-page  sheet 
whose  whole  contents  could  easily  be  repeated  in  similar  type  in  a 
single  page  of  the  present  issue  of  its  successor,  The  North  Ameri- 
can. It  rarely  contained  more  than  a  few  lines  of  original  com- 
ment, and  its  news  consisted  of  extracts  from  letters  or  newspapers 
received  from  other  points.  Yet  paralleled  with  its  surroundings 
its  enterprise  of  daily  publication  of  a  few  hundred  copies,  labor- 
iously worked  off  upon  a  press  which  had  to  be  fed,  inked,  and 
moved  by  hand,  was  scarcely  less  than  that  of  The  North  American 
of  to-day,  feeding  to  the  public  by  automatic  machinerv  at  the  rate 
of  nearly  a  thousand  copies  in  one  minute.  The  North  American 
is  proud  of  its  ancestor,  and  the  name  of  the  Advertiser  is  still 
printed  as  a  part  of  its  title  every  day,  as  is  the  name  of  United 
States  Gazette,  which,  having  itself  absorbed  the  Advertiser,  and 
some  other  competitors,  was  made  a  part  of  The  North  American 
about  fifty  years  since. 

Let  anyone  carefully  and  intelligently  compare  the  press  of 
Philadelphia  with  the  press  of  any  other  large  city  of  the  Union, 
and  he  cannot  fail  to  be  impressed  with  the  general  superiority  of 
its  moral  tone.  Being  a  reflex  of  actualities,  a  world's  history  for 
a  day,  a  daily  newspaper  must  contain  much  that  is  painful,  much 
that  is  startling,  much  that  is  occasion  for  regret ;  but  it  is  one 
thing  to  print  in  sober,  decent  fashion  the  inevitable  story,  as  it 
comes  only  of  suffering  and  of  sin,  and  it  is  quite  another  system- 
atically to  search  out  such  stories  and  present  them  in  such  a  way 
as  to  be  as  far  as  possible  sensational  and  conspicuous.  Anvone 
who  has  ever  read  the  "  breezy  "journals  of  the  untrammeledWest, 
or,  not  to  go  so  far  a  field,  has  noted  the  course  of  some  of  the 
papers  which  claim  to  typify  and  dominate  the  journalism  of  New- 
York  City,  will  understand  exactly  what  is  meant.  Every  crime  is 
magnified,  every  disgraceful  episode  is  made  the  most  of,  and  as  a 
consequence  a  kind  of  newspaper  is  produced  apparently  intended 
to  be  read  in  the  cars,  on  the  streets,  in  stores  and  in  offices,  but  to 
be  carefully  thrown  away  by  the  reader  before  he  returns  to  his 
home.  Perhaps  such  papers  best  suit  the  place  where  thev  are 
published,  best  suit  cities  where  the  floating  population  is  large, 
and  the  home  sentiment  is  at  its  lowest  ;  but  thev  would  not  suit 
Philadelphia.  As  this  is  pre-eminently  and  characteristically  a 
city  of  homes,  the  press  of  this  city,  and  especially  the  morning 
press,  is  prepared  with  a  constant  and  sensitive  regard  for  this 
circumstance. 

The  daily  newspapers  of  Philadelphia,  with  a  very  few  ex- 
ceptions, are  emphatically  meant  for  home  consumption  ;  thev 
are  meant  to  be  read,  as  they  very  largely  are  read,  in  the  family 
circle,  and  it  is  because  this  fact  is  so  steadily,  so  necessarilv 
borne  in  mind,  that  their  moral  tone  is  so  much  higher  than 
that  of  papers  issued  under  less  favorable  conditions.  They  are 
not,  as  so  many  newspapers  have  degenerated  into  becoming,  mere 
chroniclers  of  accidents  and  crimes.  They  aim  to  express,  and  with 
a  large  measure  of  success  they  do  express,  the  worthy  activities, 
the  progressive  aspirations  of  the  community.  They  give  currency 
and  impetus  to  the  serious  thoughts  of  earnest  men  on  serious  sub- 
jects. Entering  into  a  friendly  alliance  with  the  pulpit,  thev  im- 
part to  the  utterances  of  the  preacher  by  reproducing  them,  an 
impressive  value  far  beyo  nd  that  of  their  original  delivery,  and 
there  is  no  great  secular  movement  but  has  in  the  press  of  Phila- 
delphia, always  a  champion  and  exponent  and  oftentimes  a 
pioneer.  In  every  field  of  public  labor,  in  the  purification  of  poli- 
tics, in  the  education  of  the  people,  in  the  promotion  of  material 
prosperity,  in  the  development  of  latent  energy,  in  the  quickening 
of  private  and  municipal  enterprise,  in  all  thedepartmentsof  thought 
and  of  action  which  touch  the  public  weal,  the  newspapers  of  Phila- 
delphia will  be  found  doing,  in  all  times  and  seasons,  from  one 
year's  end  to  the  other,  earnest,  high-minded  and  successful  work. 
They  undoubtedly  express,  with  exceptional  fidelity  and  no  small 
degree  of  force,  the  feelings,  the  opinions,  and  the  aspirations  of 
the  great  body  of  the  community  which  they  serve,  and  their  in- 
fluence counts  for  much,  counts  far  more  than  any  other  single  fac- 
tor in  the  high  level  of  well-being,  physical,  moral  and  mental,  to 
which  our  city  has  attained,  and  in  the  opening  up  of  the  new 
era  of  advancement,  the  prospect  of  which  now  stretches  bright 
before  us.  Patriotic,  public  spirited,  progressive,  and  always  de- 
cent, ever  ready  to  champion  the  right  and  foremost  in  every 
struggle  onward,  the  press  of  Philadelphia  is  easily  the  most  im- 
portant, the  most  valuable  and  the  most  significant  of  all  our  local 
products. 


285 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIA'S. 


"The  boast  of  heraldry,  the  pomp  of  power, 


W.  N.  ATTVVOOD  &  SON 


The  above  firm  began  business  in  1S45,  when  Mr.  \V.  N.  Attwood 
opened  an  establishment  at  119  North  Eighth  street,  remaining 
there  until  [860,  when  a  removal  was  made  to  44  North  Eleventh 
street,  and  in  1865  he  purchased  and  refitted  the  building  situated 
at  1216  Race  street.  In  1S6S  Mr.  Attwood  took  his  son,  N.  J.  Att- 
wood  into  partnership,  and  since  his  death  in  1871,  the  business  has 
been  under  the  entire  management  of  Mr.  N.  J.  Attwood,  who 
through  his  association  with  his  father  had  become  conversant  with 
the  details  of  the  business.  During  the  year  1S86  Mr.  Attwood 
realizing  that  his  offices  were  not  located  as  advantageously  as  was 
desirable,  the  present  premises  1632  Arch  street  were  purchased  and 
refitted  to  suit  his  wants.  It  has  been  his  constant  aim  to  supplv 
a  class  of  custom  who  desire  that  everything  shall  be  of  the  nicest 
quality,  and  the  best  materials  used  without  ostentatious  displav. 
Mr.  \V.  X.  Attwood  was  born  and  spent  his  early  career  in  England 
coming  to  this  city  in  1831.  Mr.  N.  J.  Attwood,  was  born  in 
1.S41,  his  early  education  was  received  in  the  schools  of  this  city. 
He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Funeral  Directors'  Asso- 
ciation since  its  inception,  having  served  as  Treasurer  for  some 
years.  He  is  also  connected  with  the  Pennsylvania  organization, 
having  served  in  every  capacity,  and  elected  President  at  the  last 
general  assembly  in  June,  1891.  He  has  been  a  delegate  to  the 
International  Association  upon  several  occasions.  He  is  also  Past 
Master  and  Treasurer  of  Covenant  Lodge,  Xo.  456,  A.  F.  and  A.  M., 
by  virtue  of  which  he  is  also  a  member  of  the  Grand  Lodge.  Mr. 
Attwood  enjoys  a  reputation  second  to  none  in  his  social  and  business 
associations. 

J.    WESLEY    BOWEN 

The  undertaker  whose  complete  and  thoroughly  model  estab- 
lishment is  located  at  101S  South  Second  street.  Philadelphia,  came 
to  this  city  in  1847,  having  been  born  in  Allegheny  city,  Pennsyl- 
vania, May  ;,r,  1842.  In  [S50  Mrs.  Bo  wen  moved  to  Beverlv,  New 
Jersey,  taking  her  son  witli  her.  She  sent  him  to  the  Normal  Pre- 
paratory School  at  Beverly,  where  he  remained  until  1858.  when 
his  mother  returned  with  him  to  Philadelphia.  He  wasaclcrk  in 
a  grocery  --tore  when  the  war  of  the  rebellion  broke  out.  He  en- 
listed in  the  Fifteenth  Pennsylvania  Cavalrv,  being  mustered  in 
as  a  private  August  27,  1S62.  (In  the  1st  of  May,  1804,  he  was 
promoted  to  Commissary  Sergeant.  His  first  engagement  was  at 
Autietain.  After  this  battle  his  regiment  was  transferred  to  the 
Army  of  the  Cumberland.  The  number  of  engagements  in  which 
Mr.  Bowen  participated  was  twenty-nine,  the  principal  fights 
being  Antietam,  Stone  River,  Dalton,  Nashville.  Resaca,  Kcn- 
nesaw  Bluff  and  Chicamauga.  (In  June  21,  1865,  he  was  mus- 
tered out  of  service.  Charles  Bowen,  the  father  of  J.  Wesiev 
Bowen,  was  born  in  Cape  May  county,  New  Jersev,  and  was  in 
business  as  a  plumber,  he  died  iii  1868,  when  his  son  took  charge 
of  the  business.  He  removed  the  business  to  126  South  Second 
street  in  1890,  having  purchased  the  property  and  improved  it  ac- 
cording to  the  demands  of  business  at  considerable  expense.  At 
the  time  this  business  came  into  his  possession  it  was  the  home- 
stead of  Drs.  A.  and  R.  Albinger.  Extensive  alterations  were 
made.  All  varieties  of  caskets  and  coffins  are  manufactured  and 
everything  appertaining  to  the  business  to  the  smallest  detail  are 
supplied.  His  portable  chapels  for  funeral  services  are  the  most 
elegantly  fitted  in  the  United  States.  The  manufactory  and  stables 
are  at  967  to  969  South  Front  street.  Mr.  Bowen  is  connected  with 
the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  and  has  been  librarian  of  the 
Wharton  street  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  twenty-five  vears. 
He  has  a  Sunday-school  which  is  composed  of  1,600  pupils.  This 
fact  alone  shows  how  highly  he  is  esteemed  among  his  acquaint- 
ances. 


E.  S.  EARLY 


Few  lines  of  business  require  the  delicate  care  in  management, 
and  few  men  ever  become  more  successful  than  E.  S.  Early,  who 
stands  foremost  among  the  undertakers  of  Philadelphia.  Mr.  Earlv 
is  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  but  came  to  this  city  in  1829  when  quite 
a  lad.  He  showed  a  preference  for  the  undertaking  business,  and 
it  was  not  long  before  he  demonstrated  his  fitness  for  that 
calling.  His  instructors  were  Samuel  Favettc  and  David  Bowers, 
who  were  among  the  leading  undertakers  in  their  days.  After 
having  gained  a  thorough  knowledge  of  undertaking  in  all  its 
branches,  first  as  an  apprentice  and  later  as  a  journeyman,  Mr. 
Early,  in  184=5,  began  business  for  himself,  and  by  close  application 
to  his  duties,  his  many  gentle  acts  of  kindness  and  his  proficiency, 


he  quickly  ranked  among  the  leading  undertakers  of  the  city,  a 
position  he  has  never  lost.  Mr.  Early  was  the  originator  and  in- 
ventor of  the  casket,  which  he  first  placed  in  use  in  1863.  Its  in- 
troduction was  warmly  praised  at  the  time  bv  the  leading  news- 
papers of  the  country,  and  was  generally  considered  an  important 
innovation  for  burial  purposes.  He  has  also  had  charge  and  as- 
sisted at  the  funerals  of  some  of  the  greatest  men  of  the  dav,  in- 
cluding that  of  President  Lincoln,  Bishop  Simpson  and  General 
Grant,  assisting  at  the  latter  by  special  request.  Mr.  Earlv  organ- 
ized the  State  Undertakers'  Association,  and  was  its  first  president. 
Although  now  in  his  sixty-ninth  year  Mr.  Early  possesses  the  ap- 
pearance of  a  much  younger  man,  and  is  as  energetic  and  healthful 
as  the  majority  of  men  at  fifty.  He  was  married  in  1S44  and  has 
five  living  children,  one  of  the  daughters  being  married  to  Dr. 
Hancock,  of  this  city. 


SAMUEL  P.  FRANKENFIELD 

Samuel  P.  Frankenfield  is  a  well-known  undertaker  of  West 
Philadelphia,  wdio  carries  on  a  large  business  at  the  corner  of  Fiftv- 
third  and  Vine  streets.  Mr.  Frankenfield  was  born  in  Doylestown, 
Bucks  County,  Pa.,  on  October  8,  1826.  He  was  educated  at  the 
public  schools  and  worked  on  a  farm  until  he  was  18  vears  of  age. 
Then  he  served  as  an  apprentice  to  a  cabinetmaker  until  he  reached 
his  majority.  In  March,  184S,  he  came  to  Philadelphia  and  worked 
at  the  carpenter's  trade  until  1853.  He  travelled  on  journcv  work 
in  1834.  then  he  went  into  business  as  an  undertaker,  succeeding  to 
that  of  Evan  Lewis,  who  had  established  it  in  1N40. 

Mr.  Fraukenfield's  first  funeral  was  March  18,  1S46,  and  as  soon 
as  he  went  exclusively  into  the  business  he  achieved  immediate 
success.  He  married  in  1833  the  daughter  of  David  H.  Goncher.  a 
builder,  and  has  had  ten  children.  In  connection  with  his  father- 
in-law  he  embarked  in  the  building  business,  and  among  the  edifices 
he  has  helped  to  erect  arc  the  first  public  school  building  in  West 
Philadelphia,  the  Blocklcy  Baptist  Church.  West  Philadelphia,  and 
the  Monroe  Engine  House  at  Hestonvillc.  Besides  being  a  car- 
penter, builder  and  undertaker  Mr.  Frankenfield  is  a  thorough 
musician.  He  was  the  leader  of  the  first  cornet  baud  that  was  ever 
organized  in  Philadelphia,  and  is  familiar  with,  and  can  plav  auv  of 
the  instruments  used  in  a  well-regulated  band.  For  many  years  he 
had  charge  of  the  music  at  Blocklcy  Baptist  Church.  His  musical 
talents  have  earned  him  many  valuable  testimonials,  of  which  he  is 
justly  proud.  Mr.  Fraukenfield's  career  is  one  that  can  be  held  up 
as  an  example  to  the  rising  young  men  of  the  country.  From  a 
verv  humble  commencement  as  .1  farm  hand  he  has  risen  to  be  a 
wealthy  citizen,  an  expert  builder,  and  a  clever  musician. 


THOMAS   GRAHAM    &    SON 

Among  the  leading  and  most  popular  funeral  furnishers  in  the 
city  is  the  firm  of  Thomas  Graham  &  Son,  who  carry  on  business 
at  No.  1123  Lombard  street.  For  over  thirty  years  the  founder  of 
the  firm  has  engaged  in  business  in  the  city  and  by  energy  and 
pluck  he  has  arrived  at  that  milestone  on  the  road  to  prosperity 
which  assures  success. 

Thomas  Graham  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1S17,  anil  when  only  a 
baby  was  brought  to  this  country.  He  was  educated  in  the  schools 
of  Philadelphia,  and  served  a  seven  years'  apprenticeship  as  a 
cabinet-maker  to  Thomas  Cook,  of  Cook  &  Parkins,  and  afterwards 
worked  for  the  same  firm  as  a  journeyman.  In  1837  young 
Graham  went  to  Virginia  and  after  four  years  of  travel,  during 
which  he  gained  valuable  experience,  he  returned  to  Philadelphia 
in  1841.  After  working  at  various  trades  and  accumulating  a 
good  knowledge  of  business  and  of  the  world,  Mr.  Graham  in  1862 
started  in  the  business  of  an  undertaker  at  No.  31S  South  Twelfth 
street  where  he  prospered  and  acquired  such  a  business  that  he 
had  to  seek  more  spacious  premises  at  No.  1123  Lombard  street. 
Thomas  K.  Graham,  his  only  sou,  served  his  time  under  the  super- 
vision of  his  father,  and  evinced  such  an  aptitude  for  the  business 
that  in  [886  he  was  taken  into  partnership  and  the  style  of  the  firm 
was  announced  as  Thomas  Graham  &  Son. 

The  firm  is  well  known  as  furnishing  the  most  perfectly  ap- 
pointed funerals.  Many  of  Philadelphia's  most  honored  citizens 
have  been  laid  at  rest  by  Messrs.  Graham  &  Sou.  Both  father  and 
sou  are  members  of  various  lodges  and  societies  among  them  being 
Oild  Fellows'  Lodge,  Crystal  Fount,  No.no;  Ashland  Encamp- 
ment, No.  45.  Mr.  Thomas  Graham  is  a  worthy  member  of  the 
Masonic  fraternity,  having  been  initiated  in  the  Oriental  Lodge 
No.  289,  and  the  Palestiue'Chaptcr.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the 
Knights  of  Pvthias  No.  S6,  and  the  Crusaders'  Lodge. 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHILADELPHIANS. 


"  And  all  that  beauty,  all  that  wealth  e'er  gave, 
"Await  alike  the  inevitable  hour ; 


J.  LEWIS  GOOD 

J.  Lewis  Good  was  born  February  4,  1853,  and  he  learned  his 
business  most  thoroughly  under  the  able  tuition  of  his  father  who 
died  in  1877.  Mr.  Good,  senior,  was  one  of  Philadelpnia's  most 
prominent  undertakers.  He  was  the  inventor  of  the  cold  air  pre- 
server for  preserving  bodies  without  the  direct  application  of  ice,  for 
which  he  was  granted  letters  patent  in  1S43,  as  well  as  honorable 
mention  from  the  Franklin  Institute  in  1845.  He  also  introduced 
the  style  of  casket  now  in  general  use,  coffins  having  been  univers- 
ally used  before.  He  was  a  pioneer  in  practical  embalming.  During 
the  war  he  was  present  on  many  battlefields,  and  embalmed  the 
remains  of  soldiers  to  bring  them  home  for  interment. 

On  the  death  of  his  father,  J.  Lewis  Good  purchased  the  full 
interest  of  the  business  from  his  brothers  and  sisters,  and  has  gradu- 
allv  acquired  his  present  prosperous  business.  During  the  coroner- 
ship  of  Thomas  J.  Powers,  Mr.  Good  was  appointed  as  the  Coroner's 
private  undertaker,  and  he  has  filled  that  position  up  to  the  present 
time.  Mr.  Good  has  been  prominent  in  military  circles  for  many 
years.  In  187 1  lie  joined  Company  B,  First  Regiment,  National 
Guard,  as  a  private,  he  quickly  arose  to  the  rank  of  Sergeant,  then 
Quartermaster  Sergeant,  and  then  Lieutenant.  During  the  Pitts- 
burg riots  he  was  in  command  of  Company  C,  and  for  his  bravery 
was  promoted  to  be  Captain,  and  subsequently  became  Major,  which 
rank  he  now  holds.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of 
the  Young  Republican  Club  and  a  Major  of  the  Campaign  Club. 
He  is  also  Secrctarv  of  the  Eighth  Section  School  Board  and  a 
member  of  the  Philadelphia  Board  of  Health.  He  belongs  to  the 
Masonic  Lodge,  Philo,  No.  444;  Spring  Garden  Lodge,  No.  4, 
Knights  of  Birmingham  ;  the  Improved  Order  of  Red  Men,  and 
the  Benevolent  Order  of  Elks.  Mr.  Good  married  when  he  was 
tweiitv-oue  years  old,  and  has  two  children.  He  has  a  summer 
residence  at  Llanwellyn,  Delaware  county,  and  has  been  a  constant 
attendant  at  St.  Andrew's  Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  on  Eighth 
street  above  Spruce. 

Among  the  prominent  people  that  have  been  buried  by  father 
and  son  are  Major  General  Smith.  Lieutenant  (treble.  Judge  Asa 
Packer,  and  Rear  Admiral  O.  S.  Glisson,  L".  S.  Navy.  They  also 
assisted  at  the  obsequies  of  Henry  Clay,  General  lieorge  Gordon 
Meade,  and  Colonel  Baker  of  the  California  Regiment. 


JOHN  MORROW  HALL 

Head  of  the  firm  of  John  M.  Hall  &  Co.,  general  furnishing 
undertakers,  1728  Fairmount  avenue,  Philadelphia,  was  born  at 
Windham,  Rockingham  county,  New  Hampshire.  March  10,  1S18. 
His  father  was  a  carpenter  and  cabinet-maker  and  in  his  shop  he 
learned  his  trade,  mastering  it  in  everv  detail.  Leaving  home,  he 
went  to  Boston,  Massachusetts,  in  iSj.o,  where  he  gained  still  further 
knowledge  in  the  business  he  chose  for  a  livelihood.  He  re- 
mained in  Boston  until  1843,  and  then  making  a  long  trip  through 
the  Southern  and  Western  States  he  decided  to  locate  in  Philadel- 
phia. In  March,  1845,  Mr.  Hall  having  concluded  that  undertak- 
ing was  the  business  best  suited  to  his  abilities,  he  entered  the  em- 
ploy of  William  Hill  Moore,  the  well  known  funeral  director,  re- 
maining with  him  until  February,  1S57.  Then  he  associated  him- 
self with  Washington  Yates  at  1313  Vine  street  :  this  connection 
concluded  by  Mr.  Hall  purchasing  the  business  and  assuming  the 
entire  control.  Mr.  Hall  continued  the  business  at  1313  Vine  street 
until  1863,  when  ill-health  compelled  a  temporary  retirement  from 
active  work.  He  remained  away  from  Philadelphia  seeking  abso- 
lute rest  for  two  years,  when  in  1S65  he  returned  and  resumed  the 
management  of  his  business,  establishing  himself  at  72S  Fairmount 
avenue.  The  junior  partner  of  the  firm  of  John  M.  Hall  &  Co.,  is 
Mr.  A.  R.  Crissie.  Both  gentlemen  are  fully  capable  of  fulfilling 
all  the  requirements  of  their  calling  and  they  have  in  their  employ- 
ment people  skilled  in  all  the  various  branches.  Thev  use  the  very 
latest  appliances  of  the  funeral  director,  and  supply  everything  re- 
quired for  interments.  In  the  manufacture  of  caskets  and  coffins, 
particular  care  is  given  to  the  selection  of  the  most  durable  woods, 
and  in  the  selection  of  draperies,  plates  and  handles,  good  taste  is 
always  exhibited. 


LUTHER  P.  KELLER 

Among  the  oldest  and  most  representative  firms  of  undertakers 
in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  is  Luther  P.  Keller,  who  has  carried  on 
business  at  Nos.  713  and  715  Green  street  since  18S2.  Mr.  Keller 
comes  from  a  fine  old  Lutheran  stock,  and  his  business  has  been  car- 
ried on  almost  exclusively  under  that  patronage.     He  was  born 


Julv  15,  1S39,  and  is  a  son  of  Adam  Keller,  who  established  the 
business  in  1835  on  Fifth  street  above  Race,  and  who  was  one  of 
the  oldest  undertakers  in  the  city.  In  1847  Mr.  Adam  Keller  re- 
moved to  No.  227  North  Ninth  street,  and  to  the  present  location 
in  18S2.  Adam  Keller  was  sexton  and  superintendent  of  the  ceme- 
tery connected  with  the  old  St.  John's  Lutheran  Church  at  Sixth 
and  Race  streets.  He  was  founder  of  the  Sunday-school  in  the 
church  when  only  twenty-one  years  of  age.  His  family  had  been 
prominent  members  of  the  church  since  its  foundation  in  1808.  All 
of  Adam  Keller's  sons  have  taken  prominent  places  in  the  world 
and  occupy  honorable  and  important  positions.  Peter  A.  Keller, 
who  died  in  Paris  in  1890,  was  the  founder  and  first  President  of  the 
Independence  Bank  of  Philadelphia  ;  Adam  is  Cashier  of  the  Car- 
lisle Deposit  Bank,  at  Carlisle,  Pa.  ;  George  A.  is  Rector  of  old  St. 
David's  Church,  near  Wayne,  and  Luther  P.  Keller,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch,  has  devoted  himself  from  the  early  age  of  sixteen  years 
to  the  business  of  the  family.  In  1S63  he  was  admitted  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  firm  of  Adam  Keller  &Son,  and  he  worked  hard  and  con- 
scientiously to  consolidate  the  prosperous  connection  brought 
together  by  the  energy  of  his  father.  In  1877  Luther  P.  was  left  to 
carry  on  the  business  alone,  and  he  changed  the  firm's  name  to  his 
own,  and  has  steadily  prospered  and  acquired  reputation  and  suc- 
cess. 

During  the  long  period  that  elapsed  during  which  the  Keller 
family  have  acted  as  undertakers  for  the  population  of  this  city,  manv 
prominent  and  respected  citizens  have  been  laid  to  rest  by  them, 
among  them  being  the  Rev.  P.  F.  Mayer,  D.  D.,  for  fifty-two  years 
pastor  of  St.  John's  Lutheran  Church  ;  the  Rev.  C.  P.  Krauth,  LL.  D., 
Vice-Provost  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  and  Norton  Pro- 
fessor of  the  Theological  Seminary  ;  the  Rev.  Theophilus  Stork,  D. 
D.  ;  Charles  F.  Schaeffer,  Professor  of  Theology  at  the  Lutheran 
Theological  Seminary ;  the  Rev.  Father  Heyer.  a  well-known 
Indian  missionary  :  Ex-Mayor  Daniel  M.  Fox;  Edwin  M.Lewis, 
President  of  the  Farmers'  and  Mechanics'  Bank  ;  his  brother,  S. 
Weir  Lewis  ;  William  L.  Schaeffer.  President  of  the  Girard  Bank  : 
Joseph  Jones,  President  of  the  Commercial  Bank:  General  Henry 
Bohlen  ;  T.  S.  Arthur;  Col.  James  Reeside.  United  States  Mail 
Contractor,  and  Squire  John  Goodman,  of  the  old  Northern  Liberties. 
The  firm  have  111  many  families  attended  to  the  funerals  of  five 
generations.  Luther  P.  Keller  stands  in  the  foremost  rank  of  the 
Lutherans  of  Philadelphia,  and  is  a  noble  specimen  of  that  solid 
German  stock  which  has  done  so  much  to  consolidate  and 
strengthen  the  foundations  of  the  Ouaker  City. 


S.  LINDLEY  KUTTER 

S.  Lindley  Rutter,  the  well  known  funeral  director  of  the 
northwest  corner  of  Fortieth  and  Wallace  streets,  West  Philadel- 
phia, was  born  in  the  old  Southwark  district,  on  August  9,  iS6r. 
He  is  the  youngest  of  seven  children.  His  father  was  Samuel  Potts 
Rutter.  who  was  a  well  known  financier,  ami  was  connected  with 
the  Farmers'  and  Mechanics'  Bank  for  nearly  half  a  century.  He 
was  born  in  1S13,  ami  died  in  1S86  in  this  city.  During  his  long 
career  at  the  bank,  all  the  collaterals  being  in  his  special  charge,  he 
won  the  confidence,  respect  and  esteem  of  all  the  patrons  of  the 
bank.  The  mother  of  S.  Lindley  Rutter  was  the  daughter  of 
Isaac  B.  Baxter,  who  established  the  well  known  hardware  store, 
one  of  the  oldest  in  the  city,  located  in  Southwark.  She  died  in 
1S89.  S.  Lindley  Rutter  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
Philadelphia,  and  when  fifteen  years  of  age  he  was  apprenticed  to 
the  undertaking  business.  He  served  in  this  capacity  seven  years, 
his  employer  being  one  of  the  best  known  funeral  directors  of  Phila- 
delphia. He  quickly  displayed  natural  qualifications  for  the  busi- 
ness, and  showed  that  he  fully  understood  its  requirements.  He 
established  himself  in  business  in  18S6.  In  religion  he  is  an  Epis- 
copalian, and  is  influentially  and  prominently  connected  with  the 
old  Trinity  Church  of  Southwark.  His  establishment  at  Fortieth 
and  Wallace  streets,  is  supplied  with  all  modern  appliances  in  his 
line  of  business,  and  is  tastefully  fitted  up.  He  personally  super- 
intends as  far  as  possible  all  funerals  given  in  his  charge.  He  has 
arrangements  by  which  he  can  secure  interments  in  any  of  the 
city  or  suburban  cemeteries.  Mr.  Rutter  is  a  gentleman  whose 
characteristics  enable  him  to  quickly  make  and  long  retain  friends. 
Few  people  are  aware  of  the  exacting  nature  of  the  business  of  the 
undertaker.  It  can  be  said  of  Mr.  Rutter  that  one  of  his  chief 
qualities  is  that  he  never  delays.  At  the  cemeteries  his  assistants 
personally  see  that  everything  is  in  complete  readiness. 

Boards  or  strips  of  carpets  are  laid,  canopies  erected  and  every 
precaution  taken  to  prevent  exposure.  Careful  aud  reasonable, 
Mr.  Rutter  has  won  the  respect  and  confidence  of  the  community 
in  which  he  resides. 


2S7 


PHILADELPHIA  AND  POPULAR  PHI  LA  DELPHI ANS. 


"  The  paths  of  glory  lead  but  to  the  grave." 


ROBERT  TOWN 

Mr.  Town  was  born  in  this  city  November  19,  1S19,  and  was 
educated  in  the  public  schools.  His  father,  Benjamin  Town,  was 
a  manufacturer  of  fancy  chairs,  and  Robert  was  taken  into  partner- 
ship bv  his  father  in  1S40.  In  1S4S  the  undertaking  business  was 
founded,  and  in  1849,  when  his  father  died,  young  Robert  gave  up 
the  manufacturing  of  fancy  chairs  and  devoted  his  whole  time  and 
attention  to  the  funeral  furnishing  business.  Mr.  Town  has  always 
been  identified  with  the  West  Arch  Street  Presbyterian  Church. 
He  has  served  on  most  of  the  various  committees  and  has  transacted 
a  considerable  portion  of  the  church  business.  But  he  has  not 
confined  his  business  to  any  particular  sect  or  denomination. 

His  business  has  gradually  developed  until  it  is  now  a  very 
extensive  one,  and  rich  and  poor  alike  come  to  him.  Mr.  Town  is 
noted  for  his  kindness  of  heart,  and  his  benefactions  are  numerous. 
Time  and  again  he  has  opened  his  purse  and  contributed  to  the 
necessities  of  poor  families  in  the  time  of  affliction.  Mr.  Town  has 
three  sons,  one  assists  him  in  his  business,  one  is  a  prosperous 
undertaker  in  West  Philadelphia,  and  another  is  an  examining 
physician  and  surgeon  for  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  at  Broad  Street 
Station.  Mr.  Town  has  never  taken  part  in  public  affairs,  although 
from  his  popularity  and  well-known  integrity,  he  has  many  times 
been  solicited  to  allow  his  name  to  be  used  as  a  candidate  for  some 
public  office  in  the  city.  He  has  contented  himself  with  the  de- 
velopment and  consolidation  of  the  business  which  he  founded  in 
1S4S  and  maintained  bv  his  own  personal  supervision,  his  invari- 
able affabilitv  and  honesty.  Mr.  Town  is  a  member  of  the  Odd 
Fellows,  being  one  of  the  leaders  of  the  West  End  Lodge,  No.  355. 
Unassuming,  quiet  and  industrious,  he  is  an  example  of  those 
energetic,  hard-working  citizens  that  have  done  so  much  to  develop 
and  enrich  the  Ouaker  City. 


CLEMENT  A.  WOODNUTT 

Prominent  among  the  Friends  who  have  formed  so  great  a  por- 
tion of  the  history  of  the  Quaker  City  is  Undertaker  Clement  A. 
Woodnutt,  who  conducts  his  business  at  No.  1226  North  Fifteenth 
street.  Mr.  Woodnutt  was  born  on  July  2S,  1851,  in  Salem  countv, 
New  Jersev.  He  was  educated  in  the  Friends'  school,  which,  like 
all  farmer's  sons,  he  only  attended  four  months  each  year,  and  be- 
gan life  as  a  farmer,  afterwards  working  in  a  grocery  store.  In  the 
year  1S71  young  Woodnutt  wanted  a  larger  field  for  his  ambition, 
and  he  came  to  Philadelphia  and  obtained  a  position  in  a  store  in 
Germantown.  In  1883  was  employed  by  Furman  &  Shaw,  in  a 
hardware  store,  and  after  five  years'  service,  having  become  very 
popular  among  the  Friends  by  his  affability  and  push,  he  began 
the  undertaking  business  and  has  succeeded  beyond  his  most  san- 
guine expectations. 

He  started  business  above  Girard  avenue,  and  finally  located  on 
Fifteenth  street,  where  he  now  is.  Mr.  Woodnutt  is  a  member  of 
the  Society  of  Friends,  of  the  Hicksite  branch  of  the  sect,  and  he 
is  a  trustee  of  the  Friends'  establishment  at  Fifteenth  and  Race 
streets.  He  is  prominent  in  all  the  meetings  of  the  sect,  and  his 
opinion  is  always  asked  for  and  respected.  In  politics  he  is  a 
staunch  Republican,  and  he  is  a  true  Mason,  being  a  member  of 
the  Philadelphia  Lodge.  No.  72,  and  Jerusalem  Chapter,  No.  3. 
He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Undertakers'  Association,  besides  being 
active  on  all  the  more  important  committees.  During  his  career 
as  an  undertaker  Mr.  Woodnutt  has  officiated  at  the  burial  of  many 
prominent  Friends  and  officials  of  the  city  ;  the  more  important 
being  Bessie  Mcintosh,  who,  three  years  ago,  was  found  dead  at 
Point  Breeze,  and  whose  case  was  the  cause  of  much  dissension  at 
the  time.    She  was  the  daughter  of  the  editor  of  Scribners'  Monthly. 

Remains  arc  prepared  for  burial  and  bodies  embalmed  at  any 
hour  in  the  most  expeditious  and  superior  manner,  and  interments 
are  procured  in  any  of  the  suburban  cemeteries.  Mr.  Woodnutt  is 
a  gentleman  of  courteous  manner  and  highest  personal  integrity, 
as  well  as  thoroughlv  experienced  in  every  feature  and  detail  per- 
taining to  the  undertaker's  profession. 


VETERINARY    SURGEON 


FRANCIS    BRIDGE 

One  of  the  most  prominent  and  popular  veterinary  surgeons  is 
Francis  Bridge,  State  Veterinary  Surgeon,  who  carries  on  a  pros- 
perous busiuess  at  No.  22S  North  Fifty-third  street,  West  Phila- 
delphia. Mr.  Bridge  was  born  at  Denton,  near  Manchester,  Eng- 
land, on  May  13,  1836.  His  school  life  ended  at  the  early  age  of 
fourteen,  and  he  began  his  business  career  as  assistant  to  a  veterin- 
ary surgeon.  But,  his  father  objecting  to  the  profession,  at  the  age 
of  tweutv  he  started  as  a  commercial  traveler  and  continued  in 
that  business  for  four  years.  He  came  to  America  in  1864  and  em- 
barked in  the  cotton  business  on  Front  street,  Philadelphia,  in 
which  he  remained  until  1S70.  Then  he  went  into  partnership 
with  Mr.  Bennett,  under  the  name  of  Bridge  &  Bennett,  and  started 
a  flour  and  feed  business  and  a  livery  stable.  The  firm  owned 
manv  horses  and  his  knowledge  as  a  veterinarian  came  in  useful. 
He  soon  became  disgusted  with  the  manner  in  which  horses  were 
treated,  and  he  determined  to  return  to  England  and  complete  his 


studies  as  a  veterinary  surgeon.     He  returned  to  this  city  in  1872, 
and  at  once  went  into  the  active  practice  of  his  profession. 

He  was  a  pupil  of  Professor  Bunnell  of  England,  and  passed 
his  examinations  as  a  graduate  of  the  Royal  Veterinary  College. 
In  1879  a  meeting  of  the  Agricultural  Board  of  Philadelphia  was 
called  to  consider  the  diseases  of  cattle  in  the  State,  and  to  devise 
special  means  for  the  extirpation  of  pleuro-pneumonia.  Mr. 
Bridge  proved  more  familiar  with  the  subject  than  any  one  present, 
and  lie  was  appointed  veterinary  surgeon  for  the  counties  of  Phila- 
delphia and  Delaware.  In  this  position  he  proved  himself  a  super- 
ior diagnosian  and  he  was  soon  appointed  State  Veterinary  Sur- 
geon, which  office  he  has  held  with  honor  to  himself  and  satisfac- 
tion to  all  concerned.  He  is  considered  a  high  authority  in  the 
treatment  of  diseases  of  horses  and  cattle,  and  his  practice  has 
grown  to  large  proportions.  He  is  associated  in  the  business  with 
his  son,  Frank,  who  is  also  an  expert  veterinarian.  Both  gentle- 
men are  highly  esteemed  by  every  member  of  the  profession,  and 
they  are  looked  up  to  as  honorable  and  prosperous  citizens. 


2S8 


INDEX 


GENERA!  SUBJECTS. 

Banks  and  Trust  Companies 65 

Brewing  and  Distilling 232-236 

Commerce 195 

Insurance 84 

Journalism  in  Philadelphia 285 

Manufactures       ........     101 

Medical  Schools  and  Colleges  .        .        .250 

Railroads 239.  24° 

Real  Estate.  Architects,  etc 221 

Shipbuilding 237,  23S 

The  City  of  Philadelphia 5 

The  City  Government  and  Departments        .        .        7 

The  Supreme  Bench 31 

The  Philadelphia  Bar 32 

ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Benjamin  Rush 

Frontispiece.  Statue  of  William  Penn 
Hahnemann  Medical  College  . 
Independence  Hall      .... 
Manufacturers'  Cluh 

Rohert  Morris 

Stephen  Girard 

The  Betz  Building      .... 
The  Philadelphia  Newspapers 
The  Public  Building  .... 
University  of  Pennsylvania 
William  Rawle    .... 
William  Tilghmau      .... 


ALLEGORICAL  DESIGNS. 


Architecture 

Commerce 

Executive 

Finance 

History 

Insurance 

Justice  . 

Manufactur 

Medicine 


PORTRAITS  OF  OFFICIALS. 


Beasley,  C.  Oscar 
Devlin,  Edward  A. 
Disston,  Hamiltoni 
Gill,  William  B. 
McMichael,  Charles  B. 


,  Boi. 


Porter,  Charles  A. 
Ridgway,  John  J. 
Shotwell,  Alonzo 
Smedley,  Samuel  L. 
Stuart,  Edwin  S. 
Taylor,  John 
Walton,  Henry  F. 
Windrim,  James  H. 


PORTRAITS  OF  BENCH  AND  BAR. 


Alexander,  Robert 
Beasley,  C.  Oscar 
Beck,  James  M.    . 
Brewster,  F.  Carroll 
Bright,  O.  Percy  . 
Bullitt,  John  C.    . 
Dechert,  Henry  M. 
Dechert,  Robert  P. 
Etting,  Theodore  M. 


Gazzam,  Joseph  M 

Howson ,  Henry 

Huey,  Samuel  B 

Keator,  John  F 

McCullen,  Joseph  P 

McKeehan,  Charles  Watson     .... 
McMichael,  Charles  B.       ... 

Morrell,  Edward  de  V 

Paul,  James  W.    .  

Penrose,  Boies 

Porter,  William  W.  .... 

Ridgway,  John  J 

Ryan,  Michael  J 

Scott,  Henry  James 

Terry,  Henry  C.  .... 

Veale,  Moses        ...  ... 

Walton,  Henry  F 

j  Weigley,  William  W 

PORTRAITS  OF  PHYSICIANS. 

j  Brinton,  Lewis 

Brown,  C.  H. 

Brown,  William  K. 

Ford,  William  H. 

Fox,  L.  Webster 
I  Gilbert,  Irwin  11. 

Hancock, Joseph 
,  James,  Bushrod  W. 

Keim,  William  H. 

Mansfield,  Robert  J. 

Neidhard.C. 

Warder,  W.  H.      . 

Yarrow,  Thomas  J. 


PORTRAITS  OF  BUSINESS  MEN 

Allison,  W.  C. 
Bailey,  John  T 
Bartol,  George 
Betz,  John  F. 
Brooke,  Francis  M 
Caldwell,  J.  E. 
Church,  William  A 
Clothier,  Isaac  H. 
Cramp,  Charles  H. 
Cramp,  William 
Deacon,  Charles  R. 
Disston,  Hamilton 
Disston,  Henry 
Elkins,  William  L. 
Elliot,  A.  G. 
Ellison,  John  B.  . 
Filbert,  L.  S. 
Fitler,  Edwin  H. 
Foster,  Albert 
Foulkrod,  William  W 
Franklin,  Benjamin 
Gibbs,  William  W. 
Gill,  William  B. 
Hall,  Augustus  R. 
Hancock,  Clinton  G 
Harrison,  George  L. 
Hastings,  William  I 
Herzog,  George   . 
Hood,  Thomas  G. 
Horr,  R.  C.    . 
Hulburt,  Chauucey 
Jayne,  David,  M.  D. 
Johnson,  Charles  Eueu 


Jones,  Daniel 
Keen,  Edwin  F. 
Keen.  Frank  A.    . 
Keim,  George  de  B. 
Knight,  Edward  C. 
McCallum,  Hugh 
M'Leester,  Alexander 
McLeod,  Archibald  A 
McMichael,  Clayton 
Miller,  Arthur      . 
Miller,  George 
Mitchell,  J.  B. 
Moore,  James      . 
MUller,  George    . 
Nichols,  Henry  K. 
Nixon,  Martin 
Odenheimer,  Frank  G 
Ostheimer,  Maurice 
Porter,  Charles  A. 
Reisser,  Charles  H. 
Roney,  C.  Henry 
Rorke,  Allen  B.    . 
Sartain.  John 
Sheppard,  Isaac  A. 
Shotwell,  Alonzo 
Sloan,  A.  J.  . 
Steele,  Joseph 
Strawbridge,  Justus  C. 
Sttiart,  Edwin  S. 
Sutter.  Daniel 
Taylor,  William  R. 
Widener,  Peter  A.  B 
Wright,  Earnest  A. 

ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  BANKS  AND  TRUST 
COMPANIES. 

Bank  of  North  America    . 
Chestnut  Street  National  Bank 
Consolidation  National  Bank 
Drexel  &  Co.'s  Building    . 
First  National  Bank  . 
Girard  National  Bank 
Market  Street  National  Bank  . 
Mechanics'  National  Bank 
National  Bank  of  the  Republic 
The  Philadelphia  National  Bank 
Provident  Life  and  Trust  Compa 

phia 

Security  Trust  Company  of  Philadelpr 

The  Commonwealth  Title  Insurance  and  Trus 

Company 

The  Guarantee  Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Compan; 
The  Land  Title  and  Trust  Company       ...      80 
The  Pennsylvania  Company  for  Insurances  on 

Lives  and  Granting  Annuities        ....    92 

The  I'nion  Trust  Company 79 

The  Philadelphia  Warehouse  Company  .        .    82 

Iron  Hall  Temple  24S 

ILLUSTRATIONS    OF    INSURANCE    COM- 
PANIES. 


Philadel 


American  Fire  Insurance  Co 

Franklin  Fire  Insurance  Co 

Manhattan  Life  Insurance  Co. 
Pennsylvania  Fire  Insurance  Co.    . 
Provident  Life  and  Trust  Co.  of  Philadelphi 
The  Delaware  Fire  Insurance  Co.   . 


2S 


INDEX 


50. 151 
185 


PAGE  ' 

The  New  York  Life  Insurance  Co.  (N.  Y.  | 
The  Penn  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co.     . 
The  Pennsylvania  Company  for  Insurances 

and  Granting  Annuities 
The  Spring  Garden  Fire  Insurance  Co. 

ILLUSTRATIONS    OF    MANUFACTORIES, 

Etc. 

Baeder,  Adainson  Co.'s  Works 

Baldwin  Locomotive  Works     . 

Barr  Pumping  Engine  Works 

Bell  Telephone  Co.'s  Building 

Belknap,  Johnson  &  Powell's  Manufactory 

Bement,  Miles  &  Co.'s  Works 

Berry  &  Orton  Co.'s  Works       .... 

Betz,  John  F.  &  Son,  (Limited),  Brewery 

Blessing's,  C.  A.,  Works 

Bovver,  John,  Co.'s  Packing  House 
Brill,  J.  G.,  Co.'s  Car  Works 
Campbell,  George.  Co.'s  Works 
Chipman.  Charles,  &  Sons.  Factory 

Continental  Hotel 

Darby,  Edward,  &.  Sous  Manufactory  . 
Germantown  Spinning  Company's  Mill 
Gibsonton  Distillery  (Moore  &  Sinnott) 
Girard  Point  Storage  Company's  Grain  Kleval 

and  Petroleum  Wharves 
Griswold  Worsted  Mill      . 
Gutekunst,  F.,  Studio 
Hall  &  Carpenter's  Warehouse 
Hance  Brothers  &  White's  Manufactory 
Harrison  Bro.'s  &  Company's  offices      . 
Harrison  Bro.'s  it  Company's  Works 
Hoopes  &  Townsend  Works    .... 
Justi's,  H.  D.,  Works 
Lewis,  John  T  ,  Brother  &  Co.'s  Works 
Lukens  &  Whittiugton's  Manufactory  . 
Morse,  Williams  Co.'s  Elevator  Wi.rks 
Muhr,  It.,  &  Sous  Factory         .... 
Noble,  Charles  &  Co  's  Stove  Works 
Pennsylvania  Iron  Works  Company's  Works 
Pennsylvania  Steel  Co.'s  Works  (Steelton,  Pi 
Plumb's,  Fayette  R.,  Works 
Poth,  F.  A.,  Brewing  Company's  Brewery 
Powers  &  Weightmnn's  Laboratory 
Rex,  Alfred  C,  it  Co.'s  Works 
Schaum  A  fh  linger' s  Works    . 
Sellers.  William,  Co.'s  (Inc.)  Works 
The  Brush  Electric  Light  Co.'s  Plant      . 
The  Delaware  River  Chemical  Works  (Baugl 

Sons  Company) 

The  Philadelphia  Shafting  Works   (George 

Cresson 

The  S.  S.  White  Dental  Co.'s  Manufactory     . 
The  Un'ted  Gas  Improvement  Company  (Lo 

Apparatus) 

Thomas,  Roberts,  Stevenson  Co  s  Stovf:  Wor 
Tracy  Worsted  Mills  Company 

Walsh's,  Phil.  J.,  Stores 

White,  Hentz  &  Co.'s  Warehouses 
Wyeth,  John,  it  Brother's  Works    . 


The  Merchants'  Trust  Company 

The  Mutual  Banking  Surety,  Trust  and 

posit  Company 

The  Pennsylvania  Company  for  Insuran 

and  Granting  Annuities 
The  Philadelphia  National  Bank    . 
The  Philadelphia  Warehouse  Company 
The  L'nion  Trust  Company 


Iron  Hall,  Orde 


INSURANCE  COMPANIES. 


American  Fire 

Fraukliu  Fire  Insurance  Co 

Girard  Fire  Insurance  Co 

Manhattan  Life  Insurance  Co. 
Pennsylvania  Fire  Insurance  Co.    . 
Provident  Life  and  Trust  Co.  of  Philadelphia 
The  Delaware  Fire  Insurance  Co.    . 
The  Fidelity  Mutual  Life  Association   . 
The  New  York  Life  Insurance  Co. 
The  Penn  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co.     . 
The  Pennsylvania  Company  for  Insurances 

Lives  and  Granting  Annuities 
The  Spring  Garden  Fire  Insurance  Co. 

MANUFACTURERS. 


REVIEWS  OF  BANKS  AND  TRUST  COM- 
PANIES. 

Bank  of  North  America 66 

Chestnut  Street  National  Bank        ....  74 

Clarke,  E.  W.,  &  Co 77 

Consolidation  National  Bank           ....  69 

Corn  Exchange  National  Bank        ....  72 

Drexel  &  Co 76 

First  National  Bank 67 

Girard  National  Bank 70 

Manayunk  National  Bank 192 

Market  Street  National  Bank          ....  75 

Mechanic's  National  Bank 71 

National  Bank  of  the  Republic        ....  73 
Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company  of  Philadel- 
phia      96 

Security  Trust  Company  of  Philadelphia      .        .  77 
The  Commonwealth  Title  Insurance  and  Trust 

Company 78 

The  Guarautee  Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Company  81 

The  Guarantee  Company  of  North  America  77 

'he  Laud  Title  and  Trust  Company      ...  So 


Allison  Manufacturing  Co. 
American  Meter  Co.  . 
American  Pipe  Mauufacturin 
Anier.  William,  &  Co. 
Atlantic  Refining  Co. 
Baeder,  Adainson  &  Co.  . 
Bailey,  John  T.,  Co.  . 
Baldwin  Locomotive  Works 
Barr  Pumping  Engine  Compi 
Baugh  &  Sons  Company  . 
Belknap.  Johnson  &  Powell 
Bement,  Miles  it  Co. 
Berry  ifc  <  trtou  Co. 
Blatchley,  Charles  G. 
Blessing,  C.  A.  . 
Bower,  John,  &  Co.  . 
Brill.  J.  G.,  &  Co. 
Buck,  William  J..  Sons  &  Co. 
Butcher's,  Washington,  Sons 
Caldwell,  J.  E.,  &  Co. 
Campbell,  George,  it  Co.  . 
Carrick,  Thos.,  &  Co. 
Chipman,  Charles.  &  Sou 
Clinton,  E-,  &  Co. 
Cofroyd  &  Savior  (Inc.) 
Collins  &  McLeester  . 
Couover,  David  F  ,  &  Co. 
Cramp,  B.  H.,  &  Co.  . 
Cresson.  George  V. 
Crew,  Levick  &  Co.  . 
Darby,  Edward,  &  Sons  . 
Dingee.  James  E. 
Disston.  Henry,  X:  Sous 
Dolan,  Thomas,  &  Co. 
Eaveuson  &  Sons 
Elkins,  William  L.  . 
Elliot,  A.  G..  S:  Co.  . 
Emerald  Cotton  Mills 
Fitlcr,  Edwin  II.,  &  Co. 
Ford,  Kendig  &  Co.  . 
French,  Samuel  H.,  &  Co. 
Fulton,  Mahlon  &  Co. 
Germantown  Spinning  Comp 
Gibbs,  William  W.  . 
Gillingham,  Garrison  &  Co.  (I.ii 
Gossler  &  Co. 
Graham,  J.  C,  is:  Co. 
Greer,  Joseph 
Griswold  Worsted  Co.  1  Limited) 
Haines,  Jones  &  Cadbury  Compai 
Hance  Brothers  &  White  . 
Harrison  Brothers  it  Co.  , 
Heroy  &  Co.  ... 

Hoopes  .Si  Townsend 
Hughes  it  Patterson  . 
Jardiu  Brick  Co. 
Jayne,  Dr  D-,  it  Sou 


Jessup  &  Moore  Paper  Co. 

Johnson,  Charles  Eneu 

Justi,  D.  H 

\  Keebler-Weyl  Baking  Company 

Keen's,  Eli,  Sons         .... 

Keystone  Marble  Co. 

Knight,  E.  C,  it  Co.  ... 

Lewis,  John  T.,  Brothers  &  Co. 

Lockwood  Manufacturing  Co. 

Lukens  &  Whittiugton      . 

McCallum  &  Sloan      .... 

McKay  &  Kahler         .... 

McLeester,  Alexander 
I  McNaughton,  J.  C,  Co.      . 

Medlar.  A.  J.,  Co 

Melbourne  Mills  Company 
j  Miller,  George,  &  Son 

Moore,  James 

Morse,  Williams  &  Co.      . 

Muhr,  H.,  &  Sons       .... 

Nixon,  Martin  and  W.  H..  Paper  Co. 

Noble,  Charles,  it  Co. 

Oat,  Joseph,  &  Son     .... 

Partrick,  Carter  &  Co. 
I  Pennsylvania  Iron  Works  Co. 
■  Pennsylvania  Steel  Co. 
J  Penn  Lumber  Co 

Pennypacker,  W.  G 

Perkes,  Charles 

Perot,  Francis,  it  Sons  Malting  Co. 

Phillips,  Townsend  it  Co. 

Pilling  it  Madeley      .... 
!  Pittsburg  Testing  Laboratory  . 

Plumb,  Fayette  R 

Plumly,  George  W 

Pollock,  James 

Pottsville  Iron  and  Steel  Works      . 

Potter,  Thomas,  Sous  it  Co.     . 

Towers  it  Weightman 

Ouaker  City  Oil  Co 

Ramsey,  R.  H 

Remmey,  Richard  C.         .        .        . 

Rex.  Alfred  C,  it  Co. 

Rowland,  William  it  Harvey  . 

Sauquoit  Silk  Company 

Schaum  it  t'hliuger  .... 

Sellers,  William,  &  Co.  (Inc.)  . 

Sheppard,  L>aac  A.,  it  Co. 

Stambach  it  Love       .... 

Stepheus,  Armstrong  it  Conkling  . 

Stewart,  S.  S 

Smith.  Kline  it  French  Co. 
:  Taylor,  Robert  J.,  it  Son  . 

The  A.  M.  Collins  Manufacturing  Co. 

The  Belmont  Iron  Works 

The  Cambria  Iron  Co. 

The  Delaware  River  Chemical  Works 

The  Electro  Dynamic  Company 

The  Fletcher  Works   .... 
'  The  Franklin  Sugar  Refining  Co.    . 

The  Gloucester  Iron  Works 

The  Harnsou  Safety  Boiler  Works 

The  Hastings  Truss  Co.     . 

The  Horn,   Brannen  it   Forsvth  Manufactu 
Co.  (Inc.) 

The  John  B.  Stetson  Co.    . 

The  Mellor-Rittenhouse  Co.      . 

The  Perseverance  Wood  Working  Mill 
1  The  Philadelphia  Black  Lead  Crucible  Works 

The  Philadelphia  Shafting  Works 
i  ,  The  Philadelphia  Truss  Co.     . 
1    The  Phcenix  Bridge  Co.     . 
i    The  Phienix  Iron  Co. 
1  ,  The  Portland  Paving  Co.  . 
:  \  The  Reading  Rolling  Mills  Co. 
;  '  The  Rue  Manufacturing  Co.     . 
i  i  The  S.  S.  White  Dental  Manufactur 
1    The  Theodore  C.  KnaufT  Co.    . 

■  The  L'nited  Gas  Improvement  Co. 

■  The  Wilmington  Dental  Manufacturing  Co. 
I  1  The  Wilson  Biscuit  Co.      . 
1  :  Thomas,  Roberts,  Stevenson  Co. 
I    Tidewater  Oil  Co. 
1    Tracy  Worsted  Mills  Company 
I  j  Trymby,  Hunt  it  Co. 


INDEX 


Virginia  Lumber  Co. 
Vollmer,  G.,  &  Son    . 
Vulcanite  Paving  Co. 
Wampole,  H.  K.,  &  C 
Warren-Ehret  Co. 
Wharton,  William 
Whittaker,  Williai 
Wood,  Alan  Co. 
Wood,  R.  D.,&  Co 
Wyeth,  John,  &  Br 


Jr.,  & 
&  Cc 


MERCANTILE  HOUSES. 


Allen,  R.  J.,  &  Sons 202 

Bacon,  Josiah  M 217 

Bailey,  E.  H.,  &  Co. 210 

Bartol,  George  E.,  Company 205 

Belts,  Charles  M.,  &  Co 219 

Blakey  &  McClellan 207 

Bradley,  Thomas 206 

Brooke.  F.  M.  &  H 206 

Coates,  Joseph  H.,  &  Co 197 

Coleman  &  Brother 213 

Cunningham,  P.  J.,  &  Co 207 

Dearborn,  George  E. 209 

Dreer,  Henry  A.                   213 

Dutton,  William  D 212 

Ellison,  John  B.,  &  Sons 197 

Gillespie,  Zeller  &  Co 203 

Hall  &  Carpenter 202 

Harrington  &  Goodman 214 

Hood,  Foulkrod  &  Co 196 

Horr,  R.  C,  &  Co .        .  217 

Hughes  &  Muller 216 

Hulburt,  C,  &  Co 214 

Irvona  Coal  Company                 210 

Justice,  Philip  S.,  &  Co 200 

Knight,  J.  Stewart,  &  Co.          .        .                .        .  218 

Laudreth,  David,  &  Sons 2^4 

Lee,  Jesse,  it  Sons       .                                         .  21$ 

Lippincott,  Johnson  &  Co 200 

Love,  Alfred  H.,  &  Co 200 

McFadden  &  Co 217 

Mann.  E.  R.,  &  Co 212 

Mitchell,  James  E,  &  Co 203 

Mitchell  &  Meigs 217 

Munroe  Bros.  &  Co 205 

Ostheimer  Brothers 210 

Patterson,  Henry  C,  &  Co 219 

Perot,  Charles  P.,  &  Co 204 

Phillips,  T.  Bennett 213 

Reeves,  Parvin  it  Co. 204 

Sharpless  &  Watts 202 

Sites,  Wheeler  &  Co. 215 

Strawbridge  &  Clothier 19S,  199 

Sutter  &  Miller 211 

The  Benvind-White  Coal  Mining  Co.     .        .        .  20S 

Tucker,  Alfred,  &  Co 215 

Walsh,  Phil.  J 201 

Ware  &  Canby 205 

Warren-Ehret  Company 22S 

Wigtou,  R.  B.,  &  Sons 20S 

Willard,  E.  M 212 

Williams,  David,  E.  &  Co 214 

Williams,  Thomas,  Jr.,  &  Co 2S3 

Wright,  Tyndale  &  Van  Roden        .        .        .        .207 

Young,  Smyth,  Field  &  Co 197 

ACADEMIES  AND  SCHOOLS. 

Germantown  Academy 280 

Germantown  Business  College         .        .        .        .  2S1 

North  Broad  Street  Select  School    ....  2S0 

Philadelphia  Musical  Academy       .        .        .        .  2S1 

Philadelphia  University  of  Short  Hand        .        .  279 

ARCHITECTS 
Baker  &  Dallett  . 
Cope  &  Stewardson     . 
Decker,  W.  H.      . 
Duraug,  E.  F.      . 
Hazelhurst  &  Huckel 
Hewitt,  G.  W.  &  D.  W 
Huttou,  Addison 
Johnson,  Lindley 
Ord,  John     .       . 


Powell,  W.  B. 
Roney,  Henry  C. 
Varnell  &  Goforth 


Herzog,  Ge> 
Weisgerber 


rge  ( Decorator) 
Charles  H.      . 


BREWERS  AND  DISTILLERS. 
Betz,  John  F.,  &  Son  (Limited) 

Germania  Brewing  Co 

Poth,  F.  A.,  Brewing  Co 

Moore  &  Sinnott  (Gibsonton  Distillery) 

White,  Hentz  &  Co 

Young,  Alexander  Co 


CONTRACTORS  AND  BUILDERS. 

Ballinger.  R.  C,  &  Co 

Levering  &  Garrigues 

Rorke,  Allen  B 

Watson,  George 

DETECTIVE  AGENCY. 
Franklin,  Benjamin 


ENGINEERS. 


Brown  Brothers  &  Sims 226 

Brown,  Edward 226 

Levering  &  Garrigues 226 

Roberts,  Frank  C 226 

Roney,  C.  Henry 227 

ENGRAVERS  AND  PHOTOGRAPHERS. 

Blanc,  Albert 227 

Gutekunst,  Frederick 231 

Sartain.John 229 

Sartaiu,  Samuel 230 

Wright,  Ernest  A 230 

ELEVATORS. 
Girard    Point    Company's    Grain   Elevator  and 

Petroleum  Wharves 99 

ELECTRIC  COMPANIES. 
The  Brush  Electric  Light  Company  190,  191 

:  Electro  Dynamic  Company      ....  189 


MEDICAL   COLLEGES. 


THEATRES. 


Hahnemann  Medical  Colleg 
Jefferson  Medical  College 
The  University  of  Peuusvlv 


MERCANTILE  AGENCY. 

Dun.  R.  G.,  Co S3 

PATENT  AGENCY. 

Howson  &  Howson 61 

RAILROADS. 

The  Pennsylvania  Railroad 239 

The  Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad      .     240,  241 

REAL  ESTATE. 

Hancock,  George  W. 222 

McCann,  T.  H 222 

Truitt,  Charles  B.,  Jr 222 


The  Arch  Street 
The  Kensington 
The  Lyceum 


THE  PRESS. 


Journalism  in  Philadelphia 
The  North  American 


UNDERTAKERS. 


Attwood,  W.  N.,  &  Son 
Bringhurst,  R.  R. 
Bowen,  J.  Wesley 
Early,  E.  S.  .        .        . 

Frankenfield,  S.  P.     . 
Good,  J.  Lewis    . 
Graham,  Thomas,  &  Son 
Hall,  J.  Morrow  . 
Keller,  L.  P.  .        .        . 

Rutter,  S.  Lindley 
Town,  Robert 
Woodnutt,  Clement  A. 


287 
287 


RESTAURANTS. 


Reisser,  C.  H. 


SHIP  BUILDING  AND  ENGINE  WORKS. 

Cramp's,  William,  Sons 237,  23S 

STEAMSHIP  LINES. 


American  Steamship  Line 

Baltimore  and  Philadelphia  Steamship  Co. 

TELEPHONE  COMPANY. 
The  Bell  Telephone  Company 

15  I  The  Trades  League 


219 


VETERINARY  SURGEON. 


Woman's  Silk  Culture  Association 
BIOGRAPHY. 
Addicks,  William  H. 
Aldrich,  Herbert  E.,  M.  D. 
Alexander.  Robert 
Allen,  Joshua,  M.  D.  . 
Allen,  Joshua  G.,  M.  D. 
Allison,  William  C.  . 
Anders,  James  M.,  M.  D.  . 
Ashbridge,  Samuel  II. 
Ashhurst,  Richard  L. 
[  Atkinson,  William  I!.,  M.  D 
Barnes,  John  Hampton 
Barratt,  Xorris  S. 
Bartol,  George  E. 
Batt,  Wilmer  R..M.D. 
Bauer,  Lewis  G.,  M.  D. 
Beasley,  Charles  Oscar 
Beck,  James  M.  . 
Beeber,  Dimner  . 
Beitler,  Abraham  M. 
Beitler,  Lewis  Eugene 
Bell,  Frank  F.  .  .  . 
Bell,  John  Cromwell  . 
Booth,  James  R.  . 
Bosbyshell,  Oliver  C.  . 
Boyer,  Henry  K.  . 
Bradford,  Thomas  Hewson,  N 
Branson,  Mary,  M.  D. 
Brewster,  F.  Carroll  . 
Bright,  O.  Percy 
Brintou,  Lewis,  M.  D. 
Brooke,  Francis  M.  . 
Brown,  Francis  Shunk 
Brown,  C.  H.,  M.  D.  . 
Brown,  William  K.,  M.  D. 
Buchanan,  Francis,  M.  D. 
Bucher,  Francis  E. 
Buckby,  William.  M.  D.  . 
Bullitt,  John  C.^"  . 
Bullock,  George  A.  . 
Buzby,  Duncan  L. 
Cadwalader,  Charles  E.,  M.  D 
Canby,  James  B. 
Cantlin,  John  R. 
Cardeza,  James  W.  M. 
Carmichael,  Thomas  H.,  M.  E 
Carr,  William  W. 
Carson,  Hampton  L.  . 
Cassiu,  Isaac  S.  . 
Castle,  David  M.,  M.  D.  . 
Cattell,  Henry  S. 
Chestnut,  John  H.  \V\,  M.  D. 
Christian,  Hilary  M.,  M.  D. 
Christine,  G.  Maxwell,  M.D. 
Church,  William  A.  . 
Clarke,  Daniel  C. 
Cleeman,  Richard  A.,  M.  D. 


INDEX 


Closson,  James  Harwood,  M. 
Colahan,  John  B.,  Jr. 
Comber,  John  B. 
Connell,  H.  P.       . 
Cooper  Thomas  V. 
Coppuck,  Malcolm  M. 
Cresson,  Charles  M.,  M.  1 
Cm-tin,  Roland  G.,  M.  D. 
Custis,  Alfred  Frank  . 
Daly.  Timothy  M. 
Deacon,  Charles  R.     . 
Dearborn,  George  E. 
Dechert,  Henry  M.      . 
Dechert,  Robert  P.      . 
Deekens,  A.  Hamilton,  M.  D. 
Devlin,  Edward  A.      . 
Dickson,  Samuel 
Diehl,  Thomas    . 
Disston,  Hamilton 
Dittman,  Matthew 
Doran,  Joseph  I. 
Drew,  Mrs.  John 
Dunmire,  George  B.,  M.  I 
Durham,  Israel  W. 
Dutton,  William  D.    . 
Dwight,  Henry  E.,  M.  D. 
Elcock,  Thomas  R.      . 
HElkins,  William  I,.      . 
Etting,  Theodore  M. 
Fahy,  Thomas  A. 
Fisher,  Sidney  G._ 
Fisher,  William  fighter 
Fitler,  Edwin  H. 
Fletcher.  Leonai^R.  . 
Ford,  William  H..  M.  D. 
Fortescue,  Louis  K.  F. 
Foster.  Albert 
Foulke,  William  G.     . 
Foulkrod,  William  W. 
Fox.  I..  Webster.  M.  D. 
Franklin.  Benjamin 
Gardiner,  George  w.,  M.D. 
Gardiner,  William  H.,  M.  D 
Gazzam.  Joseph  M.     • 
Gendell,  J.  Howard    . 
Genth.  Fred.  Aug.,  Jr. 
Geyelin.  Henry  I.aussat 
Gibbs,  William  W.      . 
Gilbert,  Irwin  B..  M.D. 
Gillette.  Alfred  S. 
Gill.  William  B.  . 
Goodman.  II.  Ptarnest.  M. 
Gorman,  William 
Grady.  John  C.     . 
Graham.  George  Scott 
Graham,  James,  M.  D. 
Graham,  J.  C. 
Gratz,  Alfred 
Greene.  Charles  D. 
Green.  Thomas    . 
Grew,  William     . 
Griffith,  Silas.  M.  D.    . 
Hancock,  Clinton  G.  . 
Hancock,  Elmer  f:.,  M.  D. 
Hancock.  Henry  James 
Hancock,  Joseph,  M.D. 
Hannis,  William  C.     . 
Harrington.  Edwin  S.,  XI 
Harrison,  George  I..    . 
Hastings,  William  H. 
Henry,  James  Bayard 
Hewson,  Addinell,  M.  D. 
Hinckley,  Robert  H. 
Hicks,  Thomas  J. 
Hill,  John  I.. 
Hooper,  Peter.  M.D. 
Hopper,  Harry  Shelmire 
Ilowson,  Henry  . 
Huey,  Samuel  B. 
Hutt,  William  H.,  M.D. 
Ingham,  Ellery  P. 
Ivius,  Horace  F.,  M.D. 


James,  Bushrod  W\,  M.  D. 
James,  Horace  E.,  M.D.    . 
J.ivne.  David,  M.D.     . 
Jenkins,  Warner  H.    . 
Jones,  Daniel 
Jones,  J.  Levering 
Judd,  Leonard  D.,  M.D.     . 
Karsner,  Daniel,  M.D. 
Kauffman,  Luther  S. 
Keator.  John  Frisbee 
Keim,  George  deB.     . 
Keim,  W.  H.,  M.D.     . 
Kent,  James  Tyler,  M.  D. 
Kinsey,  John  Lippincott  . 
Kline,  Robert  Hays,  M.  D. 
Knight,  Edward  C.     . 
Union,  John 
Lane,  Peter,  Jr.    . 
Latta,  James  W.  . 
Lautenhach,  Louis  J.,  M  D. 
Leach,  Joseph  Granville  . 
Learning,  Thomas 
Lee,  Benjamin,  M.  D. 
Lee,  Jesse     .... 
Lex,  William  Henry   . 
Lister,  Charles  L. 
Little,  James  H. 
Lloyd,  Richard  C. 
Love,  Alfred  H. 
Love,  Louis  F,  M.D. 
Lukens,  William  H.  R. 
McCain,  James  Peuu 
McCulIen,  Joseph  P.    . 
McCully.  William  F. 
McCreary,  George  D. 
McKeebau,  Charles  Watson 
McKinlay,  John  Stewart  . 
Mcl.eod.  Archibald  Angus 
Mcl.eod,  George  I.,  M.  I). 
McMichael,  Charles  B. 
Macfarlan,  Duncan.  M.  D 
Magill,  Edward  W.    . 


\I  i 


.  Charle 


N. 


Mann,  William  B. 

Mansfield,  J.  Robert.  M.  I). 

Marsden.  Iliddle  R..  M.  D. 

Marshall.  II.  Clay 

Martin,  David 

Melick,  Leoni      . 

Mellors,  Joseph   . 

Miller,  George  B.  M.  D.     . 

Montgomery.  Edward  E.,  M.  1 

Moore,  Alfred 

Moore,  James      . 

Morrell,  Edward  De  V. 

MUller,  George    . 

Myers,  Leonard   . 

Neidhard,  C,  M.  D.    . 

Nichols,  Henry  K. 

Noble,  Charles  P..  M.  D., 

O'Brien,  William  H.  . 

O'Callahan,  Michael  J. 

Odenheimer,  Frank  G. 

Oellers.  Richard  G.     . 

Ord.John     .... 

Paist,  Joseph  H. 

Paucoast,  W.  H.,  M.  D. 

Park .  William  K. 

Parrisb,  Joseph    . 

Taul,  James  W.    . 

Peirce,  George 

Peltz,  Richard 

Penrose,  Boies     . 

Penrose,  Richard  A.  F.,  M.  D. 

Pepper,  George  Wharton  . 

Pettit,  Silas  W.     . 

Phillips,  Alfred  J. 

Phillips,  John  I..,  M.D.      . 

Pierce,  William  A.  D  ,  M.  D. 

Pierie,  George  G. 

Plumb.  Fayette  R. 

Porter,  Charles  A. 


Porter.  William  G  .  M.  D. 

Porter,  William  W.     . 

Potter,  Thomas  . 

Powell,  Milton,  M.  D. 

Powers.  Thomas  J. 

Raue,  Charles  G.,  M.  D. 

Rawle,  Francis    . 

Rawle,  Wm.  Brooke    . 

Reed,  William  A.,  M.  D.     . 

Reeves,  Joseph  Morgan,  M.  D. 

Reeves,  S.  W. 

Register,  H.  C,  M.  D.,  D.D.  S. 

Rehfuss,  Emil  G.,  M.  D.     . 

Rex,  Oliver  R.,  M.  D. 

Rex,  Walter  Edwin     . 

Rhoads,  E.  Clinton 

Ridgway,  John  J. 

Roberts.  Charles  B.     . 

Robinson,  D.  Stuart    . 

Rothermel,  P.  F.,  Jr. 

Ryan.  Michael  J. 

Sanders,  Dallas  . 

Sartain,  Harriet  Judd,  M.  D. 

Schaefer,  Gustave  R.  . 

Schaffer,  Charles.  M.  D. 
38    Scott,  Henry  James    . 
36    Sellers,  James  C. 

Shattuck,  Frank  R.     . 

Shelmire,  W.  II. 

Sheppard,  Furman 

Sheppard,  Isaac  A. 

Shields,  William  G.    . 

Shuber.  John  B.,  M.D. 

Shoemaker,  John  V.,  M.  D. 

Shotwell.  Alonzo 

Simpson.  Louis  M. 

Smedley,  I.  G.,  M.D. 

Smedley,  Samuel  L.   . 

Smithers.  Elias  P.        . 

Smithers,  William  w. 

Sinnn,  Charles  H.,  M.  D. 

Smith,  George  W..  M   D. 

Sobemheimer,  Fred.  A. 

Staake,  William  H.     . 

Stewart,  David  D.,  M.  D. 

Stokley.  William  S.     . 

Stover,  Lewis 

Strittmatter,  I.  P.,  M.  D, 

Stuart.  Edwin  S. 

Taylor.  John 

Taylor,  William  R.     . 

Terry.  Henry  C. 

Thatcher,  Jesse  W.,  M.  D. 

Titman,  George  Willis.  M.  D. 

Tuttle.  David  K. 

Vail,  Lewis  D.      .        .        . 

Van  Baun.  William  W.,  M.D 

Van  Leunep,  W  I!.,  M  D 

Veale,  Moses 

Vischer,  Carl  v., M.D. 

Vogler,  George  W.,  M.D. 
1  Walker.  Daniel  R. 
'  Walker,  James  B.,  M.  D.    . 
;  Walker,  Mahlon  M.,  M.  D. 
1  Waiker,  Samuel  E.,  M.D. 
;  Walters,  Louis  R. 

Walton,  Henry  F. 

Ward,  John  A.      .        .        . 

Warder,  William  H.,  M.  D. 

Warren.  Lucius  H.     . 
1  Warwick,  Charles  F. 

Weigley,  William  W. 

Weyl,  Augustus  . 

Widener,  P.  A.  B. 

Wilson.  James  C,  M.  D.    . 

Williams,  Thomas  C.  M.  D. 

Wilson,  W.  Reynolds.  M.  D. 

Windrim,  James  H.    . 
Woods,  Matthew,  M.  D.     . 

Yarrow,  Thomas  J  ,  M.  D. 

Young,  James  K.,  M.  D.     . 

Ziegler,  Walter  M.  L.,  M.  D. 


85 


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